Microwave absorption(MA)materials often face poor synergy between impedance matching and attenuation in the low-frequency range.Balancing permittivity and permeability through magnetic-dielectric synergy is a promisin...Microwave absorption(MA)materials often face poor synergy between impedance matching and attenuation in the low-frequency range.Balancing permittivity and permeability through magnetic-dielectric synergy is a promising strategy to address this issue.To realize the synergy,herein,Sn whiskers with an in situ oxide layer served as substrates for magnetic-loss-active CoNi nanosheet growth,forming a hierarchical CoNi@SnO2@Sn(CNS)heterostructure.The CNS absorber achieves a minimum reflection loss(RLmin)value of-62.29 dB with an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 2.2 GHz,covering the entire C-band with 70%absorption at only 2.61 mm thickness.The nanosheet design of CoNi enhances magnetic anisotropy to promote natural resonance,while the conductive Sn core and abundant Sn/SnO2 and CoNi/SnO2 heterointerfaces facilitate conduction loss and dielectric polarization.When composited into a thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)matrix,the resulting CNS/TPU-2 film(20 wt%CNS)exhibits an RLmin value of-61.04 dB and a 2.5 GHz EAB.Its in-plane and through-plane thermal conductivities reach 2.41 and 0.51 W m-1 K-1,representing 4.1 and 2.6 times those of pure TPU films,respectively,facilitating heat dissipation from protected devices.This work provides valuable insights into magnetic-dielectric synergy for low-frequency MA of 1D metal-based materials,offering promising potential for 5G communications and flexible electronics.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) have advantages including low economic cost and high safety.Nevertheless,the serious hydrogen evolution reactions(HER) and rampant growth of Zn dendrite hinder their further developme...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) have advantages including low economic cost and high safety.Nevertheless,the serious hydrogen evolution reactions(HER) and rampant growth of Zn dendrite hinder their further development.Herein,potassium acetate(KAc) additive with cation/anion synergy effect is added into the ZnSO4 electrolyte to effectively promote the oriented uniform Zn deposition and suppress side reactions.According to density functional theory calculation and experimental results,CH3COO-(Ac-)anions are capable of forming stronger hydrogen bonds with H2O molecules,leading to an expanded electrochemical stability window,reduced the reactivity of H2O,and hence suppressing HER.Meanwhile,Ac-anions can also preferentially adsorb onto the Zn anode,promoting dense deposition towards the(100) crystal plane.Besides,dissociated K+ ions serve as electrostatic shielding cations,which significantly promote uniform Zn deposition and prevent dendrite formation.Thus,the Zn||Zn symmetric cell demonstrates an impressive cycle lifespan of 3000 h at 1.0 m A/cm2.Furthermore,the Zn||MnO2 full battery exhibits superior stability with a capacity retention of 86.95 % at 2.0 A/g after 4000 cycles.Therefore,the cation/anion synergy effect in KAc additive offers a viable solution to address HER and hinder dendrite growth at the interface of Zn anodes.展开更多
Additive manufacturing of Hastelloy X superalloys remains challenges for practical aerospace applications due to the inadequate mechanical property at both ambient and high temperatures.To this end,this work proposes ...Additive manufacturing of Hastelloy X superalloys remains challenges for practical aerospace applications due to the inadequate mechanical property at both ambient and high temperatures.To this end,this work proposes a novel Ta-modified strategy manipulating elemental segregation to stabilize cellular structures,thereby obtaining an outstanding combination between strength and ductility across a wide temperature regime.In particular,the tensile strength and elongation of Ta-modified superalloys can reach up to 1214 MPa and 28.4%,respectively,highly increased by 47%and 10%compared to original Hastelloy X superalloys at 25℃.Meanwhile,the tensile strength and elongation at 650℃significantly increase to 843 MPa and 26.8%respectively,38%and 150%stronger than their counterparts of the original Ta-free Hastelloy X superalloys at identical conditions.Microstructural observations reveal that prominent local segregation of Ta/Mo elements and in situ MC precipitates along cellular boundaries synergistically enhanced the stability of cellular structures.The stabilized cellular structures serve as continuous and skeleton-like networks during deformation,synergistically contributing to outstanding ductility and enhanced mechanical strength,as well as sustained strain-hardening ability.The present work provides new insights into an efficient alloy design method for additively manufactured nickel-based superalloys with outstanding mechanical property within a wide temperature regime.展开更多
Bimodal grain structure(BGS)demonstrates significant potential in synergistically optimizing the strength and plasticity of magnesium alloys.Acquiring the desired BGS consequently became a critical challenge.This stud...Bimodal grain structure(BGS)demonstrates significant potential in synergistically optimizing the strength and plasticity of magnesium alloys.Acquiring the desired BGS consequently became a critical challenge.This study took the Mg-9Gd-1Zn-0.5Zr(wt%,VZ91K)alloy as its subject.From the perspective of BGS formation mechanisms,it suggests an effective strategy for constructing BGS,revealing the associated microstructural evolution,as well as the strengthening and toughening mechanisms.Research indicates that fully dissolving the micron-sized blocky eutectic phase in the as-cast alloy can significantly suppress the particle-stimulated nucleation-induced dynamic recrystallization(PSN-DRX)that occurs during extrusion,thereby yielding a BGS in the VZ91K alloy.The VZ91K alloy with BGS exhibits a significant enhancement in yield strength compared to homogeneous alloys(194-268 MPa),accompanied by an acceptable decrease in elongation to fracture(24.5%-20.3%).Hetero-deformation-induced(HDI)hardening is the critical factor driving the synergistic strength-plasticity of the VZ91K alloy with BGS.During tensile deformation,the HDI stress and HDI hardening rate of the VZ91K alloy with BGS consistently exceed those of the homogeneous alloy.Additionally,dislocation strengthening,low-angle grain boundary strengthening,LPSO,andγ′phase strengthening are also responsible for the high strength of the VZ91K alloy with BGS.This study presents a novel approach to constructing BGS,which could facilitate its application in the regulation of the mechanical properties of magnesium alloys.展开更多
In pursuit of more efficient low-carbon ironmaking,fulfilling the requirements of blast furnace materials,four types of low-carbon cold-bound pellets were prepared from blended iron ore,which were dually strengthened ...In pursuit of more efficient low-carbon ironmaking,fulfilling the requirements of blast furnace materials,four types of low-carbon cold-bound pellets were prepared from blended iron ore,which were dually strengthened through sintered return fines and binder.The strengthening mechanism of low-carbon cold-bound pellets was discussed based on the analysis of the characterization results including optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the reduction performance detection results.The results demonstrate that,when subjected to external forces,the interlocking of returned fines with blended iron ores leads to the formation of a load-bearing skeleton.During the drying process,the binder is dehydrated and condensed to yield a gel network structure,with which the bonding effect is imposed.In contrast to the organic binder PR,the inorganic binder SS ensures a stabler thermal structure and reduction performance for the cold-bound pellets.The comparison of energy consumption and carbon emissions was estimated before and after introducing cold-bound pellets in the process,and it was ascertained that low-carbon cold-bound pellets are able to foster the low-carbon sustainable ironmaking.展开更多
Additive manufacturing of magnesium alloys provides significant lightweight advantages in aerospace applications.Mg-10Gd-Zr(G10K,wt.%)alloy exhibited promising potential for laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)application,ye...Additive manufacturing of magnesium alloys provides significant lightweight advantages in aerospace applications.Mg-10Gd-Zr(G10K,wt.%)alloy exhibited promising potential for laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)application,yet it still encounters challenges related to a narrow processing window and relatively low mechanical properties.In this study,Scandium(Sc)was introduced in the pre-alloyed powder to develop the Mg-10Gd-1Sc-Zr(GSc101K,wt.%)alloy tailored for LPBF process.The results indicate that the incorporation of Sc has reduced the laser reflectivity by creating micro grooves on the surface of the GSc101K alloy powder,resulting in a significant expansion of the LPBF processing window.Furthermore,the introduction of Sc in the GSc101K alloy has led to remarkable grain refinement and noticeable weakening of texture due to preferential partitioning of Sc into theα-Mg nucleus to reduce the nucleation energy barrier.The LPBF-GSc101K alloy exhibits a superior elongation(El.)of 14%,which is primarily attributed to the refined microstructure and activation of non-basal slip systems resulting from the solid solution of Sc.After a deliberately optimized T6 heat treatment,the UTS of the GSc101K alloy reaches 395 MPa while maintaining a reasonable El.of 4%,achieving a synergistic enhancement in strength and plasticity compared to the G10K alloy.The GSc101K alloy demonstrates exceptional printability,fine and uniform microstructure,and high potential of strengthening through heat treatment,presenting a competitive option for material selection of LPBF-Mg alloys.展开更多
Promoting the synergistic governance of pollution control(PC)and carbon reduction(CR)in the agricultural sector was an important way for the Chinese government to implement the“dual carbon”initiative and respond to ...Promoting the synergistic governance of pollution control(PC)and carbon reduction(CR)in the agricultural sector was an important way for the Chinese government to implement the“dual carbon”initiative and respond to climate change.Based on the data of China’s crop production from 31 provincial-level regions from 1997 to 2022,this paper constructs a framework consisting of spatiotemporal evolution,synergy effect measurement,differences in contributions across regions,and influencing factors analysis to reveal the relationship between agricultural PC and CR.The results showed that the annual growth rates of pollutant emissions and carbon emissions were 1.85%and 0.79%,respectively.However,the annual decline rates of their emission intensities were 3.14%and 4.32%,respectively.This indicated that China’s actions to reduce pollution and carbon emissions in agriculture have achieved good results,that the effect of PC was weaker than that of CR and had an obvious“policy node effect.”Simultaneously,the synergy between PC and CR evolved from“basic coordination”to“basic imbalance.”The contribution of inter-regional differences was relatively large,while intra-regional differences were smaller,highlighting the importance of reducing regional disparities in promoting the synergistic governance of PC and CR.The basic conditions,industrial structure,input intensity,and development potential of agricultural development were key factors in widening the coupling coordination gap between PC and CR,and the influence of these significant factors exhibited clear spatiotemporal heterogeneity.These findings have provided important evidence for understanding China’s agricultural environmental governance strategies and could offer experiential insights for developing countries in advancing the coordinated governance of agricultural PC and CR.展开更多
New quality productive forces(NQPFs)function as the core engine for driving high-quality development.Advancing the Chinese path to agricultural modernization essentially hinges on the fostering of agricultural NQPFs,w...New quality productive forces(NQPFs)function as the core engine for driving high-quality development.Advancing the Chinese path to agricultural modernization essentially hinges on the fostering of agricultural NQPFs,with the synergy between digital transformation and green transition standing out as a vital pathway toward the realization of this goal.Drawing on system theory,this paper develops a framework for the synergy between digital transformation and green transition and breaks down agricultural NQPFs into three dimensions:components,structures,and functions.We argue that the digital transformation and green transition are able to generate synergies across five key dimensions-technology,factors,philosophy,efficiency,and innovation.The generative logic underpinning this synergy’s empowerment of the agricultural NQPFs unfolds as follows:it generates new productive factors that enhance the component attributes,it innovates modern agricultural systems in the strengthening of structural support,and it cultivates new agricultural technologies,industries,formats,and models that expand functional capacity.Looking ahead,it is imperative to address current challenges,which include the short supply of emerging technologies,the insufficient assetization of data as a production factor,the prominent cognitive contradictions among stakeholders,inadequacies in the governance mechanisms,and the suboptimal industrial integration.Key strategies should focus on innovating the technology supply system,unlocking the potential of the data assets,fostering awareness of the synergy,reinforcing institutional frameworks,and boosting investments toward industrial innovation,thereby robustly advancing the agricultural NQPFs.展开更多
Maize-soybean relay cropping increases land-equivalent ratio,but shading often limits soybean productivity.Optimizing strip relay configurations improves the light environment for soybean,enhancing its photosynthetic ...Maize-soybean relay cropping increases land-equivalent ratio,but shading often limits soybean productivity.Optimizing strip relay configurations improves the light environment for soybean,enhancing its photosynthetic capacity and yield.In a four-year trial,we tested maize-soybean relay strip cropping at interspecific distances of 30,45,60 and 75 cm,and monocropping soybean.We measured photosynthetic characteristics,photosynthate allocation,root traits,nitrogen(N)uptake and yield to elucidate the canopy-root synergy driving spacing-induced yield gains and identify the optimal interspecific distance.Increasing interspecific distance significantly improved canopy transmittance and photosynthetically active radiation(PAR).The 60 cm treatment(MS60)increased transmittance and upregulated leaf antioxidant enzyme activity,thereby enhancing leaf area index,SPAD and net photosynthetic rate.Compared with other relay cropping treatments,MS60 increased13C content and sucrose accumulation by 17.8%-69.7%and 7.1%-34.9%,respectively,and increased N uptake by 20.1%on average.The dual boost in carbon and nitrogen accumulation led to an 11.6%-29.3%yield increase under MS60,with a soybean yield of 1.9 t ha-1that was close to the monocropped soybean yield of 2.1 t ha-1.This yield advantage was attributed to increased canopy radiation and carbon(C)accumulation that increased root development and N uptake.MS60 optimizes the balance between interspecific compensation and intraspecific competition in the relay strip cropping system,increasing maize yield while maintaining soybean yield at monoculture levels.展开更多
The cascade synthesis of imines from alcohols and nitroarenes via catalytic transfer hydrogenation(CTH)is a highly sustainable process.However,developing efficient non-noble metal catalysts remains a formidable challe...The cascade synthesis of imines from alcohols and nitroarenes via catalytic transfer hydrogenation(CTH)is a highly sustainable process.However,developing efficient non-noble metal catalysts remains a formidable challenge due to the kinetic mismatch of sequential reaction steps and sluggish active hydrogen transfer.Herein,we propose a novel spatial functional partitioning catalyst design paradigm and construct a highly efficient diatomic catalyst featuring atomically dispersed ZnN4 and NiN4 sites spatially bridged by nitrogen atoms.Experimental and theoretical investigations reveal a precise dual-site cooperative mechanism of the unique Zn-N-Ni constructure.Specifically,the highly electron-deficient Zn sites(+1.14|e|vs.+0.83|e|of Ni)preferentially activate the hydroxyl group of benzyl alcohol to generate active H* due to a lower dehydrogenation energy barrier(89.6 kJ mol-1 vs.111.6 kJ mol-1 for Ni).Concurrently,the Ni sites,featuring a higher d-band center(–1.47 eV vs.–5.50 eV for Zn),facilitate nitrobenzene hydrogenation with a significantly lower barrier(73.7 kJ mol-1),while the bridging N serves as an H* adsorption site.Consequently,this synergistic configuration integrates single-atom efficiency with dual-site cooperation,achieving 96%nitrobenzene conversion and 90%imine selectivity.This work not only elucidates the atomic-level hydrogen transfer mechanism in cascade reactions but also establishes a rational design principle for complex tandem catalytic systems.展开更多
Ultrahigh-strength medium-Mn steels are one of the promising third-generation advanced high-strength steels with strength-ductility-toughness synergy.However,it has been a challenge to preserve the superior mechanical...Ultrahigh-strength medium-Mn steels are one of the promising third-generation advanced high-strength steels with strength-ductility-toughness synergy.However,it has been a challenge to preserve the superior mechanical properties of ultrahigh-strength medium-Mn steels after fusion welding due to the high heat input-induced transformation of metastable microstructures.In this work,ultrahigh-strength medium-Mn steel plates with 1 GPa strength were joined by a solid-state welding technique—friction stir welding.Defect-free joints were fabricated under a specific parameter window.Transformation of austenite to quenched martensite with high hardness occurred in the nugget zones(NZs).All the as-welded joints exhibited equal strengths but significant losses in ductility compared to the base metal(BM).Moreover,the impact energies of the NZs were greatly reduced to less than 6 J,which induced premature failures of the joints.After post-weld annealing at an intercritical temperature,reverse transformation of austenite occurred in the NZs,producing a composited structure of ultrafine ferrite,martensite,and austenite.The impact energies of the annealed NZs increased to over 23 J,which was much higher than the 2.2 J measured in the as-welded counterparts.The hardness of the NZs was significantly reduced,enabling sizeable tensile elongations of the joints close to that of the BM.Consequently,enhanced strength-ductility-toughness synergy of ultrahigh-strength medium-Mn steel joints was achieved by post-weld annealing.This work demonstrates a viable method to fabricate ultrahigh-strength medium-Mn steel joints with high performance.展开更多
There is a challenge in preparing low-cost Mg-Zn-based alloys with synergistic strength-ductility at cryogenic condition.In the present work,it is found that asymmetric extrusion(ASE)unexpectedly led to texture streng...There is a challenge in preparing low-cost Mg-Zn-based alloys with synergistic strength-ductility at cryogenic condition.In the present work,it is found that asymmetric extrusion(ASE)unexpectedly led to texture strengthening in a Mg-Zn-Gd(ZG21)alloy by promoting a distinct preferred orientation(the[1012]/[10¯11]texture),rather than the expected weakening;such texture component causes a significantly reduced mechanical anisotropy across three loading directions(ED,TD and 45°)of the extruded plate.Moreover,the addition of a small amount of Gadolinium(Gd)combined with asymmetric extrusion also resulted in substantially enhanced mechanical properties:yield strength(YS)increased by 113 MPa(179%increment),ultimate tensile strength(UTS)rose by 75 MPa(20%increment),while achieving a fracture elongation of 14%at 77 K.The enhanced yield strength(YS)originated mainly from grain boundary and texture strengthening,where the latter critically governed mechanical anisotropy.Systematic characterization via EBSD assisted slip-traces,MWH-MWA method based dislocation density calculations,and TEM observations reveals the evolution of,anddislocation densities with strains and intuitive observation of interactions among,anddislocations.The activation of extensive non-basalslip,which exhibits a higher multiplication rate than-type dislocations at higher strains,primarily contributes to the enhanced cryogenic plasticity.This work provides a novel strategy for synergistic cryogenic strength-ductility enhancement in cost-effective Mg-Zn based alloys.展开更多
In the pursuit of carbon peaking and neutrality goals,multi-energy parks,as major energy consumers and carbon emitters,urgently require low-carbon operational strategies.This paper proposes an electricity-carbon syner...In the pursuit of carbon peaking and neutrality goals,multi-energy parks,as major energy consumers and carbon emitters,urgently require low-carbon operational strategies.This paper proposes an electricity-carbon synergy-driven optimization method for the low-carbon operation ofmulti-energy parks.Themethod integratesmultienergy complementary scheduling with a tiered carbon trading mechanism to balance operational security,economic efficiency,and environmental objectives.A mixed-integer linear programming model is developed to characterize the coupling relationships and dynamic behaviors of key equipment,including photovoltaic systems,ground-source heat pumps,thermal storage electric boilers,combined heat and power units,and electrical energy storage systems.Furthermore,a tiered carbon trading model is established that incorporates carbon quota allocation and tiered carbon pricing to internalize carbon costs and discourage high-emission practices.Multi-scenario comparative analyses demonstrate that the electricity-carbon synergy scenario achieves a 42.64%reduction in carbon emissions compared to economy-oriented operation,while limiting the increase in operational costs to 20.85%.The carbon-prioritized scenario further reduces emissions by 9.7%,underscoring the inhibitory effect of the tiered carbon pricing mechanism on highcarbon activities.Sensitivity analyses confirm the model’s robustness against fluctuations in energy load,uncertainty in renewable generation,and variations in carbon price.This optimization method provides theoretical support for multi-energy coordinated scheduling and carbon responsibility allocation in industrial parks,offering valuable insights for promoting green transformation initiatives.展开更多
The electrocatalytic co-reduction of carbon dioxide(CO2)and nitrate(NO3−)to urea represents a promising dual-purpose strategy,offering a sustainable alternative to the energy-intensive Bosch-Meiser process wh...The electrocatalytic co-reduction of carbon dioxide(CO2)and nitrate(NO3−)to urea represents a promising dual-purpose strategy,offering a sustainable alternative to the energy-intensive Bosch-Meiser process while simultaneously mitigating environmental pollutants.This study systematically explores the catalytic performance of a series of transition-metal-doped W18O49(010)surfaces(TM-W18O49,TM=Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn)for urea synthesis using first-principles calculations.Among them,Fe-doped W18O49 emerges as the most promising electrocatalyst,exhibiting superior activity with a remarkably low limiting potential of−0.46 V(compared to−0.95 V for pristine W18O49)and outstanding selectivity by effectively suppressing competing nitrate reduction and hydrogen evolution reactions.Mechanistic analysis reveals a heteronuclear dual-metal(TMW)synergistic adsorption mechanism,in which the doped transition metal and adjacent W site collaboratively activate NO3−,thereby facilitating the critical C─N bond formation.This work not only elucidates the reaction pathway and active-site synergy in Fe-W18O49,but also provides a theoretical foundation for the rational design of high-performance bimetallic oxide catalysts towards efficient electrocatalytic urea production.展开更多
In recent years,against the backdrop of economic transformation and structural adjustments in the job market,the phenomenon of“employment apathy”among university graduates has become increasingly prominent,emerging ...In recent years,against the backdrop of economic transformation and structural adjustments in the job market,the phenomenon of“employment apathy”among university graduates has become increasingly prominent,emerging as a critical issue affecting employment quality and the efficiency of talent resource allocation.This phenomenon is characterized by low employment willingness,delayed career decision-making,and poor employment matching.Based on the practical experience of university education,this paper systematically analyzes the multi-dimensional causes of the“employment apathy”dilemma,identifies the core problems in the operation of the existing“employment-education”synergy mechanism,and ultimately proposes targeted optimization paths.It aims to provide practical guidance for universities to tackle the problem of“employment apathy”and enhance the adaptability between talent cultivation and employment.展开更多
As a core driver of high-quality regional economic development in the new era,new productive forces have increasingly become an essential direction for promoting industrial upgrading and talent cultivation.Against the...As a core driver of high-quality regional economic development in the new era,new productive forces have increasingly become an essential direction for promoting industrial upgrading and talent cultivation.Against the backdrop of accelerating regional economic transformation and technological innovation,building regional Government–University–Enterprise synergy communities has emerged as a key pathway for fostering these new productive forces.This paper systematically analyzes the prominent challenges in the process of Government–University–Enterprise synergy,including insufficient collaborative motivation,underdeveloped cooperation mechanisms,and uneven resource allocation.It proposes strategic pathways to address these issues:multi-pronged approaches to stimulate stakeholder participation,demand-driven improvements to enhance cooperation mechanisms,and diversified channels to integrate and optimize resource allocation.By leveraging multi-stakeholder collaboration,institutional innovation,and resource sharing,the framework aims to enhance collaborative innovation capabilities and promote the cultivation of new productive forces and industrial upgrading in regional economies.This research provides both theoretical support and practical reference for deepening Government–University–Enterprise synergy and building regional Government–University–Enterprise synergy communities.展开更多
Developing advanced stealth devices to cope with radar-infrared(IR)fusion detection and diverse application scenarios is increasingly demanded,which faces significant challenges due to conflicting microwave and IR clo...Developing advanced stealth devices to cope with radar-infrared(IR)fusion detection and diverse application scenarios is increasingly demanded,which faces significant challenges due to conflicting microwave and IR cloaking mechanisms and functional integration limitations.Here,we propose a multiscale hierarchical structure design,integrating wrinkled MXene IR shielding layer and flexible Fe3O4@C/PDMS microwave absorption layer.The top wrinkled MXene layer induces the intensive diffuse reflection effect,shielding IR radiation signals while allowing microwave to pass through.Meanwhile,the permeable microwaves are assimilated into the bottom Fe3O4@C/PDMS layer via strong magneto-electric synergy.Through theoretical and experimental optimization,the assembled stealth devices realize a near-perfect stealth capability in both X-band(8–12 GHz)and long-wave infrared(8–14μm)wavelength ranges.Specifically,it delivers a radar cross-section reduction of−20 dB m2,a large apparent temperature modulation range(ΔT=70℃),and a low average IR emissivity of 0.35.Additionally,the optimal device demonstrates exceptional curved surface conformability,self-cleaning capability(contact angle≈129°),and abrasion resistance(recovery time≈5 s).This design strategy promotes the development of multispectral stealth technology and reinforces its applicability and durability in complex and hostile environments.展开更多
Artificial multisensory devices play a key role in human-computer interaction in the field of artificial intelligence(AI).In this work,we have designed and constructed a novel olfactory-visual bimodal neuromorphic car...Artificial multisensory devices play a key role in human-computer interaction in the field of artificial intelligence(AI).In this work,we have designed and constructed a novel olfactory-visual bimodal neuromorphic carbon nanotube thin film transistor(TFT)arrays for artificial olfactory-visual multisensory synergy recognition with a very low power consumption of 25 aJ for a single pulse,employing semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes(sc-SWCNTs)as channel materials and gas sensitive materials,and poly[[4,8-bis[5-(2-ethylhexyl)-2-thienyl]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b0]dithiophene-2,6-diyl]-2,5-thiophenediyl-[5,7-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4,8-dioxo-4H,8H-benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c0]dithio-phene-1,3-diyl]](PBDB-T)as the photosensitive material.It is noted that it is the first time to realize the simulation of olfactory and visual senses(from 280 nm to 650 nm)with the wide operating temperature range(0-150℃)in a single SWCNT TFT device and successfully simulate the recovery of olfactory senses after COVID-19 by olfactory-visual synergy.Furthermore,our SWCNT neuromorphic TFT devices with a high IOn/IOff ratio(up to 106)at a low operating voltage(−2 to 0.5 V)can mimic not only the basic biological synaptic functions of olfaction and vision(such as paired-pulse facilitation,short-term plasticity,and long-term plasticity),but also optical wireless communication by Morse code.The proposed multisensory,broadband light-responsive,low-power synaptic devices provide great potential for developing AI robots to face complex external environments.展开更多
The application of machine learning in alloy design is increasingly widespread,yet traditional models still face challenges when dealing with limited datasets and complex nonlinear relationships.This work proposes an ...The application of machine learning in alloy design is increasingly widespread,yet traditional models still face challenges when dealing with limited datasets and complex nonlinear relationships.This work proposes an interpretable machine learning method based on data augmentation and reconstruction,excavating high-performance low-alloyed magnesium(Mg)alloys.The data augmentation technique expands the original dataset through Gaussian noise.The data reconstruction method reorganizes and transforms the original data to extract more representative features,significantly improving the model's generalization ability and prediction accuracy,with a coefficient of determination(R2)of 95.9%for the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)model and a R2of 95.3%for the elongation-to-failure(EL)model.The correlation coefficient assisted screening(CCAS)method is proposed to filter low-alloyed target alloys.A new Mg-2.2Mn-0.4Zn-0.2Al-0.2Ca(MZAX2000,wt%)alloy is designed and extruded into bar at given processing parameters,achieving room-temperature strength-ductility synergy showing an excellent UTS of 395 MPa and a high EL of 17.9%.This is closely related to its hetero-structured characteristic in the as-extruded MZAX2000 alloy consisting of coarse grains(16%),fine grains(75%),and fiber regions(9%).Therefore,this work offers new insights into optimizing alloy compositions and processing parameters for attaining new high strong and ductile low-alloyed Mg alloys.展开更多
Titanium alloys engineered in structural applications achieve ultrahigh strength primarily through precipitation strengthening of secondary α-phase(αs)during aging,while they often experience compromised ductility a...Titanium alloys engineered in structural applications achieve ultrahigh strength primarily through precipitation strengthening of secondary α-phase(αs)during aging,while they often experience compromised ductility and toughness due to traditional strength-toughness tradeoff.In this study,we propose a novel strategy to address this conflict by introducing deformation kinks prior to conventional cold rolling(CR)and aging processes.These kinks are produced by cold forging(CF)to create macroscopic lamellar structures in β-grains,which alter strain partitioning during subsequent CR and ultimately tailor αs-precipitation upon aging.As a result,an ultrafine duplex(αe+β)-structure is formed within kink interi-ors,while hierarchicalαs-precipitates are generated in the external β-matrix.This unique microstructure effectively enhances dislocation activity,promotes uniform plastic strain distribution and impedes crack propagation.Consequently,a simple Ti-V binary titanium alloy exhibits exceptional properties with ultra-high strength∼1636 MPa,decent ductility∼5.4% and appreciable fracture toughness∼36.1 MPa m1/2.The synergetic properties surpass those obtained through traditional CR and aging processes for the alloy and even outperform numerous multielement engineering titanium alloys reported in literature.Our findings open up a new avenue for overcoming the strength-toughness tradeoffof ultrahigh-strength titanium alloys,and also offer a facile production route towards structural materials for advanced performance.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52171033,52431003,U23A20574)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242025K20004)the SEU Innovation Capability Enhancement Plan for Doctoral Students(CXJH_SEU 24148,CXJH_SEU 25036).
摘要Microwave absorption(MA)materials often face poor synergy between impedance matching and attenuation in the low-frequency range.Balancing permittivity and permeability through magnetic-dielectric synergy is a promising strategy to address this issue.To realize the synergy,herein,Sn whiskers with an in situ oxide layer served as substrates for magnetic-loss-active CoNi nanosheet growth,forming a hierarchical CoNi@SnO2@Sn(CNS)heterostructure.The CNS absorber achieves a minimum reflection loss(RLmin)value of-62.29 dB with an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 2.2 GHz,covering the entire C-band with 70%absorption at only 2.61 mm thickness.The nanosheet design of CoNi enhances magnetic anisotropy to promote natural resonance,while the conductive Sn core and abundant Sn/SnO2 and CoNi/SnO2 heterointerfaces facilitate conduction loss and dielectric polarization.When composited into a thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)matrix,the resulting CNS/TPU-2 film(20 wt%CNS)exhibits an RLmin value of-61.04 dB and a 2.5 GHz EAB.Its in-plane and through-plane thermal conductivities reach 2.41 and 0.51 W m-1 K-1,representing 4.1 and 2.6 times those of pure TPU films,respectively,facilitating heat dissipation from protected devices.This work provides valuable insights into magnetic-dielectric synergy for low-frequency MA of 1D metal-based materials,offering promising potential for 5G communications and flexible electronics.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52372188)the 111 Project (No.D17007)2023 Introduction of studying abroad talent program。
摘要Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) have advantages including low economic cost and high safety.Nevertheless,the serious hydrogen evolution reactions(HER) and rampant growth of Zn dendrite hinder their further development.Herein,potassium acetate(KAc) additive with cation/anion synergy effect is added into the ZnSO4 electrolyte to effectively promote the oriented uniform Zn deposition and suppress side reactions.According to density functional theory calculation and experimental results,CH3COO-(Ac-)anions are capable of forming stronger hydrogen bonds with H2O molecules,leading to an expanded electrochemical stability window,reduced the reactivity of H2O,and hence suppressing HER.Meanwhile,Ac-anions can also preferentially adsorb onto the Zn anode,promoting dense deposition towards the(100) crystal plane.Besides,dissociated K+ ions serve as electrostatic shielding cations,which significantly promote uniform Zn deposition and prevent dendrite formation.Thus,the Zn||Zn symmetric cell demonstrates an impressive cycle lifespan of 3000 h at 1.0 m A/cm2.Furthermore,the Zn||MnO2 full battery exhibits superior stability with a capacity retention of 86.95 % at 2.0 A/g after 4000 cycles.Therefore,the cation/anion synergy effect in KAc additive offers a viable solution to address HER and hinder dendrite growth at the interface of Zn anodes.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFB4609702)Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52201154 and 52471057).
摘要Additive manufacturing of Hastelloy X superalloys remains challenges for practical aerospace applications due to the inadequate mechanical property at both ambient and high temperatures.To this end,this work proposes a novel Ta-modified strategy manipulating elemental segregation to stabilize cellular structures,thereby obtaining an outstanding combination between strength and ductility across a wide temperature regime.In particular,the tensile strength and elongation of Ta-modified superalloys can reach up to 1214 MPa and 28.4%,respectively,highly increased by 47%and 10%compared to original Hastelloy X superalloys at 25℃.Meanwhile,the tensile strength and elongation at 650℃significantly increase to 843 MPa and 26.8%respectively,38%and 150%stronger than their counterparts of the original Ta-free Hastelloy X superalloys at identical conditions.Microstructural observations reveal that prominent local segregation of Ta/Mo elements and in situ MC precipitates along cellular boundaries synergistically enhanced the stability of cellular structures.The stabilized cellular structures serve as continuous and skeleton-like networks during deformation,synergistically contributing to outstanding ductility and enhanced mechanical strength,as well as sustained strain-hardening ability.The present work provides new insights into an efficient alloy design method for additively manufactured nickel-based superalloys with outstanding mechanical property within a wide temperature regime.
基金financially supported by the Advanced Materials-National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2025ZD0619700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.52225101 and 525B2004).
摘要Bimodal grain structure(BGS)demonstrates significant potential in synergistically optimizing the strength and plasticity of magnesium alloys.Acquiring the desired BGS consequently became a critical challenge.This study took the Mg-9Gd-1Zn-0.5Zr(wt%,VZ91K)alloy as its subject.From the perspective of BGS formation mechanisms,it suggests an effective strategy for constructing BGS,revealing the associated microstructural evolution,as well as the strengthening and toughening mechanisms.Research indicates that fully dissolving the micron-sized blocky eutectic phase in the as-cast alloy can significantly suppress the particle-stimulated nucleation-induced dynamic recrystallization(PSN-DRX)that occurs during extrusion,thereby yielding a BGS in the VZ91K alloy.The VZ91K alloy with BGS exhibits a significant enhancement in yield strength compared to homogeneous alloys(194-268 MPa),accompanied by an acceptable decrease in elongation to fracture(24.5%-20.3%).Hetero-deformation-induced(HDI)hardening is the critical factor driving the synergistic strength-plasticity of the VZ91K alloy with BGS.During tensile deformation,the HDI stress and HDI hardening rate of the VZ91K alloy with BGS consistently exceed those of the homogeneous alloy.Additionally,dislocation strengthening,low-angle grain boundary strengthening,LPSO,andγ′phase strengthening are also responsible for the high strength of the VZ91K alloy with BGS.This study presents a novel approach to constructing BGS,which could facilitate its application in the regulation of the mechanical properties of magnesium alloys.
基金financially supported by Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.GuikeAA24263047).
摘要In pursuit of more efficient low-carbon ironmaking,fulfilling the requirements of blast furnace materials,four types of low-carbon cold-bound pellets were prepared from blended iron ore,which were dually strengthened through sintered return fines and binder.The strengthening mechanism of low-carbon cold-bound pellets was discussed based on the analysis of the characterization results including optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the reduction performance detection results.The results demonstrate that,when subjected to external forces,the interlocking of returned fines with blended iron ores leads to the formation of a load-bearing skeleton.During the drying process,the binder is dehydrated and condensed to yield a gel network structure,with which the bonding effect is imposed.In contrast to the organic binder PR,the inorganic binder SS ensures a stabler thermal structure and reduction performance for the cold-bound pellets.The comparison of energy consumption and carbon emissions was estimated before and after introducing cold-bound pellets in the process,and it was ascertained that low-carbon cold-bound pellets are able to foster the low-carbon sustainable ironmaking.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3701000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52401158,52101018,51901027)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M742219)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program(Grade B)of CPSF(No.GZB20240419).
摘要Additive manufacturing of magnesium alloys provides significant lightweight advantages in aerospace applications.Mg-10Gd-Zr(G10K,wt.%)alloy exhibited promising potential for laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)application,yet it still encounters challenges related to a narrow processing window and relatively low mechanical properties.In this study,Scandium(Sc)was introduced in the pre-alloyed powder to develop the Mg-10Gd-1Sc-Zr(GSc101K,wt.%)alloy tailored for LPBF process.The results indicate that the incorporation of Sc has reduced the laser reflectivity by creating micro grooves on the surface of the GSc101K alloy powder,resulting in a significant expansion of the LPBF processing window.Furthermore,the introduction of Sc in the GSc101K alloy has led to remarkable grain refinement and noticeable weakening of texture due to preferential partitioning of Sc into theα-Mg nucleus to reduce the nucleation energy barrier.The LPBF-GSc101K alloy exhibits a superior elongation(El.)of 14%,which is primarily attributed to the refined microstructure and activation of non-basal slip systems resulting from the solid solution of Sc.After a deliberately optimized T6 heat treatment,the UTS of the GSc101K alloy reaches 395 MPa while maintaining a reasonable El.of 4%,achieving a synergistic enhancement in strength and plasticity compared to the G10K alloy.The GSc101K alloy demonstrates exceptional printability,fine and uniform microstructure,and high potential of strengthening through heat treatment,presenting a competitive option for material selection of LPBF-Mg alloys.
基金National Social Science Fund of China,No.22BGL182。
摘要Promoting the synergistic governance of pollution control(PC)and carbon reduction(CR)in the agricultural sector was an important way for the Chinese government to implement the“dual carbon”initiative and respond to climate change.Based on the data of China’s crop production from 31 provincial-level regions from 1997 to 2022,this paper constructs a framework consisting of spatiotemporal evolution,synergy effect measurement,differences in contributions across regions,and influencing factors analysis to reveal the relationship between agricultural PC and CR.The results showed that the annual growth rates of pollutant emissions and carbon emissions were 1.85%and 0.79%,respectively.However,the annual decline rates of their emission intensities were 3.14%and 4.32%,respectively.This indicated that China’s actions to reduce pollution and carbon emissions in agriculture have achieved good results,that the effect of PC was weaker than that of CR and had an obvious“policy node effect.”Simultaneously,the synergy between PC and CR evolved from“basic coordination”to“basic imbalance.”The contribution of inter-regional differences was relatively large,while intra-regional differences were smaller,highlighting the importance of reducing regional disparities in promoting the synergistic governance of PC and CR.The basic conditions,industrial structure,input intensity,and development potential of agricultural development were key factors in widening the coupling coordination gap between PC and CR,and the influence of these significant factors exhibited clear spatiotemporal heterogeneity.These findings have provided important evidence for understanding China’s agricultural environmental governance strategies and could offer experiential insights for developing countries in advancing the coordinated governance of agricultural PC and CR.
基金This paper is a phased research outcome of a National Natural Science Foundation of China project,“Agricultural Transformation and Upgrading through Farmland Transfer:The Mediating Role of Agricultural TFP and the‘Three Transformations’Solution”(Project No.71973042).
摘要New quality productive forces(NQPFs)function as the core engine for driving high-quality development.Advancing the Chinese path to agricultural modernization essentially hinges on the fostering of agricultural NQPFs,with the synergy between digital transformation and green transition standing out as a vital pathway toward the realization of this goal.Drawing on system theory,this paper develops a framework for the synergy between digital transformation and green transition and breaks down agricultural NQPFs into three dimensions:components,structures,and functions.We argue that the digital transformation and green transition are able to generate synergies across five key dimensions-technology,factors,philosophy,efficiency,and innovation.The generative logic underpinning this synergy’s empowerment of the agricultural NQPFs unfolds as follows:it generates new productive factors that enhance the component attributes,it innovates modern agricultural systems in the strengthening of structural support,and it cultivates new agricultural technologies,industries,formats,and models that expand functional capacity.Looking ahead,it is imperative to address current challenges,which include the short supply of emerging technologies,the insufficient assetization of data as a production factor,the prominent cognitive contradictions among stakeholders,inadequacies in the governance mechanisms,and the suboptimal industrial integration.Key strategies should focus on innovating the technology supply system,unlocking the potential of the data assets,fostering awareness of the synergy,reinforcing institutional frameworks,and boosting investments toward industrial innovation,thereby robustly advancing the agricultural NQPFs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1000500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872856,32372231)the Special Fund for the Industrial Technology System Construction of Modern Agriculture(CARS-04-PS21)。
摘要Maize-soybean relay cropping increases land-equivalent ratio,but shading often limits soybean productivity.Optimizing strip relay configurations improves the light environment for soybean,enhancing its photosynthetic capacity and yield.In a four-year trial,we tested maize-soybean relay strip cropping at interspecific distances of 30,45,60 and 75 cm,and monocropping soybean.We measured photosynthetic characteristics,photosynthate allocation,root traits,nitrogen(N)uptake and yield to elucidate the canopy-root synergy driving spacing-induced yield gains and identify the optimal interspecific distance.Increasing interspecific distance significantly improved canopy transmittance and photosynthetically active radiation(PAR).The 60 cm treatment(MS60)increased transmittance and upregulated leaf antioxidant enzyme activity,thereby enhancing leaf area index,SPAD and net photosynthetic rate.Compared with other relay cropping treatments,MS60 increased13C content and sucrose accumulation by 17.8%-69.7%and 7.1%-34.9%,respectively,and increased N uptake by 20.1%on average.The dual boost in carbon and nitrogen accumulation led to an 11.6%-29.3%yield increase under MS60,with a soybean yield of 1.9 t ha-1that was close to the monocropped soybean yield of 2.1 t ha-1.This yield advantage was attributed to increased canopy radiation and carbon(C)accumulation that increased root development and N uptake.MS60 optimizes the balance between interspecific compensation and intraspecific competition in the relay strip cropping system,increasing maize yield while maintaining soybean yield at monoculture levels.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22302217 and 52470193)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2023QB049)the Plan for Youth Innovation Team of Colleges in Shandong Province。
摘要The cascade synthesis of imines from alcohols and nitroarenes via catalytic transfer hydrogenation(CTH)is a highly sustainable process.However,developing efficient non-noble metal catalysts remains a formidable challenge due to the kinetic mismatch of sequential reaction steps and sluggish active hydrogen transfer.Herein,we propose a novel spatial functional partitioning catalyst design paradigm and construct a highly efficient diatomic catalyst featuring atomically dispersed ZnN4 and NiN4 sites spatially bridged by nitrogen atoms.Experimental and theoretical investigations reveal a precise dual-site cooperative mechanism of the unique Zn-N-Ni constructure.Specifically,the highly electron-deficient Zn sites(+1.14|e|vs.+0.83|e|of Ni)preferentially activate the hydroxyl group of benzyl alcohol to generate active H* due to a lower dehydrogenation energy barrier(89.6 kJ mol-1 vs.111.6 kJ mol-1 for Ni).Concurrently,the Ni sites,featuring a higher d-band center(–1.47 eV vs.–5.50 eV for Zn),facilitate nitrobenzene hydrogenation with a significantly lower barrier(73.7 kJ mol-1),while the bridging N serves as an H* adsorption site.Consequently,this synergistic configuration integrates single-atom efficiency with dual-site cooperation,achieving 96%nitrobenzene conversion and 90%imine selectivity.This work not only elucidates the atomic-level hydrogen transfer mechanism in cascade reactions but also establishes a rational design principle for complex tandem catalytic systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52171057,52301067,and 52034005)the IMR Innovation Fund(No.2023-PY18)the LingChuang Research Project of China National Nuclear Corporation(No.CNNC-LCKY-202270).
摘要Ultrahigh-strength medium-Mn steels are one of the promising third-generation advanced high-strength steels with strength-ductility-toughness synergy.However,it has been a challenge to preserve the superior mechanical properties of ultrahigh-strength medium-Mn steels after fusion welding due to the high heat input-induced transformation of metastable microstructures.In this work,ultrahigh-strength medium-Mn steel plates with 1 GPa strength were joined by a solid-state welding technique—friction stir welding.Defect-free joints were fabricated under a specific parameter window.Transformation of austenite to quenched martensite with high hardness occurred in the nugget zones(NZs).All the as-welded joints exhibited equal strengths but significant losses in ductility compared to the base metal(BM).Moreover,the impact energies of the NZs were greatly reduced to less than 6 J,which induced premature failures of the joints.After post-weld annealing at an intercritical temperature,reverse transformation of austenite occurred in the NZs,producing a composited structure of ultrafine ferrite,martensite,and austenite.The impact energies of the annealed NZs increased to over 23 J,which was much higher than the 2.2 J measured in the as-welded counterparts.The hardness of the NZs was significantly reduced,enabling sizeable tensile elongations of the joints close to that of the BM.Consequently,enhanced strength-ductility-toughness synergy of ultrahigh-strength medium-Mn steel joints was achieved by post-weld annealing.This work demonstrates a viable method to fabricate ultrahigh-strength medium-Mn steel joints with high performance.
基金co-supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51901202,52501162)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M713366)+2 种基金Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.YESS20230412)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2025A1515010368)National Foreign Expert Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology(H20240065).
摘要There is a challenge in preparing low-cost Mg-Zn-based alloys with synergistic strength-ductility at cryogenic condition.In the present work,it is found that asymmetric extrusion(ASE)unexpectedly led to texture strengthening in a Mg-Zn-Gd(ZG21)alloy by promoting a distinct preferred orientation(the[1012]/[10¯11]texture),rather than the expected weakening;such texture component causes a significantly reduced mechanical anisotropy across three loading directions(ED,TD and 45°)of the extruded plate.Moreover,the addition of a small amount of Gadolinium(Gd)combined with asymmetric extrusion also resulted in substantially enhanced mechanical properties:yield strength(YS)increased by 113 MPa(179%increment),ultimate tensile strength(UTS)rose by 75 MPa(20%increment),while achieving a fracture elongation of 14%at 77 K.The enhanced yield strength(YS)originated mainly from grain boundary and texture strengthening,where the latter critically governed mechanical anisotropy.Systematic characterization via EBSD assisted slip-traces,MWH-MWA method based dislocation density calculations,and TEM observations reveals the evolution of,anddislocation densities with strains and intuitive observation of interactions among,anddislocations.The activation of extensive non-basalslip,which exhibits a higher multiplication rate than-type dislocations at higher strains,primarily contributes to the enhanced cryogenic plasticity.This work provides a novel strategy for synergistic cryogenic strength-ductility enhancement in cost-effective Mg-Zn based alloys.
基金supported by Technology Project of State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Company(2024-06)“Research on hierarchical partition dynamic calculation and panoramic monitoring technology of electric power carbon emission and its application”.
摘要In the pursuit of carbon peaking and neutrality goals,multi-energy parks,as major energy consumers and carbon emitters,urgently require low-carbon operational strategies.This paper proposes an electricity-carbon synergy-driven optimization method for the low-carbon operation ofmulti-energy parks.Themethod integratesmultienergy complementary scheduling with a tiered carbon trading mechanism to balance operational security,economic efficiency,and environmental objectives.A mixed-integer linear programming model is developed to characterize the coupling relationships and dynamic behaviors of key equipment,including photovoltaic systems,ground-source heat pumps,thermal storage electric boilers,combined heat and power units,and electrical energy storage systems.Furthermore,a tiered carbon trading model is established that incorporates carbon quota allocation and tiered carbon pricing to internalize carbon costs and discourage high-emission practices.Multi-scenario comparative analyses demonstrate that the electricity-carbon synergy scenario achieves a 42.64%reduction in carbon emissions compared to economy-oriented operation,while limiting the increase in operational costs to 20.85%.The carbon-prioritized scenario further reduces emissions by 9.7%,underscoring the inhibitory effect of the tiered carbon pricing mechanism on highcarbon activities.Sensitivity analyses confirm the model’s robustness against fluctuations in energy load,uncertainty in renewable generation,and variations in carbon price.This optimization method provides theoretical support for multi-energy coordinated scheduling and carbon responsibility allocation in industrial parks,offering valuable insights for promoting green transformation initiatives.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22403014, 21673036)the Youth Development Foundation of Jilin Prov.(20230508183RC)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2412022ZD050, 2412023QD012)
摘要The electrocatalytic co-reduction of carbon dioxide(CO2)and nitrate(NO3−)to urea represents a promising dual-purpose strategy,offering a sustainable alternative to the energy-intensive Bosch-Meiser process while simultaneously mitigating environmental pollutants.This study systematically explores the catalytic performance of a series of transition-metal-doped W18O49(010)surfaces(TM-W18O49,TM=Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn)for urea synthesis using first-principles calculations.Among them,Fe-doped W18O49 emerges as the most promising electrocatalyst,exhibiting superior activity with a remarkably low limiting potential of−0.46 V(compared to−0.95 V for pristine W18O49)and outstanding selectivity by effectively suppressing competing nitrate reduction and hydrogen evolution reactions.Mechanistic analysis reveals a heteronuclear dual-metal(TMW)synergistic adsorption mechanism,in which the doped transition metal and adjacent W site collaboratively activate NO3−,thereby facilitating the critical C─N bond formation.This work not only elucidates the reaction pathway and active-site synergy in Fe-W18O49,but also provides a theoretical foundation for the rational design of high-performance bimetallic oxide catalysts towards efficient electrocatalytic urea production.
摘要In recent years,against the backdrop of economic transformation and structural adjustments in the job market,the phenomenon of“employment apathy”among university graduates has become increasingly prominent,emerging as a critical issue affecting employment quality and the efficiency of talent resource allocation.This phenomenon is characterized by low employment willingness,delayed career decision-making,and poor employment matching.Based on the practical experience of university education,this paper systematically analyzes the multi-dimensional causes of the“employment apathy”dilemma,identifies the core problems in the operation of the existing“employment-education”synergy mechanism,and ultimately proposes targeted optimization paths.It aims to provide practical guidance for universities to tackle the problem of“employment apathy”and enhance the adaptability between talent cultivation and employment.
摘要As a core driver of high-quality regional economic development in the new era,new productive forces have increasingly become an essential direction for promoting industrial upgrading and talent cultivation.Against the backdrop of accelerating regional economic transformation and technological innovation,building regional Government–University–Enterprise synergy communities has emerged as a key pathway for fostering these new productive forces.This paper systematically analyzes the prominent challenges in the process of Government–University–Enterprise synergy,including insufficient collaborative motivation,underdeveloped cooperation mechanisms,and uneven resource allocation.It proposes strategic pathways to address these issues:multi-pronged approaches to stimulate stakeholder participation,demand-driven improvements to enhance cooperation mechanisms,and diversified channels to integrate and optimize resource allocation.By leveraging multi-stakeholder collaboration,institutional innovation,and resource sharing,the framework aims to enhance collaborative innovation capabilities and promote the cultivation of new productive forces and industrial upgrading in regional economies.This research provides both theoretical support and practical reference for deepening Government–University–Enterprise synergy and building regional Government–University–Enterprise synergy communities.
基金financial support from the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.52273247)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(J2019-VI-0017-0132).
摘要Developing advanced stealth devices to cope with radar-infrared(IR)fusion detection and diverse application scenarios is increasingly demanded,which faces significant challenges due to conflicting microwave and IR cloaking mechanisms and functional integration limitations.Here,we propose a multiscale hierarchical structure design,integrating wrinkled MXene IR shielding layer and flexible Fe3O4@C/PDMS microwave absorption layer.The top wrinkled MXene layer induces the intensive diffuse reflection effect,shielding IR radiation signals while allowing microwave to pass through.Meanwhile,the permeable microwaves are assimilated into the bottom Fe3O4@C/PDMS layer via strong magneto-electric synergy.Through theoretical and experimental optimization,the assembled stealth devices realize a near-perfect stealth capability in both X-band(8–12 GHz)and long-wave infrared(8–14μm)wavelength ranges.Specifically,it delivers a radar cross-section reduction of−20 dB m2,a large apparent temperature modulation range(ΔT=70℃),and a low average IR emissivity of 0.35.Additionally,the optimal device demonstrates exceptional curved surface conformability,self-cleaning capability(contact angle≈129°),and abrasion resistance(recovery time≈5 s).This design strategy promotes the development of multispectral stealth technology and reinforces its applicability and durability in complex and hostile environments.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0714700)Natural Science Foundation of China(62274174)+3 种基金Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(BK20232009)a fellowship from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(NO:2023M742559)the Cooperation Project of Vacuum Interconnect Research Facility(NANO-X)of Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(F2208)the technical support for Nano-X from Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(SINANO)。
摘要Artificial multisensory devices play a key role in human-computer interaction in the field of artificial intelligence(AI).In this work,we have designed and constructed a novel olfactory-visual bimodal neuromorphic carbon nanotube thin film transistor(TFT)arrays for artificial olfactory-visual multisensory synergy recognition with a very low power consumption of 25 aJ for a single pulse,employing semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes(sc-SWCNTs)as channel materials and gas sensitive materials,and poly[[4,8-bis[5-(2-ethylhexyl)-2-thienyl]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b0]dithiophene-2,6-diyl]-2,5-thiophenediyl-[5,7-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4,8-dioxo-4H,8H-benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c0]dithio-phene-1,3-diyl]](PBDB-T)as the photosensitive material.It is noted that it is the first time to realize the simulation of olfactory and visual senses(from 280 nm to 650 nm)with the wide operating temperature range(0-150℃)in a single SWCNT TFT device and successfully simulate the recovery of olfactory senses after COVID-19 by olfactory-visual synergy.Furthermore,our SWCNT neuromorphic TFT devices with a high IOn/IOff ratio(up to 106)at a low operating voltage(−2 to 0.5 V)can mimic not only the basic biological synaptic functions of olfaction and vision(such as paired-pulse facilitation,short-term plasticity,and long-term plasticity),but also optical wireless communication by Morse code.The proposed multisensory,broadband light-responsive,low-power synaptic devices provide great potential for developing AI robots to face complex external environments.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52204407)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20220595)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M723689)the Industrial Collaborative Innovation Project of Shanghai(No.XTCX-KJ-2022-2-11)。
摘要The application of machine learning in alloy design is increasingly widespread,yet traditional models still face challenges when dealing with limited datasets and complex nonlinear relationships.This work proposes an interpretable machine learning method based on data augmentation and reconstruction,excavating high-performance low-alloyed magnesium(Mg)alloys.The data augmentation technique expands the original dataset through Gaussian noise.The data reconstruction method reorganizes and transforms the original data to extract more representative features,significantly improving the model's generalization ability and prediction accuracy,with a coefficient of determination(R2)of 95.9%for the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)model and a R2of 95.3%for the elongation-to-failure(EL)model.The correlation coefficient assisted screening(CCAS)method is proposed to filter low-alloyed target alloys.A new Mg-2.2Mn-0.4Zn-0.2Al-0.2Ca(MZAX2000,wt%)alloy is designed and extruded into bar at given processing parameters,achieving room-temperature strength-ductility synergy showing an excellent UTS of 395 MPa and a high EL of 17.9%.This is closely related to its hetero-structured characteristic in the as-extruded MZAX2000 alloy consisting of coarse grains(16%),fine grains(75%),and fiber regions(9%).Therefore,this work offers new insights into optimizing alloy compositions and processing parameters for attaining new high strong and ductile low-alloyed Mg alloys.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52271113,92163201)Jinyu Zhang is grateful for the Shaanxi Province Youth Innovation Team(No.22JP042)Shaanxi Province Innovation Team Project(2024RS-CXTD-58).
摘要Titanium alloys engineered in structural applications achieve ultrahigh strength primarily through precipitation strengthening of secondary α-phase(αs)during aging,while they often experience compromised ductility and toughness due to traditional strength-toughness tradeoff.In this study,we propose a novel strategy to address this conflict by introducing deformation kinks prior to conventional cold rolling(CR)and aging processes.These kinks are produced by cold forging(CF)to create macroscopic lamellar structures in β-grains,which alter strain partitioning during subsequent CR and ultimately tailor αs-precipitation upon aging.As a result,an ultrafine duplex(αe+β)-structure is formed within kink interi-ors,while hierarchicalαs-precipitates are generated in the external β-matrix.This unique microstructure effectively enhances dislocation activity,promotes uniform plastic strain distribution and impedes crack propagation.Consequently,a simple Ti-V binary titanium alloy exhibits exceptional properties with ultra-high strength∼1636 MPa,decent ductility∼5.4% and appreciable fracture toughness∼36.1 MPa m1/2.The synergetic properties surpass those obtained through traditional CR and aging processes for the alloy and even outperform numerous multielement engineering titanium alloys reported in literature.Our findings open up a new avenue for overcoming the strength-toughness tradeoffof ultrahigh-strength titanium alloys,and also offer a facile production route towards structural materials for advanced performance.