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Letter to the Editor:Bilirubin normalization:A crucial outcome to assess in biliary drainage 认领 引用
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作者 Alberto Martino Francesco Paolo Zito +3 位作者 Annalisa de Leone Savio Saviano Raffaele Bennato Giovanni Lombardi 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy》 2026年第6期50-53,共4页
A recent study by Naidu et al published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy prospectively evaluated the bilirubin normalization rate and its kinetics following endoscopic retrograde pancreatic cholangio... A recent study by Naidu et al published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy prospectively evaluated the bilirubin normalization rate and its kinetics following endoscopic retrograde pancreatic cholangiography in both benign and malignant extrahepatic biliary obstructions.This letter highlighted the crucial role of the bilirubin normalization in evaluating the efficacy of any biliary drainage technique,especially in the malignant setting.However,despite its significant impact on clinical and oncological outcomes,the bilirubin normalization rate is often underreported in favor of the clinical success defined by a reduction of total bilirubin of 50%-75%within 2-4 weeks.Nevertheless,this clinical success is not synonymous with bilirubin normalization.The systematic evaluation of this key outcome in a standardized fashion should be strongly encouraged in future trials,especially in those comparing standard-of-care techniques with emerging ones. 展开更多
关键词 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Endoscopic ultrasoundguided biliary drainage Biliary obstruction Distal biliary obstruction Distal malignant biliary obstruction Bilirubin normalization
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Endoscopic biliary drainage techniques for bilirubin normalization in distal malignant biliary obstruction:A comprehensive review 认领 引用
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作者 Alberto Martino Antonino Granata +9 位作者 Francesco Paolo Zito Massimiliano Lombardi Roberto Fiorentino Claudio Carrubba Luigi Orsini Raffaella Niola Ferdinando Riccardi Giuseppe Galloro Carlo Molino Giovanni Lombardi 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy》 2026年第6期20-28,共9页
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is currently recommended as the gold standard treatment modality for distal malignant biliary obstruction(DMBO),with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage being... Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is currently recommended as the gold standard treatment modality for distal malignant biliary obstruction(DMBO),with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage being historically regarded as the second-line strategy in case of ERCP failure.Following the recent advent of therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound,various endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage techniques have been advocated as the preferred second-line options,as they are associated with fewer adverse events and morbidity compared to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage.Moreover,they have also been proposed as promising first-line alternatives to ERCP.However,the capability of both the historical and emerging biliary drainage modalities to normalize total bilirubin in patients with DMBO is underreported and evidence is still lacking,especially regarding the emerging ones.Notably,bilirubin normalization is regarded as mandatory before starting chemotherapy,thus representing a crucial outcome of any biliary drainage method for DMBO.Our study summarizes and discusses the current evidence regarding the effectiveness of currently available endoscopic biliary drainage techniques for bilirubin normalization in DMBO. 展开更多
关键词 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Endoscopic ultrasoundguided biliary drainage Endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage Biliary drainage Distal malignant biliary obstruction Malignant biliary obstruction Bilirubin normalization
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Response of Climatological Normals to Climate Warming in Guangdong,South China 认领 引用
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作者 ZHANG Liu-hong LIU Wei +2 位作者 DUAN Hai-lai ZHENG Jing ZHANG Qiong-xiong 《Journal of Tropical Meteorology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期315-326,共12页
Climatological normals are 30-year averages of meteorological variables and their derived statistics,used as predictors of future climate conditions and climatic backgrounds for certain regions.Decadally updated norma... Climatological normals are 30-year averages of meteorological variables and their derived statistics,used as predictors of future climate conditions and climatic backgrounds for certain regions.Decadally updated normals have changed in response to climate warming.Therefore,it is essential to investigate the differences between the new(1991–2020)and old(1981–2010)climatological normals in Guangdong Province.In this study,basic climate warming facts were revealed through temperature analysis based on data from 86 national meteorological observatories.Subsequently,multiple climate indicators derived from daily temperature and precipitation were analyzed.Temperature-derived indicators show that in the new climatic stage,Guangdong Province experienced an increase of 3.9 d in the annual average of high-temperature days and a decrease of 1.1 d in low-temperature days,while cold-wave days decreased by 0.2 d,reflecting climate warming.Precipitation patterns shifted across various temporal scales:annually,seasonally,monthly,during the flood season,and the“Dragon Boat Water”period.Notably,the amount of rainstorms and the number of rainstorm days increased,whereas total rainfall and rainfall days decreased.Furthermore,the rainy season began an average of 5.0 d later in the new normal than in the old.Multi-scale analysis revealed that the temperature differences between the new and old climatological normals were primarily driven by a dominant linear warming trend,whereas precipitation differences were mainly dominated by interannual variability,which explains the insignificant change in annual total precipitation. 展开更多
关键词 climate warming climatological normals temperature precipitation Guangdong Province
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Frictional characteristics of rough granite fractures subjected to various normal loading/unloading rates and shear velocities 认领 引用
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作者 ZHANG Chuan-jiu DUAN Hong-fei +5 位作者 LI Xing-ling BAI Zhen-chao LI Peng WANG Wei LI Xuan-liang DANG Wen-gang 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第5期2243-2266,共24页
The shear behavior of rock joints under dynamic disturbances is still not well understood,especially when subjected to irregular stress waveforms,which are common in real-world scenarios.In this study,a series of cycl... The shear behavior of rock joints under dynamic disturbances is still not well understood,especially when subjected to irregular stress waveforms,which are common in real-world scenarios.In this study,a series of cyclic normal loading/unloading direct shear tests was conducted on rough granite fractures using a laboratory direct shear apparatus.The effects of different normal loading rates,unloading rates,and shear velocities on shear stress,apparent friction coefficient,normal displacement,and shear work were systematically analyzed.The experimental results indicated that as the normal loading and unloading rates increase and the shear velocity decreases,the peak shear stress and shear work decrease.Compared with quasi-static shear strength,dynamic normal stress disturbance may strengthen the dynamic shear strength or weaken it,and the strengthening/weakening degree is controlled by the normal loading/unloading rates and shear velocity.Furthermore,three distinct shear stress variation patterns(linear decay,nonlinear decay,and peak delay)are observed.These findings provide a theoretical basis for evaluating the stability of jointed rock masses under complex dynamic disturbances such as earthquakes,tidal effects,traffic loads,and blasting activities. 展开更多
关键词 rough granite fracture normal loading/unloading rates shear velocity frictional strengthening frictional weakening
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Research on Mechanical Properties of the Composite Bridge Deck System Composed of Orthotropic Steel Deck and RPC Layer under Normal Temperature Curing 认领 引用
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作者 Hui Zhang Yingying Xie +6 位作者 Yu Zhang Zhan Gao Aijun Li Sheng Shi Xingyue Li Zheming Zhou Haotian Wang 《Structural Durability & Health Monitoring》 EI 2026年第3期308-328,共21页
A composite bridge deck system consisting of an orthotropic steel deck and a normal-temperature-cured reactive powder concrete(RPC)layer is proposed to address the problems of pavement damage and fatigue cracks in ste... A composite bridge deck system consisting of an orthotropic steel deck and a normal-temperature-cured reactive powder concrete(RPC)layer is proposed to address the problems of pavement damage and fatigue cracks in steel bridge decks.In this study,a local finite element model of a bridge segment was established using ANSYS to calculate and compare the stress states of four deck systems:normal-temperature-cured RPC composite box girders,high-temperature-cured RPC composite box girders,pure steel box girders,and ordinary concrete composite box girders.Additionally,static load tests were conducted on a scaled local model to validate the finite element results.The results show that the compressive strength,flexural strength,and elastic modulus of the normal-temperature-cured RPC are significantly improved compared with those of ordinary concrete.The maximum tensile stress in the normal-temperature-cured RPC layer reached 6.45 MPa without cracking,which is much higher than the tensile capacity of ordinary concrete,thereby offering a solution to pavement failure.The stress in the steel deck was reduced by more than 80%for both normal-and high-temperature-cured RPC composite decks,which is significantly greater than the reduction achieved by the ordinary concrete composite deck.This substantial stress reduction greatly enhances the fatigue life of the bridge deck.Therefore,the RPC composite deck system can effectively improve the fatigue performance of orthotropic steel bridge decks. 展开更多
关键词 Orthotropic steel deck normal temperature maintenance reactive powder concrete
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A computational method for equivalent area distribution characterized by the normal contact behavior of two rough surfaces 认领 引用
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作者 Linqiang ZHOU Shijie SONG +1 位作者 Hao QU Ji QIAN 《ENGINEERING Structure and Civil Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第3期645-656,共12页
The contact state of surfaces significantly influences the dynamic properties of assemblies,where the contact area is the key parameter to describe the contact state of assemblies.To address the computational challeng... The contact state of surfaces significantly influences the dynamic properties of assemblies,where the contact area is the key parameter to describe the contact state of assemblies.To address the computational challenges associated with contact area distribution,an improved nominal contact area distribution model is proposed for accurately characterizing the contact state of surfaces.Based on the distribution pattern of contact area,a cumulative quantity function for nominal contact area in logarithmic form is established.And its superiority is proved by comparing with two traditional functions.Based on this,a fractal dimension conversion formula was derived to equate the contact of two rough surfaces to the contact of single rough surface,thereby the optimized expression for the nominal contact area distribution function is obtained.The proposed model is verified through actual contact analysis of the anchorage system(anchor plate and anchor base plate).The results show that the proposed cumulative quantity function for nominal contact area and equivalent fractal dimension function exhibit excellent fitting accuracy and feasibility.In the contact between two rough surfaces,the surface with the smaller fractal dimension dominates the contact behavior.The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed model in complex contact problems are verified through case studies.This research provides new theoretical tools for multiscale mechanical analysis of complex contact surfaces,which has important application value in these fields such as precision manufacturing and tribological optimization. 展开更多
关键词 fractal theory rough surface pressure grade equivalent fractal dimension normal contact area distribution function
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EXISTENCE OF NORMALIZED SOLUTIONS TO LAPLACIAN-LIKE EQUATIONS AT SUBCRITICAL GROWTH 认领 引用
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作者 Zhouxin LI Yuan XIANG 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第4期1841-1861,共21页
In this paper,we study a class of Laplacian-like equation.We first deduce the Pohozaev identity of the equation and consider the minimum of the functional on the Pohozaev manifold and then study the properties of the ... In this paper,we study a class of Laplacian-like equation.We first deduce the Pohozaev identity of the equation and consider the minimum of the functional on the Pohozaev manifold and then study the properties of the minimum energy of the functional.Based on the properties obtained,we prove the existence of normalized solution to the equation. 展开更多
关键词 normalized solutions Laplacian-like equations Pohozaev identity
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Risk factors for thoracic-osteoporotic thoracic vertebral compression fractures during the normalized prevention and control period of COVID-19 认领 引用
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作者 Yi-Fan Li Chen-Qiong Wu +5 位作者 Yang Long Qi-Feng Yu Wei Xu Jian-Jie Zhao Xiang-Yang Zhang Zhi-Kun Li 《World Journal of Orthopedics》 2026年第2期56-67,共12页
BACKGROUND Some scholars believe that there is a certain correlation between coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection and the occurrence of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF),but no relevant domesti... BACKGROUND Some scholars believe that there is a certain correlation between coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection and the occurrence of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF),but no relevant domestic research reports have been published yet.This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients admitted for OVCF and treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty during the normalized prevention and control period of COVID-19 in Shanghai(after June 1,2022),aiming to explore the individual differences of OVCF patients during this special period and analyze the risk factors for OVCF.AIM To explore risk factors for senile OVCF during COVID-19 normalization.METHODS Retrospective analysis of 230 OVCF patients(June 2022 to June 2023,percutaneous vertebroplasty,observation group)and 236 controls(June 2020 to June 2021,OVCF surgery).Observation group was split into nucleic acidpositive(n=85)and negative(n=145)subgroups.Fracture location/cause,visual analogue scale,activity scores were compared;risk factors identified.RESULTS Observation group had 42.2%thoracic fractures and 38.2%cough-induced fractures(both higher than controls,P0.05).Nucleic acid results,fracture cause/location correlated(P<0.05;cause-location r=0.827).Logistic regression showed fracture cause,nucleic acid result,body mass index,bone mineral density as high-risk factors.CONCLUSION During COVID-19 normalization,cough is the top OVCF cause;thoracic fractures rise.The four factors above are independent risks.For elderly COVID-positive patients with recurrent cough,lung disease treatment,antiosteoporosis therapy,and thoracic braces prevent thoracic OVCF. 展开更多
关键词 COVID-19 Normalized prevention and control Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture Risk factor Cough
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Low-Complexity Hardware Architecture for Batch Normalization of CNN Training Accelerator 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Go-Eun Woo Sang-Bo Park +2 位作者 Gi-Tae Park Muhammad Junaid Hyung-Won Kim 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2025年第8期3241-3257,共17页
On-device Artificial Intelligence(AI)accelerators capable of not only inference but also training neural network models are in increasing demand in the industrial AI field,where frequent retraining is crucial due to f... On-device Artificial Intelligence(AI)accelerators capable of not only inference but also training neural network models are in increasing demand in the industrial AI field,where frequent retraining is crucial due to frequent production changes.Batch normalization(BN)is fundamental to training convolutional neural networks(CNNs),but its implementation in compact accelerator chips remains challenging due to computational complexity,particularly in calculating statistical parameters and gradients across mini-batches.Existing accelerator architectures either compromise the training accuracy of CNNs through approximations or require substantial computational resources,limiting their practical deployment.We present a hardware-optimized BN accelerator that maintains training accuracy while significantly reducing computational overhead through three novel techniques:(1)resourcesharing for efficient resource utilization across forward and backward passes,(2)interleaved buffering for reduced dynamic random-access memory(DRAM)access latencies,and(3)zero-skipping for minimal gradient computation.Implemented on a VCU118 Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA)on 100 MHz and validated using You Only Look Once version 2-tiny(YOLOv2-tiny)on the PASCALVisualObjectClasses(VOC)dataset,our normalization accelerator achieves a 72%reduction in processing time and 83%lower power consumption compared to a 2.4 GHz Intel Central Processing Unit(CPU)software normalization implementation,while maintaining accuracy(0.51%mean Average Precision(mAP)drop at floating-point 32 bits(FP32),1.35%at brain floating-point 16 bits(bfloat16)).When integrated into a neural processing unit(NPU),the design demonstrates 63%and 97%performance improvements over AMD CPU and Reduced Instruction Set Computing-V(RISC-V)implementations,respectively.These results confirm that our proposed BN hardware design enables efficient,high-accuracy,and power-saving on-device training for modern CNNs.Our results demonstrate that efficient hardware implementation of standard batch normalization is achievable without sacrificing accuracy,enabling practical on-device CNN training with significantly reduced computational and power requirements. 展开更多
关键词 Convolutional neural network normalization batch normalization deep learning training hardware
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Local Characterizations of Results on the Normal Index of Subgroups in Finite Groups 认领 引用
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作者 Yubo LV Yangming LI Xiaoxia DONG 《Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications》 CSCD 2026年第1期33-39,共7页
Let G be a finite group and H a subgroup of G.The normal index of H in G is defined as the order of K/HG,where K is a normal supplement of H in G such that|K|is minimal and HG≤K■G.Let p be a prime which divide... Let G be a finite group and H a subgroup of G.The normal index of H in G is defined as the order of K/HG,where K is a normal supplement of H in G such that|K|is minimal and HG≤K■G.Let p be a prime which divides the order of a group G.In this paper,some characterizations of G being p-solvable or p-supersolvable were obtained by analyzing the normal index of certain subgroups of G.These results can be viewed as local version of recent results in the literature. 展开更多
关键词 p-solvable group p-supersolvable group normal index maximal subgroup 2-maximal subgroup
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Plane-strain deformation of multilayer structures under normal surface loading 认领 引用
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作者 Wenxiao Zhou Fuqian Yang 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期416-436,共21页
The deformation of multilayer structures under external loadings provides both opportunities and challenges for modern manufacture.The stress and displacement fields are influenced by the structure’s geometrical conf... The deformation of multilayer structures under external loadings provides both opportunities and challenges for modern manufacture.The stress and displacement fields are influenced by the structure’s geometrical configuration,material properties,and bonding conditions at the interfaces between adjoining layers.In this study,we investigate the mechanical response of a perfectly-bonded multilayer structure under normal loading using the Fourier transform.The normal loading is decomposed into symmetric and antisymmetric cases based on the linear superposition principle.Closed-form solutions are obtained in the formation of Fourier integrals with the associated coefficients being determined by the boundary conditions.The effects of Poisson’s ratio,shear modulus,and thickness on the stress distribution and maximum displacement are studied.For a two-layer structure,plastic deformation is most likely to initiate in the soft layer near the interface in the presence of a large shear moduli ratio between the two layers.Although the average normal displacement increases as the soft layer thickens,regardless of the shear modulus ratio,it may not increase monotonically with the total thickness,particularly when the shear modulus ratio is small.Under the thin film approximation,the response with uniform normal loading can be used to estimate the response of the indentation problem.The numerical model presented in this work provides a tool to analyze the deformation of multilayer structures under surface loadings. 展开更多
关键词 Fourier transform Multilayer structure Normal surface loading Deformation profile Stress distribution
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Effects of feature selection and normalization on network intrusion detection 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Mubarak Albarka Umar Zhanfang Chen +1 位作者 Khaled Shuaib Yan Liu 《Data Science and Management》 EI CSCD 2025年第1期23-39,共17页
The rapid rise of cyberattacks and the gradual failure of traditional defense systems and approaches led to using artificial intelligence(AI)techniques(such as machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL))to build more e... The rapid rise of cyberattacks and the gradual failure of traditional defense systems and approaches led to using artificial intelligence(AI)techniques(such as machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL))to build more efficient and reliable intrusion detection systems(IDSs).However,the advent of larger IDS datasets has negatively impacted the performance and computational complexity of AI-based IDSs.Many researchers used data preprocessing techniques such as feature selection and normalization to overcome such issues.While most of these researchers reported the success of these preprocessing techniques on a shallow level,very few studies have been performed on their effects on a wider scale.Furthermore,the performance of an IDS model is subject to not only the utilized preprocessing techniques but also the dataset and the ML/DL algorithm used,which most of the existing studies give little emphasis on.Thus,this study provides an in-depth analysis of feature selection and normalization effects on IDS models built using three IDS datasets:NSL-KDD,UNSW-NB15,and CSE–CIC–IDS2018,and various AI algorithms.A wrapper-based approach,which tends to give superior performance,and min-max normalization methods were used for feature selection and normalization,respectively.Numerous IDS models were implemented using the full and feature-selected copies of the datasets with and without normalization.The models were evaluated using popular evaluation metrics in IDS modeling,intra-and inter-model comparisons were performed between models and with state-of-the-art works.Random forest(RF)models performed better on NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15 datasets with accuracies of 99.86%and 96.01%,respectively,whereas artificial neural network(ANN)achieved the best accuracy of 95.43%on the CSE–CIC–IDS2018 dataset.The RF models also achieved an excellent performance compared to recent works.The results show that normalization and feature selection positively affect IDS modeling.Furthermore,while feature selection benefits simpler algorithms(such as RF),normalization is more useful for complex algorithms like ANNs and deep neural networks(DNNs),and algorithms such as Naive Bayes are unsuitable for IDS modeling.The study also found that the UNSW-NB15 and CSE–CIC–IDS2018 datasets are more complex and more suitable for building and evaluating modern-day IDS than the NSL-KDD dataset.Our findings suggest that prioritizing robust algorithms like RF,alongside complex models such as ANN and DNN,can significantly enhance IDS performance.These insights provide valuable guidance for managers to develop more effective security measures by focusing on high detection rates and low false alert rates. 展开更多
关键词 Cybersecurity Intrusion detection system Machine learning Deep learning Feature selection Normalization
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基于Z-Score模型的永辉超市财务风险分析 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 张志花 于悦 《老字号品牌营销》 2026年第1期165-167,共3页
本文基于零售行业特有的生鲜产品易损耗性、消费需求波动性及行业竞争激烈等特点,聚焦代表性企业永辉超市展开研究。近年来,受宏观经济下行与线上零售持续分流的影响,传统超市业态面临严峻挑战,企业财务风险日益凸显。本文运用Z-score模... 本文基于零售行业特有的生鲜产品易损耗性、消费需求波动性及行业竞争激烈等特点,聚焦代表性企业永辉超市展开研究。近年来,受宏观经济下行与线上零售持续分流的影响,传统超市业态面临严峻挑战,企业财务风险日益凸显。本文运用Z-score模型,对永辉超市2020—2024年的财务数据进行分析,评估其财务风险状况。通过计算Z值并判断其风险区间,识别出企业面临的主要财务风险点,进而从强化营运资本管理、优化资本结构和深化数字化转型等维度提出具有针对性的风险控制策略。本文的研究旨在为永辉超市的稳健经营提供决策参考,并为零售行业企业的财务风险管理提供实践借鉴。 展开更多
关键词 财务风险 Z-Score模型 永辉超市
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MULTIPLICITY OF NORMALIZED SOLUTIONS FOR NONLINEAR KIRCHHOFF-TYPE PROBLEMS 认领 引用
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作者 Liping XU Haibo CHEN 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第3期1248-1268,共21页
This paper addresses the existence of multiple nonradial and radial normalized solutions for the following Kirchhoff-type equations{-(a+b∫Rn|▽u|2dx)△u=f(x)-pu in RN,||u||2L^(2RN)=m,u∈H1(RN)... This paper addresses the existence of multiple nonradial and radial normalized solutions for the following Kirchhoff-type equations{-(a+b∫Rn|▽u|2dx)△u=f(x)-pu in RN,||u||2L^(2RN)=m,u∈H1(RN),where f∈C(R,R),a,b>0 are constants,μ∈R is not fixed and instead appears as a Lagrange multiplier and m>0 is a given constant.In a mass subcritical case,using a version of the minimax theorem([32,Theorem 2.1])for a class of constrained even functionals,we demonstrate the existence of one nonradial normalized solution when N≥4.Additionally,if N≥4 and N≠5,we obtain multiple nonradial normalized solutions.Moreover,the existence of infinitely many radial normalized solutions is explored for N≥2.Furthermore,all solutions discussed above are sign-changing.As a supplementary result,we also prove the nonexistence of nontrivial solutions.Lastly,we analyze the asymptotic behavior of all solutions obtained above as b→0. 展开更多
关键词 Kirchhoff-type equations multiple nonradial and radial normalized solutions sign-changing solutions asymptotic behavior
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EXISTENCE AND MULTIPLICITY OF NORMALIZED SOLUTIONS FOR THE PLANAR SCHRODINGER-POISSON SYSTEM WITH EXPONENTIAL CRITICAL GROWTH 认领 引用
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作者 Xueqin PENG 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第2期529-548,共20页
The paper deals with the following planar Schrödinger-Poisson system{-Δu+λu+φu=f(u), in ℝ2,-Δuφ=u2,in ℝ2,fR2u2dx=a2,u∈H1(ℝ2),where a∈(0,1),λ∈ℝis an undetermined parameter which... The paper deals with the following planar Schrödinger-Poisson system{-Δu+λu+φu=f(u), in ℝ2,-Δuφ=u2,in ℝ2,fR2u2dx=a2,u∈H1(ℝ2),where a∈(0,1),λ∈ℝis an undetermined parameter which appears as a Lagrange multiplier and f satisfies the exponential critical growth.Under suitable conditions on f,we manage to establish such critical points which emerge as a local minimizer or correspond to a mountain pass.Furthermore,by using genus theory,we obtain infinitely many solutions.The proofs are based upon the reduction method by working on a natural constraint,which is introduced by Bartsch and Soave[J Funct Anal,2017,272:4998–5037].Our results complement the results made by Cingolani and Jeanjean[SIAM J Math Anal,2019,51:3533–3568]where handle the Sobolev subcritical case. 展开更多
关键词 Schrödinger-Poisson system normalized solution exponential critical growth variational methods
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Switchable Normalization Based Faster RCNN for MRI Brain Tumor Segmentation 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Rachana Poongodan Dayanand Lal Narayan +2 位作者 Deepika Gadakatte Lokeshwarappa Hirald Dwaraka Praveena Dae-Ki Kang 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2025年第9期5751-5772,共22页
In recent decades,brain tumors have emerged as a serious neurological disorder that often leads to death.Hence,Brain Tumor Segmentation(BTS)is significant to enable the visualization,classification,and delineation of ... In recent decades,brain tumors have emerged as a serious neurological disorder that often leads to death.Hence,Brain Tumor Segmentation(BTS)is significant to enable the visualization,classification,and delineation of tumor regions in Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI).However,BTS remains a challenging task because of noise,non-uniform object texture,diverse image content and clustered objects.To address these challenges,a novel model is implemented in this research.The key objective of this research is to improve segmentation accuracy and generalization in BTS by incorporating Switchable Normalization into Faster R-CNN,which effectively captures the fine-grained tumor features to enhance segmentation precision.MRI images are initially acquired from three online datasets:Dataset 1—Brain Tumor Segmentation(BraTS)2018,Dataset 2—BraTS 2019,and Dataset 3—BraTS 2020.Subsequently,the Switchable Normalization-based Faster Regions with Convolutional Neural Networks(SNFRC)model is proposed for improved BTS in MRI images.In the proposed model,Switchable Normalization is integrated into the conventional architecture,enhancing generalization capability and reducing overfitting to unseen image data,which is essential due to the typically limited size of available datasets.The network depth is increased to obtain discriminative semantic features that improve segmentation performance.Specifically,Switchable Normalization captures the diverse feature representations from the brain images.The Faster R-CNN model develops end-to-end training and effective regional proposal generation,with an enhanced training stability using Switchable Normalization,to perform an effective segmentation in MRI images.From the experimental results,the proposed model attains segmentation accuracies of 99.41%,98.12%,and 96.71%on Datasets 1,2,and 3,respectively,outperforming conventional deep learning models used for BTS. 展开更多
关键词 Brain tumor segmentation computer-aided system deep learning models magnetic resonance imaging medical images switchable normalization
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Analytic approximation of periodic orbits with renormalization group 认领 引用
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作者 Haoyi Huang Tianyi Wang +1 位作者 Pengfei Guo Yueheng Lan 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2025年第8期11-24,共14页
Renormalization group analysis has been proposed to eliminate secular terms in perturbation solutions of differential equations and thus expand the domain of their validity.Here we extend the method to treat periodic ... Renormalization group analysis has been proposed to eliminate secular terms in perturbation solutions of differential equations and thus expand the domain of their validity.Here we extend the method to treat periodic orbits or limit cycles.Interesting normal forms could be derived through a generalization of the concept'resonance',which offers nontrivial analytic approximations.Compared with traditional techniques such as multi-scale methods,the current scheme proceeds in a very straightforward and simple way,delivering not only the period and the amplitude but also the transient path to limit cycles.The method is demonstrated with several examples including the Duffing oscillator,van der Pol equation and Lorenz equation.The obtained solutions match well with numerical results and with those derived by traditional analytic methods. 展开更多
关键词 nonlinear dynamics cycles renormalization group analytic solution normal forms
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Are men aware of normal penile length and sexual function?A narrative review of the literature 认领 引用
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作者 Yoonus Faizal Winston Wu +3 位作者 Vincent Chan Glenn Duns Kathryn M Schubach Darren J Katz 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期223-229,共7页
Men frequently present to their health practitioners with concerns that they are not“normal”in the domains of sexual anatomy and function.This narrative review aims to synthesize the existing evidence on the general... Men frequently present to their health practitioners with concerns that they are not“normal”in the domains of sexual anatomy and function.This narrative review aims to synthesize the existing evidence on the general male population’s perception of normative sexual anatomy(penile length)and function(erectile and ejaculatory function).A structured literature search was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,limited to English language studies that involved adult participants from non-medical backgrounds.Of the 1098 studies identified,only seven met the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria,indicating an insufficiency in research directly addressing men’s perceptions of normative sexual anatomy and function.The studies included in this review found that there was an inaccurate understanding of what empirically constitutes“normal”.Men considered above-average penis lengths to be common and perceived themselves as“small”despite being within the normal range.They tended to overestimate typical intercourse durations and were inaccurate in self-diagnosing ejaculatory dysfunction and erectile dysfunction.The inability to differentiate normal and abnormal sexual function reflects a poor understanding of what constitutes normal.These findings may inform future research and provide guidance for educating clinicians and the public to improve sexual health. 展开更多
关键词 adult awareness erectile dysfunction male normal penile length premature ejaculation
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Normal vector estimation method for rock mass point clouds with sharp feature preservation via local geometric adjustment 认领 引用
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作者 Mingming Ren Manchao He +4 位作者 Jie Hu Hongru Li Yuxiang Ding Xinhao Miao Hongyi Zhang 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第5期3722-3741,共20页
Accurate extraction of rock mass discontinuity parameters is crucial for stability assessment and engineering safety.High-resolution remote sensing facilitates automated extraction,but its effectiveness relies heavily... Accurate extraction of rock mass discontinuity parameters is crucial for stability assessment and engineering safety.High-resolution remote sensing facilitates automated extraction,but its effectiveness relies heavily on precise normal estimation to ensure geometric reliability.Conventional methods struggle to preserve sharp features such as edges and corners,thereby reducing accuracy.To address this,we propose a normal estimation method based on local geometric adjustment that enhances feature extraction while maintaining sharp geometries.The approach consists of four steps:(1)classifying points,(2)applying normal and axial projections,(3)fitting segmentation lines via least squares,and(4)refining normals by optimizing local neighborhoods.The proposed method was evaluated on computer-aided design(CAD)models,real objects,and rock mass point clouds,and benchmarked against eight representative algorithms,including principal component analysis(PCA),2-Jet PCA,Voronoi-based PCA,PCPNet,neural gradient function(NeuralGF),low rank representation(LRR),normal estimation via shifted neighborhood(NSN)and pair consistency voting(PCV).Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves superior accuracy and efficiency,significantly improving structural plane extraction and ensuring better preservation of sharp geometric features. 展开更多
关键词 Rock mass point cloud Normal vector estimation Sharp feature Rock engineering
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Well-posedness and exponential stability of a dynamic frictionless contact problem with normal compliance and infinite memory 认领 引用
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作者 Imane Ouakil Benyattou Benabderrahmane Yamna Boukhatem 《Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities)》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第1期99-119,共21页
A model for dynamic frictionless contact between a viscoelastic body and foundation is considered.The viscoelastic constitutive law is assumed to be nonlinear and the contact is modelled with the normal compliance con... A model for dynamic frictionless contact between a viscoelastic body and foundation is considered.The viscoelastic constitutive law is assumed to be nonlinear and the contact is modelled with the normal compliance condition.We obtain the well-posedness using nonlinear semigroup theory arguments.Moreover,the exponential stability result of the solution is shown by using the energy method to produce a suitable Lyapunov function. 展开更多
关键词 dynamic process viscoelastic body normal compliance nonlinear semigroup theory exponential stability
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