Carbon fiber composites,characterized by their high specific strength and low weight,are becoming increasingly crucial in automotive lightweighting.However,current research primarily emphasizes layer count and orienta...Carbon fiber composites,characterized by their high specific strength and low weight,are becoming increasingly crucial in automotive lightweighting.However,current research primarily emphasizes layer count and orientation,often neglecting the potential of microstructural design,constraints in the layup process,and performance reliability.This study,therefore,introduces a multiscale reliability-based design optimization method for carbon fiber-reinforced plastic(CFRP)drive shafts.Initially,parametric modeling of the microscale cell was performed,and its elastic performance parameters were predicted using two homogenization methods,examining the impact of fluctuations in microscale cell parameters on composite material performance.A finite element model of the CFRP drive shaft was then constructed,achieving parameter transfer between microscale and macroscale through Python programming.This enabled an investigation into the influence of both micro and macro design parameters on the CFRP drive shaft’s performance.The Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization(MOPSO)algorithm was enhanced for particle generation and updating strategies,facilitating the resolution of multi-objective reliability optimization problems,including composite material layup process constraints.Case studies demonstrated that this approach leads to over 30%weight reduction in CFRP drive shafts compared to metallic counterparts while satisfying reliability requirements and offering insights for the lightweight design of other vehicle components.展开更多
To improve the computational efficiency of the reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) of flexible mechanism, particle swarm optimization-advanced extremum response surface method(PSO-AERSM) was proposed by integr...To improve the computational efficiency of the reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) of flexible mechanism, particle swarm optimization-advanced extremum response surface method(PSO-AERSM) was proposed by integrating particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm and advanced extremum response surface method(AERSM). Firstly, the AERSM was developed and its mathematical model was established based on artificial neural network, and the PSO algorithm was investigated. And then the RBDO model of flexible mechanism was presented based on AERSM and PSO. Finally, regarding cross-sectional area as design variable, the reliability optimization of flexible mechanism was implemented subject to reliability degree and uncertainties based on the proposed approach. The optimization results show that the cross-section sizes obviously reduce by 22.96 mm^2 while keeping reliability degree. Through the comparison of methods, it is demonstrated that the AERSM holds high computational efficiency while keeping computational precision for the RBDO of flexible mechanism, and PSO algorithm minimizes the response of the objective function. The efforts of this work provide a useful sight for the reliability optimization of flexible mechanism, and enrich and develop the reliability theory as well.展开更多
Fatigue reliability-based design optimization of aeroengine structures involves multiple repeated calculations of reliability degree and large-scale calls of implicit high-nonlinearity limit state function,leading to ...Fatigue reliability-based design optimization of aeroengine structures involves multiple repeated calculations of reliability degree and large-scale calls of implicit high-nonlinearity limit state function,leading to the traditional direct Monte Claro and surrogate methods prone to unacceptable computing efficiency and accuracy.In this case,by fusing the random subspace strategy and weight allocation technology into bagging ensemble theory,a random forest(RF)model is presented to enhance the computing efficiency of reliability degree;moreover,by embedding the RF model into multilevel optimization model,an efficient RF-assisted fatigue reliability-based design optimization framework is developed.Regarding the low-cycle fatigue reliability-based design optimization of aeroengine turbine disc as a case,the effectiveness of the presented framework is validated.The reliabilitybased design optimization results exhibit that the proposed framework holds high computing accuracy and computing efficiency.The current efforts shed a light on the theory/method development of reliability-based design optimization of complex engineering structures.展开更多
Conventional reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) requires to use the most probable point (MPP) method for a probabilistic analysis of the reliability constraints. A new approach is presented, called as th...Conventional reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) requires to use the most probable point (MPP) method for a probabilistic analysis of the reliability constraints. A new approach is presented, called as the minimum error point (MEP) method or the MEP based method, for reliability-based design optimization, whose idea is to minimize the error produced by approximating performance functions. The MEP based method uses the first order Taylor's expansion at MEP instead of MPP. Examples demonstrate that the MEP based design optimization can ensure product reliability at the required level, which is very imperative for many important engineering systems. The MEP based reliability design optimization method is feasible and is considered as an alternative for solving reliability design optimization problems. The MEP based method is more robust than the commonly used MPP based method for some irregular performance functions.展开更多
Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is intrinsically a double-loop procedure since it involves an overall optimization and an iterative reliability assessment at each search point. Due to the double-loop pr...Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is intrinsically a double-loop procedure since it involves an overall optimization and an iterative reliability assessment at each search point. Due to the double-loop procedure, the computational expense of RBDO is normally very high. Current RBDO research focuses on problems with explicitly expressed performance functions and readily available gradients. This paper addresses a more challenging type of RBDO problem in which the performance functions are computation intensive. These computation intensive functions are often considered as a "black-box" and their gradients are not available or not reliable. On the basis of the reliable design space (RDS) concept proposed earlier by the authors, this paper proposes a Reliable Space Pursuing (RSP) approach, in which RDS is first identified and then gradually refined while optimization is performed. It fundamentally avoids the nested optimization and probabilistic assessment loop. Three well known RBDO problems from the literature are used for testing and demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed RSP method.展开更多
Under thermal abuse conditions,lithium-ion batteries are subject to multiple sources of uncertainty,which can potentially trigger thermal runaway.To enable reliable structural design under thermal safety con-straints,...Under thermal abuse conditions,lithium-ion batteries are subject to multiple sources of uncertainty,which can potentially trigger thermal runaway.To enable reliable structural design under thermal safety con-straints,this study proposes a reliability-based design optimization(RBDO)method for lithium-ion batteries based on critical venting prediction.First,an analytical model is developed that couples electrochemical reactions,heat conduction,gas dynamics,and nonlinear elasticity,enabling a comprehensive characterization of the ther-mo-gas-mechanical evolution,with the critical venting time adopted as the performance metric.Second,global sensitivity analysis using a variance-based decomposition method identifies high-sensitivity parameters for dimen-sionality reduction.Finally,an RBDO model with venting response probability as the constraint is formulated,and an efficient solution strategy is established by integrating the performance measure approach with a decoupled optimization frame-work to ensure computational effi-ciency and numerical stability.Experimental results show that the proposed model achieves prediction errors lower than 3%for temperature and critical response.Com-pared to existing methods,it achieves a superior balance between accuracy and efficiency,with RBDO solution time under two hours.The proposed approach demonstrates strong engineering applicability and extensibility,offering an effective tool for safety-oriented structural optimiza-tion of lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
Time-dependent reliability-based design optimization(TRBDO)has received extensive attention because of its ability to achieve optimal solutions that help meet the requirement for whole lifecycle reliability by quantit...Time-dependent reliability-based design optimization(TRBDO)has received extensive attention because of its ability to achieve optimal solutions that help meet the requirement for whole lifecycle reliability by quantitatively considering dynamic uncertainties.However,directly solving TRBDO problems is computationally expensive,if not prohibitive,owing to the need to repeatedly evaluate time-dependent probabilistic constraints.To address this challenge,an efficient decoupled method called sequential optimization and time-dependent reliability assessment(SOTRA)is proposed in this study.This method transforms the original TRBDO problem,initially formulated probabilistically,into a problem using percentile formulation after discretizing time-dependent performance functions.By adopting the equivalent minimum performance target point(EMPTP)concept,the TRBDO problem is further converted into an equivalent deterministic optimization problem,which is subsequently solved through a sequential iteration process involving deterministic optimization and time-dependent reliability analysis.To efficiently and robustly search an EMPTP for reliability analysis,a time-dependent self-adaptive finite-step length method is developed.To verify the proposed SOTRA method against existing TRBDO methods,a numerical example,a benchmark structural design case of a simply supported beam,and an engineering application for flexible wheel design are exemplified in this study.The results demonstrate that the proposed SOTRA method exhibits high efficiency and robustness in solving TRBDO problems.展开更多
Memristors have emerged as a transformative technology in the realm of electronic devices,offering unique advantages such as fast switching speeds,low power consumption,and the ability to sensor-memory-compute.The app...Memristors have emerged as a transformative technology in the realm of electronic devices,offering unique advantages such as fast switching speeds,low power consumption,and the ability to sensor-memory-compute.The applications span across non-volatile memory,neuromorphic computing,hardware security,and beyond,prompting memristors to become a versatile solution for next-generation computing and data storage systems.Despite enormous potential of memristors,the transition from laboratory prototypes to large-scale applications is challenging in terms of material stability,device reproducibility,and array scalability.This review systematically explores recent advancements in high-performance memristor technologies,focusing on performance enhancement strategies through material engineering,structural design,pulse protocol optimization,and algorithm control.We provide an in-depth analysis of key performance metrics tailored to specific applications,including non-volatile memory,neuromorphic computing,and hardware security.Furthermore,we propose a co-design framework that integrates device-level optimizations with operational-level improvements,aiming to bridge the gap between theoretical models and practical implementations.展开更多
Energy shortage has become one of themost concerning issues in the world today,and improving energy utilization efficiency is a key area of research for experts and scholars worldwide.Small-diameter heat exchangers of...Energy shortage has become one of themost concerning issues in the world today,and improving energy utilization efficiency is a key area of research for experts and scholars worldwide.Small-diameter heat exchangers offer advantages such as reduced material usage,lower refrigerant charge,and compact structure.However,they also face challenges,including increased refrigerant pressure drop and smaller heat transfer area inside the tubes.This paper combines the advantages and disadvantages of both small and large-diameter tubes and proposes a combined-diameter heat exchanger,consisting of large and small diameters,for use in the indoor units of split-type air conditioners.There are relatively few studies in this area.In this paper,A theoretical and numerical computation method is employed to establish a theoretical-numerical calculation model,and its reliability is verified through experiments.Using this model,the optimal combined diameters and flow path design for a combined-diameter heat exchanger using R32 as the working fluid are derived.The results show that the heat transfer performance of all combined diameter configurations improves by 2.79%to 8.26%compared to the baseline design,with the coefficient of performance(COP)increasing from 4.15 to 4.27~4.5.These designs can save copper material,but at the cost of an increase in pressure drop by 66.86%to 131.84%.The scheme IIIH,using R32,is the optimal combined-diameter and flow path configuration that balances both heat transfer performance and economic cost.展开更多
The utilization of marine resources has become a strategic priority of global significance.Offshore platforms and offshore wind turbines are critical components of offshore energy development systems.To address the co...The utilization of marine resources has become a strategic priority of global significance.Offshore platforms and offshore wind turbines are critical components of offshore energy development systems.To address the complexity,randomness,and uncertainty inherent in the marine environment and to ensure the safety of offshore installations during service,structural analysis and optimization of their foundations are essential.Jacket foundations,which provide high rigidity and stability,are suitable for shallow water and have emerged as the preferred foundation type for deepwater offshore installations.This study systematically reviews recent advances in theoretical modeling,numerical simulation,and experimental validation of structural response analyses and optimization methodologies for jacket foundations under complex marine conditions.Driven by diverse engineering requirements,researchers have proposed various structural optimization strategies.Existing efforts have primarily focused on structural topology,lightweight design,and performance-based optimization.Furthermore,this review identifies key technical challenges and outlines future research directions for optimizing offshore jacket foundations in ocean engineering.展开更多
A methodology is proposed to enhance the buckling and parametric excitation stability of fluid-conveying pipes by designing their natural frequencies.As a direct indicator of structural stiffness with respect to defor...A methodology is proposed to enhance the buckling and parametric excitation stability of fluid-conveying pipes by designing their natural frequencies.As a direct indicator of structural stiffness with respect to deformation,which is intrinsically related to the overall structural stability,the natural frequency is adopted as the primary design criterion for enhancing system stability.Based on the generalized Hamilton's principle,the governing equation for a multi-restrained pipe system is derived.The analysis reveals that,the natural frequencies can be maximized by appropriately selecting the constraint locations,which induces the best buckling stability.Although increasing the flow velocity generally reduces the natural frequency,the optimal constraint location remains relatively unchanged,eventually approaching the location of the maximal critical flow speed,beyond which the pipe loses its static stability.Furthermore,the proposed method introduces additional nodes into the natural mode shape,indicating that a higher energy threshold is required to trigger the resonance.Consequently,the parametric resonance under pulsating flow conditions becomes more difficult to initiate.Meanwhile,with the frequency design,the pipe can prevent the occurrence of parametric resonance with smaller critical damping.Compared with other approaches aimed at enhancing the stability of fluid-conveying pipe systems,the proposed method offers greater practicality for engineering applications,as it only requires adjusting the constraint locations and the optimal location is insensitive to the flow speed.展开更多
Natural gas,as a fossil energy source,possesses abundant reserves in nature.It is cleaner and more environmentally benign compared to coal and crude oil.Converting natural gas via catalytic routes into more valuable c...Natural gas,as a fossil energy source,possesses abundant reserves in nature.It is cleaner and more environmentally benign compared to coal and crude oil.Converting natural gas via catalytic routes into more valuable chemicals,such as benzene and methanol,can both reduce the transportation costs of natural gas and increase the supply of commodity chemicals.It also serves as a significant supplement to the current petrochemical industry,holding broad application prospects.The aromatization reaction of methane is a critical technique in the methane conversion pathway,in which aromatics like benzene,toluene,and naphthalene can be produced via high-temperature dehydrogenation.Such a process has drawn significant research attention over the past three decades.This paper attempts to provide a detailed introduction to the development of research on this reaction.By examining various aspects including reaction thermodynamics,catalyst composition,reaction intermediates/mechanism,coke properties,anti-coking measures and process intensification,it aims to offer readers a comprehensive understanding of this reaction.Additionally,by discussing the co-aromatization of methane with higher hydrocarbons like propane,it tries to expand the cognitive boundaries related to methane aromatization reactions,thereby tending to offer deeper insights into the aromatization process of feedstock with compositions similar to real natural gas.In the end,the current research status in the field of methane aromatization is summarized,and future research directions are outlined as well.展开更多
Circumlunar abort trajectories constitute a vital contingency return strategy during the translunar phase of crewed lunar missions.This paper proposes a methodology for constructing the solution set of the circumlunar...Circumlunar abort trajectories constitute a vital contingency return strategy during the translunar phase of crewed lunar missions.This paper proposes a methodology for constructing the solution set of the circumlunar abort trajectory and leverages its advantageous properties to address the optimization design problem of abort trajectories.Initially,a solution set of all feasible abort trajectories,originating from an abort point on the nominal trajectory and complying with fundamental reentry constraints,is formulated through the introduction of two novel design parameters.Subsequently,the geometric characteristics of the solution set,as well as the distributional properties of key iterative constraint responses,including flight time and velocity increment,are analyzed.Finally,the characteristics exhibited in the solution set are employed to directly identify the design parameters of the abort trajectories with minimum flight time and velocity increment,thereby providing solutions to two distinct types of optimization problems.The simulation results for a variety of nominal trajectories,encompassing the reconstruction and redesign of the Apollo13 abort trajectory,validate the proposed method,demonstrating its ability to directly generate optimal abort trajectories.The method proposed in this paper investigates feasible abort trajectories from a global perspective,providing both a framework and convenience for mission planning and iterative optimization in abort trajectory design.展开更多
With the growing demand for lightweight and high-performance components in automotive and aerospace industries,aluminum alloy die-castings are evolving toward larger dimensions and thinner walls,posing significant cha...With the growing demand for lightweight and high-performance components in automotive and aerospace industries,aluminum alloy die-castings are evolving toward larger dimensions and thinner walls,posing significant challenges to thermal management during solidification.Traditional cooling channel designs often fail to ensure uniform temperature distribution,leading to defects such as shrinkage porosity and deformation.This study proposes an automated design framework integrating the moving morphable components(MMC)topology optimization method with particle swarm optimization(PSO)to generate efficient and manufacturable cooling channel layouts for A380 aluminum alloys.Firstly,a systematic initialization strategy was developed with component dimensions of 4-10 mm in width and 15-40 mm in length,along with discrete orientation angles.The optimization process effectively guided components toward high-temperature regions identified through numerical simulation,followed by post-processing operations including temperature-based sorting,overlap removal,and component interconnection.The final design with 20 retained components was selected.Then,castings with a conventional cooling system and without any cooling system were employed as benchmark cases for comparison with the current optimized design.Compared with the conventional and no-cooling cases,the current cooling system exhibits a consistently lower temperature standard deviation after 30 s,maintains superior thermal uniformity throughout solidification,and achieves this improvement without comprising the average temperature.展开更多
Self-centering rocking bridge piers,characterized by their minimal residual deformation and rapid postseismic recovery,have emerged as a promising solution for enhancing the seismic resilience of bridge systems.Howeve...Self-centering rocking bridge piers,characterized by their minimal residual deformation and rapid postseismic recovery,have emerged as a promising solution for enhancing the seismic resilience of bridge systems.However,their inherently nonlinear behavior and pronounced sensitivity to multiple interdependent design parameters make it challenging to achieve balanced seismic performance among all piers within an integrated bridge system.This work develops a system-oriented optimization framework for self-centering rocking bridges to address this issue.The proposed framework integrates machine learning-based surrogate modeling to markedly accelerate the optimization process.A detailed case study of a four-span self-centering rocking bridge is conducted to demonstrate the framework’s applicability and effectiveness.Results show that substituting traditional finite element model with an XGBoost-based surrogate model reduces computational time by 92%while preserving high predictive accuracy.Furthermore,the optimized design significantly enhances system-level performance uniformity,achieving a 52.3%reduction in inter-pier shear force variability and a 19.0%decrease in displacement disparity compared with the baseline configuration.展开更多
Slurry transport is a critical multiphase-flow process in mining,metallurgy,and dredging applications,where hydraulic efficiency,particle-induced wear,cavitation erosion,and structural vibration are strongly coupled.T...Slurry transport is a critical multiphase-flow process in mining,metallurgy,and dredging applications,where hydraulic efficiency,particle-induced wear,cavitation erosion,and structural vibration are strongly coupled.This topic-focused review synthesizes recent advances in centrifugal slurry pump design optimization from the perspectives of wear-resistant surface engineering,hydraulic design,structural dynamics,intelligent optimization algorithms,and multiphysics simulation.Unlike earlier reviews that primarily addressed hydraulic performance,erosion wear,flow visualization,or numerical modeling in isolation,the present work adopts a lifecycle-oriented perspective.Representative studies are critically evaluated according to reported efficiency improvements,wearrate and material-loss reduction,cavitation and net-positive-suction-head-related performance changes,validation strategies,uncertainty sources,and practical engineering feasibility.Particular attention is devoted to the integration of computational fluid dynamics with the discrete element method,fluid-structure interaction,cavitation-erosion coupling,particle-size effects,surrogate-assisted optimization,and digital-twin-enabled monitoring frameworks.The reviewed literature indicates that high-fidelity simulations and intelligent algorithms have significantly enhanced design exploration and predictive capability.However,their large-scale engineering deployment remains limited by challenges associated with model validation,data availability,computational cost,interpretability,and generalization under variable slurry conditions.Finally,digital-twin-enabled lifecycle optimization is discussed as a promising conceptual pathway rather than a fully validated industrial solution,highlighting the need for reduced-order modeling,robust sensing strategies,uncertainty-aware data assimilation,and staged experimental validation to support reliable real-world implementation.展开更多
Use of multidisciplinary analysis in reliabilitybased design optimization(RBDO) results in the emergence of the important method of reliability-based multidisciplinary design optimization(RBMDO). To enhance the effici...Use of multidisciplinary analysis in reliabilitybased design optimization(RBDO) results in the emergence of the important method of reliability-based multidisciplinary design optimization(RBMDO). To enhance the efficiency and convergence of the overall solution process,a decoupling algorithm for RBMDO is proposed herein.Firstly, to decouple the multidisciplinary analysis using the individual disciplinary feasible(IDF) approach, the RBMDO is converted into a conventional form of RBDO. Secondly,the incremental shifting vector(ISV) strategy is adopted to decouple the nested optimization of RBDO into a sequential iteration process composed of design optimization and reliability analysis, thereby improving the efficiency significantly. Finally, the proposed RBMDO method is applied to the design of two actual electronic products: an aerial camera and a car pad. For these two applications, two RBMDO models are created, each containing several finite element models(FEMs) and relatively strong coupling between the involved disciplines. The computational results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
We review recent research activities on structural reliability analysis,reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) and applications in complex engineering structural design.Several novel uncertainty propagation metho...We review recent research activities on structural reliability analysis,reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) and applications in complex engineering structural design.Several novel uncertainty propagation methods and reliability models,which are the basis of the reliability assessment,are given.In addition,recent developments on reliability evaluation and sensitivity analysis are highlighted as well as implementation strategies for RBDO.展开更多
An efficient reliability-based design optimization method for the support structures of monopile offshore wind turbines is proposed herein.First,parametric finite element analysis(FEA)models of the support structure a...An efficient reliability-based design optimization method for the support structures of monopile offshore wind turbines is proposed herein.First,parametric finite element analysis(FEA)models of the support structure are established by considering stochastic variables.Subsequently,a surrogate model is constructed using a radial basis function(RBF)neural network to replace the time-consuming FEA.The uncertainties of loads,material properties,key sizes of structural components,and soil properties are considered.The uncertainty of soil properties is characterized by the variabilities of the unit weight,friction angle,and elastic modulus of soil.Structure reliability is determined via Monte Carlo simulation,and five limit states are considered,i.e.,structural stresses,tower top displacements,mudline rotation,buckling,and natural frequency.Based on the RBF surrogate model and particle swarm optimization algorithm,an optimal design is established to minimize the volume.Results show that the proposed method can yield an optimal design that satisfies the target reliability and that the constructed RBF surrogate model significantly improves the optimization efficiency.Furthermore,the uncertainty of soil parameters significantly affects the optimization results,and increasing the monopile diameter is a cost-effective approach to cope with the uncertainty of soil parameters.展开更多
Reinforcement corrosion is the main cause of performance deterioration of reinforced concrete(RC)structures.Limited research has been performed to investigate the life-cycle cost(LCC)of coastal bridge piers with nonun...Reinforcement corrosion is the main cause of performance deterioration of reinforced concrete(RC)structures.Limited research has been performed to investigate the life-cycle cost(LCC)of coastal bridge piers with nonuniform corrosion using different materials.In this study,a reliability-based design optimization(RBDO)procedure is improved for the design of coastal bridge piers using six groups of commonly used materials,i.e.,normal performance concrete(NPC)with black steel(BS)rebar,high strength steel(HSS)rebar,epoxy coated(EC)rebar,and stainless steel(SS)rebar(named NPC-BS,NPC-HSS,NPC-EC,and NPC-SS,respectively),NPC with BS with silane soakage on the pier surface(named NPC-Silane),and high-performance concrete(HPC)with BS rebar(named HPC-BS).First,the RBDO procedure is improved for the design optimization of coastal bridge piers,and a bridge is selected to illustrate the procedure.Then,reliability analysis of the pier designed with each group of materials is carried out to obtain the time-dependent reliability in terms of the ultimate and serviceability performances.Next,the repair time of the pier is predicted based on the time-dependent reliability indices.Finally,the time-dependent LCCs for the pier are obtained for the selection of the optimal design.展开更多
基金supported by the S&T Special Program of Huzhou(Grant No.2023GZ09)the Open Fund Project of the ShanghaiKey Laboratory of Lightweight Structural Composites(Grant No.2232021A4-06).
摘要Carbon fiber composites,characterized by their high specific strength and low weight,are becoming increasingly crucial in automotive lightweighting.However,current research primarily emphasizes layer count and orientation,often neglecting the potential of microstructural design,constraints in the layup process,and performance reliability.This study,therefore,introduces a multiscale reliability-based design optimization method for carbon fiber-reinforced plastic(CFRP)drive shafts.Initially,parametric modeling of the microscale cell was performed,and its elastic performance parameters were predicted using two homogenization methods,examining the impact of fluctuations in microscale cell parameters on composite material performance.A finite element model of the CFRP drive shaft was then constructed,achieving parameter transfer between microscale and macroscale through Python programming.This enabled an investigation into the influence of both micro and macro design parameters on the CFRP drive shaft’s performance.The Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization(MOPSO)algorithm was enhanced for particle generation and updating strategies,facilitating the resolution of multi-objective reliability optimization problems,including composite material layup process constraints.Case studies demonstrated that this approach leads to over 30%weight reduction in CFRP drive shafts compared to metallic counterparts while satisfying reliability requirements and offering insights for the lightweight design of other vehicle components.
基金Projects(51275138,51475025)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(12531109)supported by the Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Education,China+1 种基金Projects(XJ2015002,G-YZ90)supported by Hong Kong Scholars Program,ChinaProject(2015M580037)supported by Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China
摘要To improve the computational efficiency of the reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) of flexible mechanism, particle swarm optimization-advanced extremum response surface method(PSO-AERSM) was proposed by integrating particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm and advanced extremum response surface method(AERSM). Firstly, the AERSM was developed and its mathematical model was established based on artificial neural network, and the PSO algorithm was investigated. And then the RBDO model of flexible mechanism was presented based on AERSM and PSO. Finally, regarding cross-sectional area as design variable, the reliability optimization of flexible mechanism was implemented subject to reliability degree and uncertainties based on the proposed approach. The optimization results show that the cross-section sizes obviously reduce by 22.96 mm^2 while keeping reliability degree. Through the comparison of methods, it is demonstrated that the AERSM holds high computational efficiency while keeping computational precision for the RBDO of flexible mechanism, and PSO algorithm minimizes the response of the objective function. The efforts of this work provide a useful sight for the reliability optimization of flexible mechanism, and enrich and develop the reliability theory as well.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant(Number:52105136)the Hong Kong Scholar program under Grant(Number:XJ2022013)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant(Number:2021M690290)Academic Excellence Foundation of BUAA under Grant(Number:BY2004103).
摘要Fatigue reliability-based design optimization of aeroengine structures involves multiple repeated calculations of reliability degree and large-scale calls of implicit high-nonlinearity limit state function,leading to the traditional direct Monte Claro and surrogate methods prone to unacceptable computing efficiency and accuracy.In this case,by fusing the random subspace strategy and weight allocation technology into bagging ensemble theory,a random forest(RF)model is presented to enhance the computing efficiency of reliability degree;moreover,by embedding the RF model into multilevel optimization model,an efficient RF-assisted fatigue reliability-based design optimization framework is developed.Regarding the low-cycle fatigue reliability-based design optimization of aeroengine turbine disc as a case,the effectiveness of the presented framework is validated.The reliabilitybased design optimization results exhibit that the proposed framework holds high computing accuracy and computing efficiency.The current efforts shed a light on the theory/method development of reliability-based design optimization of complex engineering structures.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50575072)Outstanding Youth Fund of Hunan Education Department, China (No.04B007).
摘要Conventional reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) requires to use the most probable point (MPP) method for a probabilistic analysis of the reliability constraints. A new approach is presented, called as the minimum error point (MEP) method or the MEP based method, for reliability-based design optimization, whose idea is to minimize the error produced by approximating performance functions. The MEP based method uses the first order Taylor's expansion at MEP instead of MPP. Examples demonstrate that the MEP based design optimization can ensure product reliability at the required level, which is very imperative for many important engineering systems. The MEP based reliability design optimization method is feasible and is considered as an alternative for solving reliability design optimization problems. The MEP based method is more robust than the commonly used MPP based method for some irregular performance functions.
基金supported by Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
摘要Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is intrinsically a double-loop procedure since it involves an overall optimization and an iterative reliability assessment at each search point. Due to the double-loop procedure, the computational expense of RBDO is normally very high. Current RBDO research focuses on problems with explicitly expressed performance functions and readily available gradients. This paper addresses a more challenging type of RBDO problem in which the performance functions are computation intensive. These computation intensive functions are often considered as a "black-box" and their gradients are not available or not reliable. On the basis of the reliable design space (RDS) concept proposed earlier by the authors, this paper proposes a Reliable Space Pursuing (RSP) approach, in which RDS is first identified and then gradually refined while optimization is performed. It fundamentally avoids the nested optimization and probabilistic assessment loop. Three well known RBDO problems from the literature are used for testing and demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed RSP method.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.52377181 and No.52575282)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China(No.2025JJ50272 and No.2025JJ70387)Projects of Scientific Research of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(No.24B0731).
摘要Under thermal abuse conditions,lithium-ion batteries are subject to multiple sources of uncertainty,which can potentially trigger thermal runaway.To enable reliable structural design under thermal safety con-straints,this study proposes a reliability-based design optimization(RBDO)method for lithium-ion batteries based on critical venting prediction.First,an analytical model is developed that couples electrochemical reactions,heat conduction,gas dynamics,and nonlinear elasticity,enabling a comprehensive characterization of the ther-mo-gas-mechanical evolution,with the critical venting time adopted as the performance metric.Second,global sensitivity analysis using a variance-based decomposition method identifies high-sensitivity parameters for dimen-sionality reduction.Finally,an RBDO model with venting response probability as the constraint is formulated,and an efficient solution strategy is established by integrating the performance measure approach with a decoupled optimization frame-work to ensure computational effi-ciency and numerical stability.Experimental results show that the proposed model achieves prediction errors lower than 3%for temperature and critical response.Com-pared to existing methods,it achieves a superior balance between accuracy and efficiency,with RBDO solution time under two hours.The proposed approach demonstrates strong engineering applicability and extensibility,offering an effective tool for safety-oriented structural optimiza-tion of lithium-ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Excellent Young Scholars(Grant No.52422507)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52305256,52275244)+1 种基金Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(Grant No.GZC20230661)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2024T170211,2023M740970)。
摘要Time-dependent reliability-based design optimization(TRBDO)has received extensive attention because of its ability to achieve optimal solutions that help meet the requirement for whole lifecycle reliability by quantitatively considering dynamic uncertainties.However,directly solving TRBDO problems is computationally expensive,if not prohibitive,owing to the need to repeatedly evaluate time-dependent probabilistic constraints.To address this challenge,an efficient decoupled method called sequential optimization and time-dependent reliability assessment(SOTRA)is proposed in this study.This method transforms the original TRBDO problem,initially formulated probabilistically,into a problem using percentile formulation after discretizing time-dependent performance functions.By adopting the equivalent minimum performance target point(EMPTP)concept,the TRBDO problem is further converted into an equivalent deterministic optimization problem,which is subsequently solved through a sequential iteration process involving deterministic optimization and time-dependent reliability analysis.To efficiently and robustly search an EMPTP for reliability analysis,a time-dependent self-adaptive finite-step length method is developed.To verify the proposed SOTRA method against existing TRBDO methods,a numerical example,a benchmark structural design case of a simply supported beam,and an engineering application for flexible wheel design are exemplified in this study.The results demonstrate that the proposed SOTRA method exhibits high efficiency and robustness in solving TRBDO problems.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Project from the Minister of Science and Technology(2024YFA1211500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62304130,62405158 and 62574123)+1 种基金the Shanghai youth science and technology star project(24QA2702800)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chips and Systems for Intelligent Connected Vehicle。
摘要Memristors have emerged as a transformative technology in the realm of electronic devices,offering unique advantages such as fast switching speeds,low power consumption,and the ability to sensor-memory-compute.The applications span across non-volatile memory,neuromorphic computing,hardware security,and beyond,prompting memristors to become a versatile solution for next-generation computing and data storage systems.Despite enormous potential of memristors,the transition from laboratory prototypes to large-scale applications is challenging in terms of material stability,device reproducibility,and array scalability.This review systematically explores recent advancements in high-performance memristor technologies,focusing on performance enhancement strategies through material engineering,structural design,pulse protocol optimization,and algorithm control.We provide an in-depth analysis of key performance metrics tailored to specific applications,including non-volatile memory,neuromorphic computing,and hardware security.Furthermore,we propose a co-design framework that integrates device-level optimizations with operational-level improvements,aiming to bridge the gap between theoretical models and practical implementations.
基金supported by Supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for High-Level Talents of Zhoukou Normal University(ZKNUC2024018).
摘要Energy shortage has become one of themost concerning issues in the world today,and improving energy utilization efficiency is a key area of research for experts and scholars worldwide.Small-diameter heat exchangers offer advantages such as reduced material usage,lower refrigerant charge,and compact structure.However,they also face challenges,including increased refrigerant pressure drop and smaller heat transfer area inside the tubes.This paper combines the advantages and disadvantages of both small and large-diameter tubes and proposes a combined-diameter heat exchanger,consisting of large and small diameters,for use in the indoor units of split-type air conditioners.There are relatively few studies in this area.In this paper,A theoretical and numerical computation method is employed to establish a theoretical-numerical calculation model,and its reliability is verified through experiments.Using this model,the optimal combined diameters and flow path design for a combined-diameter heat exchanger using R32 as the working fluid are derived.The results show that the heat transfer performance of all combined diameter configurations improves by 2.79%to 8.26%compared to the baseline design,with the coefficient of performance(COP)increasing from 4.15 to 4.27~4.5.These designs can save copper material,but at the cost of an increase in pressure drop by 66.86%to 131.84%.The scheme IIIH,using R32,is the optimal combined-diameter and flow path configuration that balances both heat transfer performance and economic cost.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52571307)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(Grant No.23JCZDJC01150).
摘要The utilization of marine resources has become a strategic priority of global significance.Offshore platforms and offshore wind turbines are critical components of offshore energy development systems.To address the complexity,randomness,and uncertainty inherent in the marine environment and to ensure the safety of offshore installations during service,structural analysis and optimization of their foundations are essential.Jacket foundations,which provide high rigidity and stability,are suitable for shallow water and have emerged as the preferred foundation type for deepwater offshore installations.This study systematically reviews recent advances in theoretical modeling,numerical simulation,and experimental validation of structural response analyses and optimization methodologies for jacket foundations under complex marine conditions.Driven by diverse engineering requirements,researchers have proposed various structural optimization strategies.Existing efforts have primarily focused on structural topology,lightweight design,and performance-based optimization.Furthermore,this review identifies key technical challenges and outlines future research directions for optimizing offshore jacket foundations in ocean engineering.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12372O15 and U23A2066)the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12421002)。
摘要A methodology is proposed to enhance the buckling and parametric excitation stability of fluid-conveying pipes by designing their natural frequencies.As a direct indicator of structural stiffness with respect to deformation,which is intrinsically related to the overall structural stability,the natural frequency is adopted as the primary design criterion for enhancing system stability.Based on the generalized Hamilton's principle,the governing equation for a multi-restrained pipe system is derived.The analysis reveals that,the natural frequencies can be maximized by appropriately selecting the constraint locations,which induces the best buckling stability.Although increasing the flow velocity generally reduces the natural frequency,the optimal constraint location remains relatively unchanged,eventually approaching the location of the maximal critical flow speed,beyond which the pipe loses its static stability.Furthermore,the proposed method introduces additional nodes into the natural mode shape,indicating that a higher energy threshold is required to trigger the resonance.Consequently,the parametric resonance under pulsating flow conditions becomes more difficult to initiate.Meanwhile,with the frequency design,the pipe can prevent the occurrence of parametric resonance with smaller critical damping.Compared with other approaches aimed at enhancing the stability of fluid-conveying pipe systems,the proposed method offers greater practicality for engineering applications,as it only requires adjusting the constraint locations and the optimal location is insensitive to the flow speed.
摘要Natural gas,as a fossil energy source,possesses abundant reserves in nature.It is cleaner and more environmentally benign compared to coal and crude oil.Converting natural gas via catalytic routes into more valuable chemicals,such as benzene and methanol,can both reduce the transportation costs of natural gas and increase the supply of commodity chemicals.It also serves as a significant supplement to the current petrochemical industry,holding broad application prospects.The aromatization reaction of methane is a critical technique in the methane conversion pathway,in which aromatics like benzene,toluene,and naphthalene can be produced via high-temperature dehydrogenation.Such a process has drawn significant research attention over the past three decades.This paper attempts to provide a detailed introduction to the development of research on this reaction.By examining various aspects including reaction thermodynamics,catalyst composition,reaction intermediates/mechanism,coke properties,anti-coking measures and process intensification,it aims to offer readers a comprehensive understanding of this reaction.Additionally,by discussing the co-aromatization of methane with higher hydrocarbons like propane,it tries to expand the cognitive boundaries related to methane aromatization reactions,thereby tending to offer deeper insights into the aromatization process of feedstock with compositions similar to real natural gas.In the end,the current research status in the field of methane aromatization is summarized,and future research directions are outlined as well.
摘要Circumlunar abort trajectories constitute a vital contingency return strategy during the translunar phase of crewed lunar missions.This paper proposes a methodology for constructing the solution set of the circumlunar abort trajectory and leverages its advantageous properties to address the optimization design problem of abort trajectories.Initially,a solution set of all feasible abort trajectories,originating from an abort point on the nominal trajectory and complying with fundamental reentry constraints,is formulated through the introduction of two novel design parameters.Subsequently,the geometric characteristics of the solution set,as well as the distributional properties of key iterative constraint responses,including flight time and velocity increment,are analyzed.Finally,the characteristics exhibited in the solution set are employed to directly identify the design parameters of the abort trajectories with minimum flight time and velocity increment,thereby providing solutions to two distinct types of optimization problems.The simulation results for a variety of nominal trajectories,encompassing the reconstruction and redesign of the Apollo13 abort trajectory,validate the proposed method,demonstrating its ability to directly generate optimal abort trajectories.The method proposed in this paper investigates feasible abort trajectories from a global perspective,providing both a framework and convenience for mission planning and iterative optimization in abort trajectory design.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52435007)。
摘要With the growing demand for lightweight and high-performance components in automotive and aerospace industries,aluminum alloy die-castings are evolving toward larger dimensions and thinner walls,posing significant challenges to thermal management during solidification.Traditional cooling channel designs often fail to ensure uniform temperature distribution,leading to defects such as shrinkage porosity and deformation.This study proposes an automated design framework integrating the moving morphable components(MMC)topology optimization method with particle swarm optimization(PSO)to generate efficient and manufacturable cooling channel layouts for A380 aluminum alloys.Firstly,a systematic initialization strategy was developed with component dimensions of 4-10 mm in width and 15-40 mm in length,along with discrete orientation angles.The optimization process effectively guided components toward high-temperature regions identified through numerical simulation,followed by post-processing operations including temperature-based sorting,overlap removal,and component interconnection.The final design with 20 retained components was selected.Then,castings with a conventional cooling system and without any cooling system were employed as benchmark cases for comparison with the current optimized design.Compared with the conventional and no-cooling cases,the current cooling system exhibits a consistently lower temperature standard deviation after 30 s,maintains superior thermal uniformity throughout solidification,and achieves this improvement without comprising the average temperature.
基金the financial support provided by the Foundation for Cultivated Young Talents of Fujian Province,China(No.KJBX25090A).
摘要Self-centering rocking bridge piers,characterized by their minimal residual deformation and rapid postseismic recovery,have emerged as a promising solution for enhancing the seismic resilience of bridge systems.However,their inherently nonlinear behavior and pronounced sensitivity to multiple interdependent design parameters make it challenging to achieve balanced seismic performance among all piers within an integrated bridge system.This work develops a system-oriented optimization framework for self-centering rocking bridges to address this issue.The proposed framework integrates machine learning-based surrogate modeling to markedly accelerate the optimization process.A detailed case study of a four-span self-centering rocking bridge is conducted to demonstrate the framework’s applicability and effectiveness.Results show that substituting traditional finite element model with an XGBoost-based surrogate model reduces computational time by 92%while preserving high predictive accuracy.Furthermore,the optimized design significantly enhances system-level performance uniformity,achieving a 52.3%reduction in inter-pier shear force variability and a 19.0%decrease in displacement disparity compared with the baseline configuration.
基金supported by Senior Personnel Scientific Research Foundation of Jiangsu University(No.15JDG073)the Open Research Subject of Key La-boratory(Research Base)of Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery,Ministry of Education(No.szjj2016-065)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
摘要Slurry transport is a critical multiphase-flow process in mining,metallurgy,and dredging applications,where hydraulic efficiency,particle-induced wear,cavitation erosion,and structural vibration are strongly coupled.This topic-focused review synthesizes recent advances in centrifugal slurry pump design optimization from the perspectives of wear-resistant surface engineering,hydraulic design,structural dynamics,intelligent optimization algorithms,and multiphysics simulation.Unlike earlier reviews that primarily addressed hydraulic performance,erosion wear,flow visualization,or numerical modeling in isolation,the present work adopts a lifecycle-oriented perspective.Representative studies are critically evaluated according to reported efficiency improvements,wearrate and material-loss reduction,cavitation and net-positive-suction-head-related performance changes,validation strategies,uncertainty sources,and practical engineering feasibility.Particular attention is devoted to the integration of computational fluid dynamics with the discrete element method,fluid-structure interaction,cavitation-erosion coupling,particle-size effects,surrogate-assisted optimization,and digital-twin-enabled monitoring frameworks.The reviewed literature indicates that high-fidelity simulations and intelligent algorithms have significantly enhanced design exploration and predictive capability.However,their large-scale engineering deployment remains limited by challenges associated with model validation,data availability,computational cost,interpretability,and generalization under variable slurry conditions.Finally,digital-twin-enabled lifecycle optimization is discussed as a promising conceptual pathway rather than a fully validated industrial solution,highlighting the need for reduced-order modeling,robust sensing strategies,uncertainty-aware data assimilation,and staged experimental validation to support reliable real-world implementation.
基金supported by the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 51490662)the Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists of Hunan Province (Grant 14JJ1016)+1 种基金the State Key Program of the National Science Foundation of China (11232004)the Heavy-duty Tractor Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Research and System Development (Grant 2016YFD0701105)
摘要Use of multidisciplinary analysis in reliabilitybased design optimization(RBDO) results in the emergence of the important method of reliability-based multidisciplinary design optimization(RBMDO). To enhance the efficiency and convergence of the overall solution process,a decoupling algorithm for RBMDO is proposed herein.Firstly, to decouple the multidisciplinary analysis using the individual disciplinary feasible(IDF) approach, the RBMDO is converted into a conventional form of RBDO. Secondly,the incremental shifting vector(ISV) strategy is adopted to decouple the nested optimization of RBDO into a sequential iteration process composed of design optimization and reliability analysis, thereby improving the efficiency significantly. Finally, the proposed RBMDO method is applied to the design of two actual electronic products: an aerial camera and a car pad. For these two applications, two RBMDO models are created, each containing several finite element models(FEMs) and relatively strong coupling between the involved disciplines. The computational results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金supported by the Defense Industrial Technology Development Program (Grant Nos.A2120110001 and B2120110011)111 Project (Grant No.B07009)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11002013,90816024 and 10876100)
摘要We review recent research activities on structural reliability analysis,reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) and applications in complex engineering structural design.Several novel uncertainty propagation methods and reliability models,which are the basis of the reliability assessment,are given.In addition,recent developments on reliability evaluation and sensitivity analysis are highlighted as well as implementation strategies for RBDO.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12072104)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC0406703)。
摘要An efficient reliability-based design optimization method for the support structures of monopile offshore wind turbines is proposed herein.First,parametric finite element analysis(FEA)models of the support structure are established by considering stochastic variables.Subsequently,a surrogate model is constructed using a radial basis function(RBF)neural network to replace the time-consuming FEA.The uncertainties of loads,material properties,key sizes of structural components,and soil properties are considered.The uncertainty of soil properties is characterized by the variabilities of the unit weight,friction angle,and elastic modulus of soil.Structure reliability is determined via Monte Carlo simulation,and five limit states are considered,i.e.,structural stresses,tower top displacements,mudline rotation,buckling,and natural frequency.Based on the RBF surrogate model and particle swarm optimization algorithm,an optimal design is established to minimize the volume.Results show that the proposed method can yield an optimal design that satisfies the target reliability and that the constructed RBF surrogate model significantly improves the optimization efficiency.Furthermore,the uncertainty of soil parameters significantly affects the optimization results,and increasing the monopile diameter is a cost-effective approach to cope with the uncertainty of soil parameters.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.51921006 and 51725801Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.FRFCU5710093320Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program。
摘要Reinforcement corrosion is the main cause of performance deterioration of reinforced concrete(RC)structures.Limited research has been performed to investigate the life-cycle cost(LCC)of coastal bridge piers with nonuniform corrosion using different materials.In this study,a reliability-based design optimization(RBDO)procedure is improved for the design of coastal bridge piers using six groups of commonly used materials,i.e.,normal performance concrete(NPC)with black steel(BS)rebar,high strength steel(HSS)rebar,epoxy coated(EC)rebar,and stainless steel(SS)rebar(named NPC-BS,NPC-HSS,NPC-EC,and NPC-SS,respectively),NPC with BS with silane soakage on the pier surface(named NPC-Silane),and high-performance concrete(HPC)with BS rebar(named HPC-BS).First,the RBDO procedure is improved for the design optimization of coastal bridge piers,and a bridge is selected to illustrate the procedure.Then,reliability analysis of the pier designed with each group of materials is carried out to obtain the time-dependent reliability in terms of the ultimate and serviceability performances.Next,the repair time of the pier is predicted based on the time-dependent reliability indices.Finally,the time-dependent LCCs for the pier are obtained for the selection of the optimal design.