The Editors of Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction wish to thank all reviewers listed below,as well as any others whose names may have been inadvertently omitted,for contributing their time and expertise in reviewin...The Editors of Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction wish to thank all reviewers listed below,as well as any others whose names may have been inadvertently omitted,for contributing their time and expertise in reviewing manuscripts submitted to the journal in 2025.Their efforts have greatly contributed to the continued growth and quality of the journal.Here we acknowledge,with special thanks,to those who reviewed one or more papers during the year.Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the list;we apologize for any errors or omissions.展开更多
Background:Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is increasingly recognized for its holistic approach and effectiveness.Integrated medicine,emphasizing collaboration between TCM and Western medicine(WM),is promoted globall...Background:Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is increasingly recognized for its holistic approach and effectiveness.Integrated medicine,emphasizing collaboration between TCM and Western medicine(WM),is promoted globally to enhance healthcare delivery.However,the roles and responsibilities of TCM practitioners in predominantly Western medical settings are underexplored,potentially hindering their engagement in interprofessional collaboration.Objective:This scoping review investigated the roles and responsibilities of TCM practitioners and identified facilitators and barriers to TCM integration in Western medical contexts.Search strategy:We conducted a scoping review using data from eleven Chinese and English databases,including Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health,MEDLINE,Pub Med,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Psyc INFO,China National Knowledge Infrastructure.Wanfang,Chinese Scientific Journal Database,and the Chinese Science Citation Database.Inclusion criteria:Eligibility was limited to studies on TCM practitioners in interdisciplinary teams with Western professionals,published in Chinese or English,while excluding articles that lacked documentation of TCM involvement,or focused exclusively on TCM practices.Data extraction and analysis:Thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke's six-step framework was used to summarize data on the roles of TCM and TCM practitioners,and factors that facilitate and hinder the integration of TCM and WM.Results:Our systematic search yielded 31 relevant papers.We identified eight key roles of TCM practitioners:mitigating WM-induced side effects,facilitating WM tapering and prevention,attenuating disease progression,improving mental health,providing pain relief,supporting stroke rehabilitation,managing symptoms,and regulating the immune system.TCM practitioners fulfill these roles through accurate diagnosis,prescription,and collaborative care while also serving as educators.Five facilitators for TCM integration were identified:safety,recognition,policy support,accessibility,and treatment guidelines.Barriers included:safety concerns,lack of research,insufficient TCM knowledge among WM practitioners,attitudinal barriers,limited access,and inconvenience.Conclusion:Our review highlights the potential of TCM to enrich interdisciplinary teams in Western medical settings.Although there are successful integration models,significant barriers persist,including cost disparities and insufficient research.To achieve seamless integration,a multi-faceted approach that includes research collaboration,equitable policies,enhanced interprofessional education,and efforts to shift societal perceptions is essential.展开更多
Purpose:Since peer review for funding decisions is crucial to the scientific system,we direct the reader towards new ideas related to research funding and the associated peer review process.Design/methodology/approach...Purpose:Since peer review for funding decisions is crucial to the scientific system,we direct the reader towards new ideas related to research funding and the associated peer review process.Design/methodology/approach:We describe the overall structure of the funding review system and explore the expectations of its various key stakeholders.An examination of testing across the review processes of different funding agencies revealed several issues in the current system.We then summarize the efforts to explore potential solutions.Before concluding,we also discuss recent initiatives,including partial lottery mechanisms,distributed peer review,and methods for identifying originality in proposals by examining areas of non-consensus among reviewers and applicants.Findings:It is difficult to test whether the funding peer review system functions as expected.Moreover,when the peer-review process was replicated across different review groups,the inter-rater problem,where two or more well-intentioned reviewers reached divergent conclusions,was found to be widespread in funding evaluations.At its core,this issue stems from substantive disagreements among reviewers,which can introduce bias into the process.As a result,organizing a peer-review system that is fair,valid,and reliable for funding decisions is particularly challenging.The contemporary organization of the funding review system does not guarantee that it can fulfill its purpose.Consequently,scientists are looking to substantiate funding decisions with more scientific evidence.Some new initiatives have been proposed,which are either more interactive with a strictly organized procedure or are more random(or stochastic),leading to less bias.Research limitations:For practical reasons,we were not able to discuss all,or at least the main,funders in the world.Practical implications:Considering the various steps in peer review procedures for funding decisions may inspire the readers to suggest improvements to the existing system,resulting in reduced bias and greater equality among scientists.Originality/value:Our work contributes to understanding peer review in funding contexts and to exploring possible reforms aimed at improving the existing system.展开更多
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are widely regarded as primary drivers of aging and are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases.The degeneration of motor neurons during aging is a critical pa...Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are widely regarded as primary drivers of aging and are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases.The degeneration of motor neurons during aging is a critical pathological factor contributing to the progression of sarcopenia.However,the morphological and functional changes in mitochondria and their interplay in the degeneration of the neuromuscular junction during aging remain poorly understood.A defined systematic search of the Pub Med,Web of Science and Embase databases(last accessed on October 30,2024)was conducted with search terms including'mitochondria','aging'and'NMJ'.Clinical and preclinical studies of mitochondrial dysfunction and neuromuscular junction degeneration during aging.Twentyseven studies were included in this systematic review.This systematic review provides a summary of morphological,functional and biological changes in neuromuscular junction,mitochondrial morphology,biosynthesis,respiratory chain function,and mitophagy during aging.We focus on the interactions and mechanisms underlying the relationship between mitochondria and neuromuscular junctions during aging.Aging is characterized by significant reductions in mitochondrial fusion/fission cycles,biosynthesis,and mitochondrial quality control,which may lead to neuromuscular junction dysfunction,denervation and poor physical performance.Motor nerve terminals that exhibit redox sensitivity are among the first to exhibit abnormalities,ultimately leading to an early decline in muscle strength through impaired neuromuscular junction transmission function.Parg coactivator 1 alpha is a crucial molecule that regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and modulates various pathways,including the mitochondrial respiratory chain,energy deficiency,oxidative stress,and inflammation.Mitochondrial dysfunction is correlated with neuromuscular junction denervation and acetylcholine receptor fragmentation,resulting in muscle atrophy and a decrease in strength during aging.Physical therapy,pharmacotherapy,and gene therapy can alleviate the structural degeneration and functional deterioration of neuromuscular junction by restoring mitochondrial function.Therefore,mitochondria are considered potential targets for preserving neuromuscular junction morphology and function during aging to treat sarcopenia.展开更多
Gas sensors are valuable tools for human applications,and extensive research has been conducted in this field.However,practical implementation has yet to be fully realized.In response,efforts have been made to explore...Gas sensors are valuable tools for human applications,and extensive research has been conducted in this field.However,practical implementation has yet to be fully realized.In response,efforts have been made to explore metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),a novel class of porous materials,as potential solutions.MOFs exhibit exceptional porosity and highly tunable chemical compositions and structures,giving rise to a wide range of unique physical and chemical properties.Significant progress has been achieved in developing MOF-based gas sensors,improving sensing performance for various gases.This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of MOF-based gas sensors,even for readers unfamiliar with MOFs and gas sensors.It covers the working principles of these sensors,fundamental concepts of MOFs,strategies for tuning MOF properties,fabrication techniques for MOF films,and recent studies on MOF and MOF-derivative gas sensors.Finally,current challenges,overlooked aspects,and future directions for fully exploiting the potential of MOFs in gas sensor development are discussed.展开更多
Objective To systemically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion for chronic eczema,and to provide evidence for acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of chronic eczema.Methods Rand...Objective To systemically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion for chronic eczema,and to provide evidence for acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of chronic eczema.Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were retrieved from PubMed,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP database,Wanfang database and China Biology Medicine disc(CBM),from the inception of the database to April 23,2025.The control group were sham acupuncture and moxibustion,no treatment,or conventional western medication.The intervention group were acupuncture and moxibustion therapy or acupuncture and moxibustion on the basis of the interventions as the control group.Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan5.4.0 software according to Cochrane systematic evaluation method.Results Ultimately,53 RCTs were included.The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared with sham acupuncture and moxibustion,no treatment,or conventional western medication,acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for eczema area and severity index(EASI)score(mean difference[MD]=−2.23,95%confidence interval[CI]−2.61 to−1.85;P<0.00001),visual analogue scale(VAS)score(standardized mean difference[SMD]=−1.45,95%CI−2.04 to−0.87;P<0.00001),dermatology life quality index(DLQI)score(MD=−2.36,95%CI−3.25 to−1.48;P<0.00001),immunoglobulin E(IgE)(SMD=−1.26,95%CI−2.46 to−0.05;P=0.04),the overall response rate(odds ratio[OR]=4.58,95%CI 3.84 to 5.46;P<0.00001)and the recurrence rate(OR=0.14,95%CI 0.09 to 0.21;P<0.00001)were all better than those in the control group,and there were no severe adverse events reported.Conclusion Acupuncture and moxibustion can reduce the lesion area and severity of the patients with chronic eczema,effectively alleviate pruritus,improve the quality of life and decrease serum IgE.This therapy owns high overall response rate with low recurrence rate,and without severe adverse events,which is associated with a favorable long-term prognosis.展开更多
Male infertility poses a substantial healthcare challenge and severely impacts the lives of patients.We aimed to investigate the risk factors for infertility and abnormal semen parameters.We conducted a comprehensive ...Male infertility poses a substantial healthcare challenge and severely impacts the lives of patients.We aimed to investigate the risk factors for infertility and abnormal semen parameters.We conducted a comprehensive search of the articles published in Web of Science,MEDLINE,and Embase databases from January 2000 to February 2025.Infertility,semen volume,sperm concentration,sperm count,sperm morphology,sperm motility,and sperm progressive motility were used as endpoints to evaluate the relevance of risk factors.A total of 43 studies were included,covering 67 risk factors associated with infertility and abnormal sperm parameters.A total of 249 effect sizes were scored individually using the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)tool,of which 136(54.6%)were classified as“very low”,59(23.7%)as“low”,and 54(21.7%)as“moderate”.Suffering from type 1 diabetes,metabolic syndrome,hyperthyroidism,systemic lupus erythematosus,chronic prostatitis,and leukocytospermia may increase the risk of abnormal semen parameters.Poor lifestyle habits(obesity,sleep disorders,and smoking),exposure to pollutants and various compounds(carbon disulfide,organophosphates,and lead),the use of medications(sulfasalazine,mesalazine,and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors),and even some viral infections(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,human papillomavirus,and hepatitis viruses)were associated with decreased semen quality.Regular physical exercise,nut consumption,and adherence to a healthy dietary pattern may reverse this process.An increasing number of factors are associated with infertility;however,some of the aforementioned studies lack verification of causal relationships.Future studies need to be well designed to further confirm these relationships.展开更多
Shallow mineral resources are gradually depleting worldwide,therefore,deep mining is becoming increasingly prevalent within the mining industry.Drilling and blasting are the predominant excavation methods used in deep...Shallow mineral resources are gradually depleting worldwide,therefore,deep mining is becoming increasingly prevalent within the mining industry.Drilling and blasting are the predominant excavation methods used in deep environments.However,challenges such as inefficient borehole utilization and significant over-or under-excavation are frequently encountered.Scientific investigations on deep rock mass blasting are crucial for the effective development and utilization of deep resources,underpinning safe and efficient deep mine operations.This paper identifies the challenges faced in deep rock mass blasting and presents a review of the current research,primarily from the perspective of Chinese institutions and their experiences,integrating theoretical and technical perspectives through a bibliometric analysis.First,key developmental trends and prominent research teams were identified in the context of this review.Subsequently,three principal areas of theoretical research are analyzed and summarized:blasting stress field evolution,crack propagation behavior,and vibrational response characteristics under in-situ stress conditions.The application and optimization of cut and perimeter blasting techniques for deep rock masses were also examined.Finally,drawing upon existing research,this study explores three key future directions:prediction of blasting effects,utilization of unloading stress waves for cooperative rock fragmentation,and optimization of production blasting in deep metal mines.This review aims to provide a systematic framework for future research in the field of deep rock mass blasting.展开更多
Objective:Current research highlights periodontal disease as a systemic inflammatory condition that may influence extra-oral diseases such as prostatic diseases,which prompted us to explore the potential association.T...Objective:Current research highlights periodontal disease as a systemic inflammatory condition that may influence extra-oral diseases such as prostatic diseases,which prompted us to explore the potential association.To evaluate whether periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk of prostatic disease,including prostate cancer,benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH),and prostatitis.Methods:A systematic search of observational studies concerning the relationship between periodontal disease and prostatic disease was performed in online databases PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus,CENTRAL,CNKI,and WanFang.Searches were conducted from database inception to 31 July 2025.Pooled hazard ratio(HR)or odds ratio(OR)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were synthesized.Subgroup analysis was used to detect the origin of heterogeneity,sensitivity analysis was employed to evaluate the robustness of the results,and publication bias analyses were also performed.R software was used to perform statistical analyses.Results:Sixteen studies that met the preset criteria were included in this study.In the pooled analysis,periodontal disease was associated with increased risk of prostate cancer(HR=1.23,95%CI:1.16-1.29,p<0.001)or BPH(OR=1.55,95%CI:1.41-1.70,p<0.001).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results.No obvious publication biaswas found in the meta-analysis.Only one cohort study reported that chronic periodontitis increases the risk of prostatitis(HR=2.521,95%CI:1.685-4.005,p<0.001).The effect of periodontal treatment on prostatic disease is still unclear.Conclusions:The systematic review and meta-analysis identified an observational association between periodontal disease and increased risks of prostate cancer and BPH.Because all included studies were observational,these results indicate association rather than causation,and further prospective and mechanistic studies are required to clarify temporality and causality.展开更多
Research in human‑robot Interaction(HRI)has increasingly demonstrated how Augmented Reality(AR)enables better interactions between humans and robots.However,the design of HRI remains less understood.Through a systemat...Research in human‑robot Interaction(HRI)has increasingly demonstrated how Augmented Reality(AR)enables better interactions between humans and robots.However,the design of HRI remains less understood.Through a systematic literature review of 53 related papers,this research provides an overview of the emerging applications and trends for AR and identifies three types of AR interfaces as follows:1)remote modular interface,2)proximal modular interface,and 3)proximal integral interface.The review indicates potential future directions of construction‑oriented and human‑centric interaction design studies,leading to four pairs of subsystems,which are frequently modularised or integrated,and three conceptual frameworks for HRI interfaces are proposed.Moreover,this research contributes to the theoretical exploration of interaction design.Future applications can adapt to various tasks by using the proposed three conceptual frameworks for interfaces,as well as combining the four proposed subsystem pairs to suit specific task requirements in the construction sector.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)accounts for second place of new cases in China.Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)is widely used as an integrative treatment for CRC.However,evidence on the efficacy of CHM for CRC remains u...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)accounts for second place of new cases in China.Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)is widely used as an integrative treatment for CRC.However,evidence on the efficacy of CHM for CRC remains unclear.AIM To evaluate quality of previous systematic reviews(SRs)and summarise evidence on CHM treatment for CRC.METHODS All available online academic databases were systematically searched from the time of their foundation to October 2025,and eligible systematic reviews investigating therapeutic effectiveness and safety of CHM in the treatment of CRC patients were incorporated into this study.Their reporting,methodological and evidence quality were evaluated using the PRISMA,AMSTAR-2,and GRADE.RESULTS Ninety-seven SRs were included in this study.Thirty of the included SRs were assessed as high in reporting quality,67 as moderate;12 SRs were assessed as moderate in methodological quality,27 as low quality,58 as critically low quality.Seven pieces of evidence assessed as moderate quality by GRADE approach,40 as low quality,and 46 as very low quality.Moderate-quality evidence showed that orally administered CHM plus XELOX increased the objective response rate(ORR)by 44%.Compound Kushen Injection plus FOLFOX increased ORR by 26%and Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)improvement rate by 24%.Aidi Injection plus FOLFOX4 chemotherapy increased ORR by 22%,disease control rate by 10%and KPS improvement rate by 30%.CONCLUSION Orally administered CHM and CHM injections combined with chemotherapy have promising effects on tumor response and performance status of patients with advanced CRC.展开更多
The improper handling of outliers in the analysis of variance(ANOVA)presents a persistent challenge in forestry research,which may lead to biased results,inflated Type I error rates,and obscured scientific signals.The...The improper handling of outliers in the analysis of variance(ANOVA)presents a persistent challenge in forestry research,which may lead to biased results,inflated Type I error rates,and obscured scientific signals.The current practice is often an ad hoc method,potentially driven by a need to achieve statistical significance rather than principled scientific reasoning.This Editorial paper addresses this systemic issue by proposing a structured,step-by-step framework for the diagnosis and management of outliers.The framework guides researchers to first investigate the cause of an outlier(data error,measurement error,or genuine extreme value),then statistically assess its impact on ANOVA results and assumptions,and finally,make a transparent decision on its treatment.We strongly advise against the statistically problematic practice of replacing outliers with the mean of other replicates,as it violates data integrity and obscures true variability.Instead,we recommend robust alternatives,including data transformation,non-parametric tests,or the use of trimmed means.This approach aims to uphold statistical robustness and scientific integrity,thereby improving the rigor of forestry research and its publications.展开更多
Background:Artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted threedimensional(3D)surgical platforms,integrated with augmented reality,have the potential to improve intraoperative anatomical recognition and provide surgeons with an...Background:Artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted threedimensional(3D)surgical platforms,integrated with augmented reality,have the potential to improve intraoperative anatomical recognition and provide surgeons with an immersive,dynamic operating environment during urooncological procedures.This review aims to examine the current applications of AI in robotic uro-oncology,with a particular focus on its role in facilitating intraoperative navigation during complex surgeries.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed across PubMed,the National Library of Medicine,MEDLINE,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL),ClinicalTrials.gov,and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies published up to July 2025.The search strategy incorporated a predefined set of keywords,including AI,machine learning,radical prostatectomy(RP),robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP),robotassisted partial nephrectomy(RAPN),and robot-assisted radical cystectomy(RARC).Only clinical trials,full-text peer-reviewed publications,and original research articles were included.Studies were eligible for inclusion if they evaluated or described applications of AI in RARP,RAPN,or RARC.Results:Technological advancements have substantially transformed the field of uro-oncologic surgery.In particular,AI and AI-assisted intraoperative navigation in RARP demonstrate considerable potential to objectively assess surgical performance and predict clinical outcomes.In RAPN,the adoption of preoperative,interactive 3D virtualmodels for surgical planning has influenced surgical decisions,thus,enhanced precision in resection planning correlates with superior nephron-sparing outcomes and optimized selective clamping.AI applications in RARC,techniques such as augmented reality(AR)can overlay critical information on the surgical field,by facilitating navigation through complex anatomical planes and enhancing identification of critical structures.Conclusion:AI appears to enhance robotic uro-oncologic procedures by increasing operative precision and supporting individualised surgical treatment strategies.展开更多
The year 2025 marked a significantmilestone for Laparoscopic,Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery(LERS)—we have awarded our first Impact Factor of 2.0 released by the Journal Citation Reports from Clarivate Analytics,which...The year 2025 marked a significantmilestone for Laparoscopic,Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery(LERS)—we have awarded our first Impact Factor of 2.0 released by the Journal Citation Reports from Clarivate Analytics,which ranks in the second quartile in the surgery category.This remarkable achievement,which reflects LERS’s steadily increasing influencein the area of surgery,would not be possible without the peer reviewer’s invaluable contributions.On behalf of the Editorial Board and Editorial Office,we would express our sincere appreciation to the following reviewers,who reviewed at least one paper with rigorous and insightful comments.We sincerely hope to engage further with them,either as esteemed reviewers or outstanding authors,in 2026 and beyond.展开更多
Background:The mobility of people in rural areas may lead to more and more left-behind children(LBC)appearing,and being an LBC brings a lot of risks to mental health,which could greatly hinder children’s development ...Background:The mobility of people in rural areas may lead to more and more left-behind children(LBC)appearing,and being an LBC brings a lot of risks to mental health,which could greatly hinder children’s development and undermine their happiness and safety in life.Previous scholars have conducted plenty of studies that focused on Chinese rural LBCs’mental health issues,such as what they exactly look like and some potential factors,but there remains a paucity of reviews about the relationship among certain mental health issues.We will try to figure out how the most common mental health issues of LBC in China’s rural areas correlate with each other,as well as their related factors.Methods:In this study,we used a systematic review approach to analyze 35 publications from Web of Science and EBSCO(to August 2025),followed by the sorting standards of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)2020.Results:By mainly using quantitative techniques,we found that Chinese rural LBC are more likely to have mental health issues than children who have no experience of being left behind,and they often suffer from depression,social anxiety,internet addiction,and suicidal ideation.These four mental health issues share influencing factors and positively correlate with each other.We also found that Chinese rural LBCs are somewhat resilient towards the risk factors of mental health issues,and national or social policies and interventions can really help them a lot.Conclusion:For Chinese rural LBC,there are important relationships among the common psychological disorders they often suffer,along with multiple factors that affect their mental health,which can help related scholars and practitioners pay attention to such mechanisms and think more comprehensively when they try to help the children who are left behind.展开更多
Background Early cerebrovascular events(CVEs)following transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)are severe complications,but effective methods for predicting and preventing these events have not been well establish...Background Early cerebrovascular events(CVEs)following transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)are severe complications,but effective methods for predicting and preventing these events have not been well established.A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to identify significant predictors of early CVEs post-TAVR.Methods MEDLINE/Embase databases were searched for articles published between December 2015 and April 2023.Original studies evaluating predictors of CVEs within 30 days post-TAVR after adjusting for confounders were included.Two investigators independently extracted data following the PRISMA statement.Meta-analyses of multivariable data were performed using Der Simonian and Laird random-effects models,with results expressed as odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Robustness was assessed via Harbord's test,nonparametric trim-and-fill analysis,leave-one-out sensitivity analysis,the QUIPS quality assessment tools,meta-regression,and subgroup analyses.Results Among the 74 included studies,multivariate meta-analyses identified 11 predictors of early CVEs,including 9 patientlevel predictors-a CHA2DS2-VASc≥5,no prior heart failure,diabetes,isolated aortic stenosis,carotid artery stenosis,peripheral artery disease,advanced age,New York Heart Association class≥Ⅲ,and significant left ventricular outflow tract calcificationand 2 procedure-level predictors:the absence of cerebral embolization protection and post-dilation.Additionally,10 patient-level factors and 5 procedure-level factors were not associated with early CVEs,although significant heterogeneity was observed in most analyses.Conclusions This study identified multiple patient-level and procedure-level factors associated or not associated with early CVEs after TAVR.These findings support the development of a comprehensive risk prediction model that can accommodate diverse patient populations and evolving procedural techniques,thereby enhancing clinical risk management strategies.展开更多
Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma(PSP)was first reported by Liebow and Hubbell(1956).It was initially called pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma(PSH)because it was thought to be derived from endothelial cells with rich va...Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma(PSP)was first reported by Liebow and Hubbell(1956).It was initially called pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma(PSH)because it was thought to be derived from endothelial cells with rich vascularity.However,the 2015 World Health Organization Classification of Lung Tumors removed the term"sclerosing hemangioma,1 since these tumors lack vascular origin(Travis et al.2015),and the renamed tumor was considered a rare and benign lung tumor.However,several reports have described PSP with lymph node metastasis(Soo et al.,2017).Thus,PSP is not always benign and has the potential to metastasize.展开更多
BACKGROUND The health challenges of partial hepatectomy in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension(CSPH)have been a subject of study for decades.No metaanalysis has systematically evaluated the relati...BACKGROUND The health challenges of partial hepatectomy in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension(CSPH)have been a subject of study for decades.No metaanalysis has systematically evaluated the relationship between CSPH and posthepatectomy liver failure(PHLF),despite its potential role as a critical factor in surgical decision-making.This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the incidence of PHLF in patients with and without CSPH.AIM To include more recent studies and focus on short-term postoperative outcomes,particularly the association between CSPH and PHLF.Additionally,stratified analyses were also performed according to CSPH and PHLF assessment methods,study design,study period,surgical technique,and underlying liver diseases.METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in EMBASE,PubMed,MEDLINE,ScienceDirect,Elsevier,and Cochrane databases using combinations of the following terms:(“portal hypertension”OR“hypertension,portal”OR“portal hypertensions”)AND(“hepatectomy”OR“hepatectomies”OR“liver resection”)AND(“liver failure”OR“hepatic failure”OR“liver decompensation”).Studies published from January 1996 to April 2025,21 published studies were finally included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.The quality assessment was performed independently by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Odds ratios(OR)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)were calculated and compared using a random-effects model.Heterogeneity was assessed with theχ2 test,and the degree of inconsistency was measured using I2.A P value50%indicated substantial heterogeneity.Sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the robustness of the findings and to identify potential sources of bias.RESULTS A total of 6981 patients(1453 patients with CSPH and 5529 patients without CSPH)were finally included in this study.Compared with patients without CSPH,the incidences of PHLF increased in patients with CSPH(OR=3.14;95%CI:2.45-4.02;P<0.001).Subsequent subgroup analysis suggested that the diagnostic methods for CSPH is a potential interfering factor in PHLF,the OR was maximal in hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement groups(OR=15.61;95%CI:2.11-115.35;P=0.007).CONCLUSION The presence of CSPH should be considered as a significant risk factor,it still should be taken into account seriously prior to surgery and needs strict perioperative management.Meanwhile,different methods of diagnosing CSPH could influence PHLF.展开更多
BACKGROUND Adrenal metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma(AM-HCC)after liver transplantation(LT)is an infrequent entity,especially when it is the only site of recurrence.We present patients with these characteristics ...BACKGROUND Adrenal metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma(AM-HCC)after liver transplantation(LT)is an infrequent entity,especially when it is the only site of recurrence.We present patients with these characteristics and systematically review previously published cases.No systematic review adhering to PRISMA criteria has been previously performed.AIM To systematic review of isolated AM-HCC after LT.METHODS Adhering to PRISMA guidelines,we performed unrestricted search for AM-HCC after LT in several databases,with no language restriction,updated through December 31,2024.RESULTS We obtained 38 articles.Only 14 articles,comprising 20 patients,were evaluated,to which we added our own case.Fourteen were single-case reports,and one was a series of seven retrospective cases.The median age was 56.1 years[interquartile range(IQR):23-72].The gender distribution was predominantly male(84.6%).The indications for LT were hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)plus hepatitis B virus cirrhosis(11),hepatitis C virus(6),alcohol(3),and cryptogenic cirrhosis(1).The median HCC tumor size was 4.6 cm(IQR:3.8-13).One third of patients did not meet the Milan criteria.The median time between LT and the appearance of adrenal metastasis(AM)was 39.9 months(IQR:18-42.6).The AM was located on the left(11)and right side(10).Nineteen patients were treated with adrenalectomy,and two were treated with radiotherapy.After a median follow-up of 30 months,25%of patients were alive without recurrence.The median survival time was 29 months(IQR:24-38).CONCLUSION In the case of AM-HCC after LT,occurring as the solitary site of extrahepatic metastasis,adrenalectomy could be a therapeutic option for surgical candidates.It is safe,appears to increase survival,and reduces recurrence in selected patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different ...BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different factors.AIM To investigate the key determinants of aseptic loosening,we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library was conducted,encompassing studies from database inception to January 1,2025.Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with aseptic loosening following pTHA.Inclusion and exclusion criteria were systematically applied at each stage to ensure methodological transparency and reproducibility.Study quality was assessed using standardized categories.Pooled odds ratio(OR)with corresponding 95%confidence interval were calculated with random-or fixed-effects models to generate reliability estimates,and study heterogeneity was visualized using forest plots.Ten factors,categorized into patient-,surgeon-,and device-related domains,were reviewed and meta-analyzed.Funnel plot analysis demonstrated a relatively symmetrical distribution,suggesting minimal publication bias.RESULTS A meta-analysis of 20 studies(520789 participants)found a pooled prevalence of 1.96%.Significant risk factors for aseptic loosening after pTHA included elevated body mass index(OR=1.116,P<0.001),higher Charlson comorbidity index(OR=1.378,P<0.001),prosthesis-related factors(OR=1.497,P<0.001),and adverse lifestyles(OR=2.198,P=0.037).Protective factors were non-white race(OR=0.445,P<0.001)and favorable genetics(OR=0.723,P<0.001).Male sex increased risk(OR=1.232,P=0.016),while age and anatomy were not significant.Surgical expertise showed a slight protective effect(OR=1.048,P<0.001).A comprehensive understanding of the modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to aseptic loosening after pTHA requires consideration of patient-related factors,surgical expertise,and prosthesis characteristics.CONCLUSION The identification of these factors is critical for risk mitigation.High-risk patients should receive targeted counseling regarding individualized profiles.Further studies are warranted to establish clearer causal relationships and identify additional contributing factors.展开更多
摘要The Editors of Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction wish to thank all reviewers listed below,as well as any others whose names may have been inadvertently omitted,for contributing their time and expertise in reviewing manuscripts submitted to the journal in 2025.Their efforts have greatly contributed to the continued growth and quality of the journal.Here we acknowledge,with special thanks,to those who reviewed one or more papers during the year.Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the list;we apologize for any errors or omissions.
基金supported by the Chinese Medicine Development Fund-Industry Support Programme(K-ZB4P)。
摘要Background:Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is increasingly recognized for its holistic approach and effectiveness.Integrated medicine,emphasizing collaboration between TCM and Western medicine(WM),is promoted globally to enhance healthcare delivery.However,the roles and responsibilities of TCM practitioners in predominantly Western medical settings are underexplored,potentially hindering their engagement in interprofessional collaboration.Objective:This scoping review investigated the roles and responsibilities of TCM practitioners and identified facilitators and barriers to TCM integration in Western medical contexts.Search strategy:We conducted a scoping review using data from eleven Chinese and English databases,including Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health,MEDLINE,Pub Med,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Psyc INFO,China National Knowledge Infrastructure.Wanfang,Chinese Scientific Journal Database,and the Chinese Science Citation Database.Inclusion criteria:Eligibility was limited to studies on TCM practitioners in interdisciplinary teams with Western professionals,published in Chinese or English,while excluding articles that lacked documentation of TCM involvement,or focused exclusively on TCM practices.Data extraction and analysis:Thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke's six-step framework was used to summarize data on the roles of TCM and TCM practitioners,and factors that facilitate and hinder the integration of TCM and WM.Results:Our systematic search yielded 31 relevant papers.We identified eight key roles of TCM practitioners:mitigating WM-induced side effects,facilitating WM tapering and prevention,attenuating disease progression,improving mental health,providing pain relief,supporting stroke rehabilitation,managing symptoms,and regulating the immune system.TCM practitioners fulfill these roles through accurate diagnosis,prescription,and collaborative care while also serving as educators.Five facilitators for TCM integration were identified:safety,recognition,policy support,accessibility,and treatment guidelines.Barriers included:safety concerns,lack of research,insufficient TCM knowledge among WM practitioners,attitudinal barriers,limited access,and inconvenience.Conclusion:Our review highlights the potential of TCM to enrich interdisciplinary teams in Western medical settings.Although there are successful integration models,significant barriers persist,including cost disparities and insufficient research.To achieve seamless integration,a multi-faceted approach that includes research collaboration,equitable policies,enhanced interprofessional education,and efforts to shift societal perceptions is essential.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72274139).
摘要Purpose:Since peer review for funding decisions is crucial to the scientific system,we direct the reader towards new ideas related to research funding and the associated peer review process.Design/methodology/approach:We describe the overall structure of the funding review system and explore the expectations of its various key stakeholders.An examination of testing across the review processes of different funding agencies revealed several issues in the current system.We then summarize the efforts to explore potential solutions.Before concluding,we also discuss recent initiatives,including partial lottery mechanisms,distributed peer review,and methods for identifying originality in proposals by examining areas of non-consensus among reviewers and applicants.Findings:It is difficult to test whether the funding peer review system functions as expected.Moreover,when the peer-review process was replicated across different review groups,the inter-rater problem,where two or more well-intentioned reviewers reached divergent conclusions,was found to be widespread in funding evaluations.At its core,this issue stems from substantive disagreements among reviewers,which can introduce bias into the process.As a result,organizing a peer-review system that is fair,valid,and reliable for funding decisions is particularly challenging.The contemporary organization of the funding review system does not guarantee that it can fulfill its purpose.Consequently,scientists are looking to substantiate funding decisions with more scientific evidence.Some new initiatives have been proposed,which are either more interactive with a strictly organized procedure or are more random(or stochastic),leading to less bias.Research limitations:For practical reasons,we were not able to discuss all,or at least the main,funders in the world.Practical implications:Considering the various steps in peer review procedures for funding decisions may inspire the readers to suggest improvements to the existing system,resulting in reduced bias and greater equality among scientists.Originality/value:Our work contributes to understanding peer review in funding contexts and to exploring possible reforms aimed at improving the existing system.
基金supported by grants from Collaborative Research Fund(Ref:C4032-21GF)General Research Grant(Ref:14114822)+1 种基金Group Research Scheme(Ref:3110146)Area of Excellence(Ref:Ao E/M-402/20)。
摘要Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are widely regarded as primary drivers of aging and are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases.The degeneration of motor neurons during aging is a critical pathological factor contributing to the progression of sarcopenia.However,the morphological and functional changes in mitochondria and their interplay in the degeneration of the neuromuscular junction during aging remain poorly understood.A defined systematic search of the Pub Med,Web of Science and Embase databases(last accessed on October 30,2024)was conducted with search terms including'mitochondria','aging'and'NMJ'.Clinical and preclinical studies of mitochondrial dysfunction and neuromuscular junction degeneration during aging.Twentyseven studies were included in this systematic review.This systematic review provides a summary of morphological,functional and biological changes in neuromuscular junction,mitochondrial morphology,biosynthesis,respiratory chain function,and mitophagy during aging.We focus on the interactions and mechanisms underlying the relationship between mitochondria and neuromuscular junctions during aging.Aging is characterized by significant reductions in mitochondrial fusion/fission cycles,biosynthesis,and mitochondrial quality control,which may lead to neuromuscular junction dysfunction,denervation and poor physical performance.Motor nerve terminals that exhibit redox sensitivity are among the first to exhibit abnormalities,ultimately leading to an early decline in muscle strength through impaired neuromuscular junction transmission function.Parg coactivator 1 alpha is a crucial molecule that regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and modulates various pathways,including the mitochondrial respiratory chain,energy deficiency,oxidative stress,and inflammation.Mitochondrial dysfunction is correlated with neuromuscular junction denervation and acetylcholine receptor fragmentation,resulting in muscle atrophy and a decrease in strength during aging.Physical therapy,pharmacotherapy,and gene therapy can alleviate the structural degeneration and functional deterioration of neuromuscular junction by restoring mitochondrial function.Therefore,mitochondria are considered potential targets for preserving neuromuscular junction morphology and function during aging to treat sarcopenia.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(RS-2024-00333650)supported by basic science research program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-2019R1A6A1A11055660)+1 种基金supported by the Technology Innovation Program(“20013621”,Center for Super Critical Material Industrial Technology)funded By the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE,Korea)supported by Strategic Networking&Development Program funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT through the National Research Foundation of Korea(RS-2023-00268523)。
摘要Gas sensors are valuable tools for human applications,and extensive research has been conducted in this field.However,practical implementation has yet to be fully realized.In response,efforts have been made to explore metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),a novel class of porous materials,as potential solutions.MOFs exhibit exceptional porosity and highly tunable chemical compositions and structures,giving rise to a wide range of unique physical and chemical properties.Significant progress has been achieved in developing MOF-based gas sensors,improving sensing performance for various gases.This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of MOF-based gas sensors,even for readers unfamiliar with MOFs and gas sensors.It covers the working principles of these sensors,fundamental concepts of MOFs,strategies for tuning MOF properties,fabrication techniques for MOF films,and recent studies on MOF and MOF-derivative gas sensors.Finally,current challenges,overlooked aspects,and future directions for fully exploiting the potential of MOFs in gas sensor development are discussed.
基金Supported by Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by Bast of Beijing Association for Science and Technology:BYESS2020003Dongcheng District Outstanding Talent Training and Support Program:2022-dchrcpyzz-592024 Annual Science and Technology Innovation Project in Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine:DZMKJCX-2024-019。
摘要Objective To systemically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion for chronic eczema,and to provide evidence for acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of chronic eczema.Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were retrieved from PubMed,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP database,Wanfang database and China Biology Medicine disc(CBM),from the inception of the database to April 23,2025.The control group were sham acupuncture and moxibustion,no treatment,or conventional western medication.The intervention group were acupuncture and moxibustion therapy or acupuncture and moxibustion on the basis of the interventions as the control group.Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan5.4.0 software according to Cochrane systematic evaluation method.Results Ultimately,53 RCTs were included.The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared with sham acupuncture and moxibustion,no treatment,or conventional western medication,acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for eczema area and severity index(EASI)score(mean difference[MD]=−2.23,95%confidence interval[CI]−2.61 to−1.85;P<0.00001),visual analogue scale(VAS)score(standardized mean difference[SMD]=−1.45,95%CI−2.04 to−0.87;P<0.00001),dermatology life quality index(DLQI)score(MD=−2.36,95%CI−3.25 to−1.48;P<0.00001),immunoglobulin E(IgE)(SMD=−1.26,95%CI−2.46 to−0.05;P=0.04),the overall response rate(odds ratio[OR]=4.58,95%CI 3.84 to 5.46;P<0.00001)and the recurrence rate(OR=0.14,95%CI 0.09 to 0.21;P<0.00001)were all better than those in the control group,and there were no severe adverse events reported.Conclusion Acupuncture and moxibustion can reduce the lesion area and severity of the patients with chronic eczema,effectively alleviate pruritus,improve the quality of life and decrease serum IgE.This therapy owns high overall response rate with low recurrence rate,and without severe adverse events,which is associated with a favorable long-term prognosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81500522)the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2020YFS0090 and No.2020YFS0046).
摘要Male infertility poses a substantial healthcare challenge and severely impacts the lives of patients.We aimed to investigate the risk factors for infertility and abnormal semen parameters.We conducted a comprehensive search of the articles published in Web of Science,MEDLINE,and Embase databases from January 2000 to February 2025.Infertility,semen volume,sperm concentration,sperm count,sperm morphology,sperm motility,and sperm progressive motility were used as endpoints to evaluate the relevance of risk factors.A total of 43 studies were included,covering 67 risk factors associated with infertility and abnormal sperm parameters.A total of 249 effect sizes were scored individually using the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)tool,of which 136(54.6%)were classified as“very low”,59(23.7%)as“low”,and 54(21.7%)as“moderate”.Suffering from type 1 diabetes,metabolic syndrome,hyperthyroidism,systemic lupus erythematosus,chronic prostatitis,and leukocytospermia may increase the risk of abnormal semen parameters.Poor lifestyle habits(obesity,sleep disorders,and smoking),exposure to pollutants and various compounds(carbon disulfide,organophosphates,and lead),the use of medications(sulfasalazine,mesalazine,and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors),and even some viral infections(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,human papillomavirus,and hepatitis viruses)were associated with decreased semen quality.Regular physical exercise,nut consumption,and adherence to a healthy dietary pattern may reverse this process.An increasing number of factors are associated with infertility;however,some of the aforementioned studies lack verification of causal relationships.Future studies need to be well designed to further confirm these relationships.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52227805 and 52474123).
摘要Shallow mineral resources are gradually depleting worldwide,therefore,deep mining is becoming increasingly prevalent within the mining industry.Drilling and blasting are the predominant excavation methods used in deep environments.However,challenges such as inefficient borehole utilization and significant over-or under-excavation are frequently encountered.Scientific investigations on deep rock mass blasting are crucial for the effective development and utilization of deep resources,underpinning safe and efficient deep mine operations.This paper identifies the challenges faced in deep rock mass blasting and presents a review of the current research,primarily from the perspective of Chinese institutions and their experiences,integrating theoretical and technical perspectives through a bibliometric analysis.First,key developmental trends and prominent research teams were identified in the context of this review.Subsequently,three principal areas of theoretical research are analyzed and summarized:blasting stress field evolution,crack propagation behavior,and vibrational response characteristics under in-situ stress conditions.The application and optimization of cut and perimeter blasting techniques for deep rock masses were also examined.Finally,drawing upon existing research,this study explores three key future directions:prediction of blasting effects,utilization of unloading stress waves for cooperative rock fragmentation,and optimization of production blasting in deep metal mines.This review aims to provide a systematic framework for future research in the field of deep rock mass blasting.
摘要Objective:Current research highlights periodontal disease as a systemic inflammatory condition that may influence extra-oral diseases such as prostatic diseases,which prompted us to explore the potential association.To evaluate whether periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk of prostatic disease,including prostate cancer,benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH),and prostatitis.Methods:A systematic search of observational studies concerning the relationship between periodontal disease and prostatic disease was performed in online databases PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus,CENTRAL,CNKI,and WanFang.Searches were conducted from database inception to 31 July 2025.Pooled hazard ratio(HR)or odds ratio(OR)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were synthesized.Subgroup analysis was used to detect the origin of heterogeneity,sensitivity analysis was employed to evaluate the robustness of the results,and publication bias analyses were also performed.R software was used to perform statistical analyses.Results:Sixteen studies that met the preset criteria were included in this study.In the pooled analysis,periodontal disease was associated with increased risk of prostate cancer(HR=1.23,95%CI:1.16-1.29,p<0.001)or BPH(OR=1.55,95%CI:1.41-1.70,p<0.001).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results.No obvious publication biaswas found in the meta-analysis.Only one cohort study reported that chronic periodontitis increases the risk of prostatitis(HR=2.521,95%CI:1.685-4.005,p<0.001).The effect of periodontal treatment on prostatic disease is still unclear.Conclusions:The systematic review and meta-analysis identified an observational association between periodontal disease and increased risks of prostate cancer and BPH.Because all included studies were observational,these results indicate association rather than causation,and further prospective and mechanistic studies are required to clarify temporality and causality.
基金supported by Teaching Development Grant from the University of Hong Kong,China.
摘要Research in human‑robot Interaction(HRI)has increasingly demonstrated how Augmented Reality(AR)enables better interactions between humans and robots.However,the design of HRI remains less understood.Through a systematic literature review of 53 related papers,this research provides an overview of the emerging applications and trends for AR and identifies three types of AR interfaces as follows:1)remote modular interface,2)proximal modular interface,and 3)proximal integral interface.The review indicates potential future directions of construction‑oriented and human‑centric interaction design studies,leading to four pairs of subsystems,which are frequently modularised or integrated,and three conceptual frameworks for HRI interfaces are proposed.Moreover,this research contributes to the theoretical exploration of interaction design.Future applications can adapt to various tasks by using the proposed three conceptual frameworks for interfaces,as well as combining the four proposed subsystem pairs to suit specific task requirements in the construction sector.
基金Supported by China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CACMS)Innovation Fund/Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,No.CI2023C012YLInnovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No ZYYCXTD-C-202205+2 种基金Health Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission,No.20257728High-Level Talent Support Program of Hunan Cancer Hospital,No.20250731-1046Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.2026JJ82680.
摘要BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)accounts for second place of new cases in China.Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)is widely used as an integrative treatment for CRC.However,evidence on the efficacy of CHM for CRC remains unclear.AIM To evaluate quality of previous systematic reviews(SRs)and summarise evidence on CHM treatment for CRC.METHODS All available online academic databases were systematically searched from the time of their foundation to October 2025,and eligible systematic reviews investigating therapeutic effectiveness and safety of CHM in the treatment of CRC patients were incorporated into this study.Their reporting,methodological and evidence quality were evaluated using the PRISMA,AMSTAR-2,and GRADE.RESULTS Ninety-seven SRs were included in this study.Thirty of the included SRs were assessed as high in reporting quality,67 as moderate;12 SRs were assessed as moderate in methodological quality,27 as low quality,58 as critically low quality.Seven pieces of evidence assessed as moderate quality by GRADE approach,40 as low quality,and 46 as very low quality.Moderate-quality evidence showed that orally administered CHM plus XELOX increased the objective response rate(ORR)by 44%.Compound Kushen Injection plus FOLFOX increased ORR by 26%and Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)improvement rate by 24%.Aidi Injection plus FOLFOX4 chemotherapy increased ORR by 22%,disease control rate by 10%and KPS improvement rate by 30%.CONCLUSION Orally administered CHM and CHM injections combined with chemotherapy have promising effects on tumor response and performance status of patients with advanced CRC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.42577319 and W2532031).
摘要The improper handling of outliers in the analysis of variance(ANOVA)presents a persistent challenge in forestry research,which may lead to biased results,inflated Type I error rates,and obscured scientific signals.The current practice is often an ad hoc method,potentially driven by a need to achieve statistical significance rather than principled scientific reasoning.This Editorial paper addresses this systemic issue by proposing a structured,step-by-step framework for the diagnosis and management of outliers.The framework guides researchers to first investigate the cause of an outlier(data error,measurement error,or genuine extreme value),then statistically assess its impact on ANOVA results and assumptions,and finally,make a transparent decision on its treatment.We strongly advise against the statistically problematic practice of replacing outliers with the mean of other replicates,as it violates data integrity and obscures true variability.Instead,we recommend robust alternatives,including data transformation,non-parametric tests,or the use of trimmed means.This approach aims to uphold statistical robustness and scientific integrity,thereby improving the rigor of forestry research and its publications.
摘要Background:Artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted threedimensional(3D)surgical platforms,integrated with augmented reality,have the potential to improve intraoperative anatomical recognition and provide surgeons with an immersive,dynamic operating environment during urooncological procedures.This review aims to examine the current applications of AI in robotic uro-oncology,with a particular focus on its role in facilitating intraoperative navigation during complex surgeries.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed across PubMed,the National Library of Medicine,MEDLINE,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL),ClinicalTrials.gov,and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies published up to July 2025.The search strategy incorporated a predefined set of keywords,including AI,machine learning,radical prostatectomy(RP),robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP),robotassisted partial nephrectomy(RAPN),and robot-assisted radical cystectomy(RARC).Only clinical trials,full-text peer-reviewed publications,and original research articles were included.Studies were eligible for inclusion if they evaluated or described applications of AI in RARP,RAPN,or RARC.Results:Technological advancements have substantially transformed the field of uro-oncologic surgery.In particular,AI and AI-assisted intraoperative navigation in RARP demonstrate considerable potential to objectively assess surgical performance and predict clinical outcomes.In RAPN,the adoption of preoperative,interactive 3D virtualmodels for surgical planning has influenced surgical decisions,thus,enhanced precision in resection planning correlates with superior nephron-sparing outcomes and optimized selective clamping.AI applications in RARC,techniques such as augmented reality(AR)can overlay critical information on the surgical field,by facilitating navigation through complex anatomical planes and enhancing identification of critical structures.Conclusion:AI appears to enhance robotic uro-oncologic procedures by increasing operative precision and supporting individualised surgical treatment strategies.
摘要The year 2025 marked a significantmilestone for Laparoscopic,Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery(LERS)—we have awarded our first Impact Factor of 2.0 released by the Journal Citation Reports from Clarivate Analytics,which ranks in the second quartile in the surgery category.This remarkable achievement,which reflects LERS’s steadily increasing influencein the area of surgery,would not be possible without the peer reviewer’s invaluable contributions.On behalf of the Editorial Board and Editorial Office,we would express our sincere appreciation to the following reviewers,who reviewed at least one paper with rigorous and insightful comments.We sincerely hope to engage further with them,either as esteemed reviewers or outstanding authors,in 2026 and beyond.
基金funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.1233300002).
摘要Background:The mobility of people in rural areas may lead to more and more left-behind children(LBC)appearing,and being an LBC brings a lot of risks to mental health,which could greatly hinder children’s development and undermine their happiness and safety in life.Previous scholars have conducted plenty of studies that focused on Chinese rural LBCs’mental health issues,such as what they exactly look like and some potential factors,but there remains a paucity of reviews about the relationship among certain mental health issues.We will try to figure out how the most common mental health issues of LBC in China’s rural areas correlate with each other,as well as their related factors.Methods:In this study,we used a systematic review approach to analyze 35 publications from Web of Science and EBSCO(to August 2025),followed by the sorting standards of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)2020.Results:By mainly using quantitative techniques,we found that Chinese rural LBC are more likely to have mental health issues than children who have no experience of being left behind,and they often suffer from depression,social anxiety,internet addiction,and suicidal ideation.These four mental health issues share influencing factors and positively correlate with each other.We also found that Chinese rural LBCs are somewhat resilient towards the risk factors of mental health issues,and national or social policies and interventions can really help them a lot.Conclusion:For Chinese rural LBC,there are important relationships among the common psychological disorders they often suffer,along with multiple factors that affect their mental health,which can help related scholars and practitioners pay attention to such mechanisms and think more comprehensively when they try to help the children who are left behind.
基金supported by the Nature Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2025ZNSFSC0739 and 2024NSFSC1714)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20395,82170375)+1 种基金the 1.3.5 project for disciplines of excellence from West China Hospital of Sichuan University(ZYGD23021,23HXFH009)the Science and Technology Projects of Xizang Autonomous Region,China(XZ202501ZY0120)。
摘要Background Early cerebrovascular events(CVEs)following transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)are severe complications,but effective methods for predicting and preventing these events have not been well established.A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to identify significant predictors of early CVEs post-TAVR.Methods MEDLINE/Embase databases were searched for articles published between December 2015 and April 2023.Original studies evaluating predictors of CVEs within 30 days post-TAVR after adjusting for confounders were included.Two investigators independently extracted data following the PRISMA statement.Meta-analyses of multivariable data were performed using Der Simonian and Laird random-effects models,with results expressed as odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Robustness was assessed via Harbord's test,nonparametric trim-and-fill analysis,leave-one-out sensitivity analysis,the QUIPS quality assessment tools,meta-regression,and subgroup analyses.Results Among the 74 included studies,multivariate meta-analyses identified 11 predictors of early CVEs,including 9 patientlevel predictors-a CHA2DS2-VASc≥5,no prior heart failure,diabetes,isolated aortic stenosis,carotid artery stenosis,peripheral artery disease,advanced age,New York Heart Association class≥Ⅲ,and significant left ventricular outflow tract calcificationand 2 procedure-level predictors:the absence of cerebral embolization protection and post-dilation.Additionally,10 patient-level factors and 5 procedure-level factors were not associated with early CVEs,although significant heterogeneity was observed in most analyses.Conclusions This study identified multiple patient-level and procedure-level factors associated or not associated with early CVEs after TAVR.These findings support the development of a comprehensive risk prediction model that can accommodate diverse patient populations and evolving procedural techniques,thereby enhancing clinical risk management strategies.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Province Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project(No.LGF19H220003),China.
摘要Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma(PSP)was first reported by Liebow and Hubbell(1956).It was initially called pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma(PSH)because it was thought to be derived from endothelial cells with rich vascularity.However,the 2015 World Health Organization Classification of Lung Tumors removed the term"sclerosing hemangioma,1 since these tumors lack vascular origin(Travis et al.2015),and the renamed tumor was considered a rare and benign lung tumor.However,several reports have described PSP with lymph node metastasis(Soo et al.,2017).Thus,PSP is not always benign and has the potential to metastasize.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.No.82302906 and No.822706342024 Research Plan Project of the Jiading District Natural Science Foundation,No.2024-KY-JB-30.
摘要BACKGROUND The health challenges of partial hepatectomy in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension(CSPH)have been a subject of study for decades.No metaanalysis has systematically evaluated the relationship between CSPH and posthepatectomy liver failure(PHLF),despite its potential role as a critical factor in surgical decision-making.This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the incidence of PHLF in patients with and without CSPH.AIM To include more recent studies and focus on short-term postoperative outcomes,particularly the association between CSPH and PHLF.Additionally,stratified analyses were also performed according to CSPH and PHLF assessment methods,study design,study period,surgical technique,and underlying liver diseases.METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in EMBASE,PubMed,MEDLINE,ScienceDirect,Elsevier,and Cochrane databases using combinations of the following terms:(“portal hypertension”OR“hypertension,portal”OR“portal hypertensions”)AND(“hepatectomy”OR“hepatectomies”OR“liver resection”)AND(“liver failure”OR“hepatic failure”OR“liver decompensation”).Studies published from January 1996 to April 2025,21 published studies were finally included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.The quality assessment was performed independently by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Odds ratios(OR)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)were calculated and compared using a random-effects model.Heterogeneity was assessed with theχ2 test,and the degree of inconsistency was measured using I2.A P value50%indicated substantial heterogeneity.Sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the robustness of the findings and to identify potential sources of bias.RESULTS A total of 6981 patients(1453 patients with CSPH and 5529 patients without CSPH)were finally included in this study.Compared with patients without CSPH,the incidences of PHLF increased in patients with CSPH(OR=3.14;95%CI:2.45-4.02;P<0.001).Subsequent subgroup analysis suggested that the diagnostic methods for CSPH is a potential interfering factor in PHLF,the OR was maximal in hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement groups(OR=15.61;95%CI:2.11-115.35;P=0.007).CONCLUSION The presence of CSPH should be considered as a significant risk factor,it still should be taken into account seriously prior to surgery and needs strict perioperative management.Meanwhile,different methods of diagnosing CSPH could influence PHLF.
基金Supported by The Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante.
摘要BACKGROUND Adrenal metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma(AM-HCC)after liver transplantation(LT)is an infrequent entity,especially when it is the only site of recurrence.We present patients with these characteristics and systematically review previously published cases.No systematic review adhering to PRISMA criteria has been previously performed.AIM To systematic review of isolated AM-HCC after LT.METHODS Adhering to PRISMA guidelines,we performed unrestricted search for AM-HCC after LT in several databases,with no language restriction,updated through December 31,2024.RESULTS We obtained 38 articles.Only 14 articles,comprising 20 patients,were evaluated,to which we added our own case.Fourteen were single-case reports,and one was a series of seven retrospective cases.The median age was 56.1 years[interquartile range(IQR):23-72].The gender distribution was predominantly male(84.6%).The indications for LT were hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)plus hepatitis B virus cirrhosis(11),hepatitis C virus(6),alcohol(3),and cryptogenic cirrhosis(1).The median HCC tumor size was 4.6 cm(IQR:3.8-13).One third of patients did not meet the Milan criteria.The median time between LT and the appearance of adrenal metastasis(AM)was 39.9 months(IQR:18-42.6).The AM was located on the left(11)and right side(10).Nineteen patients were treated with adrenalectomy,and two were treated with radiotherapy.After a median follow-up of 30 months,25%of patients were alive without recurrence.The median survival time was 29 months(IQR:24-38).CONCLUSION In the case of AM-HCC after LT,occurring as the solitary site of extrahepatic metastasis,adrenalectomy could be a therapeutic option for surgical candidates.It is safe,appears to increase survival,and reduces recurrence in selected patients.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82402789Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Youcai Plan,No.KYYC202402+1 种基金Beijing Jishuitan Research Funding,No.HL202402and Beijing Natural Science Foundation,No.L232062,No.L222063.
摘要BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different factors.AIM To investigate the key determinants of aseptic loosening,we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library was conducted,encompassing studies from database inception to January 1,2025.Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with aseptic loosening following pTHA.Inclusion and exclusion criteria were systematically applied at each stage to ensure methodological transparency and reproducibility.Study quality was assessed using standardized categories.Pooled odds ratio(OR)with corresponding 95%confidence interval were calculated with random-or fixed-effects models to generate reliability estimates,and study heterogeneity was visualized using forest plots.Ten factors,categorized into patient-,surgeon-,and device-related domains,were reviewed and meta-analyzed.Funnel plot analysis demonstrated a relatively symmetrical distribution,suggesting minimal publication bias.RESULTS A meta-analysis of 20 studies(520789 participants)found a pooled prevalence of 1.96%.Significant risk factors for aseptic loosening after pTHA included elevated body mass index(OR=1.116,P<0.001),higher Charlson comorbidity index(OR=1.378,P<0.001),prosthesis-related factors(OR=1.497,P<0.001),and adverse lifestyles(OR=2.198,P=0.037).Protective factors were non-white race(OR=0.445,P<0.001)and favorable genetics(OR=0.723,P<0.001).Male sex increased risk(OR=1.232,P=0.016),while age and anatomy were not significant.Surgical expertise showed a slight protective effect(OR=1.048,P<0.001).A comprehensive understanding of the modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to aseptic loosening after pTHA requires consideration of patient-related factors,surgical expertise,and prosthesis characteristics.CONCLUSION The identification of these factors is critical for risk mitigation.High-risk patients should receive targeted counseling regarding individualized profiles.Further studies are warranted to establish clearer causal relationships and identify additional contributing factors.