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Supercapacitors in Modern Energy Systems:A Critical Review of Materials,Architectures,Digital Twins,AI Integration,and Applications 认领 引用
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作者 Rajanand Patnaik Narasipuram Md MPasha +4 位作者 Suresh Badugu Saleha Tabassum Attuluri RVijay Babu Bharath Kumar N Amit Singh Tandon 《Energy Engineering》 EI 2026年第5期44-75,共32页
Supercapacitors are increasingly deployed as high power buffers in modern energy systems,yet their broader impact is constrained by limited energy density,fragmented testing practices,and incomplete understanding of l... Supercapacitors are increasingly deployed as high power buffers in modern energy systems,yet their broader impact is constrained by limited energy density,fragmented testing practices,and incomplete understanding of lifecycle implications.This article presents a critical,method driven review based on a structured literature survey and explicit inclusion criteria,aggregating quantitative performance data for major electrode families(carbon materials,transition metal oxides,conducting polymers,biomass derived carbons,MXenes,and hybrid composites),electrolytes(aqueous,organic,ionic liquid,and gel/solid state),and device architectures(flexible,micro,solid state,lithium ion capacitors,and structural supercapacitors)under harmonized metrics such as capacitance,energy/power density,equivalent series resistance(ESR),cycle life,and operating voltage.The review benchmarks competing materials and commercial products,analyzes hybrid battery-supercapacitor configurations,and links quantified performance to application requirements in electric vehicles,renewable grids,industrial power conditioning,IoT/wearables,and aerospace,while emphasizing standardized testing protocols and lifecycle assessment as prerequisites for fair comparison and technology road mapping.Furthermore,the article examines concrete case studies of digital twin and AI enhanced modeling and control for supercapacitor based systems,detailing data needs,model structures,documented benefits,and open challenges,and concludes by outlining coordinated research and policy priorities in sustainable materials,device and system design,standardization,and circular economy strategies to enable reliable,evidence based deployment of supercapacitors in future low carbon energy infrastructures. 展开更多
关键词 AI-enhanced control digital twin energy storage systems high power density micro-supercapacitors hybrid supercapacitors 3D-printed supercapacitors
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Electrospun Carbon-Based Materials for Conventional and Hybrid Supercapacitors:Progress and Prospects 认领 引用
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作者 Shuhua Yang Wenqing Fu 《Energy & Environmental Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第1期443-463,共21页
Capacitor-related energy storage devices with high power density,excellent cycle stability,wide operating temperature range,and environmental friendliness have enjoyed great popularity.However,the relatively poor ener... Capacitor-related energy storage devices with high power density,excellent cycle stability,wide operating temperature range,and environmental friendliness have enjoyed great popularity.However,the relatively poor energy density hinders their practical large-scale application.Electrospun carbon-based materials are ideal candidates owing to their large specific surface area(SSA),affluent porosity,high conductivity,good flexibility,and stable chemical properties.Therefore,this review provides the research progress of electrospun carbon-based materials for conventional and hybrid supercapacitors in recent years.First,the electrospinning technology is briefly introduced,and then the research progress of various electrospun carbon-based materials for conventional and hybrid supercapacitors is reviewed.Finally,the problems faced by electrospinning technology and developing electrospun carbon-based materials for conventional and hybrid supercapacitors are summarized and prospected.It is expected to provide some ideas for developing new high-performance electrospun carbon-based materials for conventional and hybrid supercapacitors. 展开更多
关键词 carbon-based materials electrospinning hybrid supercapacitors supercapacitors
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Porous carbon derived from biomass-based polymers:Innovative applications in supercapacitors 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Qiqi Lv Zhiwei Tian +7 位作者 Weijun Li Gaigai Duan Xiaoshuai Han Chunmei Zhang Shuijian He Haimei Mao Chunxin Ma Shaohua Jiang 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第5期208-228,共21页
In the context of the continuously increasing energy demand,the ongoing advancement of innovative energy storage technologies is regarded as an important strategy to alleviate the energy crisis.Among various energy st... In the context of the continuously increasing energy demand,the ongoing advancement of innovative energy storage technologies is regarded as an important strategy to alleviate the energy crisis.Among various energy storage technologies,supercapacitors(SCs)demonstrate significant potential in the future energy storage sector due to their exceptional high-power density and long cycle life.As the core component of SCs,the choice of electrode materials is crucial to their performance,with carbon materials being favored for their excellent electrical conductivity and large specific surface area.In particular,porous carbon materials derived from biomass-based polymers have become a research hotspot due to their unique advantages.Through chemical modification and high-temperature carbonization,these materials can form more stable and optimized porous structures,significantly enhancing their electrochemical performance while meeting environmental protection requirements,thereby highlighting their superiority as electrode materials.This article aims to review the sources,production,and applications of carbon materials derived from biomass-based polymers.We have deeply summarized the preparation and activation methods of carbon from different biomass-based polymer sources.In addition,a comprehensive analysis and systematic comparison of novel modification techniques,such as heteroatom doping,copolymerization,and the incorporation of nanomaterials,were performed to enhance the performance of SCs.Finally,according to the technical challenges to be solved,the goal of large-scale development of biomass-based polymerderived porous carbon in the field of energy storage is proposed,which is crucial for coping with the global energy crisis and reducing environmental impact. 展开更多
关键词 Bio-based polymers Porous carbon Activation Heteroatom doping Supercapacitors
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Achieving battery-level energy density in carbon/metal sulfide asymmetric supercapacitors using organic radicals 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Xiaolong Li Yunpeng Zhou +4 位作者 Huilin Wei Yongzhihan He Lintong Hu Caicai Li Minjie Shi 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第5期1662-1671,I0198-I0207,共10页
Asymmetric supercapacitors(ASCs)are promising candidates for high-power output applications;however,their theoretical capacity remains largely unrealized owing to the low specific capacity of carbon negative electrode... Asymmetric supercapacitors(ASCs)are promising candidates for high-power output applications;however,their theoretical capacity remains largely unrealized owing to the low specific capacity of carbon negative electrodes.Traditional strategies for enhancing the specific capacity of carbon via structural optimization often compromise the tap density,electrical conductivity,and rate performance of the material.In this study,we address this bottleneck by incorporating 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl(4OT)as a redox mediator into the electrolyte to construct ASCs with well-matched capacities and potential windows between the two electrodes.With 50,100,and 200 mM 4OT added in electrolytes,the activated carbon electrodes achieve specific capacities of 113,181,and 263 mAh·g-1at 2 A·g-1.The Ni3S2/CoNi2S4positive electrode exhibited a specific capacity of 415 mAh·g-1,benefiting from its superior electrical conductivity,abundant active sites,and enhanced electrochemical activity.Notably,introducing 4OT to the electrolyte effectively balances the capacity and potential window of the two electrodes.Consequently,the as-assembled ASCs deliver a maximum energy density of55 Wh·kg-1,which surpasses previously reported values.Our work demonstrates that the rational selection and application of redox mediators have great potential for balancing electrode capacity and boosting the energy density of high-performance ASCs. 展开更多
关键词 asymmetric supercapacitors carbon materials redox-active electrolyte organic radicals metal sulfides
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“Win-Win”Structural Engineering of Chinese Herb Residues-Derived Porous Graphitic Carbons:Decoupling the Porosity-Graphitization Antagonism for Ultrahigh-Rate Supercapacitors 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Chuixiong Kong Tingmin Di +3 位作者 Geming Wang Quanrong Deng Yuan Gao Shenggao Wang 《Energy & Environmental Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第2期392-404,共13页
The antagonism between porosity and graphitization critically limits carbon supercapacitor performance.Here,we demonstrate a structural engineering strategy that converts Sargentodoxa Cuneata residue(SCR)into hierarch... The antagonism between porosity and graphitization critically limits carbon supercapacitor performance.Here,we demonstrate a structural engineering strategy that converts Sargentodoxa Cuneata residue(SCR)into hierarchically porous graphitic carbons(SCR-HPCs).By precisely regulating biomass precursor porous architecture,this methodology decouples the antagonism between porosity development and graphitization progression in KOH-mediated activation,achieving simultaneous high specific surface area(2465.1 m2 g-1)and graphitization(ID/IG of 0.73).In 6 M KOH electrolyte,the specific capacitance of the optimized SCR-HPC-900 electrode reaches 415.6 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1,with a capacitance retention of 75.1%even at an ultra-high current density of 200 A g-1.The fabricated symmetric supercapacitor achieves an energy density of 8.5 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 37803 W kg-1,retaining over 100.8%of its capacitance after 100000 cycles.Remarkably,in 1 M TEABF4/PC organic electrolyte,the supercapacitor achieves maximum energy and power densities of 45.6 Wh kg-1 and 41750 W kg-1,respectively.This study presents an effective methodology for decoupling the antagonism between porosity and graphitization in conventional processes,offering a new idea for converting biomass waste into high-performance energy storage materials. 展开更多
关键词 biomass high rate performance KOH activation porous graphitic carbon supercapacitors
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Dual‐Phosphidation‐Engineered Ni/NiO Heterojunction Nanoflowers With Synergistic Surface PO43-Group and P Doping Sites for High‐Performance and Low Temperature(?40°C)Supercapacitors 认领 引用
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作者 Ya‐Min Feng Ran Liu +8 位作者 Guang‐Lei Zhang Hu‐Cheng Zhou Hai‐Neng Bai Xiao‐Di Du Jun Li Jian Li Wei‐Feng Liu Jin‐Ping Liu Jun‐Ling Guo 《Rare Metals》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期656-666,共11页
Nickel oxide(NiO)‐based electrodes with high theoretical specific capacitance can effectively increase the energy density of supercapacitors-the key factor limiting their practical deployment.However,several issues s... Nickel oxide(NiO)‐based electrodes with high theoretical specific capacitance can effectively increase the energy density of supercapacitors-the key factor limiting their practical deployment.However,several issues still restrict the production of advanced NiO‐based electrodes.First,a facile strategy to concurrently enhance surface‐interface and bulk conductivity is still absent,limiting the overall electrode conductivity.Second,strategies that boost OH−affinity often increase its desorption barrier,impeding OH−migration.Herein,to address these issues,heterostructured Ni/NiO porous nanoflowers with P‐doping sites and abundant surface PO43−groups(P‐PO4‐Ni/NiO)are prepared through simple phosphidation.In this material,(1)the heterojunction between Ni and P‐doped NiO increases the overall electrode conductivity;(2)surface PO43−groups and P‐doping sites synergistically boost the affinity for OH−and improve their transfer kinetics;and(3)owing to their structure,porous nanoflowers show a large electrolyte contact area.As a result,the specific capacitance of P‐PO4‐Ni/NiO is five times higher than that of pristine NiO.When assembled into asymmetric supercapacitors,the device exhibits an energy density of 33.1 Wh kg−1at 750 W kg−1.At−40°C,the device retains 62.0%of its room‐temperature capacitance and shows nearly no fade after 20,000 charge-discharge cycles.This work presents a robust route for the development of practical transition metal oxide‐based supercapacitors. 展开更多
关键词 low‐temperature metallic Ni NiO supercapacitors surface functionalization
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Hierarchical carbon nanofiber-based NiCo2S4/NiCo-LDH/C nanostructure array with efficient charge transfer for flexible solid-state supercapacitors 认领 引用
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作者 Yan Gao Ying Huang +2 位作者 Boming Lu Meng Zong Zheng Zhang 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第5期679-685,共7页
Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)hold great promise for flexible solid-state supercapacitors owing to their high theoretical capacitance and distinctive architecture.However,their proneness to agglomeration and poor ele... Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)hold great promise for flexible solid-state supercapacitors owing to their high theoretical capacitance and distinctive architecture.However,their proneness to agglomeration and poor electrical conductivity have long hindered the manifestation of outstanding electrochemical performance.In a groundbreaking approach,we have engineered a hierarchical carbon nanofiber-based Ni Co2S4/NiCo-LDH/C nanostructure array.The meticulously crafted hierarchical structure not only imparts remarkable stability to the electrode but also ingeniously harnesses the synergistic interplay among materials.Through density functional theory calculations,we have precisely identified and verified the active sites for charge transfer,unveiling a new understanding of the underlying mechanisms.This unique structure significantly facilitates ion transfer in the vicinity of NiCo-LDH,substantially elevates electrical conductivity,and notably increases the adsorption capacity of OH-.Moreover,it gives a substantial boost to the quantum capacitance.As a result,the electrode showcases a high specific capacitance of 1838.3F/g.This research pioneers an effective and versatile strategy that can be readily applied to the majority of LDHs,opening up new avenues for enhancing their efficiency of supercapacitor materials. 展开更多
关键词 Supercapacitors Structural design Physical vapor deposition Flexible device
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Regulation of Oxygen Vacancies in High Entropy Oxides With Multi-Layer Eggshell Architectural Framework for Boosting the Electrochemical Performance of Supercapacitors 认领 引用
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作者 Shunxiang Wang Cuili Xiang +3 位作者 Yongjin Zou Zexuan Yang Lixian Sun Hein-Bernhard Kraatz 《Energy & Environmental Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第3期403-412,共10页
High-entropy oxides(HEOs)exhibit great potential as supercapacitor electrode materials,but their practical application is hindered by inherent challenges such as structural instability,insufficient conductivity,and di... High-entropy oxides(HEOs)exhibit great potential as supercapacitor electrode materials,but their practical application is hindered by inherent challenges such as structural instability,insufficient conductivity,and difficulties in regulating oxygen vacancies.To overcome these limitations,we present a dual-defect engineering strategy:tailoring the elemental composition of FeZnCuCoNi-based HEOs to generate abundant oxygen vacancies,and constructing a hierarchical,3D multi-shell porous network structure via an in situ template method.Density functional theory calculations reveal that high-entropy lattice distortion significantly enhances oxygen vacancy concentration while reducing charge transfer barriers.Additionally,the multi-layered eggshell morphology creates interconnected ion diffusion pathways,shortens ion transport distances,and reinforces mechanical integrity.The optimized HEO electrode demonstrates remarkable electrochemical performance,achieving a specific capacitance of 641 F g⁻¹at 1 A g⁻¹,with a 92% electric double-layer contribution at 50 mV s⁻¹.The assembled asymmetric supercapacitor delivers an energy density of 36.7 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 800 W kg⁻¹,while maintaining 92% of its initial capacity after 10000 charge-discharge cycles.Mechanistic studies indicate that oxygen vacancies optimize hydroxyl adsorption kinetics,facilitating surface charge transfer,while the hierarchical porous structure effectively mitigates volumetric expansion stress via a 3D ion transport network.This work offers a strategic framework for designing next-generation high-entropy energy storage materials by providing a synergy between atomic-scale electronic tuning and mesoscale structural design. 展开更多
关键词 high-entropy oxides multi-layered eggshell structures oxygen vacancies supercapacitors
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Enhancing the electroactivity of supercapacitors through nitrogen doping on cellulose-derived carbon materials 认领 引用
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作者 Siling Chen Yang Hu +6 位作者 Sijia Zhang Xuesong Liu Zhuqun Shi Chuanxi Xiong Weiwei Wu Ruizhi Ning Quanling Yang 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期673-677,共5页
Nowadays,higher requirements are put forward to the storage and utilization of energy,and supercapacitor is a kind of energy storage electronic devices.The resulting CA-N,with a specific surface area of 320.6 m2/g ... Nowadays,higher requirements are put forward to the storage and utilization of energy,and supercapacitor is a kind of energy storage electronic devices.The resulting CA-N,with a specific surface area of 320.6 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.28 cm3/g,demonstrated a remarkable supercapacitance of 283.3 F/g.As a mesoporous material,CA-N offers numerous channels for the diffusion and absorption of electrolyte ions.Furthermore,it exhibited an impressive capacity retention rate of 98.48% after 5000 charge-discharge cycles.These outstanding electrochemical properties highlight the potential of CA-N for applications in energy storage. 展开更多
关键词 N-Doped Carbon aerogel Nanocellulose Porous structure Supercapacitors
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Versatile Biomass Hydrogel Electrolyte for Supercapacitors:Exceptional Water Retention,Robust Adhesion,Subzero Self-Healing,and All-Climate Cycling Stability 认领 引用
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作者 Nannan Zhu Yibin Xing +4 位作者 Qijin Teng Xiyao Wang Renyang Han Bing Du Xuejuan Wan 《Energy & Environmental Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第3期413-423,共11页
Developing hydrogel electrolytes that simultaneously overcome the critical challenges of rapid dehydration,narrow operational temperature windows,poor interfacial adhesion,and irreparable mechanical damage remains an ... Developing hydrogel electrolytes that simultaneously overcome the critical challenges of rapid dehydration,narrow operational temperature windows,poor interfacial adhesion,and irreparable mechanical damage remains an urgent need for reliable supercapacitors,since these challenges significantly compromise their cycling stability.Herein,a versatile biomass hydrogel electrolyte(PSBGD-Li)is developed through dynamic borate ester crosslinking between peach gum polysaccharide and starch,integrating exceptional water retention(≥66 days,92.01%retention),wide temperature adaptability(−30℃ to 50℃),rapid subzero self-healing(99.4%recovery in 5 min at−30℃),high ionic conductivity(34.71 mS cm⁻¹ at 25℃;9.22 mS cm⁻¹ at−30℃),and excellent mechanical robustness(>1600% strain without breakage,30.7 kPa interfacial adhesion).Supercapacitors equipped with PSBGD-Li exhibit superior all-climate electrochemical cycling stability,delivering a high specific capacitance of 216 F g⁻¹ at 25℃ with 98.6%capacitance retention after 15000 cycles.Remarkably,they maintain outstanding temperature reliability,retaining 99.2%capacitance at −30℃ and 92.4% at 50℃,while preserving >99% specific capacitance after sequential thermal cycling between −30℃ and 50℃.Flexible supercapacitors also maintain stable electrochemical performance after repeated bending or cutting/healing cycles,highlighting significant potential for developing green,temperature-tolerant,reliable flexible energy storage in extreme environments. 展开更多
关键词 all-climate supercapacitors biomass hydrogel electrolyte flexible energy storage subzero self-healing water retention
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Dual-metallic site regulation boosts charge storage in zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors 认领 引用
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作者 Chunliu Zhu Huanyu Liang +7 位作者 Chenglong Qiu Wenjie Fan Zhi Li Jing Shi Minghua Huang Kaisheng Xia Qigang Wang Huanlei Wang 《Advanced Powder Materials》 EI CAS CSCD 2026年第1期146-156,共11页
Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors(ZIHCs)are compelling candidates for next-generation energy storage owing to their intrinsic safety,low cost,and high power density.However,their practical implementation remains hindere... Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors(ZIHCs)are compelling candidates for next-generation energy storage owing to their intrinsic safety,low cost,and high power density.However,their practical implementation remains hindered by the limited energy density of traditional carbon-based cathodes.Here,we rationally design porous carbon nanofibers embedded with atomically dispersed Zn and Fe dual-metal sites(ZnFe/PCNFs),synthesized via electrospinning followed by controlled carbonization.The introduction of Fe modulates the local electronic structure of Zn centers,thereby facilitating enhanced d-orbital hybridization and stronger ion adsorption through the formation of ZnFeN6 coordination motifs.Coupled with high surface area and hierarchical porosity,these atomic-level interactions facilitate exceptional ion accessibility and rapid charge-transfer kinetics.As a cathode for ZIHCs,ZnFe/PCNFs deliver a specific capacity of 213 mAh g-1,exceptional high-rate capability,and longterm cycling stability over 20000 cycles.This work elucidates mechanisms of dual-metal atomic coordination and provides a robust design strategy for high-performance,durable aqueous energy storage systems. 展开更多
关键词 Zinc ion hybrid supercapacitors Cathodes Carbon materials Heteroatoms Dual-metal single-atom
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Comprehending the frontiers of flexible supercapacitors:Materials,fabrication techniques,and performance metrics 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Jinuk Choi Hyojung Lim +13 位作者 Dae-Kyo Oh Sangmin Ha Dae Jun Moon Gyoung Hwa Jeong Seonghyeon Park Junho Shim Chanmin Jo Minseo Jeon Subramani Surendran Xiaoyan Lu Heechae Choi Gibum Kwon Young-Hoon Yun Uk Sim 《Materials Reports(Energy)》 EI 2026年第2期25-41,共17页
The accelerating development of wearable electronics encompassing flexible sensors,displays,and health monitoring systems has driven strong demand for lightweight,deformable,and high-performance energy storage technol... The accelerating development of wearable electronics encompassing flexible sensors,displays,and health monitoring systems has driven strong demand for lightweight,deformable,and high-performance energy storage technologies.With the increasing attention in these fields,flexible and wearable supercapacitors(FSCs)have gained significant attention due to their fast charge-discharge rates,excellent mechanical resilience,and longterm cycling stability.This review presents a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in FSC research,focusing on both material-level engineering and device-level integration.Electrode materials,including carbonbased frameworks,transition metal-based materials,conductive polymers,and their hybrids,are critically examined,with an emphasis on structural design strategies.Fabrication techniques are discussed by dimensional configuration,including 1D fiber-shaped,2D planar,and multidimensional structures,with a focus on scalable and application-oriented processes.Furthermore,representative demonstrations in wearable,transparent,and sensor-integrated devices are explored to illustrate the practical potential of FSCs.Finally,future directions are proposed,including light and moisture stability,as well as electrolyte degradation,to realize next-generation multifunctional flexible energy storage systems. 展开更多
关键词 Flexible supercapacitors Energy storage devices Fabrication techniques Electrochemical performance Wearable electronics
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Construction of Moiré-like lignin based carbon electrodes to efficiently improve the performance of photo-assisted supercapacitors 认领 引用
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作者 Wang Yizhe Li Cong +7 位作者 Yuan Meng Liu Xing He Yanzhen Guo Weimin Jiao Haochen Li Yudong Yang Haiyue Wang Chengyu 《新型炭材料（中英文）》 SCIE EI CSCD 北大核心 2026年第3期626-640,I0038-I0047,共15页
Conventional lignin-based carbons typically have sluggish ion transport and a limited number of active sites,which restrict their performance as electrodes in supercapacitors.A Moiré-like morphology was engineere... Conventional lignin-based carbons typically have sluggish ion transport and a limited number of active sites,which restrict their performance as electrodes in supercapacitors.A Moiré-like morphology was engineered by the insitu deposition of lignin carbon onto DVD matrix onto lignin carbon for the fabrication of a photo-assisted supercapacitor(PASC).The Moiré-like structure modulates light propagation across different frequencies by dispersion effects,thereby increasing surface light absorption and improving the electrochemical performance of the PASC.Under illumination,the carbon has a specific capacitance of 253.5 F g−1at 0.5 A g−1,corresponding to a 35.6%improvement over one without this grating surface(186.9 F g−1).A symmetrical capacitor using this material has an areal capacitance of 58.84 mF cm−2and an energy density of 4.46 Wh kg−1at a power density of 365.2 W kg−1,maintaining 85.2%of its initial capacitance after 5000 cycles,thus demonstrating excellent cycling stability.This work suggests a cost-effective strategy to simultaneously improve the light-harvesting ability and capacitive performance of PASCs. 展开更多
关键词 Moiré-like structure Photo-assisted supercapacitors Lignin carbon Structural engineering Light-harvesting
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Robust Interfaces and Advanced Materials:Critical Designs and Challenges for High-Performance Supercapacitors 认领 引用
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作者 Yuzhao Liu Lanlan Feng +5 位作者 Mingfei Li Xiuyang Qian Chuanqi Sun Wenxuan Sun Yunshan Zheng Baohua Li 《Energy & Environmental Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第1期420-442,共23页
With the growing global energy demand and the pressing need for a clean energy transition,supercapacitors(SCs)have demonstrated significant application potential in electric vehicles,wearable electronics,and renewable... With the growing global energy demand and the pressing need for a clean energy transition,supercapacitors(SCs)have demonstrated significant application potential in electric vehicles,wearable electronics,and renewable energy storage systems owing to their rapid charge-discharge capability,exceptional power density,and prolonged cycle life.The improvement of their overall performance fundamentally depends on the synergistic design of electrode materials and electrolyte systems,as well as the precise regulation of the electrode-electrolyte interface.This review focuses on the key components of supercapacitors,systematically reviewing the design strategies of high-performance electrode materials,outlining recent advances in novel electrolyte systems,and comprehensively discussing the critical roles of interfacial reinforcement and optimization in enhancing device energy density,power performance,and cycling stability.Furthermore,interfacial engineering strategies and innovations in device architecture are proposed to address interfacial degradation in flexible SCs under mechanical stress.Finally,key future research directions are highlighted,including the development of high-voltage and wide-temperature-range electrolyte systems and the integrated advancement of multiscale in situ characterization techniques and theoretical modeling.This review aims to provide theoretical guidance and innovative strategies for material design,contributing toward the realization of next-generation supercapacitors with enhanced energy density and reliability. 展开更多
关键词 electrode materials electrolytes interface optimization robust interfaces supercapacitors
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Difluorocarbene grafted on carbon for high-power supercapacitors 认领 引用
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作者 Kai Gu Zhenyu Chen +6 位作者 Yuxun Yuan Ting Yang Yihan Wang Lei Zhou Lingchao Wu Guilin Feng Weiqing Yang 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第7期591-601,I0014,共11页
Biomass-derived activated carbon is a highly promising electrode material for supercapacitors.However,its widespread application is often limited by insufficient power density,stemming from low electrical conductivity... Biomass-derived activated carbon is a highly promising electrode material for supercapacitors.However,its widespread application is often limited by insufficient power density,stemming from low electrical conductivity and sluggish ionic transport.To address these challenges,we developed a difluorocarbene-grafted strategy that fluorinates surface carbonyl groups on carbon through a gassolid reaction path.This process effectively induces a redistribution of carbon atomic electron density and concurrently reconfigures the microporous-mesoporous architecture.The resultant synergistic effects significantly enhance both charge transport efficiency and ionic storage capacity.The optimized fluorinated macadamia nut shell-derived activated carbon(F-MNSAC)exhibits a remarkable compaction density of 0.64 g cm-3,an electrical conductivity of 3.34 S mm-1,and a substantial pore volume of1.213 m3g-1.The supercapacitor based on F-MNSAC delivers a higher specific capacitance(33.63 F g-1at 1 A g-1)than commercialized YP-50F(~27 F g-1at 1 A g-1),and outstanding rate capability(86.6%capacity retention at 50 A g-1).Consequently,the device achieves a high energy density of24.1 Wh kg-1at a high power density of 61.2 kW kg-1.This work establishes a new paradigm for developing high-performance carbon materials and lays a firm technological foundation for advancing nextgeneration,high-power supercapacitors. 展开更多
关键词 Biomass-derived carbon Difluorocarbene grafting Gas-solid reaction High-power supercapacitors Electron density redistribution
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Dual-regulation tailoring of tunnel-structured hexagonal tungsten oxide for high-performance ammonium-ion hybrid supercapacitors 认领 引用
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作者 Guochuang Tian Shuang Luo +4 位作者 Jinglv Feng Yina Xiang Hui Zhou Bingsuo Zou Jien Li 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第1期261-273,I0007,共13页
Ammonium-ion hybrid supercapacitors(A-HSCs)have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage owing to their inherent safety and environmental sustainability.Hexagonal tungsten oxide(h-WO3),wit... Ammonium-ion hybrid supercapacitors(A-HSCs)have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage owing to their inherent safety and environmental sustainability.Hexagonal tungsten oxide(h-WO3),with its well-defined tunnel structure,holds great promise as a negative electrode material for NH4+storage.However,its practical application is hindered by structural instability and poor intrinsic electrical conductivity.To address these challenges,a dual-regulation strategy is proposed,integrating molybdenum(Mo)doping and NH4+pre-intercalation to concurrently optimize the tunnel structure and electronic environment of h-WO3(Mo-NWO).Comprehensive experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that Mo doping narrows the bandgap of WO3and reduces the diffusion energy barrier,thereby accelerating NH4+adsorption and diffusion.Simultaneously,NH4+pre-intercalation stabilizes the tunnel framework via hydrogen bonding,ensuring structural reversibility.As expected,the Mo-NWO/AC electrode achieves a high areal capacitance of 13.6 F cm−2at 5 mA cm−2and retains 80.14%of its capacitance after 5000 cycles,demonstrating exceptional rate capability and cycling stability.Moreover,the assembled Mn3O4//Mo-NWO/AC device delivers a high energy density of 3.41 mWh cm−2and outstanding long-term stability(85.75%retention after 12,000 cycles).This work provides a viable strategy for designing high-performance NH4+storage materials and advances the development of sustainable energy storage systems. 展开更多
关键词 Ammonium-ion supercapacitors Mo-doping Hexagonal tungsten trioxide NH4+storage mechanism Structural stability
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Thick,asymmetric electrodes enable high-energy-density 3D-printed flexible quasi-solid-state micro-supercapacitors 认领 引用
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作者 Pinjing Yao Qinghuang Huang +6 位作者 Wangyang Li Bingyuan Ke Zhibo Yang Jixi Chen Huagui Zhang Dun-Bao Ruan Xinghui Wang 《Metals Advances》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期60-69,共10页
Achieving thick electrodes concurrent with efficient ion and electron transport remains a critical bottleneck in enhancing the areal energy density of micro-supercapacitors(MSCs).Herein,a quasi-solid-state MSC with bi... Achieving thick electrodes concurrent with efficient ion and electron transport remains a critical bottleneck in enhancing the areal energy density of micro-supercapacitors(MSCs).Herein,a quasi-solid-state MSC with bicontinuous thick electrodes is constructed,in which an asymmetric geometry composed of nickel hexacyanoferrate(NiHCF)and activated carbon(AC)is employed.This electrode architecture provides both continuous electron pathways and interconnected porosity,supporting high mass loading simultaneously with fast transport dynamics.The resulting NiHCF//AC MSCs show a wide potential window of 1.6 V,a superior areal capacitance up to 1826 mF cm-2at 1 mA cm-2,a notable energy density of 649μWh cm-2,and excellent cycling stability(90.2%retention of the initial capacitance after 2000 cycles).Moreover,the MSCs demonstrate excellent mechanical toughness and can be integrated into series-parallel configurations for tunable output.This work mitigates the trade-off between mass loading and charge transport,offering a feasible route toward highenergy-density,flexible,and scalable micro-energy storage systems. 展开更多
关键词 Prussian blue analogue 3D printing Asymmetric supercapacitors High energy density Miniature energy storage Thick electrodes
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The chemistry and design principles of cellulose-based materials toward eco-friendly flexible supercapacitors 认领 引用
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作者 Chunling Cao Haibo Huang +2 位作者 Hongpeng Li Shouxin Liu Zhongshuai Wu 《Advanced Powder Materials》 EI CAS CSCD 2026年第1期1-28,共28页
The demand for sustainable energy storage has accelerated the development of cellulose-based materials(CBMs)for flexible supercapacitors(FSCs).However,widespread commercialization of FSCs remains challenged by their l... The demand for sustainable energy storage has accelerated the development of cellulose-based materials(CBMs)for flexible supercapacitors(FSCs).However,widespread commercialization of FSCs remains challenged by their low gravimetric energy density(approximately 35 Wh kg-1),far below lithium-ion batteries(exceeding 200 Wh kg-1),and a limited operational temperature range(from-20℃ to 60℃),restricting their use in extreme environments.To date,no comprehensive review has elucidated the crucial role of the chemistry and structure-property relationships of CBMs in advancing FSC technology.This review fills this gap by examining the chemical attributes and versatility of cellulose and its derivatives,including their physicochemical characteris-tics,assembly methodologies,and functional modifications such as oxidation,esterification,etherification,grafting polymerization,nucleophilic substitution,and crosslinking reactions.We further provide an overview of the chemistry and structure-function correlations of various cellulose forms used in advanced electrodes,solid electrolytes,separators,binders,current collectors,and substrate/encapsulation materials,alongside relevant microelectrode processing technologies.Given that large-scale application of FSCs is still in its early stages,we offer insightful design principles for guiding future development of cellulose-based FSCs.By proposing a“chemistry-performance-sustainability”design framework,this review not only addresses existing limitations but also outlines a roadmap for next-generation eco-friendly FSCs. 展开更多
关键词 Cellulose-based materials Functionalization chemistry Assembly chemistry Eco-friendly Flexible supercapacitors
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Bio-Derived Tannin-Modified Phenolic Carbon Cryogels with Optimized Microstructure for Supercapacitors Application 认领 引用
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作者 Zhiying Lin Boju Deng +6 位作者 Qianqian Zhang Jingming Chen Xinqiang Ye Yuling Lan Jiuping Rao Mizi Fan Weigang Zhao 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 EI CAS 2026年第5期1-16,共16页
Bio-derived carbon cryogels have garnered significant interest as promising electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their high specific surface area(SSA),hierarchical porosity,and eco-friendly synthesis methods... Bio-derived carbon cryogels have garnered significant interest as promising electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their high specific surface area(SSA),hierarchical porosity,and eco-friendly synthesis methods.In this study,a tannin-modified phenolic hydrogel was synthesized using a sustainable tannin-phenol precursor system and subsequently subjected to three distinct drying methods-freeze-drying(FD),supercritical drying(SCD),and ambient pressure drying(APD)-to systematically evaluate their influence on structural integrity,porosity,and electrochemical behavior.Among these,the sample obtained via freeze-drying(TPUF-FD)maintained the most intact porous network,minimizing structural collapse during sublimation of ice under vacuum.This preservation of hierarchical micro-and mesopores facilitated enhanced ion diffusion,leading to the highest SSA and favorable nitrogen/oxygen functionalities that contribute to both electric double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance.The TPUF-FD electrode exhibited a high specific capacitance of 127.6 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1,maintaining 107.0 F g-1 at 10 A g-1,which corresponds to a rate retention of 83.9%.When assembled into a symmetric device,the supercapacitor achieved an energy density of 8.47 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 562.5 W kg-1.Notably,the device retained 100%of its initial capacitance after 9000 charge-discharge cycles at 10 A g-1 with excellent coulombic efficiency(108.3%).These results underscore the crucial role of freeze-drying in preserving both the microstructural features and surface chemistry of biomass-derived carbon cryogels,which enhances ion accessibility and contributes to the stable,high-performance supercapacitor applications. 展开更多
关键词 Tannin-derived carbon cryogels freeze-drying porous structure engineering biomass-based electrode materials supercapacitors electrochemical performance
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A Critical Review of Biochar Electrode Performance Enhancement Strategies for High-performance Supercapacitors 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 ZHANG Jincai LI Meiping +1 位作者 Subramanian Sunderrajan Vishnu Vijay Kumar 《材料导报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第10期30-47,共18页
The global demand for sustainable energy solutions has intensified due to resource limitations and environmental challenges.Biochar presents a promising electrode material for energy storage devices,offering a potenti... The global demand for sustainable energy solutions has intensified due to resource limitations and environmental challenges.Biochar presents a promising electrode material for energy storage devices,offering a potential cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative.Howe-ver,traditional biochar production through pyrolysis reveals significant performance constraints.This has prompted researchers to explore innovative approaches for improving biochar’s electrical and chemical properties.This comprehensive review examines biochar’s application in energy storage systems,with particular emphasis on supercapacitor technologies.The study critically analyzes three key methods for enhancing biochar’s performance,providing a detailed investigation of current research strategies.By synthesizing existing literature,this review offers a nuanced overview of biochar’s potential in renewable energy technologies.This review systematically evaluates recent scientific approaches to developing more effective biochar materials,highlighting the critical intersection between sustainable materials and energy storage solutions.Additionally,this work presents targeted recommendations for future scientific investigations,aiming to advance the development of high-performance biochar technologies.Through a critical assessment of current research,this review contributes to our understanding of sustainable energy storage approaches and identifies promising pathways for future technological innovation. 展开更多
关键词 biomass biochar sustainable material energy storage supercapacitor
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