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Determination of full-scale pore size distribution of Gaomiaozi bentonite and its permeability prediction 认领 引用 被引量：11
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作者 Jiangfeng Liu Shuaibing Song +4 位作者 Xulou Cao Qingbin Meng Hai Pu Yangguang Wang Jianfeng Liu 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2020年第2期403-413,共11页
Gaomiaozi(GMZ)bentonite is a potential buffer/backfill material for a deep geological disposal of highlevel radioactive waste.It has a wide pore size distribution(PSD)with sizes ranging from several nanometers to more... Gaomiaozi(GMZ)bentonite is a potential buffer/backfill material for a deep geological disposal of highlevel radioactive waste.It has a wide pore size distribution(PSD)with sizes ranging from several nanometers to more than one hundred microns.Thus,properly characterizing the pore structures of GMZ bentonite is a challenging issue.In this study,pressure-controlled porosimetry(PCP),ratecontrolled porosimetry(RCP),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were used to investigate the PSD of GMZ bentonite,The results indicate that each method has its limitation,and a combined use of PCP and RCP is suitable to obtain the full-scale PSD of GMZ bentonite.Moreover,we also compared the full-scale PSD with nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)result.It is found that there is no significant difference in the range of PSD characterization between NMR and mercury intrusion method(PCP and RCP).However,in a ce rtain range,the detection accuracy of NMR is higher than that of mercury injection method.Finally,permeability prediction based on PCP and SEM data was conducted,and both of the two methods were found to be able to predict the permeability.The combined method is effective to obtain the full-scale PSD of GMZ bentonite,which is the key to estimation of the sealing ability of bentonite buffer. 展开更多
关键词 Gaomiaozi(GMZ)bentonite Pore size distribution(PSD) Pressure-controlled porosimetry(PCP) Rate-controlled porosimetry(RCP) Permeability High-level radioactive waste
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Reductive kinetics of Panzhihua ilmenite with hydrogen 认领 引用 被引量：13
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作者 Chang-yuan LU Xing-li ZOU +5 位作者 Xiong-gang LU Xue-liang XIE Kai ZHENG Wei XIAO Hong-wei CHENG Guang-shi LI 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第12期3266-3273,共8页
The hydrogen reduction of Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate in the temperature range of 900?1050 °C was systematicallyinvestigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron mi... The hydrogen reduction of Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate in the temperature range of 900?1050 °C was systematicallyinvestigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. It wasshown that the products of the Panzhihua ilmenite reduced at 900 °C were metallic iron and rutile. Above 1000 °C, ferrouspseudobrookite solid solution was generated. During the reduction process, element Mg gradually concentrated to form Mg-rich zonewhich can influence the metallization process. The reduction reaction proceeded topochemically and its related reduction kineticswere also discussed. The kinetics of the reduction indicated that the rate-controlling step was the diffusion process. The apparentactivation energy of the hydrogen reduction of Panzhihua ilmenite was calculated to be 117.56 kJ/mol, which was larger than that ofsynthetic ilmenite under the same reduction condition. 展开更多
关键词 Panzhihua ilmenite synthetic ilmenite hydrogen reduction kinetics rate-controlling step magnesium migration
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Prediction for Flow Stress of 95CrMo Hollow Steel During Hot Compression 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 Bao-Sheng Xie Qing-Wu Cai +2 位作者 Wei Yu Li-Xiong Xu Zhen Ning 《Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第3期250-260,共11页
The compressive deformation behavior of 95CrMo hypereutectic steel was studied at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1050 ℃ and strain rates from 0.1 to 3 s-1 on a Gleeble-3500 thermo-simulation machine. The results sh... The compressive deformation behavior of 95CrMo hypereutectic steel was studied at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1050 ℃ and strain rates from 0.1 to 3 s-1 on a Gleeble-3500 thermo-simulation machine. The results showed that, with the decrease in deformation temperature and increase in strain rate, the fragmented retained austenite in finer and distributed more uniformly in the ferrite matrix as a result of the inhibited recovery. The recorded flow stress suggested that the stress level decreases with increasing temperature and decreasing strain rate. Based on the classical stress-dislocation relation, the constitutive equations of flow stress determined by work-hardening and softening mechanisms were estab- lished. A comparison between the experimental and calculated values confirmed the reliability of the model, and the predictability of the model was also quantified in terms of correlation coefficients and average absolute relative errors, which were found generally above 0.99 and below 2.50%, respectively. In the whole range of strain rate, the activation energy is 419.84 kJ/mol. By further identification based on Sch6ck＇s model and Kocks-Argon-Ashby model, the rate- controlling mechanism is found to be dislocation cross-slip. 展开更多
关键词 Tempering 95CrMo hypereutectic steel Hot deformation behavior Hot compression Rate-controlling mechanism Constitutive model
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Oxidation pathway and kinetics of titania slag powders during cooling process in air 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 Wen-chao He Xue-wei Lü +1 位作者 Cheng-yi Ding Zhi-ming Yan 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第6期981-990,共10页
The oxidation pathway and kinetics of titania slag powders in air were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and thermogravimetry(TG).The oxidation pathway of titania slag powder in air was divided into... The oxidation pathway and kinetics of titania slag powders in air were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and thermogravimetry(TG).The oxidation pathway of titania slag powder in air was divided into three stages according to their three exothermic peaks and three corresponding mass gain stages indicated by the respective non-isothermal DSC and TG curves.The isothermal oxidation kinetics of high titania slag powders of different sizes were analyzed using the ln-ln analysis method.The results revealed that the entire isothermal oxidation process comprises two stages.The kinetic mechanism of the first stage can be described as f(α) = 1.77(1-α) [-ln (1-α)](1.77-1/1.77),f(α)= 1.97(1-α) [-ln (1-α)](1.97-1/1.97),and f (α) = 1.18(1-α) [-ln (1-α)](1.18-1/1.18).The kinetic mechanism of the second stage for all samples can be described as f (α)=1.5(1-α)2/3[1-(1-α)1/3]-1.The activation energies of titania slag powders with different sizes(d1<0.075 mm,0.125 mm<d2<0.150 mm,and 0.425 mm<d3<0.600 mm)for different reaction degrees were calculated.For the given experimental conditions,the rate-controlling step in the first oxidation stage of all the samples is a chemical reaction.The rate-controlling steps of the second oxidation stage are a chemical reaction and internal diffusion(for powders d1<0.075 mm)and internal diffusion(for powders 0.125 mm<d2<0.150 mm and 0.425 mm<d3<0.600 mm). 展开更多
关键词 high titania slag powder oxidation pathway isothermal oxidation kinetics ln-ln analysis activation energy rate-controlling step
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Effect of slag composition on kinetic behavior of deep deoxidation of 5 wt.% Si high-silicon austenitic stainless steel 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Guan-xiong Dou Han-jie Guo +2 位作者 Jing Guo Xue-cheng Peng Qing-yun Chen 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期1873-1885,共13页
Based on a thermodynamic study of 5 wt.%Si high-silicon austenitic stainless steel(SS-5Si)smelting using CaF2-CaO-Al203-Mg-Si02 slag to obtain a low oxygen content of less than 10×10-4 wt.%,a kinet... Based on a thermodynamic study of 5 wt.%Si high-silicon austenitic stainless steel(SS-5Si)smelting using CaF2-CaO-Al203-Mg-Si02 slag to obtain a low oxygen content of less than 10×10-4 wt.%,a kinetic mass transfer model for deep deoxidation was established through laboratory studies,and the effects of slag components and temperature on deoxidation during the slag-steel reaction process of sS-5Si were systematically studied.The experimental data verified the accuracy of the model predictions.The results showed that the final oxygen content in the steel at 1873 K was mainly controlled by the oxygen content derived from the activity of SiO2 regulated by the[Si]-[O]equilibrium reaction in the slag system;in particular,when the slag basicity R(R=w(CaO)/w(SiO2),where w(CaO)and w(SiO2)are the contents of CaO and SiO2 in the slag,respectively)is 3,the Al2O3 content in the slag needs to be less than 2.7%.The mass transfer rate equation for the kinetics of the deoxidation reaction revealed that the mass transfer of oxygen in the liquid metal is the rate-controlling step under different slag conditions at 1873 K,and the oxygen transfer coefficient ko.m increases with increasing the slag basicity from 4.0×10-6m s-1(R=1)to 4.3×10-5 m s-1(R=3).ko.m values at R=2 and R=3 are almost the same,indicating that high slag basicity has little effect.The integral of the mass transfer rate equation for the deoxidation reaction of SS-5Si under different slag conditions is obtained.The total oxygen content of the molten steel decreases with increasing basicity from an initial content of 22×10-4 to 3.2×10-4 wt.%(R=3),consistent with the change in ko.m with slag basicity.At R=2,the slag-steel reaction takes 15 min to reach equilibrium(w[O]=5.5×10-4 wt.%),whereas at R=3,the slag-steel reaction takes 30 min to reach equilibrium(w[0]=3.2×10-4 wt.%).Considering the depth of deoxidation and reaction time of SS-5Si smelting,it is recommended the slag basicity be controlled at approximately 2.Similarly,the effect of temperature on the deep deoxidation of SS-5Si was studied. 展开更多
关键词 Slag-steel reaction Kinetics Rate-controlling step Deep deoxidation Transfer coefficient
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Investigation of the kinetic mechanism of the demanganization reaction between carbon-saturated liquid iron and CaF2–CaO–SiO2-based slags 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Sheng-chao Duan Chuang Li +3 位作者 Han-jie Guo Jing Guo Shao-wei Han Wen-sheng Yang 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2018年第4期399-404,共6页
The demanganization reaction kinetics of carbon-saturated liquid iron with an eight-component slag consisting of CaO–SiO2–MgO–FeO–MnO–Al2O3–TiO2–CaF2 was investigated at 1553, 1623, and 1673 K in this study. Th... The demanganization reaction kinetics of carbon-saturated liquid iron with an eight-component slag consisting of CaO–SiO2–MgO–FeO–MnO–Al2O3–TiO2–CaF2 was investigated at 1553, 1623, and 1673 K in this study. The rate-controlling step（RCS） for the demanganization reaction with regard to the hot metal pretreatment conditions was studied via kinetics analysis based on the fundamental equation of heterogeneous reaction kinetics. From the temperature dependence of the mass transfer coefficient of a transition-metal oxide（MnO）, the apparent activation energy of the demanganization reaction was estimated to be 189.46 kJ·mol^–1 in the current study, which indicated that the mass transfer of MnO in the molten slag controlled the overall rate of the demanganization reaction. The calculated apparent activation energy was slightly lower than the values reported in the literature for mass transfer in a slag phase. This difference was attributed to an increase in the ＂specific reaction interface＂（SRI） value, either as a result of turbulence at the reaction interface or a decrease of the absolute amount of slag phase during sampling, and to the addition of calcium fluoride to the slag. 展开更多
关键词 demoaganization reaction kinetics reaction mechanism kinetic model rate-controlling step mass transfer coefficient apparent activation energy
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CO2 conversion and decarburization kinetics of CO2 gas and liquid Fe-C alloy at 1873 K 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Wen-he Wu Rong Zhu +2 位作者 Zhi-zheng Li Chun-yang Wang Guang-sheng Wei 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第3期425-433,共9页
The reactions between CO2 gas and liquid Fe-C alloy with different initial carbon concentrations at 1873 K were investigated using experimental results,thermodynamic equilibrium,and kinetic analysis.The average CO_... The reactions between CO2 gas and liquid Fe-C alloy with different initial carbon concentrations at 1873 K were investigated using experimental results,thermodynamic equilibrium,and kinetic analysis.The average CO2 conversion is greater than 80%when the carbon content ranges from 4.0 to 1.0 wt.%.When the carbon content decreases from 0.5 to 0.1 wt.%,the average CO2 conversion diminishes from 83.50%to 40.84%.This proves that CO2 gas and liquid Fe-C alloy reaction does not reach equilibrium under experimental conditions compared with the calculated thermodynamic data.Through the kinetic analysis,it is shown that in the medium-to high-carbon liquid Fe-C alloys,the rate-controlling step involves CO2 gas mass transfer or mixed rate-controlling of CO2 gas mass transfer with adsorption and dissociation of CO2 gas.In contrast,in the low-carbon liquid Fe-C alloy,carbon mass transfer occurs in the molten alloy.The critical carbon content of the rate-controlling step transformation is 0.7937 wt.%. 展开更多
关键词 CO2utilization CO2conversion Decarburization kinetics Fe-C alloy Rate-controlling step
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Pore throat characteristics of tight sandstone of Yanchang Formation in eastern Gansu,Ordos Basin 认领 引用 被引量：12
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作者 Hao Wu Chunlin Zhang +7 位作者 Youliang Ji Rui'e Liu Shang Cao Sheng Chen Yunzhao Zhang Ye Wang Wei Du Gang Liu 《Petroleum Research》 EI 2018年第1期33-43,共11页
An important factor to evaluate reservoir quality is the pore-throat size.However,the strong heterogeneity makes it difficult to characterize the pore-throat distribution in tight reservoirs.The field emission scannin... An important factor to evaluate reservoir quality is the pore-throat size.However,the strong heterogeneity makes it difficult to characterize the pore-throat distribution in tight reservoirs.The field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM),high pressure mercury injection and rate-controlled mercury injection are used to investigate the pore-throat size distribution in tight sandstone reservoirs of Member 7 of the Yanchang Formation in eastern Gansu,Ordos Basin,and studies of the pore throat size controlling on physical property of the tight sandstone reservoirs are also carried out.The result shows that the pore type is mainly dominated by the residual intergranular pore,dissolution pore,micropore and a few micro-fractures;the high-pressure mercury injection experiment indicates that the pore-throat size ranges from 0.0148 μm to 40mm,the pore throat more than 1 mm is less;the ratecontrolled mercury injection experiment reveals that for samples with different physical properties,the pore radius mainly varies from 80 μm to 350 μm;the throat radius exhibits the strong heterogeneity,and is from 0.12 μm to 30μm;the pore-throat size can be effectively characterized by combination of high-pressure and rate-controlled mercury injections,and it varies from 0.0148 μm to 350 μm.The permeability is mainly controlled by the large pore throat(>R50)which accounts for a small proportion;in the tight sandstone with the permeability greater than 0.1 mD,the permeability is mainly controlled by the micropore and mesopore;in the tight sandstone with the permeability smaller than 0.1 mD,the permeability is mainly controlled by the nanopore and micropore;the proportion of small pore throat increases with reduction of permeability,it is important that the small pore throat influences the reservoir storage property though its effect on permeability are small. 展开更多
关键词 Pore-throat size High-pressure and rate-controlled mercury injections Reservoir physical property Tight sandstone Member 7 of the Yanchang Formation Eastern Gansu
Compressive behavior and deformation kinetics of ultrafine grained aluminum processed by equal channel angular pressing 认领 引用
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作者 Jin Su Zhong-bin Tang +3 位作者 Cun-xian Wang Tian Ye Tao Suo Yu-long Li 《International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials》 EI 2017年第1期56-77,共22页
In the present work,the uniaxial compressive mechanical properies of ultrafine grained(UFG)aluminum produced by equal channel angular pressing method were investigated experimentally over a wide temperatures ranging f... In the present work,the uniaxial compressive mechanical properies of ultrafine grained(UFG)aluminum produced by equal channel angular pressing method were investigated experimentally over a wide temperatures ranging from 77 to 473 K under both quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions.Based on the experimental results,the strain rate,temperature sensitivity,and the apparent activation volume were estimated.The coupling effects of both experimental temperature and applied strain rate on thermal-activated plastic deformation behavior were also investigated.Based on the thermal activation theory,the rate-controlling mechanisms for the UFG aluminum under both quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions were discussed. 展开更多
关键词 Ultrafine-grained aluminum mechanical behavior strain rate sensitivity temperature sensitivity rate-controlling mechanism
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