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Supervisor conscientiousness and professional identity for graduate students:A moderated mediation model 认领 引用
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作者 Xiaoyuan Chu Alafate Litifu +6 位作者 Zhaoyi Zhu Qing Tan Shihao Ma Jingyue Yu Lipeng Yin Li Lei Si Han 《Journal of Psychology in Africa》 2026年第3期329-340,共12页
This study examined the mediating role of perceived supervisor–student relationship quality and the moderating role of student extraversion in the relationship between supervisor conscientiousness and graduate stude... This study examined the mediating role of perceived supervisor–student relationship quality and the moderating role of student extraversion in the relationship between supervisor conscientiousness and graduate students’professional identity.A total of 450 graduate students completed surveys of supervisor conscientiousness,perceived supervisor–student relationship quality,professional identity,and extraversion.Results of a moderated mediation model testing showed that supervisor conscientiousness was associated with higher graduate students’professional identity.Perceived supervisor–student relationship quality mediated this association,with higher supervisor conscientiousness linked to better perceived supervisor–student relationship quality,which in turn related to higher levels of professional identity.In addition,student extraversion moderated the link between supervisor conscientiousness and perceived relationship quality,such that this association was stronger among students low in extraversion.These findings extend social learning theory by showing that supervisors’personality traits shape graduate students’professional identity through relational mechanisms,while also indicating this process may operate through relationship-based need satisfaction,as proposed in self-determination theory.By implication,fostering conscientious supervisory practices and supportive relationships may facilitate professional identity development,particularly among students low in extraversion. 展开更多
关键词 Professional identity supervisor conscientiousness perceived supervisor–student relationship quality extraversion graduate students
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Deadlock-free Supervisor Design for Robotic Manufacturing Cells With Uncontrollable and Unobservable Events 认领 引用 被引量：6
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作者 Bo Huang MengChu Zhou +2 位作者 Cong Wang Abdullah Abusorrah Yusuf Al-Turki 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2021年第3期597-605,共9页
In this paper,a deadlock prevention policy for robotic manufacturing cells with uncontrollable and unobservable events is proposed based on a Petri net formalism.First,a Petri net for the deadlock control of such syst... In this paper,a deadlock prevention policy for robotic manufacturing cells with uncontrollable and unobservable events is proposed based on a Petri net formalism.First,a Petri net for the deadlock control of such systems is defined.Its admissible markings and first-met inadmissible markings(FIMs)are introduced.Next,place invariants are designed via an integer linear program(ILP)to survive all admissible markings and prohibit all FIMs,keeping the underlying system from reaching deadlocks,livelocks,bad markings,and the markings that may evolve into them by firing uncontrollable transitions.ILP also ensures that the obtained deadlock-free supervisor does not observe any unobservable transition.In addition,the supervisor is guaranteed to be admissible and structurally minimal in terms of both control places and added arcs.The condition under which the supervisor is maximally permissive in behavior is given.Finally,experimental results with the proposed method and existing ones are given to show its effectiveness. 展开更多
关键词 Deadlock prevention Petri nets robotic manufacturing cells structure-minimized supervisor supervisory control uncontrollability unobservability
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Perfection solutions of supervisory audit in Chinese listed companies 认领 引用
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作者 WANG Wei-hong WANG Wei-peng 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2009年第9期50-52,共3页
Operational mechanism of supervisory audit in Chinese listed companies is not ideal, the supervisory effect of the listed company rely on features of supervisors＇ board and member of the supervisors＇ board. Based on... Operational mechanism of supervisory audit in Chinese listed companies is not ideal, the supervisory effect of the listed company rely on features of supervisors＇ board and member of the supervisors＇ board. Based on the comparison of supervisory audit in Britain, Germany, France and Japan, and the empirical research on 100 listed companies in a share market, the paper analyses supervisory audit in Chinese listed companies, and proposes some perfection solutions to strengthen supervisory audit. 展开更多
关键词 supervisors supervisory audit supervisors＇ board
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On the Legal Status of the Independence of Supervisors in Chinese Companies:Problems and Reconstruction 认领 引用
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作者 LI Qingwu WANG Zimi 《US-China Law Review》 2023年第1期1-17,共17页
According to corporate governance institutions in China,the supervisors’independence is weak and their practical performance is unsatisfying.The failure of supervisor’s supervision mechanism is mainly caused by the ... According to corporate governance institutions in China,the supervisors’independence is weak and their practical performance is unsatisfying.The failure of supervisor’s supervision mechanism is mainly caused by the erosion of the independence guarantee mechanism of supervisors due to the following two factors.First,the shareholding structure of listed companies is highly centralized,resulting in the nomination,remuneration,and dismissal of supervisors controlled by major shareholders or actual controllers,leading to the collusion among supervisors,major shareholders,actual controllers,directors,or executives.Second,the lack of civil compensation liability of supervisors leads to the dereliction of duty.The way to guarantee the independence of supervisors is to reconstruct the legal status of the board of supervisors and supervisors. 展开更多
关键词 corporate governance board of supervisors independence of supervisors external supervisor
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Optimal deadlock avoidance Petri net supervisors for automated manufacturing systems 认领 引用 被引量：7
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作者 Keyi XING Feng TIAN Xiaojun YANG 《控制理论与应用（英文版）》 2007年第2期152-158,共7页
Deadlock avoidance problems are investigated for automated manufacturing systems with flexible routings. Based on the Petri net models of the systems, this paper proposes, for the first time, the concept of perfect ma... Deadlock avoidance problems are investigated for automated manufacturing systems with flexible routings. Based on the Petri net models of the systems, this paper proposes, for the first time, the concept of perfect maximal resourcetransition circuits and their saturated states. The concept facilitates the development of system liveness characterization and deadlock avoidance Petri net supervisors. Deadlock is characterized as some perfect maximal resource-transition circuits reaching their saturated states. For a large class of manufacturing systems, which do not contain center resources, the optimal deadlock avoidance Petri net supervisors are presented. For a general manufacturing system, a method is proposed for reducing the system Petri net model so that the reduced model does not contain center resources and, hence, has optimal deadlock avoidance Petri net supervisor. The controlled reduced Petri net model can then be used as the liveness supervisor of the system. 展开更多
关键词 Manufacturing system Petri net Deadlock avoidance Supervisor
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Non-Deterministic Liveness-Enforcing Supervisor Tolerant to Sensor-Reading Modification Attacks 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Dan You Shouguang Wang 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第1期240-248,共9页
In this paper, we study the supervisory control problem of discrete event systems assuming that cyber-attacks might occur. In particular, we focus on the problem of liveness enforcement and consider a sensor-reading m... In this paper, we study the supervisory control problem of discrete event systems assuming that cyber-attacks might occur. In particular, we focus on the problem of liveness enforcement and consider a sensor-reading modification attack(SM-attack) that may disguise the occurrence of an event as that of another event by intruding sensor communication channels. To solve the problem, we introduce non-deterministic supervisors in the paper, which associate to every observed sequence a set of possible control actions offline and choose a control action from the set randomly online to control the system. Specifically, given a bounded Petri net(PN) as the reference formalism and an SMattack, an algorithm that synthesizes a liveness-enforcing nondeterministic supervisor tolerant to the SM-attack is proposed for the first time. 展开更多
关键词 Cyber-attacks cyber-physical system(CPS) liveness non-deterministic supervisors Petri net(PN)
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The Design of Supervisory Institutions in the Ming Dynasty and Its Enlightenment to Modern Society 认领 引用
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作者 Zhang Yi 《学术界》 CSSCI 北大核心 2020年第2期224-233,共10页
The supervisory system and the examination system are two indigenous political systems of China,and the former has a longer history than the latter when it comes to the origin.Having inherited the essence of the super... The supervisory system and the examination system are two indigenous political systems of China,and the former has a longer history than the latter when it comes to the origin.Having inherited the essence of the supervisory system since the Qin Dynasty,the supervisory rules in the Ming Dynasty opened a new chapter of legal thoughts of monitoring.This paper started with the design of the supervisory institutions in the Ming Dynasty recorded in the historical materials such as the Memoir of Ming Dynasty and The Interpretive Supplements to"The Great Learning",to get a glimpse of the main content of the legal thoughts of supervisory at that time,and tried to"take history as a mirror"to provide insights and lessons of the legal thoughts of supervisory in the Ming Dynasty for the later generations. 展开更多
关键词 three interdependent judicial departments Court of Censors supervisory censor surveillance division supervisors
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Predictive Control Based on Fuzzy Supervisor for PWARX Hybrid Model 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Olfa Yahya Zeineb Lassoued Kamel Abderrahim 《International Journal of Automation and computing》 CSCD 2019年第5期683-695,共13页
In this paper, the problem of hybrid model predictive control(HMPC) strategy based on fuzzy supervisor for piecewise autoregressive with exogenous input(PWARX) models is addressed. We first represent the nonlinear beh... In this paper, the problem of hybrid model predictive control(HMPC) strategy based on fuzzy supervisor for piecewise autoregressive with exogenous input(PWARX) models is addressed. We first represent the nonlinear behavior of the system with a PWARX model. Then, we transform the obtained PWARX model into a mixed logical dynamic(MLD) model in order to apply the proposed predictive control which is able to stabilize such systems along desired reference trajectories while satisfying operating constraints.Finally, we propose to introduce a fuzzy supervisor allowing the readjustment of the HMPC tuning parameters in order to maintain the desired performance. Simulation and experimental results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. 展开更多
关键词 Nonlinear control hybrid systems mixed logical dynamic(MLD) model predictive control fuzzy supervisor
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The Impact of Supervisory Career Support on Employees’Well-Being:A Dual Path Model of Opportunity and Ability 认领 引用
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作者 Lijun He Weibo Yang +1 位作者 Jialing Miao Jingru Chen 《International Journal of Mental Health Promotion》 2024年第11期943-955,共13页
Background:In the pursuit of fostering employees’well-being,leaders are recognized as playing a vital role.However,so far,most of the existing research has focused on leadership behavior and the superficial interacti... Background:In the pursuit of fostering employees’well-being,leaders are recognized as playing a vital role.However,so far,most of the existing research has focused on leadership behavior and the superficial interaction between leaders and members but has unexpectedly ignored the specific supporting role of supervisors in the career development of employees,that is,supervisory career support.Additionally,the internal mechanism of how career support from supervisors is related to and promotes employees’wellbeing is still unclear.Based on social cognitive career theory(SCCT),this study aimed to explore whether,how,and when supervisory career support affects employee well-being by introducing the two paths of‘career prospect’and‘career confidence.’Methods:During July 2023,this study employed a cross-sectional design.We gathered participants from corporate situated in Southern China.Results:Results based on a large sample of 14,533 employees showed that supervisory career support was positively related to employees’well-being through the dual path of career prospects(opportunity)and career confidence(ability).Employees high in proactive personality experienced the above positive effects most.Conclusion:This study provides meaningful implications for managers to implement personalized support strategies to improve employees’well-being. 展开更多
关键词 Supervisor support employee well-being career prospects career confidence social cognitive career theory
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A learning-based synthesis approach to decentralized supervisory control of discrete event systems with unknown plants 认领 引用
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作者 Jin DAI Hai LIN 《Control Theory and Technology》 EI CSCD 2014年第3期218-233,共16页
In this paper, we consider the problem of automatic synthesis of decentralized supervisor for uncertain discrete event systems. In particular, we study the case when the uncontrolled plant is unknown a priori. To deal... In this paper, we consider the problem of automatic synthesis of decentralized supervisor for uncertain discrete event systems. In particular, we study the case when the uncontrolled plant is unknown a priori. To deal with the unknown plants, we first characterize the conormality of prefix-closed regular languages and propose formulas for computing the supremal conormal sublanguages; then sufficient conditions for the existence of decentralized supervisors are given in terms of language controllability and conormality and a learning-based algorithm to synthesize the supervisor automatically is proposed. Moreover, the paper also studies the on-line decentralized supervisory control of concurrent discrete event systems that are composed of multiple interacting unknown modules. We use the concept of modular controllability to characterize the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the local supervisors, which consist of a set of local supervisor modules, one for each plant module and which determines its control actions based on the locally observed behaviors, and an on-line learning-based local synthesis algorithm is also presented. The correctness and convergence of the proposed algorithms are proved, and their implementation are illustrated through examples. 展开更多
关键词 Discrete-event systems Supervisor synthesis Regular language learning Controllability Decentralized control
Synthesis of Petri net supervisors enforcing general constraints 认领 引用 被引量：6
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作者 ZHANG Yao-yao YAN Gang-feng 《Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A》 EI CAS 2006年第4期623-628,共6页
This paper deals with the synthesis of Petri net supervisor enforcing the more expressive constraints including marking terms, firing vector terms and Parikh vector terms. The method is developed to handle uncontrolla... This paper deals with the synthesis of Petri net supervisor enforcing the more expressive constraints including marking terms, firing vector terms and Parikh vector terms. The method is developed to handle uncontrollable and unobservable transitions existing in the constraints. The “greater-than or equal” general constraints can also be transformed into “less-than or equal” Parikh constraints. An example is analyzed to show how the problem is solved. General constraint is first transformed into Parikh vector constraints, and Matrix-Transformation is proposed to obtain the admissible constraints without uncontrollable and unobservable transitions. Then the supervisor can be constructed based on constraints only consisting of Parikh vector terms. The method is proved to be more concise and effective than the method presented by Iordache and Moody especially when applied to large scale systems. 展开更多
关键词 Petri net Supervisor control Parikh vector Uncontrollable Unobservable
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Reliable Train Network with Active Supervisor 认领 引用
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作者 Mai Hassan Ramez M. Daoud Hassanein H. Amer 《Journal of Transportation Technologies》 2013年第3期214-219,共6页
In this paper, a new reliable hierarchical model is suggested for a two-wagon train Networked Control System. Each wagon has a Controller that carries the control load and an Entertainment server that handles the ente... In this paper, a new reliable hierarchical model is suggested for a two-wagon train Networked Control System. Each wagon has a Controller that carries the control load and an Entertainment server that handles the entertainment. A supervisory controller runs on top of the two controllers and the two entertainment servers. Contrary to a similar model in the literature, the Supervisory node replaces a Controller as soon as it fails (Active Supervisor). All system states are analyzed and simulated using OPNET. It is shown that, for all states, this architecture has zero control packets dropped and the end-to-end delay is below the maximum target delay. A comparison between this Active model and the other model in the literature is presented. It is found that the entertainment in this new architecture is kept available for the passengers in more of the system states when compared to the architecture previously presented in the literature. 展开更多
关键词 Ethernet Train Networked Control Systems Active Supervisor Hierarchical Architecture
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Cognitive Supervisor for an Autonomous Swarm of Robots 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Vladimir G.Ivancevic Darryn J.Reid 《Intelligent Control and Automation》 2017年第1期44-65,共22页
As a sequel to our recent work [1], in which a control framework was developed for large-scale joint swarms of unmanned ground (UGV) and aerial (UAV) vehicles, the present paper proposes cognitive and meta-cognitive s... As a sequel to our recent work [1], in which a control framework was developed for large-scale joint swarms of unmanned ground (UGV) and aerial (UAV) vehicles, the present paper proposes cognitive and meta-cognitive supervisor models for this kind of distributed robotic system. The cognitive supervisor model is a formalization of the recently Nobel-awarded research in brain science on mammalian and human path integration and navigation, performed by the hippocampus. This is formalized here as an adaptive Hamiltonian path integral, and efficiently simulated for implementation on robotic vehicles as a pair of coupled nonlinear Schr?dinger equations. The meta-cognitive supervisor model is a modal logic of actions and plans that hinges on a weak causality relation that specifies when atoms may change their values without specifying that they must change. This relatively simple logic is decidable yet sufficiently expressive to support the level of inference needed in our application. The atoms and action primitives of the logic framework also provide a straight-forward way of connecting the meta-cognitive supervisor with the cognitive supervisor, with other modules, and to the meta-cognitive supervisors of other robotic platforms in the swarm. 展开更多
关键词 Autonomous Robotic Swarm Cognitive Supervisor Hippocampus Path Integration and Navigation Hamiltonian Path Integral Modal Logic Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation Reasoning about Actions and Plans
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The role of trust in supervisor in participative budgeting systems 认领 引用
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作者 Chin-Chun Su 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2010年第10期1-11,共11页
This study examined the relationship between budget participation and managerial performance as mediated by trust in supervisor and explored the moderating role of budget-goal difficulty on budget participation, trust... This study examined the relationship between budget participation and managerial performance as mediated by trust in supervisor and explored the moderating role of budget-goal difficulty on budget participation, trust in supervisor, and managerial performance. One-hundred-fifty-eight useful responses were drawn at random from subordinate managers of manufacturing companies listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange. The mediating effect of trust in supervisor was examined by path analysis. Subgroup analysis was used to examine the contingency effect of budget-goal difficulty on the mediating role of trust in supervisor between budget participation and performance. The findings support our hypotheses and demonstrate the mediating effect of trust in supervisor and the moderating effect of budget-goal difficulty. 展开更多
关键词 budget participation trust in supervisor budget-goal difficulty managerial performance
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The Effect of Customer Verbal Aggression on Burnout in Frontline Employees in Hotels and Travel Agencies: The Moderating Role of Perceived Supervisor Support 认领 引用
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作者 Jailan M. El Demerdash Heba M. Said 《Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management》 2018年第6期291-303,共13页
This study aimed to assess the effect of customer verbal aggression(CVA)on job burnout(JB)in frontline employee in both hotels and travel agencies,trying to reveal if there is a difference between both sectors in this... This study aimed to assess the effect of customer verbal aggression(CVA)on job burnout(JB)in frontline employee in both hotels and travel agencies,trying to reveal if there is a difference between both sectors in this context.The study additionally tested the moderation role of perceived supervisor support(PSS)in the relation between customer verbal aggression and burnout in hotels and travel agencies.Two versions of the questionnaire were distributed online.The first among hotels employees and the second was addressed to travel agencies employees;613 were retrieved and analyzed using the version of Spss 23.0.The results showed a significant difference among the level of customer verbal aggression,job burnout,and perceived supervisor support in hotels and travel agencies.Although there was a significant relation between customer verbal aggression and job burnout among frontline employees in both settings,this relationship was moderated by PSS in hotels but not in travel agencies.Eventually,the study concludes with recommendations and practical managerial implications in this regard and it can be considered as a first step for helping practitioners to efficiently manage such a phenomenon. 展开更多
关键词 customer verbal aggression(CVA) job burnout(JB) perceived supervisor support(PSS) travel agencies hotels frontline employees
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Home-Based Telework in Information Technology Companies:Testing of the Effect of Family Supportive Supervisor Behavior and Gender on Employee Innovation 认领 引用
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作者 MA Jinping ZHANG Bocheng Matthew S.Mingus 《China-USA Business Review》 2023年第1期1-19,共19页
Home-based telework(HBT)is not new,but has rapidly evolved since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.The effectiveness of telework or“work from home”remains controversial among researchers,while the relationship betw... Home-based telework(HBT)is not new,but has rapidly evolved since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.The effectiveness of telework or“work from home”remains controversial among researchers,while the relationship between HBT and employee innovative behavior(EIB)has not received sufficient attention.Relying on resource conservation theory,social exchange theory,and cognitive-emotional systems theory,a chain mediation model of HBT on EIB was constructed with perceived organizational support(POS)and perceived insider status(PIS)as mediating variables.HBT may cause the blurring of work-family boundaries and female employees tend to devote more energy to family life,and so the three-order moderating effect of family supportive supervisor behavior(FSSB)and gender was also examined.We found that HBT has a positive effect on EIB based on data from home-based workers in 12 Chinese information technology companies.Also,POS and PIS play separate as well as chained mediating roles in this relationship.Notably,there are gender differences in the moderating effect of FSSB on the relationship between HBT and EIB where FSSB positively moderates the relationship only among male employees. 展开更多
关键词 home-based telework employee innovative behavior perceived organizational support perceived insider status family supportive supervisor behavior information technology
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A Supervisor's Roles for Successful Thesis and Dissertation 认领 引用
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作者 Nathara Mhunpiew 《US-China Education Review(A)》 2013年第2期119-122,共4页
The success of a thesis or a dissertation for a graduate student relies upon the roles of their supervisor. The student not only needs to be equipped with the knowledge, but also be able to manage others and external ... The success of a thesis or a dissertation for a graduate student relies upon the roles of their supervisor. The student not only needs to be equipped with the knowledge, but also be able to manage others and external factors at the same time. The journey during the period of conducting research is mixed with various tasks. Five supportive roles of a supervisor involving the supervision system are specific technical support, broader intellectual support, administrative support, management, and personal support brings about the output of the study. A supervisor＇s roles for successful thesis and dissertation is reported by using the survey on graduate students in the universities in Thailand probing for the current practices of supervisor and the expectation of student towards the supervisor＇s roles. The reflection from the students＇ perspective can help develop relationship between supervisor and student for undertaking a successful thesis and dissertation. 展开更多
关键词 supervisor＇s roles thesis and dissertation graduate study
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Public Building Supervisors' Assessment of Site Progress Record Keeping Practices in Abuja, Nigeria 认领 引用
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作者 Ikemefuna Mbamali Eyitene Aina Nesiama Ibrahim Khalilullahi Zubairu 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2012年第3期379-384,共6页
The importance of good site progress records in quality assurance; tracking project progress; preparing, analyzing and resolving claims; and placing responsibilities in the event of dispute in building contracts is wi... The importance of good site progress records in quality assurance; tracking project progress; preparing, analyzing and resolving claims; and placing responsibilities in the event of dispute in building contracts is widely recognized. This study engaged Public Building Supervisors in the assessment of site progress record keeping practices in Abuja. A simple structured questionnaire （which mainly assessed the nature and importance of records kept, reasons for keeping them; level of satisfaction with the current approach, challenges and practical ways of improving the practice） was administrated to a hundred of the supervisors, out of which seventy one was properly completed and returned. The results show that all five site progress documents （minutes of progress meetings, day-work sheets, photographs, weekly site records and personal site diaries） found in literature, are in use in Abuja, and have at least a high importance rating （i.e., relative importance index, 0.6 〈 RII 〈 0.8）. Prominent among the reasons for keeping the records are： control of ongoing work （R11 = 0.83） data for estimating future works and terms of contract requirement （each with RII = 0.823）. Though the present record keeping practices were largely assessed satisfactory, 95% of the Supervisors still yearned for improvement. The challenges to the current practice are consistent with those identified in literature and are： continuity consistency, legibility and accountability; in descending order of frequency of occurrence. Computerization, regular inspection of progress documents by assigned supervisors and in-house training of site staff are recommended for improving the record keeping practices. 展开更多
关键词 Site progress record - keeping site record practices in Abuja public building supervisors.
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Research on the Influence of Early Experience on the Growth Rate of Science and Engineering Graduate Supervisors 认领 引用
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作者 Yu Xia 《Journal of Contemporary Educational Research》 2021年第9期114-120,共7页
This research is based on three northeastern double first-class polytechnic universities.A total of 1628 science and engineering graduate supervisors?resumes were referred to from an official website by the random sam... This research is based on three northeastern double first-class polytechnic universities.A total of 1628 science and engineering graduate supervisors?resumes were referred to from an official website by the random sampling method,of which only 500 supervisors were included in consideration of complete information,key events,and time in terms of the educational background(undergraduate school,graduate school,doctoral school,number of masters,number for Dr.),early work background(number of postdocs,number of overseas visits,numbers of research work),and the growth rate(period from graduation to associate professor title).The higher education background and early work background were defined as early experience,and the database of these 500 science and engineering graduate supervisors with complete resume information from three double first-class universities in northeastern China was established.In this study,the growth rate of the growth period was divided into two at the critical period:the growth rate of the graduate supervisor to associate professors.Through stepwise multiple regression analysis,it was found that higher education background(undergraduate schools,graduate schools,doctoral schools,as well as the number of master's and doctorate degrees)as well as early work background(number of postdoctoral work,research work,and overseas visits)have a significant impact on the growth rate of graduate supervisors to associate professors. 展开更多
关键词 Graduate supervisors Growth period Growth rate Early experience
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What Role Does People's Supervisor System Play in China? 认领 引用
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作者 Xin Fu 《US-China Law Review》 2005年第12期76-81,共6页
People＇s supervisor system enforced by the Supreme People＇s Procuratorate plays a positive role in improving judicial democracy and fair enforcement of law. Given its social and democratic nature, however, it is imp... People＇s supervisor system enforced by the Supreme People＇s Procuratorate plays a positive role in improving judicial democracy and fair enforcement of law. Given its social and democratic nature, however, it is impossible for the system to replace the effect of legal supervision over the procuratorial power. The problems on supervision require further reforms of judicial system in China. 展开更多
关键词 people＇s supervisor system role supervision balance and check of powers
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