1.Introduction Sustainable development is widely regarded as a crucial way for human civilization to survive.To operationalize sustainability across social,economic,and environmental dimensions,the United Nations adop...1.Introduction Sustainable development is widely regarded as a crucial way for human civilization to survive.To operationalize sustainability across social,economic,and environmental dimensions,the United Nations adopted the 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)and 169 targets as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2015(United Nations,2015).Until 2025,with the joint efforts of the world,SDGs have made significant progress in social resource allocation,disease prevention and control,and energy transformation,but the current rate of change remains insufficient to achieve all SDGs in 2030(United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs,2025).How to accelerate the high-quality implementation of SDGs,with only four years left until 2030,is one of the core issues in current sustainable development research.展开更多
1.Background The United Nations(UN)2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,adopted in 2015,established the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)as a comprehensive framework to address global challenges through interconn...1.Background The United Nations(UN)2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,adopted in 2015,established the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)as a comprehensive framework to address global challenges through interconnected social,economic,and environmental targets.展开更多
Plant phenotyping captures the integrated structural and functional traits of crops across cellular,tissue,organ,whole-plant,and population scales.It represents the outward expression of genotype-environment interacti...Plant phenotyping captures the integrated structural and functional traits of crops across cellular,tissue,organ,whole-plant,and population scales.It represents the outward expression of genotype-environment interactions and provides essential technological support for precision breeding,smart agriculture,and sustainable crop production.As farming shifts from experience-based to data-driven decision-making,the efficient acquisition and integrated analysis of phenotypic information at multiple spatial scales has emerged as a major research frontier at the intersection of agronomy,plant science,and agricultural engineering.展开更多
The recent review article "Green agriculture enabled by versatile metal-organic frameworks:A review" by Wan et al.(Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2026) provides a timely and comprehensive synthesis of th...The recent review article "Green agriculture enabled by versatile metal-organic frameworks:A review" by Wan et al.(Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2026) provides a timely and comprehensive synthesis of the rapidly evolving role of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) in addressing the pressing challenges of modern agriculture.As the global population grows and environmental degradation intensifies,the quest for sustainable agricultural practices has never been more urgent.This review not only catalogues the impressive versatility of MOFs but also frames their application within the broader paradigms of green chemistry,circular economy,and smart farming.展开更多
Modern agriculture relies heavily on resource-intensive and environmentally harmful inputs,while the increasing global population and decreasing arable land demand new strategies to improve sustainable productivity of...Modern agriculture relies heavily on resource-intensive and environmentally harmful inputs,while the increasing global population and decreasing arable land demand new strategies to improve sustainable productivity of cereal crops,particularly reducing inorganic nitrogen fertilizer use while simultaneously increasing photosynthesis and grain yield in rice.To improve rice productivity,it is essential to improve photosynthetic nitrogen assimilation and optimize the translocation of carbon and nitrogen products from source to sink tissues.In this review,we first summarize recent advances in the genetic basis for improving grain yield by enhancing photosynthetic carbon and nitrogen assimilation.We then discuss progress in modulating the source-sink relationships to achieve higher yield and improved harvest index.Finally,we explore the necessary optimizations for adapting rice to high-density planting.These advancements are driving the development of sustainable green revolution varieties through the rational design of multi-gene pyramids and artificial intelligence-driven protein engineering.展开更多
Sustainable energy systems will entail a change in the carbon intensity projections,which should be carried out in a proper manner to facilitate the smooth running of the grid and reduce greenhouse emissions.The prese...Sustainable energy systems will entail a change in the carbon intensity projections,which should be carried out in a proper manner to facilitate the smooth running of the grid and reduce greenhouse emissions.The present article outlines the TransCarbonNet,a novel hybrid deep learning framework with self-attention characteristics added to the bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM)network to forecast the carbon intensity of the grid several days.The proposed temporal fusion model not only learns the local temporal interactions but also the long-term patterns of the carbon emission data;hence,it is able to give suitable forecasts over a period of seven days.TransCarbonNet takes advantage of a multi-head self-attention element to identify significant temporal connections,which means the Bi-LSTM element calculates sequential dependencies in both directions.Massive tests on two actual data sets indicate much improved results in comparison with the existing results,with mean relative errors of 15.3 percent and 12.7 percent,respectively.The framework has given explicable weights of attention that reveal critical periods that influence carbon intensity alterations,and informed decisions on the management of carbon sustainability.The effectiveness of the proposed solution has been validated in numerous cases of operations,and TransCarbonNet is established to be an effective tool when it comes to carbon-friendly optimization of the grid.展开更多
Fish stock assessment is essential for ensuring the sustainable utilization of marine resources.We evaluated the stock status of the Pomadasys olivaceus along both the Balochistan and Sindh coasts of Pakistan using Ca...Fish stock assessment is essential for ensuring the sustainable utilization of marine resources.We evaluated the stock status of the Pomadasys olivaceus along both the Balochistan and Sindh coasts of Pakistan using Catch-based Monte Carlo Maximum sustainable yield(CMSY),Bayesian Schaefer model(BSM),and a stock production model incorporating covariates(ASPIC)models based on catch and effort data from 2000 to 2022.Results from all models indicate the B/BMSY(relative biomass)values were below1.0 and F/FMSY(fishery exploitation)values>1,indicating that the stock is severely overfished in both regions.The estimated maximum sustainable yield(MSY)from the CMSY and BSM methods ranged between 2440–2670 metric tons(mt)for Balochistan and 2430–2650 mt for Sindh.The ASPIC model(Fox and Logistic)also indicated overexploitation,with MSY estimates of 1585 mt(Fox)and 1379 mt(Logistic)for Balochistan,showing critical stock depletion.In contrast,MSY estimates from Sindh were3260 mt and 3024 mt,suggesting stock condition was not over fished.These findings offer a scientific basis for the formulation of targeted management and conservation strategies by the government,particularly emphasizing urgent intervention for the Balochistan coast to ensure the long-term sustainability of the P.olivaceus fishery.展开更多
Surfactants are indispensable in various industrial sectors;however,the poor biodegradability and environmental toxicity of synthetic surfactants have intensified the demand for sustainable alternatives.In this study,...Surfactants are indispensable in various industrial sectors;however,the poor biodegradability and environmental toxicity of synthetic surfactants have intensified the demand for sustainable alternatives.In this study,Bacillus velezensis DG5714 was isolated from an oil sludge-contaminated environment and comprehensively characterized in terms of its metabolic and genetic properties to validate its ecological safety and potential application as a biosurfactant-producing strain.The biosurfactant extracted from this strain was structurally identified as surfactin C.It exhibited exceptional surface activity,reducing the surface tension of water to 23.13 mN/m at a critical micelle concentration of 0.1 mg/mL.In addition,the biosurfactant demonstrated remarkable stability across wide ranges of pH(4-10),temperature(30-80℃),and salinity(3%-18%).Functional assessments revealed that its foaming and emulsifying abilities were comparable to those of conventional synthetic surfactants.Toxicity evaluations,including hemolysis assays,in vitro cytotoxicity tests,and in vivo phytotoxicity assays,confirmed its excellent biocompatibility and ecological safety.Overall,the biosurfactant derived from B.velezensis DG5714exhibits strong potential as a sustainable and effective alternative to synthetic surfactants owing to its excellent surface activity.In addition,this study presents a systematic approach for proposing sustainable alternatives to conventional synthetic surfactants.展开更多
This review delves into the burgeoning field of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4)photocatalysis,offering a comprehensive synthesis of recent advancements.It first examines the structural and electronic properties...This review delves into the burgeoning field of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4)photocatalysis,offering a comprehensive synthesis of recent advancements.It first examines the structural and electronic properties of g-C3N4,and further explores how these intrinsic characteristics regulate its performance in light-driven reactions.Despite its potential,g-C3N4faces hurdles such as restricted visible-light absorption and suboptimal charge carrier dynamics.To this end,the review outlines innovative strategies to enhance its light-harvesting and charge-transport capabilities,including defect engineering,bandgap modulation,and the design of nanostructured architectures.Moreover,it highlights the critical importance of developing scalable synthesis protocols that strike a balance between efficiency and cost-effectiveness.Finally,future research perspectives are presented,with a specific emphasis on unlocking the full application potential of g-C3N4in sustainable energy production and environmental remediation.展开更多
In heterogeneous Fenton-like systems,the oxidative polymerization pathway is of great significance in the field of sustainable water treatment.Unlike the traditional mineralization pathway,it can convert organic pollu...In heterogeneous Fenton-like systems,the oxidative polymerization pathway is of great significance in the field of sustainable water treatment.Unlike the traditional mineralization pathway,it can convert organic pollutants into polymers,thereby achieving the recovery of carbon resources.This paper focuses on the core content related to this pathway,expounding that the mechanism of oxidative polymerization is influenced by multiple factors(catalysts,oxidants,organic matters).Meanwhile,various methods exist for identifying the polymerization pathway,such as electrochemical experiments,Raman spectroscopy analysis,and mass spectrometry technology,which can infer the reaction process and product structure.Additionally,this paper reveals two pathways for pollutant removal through oxidative polymerization:The radical pathway and the non-radical pathway.In the future,advanced characterization techniques should be used to deeply explore the microscopic mechanism of oxidative polymerization,optimize catalyst design,expand practical application research,and explore comprehensive utilization pathways for its products,so as to promote the development of sustainable water treatment technologies.展开更多
In pursuit of more efficient low-carbon ironmaking,fulfilling the requirements of blast furnace materials,four types of low-carbon cold-bound pellets were prepared from blended iron ore,which were dually strengthened ...In pursuit of more efficient low-carbon ironmaking,fulfilling the requirements of blast furnace materials,four types of low-carbon cold-bound pellets were prepared from blended iron ore,which were dually strengthened through sintered return fines and binder.The strengthening mechanism of low-carbon cold-bound pellets was discussed based on the analysis of the characterization results including optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the reduction performance detection results.The results demonstrate that,when subjected to external forces,the interlocking of returned fines with blended iron ores leads to the formation of a load-bearing skeleton.During the drying process,the binder is dehydrated and condensed to yield a gel network structure,with which the bonding effect is imposed.In contrast to the organic binder PR,the inorganic binder SS ensures a stabler thermal structure and reduction performance for the cold-bound pellets.The comparison of energy consumption and carbon emissions was estimated before and after introducing cold-bound pellets in the process,and it was ascertained that low-carbon cold-bound pellets are able to foster the low-carbon sustainable ironmaking.展开更多
The Qilian Mountains(QLMs),a critical transitional zone between China's cold and arid regions,serve as a vital ecological security barrier and water conservation area.Their sustainable development is essential for...The Qilian Mountains(QLMs),a critical transitional zone between China's cold and arid regions,serve as a vital ecological security barrier and water conservation area.Their sustainable development is essential for achieving regional ecological civilization and coordinated socio-economic progress.This study,grounded in ecological carrying capacity theory,established a comprehensive evaluation index system for the QLMs,delineated ecological functional zones using natural and socioeconomic data from 2001–2020,and then explored six sustainable development modes.Results revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in ecological carrying capacity in QLMs from 2001 to 2020,based on which ecological red line(32.02%),yellow line(40.30%),and green line(27.68%)zones were designated.The red,yellow,and green line zones correspond to priority conservation,conservation-development coordination,and appropriate development areas,respectively.For different zones,six differentiated development modes were proposed,the ecological conservation mode emphasized strict protection and systematic restoration to secure key ecological functions.The ecological compensation mode used institutionalized compensation to offset conservation costs and improve both protection performance and livelihoods.The ecological tourism mode leveraged natural and cultural resources to generate green income.The aboriginal integration mode strengthened resilience through livelihood transition and cultural continuity.The community co-management mode enhanced local governance through shared rights,responsibilities,and benefits.The social participation mode reinforced regional governance via multi-actor collaboration and resource integration.Overall,ecological red line zones emphasized conservation and compensation,yellow line zones balanced social participation,while green line zones integrated all six modes.This study provided actionable solutions to resolve the conflict between ecological protection and economic development in the QLMs,and offered a replicable‘assessment-zoning-modeling'framework for sustainable development in other ecologically fragile and barrier regions in China.展开更多
The accumulation of refractory organics in Bayer liquor(pH 14.4)critically compromises aluminum production efficiency and product quality,necessitating sustainable remediation strategies.Herein,we develop an ultrasoni...The accumulation of refractory organics in Bayer liquor(pH 14.4)critically compromises aluminum production efficiency and product quality,necessitating sustainable remediation strategies.Herein,we develop an ultrasonic-driven catalytic ozonation system with dynamically reconstructed CuO/Cu2O heterointerfaces,achieving unprecedented efficiency in extreme alkaline wastewater treatment.Atomic-scale interface engineering endows the catalyst with hydrophilicity(contact angle:6.1°)and 3.8–4.3 times higher oxygen vacancy density compared to single-phase catalysts.These properties facilitate efficient interfacial interactions with Bayer liquor and enable superior ozone activation through synergistic Cu(I)/Cu(II)redox cycling across the heterointerface.This interfacial synergy reduces ozone adsorption energy from 5.46 eV(Cu2O)to 1.48 eV,driving the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)via low-energy pathways.Under optimized conditions,the system achieves 57.82%TOC removal within 1.5 h with 2.3-fold faster kinetics than ozone–alone processes,while improving energy efficiency by 1.82–3.22 times per kWh over conventional thermal oxidation.Remarkable stability is demonstrated through 80.21%activity retention after 6 cycles,attributed to surface energy minimization(0.61 J m−2),alongside 67.91%hydroxyl radical(•OH)-mediated degradation confirmed by quenching tests.In XPS,EEMs analysis,and ECOSAR modeling further elucidate the surface reconstruction mechanism and intermediate toxicity reduction.This work establishes an atomic interface design paradigm that bridges catalytic innovation with green metallurgy applications,offering a sustainable solution for industrial wastewater remediation aligned with circular economy principles.展开更多
The swift transition to sustainable energy has heightened demand for highperformance,safe,and environmentally responsible battery technologies.Zn-,Mg-,Na-,Al-,Fe-,organic,and bio-based systems offer several advantages...The swift transition to sustainable energy has heightened demand for highperformance,safe,and environmentally responsible battery technologies.Zn-,Mg-,Na-,Al-,Fe-,organic,and bio-based systems offer several advantages over traditional resourceintensive and toxic alternatives.However,their practical implications are significantly challenged by their susceptibility to electrochemical corrosion,which adversely affects their efficiency,longevity,safety,recyclability,and reversibility.Corrosion is one of the most significant and persistent barriers to the development of next-generation energy storage systems.This review comprehensively presents unified mechanisms of corrosion across diverse sustainable battery systems,with a detailed account of pitting,uniform,galvanic,intergranular,and passivation-related degradation pathways.The article presents a unique comparison of the degradation mechanisms of Zn,Al,Mg,and other anodes in different electrolytes.Corrosion mitigation strategies,including surface passivation,surface engineering,alloying,use of surfactants and polymer-based films,ionic liquids,deep eutectic solvents,metal–organic frameworks,heterocycles,and bio-based multifunctional corrosion inhibitors,have been comprehensively surveyed.These inhibitors suppress the increase in cycle life,achieving inhibition efficiencies of over 90%.Lastly,the review highlights the design of molecular-level corrosion inhibitors,interfacial engineering,real-time corrosion testing,advanced electrolytes,and forward-looking directions,all of which are essential to the development of sustainable,stable energy storage systems.展开更多
Environmental problems are intensifying due to the rapid growth of the population,industry,and urban infrastructure.This expansion has resulted in increased air and water pollution,intensified urban heat island effect...Environmental problems are intensifying due to the rapid growth of the population,industry,and urban infrastructure.This expansion has resulted in increased air and water pollution,intensified urban heat island effects,and greater runoff from parks and other green spaces.Addressing these challenges requires prioritizing green infrastructure and other sustainable urban development strategies.This study introduces a novel Integrated Decision Support System that combines Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets with the Advanced Alternative Ranking Order Method allowing for Two-Step Normalization(AAROM-TN),enhanced by a dual weighting strategy.The weighting approach integrates the Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation(CRITIC)method with the Criteria Importance through Means and Standard Deviation(CIMAS)technique.The originality of the proposed framework lies in its ability to objectively quantify criteria importance using CRITIC,incorporate decision-makers’preferences through CIMAS,and capture the uncertainty and hesitation inherent in human judgment via Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets.A case study evaluating green infrastructure alternatives in metropolitan regions demonstrates the applicability and effectiveness of the framework.A sensitivity analysis is conducted to examine how variations in criteria weights affect the rankings and to evaluate the robustness of the results.Furthermore,a comparative analysis highlights the practical and financial implications of each alternative by assessing their respective strengths and weaknesses.展开更多
Plant growth-promoting fungi(PGPF)are a diverse group of non-pathogenic fungi that benefit host plants through multiple mechanisms.With the growing global emphasis on sustainable agriculture,research has increasingly ...Plant growth-promoting fungi(PGPF)are a diverse group of non-pathogenic fungi that benefit host plants through multiple mechanisms.With the growing global emphasis on sustainable agriculture,research has increasingly focused on understanding fungal ecology and its role in enhancing plant growth and development.PGPF contributes significantly by facilitating nutrient acquisition,solubilizing minerals,producing growth hormones,and transferring essential elements from the soil to plants.PGPF have been proposed as biofertilizers,bio-stimulants,and/or biocontrol agents for a variety of plant species in earlier research findings.Modern biotechnological tools can help uncover plant-PGPF interactions,facilitating the development of crop-specific bioinoculants.This reviewcritically evaluates PGPF as drivers of sustainable agriculture by bridging mechanistic insights with field-level applications.Unlike previous descriptive reviews,this study integrates nutrient acquisition,stress resilience mechanisms,and real-world efficacy under varying environmental conditions.We highlight the role of PGPF in climate-resilient cropping systems and circular bioeconomy frameworks,including waste valorization and biofertilizer development.Furthermore,we identify key limitations such as host specificity,environmental variability,and scalability challenges.Finally,future research directions including omics-driven inoculant design and microbiome engineering are proposed.This review provides a novel,integrative perspective on the application of PGPF in sustainable agriculture.展开更多
Fusarium wilt of banana,caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense(Foc),particularly the virulent tropical race 4(TR4),remains a critical threat to global banana production.Conventional control strategies,including che...Fusarium wilt of banana,caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense(Foc),particularly the virulent tropical race 4(TR4),remains a critical threat to global banana production.Conventional control strategies,including chemical treatments and quarantine measures,have been largely ineffective due to the pathogen’s soilborne persistence.This review highlights recent biotechnological innovations offering sustainable solutions for disease management.Advances in genomic tools,genetic engineering,RNA interference,and microbial biocontrol have demonstrated significant potential,with transgenic and CRISPR/Cas9-edited banana cultivars exhibiting enhanced resistance to Foc.Additionally,beneficial microbes such as Trichoderma spp.strengthen host defenses,while high-throughput technologies,including artificial intelligence and big data analytics,enable early detection and real-time monitoring of disease outbreaks.However,challenges such as regulatory hurdles,insufficient field validation,and evolving pathogen virulence hinder widespread implementation.A multidisciplinary approach integrating biotechnology with sustainable agronomic practices is crucial for long-term mitigation.Strengthening global collaboration and fostering continued innovation are imperative to protect banana production,ensuring food security and economic stability worldwide.展开更多
Pursuing sustainable growth of Farmland Green Production Efficiency(FGPE)is crucial for achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),particularly SDG2(Zero Hunger),SDG 12(Responsible Consumption and Producti...Pursuing sustainable growth of Farmland Green Production Efficiency(FGPE)is crucial for achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),particularly SDG2(Zero Hunger),SDG 12(Responsible Consumption and Production),SDG13(Climate Action),and SDG 15(Life on Land)in ecologically fragile basins.However,the dynamics,drivers,and challenges of FGPE remain underexplored within the SDGs framework,especially at finer spatial scale and across coupled“society-economy-policy-climate”(SEPC)drivers.This study develops an FGPE assessment framework through SDGs lens,utilizing“elements-processes-functions-drivers”paradigm and data from 447 counties in the Yellow River Basin(YRB)from 2000 to 2022.We apply super-efficiency Slacks-Based Measure and Malmquist-Luenberger(SBM-ML),spatial correlation analysis,and geographically and temporally weighted regression models to assess FGPE growth challenges.Results reveal a“U-shaped”trend in the number of high-FGPE counties,with a rapid increase after 2016.Specifically,FGPE across the YRB increased by 97.6%from 2000 to 2022,though spatial correlation declined by 44.7%,indicating weakening spatial spillover effect.Despite the overall progress,the YRB still faces multiple challenges,including uneven regional development,weakening spatial correlation,climate sensitivity,economic structural shift,and weak policy effect.The findings highlight that FGPE improvement align with key SDGs targets,including enhancing food security(SDG 2),promoting sustainable production(SDG 12),increasing climate resilience(SDG 13),and conserving land ecosystems(SDG 15).Region-specific strategies are recommended:enhancing climate resilience and ecological conservation in the upper reaches,promoting technological diffusion via urban-industrial transformation in the middle reaches,and advancing green agricultural technologies with more local financial support in the lower reaches.展开更多
Electrocatalysis has emerged as a cornerstone of sustainable energy conversion,offering a route to synthesize valuable chemicals and fuels using renewable electricity[1-3].Processes such as water electrolysis[4],CO_(2...Electrocatalysis has emerged as a cornerstone of sustainable energy conversion,offering a route to synthesize valuable chemicals and fuels using renewable electricity[1-3].Processes such as water electrolysis[4],CO2reduction[5],and biomass oxidation[6]promise to decarbonize the chemical industry,yet their practical realization remains hindered by sluggish kinetics and parasitic side reactions.At the heart of these challenges lies the complexity of the solid-liquid interface[7],where the solvent structure,reactant speciation,hydrogenbond network,and dynamic adsorbate coverage collectively govern the catalytic process under nonequilibrium conditions[8].Traditional catalyst descriptors,including the Sabatier principle,volcano plots,and/or adsorption energy,usually focused on optimizing static surface structures,have achieved remarkable progress but increasingly fall short in describing and controlling real electrochemical interfaces that evolve dynamically during operation.展开更多
Cement-based materials and fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)composites are fundamental material families in modern construc-tion.As structural materials,both occupy important positions in terms of global production volume...Cement-based materials and fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)composites are fundamental material families in modern construc-tion.As structural materials,both occupy important positions in terms of global production volume,economic contribution,and carbon footprint.Cement-based materials are the most widely manufactured materials on Earth,with approximately 40 billion tonnes of cement produced annually,accounting for 7%–8%of glo-bal carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions.On the other hand,owing to unique advantages including high specific strength,excellent cor-rosion resistance,and design flexibility,FRP composites are garner-ing widespread attention in civil engineering applications.Both materials are being significantly advanced in terms of sustainabil-ity and high performance through cutting-edge studies.The key directions of recent research in this field involve simultaneously reducing embodied carbon,extending structural life,and enabling hybrid systems.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Special Project of“Intergovernmental International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation”in the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2025YFE0111302)the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2024J013)the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(Grants No.3502Z202573087 and 3502Z202572040)。
摘要1.Introduction Sustainable development is widely regarded as a crucial way for human civilization to survive.To operationalize sustainability across social,economic,and environmental dimensions,the United Nations adopted the 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)and 169 targets as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2015(United Nations,2015).Until 2025,with the joint efforts of the world,SDGs have made significant progress in social resource allocation,disease prevention and control,and energy transformation,but the current rate of change remains insufficient to achieve all SDGs in 2030(United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs,2025).How to accelerate the high-quality implementation of SDGs,with only four years left until 2030,is one of the core issues in current sustainable development research.
摘要1.Background The United Nations(UN)2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,adopted in 2015,established the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)as a comprehensive framework to address global challenges through interconnected social,economic,and environmental targets.
摘要Plant phenotyping captures the integrated structural and functional traits of crops across cellular,tissue,organ,whole-plant,and population scales.It represents the outward expression of genotype-environment interactions and provides essential technological support for precision breeding,smart agriculture,and sustainable crop production.As farming shifts from experience-based to data-driven decision-making,the efficient acquisition and integrated analysis of phenotypic information at multiple spatial scales has emerged as a major research frontier at the intersection of agronomy,plant science,and agricultural engineering.
摘要The recent review article "Green agriculture enabled by versatile metal-organic frameworks:A review" by Wan et al.(Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2026) provides a timely and comprehensive synthesis of the rapidly evolving role of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) in addressing the pressing challenges of modern agriculture.As the global population grows and environmental degradation intensifies,the quest for sustainable agricultural practices has never been more urgent.This review not only catalogues the impressive versatility of MOFs but also frames their application within the broader paradigms of green chemistry,circular economy,and smart farming.
基金supported by grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32222061 and 32301862)the Stra-tegic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0630102)the New Cornerstone Investigation Program(NCI202234)。
摘要Modern agriculture relies heavily on resource-intensive and environmentally harmful inputs,while the increasing global population and decreasing arable land demand new strategies to improve sustainable productivity of cereal crops,particularly reducing inorganic nitrogen fertilizer use while simultaneously increasing photosynthesis and grain yield in rice.To improve rice productivity,it is essential to improve photosynthetic nitrogen assimilation and optimize the translocation of carbon and nitrogen products from source to sink tissues.In this review,we first summarize recent advances in the genetic basis for improving grain yield by enhancing photosynthetic carbon and nitrogen assimilation.We then discuss progress in modulating the source-sink relationships to achieve higher yield and improved harvest index.Finally,we explore the necessary optimizations for adapting rice to high-density planting.These advancements are driving the development of sustainable green revolution varieties through the rational design of multi-gene pyramids and artificial intelligence-driven protein engineering.
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research and Libraries at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,through the“Nafea”Program,Grant No.(NP-45-082).
摘要Sustainable energy systems will entail a change in the carbon intensity projections,which should be carried out in a proper manner to facilitate the smooth running of the grid and reduce greenhouse emissions.The present article outlines the TransCarbonNet,a novel hybrid deep learning framework with self-attention characteristics added to the bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM)network to forecast the carbon intensity of the grid several days.The proposed temporal fusion model not only learns the local temporal interactions but also the long-term patterns of the carbon emission data;hence,it is able to give suitable forecasts over a period of seven days.TransCarbonNet takes advantage of a multi-head self-attention element to identify significant temporal connections,which means the Bi-LSTM element calculates sequential dependencies in both directions.Massive tests on two actual data sets indicate much improved results in comparison with the existing results,with mean relative errors of 15.3 percent and 12.7 percent,respectively.The framework has given explicable weights of attention that reveal critical periods that influence carbon intensity alterations,and informed decisions on the management of carbon sustainability.The effectiveness of the proposed solution has been validated in numerous cases of operations,and TransCarbonNet is established to be an effective tool when it comes to carbon-friendly optimization of the grid.
基金Supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council(CSC)and Ocean University of China,Qingdao。
摘要Fish stock assessment is essential for ensuring the sustainable utilization of marine resources.We evaluated the stock status of the Pomadasys olivaceus along both the Balochistan and Sindh coasts of Pakistan using Catch-based Monte Carlo Maximum sustainable yield(CMSY),Bayesian Schaefer model(BSM),and a stock production model incorporating covariates(ASPIC)models based on catch and effort data from 2000 to 2022.Results from all models indicate the B/BMSY(relative biomass)values were below1.0 and F/FMSY(fishery exploitation)values>1,indicating that the stock is severely overfished in both regions.The estimated maximum sustainable yield(MSY)from the CMSY and BSM methods ranged between 2440–2670 metric tons(mt)for Balochistan and 2430–2650 mt for Sindh.The ASPIC model(Fox and Logistic)also indicated overexploitation,with MSY estimates of 1585 mt(Fox)and 1379 mt(Logistic)for Balochistan,showing critical stock depletion.In contrast,MSY estimates from Sindh were3260 mt and 3024 mt,suggesting stock condition was not over fished.These findings offer a scientific basis for the formulation of targeted management and conservation strategies by the government,particularly emphasizing urgent intervention for the Balochistan coast to ensure the long-term sustainability of the P.olivaceus fishery.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(Nos.RS-2021-NR060118 and RS-2025-00555808)a part of the Global Bluefood Leadership Project(No.RS-2025-02373103),funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries,Korea。
摘要Surfactants are indispensable in various industrial sectors;however,the poor biodegradability and environmental toxicity of synthetic surfactants have intensified the demand for sustainable alternatives.In this study,Bacillus velezensis DG5714 was isolated from an oil sludge-contaminated environment and comprehensively characterized in terms of its metabolic and genetic properties to validate its ecological safety and potential application as a biosurfactant-producing strain.The biosurfactant extracted from this strain was structurally identified as surfactin C.It exhibited exceptional surface activity,reducing the surface tension of water to 23.13 mN/m at a critical micelle concentration of 0.1 mg/mL.In addition,the biosurfactant demonstrated remarkable stability across wide ranges of pH(4-10),temperature(30-80℃),and salinity(3%-18%).Functional assessments revealed that its foaming and emulsifying abilities were comparable to those of conventional synthetic surfactants.Toxicity evaluations,including hemolysis assays,in vitro cytotoxicity tests,and in vivo phytotoxicity assays,confirmed its excellent biocompatibility and ecological safety.Overall,the biosurfactant derived from B.velezensis DG5714exhibits strong potential as a sustainable and effective alternative to synthetic surfactants owing to its excellent surface activity.In addition,this study presents a systematic approach for proposing sustainable alternatives to conventional synthetic surfactants.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC3710800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22005123 and 22402151)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2023MB049).
摘要This review delves into the burgeoning field of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4)photocatalysis,offering a comprehensive synthesis of recent advancements.It first examines the structural and electronic properties of g-C3N4,and further explores how these intrinsic characteristics regulate its performance in light-driven reactions.Despite its potential,g-C3N4faces hurdles such as restricted visible-light absorption and suboptimal charge carrier dynamics.To this end,the review outlines innovative strategies to enhance its light-harvesting and charge-transport capabilities,including defect engineering,bandgap modulation,and the design of nanostructured architectures.Moreover,it highlights the critical importance of developing scalable synthesis protocols that strike a balance between efficiency and cost-effectiveness.Finally,future research perspectives are presented,with a specific emphasis on unlocking the full application potential of g-C3N4in sustainable energy production and environmental remediation.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52160001)the Science and Technology Project of Water Resources Department of Jiangxi Province(No.202526YBKT30)+1 种基金the Key Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.20242BAB26085)Science and Technology Project of Water Resources Department of Jiangxi Province(No.202425YBKT26)。
摘要In heterogeneous Fenton-like systems,the oxidative polymerization pathway is of great significance in the field of sustainable water treatment.Unlike the traditional mineralization pathway,it can convert organic pollutants into polymers,thereby achieving the recovery of carbon resources.This paper focuses on the core content related to this pathway,expounding that the mechanism of oxidative polymerization is influenced by multiple factors(catalysts,oxidants,organic matters).Meanwhile,various methods exist for identifying the polymerization pathway,such as electrochemical experiments,Raman spectroscopy analysis,and mass spectrometry technology,which can infer the reaction process and product structure.Additionally,this paper reveals two pathways for pollutant removal through oxidative polymerization:The radical pathway and the non-radical pathway.In the future,advanced characterization techniques should be used to deeply explore the microscopic mechanism of oxidative polymerization,optimize catalyst design,expand practical application research,and explore comprehensive utilization pathways for its products,so as to promote the development of sustainable water treatment technologies.
基金financially supported by Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.GuikeAA24263047).
摘要In pursuit of more efficient low-carbon ironmaking,fulfilling the requirements of blast furnace materials,four types of low-carbon cold-bound pellets were prepared from blended iron ore,which were dually strengthened through sintered return fines and binder.The strengthening mechanism of low-carbon cold-bound pellets was discussed based on the analysis of the characterization results including optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the reduction performance detection results.The results demonstrate that,when subjected to external forces,the interlocking of returned fines with blended iron ores leads to the formation of a load-bearing skeleton.During the drying process,the binder is dehydrated and condensed to yield a gel network structure,with which the bonding effect is imposed.In contrast to the organic binder PR,the inorganic binder SS ensures a stabler thermal structure and reduction performance for the cold-bound pellets.The comparison of energy consumption and carbon emissions was estimated before and after introducing cold-bound pellets in the process,and it was ascertained that low-carbon cold-bound pellets are able to foster the low-carbon sustainable ironmaking.
基金Under the auspices of Ecological Civilization Special Project of Key Research&Development Program in Gansu Province(No.24YFFA009)Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Planning Project(No.24ZD13FA004)+3 种基金Top Talent Project of Gansu province(No.GS202307)Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program for Leading Talents in Science and Technology Innovation(No.25RCKA026)Gansu Province Youth Talent Program(Individual Project)(No.2025QNGR53)Lanzhou TalentDriven City Development Initiative(No.LZ202401)。
摘要The Qilian Mountains(QLMs),a critical transitional zone between China's cold and arid regions,serve as a vital ecological security barrier and water conservation area.Their sustainable development is essential for achieving regional ecological civilization and coordinated socio-economic progress.This study,grounded in ecological carrying capacity theory,established a comprehensive evaluation index system for the QLMs,delineated ecological functional zones using natural and socioeconomic data from 2001–2020,and then explored six sustainable development modes.Results revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in ecological carrying capacity in QLMs from 2001 to 2020,based on which ecological red line(32.02%),yellow line(40.30%),and green line(27.68%)zones were designated.The red,yellow,and green line zones correspond to priority conservation,conservation-development coordination,and appropriate development areas,respectively.For different zones,six differentiated development modes were proposed,the ecological conservation mode emphasized strict protection and systematic restoration to secure key ecological functions.The ecological compensation mode used institutionalized compensation to offset conservation costs and improve both protection performance and livelihoods.The ecological tourism mode leveraged natural and cultural resources to generate green income.The aboriginal integration mode strengthened resilience through livelihood transition and cultural continuity.The community co-management mode enhanced local governance through shared rights,responsibilities,and benefits.The social participation mode reinforced regional governance via multi-actor collaboration and resource integration.Overall,ecological red line zones emphasized conservation and compensation,yellow line zones balanced social participation,while green line zones integrated all six modes.This study provided actionable solutions to resolve the conflict between ecological protection and economic development in the QLMs,and offered a replicable‘assessment-zoning-modeling'framework for sustainable development in other ecologically fragile and barrier regions in China.
基金supported by Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects (Grant No. 202402AB080004)Yunnan Provincial Education Department Universities Serve Key Industry Science and Technology Projects (Grant No: FWCY-BSPY2024043)+1 种基金Top Innovative Talents for Graduate Students of KUST (Grant No: CA24163M116A)Analysis and Testing Fund of KUST (Grant No: 2024P20233102006)
摘要The accumulation of refractory organics in Bayer liquor(pH 14.4)critically compromises aluminum production efficiency and product quality,necessitating sustainable remediation strategies.Herein,we develop an ultrasonic-driven catalytic ozonation system with dynamically reconstructed CuO/Cu2O heterointerfaces,achieving unprecedented efficiency in extreme alkaline wastewater treatment.Atomic-scale interface engineering endows the catalyst with hydrophilicity(contact angle:6.1°)and 3.8–4.3 times higher oxygen vacancy density compared to single-phase catalysts.These properties facilitate efficient interfacial interactions with Bayer liquor and enable superior ozone activation through synergistic Cu(I)/Cu(II)redox cycling across the heterointerface.This interfacial synergy reduces ozone adsorption energy from 5.46 eV(Cu2O)to 1.48 eV,driving the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)via low-energy pathways.Under optimized conditions,the system achieves 57.82%TOC removal within 1.5 h with 2.3-fold faster kinetics than ozone–alone processes,while improving energy efficiency by 1.82–3.22 times per kWh over conventional thermal oxidation.Remarkable stability is demonstrated through 80.21%activity retention after 6 cycles,attributed to surface energy minimization(0.61 J m−2),alongside 67.91%hydroxyl radical(•OH)-mediated degradation confirmed by quenching tests.In XPS,EEMs analysis,and ECOSAR modeling further elucidate the surface reconstruction mechanism and intermediate toxicity reduction.This work establishes an atomic interface design paradigm that bridges catalytic innovation with green metallurgy applications,offering a sustainable solution for industrial wastewater remediation aligned with circular economy principles.
基金Khalifa University of Science and Technology for providing financial support。
摘要The swift transition to sustainable energy has heightened demand for highperformance,safe,and environmentally responsible battery technologies.Zn-,Mg-,Na-,Al-,Fe-,organic,and bio-based systems offer several advantages over traditional resourceintensive and toxic alternatives.However,their practical implications are significantly challenged by their susceptibility to electrochemical corrosion,which adversely affects their efficiency,longevity,safety,recyclability,and reversibility.Corrosion is one of the most significant and persistent barriers to the development of next-generation energy storage systems.This review comprehensively presents unified mechanisms of corrosion across diverse sustainable battery systems,with a detailed account of pitting,uniform,galvanic,intergranular,and passivation-related degradation pathways.The article presents a unique comparison of the degradation mechanisms of Zn,Al,Mg,and other anodes in different electrolytes.Corrosion mitigation strategies,including surface passivation,surface engineering,alloying,use of surfactants and polymer-based films,ionic liquids,deep eutectic solvents,metal–organic frameworks,heterocycles,and bio-based multifunctional corrosion inhibitors,have been comprehensively surveyed.These inhibitors suppress the increase in cycle life,achieving inhibition efficiencies of over 90%.Lastly,the review highlights the design of molecular-level corrosion inhibitors,interfacial engineering,real-time corrosion testing,advanced electrolytes,and forward-looking directions,all of which are essential to the development of sustainable,stable energy storage systems.
基金supported by the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP2026R259)Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.Ashit Kumar Dutta would like to thank AlMaarefa University for supporting this research under project number MHIRSP2025017.
摘要Environmental problems are intensifying due to the rapid growth of the population,industry,and urban infrastructure.This expansion has resulted in increased air and water pollution,intensified urban heat island effects,and greater runoff from parks and other green spaces.Addressing these challenges requires prioritizing green infrastructure and other sustainable urban development strategies.This study introduces a novel Integrated Decision Support System that combines Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets with the Advanced Alternative Ranking Order Method allowing for Two-Step Normalization(AAROM-TN),enhanced by a dual weighting strategy.The weighting approach integrates the Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation(CRITIC)method with the Criteria Importance through Means and Standard Deviation(CIMAS)technique.The originality of the proposed framework lies in its ability to objectively quantify criteria importance using CRITIC,incorporate decision-makers’preferences through CIMAS,and capture the uncertainty and hesitation inherent in human judgment via Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets.A case study evaluating green infrastructure alternatives in metropolitan regions demonstrates the applicability and effectiveness of the framework.A sensitivity analysis is conducted to examine how variations in criteria weights affect the rankings and to evaluate the robustness of the results.Furthermore,a comparative analysis highlights the practical and financial implications of each alternative by assessing their respective strengths and weaknesses.
摘要Plant growth-promoting fungi(PGPF)are a diverse group of non-pathogenic fungi that benefit host plants through multiple mechanisms.With the growing global emphasis on sustainable agriculture,research has increasingly focused on understanding fungal ecology and its role in enhancing plant growth and development.PGPF contributes significantly by facilitating nutrient acquisition,solubilizing minerals,producing growth hormones,and transferring essential elements from the soil to plants.PGPF have been proposed as biofertilizers,bio-stimulants,and/or biocontrol agents for a variety of plant species in earlier research findings.Modern biotechnological tools can help uncover plant-PGPF interactions,facilitating the development of crop-specific bioinoculants.This reviewcritically evaluates PGPF as drivers of sustainable agriculture by bridging mechanistic insights with field-level applications.Unlike previous descriptive reviews,this study integrates nutrient acquisition,stress resilience mechanisms,and real-world efficacy under varying environmental conditions.We highlight the role of PGPF in climate-resilient cropping systems and circular bioeconomy frameworks,including waste valorization and biofertilizer development.Furthermore,we identify key limitations such as host specificity,environmental variability,and scalability challenges.Finally,future research directions including omics-driven inoculant design and microbiome engineering are proposed.This review provides a novel,integrative perspective on the application of PGPF in sustainable agriculture.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2024YFD1401103)the project of the National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding(Grant Nos.SKLTCBQN202511,NKLTCB202306,NKLTCBCXTD25 and NKLTCB202314)the earmarked fund for China Agricultural Research System(CARS31)。
摘要Fusarium wilt of banana,caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense(Foc),particularly the virulent tropical race 4(TR4),remains a critical threat to global banana production.Conventional control strategies,including chemical treatments and quarantine measures,have been largely ineffective due to the pathogen’s soilborne persistence.This review highlights recent biotechnological innovations offering sustainable solutions for disease management.Advances in genomic tools,genetic engineering,RNA interference,and microbial biocontrol have demonstrated significant potential,with transgenic and CRISPR/Cas9-edited banana cultivars exhibiting enhanced resistance to Foc.Additionally,beneficial microbes such as Trichoderma spp.strengthen host defenses,while high-throughput technologies,including artificial intelligence and big data analytics,enable early detection and real-time monitoring of disease outbreaks.However,challenges such as regulatory hurdles,insufficient field validation,and evolving pathogen virulence hinder widespread implementation.A multidisciplinary approach integrating biotechnology with sustainable agronomic practices is crucial for long-term mitigation.Strengthening global collaboration and fostering continued innovation are imperative to protect banana production,ensuring food security and economic stability worldwide.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42171267 and 42201291)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi in China-Youth Science and Technology Star Project(Grant No.2024ZC-KJXX-052)+1 种基金the Social Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2023R032)and the Northwest A&F University Doctoral Candidates’Independent Innovation Research Project Funding(Grant No.2025KYCXZ28).
摘要Pursuing sustainable growth of Farmland Green Production Efficiency(FGPE)is crucial for achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),particularly SDG2(Zero Hunger),SDG 12(Responsible Consumption and Production),SDG13(Climate Action),and SDG 15(Life on Land)in ecologically fragile basins.However,the dynamics,drivers,and challenges of FGPE remain underexplored within the SDGs framework,especially at finer spatial scale and across coupled“society-economy-policy-climate”(SEPC)drivers.This study develops an FGPE assessment framework through SDGs lens,utilizing“elements-processes-functions-drivers”paradigm and data from 447 counties in the Yellow River Basin(YRB)from 2000 to 2022.We apply super-efficiency Slacks-Based Measure and Malmquist-Luenberger(SBM-ML),spatial correlation analysis,and geographically and temporally weighted regression models to assess FGPE growth challenges.Results reveal a“U-shaped”trend in the number of high-FGPE counties,with a rapid increase after 2016.Specifically,FGPE across the YRB increased by 97.6%from 2000 to 2022,though spatial correlation declined by 44.7%,indicating weakening spatial spillover effect.Despite the overall progress,the YRB still faces multiple challenges,including uneven regional development,weakening spatial correlation,climate sensitivity,economic structural shift,and weak policy effect.The findings highlight that FGPE improvement align with key SDGs targets,including enhancing food security(SDG 2),promoting sustainable production(SDG 12),increasing climate resilience(SDG 13),and conserving land ecosystems(SDG 15).Region-specific strategies are recommended:enhancing climate resilience and ecological conservation in the upper reaches,promoting technological diffusion via urban-industrial transformation in the middle reaches,and advancing green agricultural technologies with more local financial support in the lower reaches.
基金Financial support was received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.2250051351 and 22162014)the Early-Career Young Scientists and Technologists Project of Jiangxi Province(Grant No.20252BEJ730018)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.20252BAC250037 and 20252BAC200201)。
摘要Electrocatalysis has emerged as a cornerstone of sustainable energy conversion,offering a route to synthesize valuable chemicals and fuels using renewable electricity[1-3].Processes such as water electrolysis[4],CO2reduction[5],and biomass oxidation[6]promise to decarbonize the chemical industry,yet their practical realization remains hindered by sluggish kinetics and parasitic side reactions.At the heart of these challenges lies the complexity of the solid-liquid interface[7],where the solvent structure,reactant speciation,hydrogenbond network,and dynamic adsorbate coverage collectively govern the catalytic process under nonequilibrium conditions[8].Traditional catalyst descriptors,including the Sabatier principle,volcano plots,and/or adsorption energy,usually focused on optimizing static surface structures,have achieved remarkable progress but increasingly fall short in describing and controlling real electrochemical interfaces that evolve dynamically during operation.
摘要Cement-based materials and fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)composites are fundamental material families in modern construc-tion.As structural materials,both occupy important positions in terms of global production volume,economic contribution,and carbon footprint.Cement-based materials are the most widely manufactured materials on Earth,with approximately 40 billion tonnes of cement produced annually,accounting for 7%–8%of glo-bal carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions.On the other hand,owing to unique advantages including high specific strength,excellent cor-rosion resistance,and design flexibility,FRP composites are garner-ing widespread attention in civil engineering applications.Both materials are being significantly advanced in terms of sustainabil-ity and high performance through cutting-edge studies.The key directions of recent research in this field involve simultaneously reducing embodied carbon,extending structural life,and enabling hybrid systems.