We synthesized a mesoporous film based on TiO2-reduced graphene oxide(RGO)hybrids using a one-step vapor-thermal method without the need for an additional annealing process.The vapor-thermally prepared TiO2-graphene h...We synthesized a mesoporous film based on TiO2-reduced graphene oxide(RGO)hybrids using a one-step vapor-thermal method without the need for an additional annealing process.The vapor-thermally prepared TiO2-graphene hybrid(VTH)features unique structures with an ultra-large specific surface area of^260 m^2 g^-1 and low aggregation,giving rise to enhanced light harvesting and increased charge generation and separation efficiency.It was observed that a mesoporous film with uniform pore distribution is simultaneously obtained during the VTH growth process.When a 5.0 wt%RGO VTH film was used as the active layer in photocatalysis,the highest photocatalytic activity for degradation of methyl orange was achieved.For another,when a 0.75 wt%RGO VTH film was used as the photoanode in a dye-sensitized solar cell,the power conversion efficiency reached 7.58%,which represents an increase of 73.1%compared to a solar cell using an a photoanode of pure TiO2 synthesized by a traditional solvothermal method.It is expected that this facile method for the synthesis of TiO2/graphene hybrid mesoporous films will be useful in practical applications for preparing other metal oxide/graphene hybrids with ultra-high photocatalytic activity and photovoltaic performance.展开更多
As a core component in the electrochemical water splitting system,the cathode catalyst is capable of boosting the kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),while the scarcity and expenditure of current noble me...As a core component in the electrochemical water splitting system,the cathode catalyst is capable of boosting the kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),while the scarcity and expenditure of current noble metal-based electrocatalysts seriously restrict the large-scale commercial development of hydrogen manufacturing devices.Here,we present a robust and controllable self-assembly method for the spatial construction of three-dimensional(3D)porous ternary nanoarchitectures comprising Ti3C2Tx MXene,MoS2nanosheets,and graphene(MX/MoS2/G).This bottom-up strategy contributes to the intriguing structural features of the resulting nanoarchitectures,including 3D crosslinked porous networks,ultrathin walls,plentiful exposed reactive sites,and numerous efficient electron channels.As a consequence,the optimized MX/MoS2/G electrocatalyst depicts superior electrocatalytic HER performance in terms of a competitive onset potential,a small Tafel slope,a large electrochemically active surface area,and exceptional durability,which significantly outperforms the bare MXene,MoS2,graphene,as well as binary MXene/graphene and MoS2/graphene electrocatalysts.展开更多
This research investigated the electrocatalytic properties of a ternary structured dysprosium oxide(Dy2O3)/graphene sheets(Gs)/gadolinium-metal organic frameworks(Gd-MOF)system for oxygen evolution reactions(OER...This research investigated the electrocatalytic properties of a ternary structured dysprosium oxide(Dy2O3)/graphene sheets(Gs)/gadolinium-metal organic frameworks(Gd-MOF)system for oxygen evolution reactions(OER).The ternary Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF composite was synthesised through a simple solvothermal method.The physicochemical properties of all materials were investigated using powder X-ray diffraction(p-XRD),Raman spectroscopy,ultraviolet–visible(UV–Vis)spectroscopy,UV-diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-DRS),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy(EDS),thermogravimetry(TGA)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The engineered heterostructure electrodes are fine-tuned to enhance the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in an alkaline medium using 1.0 mol/L KOH.The ternary Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF composite exhibits a diverse morphology comprising nanosheets,rods,and particle-like features.In contrast to bare and binary electrocatalysts,the ternary Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF electrocatalyst shows superior OER performance and current density due to the successful integration of graphene sheets and Gd-MOF within the Dy2O3structure.Thus,the ideal ternary Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF shows the minimum overpotential of 339 mV at 50 mA/cm2,a Tafel slope value of 136 m V/dec,and maintains long-standing stability for 24 h at a polarisation current of 50 mA/cm2.The double layer capacitance(Cdl)of the Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF heterostructure(34.69 mF/cm2)surpasses that of the bare and binary electrocatalysts,suggesting that the ternary Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF electrocatalyst possesses a larger electrochemically active surface area.Ultimately,it is shown that the synergetic effect of the Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF electrocatalyst plays a significant role in its remarkable stability during extended OER assessments.展开更多
Substantial research has been dedicated to advancing visible-light photocatalysts for the conversion of CO2into sustainable fuels.The overall efficiency of this process is critically dependent on both the effective...Substantial research has been dedicated to advancing visible-light photocatalysts for the conversion of CO2into sustainable fuels.The overall efficiency of this process is critically dependent on both the effective generation/separation of photogenerated charge carriers and the adsorption/activation of CO2reactants.Bismuth oxyhalides(BiOX)are promising due to their layered structure and built-in electric field,which facilitate charge separation.However,their practical application is often limited by insufficient CO2adsorption capacity and restricted visible-light harvesting.Herein,we report a series of composite photocatalysts constructed via the in situ growth of BiOX on needle coke-derived graphene(NCG).This integrated structure leverages the high specific surface area and inherent heteroatom doping of NCG to enhance CO2adsorption,while the resulting intimate heterojunction significantly promotes visible-light absorption(especially within 500-800 nm)and accelerates interfacial charge transfer.The optimized BiOBr-25%NCG composite achieves a remarkable CO production rate of 46.32μmol·g−1·h−1from photocatalytic CO2reduction without any sacrificial agents,representing a 13-fold enhancement over pristine NCG and a∼4000-fold increase compared to bare BiOBr.The superior performance is attributed to the synergistic enhancement of light absorption,charge separation kinetics,and CO2adsorption activation.This work presents a viable strategy for developing efficient,low-cost photocatalytic systems by integrating functional carbon matrices derived from industrial byproducts with semiconductor catalysts.展开更多
Supercapacitors represent one specific class of energy storage devices that bridge the gap between traditional capacitors and batteries.In current work,δ-MnO2 nanoflakes arrayed on electrochemically exfoliated gra...Supercapacitors represent one specific class of energy storage devices that bridge the gap between traditional capacitors and batteries.In current work,δ-MnO2 nanoflakes arrayed on electrochemically exfoliated graphene(EEG)nanosheets were easily made as one composited electrode material for boosting the charge storage performances of supercapacitors.Coupled with the fluent electron and ion transport from two-dimensional EEG nanosheets,the uniformly anchoredδ-MnO2 nanoflake arrays present high reversible capacity,superior cycling stability,and unique rate capability.As expected,the MnO2/EEG-10 electrode delivers high specific capacitance of 190 F·g−1 at 0.2 A·g−1,and holds 97.3%of its initial capacitance after 10000 cycles at 5 A·g−1.Furthermore,an asymmetrical supercapacitor using MnO2/EEG-10 as the positive electrode achieves an energy density of 17.7 W·h·kg−1 at a power density of 922.7 W·kg−1 with 82.9%capacity retention upon 10000 cycles at 5 A·g−1.This work highlights the facile fabrication of high-performance MnO2/graphene composites with excellent structure stability using graphene nanosheets as the conductive matrix.展开更多
Carbon materials,characterized by diverse allotropes,have played critical roles in the advancement of human civilization and industrial manufacturing.As a prominent allotrope,two-dimensional(2D)graphene materials have...Carbon materials,characterized by diverse allotropes,have played critical roles in the advancement of human civilization and industrial manufacturing.As a prominent allotrope,two-dimensional(2D)graphene materials have attracted increasing attention since their discovery owing to their exceptional properties;however,they suffer from the fundamental challenges of restacking and agglomeration,which diminish their performance in practical applications.The design of three-dimensional(3D)frameworks composed of 2D graphene sheets is considered an effective strategy to resolve these issues and enable the efficient utilization of the properties of graphene.Compared with conventional fabrication methods,such as graphene oxide assembly and template-assisted chemical vapor deposition,the chemical blowing strategy is distinguished by its low cost,facile process,and superior controllability.Despite these advantages,few review articles have focused specifically on the fabrication of 3D graphene materials via chemical blowing.This review outlines the chemical blowing strategy and clarifies the fundamentals of the blowing process,its historical evolution,and the classification of 3D graphene materials.Subsequently,the recent progress in 3D graphene foams and powders fabricated via chemical blowing is detailed,with an emphasis on the underlying synthesis chemistry.Following an analysis of the correlation between 3D graphene foam and powder materials,their design considerations and functional applications are discussed.This discussion provides recommendations for the synthesis of specific 3D graphene materials and elucidates their differences and commonalities across various application scenarios.Finally,after a brief summary,current challenges,opportunities,and future research directions for the development of chemical blowing are proposed.展开更多
CO2hydrogenation to value-added light olefins(C2-4=)is crucial for the utilization and cycling of global carbon resource.Moderate CO2activation and carbon chain growth ability are key factors for iron-based c...CO2hydrogenation to value-added light olefins(C2-4=)is crucial for the utilization and cycling of global carbon resource.Moderate CO2activation and carbon chain growth ability are key factors for iron-based catalysts for efficient CO2conversion to target C2-4=products.The electronic interaction and confinement effect of electron-deficient graphene inner surface on the active phase are effective to improve surface chemical properties and enhance the catalytic performance.Here,we report a core-shell FeCo alloy catalyst with graphene layers confinement prepared by a simple sol-gel method.The electron transfer from Fe species to curved graphene inner surface modifies the surface electronic structure of the active phaseχ-(FexCo1-x)5C2and improves CO2adsorption capacity,enhancing the efficient conversion of CO2and moderate C-C coupling.Therefore,the catalyst FeCoK@C exhibits C2-4=selectivity of 33.0%while maintaining high CO2conversion of 52.0%.The high stability without obvious deactivation for over 100 h and unprecedented C2-4=space time yield(STY)up to 52.9 mmolCO2·g-1·h-1demonstrate its potential for practical application.This work provides an efficient strategy for the development of high-performance CO2hydrogenation catalysts.展开更多
Low-cost Fe-based disordered rock salt(DRX)Li2FeTiO4is capable of providing high capacity(295 mA h g-1)by redox activity of cations(Fe2+/Fe4+and Ti3+/Ti4+)and anionic oxygen.However,DRX structures...Low-cost Fe-based disordered rock salt(DRX)Li2FeTiO4is capable of providing high capacity(295 mA h g-1)by redox activity of cations(Fe2+/Fe4+and Ti3+/Ti4+)and anionic oxygen.However,DRX structures lack transport channels for ions and electrons,resulting in sluggish kinetics,poor electrochemical activity,and cyclability.Herein,graphene conductive carbon network permeated Li2FeTiO4(LFT/C/G)nanofibers are successfully prepared by a facile sol-gel assisted electrospinning method.Ultrafine Li2FeTiO4nanoparticles(2 nm)and one-dimensional(1D)structure provide abu ndant active sites and unobstructed diffu sion channels,accelerating ion diffusion.In addition,introducing graphene reduces the band gap and Li+diffusion barrier and improves the dynamic properties of Li2FeTiO4,thus achieving a relatively mild interfacial reaction and reversible redox reaction.As expected,the LFT/C/1.0G cathode delivers a remarkable discharge capacity(238.5 mA h g-1),high energy density(508.8 Wh kg-1),and excellent rate capability(51.2 mA hg-1at 1.0 A g-1).Besides,the LFT/C/1.0G anode also displays a high capacity(514.5 mA h g-1at 500 mA g-1)and a remarkable rate capability(243.9 mA h g-1at 8 A g-1).Moreover,the full batteries based on the LFT/C/1.0G symmetric electrode demonstrate a reversible capacity of 117.0 mA h g-1after 100 cycles at 50 mA g-1.This study presents useful insights into developing cost-effective DRX cathodes with durable and fast lithium storage.展开更多
The photo-assisted Fenton-like method is an effective and sustainable way to remove organic pollutants from water.Herein,a series of three-dimensional composites containing MIL-88A(Fe)-derived α-Fe2O3and graphe...The photo-assisted Fenton-like method is an effective and sustainable way to remove organic pollutants from water.Herein,a series of three-dimensional composites containing MIL-88A(Fe)-derived α-Fe2O3and graphene aerogel(GA-Fe-X)were designed and used as catalysts to degrade ciprofloxacin(CIP)by peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activated photo-Fenton-like technology.The as-prepared GA-Fe-1 displayed remarkable enhancement with a CIP degradation rate constant(0.017 min-1)higher than that of graphene aerogel(0.0031 min-1)and MIL-88A(Fe)(0.0039 min-1).Experimental results demonstrated that the combination of MIL-88A(Fe)-derived α-Fe2O3and graphene aerogel forming GA-Fe-X enhanced the separation efficiency of electron-hole pairs,activating PMS to produce SO4·-,·OH and 1O2 for enhanced CIP degradation through radical and non-radical pathways.The factors affecting CIP degradation during the photoFenton-like process were thoroughly investigated.The possible CIP degradation pathways and ecotoxicity of the intermediates were also analyzed.This work enhances our understanding of the photo-Fenton-like effect in three-dimensional graphene aerogel composites.展开更多
The unique properties of TiO2-sulfur(TiO2-S)modified graphene nanocomposite electrode(GPE/TiO2-S)in the electrochemical sensing of formaldehyde compound has been evaluated.We prepared TiO2-S by hydrotherma...The unique properties of TiO2-sulfur(TiO2-S)modified graphene nanocomposite electrode(GPE/TiO2-S)in the electrochemical sensing of formaldehyde compound has been evaluated.We prepared TiO2-S by hydrothermal method and modified the graphene nanocomposite electrode by applying electrochemical cyclic voltammetry(CV)approach.The TiO2-S nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),while the GPE/TiO2-S was examined by scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)and X-Ray fluorosense(XRF)techniques.TiO2-S has a grain size of 19.32 nm.The surface morphology of the GPE/TiO2-S nanocomposite shows a good,intact,and tightly porous structure with TiO2-S covers the graphene surface.The content of optimized GPE/TiO2-S electrodes is 41.5%of graphene,37.8%of TiO2,and 12.4%of sulfur that was prepared by mixing 1 g of TiO2-S with 0.5 g of graphene and 0.3 mL paraffin.The GPE/TiO2-S electrode produces a high anodic current(Ipa)of 800μA and a high cathodic current(Ipc)of-600μA at a scan rate of 0.1 V·s-1using an electrolyte0.01 mol·L-1K_3[Fe(CN)_6]solution containing 150 mg·L-1formaldehyde.The limit of detection can reach as low as 9.7 mg·L-1with stability with Horwitz ratio value as low as 0.397.The composite electrode also exhibits excellent slectivity properties by showing clear formaldehyde sugnal in the presence of high concentration of interfering agent.GPE/TiO2-S electrode should find potential application of formaldehyde detection in food industries.展开更多
Charge-neutral method(CNM)is extensively used in investigating the performance of catalysts and the mechanism of N2electrochemical reduction(NRR).However,disparities remain between the predicted potentials required...Charge-neutral method(CNM)is extensively used in investigating the performance of catalysts and the mechanism of N2electrochemical reduction(NRR).However,disparities remain between the predicted potentials required for NRR by the CNM methods and those observed experimentally,as the CNM method neglects the charge effect from the electrode potential.To address this issue,we employed the constant electrode potential(CEP)method to screen atomic transition metal-N-graphene(M1/N-graphene)as NRR electrocatalysts and systematically investigated the underlying catalytic mechanism.Among eight types of M1/N-graphene(M1=Mo,W,Fe,Re,Ni,Co,V,Cr),W1/N-graphene emerges as the most promising NRR electrocatalyst with a limiting potential as low as−0.13 V.Additionally,the W1/N-graphene system consistently maintains a positive charge during the reaction due to its Fermi level being higher than that of the electrode.These results better match with the actual circumstances compared to those calculated by conventional CNM method.Thus,our work not only develops a promising electrocatalyst for NRR but also deepens the understanding of the intrinsic electrocatalytic mechanism.展开更多
Manipulating catalyst structures to control product selectivity while maintaining high activity presents a considerable challenge in CO2hydrogenation.Combining density functional theory calculations and microkineti...Manipulating catalyst structures to control product selectivity while maintaining high activity presents a considerable challenge in CO2hydrogenation.Combining density functional theory calculations and microkinetic analysis,we proposed that graphene-supported isolated Pt atoms(Pt1/graphene)and Pt2dimers(Pt2/graphene)exhibited distinct selectivity in CO2hydrogenation.Pt1/graphene facilitated the conversion of CO2into formic acid,whereas Pt2/graphene favored methanol generation.The variation in product selectivity arose from the synergistic interaction of Pt2dimers,which facilitated the migration of H atoms between two Pt atoms and promoted the transformation from*COOH intermediates to*C(OH)2intermediates,altering the reaction pathways compared to isolated Pt atoms.Additionally,an analysis of the catalytic activities of three Pt1/graphene and three Pt2/graphene structures revealed that the turnover frequencies for formic acid generation on Pt1ii/graphene and methanol generation on Pt2i/graphene were as high as 744.48 h-1and 789.48 h-1,respectively.These values rivaled or even surpassed those previously reported in the literature under identical conditions.This study provides valuable insights into optimizing catalyst structures to achieve desired products in CO2hydrogenation.展开更多
Graphene has enormous potential to capture CO2due to its unique properties and cost-effectiveness.However,graphene-based adsorbents have drawbacks of lower CO2adsorption capacity and poor selectivity.This work d...Graphene has enormous potential to capture CO2due to its unique properties and cost-effectiveness.However,graphene-based adsorbents have drawbacks of lower CO2adsorption capacity and poor selectivity.This work demonstrates a one-step rapid and sustainable N2/H2plasma treatment process to prepare graphene-based sorbent material with enhanced CO2adsorption performance.Plasma treatment directly enriches amine species,increases surface area,and improves textural properties.The CO2adsorption capacity increases from 1.6 to 3.3 mmol/g for capturing flue gas,and from 0.14 to 1.3 mmol/g for direct air capture (DAC).Importantly,the electrothermal property of the plasma-modified aerogels has been significantly improved,resulting in faster heating rates and significantly reducing energy consumption compared to conventional external heating for regeneration of sorbents.Modified aerogels display improved selectivity of 42 and 87 after plasma modification for 5 and 10 min,respectively.The plasma-treated aerogels display minimal loss between 17%and 19% in capacity after 40 adsorption/desorption cycles,rendering excellent stability.The N2/H2plasma treatment of adsorbent materials would lower energy expenses and prevent negative effects on the global economy caused by climate change.展开更多
In this study,the holey graphene was prepared by microwave-assisted chemical etching.The three-dimensional(3D)holey graphene hydrogel was obtained through hydrothermal self-assembly method,followed by the introduction...In this study,the holey graphene was prepared by microwave-assisted chemical etching.The three-dimensional(3D)holey graphene hydrogel was obtained through hydrothermal self-assembly method,followed by the introduction of FeCo2S4particles.The resulting holey graphene hydrogel,characterized by high specific surface area and abundant pores combined with FeCo2S4with high pseudocapacitance by interfacial interaction,shortened the mass transport path and enhanced the specific capacitance.The findings reveal that the holey graphene hydrogel/FeCo2S4(FeCo2S4/HGH)composite exhibits high specific capacitance and impressive rate capability(413.4 F·g-1at 1 A·g-1,300.4 F·g-1at 6 A·g-1).The symmetric supercapacitor operated within a stable potential window of 0.1-1.6 V,achieving specific capacitance of 127.5 F·g-1at 1 A·g-1,and can deliver 37.1 Wh·kg-1at a power density of 1499 W·kg-1.Besides,under the current density of 3 A·g-1,the supercapacitor retained 90.8%of its capacitance after 5000 cycles,demonstrating exceptional cycle stability.This study presents an efficient method for fabricating advanced integrated supercapacitors electrodes with enhanced energy density.展开更多
Ultrasound is a powerful tool in materials processing,yet its application in constructing van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures remains under-explored.In this study,MoS2and graphene—two widely studied 2D materials—w...Ultrasound is a powerful tool in materials processing,yet its application in constructing van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures remains under-explored.In this study,MoS2and graphene—two widely studied 2D materials—were successfully assembled into vdW heterostructures via a convenient ultrasound-driven self-assembly approach.The morphology of the heterostructures was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),while their structural and compositional features were confirmed through x-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy,and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Red-shifted Raman peaks and decreased binding energies in XPS spectra provided strong evidence of successful heterostructure formation.A three-stage assembly mechanism—comprising dispersion,assembly,and adjustment—is proposed,with acoustic cavitation playing a key role in driving the process.This study not only demonstrates the feasibility of synthesizing 2D heterostructures via an ultrasonic route but also lays a foundation for future scalable,energy-efficient fabrication strategies.展开更多
The production of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)via artificial photosynthesis using single-atom semiconductor photocatalysts represents a promising green and sustainable technology.However,its efficiency is still limit...The production of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)via artificial photosynthesis using single-atom semiconductor photocatalysts represents a promising green and sustainable technology.However,its efficiency is still limited by sluggish water oxidation kinetics,poor photogenerated charge separation,and insufficient O2adsorption and activation capabilities.Herein,uniformly dispersed single-atom catalysts(SACs)with a Co-N4coordination structure have been synthesized by thermally transforming cobalt phthalocyanine(CoPc)assemblies pre-anchored on phosphate functionalized reduced graphene oxide(Co@rGO-P),and then used to construct heterojunctions with perylenetetracarboxylic acid(PTA)nanosheets for photocatalytic H2O2production by an in-situ growth method.The optimized Co@rGO-P/PTA achieved an H2O2production rate of 1.4 mmol g-1h-1in pure water,with a 12.9-fold enhancement compared to pristine PTA nanosheets exhibiting competitive photoactivity among reported perylene-based materials.Femtosecond transient absorption spectra,in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectra and theoretical calculations reveal that the exceptional performance is attributed to the enhanced electron transfer from PTA to rGO via the phosphate bridge and then to the Co-N4,and to the promoted O2adsorption and activation at Co-N4active sites.This work provides a feasible and effective strategy for designing highly efficient single-atom semiconductor heterojunction photocatalysts for H2O2production.展开更多
Optical polarizers,which allow the transmission of specific polarization states,are essential components in modern optical systems.Here,we experimentally demonstrate integrated photonic polarizers incorporating reduce...Optical polarizers,which allow the transmission of specific polarization states,are essential components in modern optical systems.Here,we experimentally demonstrate integrated photonic polarizers incorporating reduced graphene oxide(rGO)films.2D graphene oxide(GO)films are integrated onto silicon waveguides and microring resonators(MRRs)with precise control over their thicknesses and sizes,followed by GO reduction via two different methods including uniform thermal reduction and localized photothermal reduction.We measure devices with various lengths,thicknesses,and reduction degrees of GO films.The results show that the devices with rGO exhibit better performance than those with GO,achieving a polarization-dependent loss of~47 dB and a polarization extinction ratio of~16 dB for the hybrid waveguides and MRRs with rGO,respectively.By fitting the experimental results with theory,it is found that rGO exhibits more significant anisotropy in loss,with an anisotropy ratio over 4 times that of GO.In addition,rGO shows higher thermal stability and greater robustness to photothermal reduction than GO.These results highlight the strong potential of rGO films for implementing high-performance polarization selective devices in integrated photonic platforms.展开更多
Response surface methodology(RSM)was employed to optimize the control parameters of TiO2/graphene with exposed{001}facets during synthesis,and its enhanced photocatalytic activities were evaluated in the photodegra...Response surface methodology(RSM)was employed to optimize the control parameters of TiO2/graphene with exposed{001}facets during synthesis,and its enhanced photocatalytic activities were evaluated in the photodegradation of toluene.Experimental results were in good agreement with the predicted results obtained using RSM with a correlation coefficient(R2)of 0.9345.When 22.06 mg of graphite oxide(GO)and 2.09 mL of hydrofluoric acid(HF)were added and a hydrothermal time of 28 h was used,a maximum efficiency in the degradation of toluene was achieved.X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were employed to characterize the obtained hybrid photocatalyst.The electron transferred between Ti and C retarded the combination of electron–hole pairs and hastened the transferring of electrons,which enhanced the photocatalytic activity.展开更多
Conversion-type anode materials are highly desirable for Na-ion batteries(NIBs)due to their high theoretical capacity.Nevertheless,the active materials undergo severe expansion and pulverization during the sodiation,r...Conversion-type anode materials are highly desirable for Na-ion batteries(NIBs)due to their high theoretical capacity.Nevertheless,the active materials undergo severe expansion and pulverization during the sodiation,resulting in inferior cycling stability.Herein,a self-supporting three-dimensional(3D)graphene sponge decorated with Fe2O3nanocubes(rGO@Fe2O3)is constructed.Specifically,the 3D graphene sponge with resilience and high porosity benefits to accommodate the volume expansion of the Fe2O3nanocubes and facilitates the rapid electrons/ions transport,enabling spatial confinement to achieve outstanding results.Besides,the free-standing rGO@Fe2O3can be directly used as an electrode without additional binders and conductive additives,which helps to obtain a higher energy density.Based on the total mass of the rGO@Fe2O3material,the rGO@Fe2O3anode presents a specific capacity of 859 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g.It also delivers an impressive cycling performance(327 mAh/g after 2000 cycles at 1 A/g)and a superior rate capacity(162mAh/g at 20 A/g).The coin-type Na3V2(PO4)3@C/GO@Fe2O3NIB exhibits an energy density of 265.3Wh/kg.This unique 3D ionic/electronic conductive network may provide new strategies to design advanced conversion-type anode materials for high-performance NIBs.展开更多
Titanium dioxide(TiO2) has gained burgeoning attention for potassium-ion storage because of its large theoretical capacity,wide availability,and environmental benignity.Nevertheless,the inherently poor conductivity gi...Titanium dioxide(TiO2) has gained burgeoning attention for potassium-ion storage because of its large theoretical capacity,wide availability,and environmental benignity.Nevertheless,the inherently poor conductivity gives rise to its sluggish reaction kinetics and inferior rate capability.Here,we report the direct graphene growth over TiO2 nanotubes by virtue of chemical vapor deposition.Such conformal graphene coatings effectively enhance the conductive environment and well accommodate the volume change of TiO2 upon potassiation/depotassiation.When paired with an activated carbon cathode,the graphene-armored TiO2 nanotubes allow the potassium-ion hybrid capacitor full cells to harvest an energy/power density of 81.2 Wh kg-1/3746.6 W kg-1.We further employ in situ transmis sion electron microscopy and ope rando X-ray diffraction to probe the potassium-ion storage behavior.This work offers a viable and versatile solution to the anode design and in situ probing of potassium storage technologies that is readily promising for practical applications.展开更多
摘要We synthesized a mesoporous film based on TiO2-reduced graphene oxide(RGO)hybrids using a one-step vapor-thermal method without the need for an additional annealing process.The vapor-thermally prepared TiO2-graphene hybrid(VTH)features unique structures with an ultra-large specific surface area of^260 m^2 g^-1 and low aggregation,giving rise to enhanced light harvesting and increased charge generation and separation efficiency.It was observed that a mesoporous film with uniform pore distribution is simultaneously obtained during the VTH growth process.When a 5.0 wt%RGO VTH film was used as the active layer in photocatalysis,the highest photocatalytic activity for degradation of methyl orange was achieved.For another,when a 0.75 wt%RGO VTH film was used as the photoanode in a dye-sensitized solar cell,the power conversion efficiency reached 7.58%,which represents an increase of 73.1%compared to a solar cell using an a photoanode of pure TiO2 synthesized by a traditional solvothermal method.It is expected that this facile method for the synthesis of TiO2/graphene hybrid mesoporous films will be useful in practical applications for preparing other metal oxide/graphene hybrids with ultra-high photocatalytic activity and photovoltaic performance.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22209037 and 52472092)。
摘要As a core component in the electrochemical water splitting system,the cathode catalyst is capable of boosting the kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),while the scarcity and expenditure of current noble metal-based electrocatalysts seriously restrict the large-scale commercial development of hydrogen manufacturing devices.Here,we present a robust and controllable self-assembly method for the spatial construction of three-dimensional(3D)porous ternary nanoarchitectures comprising Ti3C2Tx MXene,MoS2nanosheets,and graphene(MX/MoS2/G).This bottom-up strategy contributes to the intriguing structural features of the resulting nanoarchitectures,including 3D crosslinked porous networks,ultrathin walls,plentiful exposed reactive sites,and numerous efficient electron channels.As a consequence,the optimized MX/MoS2/G electrocatalyst depicts superior electrocatalytic HER performance in terms of a competitive onset potential,a small Tafel slope,a large electrochemically active surface area,and exceptional durability,which significantly outperforms the bare MXene,MoS2,graphene,as well as binary MXene/graphene and MoS2/graphene electrocatalysts.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program in Shaanxi Province of China (2022JQ-442)the Natural Science Basic Research Program in Shaanxi Province of China (2022JQ-120)the Shaanxi Provincial Education Department (21JK0958)
摘要This research investigated the electrocatalytic properties of a ternary structured dysprosium oxide(Dy2O3)/graphene sheets(Gs)/gadolinium-metal organic frameworks(Gd-MOF)system for oxygen evolution reactions(OER).The ternary Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF composite was synthesised through a simple solvothermal method.The physicochemical properties of all materials were investigated using powder X-ray diffraction(p-XRD),Raman spectroscopy,ultraviolet–visible(UV–Vis)spectroscopy,UV-diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-DRS),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy(EDS),thermogravimetry(TGA)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The engineered heterostructure electrodes are fine-tuned to enhance the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in an alkaline medium using 1.0 mol/L KOH.The ternary Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF composite exhibits a diverse morphology comprising nanosheets,rods,and particle-like features.In contrast to bare and binary electrocatalysts,the ternary Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF electrocatalyst shows superior OER performance and current density due to the successful integration of graphene sheets and Gd-MOF within the Dy2O3structure.Thus,the ideal ternary Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF shows the minimum overpotential of 339 mV at 50 mA/cm2,a Tafel slope value of 136 m V/dec,and maintains long-standing stability for 24 h at a polarisation current of 50 mA/cm2.The double layer capacitance(Cdl)of the Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF heterostructure(34.69 mF/cm2)surpasses that of the bare and binary electrocatalysts,suggesting that the ternary Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF electrocatalyst possesses a larger electrochemically active surface area.Ultimately,it is shown that the synergetic effect of the Dy2O3/Gs/Gd-MOF electrocatalyst plays a significant role in its remarkable stability during extended OER assessments.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2025YFF0516100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22508418)+4 种基金National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists of China(Grant No.22425808)the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2244076)Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(Grant No.2462023QNXZ009)Frontier Interdisciplinary Exploration Research Program of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(Grant No.2462024XKQY008)Carbon Neutrality Research Institute Fund(Grant No.CNIF20240103).
摘要Substantial research has been dedicated to advancing visible-light photocatalysts for the conversion of CO2into sustainable fuels.The overall efficiency of this process is critically dependent on both the effective generation/separation of photogenerated charge carriers and the adsorption/activation of CO2reactants.Bismuth oxyhalides(BiOX)are promising due to their layered structure and built-in electric field,which facilitate charge separation.However,their practical application is often limited by insufficient CO2adsorption capacity and restricted visible-light harvesting.Herein,we report a series of composite photocatalysts constructed via the in situ growth of BiOX on needle coke-derived graphene(NCG).This integrated structure leverages the high specific surface area and inherent heteroatom doping of NCG to enhance CO2adsorption,while the resulting intimate heterojunction significantly promotes visible-light absorption(especially within 500-800 nm)and accelerates interfacial charge transfer.The optimized BiOBr-25%NCG composite achieves a remarkable CO production rate of 46.32μmol·g−1·h−1from photocatalytic CO2reduction without any sacrificial agents,representing a 13-fold enhancement over pristine NCG and a∼4000-fold increase compared to bare BiOBr.The superior performance is attributed to the synergistic enhancement of light absorption,charge separation kinetics,and CO2adsorption activation.This work presents a viable strategy for developing efficient,low-cost photocatalytic systems by integrating functional carbon matrices derived from industrial byproducts with semiconductor catalysts.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2023ME155 and ZR2023ME085)the project of“20 Items of University”of Jinan(202228046)the Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province(tsqn202306226 and tsqn202211171).
摘要Supercapacitors represent one specific class of energy storage devices that bridge the gap between traditional capacitors and batteries.In current work,δ-MnO2 nanoflakes arrayed on electrochemically exfoliated graphene(EEG)nanosheets were easily made as one composited electrode material for boosting the charge storage performances of supercapacitors.Coupled with the fluent electron and ion transport from two-dimensional EEG nanosheets,the uniformly anchoredδ-MnO2 nanoflake arrays present high reversible capacity,superior cycling stability,and unique rate capability.As expected,the MnO2/EEG-10 electrode delivers high specific capacitance of 190 F·g−1 at 0.2 A·g−1,and holds 97.3%of its initial capacitance after 10000 cycles at 5 A·g−1.Furthermore,an asymmetrical supercapacitor using MnO2/EEG-10 as the positive electrode achieves an energy density of 17.7 W·h·kg−1 at a power density of 922.7 W·kg−1 with 82.9%capacity retention upon 10000 cycles at 5 A·g−1.This work highlights the facile fabrication of high-performance MnO2/graphene composites with excellent structure stability using graphene nanosheets as the conductive matrix.
基金supported by the Shaanxi Qinchuangyuan Cited High-level Innovation and Entrepreneurial Talents Project,China(No.QCYRCXM-2023-039)Young Talent Fund of Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China(No.20240433)National Natural Science Foundation Program of China(No.52204370).
摘要Carbon materials,characterized by diverse allotropes,have played critical roles in the advancement of human civilization and industrial manufacturing.As a prominent allotrope,two-dimensional(2D)graphene materials have attracted increasing attention since their discovery owing to their exceptional properties;however,they suffer from the fundamental challenges of restacking and agglomeration,which diminish their performance in practical applications.The design of three-dimensional(3D)frameworks composed of 2D graphene sheets is considered an effective strategy to resolve these issues and enable the efficient utilization of the properties of graphene.Compared with conventional fabrication methods,such as graphene oxide assembly and template-assisted chemical vapor deposition,the chemical blowing strategy is distinguished by its low cost,facile process,and superior controllability.Despite these advantages,few review articles have focused specifically on the fabrication of 3D graphene materials via chemical blowing.This review outlines the chemical blowing strategy and clarifies the fundamentals of the blowing process,its historical evolution,and the classification of 3D graphene materials.Subsequently,the recent progress in 3D graphene foams and powders fabricated via chemical blowing is detailed,with an emphasis on the underlying synthesis chemistry.Following an analysis of the correlation between 3D graphene foam and powder materials,their design considerations and functional applications are discussed.This discussion provides recommendations for the synthesis of specific 3D graphene materials and elucidates their differences and commonalities across various application scenarios.Finally,after a brief summary,current challenges,opportunities,and future research directions for the development of chemical blowing are proposed.
摘要CO2hydrogenation to value-added light olefins(C2-4=)is crucial for the utilization and cycling of global carbon resource.Moderate CO2activation and carbon chain growth ability are key factors for iron-based catalysts for efficient CO2conversion to target C2-4=products.The electronic interaction and confinement effect of electron-deficient graphene inner surface on the active phase are effective to improve surface chemical properties and enhance the catalytic performance.Here,we report a core-shell FeCo alloy catalyst with graphene layers confinement prepared by a simple sol-gel method.The electron transfer from Fe species to curved graphene inner surface modifies the surface electronic structure of the active phaseχ-(FexCo1-x)5C2and improves CO2adsorption capacity,enhancing the efficient conversion of CO2and moderate C-C coupling.Therefore,the catalyst FeCoK@C exhibits C2-4=selectivity of 33.0%while maintaining high CO2conversion of 52.0%.The high stability without obvious deactivation for over 100 h and unprecedented C2-4=space time yield(STY)up to 52.9 mmolCO2·g-1·h-1demonstrate its potential for practical application.This work provides an efficient strategy for the development of high-performance CO2hydrogenation catalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278347)the Excellent Doctoral Student Research Innovation Project of Xinjiang University of China(XJU2022BS048)the Postgraduate Innovation Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China(XJ2023G027).
摘要Low-cost Fe-based disordered rock salt(DRX)Li2FeTiO4is capable of providing high capacity(295 mA h g-1)by redox activity of cations(Fe2+/Fe4+and Ti3+/Ti4+)and anionic oxygen.However,DRX structures lack transport channels for ions and electrons,resulting in sluggish kinetics,poor electrochemical activity,and cyclability.Herein,graphene conductive carbon network permeated Li2FeTiO4(LFT/C/G)nanofibers are successfully prepared by a facile sol-gel assisted electrospinning method.Ultrafine Li2FeTiO4nanoparticles(2 nm)and one-dimensional(1D)structure provide abu ndant active sites and unobstructed diffu sion channels,accelerating ion diffusion.In addition,introducing graphene reduces the band gap and Li+diffusion barrier and improves the dynamic properties of Li2FeTiO4,thus achieving a relatively mild interfacial reaction and reversible redox reaction.As expected,the LFT/C/1.0G cathode delivers a remarkable discharge capacity(238.5 mA h g-1),high energy density(508.8 Wh kg-1),and excellent rate capability(51.2 mA hg-1at 1.0 A g-1).Besides,the LFT/C/1.0G anode also displays a high capacity(514.5 mA h g-1at 500 mA g-1)and a remarkable rate capability(243.9 mA h g-1at 8 A g-1).Moreover,the full batteries based on the LFT/C/1.0G symmetric electrode demonstrate a reversible capacity of 117.0 mA h g-1after 100 cycles at 50 mA g-1.This study presents useful insights into developing cost-effective DRX cathodes with durable and fast lithium storage.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12075152,42177405,12075147)for the financial support。
摘要The photo-assisted Fenton-like method is an effective and sustainable way to remove organic pollutants from water.Herein,a series of three-dimensional composites containing MIL-88A(Fe)-derived α-Fe2O3and graphene aerogel(GA-Fe-X)were designed and used as catalysts to degrade ciprofloxacin(CIP)by peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activated photo-Fenton-like technology.The as-prepared GA-Fe-1 displayed remarkable enhancement with a CIP degradation rate constant(0.017 min-1)higher than that of graphene aerogel(0.0031 min-1)and MIL-88A(Fe)(0.0039 min-1).Experimental results demonstrated that the combination of MIL-88A(Fe)-derived α-Fe2O3and graphene aerogel forming GA-Fe-X enhanced the separation efficiency of electron-hole pairs,activating PMS to produce SO4·-,·OH and 1O2 for enhanced CIP degradation through radical and non-radical pathways.The factors affecting CIP degradation during the photoFenton-like process were thoroughly investigated.The possible CIP degradation pathways and ecotoxicity of the intermediates were also analyzed.This work enhances our understanding of the photo-Fenton-like effect in three-dimensional graphene aerogel composites.
基金the financial support from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia under the Applied Research award(DIPA023.17.1.690523/2023)the World Class Professor award grant 2023。
摘要The unique properties of TiO2-sulfur(TiO2-S)modified graphene nanocomposite electrode(GPE/TiO2-S)in the electrochemical sensing of formaldehyde compound has been evaluated.We prepared TiO2-S by hydrothermal method and modified the graphene nanocomposite electrode by applying electrochemical cyclic voltammetry(CV)approach.The TiO2-S nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),while the GPE/TiO2-S was examined by scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)and X-Ray fluorosense(XRF)techniques.TiO2-S has a grain size of 19.32 nm.The surface morphology of the GPE/TiO2-S nanocomposite shows a good,intact,and tightly porous structure with TiO2-S covers the graphene surface.The content of optimized GPE/TiO2-S electrodes is 41.5%of graphene,37.8%of TiO2,and 12.4%of sulfur that was prepared by mixing 1 g of TiO2-S with 0.5 g of graphene and 0.3 mL paraffin.The GPE/TiO2-S electrode produces a high anodic current(Ipa)of 800μA and a high cathodic current(Ipc)of-600μA at a scan rate of 0.1 V·s-1using an electrolyte0.01 mol·L-1K_3[Fe(CN)_6]solution containing 150 mg·L-1formaldehyde.The limit of detection can reach as low as 9.7 mg·L-1with stability with Horwitz ratio value as low as 0.397.The composite electrode also exhibits excellent slectivity properties by showing clear formaldehyde sugnal in the presence of high concentration of interfering agent.GPE/TiO2-S electrode should find potential application of formaldehyde detection in food industries.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2024A1515011094(C.Q Sun))National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12304243(H.X.Fang),12150100(B.Wang))is gratefully acknowledged。
摘要Charge-neutral method(CNM)is extensively used in investigating the performance of catalysts and the mechanism of N2electrochemical reduction(NRR).However,disparities remain between the predicted potentials required for NRR by the CNM methods and those observed experimentally,as the CNM method neglects the charge effect from the electrode potential.To address this issue,we employed the constant electrode potential(CEP)method to screen atomic transition metal-N-graphene(M1/N-graphene)as NRR electrocatalysts and systematically investigated the underlying catalytic mechanism.Among eight types of M1/N-graphene(M1=Mo,W,Fe,Re,Ni,Co,V,Cr),W1/N-graphene emerges as the most promising NRR electrocatalyst with a limiting potential as low as−0.13 V.Additionally,the W1/N-graphene system consistently maintains a positive charge during the reaction due to its Fermi level being higher than that of the electrode.These results better match with the actual circumstances compared to those calculated by conventional CNM method.Thus,our work not only develops a promising electrocatalyst for NRR but also deepens the understanding of the intrinsic electrocatalytic mechanism.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2022YFA1505800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22373092)+5 种基金CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(No.YSBR-051)China Association for Science and Technology(No.YESS20200031)the Start-up Funding of Central South University(No.502045005)Industry-University-Research Cooperation Projects with Zhejiang NHU Co.,Ltd.Ningbo Fengcheng Advanced Energy Materials Research Institutesupported by USTC Tang Scholarship。
摘要Manipulating catalyst structures to control product selectivity while maintaining high activity presents a considerable challenge in CO2hydrogenation.Combining density functional theory calculations and microkinetic analysis,we proposed that graphene-supported isolated Pt atoms(Pt1/graphene)and Pt2dimers(Pt2/graphene)exhibited distinct selectivity in CO2hydrogenation.Pt1/graphene facilitated the conversion of CO2into formic acid,whereas Pt2/graphene favored methanol generation.The variation in product selectivity arose from the synergistic interaction of Pt2dimers,which facilitated the migration of H atoms between two Pt atoms and promoted the transformation from*COOH intermediates to*C(OH)2intermediates,altering the reaction pathways compared to isolated Pt atoms.Additionally,an analysis of the catalytic activities of three Pt1/graphene and three Pt2/graphene structures revealed that the turnover frequencies for formic acid generation on Pt1ii/graphene and methanol generation on Pt2i/graphene were as high as 744.48 h-1and 789.48 h-1,respectively.These values rivaled or even surpassed those previously reported in the literature under identical conditions.This study provides valuable insights into optimizing catalyst structures to achieve desired products in CO2hydrogenation.
基金Guangzhou (China) government postdoctoral program for providing financial support to conduct this worksupport from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 72140008)funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program under grant agreement No. 101022484。
摘要Graphene has enormous potential to capture CO2due to its unique properties and cost-effectiveness.However,graphene-based adsorbents have drawbacks of lower CO2adsorption capacity and poor selectivity.This work demonstrates a one-step rapid and sustainable N2/H2plasma treatment process to prepare graphene-based sorbent material with enhanced CO2adsorption performance.Plasma treatment directly enriches amine species,increases surface area,and improves textural properties.The CO2adsorption capacity increases from 1.6 to 3.3 mmol/g for capturing flue gas,and from 0.14 to 1.3 mmol/g for direct air capture (DAC).Importantly,the electrothermal property of the plasma-modified aerogels has been significantly improved,resulting in faster heating rates and significantly reducing energy consumption compared to conventional external heating for regeneration of sorbents.Modified aerogels display improved selectivity of 42 and 87 after plasma modification for 5 and 10 min,respectively.The plasma-treated aerogels display minimal loss between 17%and 19% in capacity after 40 adsorption/desorption cycles,rendering excellent stability.The N2/H2plasma treatment of adsorbent materials would lower energy expenses and prevent negative effects on the global economy caused by climate change.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51972242)the National College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.202210488020)+2 种基金the Open Fund of the Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steel making(Wuhan University of Science and Technology)of China(No.KF-20-5)the Research Project of Yingcheng Xinjincheng Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd(No.2023420612000754)the Program(No.BG20210227001)of High-end Foreign Experts of the State of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs(SAFEA)。
摘要In this study,the holey graphene was prepared by microwave-assisted chemical etching.The three-dimensional(3D)holey graphene hydrogel was obtained through hydrothermal self-assembly method,followed by the introduction of FeCo2S4particles.The resulting holey graphene hydrogel,characterized by high specific surface area and abundant pores combined with FeCo2S4with high pseudocapacitance by interfacial interaction,shortened the mass transport path and enhanced the specific capacitance.The findings reveal that the holey graphene hydrogel/FeCo2S4(FeCo2S4/HGH)composite exhibits high specific capacitance and impressive rate capability(413.4 F·g-1at 1 A·g-1,300.4 F·g-1at 6 A·g-1).The symmetric supercapacitor operated within a stable potential window of 0.1-1.6 V,achieving specific capacitance of 127.5 F·g-1at 1 A·g-1,and can deliver 37.1 Wh·kg-1at a power density of 1499 W·kg-1.Besides,under the current density of 3 A·g-1,the supercapacitor retained 90.8%of its capacitance after 5000 cycles,demonstrating exceptional cycle stability.This study presents an efficient method for fabricating advanced integrated supercapacitors electrodes with enhanced energy density.
基金supported by the China Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Directly-Undergraduate Universities Basic Research Business Fund Project:‘Environmental Protection Equipment R&D’Shared Technology and Skills Innovation Platform Construction(Grant No.NJDYWF2301).
摘要Ultrasound is a powerful tool in materials processing,yet its application in constructing van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures remains under-explored.In this study,MoS2and graphene—two widely studied 2D materials—were successfully assembled into vdW heterostructures via a convenient ultrasound-driven self-assembly approach.The morphology of the heterostructures was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),while their structural and compositional features were confirmed through x-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy,and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Red-shifted Raman peaks and decreased binding energies in XPS spectra provided strong evidence of successful heterostructure formation.A three-stage assembly mechanism—comprising dispersion,assembly,and adjustment—is proposed,with acoustic cavitation playing a key role in driving the process.This study not only demonstrates the feasibility of synthesizing 2D heterostructures via an ultrasonic route but also lays a foundation for future scalable,energy-efficient fabrication strategies.
摘要The production of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)via artificial photosynthesis using single-atom semiconductor photocatalysts represents a promising green and sustainable technology.However,its efficiency is still limited by sluggish water oxidation kinetics,poor photogenerated charge separation,and insufficient O2adsorption and activation capabilities.Herein,uniformly dispersed single-atom catalysts(SACs)with a Co-N4coordination structure have been synthesized by thermally transforming cobalt phthalocyanine(CoPc)assemblies pre-anchored on phosphate functionalized reduced graphene oxide(Co@rGO-P),and then used to construct heterojunctions with perylenetetracarboxylic acid(PTA)nanosheets for photocatalytic H2O2production by an in-situ growth method.The optimized Co@rGO-P/PTA achieved an H2O2production rate of 1.4 mmol g-1h-1in pure water,with a 12.9-fold enhancement compared to pristine PTA nanosheets exhibiting competitive photoactivity among reported perylene-based materials.Femtosecond transient absorption spectra,in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectra and theoretical calculations reveal that the exceptional performance is attributed to the enhanced electron transfer from PTA to rGO via the phosphate bridge and then to the Co-N4,and to the promoted O2adsorption and activation at Co-N4active sites.This work provides a feasible and effective strategy for designing highly efficient single-atom semiconductor heterojunction photocatalysts for H2O2production.
基金supported by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence Project in Optical Microcombs for Breakthrough Science(No.CE230100006)the Australian Research Council Discovery Projects Programs(Nos.P190103186 and FT210100806)+4 种基金Linkage Program(Nos.LP210200345 and LP210100467)the Swinburne ECR-SUPRA program,the Industrial Transformation Training Centres scheme(No.IC180100005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12404375)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.Z180007)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(No.2021ZD0300703).
摘要Optical polarizers,which allow the transmission of specific polarization states,are essential components in modern optical systems.Here,we experimentally demonstrate integrated photonic polarizers incorporating reduced graphene oxide(rGO)films.2D graphene oxide(GO)films are integrated onto silicon waveguides and microring resonators(MRRs)with precise control over their thicknesses and sizes,followed by GO reduction via two different methods including uniform thermal reduction and localized photothermal reduction.We measure devices with various lengths,thicknesses,and reduction degrees of GO films.The results show that the devices with rGO exhibit better performance than those with GO,achieving a polarization-dependent loss of~47 dB and a polarization extinction ratio of~16 dB for the hybrid waveguides and MRRs with rGO,respectively.By fitting the experimental results with theory,it is found that rGO exhibits more significant anisotropy in loss,with an anisotropy ratio over 4 times that of GO.In addition,rGO shows higher thermal stability and greater robustness to photothermal reduction than GO.These results highlight the strong potential of rGO films for implementing high-performance polarization selective devices in integrated photonic platforms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21406164,21466035 and 51203111)the National Basic Research Program of China("973"Program,Nos.2012CB720100 and 2014CB239300)
摘要Response surface methodology(RSM)was employed to optimize the control parameters of TiO2/graphene with exposed{001}facets during synthesis,and its enhanced photocatalytic activities were evaluated in the photodegradation of toluene.Experimental results were in good agreement with the predicted results obtained using RSM with a correlation coefficient(R2)of 0.9345.When 22.06 mg of graphite oxide(GO)and 2.09 mL of hydrofluoric acid(HF)were added and a hydrothermal time of 28 h was used,a maximum efficiency in the degradation of toluene was achieved.X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were employed to characterize the obtained hybrid photocatalyst.The electron transferred between Ti and C retarded the combination of electron–hole pairs and hastened the transferring of electrons,which enhanced the photocatalytic activity.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52307239,52102300,52207234)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Nos.2022CFB1003,2021CFA025).
摘要Conversion-type anode materials are highly desirable for Na-ion batteries(NIBs)due to their high theoretical capacity.Nevertheless,the active materials undergo severe expansion and pulverization during the sodiation,resulting in inferior cycling stability.Herein,a self-supporting three-dimensional(3D)graphene sponge decorated with Fe2O3nanocubes(rGO@Fe2O3)is constructed.Specifically,the 3D graphene sponge with resilience and high porosity benefits to accommodate the volume expansion of the Fe2O3nanocubes and facilitates the rapid electrons/ions transport,enabling spatial confinement to achieve outstanding results.Besides,the free-standing rGO@Fe2O3can be directly used as an electrode without additional binders and conductive additives,which helps to obtain a higher energy density.Based on the total mass of the rGO@Fe2O3material,the rGO@Fe2O3anode presents a specific capacity of 859 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g.It also delivers an impressive cycling performance(327 mAh/g after 2000 cycles at 1 A/g)and a superior rate capacity(162mAh/g at 20 A/g).The coin-type Na3V2(PO4)3@C/GO@Fe2O3NIB exhibits an energy density of 265.3Wh/kg.This unique 3D ionic/electronic conductive network may provide new strategies to design advanced conversion-type anode materials for high-performance NIBs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51702225,11774051,61574034,51672007)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2016YFA0200103)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20170336)。
摘要Titanium dioxide(TiO2) has gained burgeoning attention for potassium-ion storage because of its large theoretical capacity,wide availability,and environmental benignity.Nevertheless,the inherently poor conductivity gives rise to its sluggish reaction kinetics and inferior rate capability.Here,we report the direct graphene growth over TiO2 nanotubes by virtue of chemical vapor deposition.Such conformal graphene coatings effectively enhance the conductive environment and well accommodate the volume change of TiO2 upon potassiation/depotassiation.When paired with an activated carbon cathode,the graphene-armored TiO2 nanotubes allow the potassium-ion hybrid capacitor full cells to harvest an energy/power density of 81.2 Wh kg-1/3746.6 W kg-1.We further employ in situ transmis sion electron microscopy and ope rando X-ray diffraction to probe the potassium-ion storage behavior.This work offers a viable and versatile solution to the anode design and in situ probing of potassium storage technologies that is readily promising for practical applications.