1.Introduction Halide perovskites hold great promise for future clean-energy conversion,light-emitting diodes and X-ray detection technologies due to their low cost,facile fabrication,and outstanding semiconductor pro...1.Introduction Halide perovskites hold great promise for future clean-energy conversion,light-emitting diodes and X-ray detection technologies due to their low cost,facile fabrication,and outstanding semiconductor properties[1-5].The weak ionic bonding characteristics of perovskite cause its lattice ease to expand.Residual strain is always introduced during the annealing process of perovskite film preparation,which greatly affects the performance and stability of corresponding optoelectronic devices[6-10].It has been reported that the tensile strain in perovskite films can reach extremely high values(exceeding 50 MPa)展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)multiferroic materials,characterized by the coexistence of multiple ferroic orders at atomic thicknesses governed by interlayer van der Waals(vdW)interactions,have garnered significant attention due...Two-dimensional(2D)multiferroic materials,characterized by the coexistence of multiple ferroic orders at atomic thicknesses governed by interlayer van der Waals(vdW)interactions,have garnered significant attention due to their exotic physical properties and potential for next-generation information storage,logic,and magnetoelectric spintronic applications,particularly in high-density memory and ultralow-power information processing.This review revisits the fundamental concepts of multiferroicity from symmetry and thermodynamic perspectives,classifies the dominant mechanisms responsible for generating multiferroics and their 2D extensions,and discusses specific material systems ranging from intrinsic to engineered multiferroics.The primary objective of this review is to provide a clear roadmap of the current landscape and offer perspectives on key challenges and opportunities in this rapidly developing field.展开更多
Two-dimensional layered metal-halide perovskites possess exceptional electronic and optical properties along with remarkable stability,making them a highly promising class of organic–inorganic hybrid semiconductor ma...Two-dimensional layered metal-halide perovskites possess exceptional electronic and optical properties along with remarkable stability,making them a highly promising class of organic–inorganic hybrid semiconductor materials.Owing to their multi-quantum-well structure and high refractive index,effective light management is crucial for optimizing the performance of two-dimensional perovskites.This study utilizes the trapping effect of periodic nanostructures to effectively modulate the light-absorption capacity of two-dimensional perovskites.The theoretical efficiency of two-dimensional perovskite solar cells is systematically analyzed using the finite-difference time-domain method,with a particular focus on the influences of the lattice arrangement,structural morphology,and geometric parameters.Furthermore,the underlying mechanism of light management by periodic nanostructures in two-dimensional perovskites is elucidated,and the structure–property relationship between nanostructures and light-absorption performance is estabished.These findings offer crucial theoretical insights that can guide the enhancement of the performance of perovskite photovoltaic devices.展开更多
The two-dimensional grating serves as a critical component in plane grating interferometers for achieving high-precision multidimensional displacement measurements.The calibration of grating groove density and orthogo...The two-dimensional grating serves as a critical component in plane grating interferometers for achieving high-precision multidimensional displacement measurements.The calibration of grating groove density and orthogonality error of grating grooves not only improves the positioning accuracy of grating interferometers but also provides essential feedback for optimizing two-dimensional grating fabrication.This study proposes a method for simultaneous calibration of these parameters using orthogonal heterodyne laser interferometry.A two-dimensional grating interferometer is built with the grating to be measured,and a biaxial laser interferometer provides a displacement reference for it.The phase mapping relationship between grating interference and laser interference is established.The interference phase information obtained by any two displacements can simultaneously solve the above three parameters and obtain the grating installation error.The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by using a 1200 gr/mm two-dimensional grating.The standard deviation of the grating groove density in the X and Y directions is 0.012 gr/mm and 0.014 gr/mm,respectively.The standard deviation of the orthogonality error of grating grooves is 0.004°,and the standard deviation of the installation error is 0.002°.Compared with the atomic force microscope method,the consistency of the grating groove density in the X and Y directions is better than 0.03 gr/mm and 0.06 gr/mm,and the orthogonality error of grating grooves is better than 0.008°.The experimental results show that the proposed method can be simply and efficiently applied to the calibration of the grating line parameters of the two-dimensional grating.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)materials have rapidly emerged as transformative platforms for energy storage and conversion,owing to their atomic-scale thickness,tunable electronic structures,and versatile chemical functionalitie...Two-dimensional(2D)materials have rapidly emerged as transformative platforms for energy storage and conversion,owing to their atomic-scale thickness,tunable electronic structures,and versatile chemical functionalities.Over the past five years,remarkable advances in material synthesis,interface engineering,and device integration have unlocked new opportunities,yet challenges in stability,scalability,and performance optimization remain.In this roadmap,we provide an updated perspective toward 2030,systematically reviewing eleven representative 2D material classes,which can be broadly grouped into carbon-based materials,inorganic semiconductors,framework materials,and layered nanosheet systems.Their opportunities and challenges in electrochemical energy storage,photocatalysis,and electrocatalysis are highlighted.We believe this roadmap can enrich the development of 2D materials for sustainable energy technologies,and provide useful guidance for both fundamental studies and practical applications in the coming decade.展开更多
In the application of nonlinear optical components,ideal nonlinear optical media typically need to possess high nonlinear absorption coefficients and large modulation depths,among other characteristics.The extreme thi...In the application of nonlinear optical components,ideal nonlinear optical media typically need to possess high nonlinear absorption coefficients and large modulation depths,among other characteristics.The extreme thin-ness of two-dimensional(2D)materials,typically at the atomic scale,offers significant advantages in minia-turized optoelectronic devices.However,this also reduces the effective light-matter interaction length,ultimately limiting the achievable interaction intensity.To enhance their nonlinear optical response and unlock their full potential in nanophotonics,current research primarily focuses on two directions:one is to develop novel 2D quantum-confined material systems with enhanced intrinsic nonlinear optical responses;the other is to design effective performance modulation strategies based on nonlinear optical theory to enable precise regula-tion of nonlinear optical properties.Here,recent progress in tailoring third-order nonlinear optical responses of 2D materials is systematically reviewed.Various strategies for modulating and enhancing third-order nonlinear optical responses in 2D materials are comprehensively discussed,which can be systematically classified into intrinsic regulation and light-matter interaction modulation.Moreover,the remaining challenges in modulating third-order nonlinear optical responses of 2D materials and perspectives on future research directions are discussed.展开更多
Novel two-dimensional materials with fascinating electronic structures hold promise for applications in electronics,optoelectronics,and sensor devices.In this work,the mechanical,anisotropic,and electronic properties ...Novel two-dimensional materials with fascinating electronic structures hold promise for applications in electronics,optoelectronics,and sensor devices.In this work,the mechanical,anisotropic,and electronic properties of PbSnS2monolayer,which adopts a black-phosphorus-like structure,were systematically investigated using density functional theory calculations.The PbSnS2monolayer is identified as an indirect band gap semiconductor.The band gap is predicated to be1.22 eV and 1.69 eV by PBE functional and HSE06 methods,respectively.Notably,it exhibits a high anisotropic carrier mobility asµe=4.46×103cm2·V-1·s-1with electrons preferentially transporting along the zigzag direction.The band gap can be effectively narrowed under the strains in the armchair direction whereas enlarged in the zigzag direction.In addition,PbSnS2monolayer exhibits strong optical absorption in visible-light and ultra-visible regions.Our findings suggest that the ultra-high anisotropy in both carrier mobility and optical absorption makes PbSnS2monolayer a promising candidate for applications in unipolar field-effect transistors and photosensitive devices.This study provides valuable insights for future exploration of low-dimensional materials with tailored functionalities.展开更多
Neuromorphic computing,a highly promising computational architecture,has provided an efficient solution to overcome the limitations of storage–compute separation and scaling constraints.The key to implementing this a...Neuromorphic computing,a highly promising computational architecture,has provided an efficient solution to overcome the limitations of storage–compute separation and scaling constraints.The key to implementing this architecture lies in the development of artificial neurons and synapses as core neuromorphic components capable of biomimicry.Diverse libraries of two-dimensional(2D)materials with atomic-scale thickness and rich tunable physicochemical properties have risen to prominence in recent years.These unique properties meet the critical requirements of neuromorphic devices for ultralow power consumption,dynamic plasticity,and multifunctional integration,thereby facilitating breakthroughs in next-generation high-performance and versatile neuromorphic hardware systems.In this paper,recent advances in dedicated artificial neuron and synapse devices based on 2D materials are reviewed,with a focus on biomimetic models,physical mechanisms,and performance metrics.The discussion further extends to sophisticated switching strategies in reconfigurable components.Then,the systemic integration of neuromorphic devices is summarized,with particular focus on their functional roles in neural perception,neural networks,and logical operation tasks.Finally,a systematic analysis of the limitations at the device and system levels for artificial neurons and synapses is presented,charting a roadmap toward more efficient and multifunctional brain-like chips.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)multilayer kagome materials hold significant research value for regulating kagome-related physical properties and exploring quantum effects.However,their development is hindered by the scarcity of a...Two-dimensional(2D)multilayer kagome materials hold significant research value for regulating kagome-related physical properties and exploring quantum effects.However,their development is hindered by the scarcity of available material systems,making the identification of novel 2D multilayer kagome candidates particularly important.In this work,three types of 2D materials with trilayer kagome lattices,namely Sc6S5X6(X=Cl,Br,I),are predicted based on first-principles calculations.These 2D materials feature two kagome lattices composed of Sc atoms and one kagome lattice composed of S atoms.Stability analysis indicates that these materials can exist as free-standing 2D materials.Electronic structure calculations reveal that Sc6S5X6are narrow-bandgap semiconductors(0.76–0.95 e V),with their band structures exhibiting flat bands contributed by Sc-based kagome lattices and Dirac band gaps resulting from symmetry breaking.The sulfur-based kagome lattice in the central layer contributes an independent flat band below the Fermi level.Additionally,Sc6S5X6exhibit high carrier mobility,with hole and electron mobilities reaching up to 103cm2·V-1·s-1,indicating potential applications in low-dimensional electronic devices.This work provides an excellent example for the development of novel multilayer 2D kagome materials.展开更多
Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks(2D COFs),characterized by tunable optoelectronic properties and well-defined porous architectures,have emerged as promising photocatalysts for solar-driven H2O2product...Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks(2D COFs),characterized by tunable optoelectronic properties and well-defined porous architectures,have emerged as promising photocatalysts for solar-driven H2O2production.Although network topology exerts a profound impact on the optoelectronic characteristics of 2D materials,achieving precise regulation of their topology remains a significant challenge.In this study,we report two topologically isomeric 2D COFs constructed from the same building blocks,namely ETBA-kgm-COF with a kgm topology and ETBA-sql-COF with a sql topology.Particularly,the isomeric COFs with same chemical compositions provide an ideal platform to isolate and elucidate intrinsic topological effects in 2D COFs.Comprehensive characterizations reveal that the sql topology facilitates efficient charge separation and transfer,thereby enhancing photocatalytic performance.Moreover,without any sacrificial agents,ETBA-sql-COF exhibits a superior photocatalytic H2O2production rate up to 2042μmol·g-1·h-1,which is 1.57 times that of ETBA-kgm-COF(1303μmol·g-1·h-1).This work provides an in-depth investigation into topology-property relationships in COFs and offers a rational strategy for the design and synthesis of highperformance photocatalysts.展开更多
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide(CO2RR)into formate and related products is a crucial strategy for sustainable carbon utilization,yet the development of catalysts with both high efficiency and durability...Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide(CO2RR)into formate and related products is a crucial strategy for sustainable carbon utilization,yet the development of catalysts with both high efficiency and durability remains a central challenge.Among available candidates,two-dimensional(2D)bismuth(Bi)nanosheets stand out because of their earth abundance,low toxicity,and unique ability to stabilize*OCHO intermediates.In this review,we systematically summarize recent advances in the controlled synthesis of 2D Bi nanosheets,covering bottom-up chemical and electrochemical routes,top-down exfoliation,and physicalhermal methods,and highlight the application strategies that enable performance optimization,including defect/strain engineering,heteroatom doping,interface construction,heterostructure coupling,in situ reconstruction,and microenvironment regulation.We further integrate mechanistic insights from in situ/operando characterizations and density functional theory,which clarify the real active sites,dynamic reconstruction,and structure–activity relationships.Finally,we provide a forward-looking perspective on atomic-level structural control,understanding and regulating reconstruction,multi-scale architecture integration,expanding product selectivity beyond formate,device-level optimization,and data-driven catalyst discovery.By bridging synthesis,application strategies,and mechanistic understanding,this timely review establishes a comprehensive framework to guide the rational design of 2D Bi nanosheets and accelerate their translation toward industrially relevant CO2electroreduction.展开更多
In this work,we perform large-eddy simulations of the high-Reynolds-number turbulent flows over large twodimensional transverse bars,aiming to establish the potential relationship between the mixing-layer-like shear f...In this work,we perform large-eddy simulations of the high-Reynolds-number turbulent flows over large twodimensional transverse bars,aiming to establish the potential relationship between the mixing-layer-like shear flows in the roughness layer and the drag on the turbulent flow above.We systematically change the cavity width while keeping the height of the bars constant,and change the height of the bars with fixed cavity width for a parametric study.The results show that the mixinglayer-like shear flows emerge from the rear edge of the bars due to flow separation and develop along the crest of the cavities.As the cavity width increases,the inflectional mean velocity profile is gradually smoothed,which is related to the increasing roughness function.Meanwhile,the roughness function remains almost unchanged when increasing the height of the bars with fixed cavity width,due to similar momentum transport in the mixing-layer-like shear flows.Analysis based on the Navier-Stokes equations shows that most of the roughness drag is contributed by the Reynolds shear stress in these shear layers.The enhanced Reynolds shear stress leads to increased drag as the cavity width increases,while changing the roughness height has little impact on the mixing layer,resulting in little change in the roughness function.We also found that cavities with a width-to-height ratio equal to 1 have strong vertical motions inside the cavities but smaller drag than expected.展开更多
Two-dimensional superconductivity has become a major frontier in condensed matter physics.It holds the key to understanding the mechanism of high-temperature superconductors and offers an exceptional arena for stabili...Two-dimensional superconductivity has become a major frontier in condensed matter physics.It holds the key to understanding the mechanism of high-temperature superconductors and offers an exceptional arena for stabilizing emergent quantum states enabled by enhanced electron correlations in reduced dimensionality.These states are frequently characterized by spatial modulations and intertwined with competing orders,calling for studies that combine real-space imaging with local spectroscopy.Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy meet this need by directly accessing the local density of states with lattice-scale resolution.In this review,we summarize recent advances in the study of several representative unconventional superconductors using this technique,focusing on the direct characterization of high-temperature superconducting planes,pair-density waves,and topological superconductivity in both artificial heterostructures and intrinsic materials.We conclude by outlining current challenges and future directions motivated by these microscopic insights.展开更多
Although iterative learning control(ILC)has been widely used in batch processes,designing an optimal iterative learning control scheme for batch systems with unknown dynamics and time-varying parameters remains an ope...Although iterative learning control(ILC)has been widely used in batch processes,designing an optimal iterative learning control scheme for batch systems with unknown dynamics and time-varying parameters remains an open problem.In this paper,we propose a novel two-dimensional model-free offpolicy optimal iterative learning control to achieve optimal control performance for linear time-varying batch systems.First,the one-dimensional state space is expanded to the two-dimensional state space by integrating time and batch information.Then,based on dynamic programming and a recursive algorithm,the framework of two-dimensional model-based optimal iterative learning control is established.Based on this framework,twodimensional model-free optimal iterative learning control is further developed using model-free Q-learning reinforcement learning.The optimal iterative learning control policy is obtained through online off-policy iteration using historical and online operation data.Meanwhile,a rigorous convergence proof of the model-free optimal iterative learning control law is presented.Finally,the simulation results in the injection molding batch process demonstrate the proposed control scheme's effectiveness,feasibility,and significant improvement in control performance.展开更多
In doped two-dimensional nanomaterials,magnetism is one of the important physical properties.By introducing foreign doping atoms or molecules,the electronic structure of the material can be effectively regulated,leadi...In doped two-dimensional nanomaterials,magnetism is one of the important physical properties.By introducing foreign doping atoms or molecules,the electronic structure of the material can be effectively regulated,leading to changes in magnetic behavior.Currently,magnetic property prediction has achieved considerable results with the help of traditional CNNs,but there are still obvious limitations:(1)The feature extraction of dopant sites is constrained by fixed receptive fields,making it difficult to characterize local structural perturbations in the vicinity of dopant atoms and their spatial influence propagating to surrounding regions;(2)CNNs lack the capability to model long-range dependencies between non-neighboring atoms and their chemical bonds,thereby weakening the representation of long-range interactions within the material.In this study,we propose Multi-Scale and Attention ConvNeXt(MSA-ConvNeXt)based on multi-scale convolution and attention mechanisms,which consists of the following two core modules:(1)The Multi-scale Convolution Attention Block(MCAB),which models local structural perturbations around dopant atoms and their spatial effects via parallelmulti-scale convolutions.It uses a serial channel and spatial attention mechanism to adaptively recalibrate multi-scale features,highlighting the response of doping related regions and enhancing the ability to express dopant-site information;(2)The Visual Geometry Group–Swin Transformer(VGG-Swin)architecture extracts structural features of dopant sites using VGG convolutions to prevent the attenuation of structural information during global relationship modeling.Subsequently,the Swin Transformer is introduced,which uses the self-attention mechanism to dynamically weight and globally associate features at different spatial locations,in order to depict the long-range correlations between non-neighboring atoms and their chemical bonds with the dopant-site.Experiments conducted on a doped two-dimensional nanomaterial dataset constructed from the CMR database demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms existing methods in terms of accuracy and F1-score.Specifically,MSA-ConvNeXt achieves an accuracy of 91.66%,representing an improvement of 1.65%over the next best model.In addition,all experimental results are averaged over multiple independent runs(with five different random seeds),demonstrating the stability and reliability of themodel’s performance.Ablation studies further validate the effectiveness of each module design.展开更多
As emerging two-dimensional(2D)materials,carbides and nitrides(MXenes)could be solid solutions or organized structures made up of multi-atomic layers.With remarkable and adjustable electrical,optical,mechanical,and el...As emerging two-dimensional(2D)materials,carbides and nitrides(MXenes)could be solid solutions or organized structures made up of multi-atomic layers.With remarkable and adjustable electrical,optical,mechanical,and electrochemical characteristics,MXenes have shown great potential in brain-inspired neuromorphic computing electronics,including neuromorphic gas sensors,pressure sensors and photodetectors.This paper provides a forward-looking review of the research progress regarding MXenes in the neuromorphic sensing domain and discussed the critical challenges that need to be resolved.Key bottlenecks such as insufficient long-term stability under environmental exposure,high costs,scalability limitations in large-scale production,and mechanical mismatch in wearable integration hinder their practical deployment.Furthermore,unresolved issues like interfacial compatibility in heterostructures and energy inefficiency in neu-romorphic signal conversion demand urgent attention.The review offers insights into future research directions enhance the fundamental understanding of MXene properties and promote further integration into neuromorphic computing applications through the convergence with various emerging technologies.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)semiconductors have emerged as promising candidates in next-generation nanoelectronics and sustainable energy technologies,particularly in photoelectrochemical water splitting,due to their exception...Two-dimensional(2D)semiconductors have emerged as promising candidates in next-generation nanoelectronics and sustainable energy technologies,particularly in photoelectrochemical water splitting,due to their exceptional quantum confinement effects and tunable optoelectronic properties.Accurate determination of electronic band gaps remains a critical prerequisite for rational material design in advanced optoelectronic applications.However,the commonly used density functional theory approach with conventional functionals suffers from intrinsic deficiencies in predicting semiconductor band gaps,while calculations with higher hierarchy of functionals like the HSE06 hybrid functional or based on higher level methodologies such as GW approximation incur prohibitive computational costs.To address this challenge,here we propose a reference-guided graph neural network(RG-GNN)framework that achieves HSE06-level accuracy through efficient machine learning.Our approach uniquely embeds an input reference value for the target property with minimal elementary descriptors encoding the structural information of the materials in the model,enabling high-accuracy band gap prediction at the HSE06 level.The model achieves a mean absolute error of 0.15 eV on unseen 2D semiconductor systems compared to HSE06 band gaps.Systematic ablation studies reveal that the reference-guided mechanism reduces prediction error by 83.3%and significantly decreases training dataset requirements for model convergence compared to conventional GNN architectures.Our results demonstrates that topological atomic descriptors from primitive cells,when combined with appropriate reference values,contain sufficient information for highly accurate band gap prediction in 2D materials.展开更多
Intelligent sensing systems are the core of the Internet of Things and human-computer interaction,and there is an urgent need for multi-functional integration,low power consumption,and miniaturization of devices.Two-d...Intelligent sensing systems are the core of the Internet of Things and human-computer interaction,and there is an urgent need for multi-functional integration,low power consumption,and miniaturization of devices.Two-dimensional materials provide an ideal platform for the integration of sensing,energy storage,and computing.This article reviews the latest progress in multifunctional integrated devices based on two-dimensional materials in sensing,micro energy storage and neuromorphic computing,analyzes the integrated applications driven by the intrinsic properties of materials,explores device co-design strategies,refines the“structure-material-algorithm”innovation paradigm,and looks forward to challenges and directions.展开更多
The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft,innovative,and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring.The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an over...The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft,innovative,and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring.The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an overwhelming tendency,providing powerful tools for remote health monitoring and personal health management.Among many candidates,two-dimensional(2D)materials stand out due to several exotic mechanical,electrical,optical,and chemical properties that can be efficiently integrated into atomic-thin films.While previous reviews on 2D materials for biodevices primarily focus on conventional configurations and materials like graphene,the rapid development of new 2D materials with exotic properties has opened up novel applications,particularly in smart interaction and integrated functionalities.This review aims to consolidate recent progress,highlight the unique advantages of 2D materials,and guide future research by discussing existing challenges and opportunities in applying 2D materials for smart wearable biodevices.We begin with an in-depth analysis of the advantages,sensing mechanisms,and potential applications of 2D materials in wearable biodevice fabrication.Following this,we systematically discuss state-of-the-art biodevices based on 2D materials for monitoring various physiological signals within the human body.Special attention is given to showcasing the integration of multi-functionality in 2D smart devices,mainly including self-power supply,integrated diagnosisreatment,and human–machine interaction.Finally,the review concludes with a concise summary of existing challenges and prospective solutions concerning the utilization of2D materials for advanced biodevices.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D) layered materials have attracted considerable research attention due to their exceptional electronic and optical properties.Among these emerging materials,a novel 2D fullerene(C60) networkcompos...Two-dimensional(2D) layered materials have attracted considerable research attention due to their exceptional electronic and optical properties.Among these emerging materials,a novel 2D fullerene(C60) networkcomposed of C60 structural units has gained prominence,exhibiting remarkable characteristics that arise from its unique conjugated carbon structure.Despite the increasing interest in 2D fullerene networks,there is a notable lack of comprehensive reviews since the groundbreaking synthesis of these materials in 2022.This review intends to fill this gap by offering a thorough analysis of the recent advancements in the study of the 2D fullerene network,encompassing the synthesis methods,theoretical investigations revealing the physical properties and potential applications,as well as versatile applications ranging from photo-electrochemical catalysis to organic solvent separation.By providing a thorough overview of the current state of research on 2D fullerene networks,this review aims to equip researchers with a valuable resource,enabling them to further investigate the vast potential of this innovative material.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC52403340,NSFC62004182)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2022JDRC0021)。
摘要1.Introduction Halide perovskites hold great promise for future clean-energy conversion,light-emitting diodes and X-ray detection technologies due to their low cost,facile fabrication,and outstanding semiconductor properties[1-5].The weak ionic bonding characteristics of perovskite cause its lattice ease to expand.Residual strain is always introduced during the annealing process of perovskite film preparation,which greatly affects the performance and stability of corresponding optoelectronic devices[6-10].It has been reported that the tensile strain in perovskite films can reach extremely high values(exceeding 50 MPa)
摘要Two-dimensional(2D)multiferroic materials,characterized by the coexistence of multiple ferroic orders at atomic thicknesses governed by interlayer van der Waals(vdW)interactions,have garnered significant attention due to their exotic physical properties and potential for next-generation information storage,logic,and magnetoelectric spintronic applications,particularly in high-density memory and ultralow-power information processing.This review revisits the fundamental concepts of multiferroicity from symmetry and thermodynamic perspectives,classifies the dominant mechanisms responsible for generating multiferroics and their 2D extensions,and discusses specific material systems ranging from intrinsic to engineered multiferroics.The primary objective of this review is to provide a clear roadmap of the current landscape and offer perspectives on key challenges and opportunities in this rapidly developing field.
基金supported by the Science,Technology&Innovation Project of Xiong'an New Area(2022XACX 0700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52232006,52472145,and 52372133)State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials(Grant No.2025-Z31).
摘要Two-dimensional layered metal-halide perovskites possess exceptional electronic and optical properties along with remarkable stability,making them a highly promising class of organic–inorganic hybrid semiconductor materials.Owing to their multi-quantum-well structure and high refractive index,effective light management is crucial for optimizing the performance of two-dimensional perovskites.This study utilizes the trapping effect of periodic nanostructures to effectively modulate the light-absorption capacity of two-dimensional perovskites.The theoretical efficiency of two-dimensional perovskite solar cells is systematically analyzed using the finite-difference time-domain method,with a particular focus on the influences of the lattice arrangement,structural morphology,and geometric parameters.Furthermore,the underlying mechanism of light management by periodic nanostructures in two-dimensional perovskites is elucidated,and the structure–property relationship between nanostructures and light-absorption performance is estabished.These findings offer crucial theoretical insights that can guide the enhancement of the performance of perovskite photovoltaic devices.
摘要The two-dimensional grating serves as a critical component in plane grating interferometers for achieving high-precision multidimensional displacement measurements.The calibration of grating groove density and orthogonality error of grating grooves not only improves the positioning accuracy of grating interferometers but also provides essential feedback for optimizing two-dimensional grating fabrication.This study proposes a method for simultaneous calibration of these parameters using orthogonal heterodyne laser interferometry.A two-dimensional grating interferometer is built with the grating to be measured,and a biaxial laser interferometer provides a displacement reference for it.The phase mapping relationship between grating interference and laser interference is established.The interference phase information obtained by any two displacements can simultaneously solve the above three parameters and obtain the grating installation error.The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by using a 1200 gr/mm two-dimensional grating.The standard deviation of the grating groove density in the X and Y directions is 0.012 gr/mm and 0.014 gr/mm,respectively.The standard deviation of the orthogonality error of grating grooves is 0.004°,and the standard deviation of the installation error is 0.002°.Compared with the atomic force microscope method,the consistency of the grating groove density in the X and Y directions is better than 0.03 gr/mm and 0.06 gr/mm,and the orthogonality error of grating grooves is better than 0.008°.The experimental results show that the proposed method can be simply and efficiently applied to the calibration of the grating line parameters of the two-dimensional grating.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52272287,22268003,22102095,52204320,U20A20246 and 12275199,U22A20418,22075196,21972110,52202208,52504346)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2023YFA1507903,2022YFB3803600,2022YFB4002501)+15 种基金Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project(Nos.202305AF150116,202405AF140007)SINOPEC(Beijing)Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.(No.223239)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.CCNU22JC017)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.2021M692535)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2022JQ-095)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2024A1515010976)Shenzhen Natural Science Foundation in Basic Research Fund(No.20250530111628004)the Basic Research Project Foundation of Xi’an Jiaotong University(No.xzy012024012)the Youth Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment(No.EIPE2131)the Russian Science Foundation(No.22-13-00035),the Russian Science Foundation(No.24-1920060)the Ministry of Science and Higher Education within the framework of a State Assignment of the Ioffe Institute,Russian Academy of Sciences(No.FFUG-2024-0036)St.Petersburg Science Foundation(No.24-19-20060)the Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(No.2022-050)Hunan Province Furong Plan Young Talents in Science and Technology Innovation(No.2025RC3013)National Science Centre,Poland(NCN),based on the decision number UMO-2021/43/D/ST5/00824the research project within the program,Excellence Initiative–Research University”for the AGH University of Krakow。
摘要Two-dimensional(2D)materials have rapidly emerged as transformative platforms for energy storage and conversion,owing to their atomic-scale thickness,tunable electronic structures,and versatile chemical functionalities.Over the past five years,remarkable advances in material synthesis,interface engineering,and device integration have unlocked new opportunities,yet challenges in stability,scalability,and performance optimization remain.In this roadmap,we provide an updated perspective toward 2030,systematically reviewing eleven representative 2D material classes,which can be broadly grouped into carbon-based materials,inorganic semiconductors,framework materials,and layered nanosheet systems.Their opportunities and challenges in electrochemical energy storage,photocatalysis,and electrocatalysis are highlighted.We believe this roadmap can enrich the development of 2D materials for sustainable energy technologies,and provide useful guidance for both fundamental studies and practical applications in the coming decade.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62275275,11904239)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1604200)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Nos.2021JJ40709,2022JJ20080)the High-Performance Computing Center of Central South University and Open Sharing Found for the Large-scale Instruments and Equipment of Central South University.
摘要In the application of nonlinear optical components,ideal nonlinear optical media typically need to possess high nonlinear absorption coefficients and large modulation depths,among other characteristics.The extreme thin-ness of two-dimensional(2D)materials,typically at the atomic scale,offers significant advantages in minia-turized optoelectronic devices.However,this also reduces the effective light-matter interaction length,ultimately limiting the achievable interaction intensity.To enhance their nonlinear optical response and unlock their full potential in nanophotonics,current research primarily focuses on two directions:one is to develop novel 2D quantum-confined material systems with enhanced intrinsic nonlinear optical responses;the other is to design effective performance modulation strategies based on nonlinear optical theory to enable precise regula-tion of nonlinear optical properties.Here,recent progress in tailoring third-order nonlinear optical responses of 2D materials is systematically reviewed.Various strategies for modulating and enhancing third-order nonlinear optical responses in 2D materials are comprehensively discussed,which can be systematically classified into intrinsic regulation and light-matter interaction modulation.Moreover,the remaining challenges in modulating third-order nonlinear optical responses of 2D materials and perspectives on future research directions are discussed.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China(Grant No.2023AFB456)the Fund for Innovation Team in Colleges for Science and Technology of Hubei Province,China(Grant No.T2021012)+3 种基金the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of HUAT(Grant Nos.BK202483,BK202302,and BK202208)the Fund for Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Power Battery(Grant No.QCCLSZK2021A06)the Open Foundation Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition(Grant No.202403)of Wuhan Institute of TechnologyCollege Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(Grant Nos.DC2023074 and DC2024087)of HUAT。
摘要Novel two-dimensional materials with fascinating electronic structures hold promise for applications in electronics,optoelectronics,and sensor devices.In this work,the mechanical,anisotropic,and electronic properties of PbSnS2monolayer,which adopts a black-phosphorus-like structure,were systematically investigated using density functional theory calculations.The PbSnS2monolayer is identified as an indirect band gap semiconductor.The band gap is predicated to be1.22 eV and 1.69 eV by PBE functional and HSE06 methods,respectively.Notably,it exhibits a high anisotropic carrier mobility asµe=4.46×103cm2·V-1·s-1with electrons preferentially transporting along the zigzag direction.The band gap can be effectively narrowed under the strains in the armchair direction whereas enlarged in the zigzag direction.In addition,PbSnS2monolayer exhibits strong optical absorption in visible-light and ultra-visible regions.Our findings suggest that the ultra-high anisotropy in both carrier mobility and optical absorption makes PbSnS2monolayer a promising candidate for applications in unipolar field-effect transistors and photosensitive devices.This study provides valuable insights for future exploration of low-dimensional materials with tailored functionalities.
基金supported by the Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration-National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2024ZD1003100)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2024YFC2813700)+3 种基金State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation(Contract No.RAO2025ZT004)Beijing Jiaotong University,STI 2030—Major Projects under Grant 2022ZD0209200the National Natural Science Foundation(no.62374099)the Foundation of Shanxi Key Laboratory of Graphene Sensing Materials and Devices(No.SMX2025005)。
摘要Neuromorphic computing,a highly promising computational architecture,has provided an efficient solution to overcome the limitations of storage–compute separation and scaling constraints.The key to implementing this architecture lies in the development of artificial neurons and synapses as core neuromorphic components capable of biomimicry.Diverse libraries of two-dimensional(2D)materials with atomic-scale thickness and rich tunable physicochemical properties have risen to prominence in recent years.These unique properties meet the critical requirements of neuromorphic devices for ultralow power consumption,dynamic plasticity,and multifunctional integration,thereby facilitating breakthroughs in next-generation high-performance and versatile neuromorphic hardware systems.In this paper,recent advances in dedicated artificial neuron and synapse devices based on 2D materials are reviewed,with a focus on biomimetic models,physical mechanisms,and performance metrics.The discussion further extends to sophisticated switching strategies in reconfigurable components.Then,the systemic integration of neuromorphic devices is summarized,with particular focus on their functional roles in neural perception,neural networks,and logical operation tasks.Finally,a systematic analysis of the limitations at the device and system levels for artificial neurons and synapses is presented,charting a roadmap toward more efficient and multifunctional brain-like chips.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:2024IVA052 and Grant No.104972025KFYjc0089)。
摘要Two-dimensional(2D)multilayer kagome materials hold significant research value for regulating kagome-related physical properties and exploring quantum effects.However,their development is hindered by the scarcity of available material systems,making the identification of novel 2D multilayer kagome candidates particularly important.In this work,three types of 2D materials with trilayer kagome lattices,namely Sc6S5X6(X=Cl,Br,I),are predicted based on first-principles calculations.These 2D materials feature two kagome lattices composed of Sc atoms and one kagome lattice composed of S atoms.Stability analysis indicates that these materials can exist as free-standing 2D materials.Electronic structure calculations reveal that Sc6S5X6are narrow-bandgap semiconductors(0.76–0.95 e V),with their band structures exhibiting flat bands contributed by Sc-based kagome lattices and Dirac band gaps resulting from symmetry breaking.The sulfur-based kagome lattice in the central layer contributes an independent flat band below the Fermi level.Additionally,Sc6S5X6exhibit high carrier mobility,with hole and electron mobilities reaching up to 103cm2·V-1·s-1,indicating potential applications in low-dimensional electronic devices.This work provides an excellent example for the development of novel multilayer 2D kagome materials.
基金supported by the project of Jiangsu Distinguished Professor(No.4203002405)Southeast University New Teacher Start-up Fund(Nos.4003002412 and4003002416)+1 种基金Chinese Young Scientists Fund(No.22501042)Jiangsu Young Scientists Fund(No.SBK20250401095)。
摘要Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks(2D COFs),characterized by tunable optoelectronic properties and well-defined porous architectures,have emerged as promising photocatalysts for solar-driven H2O2production.Although network topology exerts a profound impact on the optoelectronic characteristics of 2D materials,achieving precise regulation of their topology remains a significant challenge.In this study,we report two topologically isomeric 2D COFs constructed from the same building blocks,namely ETBA-kgm-COF with a kgm topology and ETBA-sql-COF with a sql topology.Particularly,the isomeric COFs with same chemical compositions provide an ideal platform to isolate and elucidate intrinsic topological effects in 2D COFs.Comprehensive characterizations reveal that the sql topology facilitates efficient charge separation and transfer,thereby enhancing photocatalytic performance.Moreover,without any sacrificial agents,ETBA-sql-COF exhibits a superior photocatalytic H2O2production rate up to 2042μmol·g-1·h-1,which is 1.57 times that of ETBA-kgm-COF(1303μmol·g-1·h-1).This work provides an in-depth investigation into topology-property relationships in COFs and offers a rational strategy for the design and synthesis of highperformance photocatalysts.
基金supported by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Nos.ZR2024QB122,ZR2024QE448)Research Program of Qilu Institute of Technology(No.QIT23TP011)+2 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFB1506300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22405069,82202240)the Taishan Scholar Young Talent Program(No.tsqn202211249)。
摘要Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide(CO2RR)into formate and related products is a crucial strategy for sustainable carbon utilization,yet the development of catalysts with both high efficiency and durability remains a central challenge.Among available candidates,two-dimensional(2D)bismuth(Bi)nanosheets stand out because of their earth abundance,low toxicity,and unique ability to stabilize*OCHO intermediates.In this review,we systematically summarize recent advances in the controlled synthesis of 2D Bi nanosheets,covering bottom-up chemical and electrochemical routes,top-down exfoliation,and physicalhermal methods,and highlight the application strategies that enable performance optimization,including defect/strain engineering,heteroatom doping,interface construction,heterostructure coupling,in situ reconstruction,and microenvironment regulation.We further integrate mechanistic insights from in situ/operando characterizations and density functional theory,which clarify the real active sites,dynamic reconstruction,and structure–activity relationships.Finally,we provide a forward-looking perspective on atomic-level structural control,understanding and regulating reconstruction,multi-scale architecture integration,expanding product selectivity beyond formate,device-level optimization,and data-driven catalyst discovery.By bridging synthesis,application strategies,and mechanistic understanding,this timely review establishes a comprehensive framework to guide the rational design of 2D Bi nanosheets and accelerate their translation toward industrially relevant CO2electroreduction.
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2021B0101190003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12225204 and 12102168)+2 种基金Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(Grant Nos.2023B1212060001 and 2020B1212030001)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.KQTD20180411143441009)the Center for Computational Science and Engineering of Southern University of Science and Technology.
摘要In this work,we perform large-eddy simulations of the high-Reynolds-number turbulent flows over large twodimensional transverse bars,aiming to establish the potential relationship between the mixing-layer-like shear flows in the roughness layer and the drag on the turbulent flow above.We systematically change the cavity width while keeping the height of the bars constant,and change the height of the bars with fixed cavity width for a parametric study.The results show that the mixinglayer-like shear flows emerge from the rear edge of the bars due to flow separation and develop along the crest of the cavities.As the cavity width increases,the inflectional mean velocity profile is gradually smoothed,which is related to the increasing roughness function.Meanwhile,the roughness function remains almost unchanged when increasing the height of the bars with fixed cavity width,due to similar momentum transport in the mixing-layer-like shear flows.Analysis based on the Navier-Stokes equations shows that most of the roughness drag is contributed by the Reynolds shear stress in these shear layers.The enhanced Reynolds shear stress leads to increased drag as the cavity width increases,while changing the roughness height has little impact on the mixing layer,resulting in little change in the roughness function.We also found that cavities with a width-to-height ratio equal to 1 have strong vertical motions inside the cavities but smaller drag than expected.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12474130,12141403,and 12134008)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1403100)。
摘要Two-dimensional superconductivity has become a major frontier in condensed matter physics.It holds the key to understanding the mechanism of high-temperature superconductors and offers an exceptional arena for stabilizing emergent quantum states enabled by enhanced electron correlations in reduced dimensionality.These states are frequently characterized by spatial modulations and intertwined with competing orders,calling for studies that combine real-space imaging with local spectroscopy.Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy meet this need by directly accessing the local density of states with lattice-scale resolution.In this review,we summarize recent advances in the study of several representative unconventional superconductors using this technique,focusing on the direct characterization of high-temperature superconducting planes,pair-density waves,and topological superconductivity in both artificial heterostructures and intrinsic materials.We conclude by outlining current challenges and future directions motivated by these microscopic insights.
摘要Although iterative learning control(ILC)has been widely used in batch processes,designing an optimal iterative learning control scheme for batch systems with unknown dynamics and time-varying parameters remains an open problem.In this paper,we propose a novel two-dimensional model-free offpolicy optimal iterative learning control to achieve optimal control performance for linear time-varying batch systems.First,the one-dimensional state space is expanded to the two-dimensional state space by integrating time and batch information.Then,based on dynamic programming and a recursive algorithm,the framework of two-dimensional model-based optimal iterative learning control is established.Based on this framework,twodimensional model-free optimal iterative learning control is further developed using model-free Q-learning reinforcement learning.The optimal iterative learning control policy is obtained through online off-policy iteration using historical and online operation data.Meanwhile,a rigorous convergence proof of the model-free optimal iterative learning control law is presented.Finally,the simulation results in the injection molding batch process demonstrate the proposed control scheme's effectiveness,feasibility,and significant improvement in control performance.
基金supported by the Heilongjiang Provincial Discipline Innovation Project(No.LJGXCG2024-F10).
摘要In doped two-dimensional nanomaterials,magnetism is one of the important physical properties.By introducing foreign doping atoms or molecules,the electronic structure of the material can be effectively regulated,leading to changes in magnetic behavior.Currently,magnetic property prediction has achieved considerable results with the help of traditional CNNs,but there are still obvious limitations:(1)The feature extraction of dopant sites is constrained by fixed receptive fields,making it difficult to characterize local structural perturbations in the vicinity of dopant atoms and their spatial influence propagating to surrounding regions;(2)CNNs lack the capability to model long-range dependencies between non-neighboring atoms and their chemical bonds,thereby weakening the representation of long-range interactions within the material.In this study,we propose Multi-Scale and Attention ConvNeXt(MSA-ConvNeXt)based on multi-scale convolution and attention mechanisms,which consists of the following two core modules:(1)The Multi-scale Convolution Attention Block(MCAB),which models local structural perturbations around dopant atoms and their spatial effects via parallelmulti-scale convolutions.It uses a serial channel and spatial attention mechanism to adaptively recalibrate multi-scale features,highlighting the response of doping related regions and enhancing the ability to express dopant-site information;(2)The Visual Geometry Group–Swin Transformer(VGG-Swin)architecture extracts structural features of dopant sites using VGG convolutions to prevent the attenuation of structural information during global relationship modeling.Subsequently,the Swin Transformer is introduced,which uses the self-attention mechanism to dynamically weight and globally associate features at different spatial locations,in order to depict the long-range correlations between non-neighboring atoms and their chemical bonds with the dopant-site.Experiments conducted on a doped two-dimensional nanomaterial dataset constructed from the CMR database demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms existing methods in terms of accuracy and F1-score.Specifically,MSA-ConvNeXt achieves an accuracy of 91.66%,representing an improvement of 1.65%over the next best model.In addition,all experimental results are averaged over multiple independent runs(with five different random seeds),demonstrating the stability and reliability of themodel’s performance.Ablation studies further validate the effectiveness of each module design.
基金supported by the NSFC(12474071)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2024YQ051,ZR2025QB50)+6 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2025A1515011191)the Shanghai Sailing Program(23YF1402200,23YF1402400)funded by Basic Research Program of Jiangsu(BK20240424)Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials(KF2406)Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province(tsqn202408006,tsqn202507058)Young Talent of Lifting engineering for Science and Technology in Shandong,China(SDAST2024QTB002)the Qilu Young Scholar Program of Shandong University。
摘要As emerging two-dimensional(2D)materials,carbides and nitrides(MXenes)could be solid solutions or organized structures made up of multi-atomic layers.With remarkable and adjustable electrical,optical,mechanical,and electrochemical characteristics,MXenes have shown great potential in brain-inspired neuromorphic computing electronics,including neuromorphic gas sensors,pressure sensors and photodetectors.This paper provides a forward-looking review of the research progress regarding MXenes in the neuromorphic sensing domain and discussed the critical challenges that need to be resolved.Key bottlenecks such as insufficient long-term stability under environmental exposure,high costs,scalability limitations in large-scale production,and mechanical mismatch in wearable integration hinder their practical deployment.Furthermore,unresolved issues like interfacial compatibility in heterostructures and energy inefficiency in neu-romorphic signal conversion demand urgent attention.The review offers insights into future research directions enhance the fundamental understanding of MXene properties and promote further integration into neuromorphic computing applications through the convergence with various emerging technologies.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22173052)。
摘要Two-dimensional(2D)semiconductors have emerged as promising candidates in next-generation nanoelectronics and sustainable energy technologies,particularly in photoelectrochemical water splitting,due to their exceptional quantum confinement effects and tunable optoelectronic properties.Accurate determination of electronic band gaps remains a critical prerequisite for rational material design in advanced optoelectronic applications.However,the commonly used density functional theory approach with conventional functionals suffers from intrinsic deficiencies in predicting semiconductor band gaps,while calculations with higher hierarchy of functionals like the HSE06 hybrid functional or based on higher level methodologies such as GW approximation incur prohibitive computational costs.To address this challenge,here we propose a reference-guided graph neural network(RG-GNN)framework that achieves HSE06-level accuracy through efficient machine learning.Our approach uniquely embeds an input reference value for the target property with minimal elementary descriptors encoding the structural information of the materials in the model,enabling high-accuracy band gap prediction at the HSE06 level.The model achieves a mean absolute error of 0.15 eV on unseen 2D semiconductor systems compared to HSE06 band gaps.Systematic ablation studies reveal that the reference-guided mechanism reduces prediction error by 83.3%and significantly decreases training dataset requirements for model convergence compared to conventional GNN architectures.Our results demonstrates that topological atomic descriptors from primitive cells,when combined with appropriate reference values,contain sufficient information for highly accurate band gap prediction in 2D materials.
摘要Intelligent sensing systems are the core of the Internet of Things and human-computer interaction,and there is an urgent need for multi-functional integration,low power consumption,and miniaturization of devices.Two-dimensional materials provide an ideal platform for the integration of sensing,energy storage,and computing.This article reviews the latest progress in multifunctional integrated devices based on two-dimensional materials in sensing,micro energy storage and neuromorphic computing,analyzes the integrated applications driven by the intrinsic properties of materials,explores device co-design strategies,refines the“structure-material-algorithm”innovation paradigm,and looks forward to challenges and directions.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22272004,62272041)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(YWF-22-L-1256)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC3402600)the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars(No.1870011182126)。
摘要The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft,innovative,and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring.The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an overwhelming tendency,providing powerful tools for remote health monitoring and personal health management.Among many candidates,two-dimensional(2D)materials stand out due to several exotic mechanical,electrical,optical,and chemical properties that can be efficiently integrated into atomic-thin films.While previous reviews on 2D materials for biodevices primarily focus on conventional configurations and materials like graphene,the rapid development of new 2D materials with exotic properties has opened up novel applications,particularly in smart interaction and integrated functionalities.This review aims to consolidate recent progress,highlight the unique advantages of 2D materials,and guide future research by discussing existing challenges and opportunities in applying 2D materials for smart wearable biodevices.We begin with an in-depth analysis of the advantages,sensing mechanisms,and potential applications of 2D materials in wearable biodevice fabrication.Following this,we systematically discuss state-of-the-art biodevices based on 2D materials for monitoring various physiological signals within the human body.Special attention is given to showcasing the integration of multi-functionality in 2D smart devices,mainly including self-power supply,integrated diagnosisreatment,and human–machine interaction.Finally,the review concludes with a concise summary of existing challenges and prospective solutions concerning the utilization of2D materials for advanced biodevices.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(Nos.2022NSFSC1994 and 2023NSFSC1068)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.NSFC22405183)
摘要Two-dimensional(2D) layered materials have attracted considerable research attention due to their exceptional electronic and optical properties.Among these emerging materials,a novel 2D fullerene(C60) networkcomposed of C60 structural units has gained prominence,exhibiting remarkable characteristics that arise from its unique conjugated carbon structure.Despite the increasing interest in 2D fullerene networks,there is a notable lack of comprehensive reviews since the groundbreaking synthesis of these materials in 2022.This review intends to fill this gap by offering a thorough analysis of the recent advancements in the study of the 2D fullerene network,encompassing the synthesis methods,theoretical investigations revealing the physical properties and potential applications,as well as versatile applications ranging from photo-electrochemical catalysis to organic solvent separation.By providing a thorough overview of the current state of research on 2D fullerene networks,this review aims to equip researchers with a valuable resource,enabling them to further investigate the vast potential of this innovative material.