Lithology identificationwhile drilling technology can obtain rock information in real-time.However,traditional lithology identificationmodels often face limitations in feature extraction and adaptability to complex ge...Lithology identificationwhile drilling technology can obtain rock information in real-time.However,traditional lithology identificationmodels often face limitations in feature extraction and adaptability to complex geological conditions,limiting their accuracy in challenging environments.To address these challenges,a deep learning model for lithology identificationwhile drilling is proposed.The proposed model introduces a dual attention mechanism in the long short-term memory(LSTM)network,effectively enhancing the ability to capture spatial and channel dimension information.Subsequently,the crayfishoptimization algorithm(COA)is applied to optimize the model network structure,thereby enhancing its lithology identificationcapability.Laboratory test results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves 97.15%accuracy on the testing set,significantlyoutperforming the traditional support vector machine(SVM)method(81.77%).Field tests under actual drilling conditions demonstrate an average accuracy of 91.96%for the proposed model,representing a 14.31%improvement over the LSTM model alone.The proposed model demonstrates robust adaptability and generalization ability across diverse operational scenarios.This research offers reliable technical support for lithology identification while drilling.展开更多
Effective cooperation is pivotal in distributed learning for multi-agent systems,where the interplay between the quantity and quality of the machine learning models is crucial.This paper reveals the irrationality of i...Effective cooperation is pivotal in distributed learning for multi-agent systems,where the interplay between the quantity and quality of the machine learning models is crucial.This paper reveals the irrationality of indiscriminate inclusion of all models on agents for joint prediction,highlighting the imperative to prioritize quality over quantity in cooperative learning.Specifically,we present the first selective online learning framework for distributed Gaussian process(GP)regression,namely distributed error-informed GP(EIGP),that enables each agent to assess its neighboring collaborators,using the proposed selection function to choose the higher quality GP models with less prediction errors.Moreover,algorithmic enhancements are embedded within the EIGP,including a greedy algorithm(gEIGP)for accelerating prediction and an adaptive algorithm(aEIGP)for improving prediction accuracy.In addition,approaches for fast prediction and model update are introduced in conjunction with the error-informed quantification term iteration and a data deletion strategy to achieve real-time learning operations.Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed methodology,showcasing its superiority over the stateof-the-art distributed GP methods with different benchmarks.展开更多
The virtual preassembly of super-high steel bridge towers faces a challenge in the efficient and precise extraction of complex cross-sectional features.Factors such as fabrication errors,gravity-induced deformations,a...The virtual preassembly of super-high steel bridge towers faces a challenge in the efficient and precise extraction of complex cross-sectional features.Factors such as fabrication errors,gravity-induced deformations,and temperature fluctuations can compromise the accuracy of contour extraction.To address these limitations,an improved Alpha-shape-based point cloud contour extraction method is proposed.The proposed approach uses a hierarchical strategy to process three-dimensional laser scanning point clouds.The processed data are then subjected to curvatureadaptive voxel filtering to reduce acquisition noise.In addition,an enhanced iterative closest point(ICP)variant with correspondence validation accurately aligns the discrete point cloud segments.The proposed curvature-responsive Alpha-shape framework enables multiscale contour delineation through topology-adaptive threshold modulation,which resolves boundary ambiguities in geometrically complex cross-sections.The method was experimentally validated using field-acquired measurement datasets from the Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge tower segments,confirming its capability to reconstruct noncanonical cross-sectional geometries.Three contour extraction methods,including Poisson reconstruction,the conventional Alpha-shape algorithm,and random sample consensus with ICP(RANSAC-ICP),were compared to evaluate the performance of the proposed Alpha-shape algorithm.The results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior contour extraction accuracy and data reduction efficiency,highlighting its effectiveness in contour extraction tasks.展开更多
Quantum computing,leveraging the properties of quantum physics such as quantum superposition and entanglement,possesses the potential for exponential acceleration compared to classical computing.It can significantly e...Quantum computing,leveraging the properties of quantum physics such as quantum superposition and entanglement,possesses the potential for exponential acceleration compared to classical computing.It can significantly enhance solution efficiency in topology optimization and effectively avoid the entrapment in local optima.This paper proposes a hybrid classical-quantum computing framework to solve the stress-constrained topology optimization problem for truss structures.Initially,structural analyses are performed on a classical computer to determine the stresses of truss members.Then,the optimization problem is formulated through incremental updates of member cross-sectional areas to make it compatible with a quantum annealer.The update strategy consists of a directional-control function and a magnitude-control function.By embedding stress constraints directly into the directional-control function,the original optimization problem is reformulated as a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization model suitable for quantum annealing.To realize a balance between solution accuracy and iteration efficiency,a dynamic strategy for adjusting the magnitude of area increments is proposed.Thus,the quantum annealer can effectively achieve the optimal solutions.When only the access time of the quantum processing unit is considered,the results from 2D and 3D examples of truss topology optimization validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework,and demonstrate the great potential of quantum computing in structural optimization.展开更多
A novel intelligent optimization algorithm inspired by nature,called sea otter optimization algorithm(SOOA),is proposed.The SOOA simulates the natural behaviors of sea otters,such as using tactile senses to search for...A novel intelligent optimization algorithm inspired by nature,called sea otter optimization algorithm(SOOA),is proposed.The SOOA simulates the natural behaviors of sea otters,such as using tactile senses to search for food in seawater,grooming their fur,feeding with the aid of stones,and escaping from danger.In the exploration stage,a wetness factor is introduced to control the behavior of sea otters in foraging and grooming;a danger factor is introduced to control the behavior of sea otters in feeding and avoiding dangers in the exploitation stage,and the behaviors of sea otters in responding to different dangers are mathematically modeled.The proposed algorithm is compared with 9 well-known intelligent optimization algorithms,and evaluated in 13 benchmark functions as well as wireless sensor network coverage optimization problems to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.The experimental results show that the node coverage after SOOA optimization reaches 91.2%in 2D environment and 90.47%in 3D environment.Compared with other algorithms,SOOA is superior and possesses the ability to solve complex optimization problems.展开更多
An aircraft carrier's formidable combat capability relies on sorties,with efficient deck operations as the core to enhance sortie and recovery capabilities.First,this study develops an integrated mathematical mode...An aircraft carrier's formidable combat capability relies on sorties,with efficient deck operations as the core to enhance sortie and recovery capabilities.First,this study develops an integrated mathematical model for carrier-based aircraft deployment,sortie,and maintenance scheduling to assist decision-makers in formulating sorties and coordinating resource allocation(e.g.,personnel,equipment),aiming to optimize the comprehensive effectiveness index of integrated carrier-based aircraft scheduling.Second,a hybrid multi-layer coded genetic algorithm(HMCGA)integrated with heuristic rules is proposed;it uses four-layer coding to resolve inter-sub-process coupling and supports integrated carrier-based aircraft scheduling,covering hangar transfer,deck transfer,aircraft maintenance support,and sortie execution.Then,case simulation shows the proposed model and algorithm effectively improve operational effectiveness and ensure accuracy.Finally,comparisons of 50 independent simulation results(PSO,DE,WOA,CPLEX)effectively validate HMCGA's superiority and universality in solving integrated carrier-based aircraft scheduling problems across fleet scales,further confirming the model and algorithm's reliability.展开更多
To solve the false detection and missed detection problems caused by various types and sizes of defects in the detection of steel surface defects,similar defects and background features,and similarities between differ...To solve the false detection and missed detection problems caused by various types and sizes of defects in the detection of steel surface defects,similar defects and background features,and similarities between different defects,this paper proposes a lightweight detection model named multiscale edge and squeeze-and-excitation attention detection network(MSESE),which is built upon the You Only Look Once version 11 nano(YOLOv11n).To address the difficulty of locating defect edges,we first propose an edge enhancement module(EEM),apply it to the process of multiscale feature extraction,and then propose a multiscale edge enhancement module(MSEEM).By obtaining defect features from different scales and enhancing their edge contours,the module uses the dual-domain selection mechanism to effectively focus on the important areas in the image to ensure that the feature images have richer information and clearer contour features.By fusing the squeeze-and-excitation attention mechanism with the EEM,we obtain a lighter module that can enhance the representation of edge features,which is named the edge enhancement module with squeeze-and-excitation attention(EEMSE).This module was subsequently integrated into the detection head.The enhanced detection head achieves improved edge feature enhancement with reduced computational overhead,while effectively adjusting channel-wise importance and further refining feature representation.Experiments on the NEU-DET dataset show that,compared with the original YOLOv11n,the improved model achieves improvements of 4.1%and 2.2%in terms of mAP@0.5 and mAP@0.5:0.95,respectively,and the GFLOPs value decreases from the original value of 6.4 to 6.2.Furthermore,when compared to current mainstream models,Mamba-YOLOT and RTDETR-R34,our method achieves superior performance with 6.5%and 8.9%higher mAP@0.5,respectively,while maintaining a more compact parameter footprint.These results collectively validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed approach.展开更多
The cemented tailings backfill(CTB)with initial defects is more prone to destabilization damage under the influence of various unfavorable factors during the mining process.In order to investigate its influence on the...The cemented tailings backfill(CTB)with initial defects is more prone to destabilization damage under the influence of various unfavorable factors during the mining process.In order to investigate its influence on the stability of underground mining engineering,this paper simulates the generation of different degrees of initial defects inside the CTB by adding different contents of air-entraining agent(AEA),investigates the acoustic emission RA/AF eigenvalues of CTB with different contents of AEA under uniaxial compression,and adopts various denoising algorithms(e.g.,moving average smoothing,median filtering,and outlier detection)to improve the accuracy of the data.The variance and autocorrelation coefficients of RA/AF parameters were analyzed in conjunction with the critical slowing down(CSD)theory.The results show that the acoustic emission RA/AF values can be used to characterize the progressive damage evolution of CTB.The denoising algorithm processed the AE signals to reduce the effects of extraneous noise and anomalous spikes.Changes in the variance curves provide clear precursor information,while abrupt changes in the autocorrelation coefficient can be used as an auxiliary localization warning signal.The phenomenon of dramatic increase in the variance and autocorrelation coefficient curves during the compression-tightening stage,which is influenced by the initial defects,can lead to false warnings.As the initial defects of the CTB increase,its instability precursor time and instability time are prolonged,the peak stress decreases,and the time difference between the CTB and the instability damage is smaller.The results provide a new method for real-time monitoring and early warning of CTB instability damage.展开更多
To address low learning efficiency and inadequate path safety in spraying robot navigation within complex obstacle-rich environments—with dense,dynamic,unpredictable obstacles challenging conventional methods—this p...To address low learning efficiency and inadequate path safety in spraying robot navigation within complex obstacle-rich environments—with dense,dynamic,unpredictable obstacles challenging conventional methods—this paper proposes a hybrid algorithm integrating Q-learning and improved A*-Artificial Potential Field(A-APF).Centered on theQ-learning framework,the algorithmleverages safety-oriented guidance generated byA-APF and employs a dynamic coordination mechanism that adaptively balances exploration and exploitation.The proposed system comprises four core modules:(1)an environment modeling module that constructs grid-based obstacle maps;(2)an A-APF module that combines heuristic search from A*algorithm with repulsive force strategies from APF to generate guidance;(3)a Q-learning module that learns optimal state-action values(Q-values)through spraying robot-environment interaction and a reward function emphasizing path optimality and safety;and(4)a dynamic optimization module that ensures adaptive cooperation between Q-learning and A-APF through exploration rate control and environment-aware constraints.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances path safety in complex underground mining environments.Quantitative results indicate that,compared to the traditional Q-learning algorithm,the proposed method shortens training time by 42.95% and achieves a reduction in training failures from 78 to just 3.Compared to the static fusion algorithm,it further reduces both training time(by 10.78%)and training failures(by 50%),thereby improving overall training efficiency.展开更多
Accurate modeling of ship magnetic fields is important for predicting their spatial distribution to improve the magnetic stealth effect of ships.This study proposes an extrapolation model for ship magnetic fields base...Accurate modeling of ship magnetic fields is important for predicting their spatial distribution to improve the magnetic stealth effect of ships.This study proposes an extrapolation model for ship magnetic fields based on genetic algorithms and convolutional neural networks(CNNs).The magnetic probe position matrix of the traditional equivalent source is utilized as input,and the three-directional components of the magnetic field measured by the probes are employed as output.The extrapolation model for ship magnetic fields is obtained through iterative training and fitting with CNNs.Variables such as the number of magnetic dipoles,the distance between magnetic dipoles,the size and quantity of convolutional kernels,batch size,learning rate,and L2 regularization coefficient are optimized to boost the accuracy of the extrapolation model for magnetic fields.The fitting accuracy of the extrapolation model for ship magnetic fields is used as the optimization objective.Based on a finite element simulation model of ship magnetic fields,the accuracy and robustness of the CNN algorithm under different magnetic field conditions are validated using the known standard depth plane,the unknown depth at 1.125 times the standard depth plane,and the unknown depth at 1.25 times the standard depth plane.Results show that,after optimization,the fitting error for the magnetic field extrapolation model based on CNN is 1.50%for the standard depth plane,1.63%for the unknown depth at 1.125 times the standard depth plane,and 2.36%for the unknown depth at 1.25 times the standard depth plane.The error remains below 5%under varying magnetic field conditions.When a random measurement error of 0%-5%is introduced for the magnetic probes,the prediction error at 1.25 times the standard depth plane is 2.30%;with a random error of 0%-10%,the prediction error is 4.95%.This approach significantly improves the accuracy and robustness of magnetic field extrapolation,which makes it an effective and feasible method for ship magnetic field modeling.展开更多
To study the deep rock strength,this paper proposes a five-parameter deviatoric function to modify the deviatoric function of the Hoek-Brown(HB)criterion introduces an intelligent optimization algorithm(IOA)to determi...To study the deep rock strength,this paper proposes a five-parameter deviatoric function to modify the deviatoric function of the Hoek-Brown(HB)criterion introduces an intelligent optimization algorithm(IOA)to determine the material parameters,thereby constructing a modified three-dimensional(3D)HB criterion,namely MMCHB criterion.The MMCHB criterion avoids the defects of the traditional HB criterion,which neither considers the Intermediate principal stress(IPS)nor meets the smoothness requirement,and overcomes the shortcomings of parameter determination based on conventional methods,which can lead to a single deviatoric plane envelope shape.This modified criterion can be degenerated into the HB criterion under triaxial compression and tension.The proposed criterion is verified using true triaxial test data for six types of intact rock,and the modified 3D HB criteria are selected for comparative study.The results show that the proposed criterion under the IOA has the best prediction error for the six rock types,ranging from 1.6636% to 3.4023%.Overall,the MMCHB criterion outperforms the existing modified 3D HB criteria in prediction.Based on the proposed MMCHB criterion,an intelligent prediction system is developed,which provides a new approach for intelligent prediction of deep rock strength and dynamic construction of rock material parameters.展开更多
In order to address environmental pollution and resource depletion caused by traditional power generation,this paper proposes an adaptive iterative dynamic-balance optimization algorithm that integrates the Improved D...In order to address environmental pollution and resource depletion caused by traditional power generation,this paper proposes an adaptive iterative dynamic-balance optimization algorithm that integrates the Improved Dung Beetle Optimizer(IDBO)with VariationalMode Decomposition(VMD).The IDBO-VMD method is designed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of wind-speed time-series decomposition and to effectively smooth photovoltaic power fluctuations.This study innovatively improves the traditional variational mode decomposition(VMD)algorithm,and significantly improves the accuracy and adaptive ability of signal decomposition by IDBO selfoptimization of key parameters K and a.On this basis,Fourier transform technology is used to define the boundary point between high frequency and low frequency signals,and a targeted energy distribution strategy is proposed:high frequency fluctuations are allocated to supercapacitors to quickly respond to transient power fluctuations;Lowfrequency components are distributed to lead-carbon batteries,optimizing long-term energy storage and scheduling efficiency.This strategy effectively improves the response speed and stability of the energy storage system.The experimental results demonstrate that the IDBO-VMD algorithm markedly outperforms traditional methods in both decomposition accuracy and computational efficiency.Specifically,it effectively reduces the charge–discharge frequency of the battery,prolongs battery life,and optimizes the operating ranges of the state-of-charge(SOC)for both leadcarbon batteries and supercapacitors.In addition,the energy management strategy based on the algorithm not only improves the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system,but also shows excellent performance in the dynamic management and intelligent scheduling of renewable energy generation.展开更多
Amidst the growing global emphasis on nuclear safety,the integrity of nuclear reactor systems has garnered attention in the aftermath of consequential events.Moreover,the rapid development of artificial intelligence t...Amidst the growing global emphasis on nuclear safety,the integrity of nuclear reactor systems has garnered attention in the aftermath of consequential events.Moreover,the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology has provided immense opportunities to enhance the safety and economy of nuclear energy.However,data-driven deep learning techniques often lack interpretability,which hinders their applicability in the nuclear energy sector.To address this problem,this study proposes a hybrid data-driven and knowledge-driven artificial intelligence model based on physics-informed neural networks to accurately compute the neutron flux distribution inside a nuclear reactor core.Innovative techniques,such as regional decomposition,intelligent keff(effective multiplication factor)search,and keffinversion,have been introduced for the calculation.Furthermore,hyperparameters of the model are automatically optimized using a whale optimization algorithm.A series of computational examples are used to validate the proposed model,demonstrating its applicability,generality,and high accuracy in calculating the neutron flux within the nuclear reactor.The model offers a dependable strategy for computing the neutron flux distribution in nuclear reactors for advanced simulation techniques in the future,including reactor digital twinning.This approach is data-light,requires little to no training data,and still delivers remarkably precise output data.展开更多
[Objective]Detecting dense and small aquaculture net cages in complex backgrounds is difficult,the purpose of this study is to build a specialized dataset and design a targeted detection model that enhances recognitio...[Objective]Detecting dense and small aquaculture net cages in complex backgrounds is difficult,the purpose of this study is to build a specialized dataset and design a targeted detection model that enhances recognition accuracy and robustness for practical aquaculture management.[Methods]A dataset of aquaculture net cages was constructed using highresolution remote sensing imagery collected from seven representative farming regions(Australia,Canada,Chile,Croatia,Greece,China,and the Faroe Islands),and Cage-YOLO,a deep learning model based on YOLOv5,was proposed for detecting dense and small aquaculture net cages.First,an adaptive dense perception algorithm was introduced,which automatically selects and generates feature maps that reflect the high-density distribution of small aquaculture net cages.Second,an enhanced module based on spatial pyramid pooling fast was integrated to effectively reduce background noise interference and improve global feature extraction capabilities.Finally,a mixed attention block was incorporated to further enhance the model's perception of dense and small objects.[Results and Discussions]Experimental results showed that the proposed Cage-YOLO achieved improvements over the original YOLOv5 in terms of precision,recall,and mean average precision by 5.6,21.8,and 17.4 percentage points,respectively.The model size was maintained at 16.9 MB,demonstrating both strong performance and deployment advantages.[Conclusions]This study provides a new approach for dense and small object detection and offers technical support for the intelligent management of marine cage aquaculture.展开更多
For unmanned surface vehicles(USVs),how to find an effective,feasible path that substantially improves mission success rates and time efficiency in dynamic marine environments is a critical issue.To address the path p...For unmanned surface vehicles(USVs),how to find an effective,feasible path that substantially improves mission success rates and time efficiency in dynamic marine environments is a critical issue.To address the path planning problem for USVs using deep reinforcement learning(DRL)in dynamic ocean environments,an improved algorithm based on Deep Q-Networks(DQN)is proposed,which is called Fast Guided Deep Q-Network Algorithm(FG-DQN).This algorithm combines DQN with the artificial potential field(APF)method and uses the A*algorithm to initialize a guiding path in a global static environment and to provide prior knowledge for the USVs.Additionally,the configuration of the reward function using APF and the guiding path effectively reduces the frequency of random movements during the early exploration phase of the DQN algorithm,which accelerates convergence,improves the computational efficiency of path planning,and increases path safety.Finally,the performance of the presented algorithm is validated through experiments in a 2D environment.Compared with traditional reinforcement learning methods such as Q-learning and Sarsa,as well as the original DQN algorithm,FG-DQN is more effective for USV path planning.展开更多
Frequency diverse array multiple-input multiple-output(FDA-MIMO)radar has gained considerable research attention due to its ability to effectively counter active repeater deception jamming in complex electromagnetic e...Frequency diverse array multiple-input multiple-output(FDA-MIMO)radar has gained considerable research attention due to its ability to effectively counter active repeater deception jamming in complex electromagnetic environments.The effectiveness of interference suppression by FDA-MIMO is limited by the inherent range-angle coupling issue in the FDA beampattern.Existing literature primarily focuses on control methods for FDA-MIMO radar beam direction under the assumption of static beampatterns,with insufficient exploration of techniques for managing nonstationary beam directions.To address this gap,this paper initially introduces the FDA-MIMO signal model and the calculation formula for the FDA-MIMO array output using the minimum variance distortionless response(MVDR)beamformer.Building on this,the problem of determining the optimal frequency offset for the FDA is rephrased as a convex optimization problem,which is then resolved using the cuckoo search(CS)algorithm.Simulations confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach,showing that the frequency offsets obtained through the CS algorithm can create a dot-shaped beam direction at the target location while effectively suppressing interference signals within the mainlobe.展开更多
Amplitude Phase Shift Keying(APSK)is more suitable for the nonlinear channels of Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellite communication systems compared to Quadrature Amplitude Modulation(QAM).To tackle challenges posed by Direc...Amplitude Phase Shift Keying(APSK)is more suitable for the nonlinear channels of Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellite communication systems compared to Quadrature Amplitude Modulation(QAM).To tackle challenges posed by Direct Current(DC)interference and high demodulation complexity,we propose an APSK demodulation algorithm based on K-means clustering.Initially,static DC components are calculated and removed from the received APSK signals.Subsequently,the estimated APSK constellation points serve as initial centers for K-means clustering.These centers are refined through the K-means process and act as theoretical APSK constellation points for the Max-Log-MAP demodulation algorithm,effectively eliminating residual DC.We then introduce a low-complexity APSK demodulation algorithm that utilizes the symmetry of constellation points along with the Euclidean distance between DC-eliminated signals and these constellation points to minimize the set of constellation points.Simulation results indicate that for 32-APSK,our proposed demodulation submodule reduces computational complexity to approximately one-third that of the Max-Log-MAP algorithm while improving Bit Error Rate(BER)performance by about 0.23 dB.Furthermore,end-to-end simulation experiments conducted within LEO satellite communication systems demonstrate that our approach not only maintains this complexity advantage but also enhances BER performance by approximately 1.1 dB.展开更多
User electricity consumption behavior analysis and multi-load forecasting in integrated energy systems are crucial for system operation and scheduling.Traditional user electricity consumption behavior analysis fails t...User electricity consumption behavior analysis and multi-load forecasting in integrated energy systems are crucial for system operation and scheduling.Traditional user electricity consumption behavior analysis fails to adequately incorporate meteorological factors,limiting the accuracy of characterizing user electricity consumption patterns.Traditional multi-load forecasting models do not consider the differentiated coupling relationships with meteorological factors across different seasons,which restricts the improvement of forecasting accuracy.To address the above issues,a method integrating data cleaning and meteorological correlation for electricity consumption behavior and multi-dimensional forecasting analysis is proposed.First,the Akima interpolation method is used to repair anomalous points in the load data.Second,the BK-Means algorithm is employed to determine the optimal number of clusters and initial centers,achieving a coupled analysis of wind-solar power output,load-meteorology clustering,and user electricity consumption behavior.Subsequently,the Kendall rank correlation coefficient method is applied to analyze the correlation between multi-dimensional loads and meteorological factors,constructing differentiated input feature sets for various loads tailored to different seasons.Finally,a combined model is used to generate multi-load forecasting results.The results demonstrate that compared to single forecasting methods,the proposed method achieves higher forecasting accuracy for electricity,cool,and heating loads across different seasons.展开更多
This multicenter study aimed to establish a quantitative, individualized surgical decision algorithm for pediatric hypospadias by analyzing multicenter penile anatomical data, surgical approaches, and follow-up outcom...This multicenter study aimed to establish a quantitative, individualized surgical decision algorithm for pediatric hypospadias by analyzing multicenter penile anatomical data, surgical approaches, and follow-up outcomes. To achieve this purpose, clinical data from 1500 primary hypospadias cases across 17 tertiary centers in China (December 2018 to September 2021) were retrospectively reviewed, with patients stratified into urethral plate preservation group (n = 715) and transection group (n = 785). Using multivariate logistic regression, key predictors for intraoperative urethral plate transection were identified, and morphometric parameters were analyzed to guide surgical selection. This analysis led to the development of a predictive nomogram and risk stratification thresholds, which were subsequently validated. The results demonstrated that significant predictors of transection included glans length (odds ratio [OR]: 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.29), glans width (OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.29–0.43), and penile curvature (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.06–1.08), with the nomogram showing excellent discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]: 0.914 in training and 0.87 in validation). Furthermore, for urethral plate preservation, a urethral plate width threshold of 4.25 mm differentiated optimal candidates for tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (width ≥4.25 mm) versus onlay island flap (width 3.55 cm was associated with higher complication rates in single-stage repairs (45.8% vs 33.4%, P < 0.05), favoring staged approaches. This algorithm integrates preoperative morphometrics and intraoperative measurements to provide objective, quantifiable guidance for individualized surgical planning, particularly benefiting less experienced surgeons.展开更多
Seismic time series forecasting remains challenging due to the nonlinearity,non-stationarity,and noise of earthquake data,and because deep learning models are sensitive to preprocessing and hyperparameter settings.Alt...Seismic time series forecasting remains challenging due to the nonlinearity,non-stationarity,and noise of earthquake data,and because deep learning models are sensitive to preprocessing and hyperparameter settings.Although recent studies have improved neural architectures and optimization techniques,preprocessing is often treated as a fixed or manually designed stage,with limited integration into model optimization.To address this,this paper proposes an integrated,data-driven modelling framework that combines guided preprocessing with systematic hyperparameter optimization for seismic prediction,specifically forecasting earthquake magnitude from seismic catalog time-series data,with experiments conducted on Canadian seismic records.The method uses a Large Language Model to guide data preparation and feature engineering,rather than fully automate them,and applies deep learning-based forecasting with the N-HITS architecture,optimized via metaheuristic-assisted feature selection and hyperparameter tuning.The Football Optimization Algorithm(FbOA),employed as a metaheuristic optimization strategy in this study,is evaluated and compared with several well-known optimizers under identical conditions.The results show significant performance gains,with FbOA achieving superior accuracy,robustness,and convergence compared to baseline and competing methods.Notably,error metrics are reduced(MSE 3.10×10-7,RMSE 5.57×103),with high performance indicators(r=0.982,R2=0.979,NSE=0.981,WI=0.985).These results highlight the value of integrating guided preprocessing with optimization and demonstrate a scalable framework for high-precision time-series prediction in geophysical and related domains.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program for Young Scientists,Chin(Grant No.2021YFC2900400)the Sichuan-Chongqing Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Program Project,China(Grant No.2024TIAD-CYKJCXX0269)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(Grant No.52304123).
摘要Lithology identificationwhile drilling technology can obtain rock information in real-time.However,traditional lithology identificationmodels often face limitations in feature extraction and adaptability to complex geological conditions,limiting their accuracy in challenging environments.To address these challenges,a deep learning model for lithology identificationwhile drilling is proposed.The proposed model introduces a dual attention mechanism in the long short-term memory(LSTM)network,effectively enhancing the ability to capture spatial and channel dimension information.Subsequently,the crayfishoptimization algorithm(COA)is applied to optimize the model network structure,thereby enhancing its lithology identificationcapability.Laboratory test results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves 97.15%accuracy on the testing set,significantlyoutperforming the traditional support vector machine(SVM)method(81.77%).Field tests under actual drilling conditions demonstrate an average accuracy of 91.96%for the proposed model,representing a 14.31%improvement over the LSTM model alone.The proposed model demonstrates robust adaptability and generalization ability across diverse operational scenarios.This research offers reliable technical support for lithology identification while drilling.
基金supported by the Federal Ministry of Research,Technology,and Space of Germany in the Programme of“Souverän Digital Vernetzt”Under Joint Project 6G-life With Project(16KIS2414)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24B20184,62373118)。
摘要Effective cooperation is pivotal in distributed learning for multi-agent systems,where the interplay between the quantity and quality of the machine learning models is crucial.This paper reveals the irrationality of indiscriminate inclusion of all models on agents for joint prediction,highlighting the imperative to prioritize quality over quantity in cooperative learning.Specifically,we present the first selective online learning framework for distributed Gaussian process(GP)regression,namely distributed error-informed GP(EIGP),that enables each agent to assess its neighboring collaborators,using the proposed selection function to choose the higher quality GP models with less prediction errors.Moreover,algorithmic enhancements are embedded within the EIGP,including a greedy algorithm(gEIGP)for accelerating prediction and an adaptive algorithm(aEIGP)for improving prediction accuracy.In addition,approaches for fast prediction and model update are introduced in conjunction with the error-informed quantification term iteration and a data deletion strategy to achieve real-time learning operations.Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed methodology,showcasing its superiority over the stateof-the-art distributed GP methods with different benchmarks.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52338011)the Start-up Research Fund of Southeast University(No.RF1028624058)+1 种基金the Southeast University Interdisciplinary Research Program for Young Scholarsthe National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFC3014103).
摘要The virtual preassembly of super-high steel bridge towers faces a challenge in the efficient and precise extraction of complex cross-sectional features.Factors such as fabrication errors,gravity-induced deformations,and temperature fluctuations can compromise the accuracy of contour extraction.To address these limitations,an improved Alpha-shape-based point cloud contour extraction method is proposed.The proposed approach uses a hierarchical strategy to process three-dimensional laser scanning point clouds.The processed data are then subjected to curvatureadaptive voxel filtering to reduce acquisition noise.In addition,an enhanced iterative closest point(ICP)variant with correspondence validation accurately aligns the discrete point cloud segments.The proposed curvature-responsive Alpha-shape framework enables multiscale contour delineation through topology-adaptive threshold modulation,which resolves boundary ambiguities in geometrically complex cross-sections.The method was experimentally validated using field-acquired measurement datasets from the Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge tower segments,confirming its capability to reconstruct noncanonical cross-sectional geometries.Three contour extraction methods,including Poisson reconstruction,the conventional Alpha-shape algorithm,and random sample consensus with ICP(RANSAC-ICP),were compared to evaluate the performance of the proposed Alpha-shape algorithm.The results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior contour extraction accuracy and data reduction efficiency,highlighting its effectiveness in contour extraction tasks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12032008,12102080,and 52378484)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFB1709401).
摘要Quantum computing,leveraging the properties of quantum physics such as quantum superposition and entanglement,possesses the potential for exponential acceleration compared to classical computing.It can significantly enhance solution efficiency in topology optimization and effectively avoid the entrapment in local optima.This paper proposes a hybrid classical-quantum computing framework to solve the stress-constrained topology optimization problem for truss structures.Initially,structural analyses are performed on a classical computer to determine the stresses of truss members.Then,the optimization problem is formulated through incremental updates of member cross-sectional areas to make it compatible with a quantum annealer.The update strategy consists of a directional-control function and a magnitude-control function.By embedding stress constraints directly into the directional-control function,the original optimization problem is reformulated as a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization model suitable for quantum annealing.To realize a balance between solution accuracy and iteration efficiency,a dynamic strategy for adjusting the magnitude of area increments is proposed.Thus,the quantum annealer can effectively achieve the optimal solutions.When only the access time of the quantum processing unit is considered,the results from 2D and 3D examples of truss topology optimization validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework,and demonstrate the great potential of quantum computing in structural optimization.
基金the Special Research Fund for the Na-tional Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022ZD0119001)。
摘要A novel intelligent optimization algorithm inspired by nature,called sea otter optimization algorithm(SOOA),is proposed.The SOOA simulates the natural behaviors of sea otters,such as using tactile senses to search for food in seawater,grooming their fur,feeding with the aid of stones,and escaping from danger.In the exploration stage,a wetness factor is introduced to control the behavior of sea otters in foraging and grooming;a danger factor is introduced to control the behavior of sea otters in feeding and avoiding dangers in the exploitation stage,and the behaviors of sea otters in responding to different dangers are mathematically modeled.The proposed algorithm is compared with 9 well-known intelligent optimization algorithms,and evaluated in 13 benchmark functions as well as wireless sensor network coverage optimization problems to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.The experimental results show that the node coverage after SOOA optimization reaches 91.2%in 2D environment and 90.47%in 3D environment.Compared with other algorithms,SOOA is superior and possesses the ability to solve complex optimization problems.
摘要An aircraft carrier's formidable combat capability relies on sorties,with efficient deck operations as the core to enhance sortie and recovery capabilities.First,this study develops an integrated mathematical model for carrier-based aircraft deployment,sortie,and maintenance scheduling to assist decision-makers in formulating sorties and coordinating resource allocation(e.g.,personnel,equipment),aiming to optimize the comprehensive effectiveness index of integrated carrier-based aircraft scheduling.Second,a hybrid multi-layer coded genetic algorithm(HMCGA)integrated with heuristic rules is proposed;it uses four-layer coding to resolve inter-sub-process coupling and supports integrated carrier-based aircraft scheduling,covering hangar transfer,deck transfer,aircraft maintenance support,and sortie execution.Then,case simulation shows the proposed model and algorithm effectively improve operational effectiveness and ensure accuracy.Finally,comparisons of 50 independent simulation results(PSO,DE,WOA,CPLEX)effectively validate HMCGA's superiority and universality in solving integrated carrier-based aircraft scheduling problems across fleet scales,further confirming the model and algorithm's reliability.
基金funded by Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Science Research Project,grant number 23YJAZH034The Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,grant number SJCX25_17National Computer Basic Education Research Project in Higher Education Institutions,grant number 2024-AFCEC-056,2024-AFCEC-057.
摘要To solve the false detection and missed detection problems caused by various types and sizes of defects in the detection of steel surface defects,similar defects and background features,and similarities between different defects,this paper proposes a lightweight detection model named multiscale edge and squeeze-and-excitation attention detection network(MSESE),which is built upon the You Only Look Once version 11 nano(YOLOv11n).To address the difficulty of locating defect edges,we first propose an edge enhancement module(EEM),apply it to the process of multiscale feature extraction,and then propose a multiscale edge enhancement module(MSEEM).By obtaining defect features from different scales and enhancing their edge contours,the module uses the dual-domain selection mechanism to effectively focus on the important areas in the image to ensure that the feature images have richer information and clearer contour features.By fusing the squeeze-and-excitation attention mechanism with the EEM,we obtain a lighter module that can enhance the representation of edge features,which is named the edge enhancement module with squeeze-and-excitation attention(EEMSE).This module was subsequently integrated into the detection head.The enhanced detection head achieves improved edge feature enhancement with reduced computational overhead,while effectively adjusting channel-wise importance and further refining feature representation.Experiments on the NEU-DET dataset show that,compared with the original YOLOv11n,the improved model achieves improvements of 4.1%and 2.2%in terms of mAP@0.5 and mAP@0.5:0.95,respectively,and the GFLOPs value decreases from the original value of 6.4 to 6.2.Furthermore,when compared to current mainstream models,Mamba-YOLOT and RTDETR-R34,our method achieves superior performance with 6.5%and 8.9%higher mAP@0.5,respectively,while maintaining a more compact parameter footprint.These results collectively validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed approach.
基金Projects(52374138,51764013)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20204BCJ22005)supported by the Training Plan for Academic and Technical Leaders of Major Disciplines of Jiangxi Province,China+1 种基金Project(2019M652277)supported by the China Postdoctoral Science FoundationProject(20192ACBL21014)supported by the Natural Science Youth Foundation Key Projects of Jiangxi Province,China。
摘要The cemented tailings backfill(CTB)with initial defects is more prone to destabilization damage under the influence of various unfavorable factors during the mining process.In order to investigate its influence on the stability of underground mining engineering,this paper simulates the generation of different degrees of initial defects inside the CTB by adding different contents of air-entraining agent(AEA),investigates the acoustic emission RA/AF eigenvalues of CTB with different contents of AEA under uniaxial compression,and adopts various denoising algorithms(e.g.,moving average smoothing,median filtering,and outlier detection)to improve the accuracy of the data.The variance and autocorrelation coefficients of RA/AF parameters were analyzed in conjunction with the critical slowing down(CSD)theory.The results show that the acoustic emission RA/AF values can be used to characterize the progressive damage evolution of CTB.The denoising algorithm processed the AE signals to reduce the effects of extraneous noise and anomalous spikes.Changes in the variance curves provide clear precursor information,while abrupt changes in the autocorrelation coefficient can be used as an auxiliary localization warning signal.The phenomenon of dramatic increase in the variance and autocorrelation coefficient curves during the compression-tightening stage,which is influenced by the initial defects,can lead to false warnings.As the initial defects of the CTB increase,its instability precursor time and instability time are prolonged,the peak stress decreases,and the time difference between the CTB and the instability damage is smaller.The results provide a new method for real-time monitoring and early warning of CTB instability damage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52374156).
摘要To address low learning efficiency and inadequate path safety in spraying robot navigation within complex obstacle-rich environments—with dense,dynamic,unpredictable obstacles challenging conventional methods—this paper proposes a hybrid algorithm integrating Q-learning and improved A*-Artificial Potential Field(A-APF).Centered on theQ-learning framework,the algorithmleverages safety-oriented guidance generated byA-APF and employs a dynamic coordination mechanism that adaptively balances exploration and exploitation.The proposed system comprises four core modules:(1)an environment modeling module that constructs grid-based obstacle maps;(2)an A-APF module that combines heuristic search from A*algorithm with repulsive force strategies from APF to generate guidance;(3)a Q-learning module that learns optimal state-action values(Q-values)through spraying robot-environment interaction and a reward function emphasizing path optimality and safety;and(4)a dynamic optimization module that ensures adaptive cooperation between Q-learning and A-APF through exploration rate control and environment-aware constraints.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances path safety in complex underground mining environments.Quantitative results indicate that,compared to the traditional Q-learning algorithm,the proposed method shortens training time by 42.95% and achieves a reduction in training failures from 78 to just 3.Compared to the static fusion algorithm,it further reduces both training time(by 10.78%)and training failures(by 50%),thereby improving overall training efficiency.
摘要Accurate modeling of ship magnetic fields is important for predicting their spatial distribution to improve the magnetic stealth effect of ships.This study proposes an extrapolation model for ship magnetic fields based on genetic algorithms and convolutional neural networks(CNNs).The magnetic probe position matrix of the traditional equivalent source is utilized as input,and the three-directional components of the magnetic field measured by the probes are employed as output.The extrapolation model for ship magnetic fields is obtained through iterative training and fitting with CNNs.Variables such as the number of magnetic dipoles,the distance between magnetic dipoles,the size and quantity of convolutional kernels,batch size,learning rate,and L2 regularization coefficient are optimized to boost the accuracy of the extrapolation model for magnetic fields.The fitting accuracy of the extrapolation model for ship magnetic fields is used as the optimization objective.Based on a finite element simulation model of ship magnetic fields,the accuracy and robustness of the CNN algorithm under different magnetic field conditions are validated using the known standard depth plane,the unknown depth at 1.125 times the standard depth plane,and the unknown depth at 1.25 times the standard depth plane.Results show that,after optimization,the fitting error for the magnetic field extrapolation model based on CNN is 1.50%for the standard depth plane,1.63%for the unknown depth at 1.125 times the standard depth plane,and 2.36%for the unknown depth at 1.25 times the standard depth plane.The error remains below 5%under varying magnetic field conditions.When a random measurement error of 0%-5%is introduced for the magnetic probes,the prediction error at 1.25 times the standard depth plane is 2.30%;with a random error of 0%-10%,the prediction error is 4.95%.This approach significantly improves the accuracy and robustness of magnetic field extrapolation,which makes it an effective and feasible method for ship magnetic field modeling.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42567024 and 52334004)the Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects,China(No.202401BE070001-051)+2 种基金the Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects,China(No.202602AG050013)the Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area,MNR,Chinathe Yunnan Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area,China。
摘要To study the deep rock strength,this paper proposes a five-parameter deviatoric function to modify the deviatoric function of the Hoek-Brown(HB)criterion introduces an intelligent optimization algorithm(IOA)to determine the material parameters,thereby constructing a modified three-dimensional(3D)HB criterion,namely MMCHB criterion.The MMCHB criterion avoids the defects of the traditional HB criterion,which neither considers the Intermediate principal stress(IPS)nor meets the smoothness requirement,and overcomes the shortcomings of parameter determination based on conventional methods,which can lead to a single deviatoric plane envelope shape.This modified criterion can be degenerated into the HB criterion under triaxial compression and tension.The proposed criterion is verified using true triaxial test data for six types of intact rock,and the modified 3D HB criteria are selected for comparative study.The results show that the proposed criterion under the IOA has the best prediction error for the six rock types,ranging from 1.6636% to 3.4023%.Overall,the MMCHB criterion outperforms the existing modified 3D HB criteria in prediction.Based on the proposed MMCHB criterion,an intelligent prediction system is developed,which provides a new approach for intelligent prediction of deep rock strength and dynamic construction of rock material parameters.
基金funded by the Institute of Smart Energy,Huaiyin Institute of Technology,under Grant No.HIT-ISE-2024-07.
摘要In order to address environmental pollution and resource depletion caused by traditional power generation,this paper proposes an adaptive iterative dynamic-balance optimization algorithm that integrates the Improved Dung Beetle Optimizer(IDBO)with VariationalMode Decomposition(VMD).The IDBO-VMD method is designed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of wind-speed time-series decomposition and to effectively smooth photovoltaic power fluctuations.This study innovatively improves the traditional variational mode decomposition(VMD)algorithm,and significantly improves the accuracy and adaptive ability of signal decomposition by IDBO selfoptimization of key parameters K and a.On this basis,Fourier transform technology is used to define the boundary point between high frequency and low frequency signals,and a targeted energy distribution strategy is proposed:high frequency fluctuations are allocated to supercapacitors to quickly respond to transient power fluctuations;Lowfrequency components are distributed to lead-carbon batteries,optimizing long-term energy storage and scheduling efficiency.This strategy effectively improves the response speed and stability of the energy storage system.The experimental results demonstrate that the IDBO-VMD algorithm markedly outperforms traditional methods in both decomposition accuracy and computational efficiency.Specifically,it effectively reduces the charge–discharge frequency of the battery,prolongs battery life,and optimizes the operating ranges of the state-of-charge(SOC)for both leadcarbon batteries and supercapacitors.In addition,the energy management strategy based on the algorithm not only improves the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system,but also shows excellent performance in the dynamic management and intelligent scheduling of renewable energy generation.
摘要Amidst the growing global emphasis on nuclear safety,the integrity of nuclear reactor systems has garnered attention in the aftermath of consequential events.Moreover,the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology has provided immense opportunities to enhance the safety and economy of nuclear energy.However,data-driven deep learning techniques often lack interpretability,which hinders their applicability in the nuclear energy sector.To address this problem,this study proposes a hybrid data-driven and knowledge-driven artificial intelligence model based on physics-informed neural networks to accurately compute the neutron flux distribution inside a nuclear reactor core.Innovative techniques,such as regional decomposition,intelligent keff(effective multiplication factor)search,and keffinversion,have been introduced for the calculation.Furthermore,hyperparameters of the model are automatically optimized using a whale optimization algorithm.A series of computational examples are used to validate the proposed model,demonstrating its applicability,generality,and high accuracy in calculating the neutron flux within the nuclear reactor.The model offers a dependable strategy for computing the neutron flux distribution in nuclear reactors for advanced simulation techniques in the future,including reactor digital twinning.This approach is data-light,requires little to no training data,and still delivers remarkably precise output data.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFD2400404)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62102243,42376194)Shanghai Sailing Program(21YF1417000)。
摘要[Objective]Detecting dense and small aquaculture net cages in complex backgrounds is difficult,the purpose of this study is to build a specialized dataset and design a targeted detection model that enhances recognition accuracy and robustness for practical aquaculture management.[Methods]A dataset of aquaculture net cages was constructed using highresolution remote sensing imagery collected from seven representative farming regions(Australia,Canada,Chile,Croatia,Greece,China,and the Faroe Islands),and Cage-YOLO,a deep learning model based on YOLOv5,was proposed for detecting dense and small aquaculture net cages.First,an adaptive dense perception algorithm was introduced,which automatically selects and generates feature maps that reflect the high-density distribution of small aquaculture net cages.Second,an enhanced module based on spatial pyramid pooling fast was integrated to effectively reduce background noise interference and improve global feature extraction capabilities.Finally,a mixed attention block was incorporated to further enhance the model's perception of dense and small objects.[Results and Discussions]Experimental results showed that the proposed Cage-YOLO achieved improvements over the original YOLOv5 in terms of precision,recall,and mean average precision by 5.6,21.8,and 17.4 percentage points,respectively.The model size was maintained at 16.9 MB,demonstrating both strong performance and deployment advantages.[Conclusions]This study provides a new approach for dense and small object detection and offers technical support for the intelligent management of marine cage aquaculture.
基金Supported by the Science Research Foundation for Introduced Talents,Fujian Province of China under Grant Nos.GY-Z21215,GY-Z21216.
摘要For unmanned surface vehicles(USVs),how to find an effective,feasible path that substantially improves mission success rates and time efficiency in dynamic marine environments is a critical issue.To address the path planning problem for USVs using deep reinforcement learning(DRL)in dynamic ocean environments,an improved algorithm based on Deep Q-Networks(DQN)is proposed,which is called Fast Guided Deep Q-Network Algorithm(FG-DQN).This algorithm combines DQN with the artificial potential field(APF)method and uses the A*algorithm to initialize a guiding path in a global static environment and to provide prior knowledge for the USVs.Additionally,the configuration of the reward function using APF and the guiding path effectively reduces the frequency of random movements during the early exploration phase of the DQN algorithm,which accelerates convergence,improves the computational efficiency of path planning,and increases path safety.Finally,the performance of the presented algorithm is validated through experiments in a 2D environment.Compared with traditional reinforcement learning methods such as Q-learning and Sarsa,as well as the original DQN algorithm,FG-DQN is more effective for USV path planning.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61503408)。
摘要Frequency diverse array multiple-input multiple-output(FDA-MIMO)radar has gained considerable research attention due to its ability to effectively counter active repeater deception jamming in complex electromagnetic environments.The effectiveness of interference suppression by FDA-MIMO is limited by the inherent range-angle coupling issue in the FDA beampattern.Existing literature primarily focuses on control methods for FDA-MIMO radar beam direction under the assumption of static beampatterns,with insufficient exploration of techniques for managing nonstationary beam directions.To address this gap,this paper initially introduces the FDA-MIMO signal model and the calculation formula for the FDA-MIMO array output using the minimum variance distortionless response(MVDR)beamformer.Building on this,the problem of determining the optimal frequency offset for the FDA is rephrased as a convex optimization problem,which is then resolved using the cuckoo search(CS)algorithm.Simulations confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach,showing that the frequency offsets obtained through the CS algorithm can create a dot-shaped beam direction at the target location while effectively suppressing interference signals within the mainlobe.
基金the Key Project of the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(2022NSCQ-LZX0191)the Key Research Program of Science and Technology of the Chongqing Education Commission(KJZD-K202202402)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Start-up Fund of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(A2023-62)the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(cstc2024ycjh-bgzxm003)for their invaluable support in this research。
摘要Amplitude Phase Shift Keying(APSK)is more suitable for the nonlinear channels of Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellite communication systems compared to Quadrature Amplitude Modulation(QAM).To tackle challenges posed by Direct Current(DC)interference and high demodulation complexity,we propose an APSK demodulation algorithm based on K-means clustering.Initially,static DC components are calculated and removed from the received APSK signals.Subsequently,the estimated APSK constellation points serve as initial centers for K-means clustering.These centers are refined through the K-means process and act as theoretical APSK constellation points for the Max-Log-MAP demodulation algorithm,effectively eliminating residual DC.We then introduce a low-complexity APSK demodulation algorithm that utilizes the symmetry of constellation points along with the Euclidean distance between DC-eliminated signals and these constellation points to minimize the set of constellation points.Simulation results indicate that for 32-APSK,our proposed demodulation submodule reduces computational complexity to approximately one-third that of the Max-Log-MAP algorithm while improving Bit Error Rate(BER)performance by about 0.23 dB.Furthermore,end-to-end simulation experiments conducted within LEO satellite communication systems demonstrate that our approach not only maintains this complexity advantage but also enhances BER performance by approximately 1.1 dB.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China,grant number 2022YFB2404002.
摘要User electricity consumption behavior analysis and multi-load forecasting in integrated energy systems are crucial for system operation and scheduling.Traditional user electricity consumption behavior analysis fails to adequately incorporate meteorological factors,limiting the accuracy of characterizing user electricity consumption patterns.Traditional multi-load forecasting models do not consider the differentiated coupling relationships with meteorological factors across different seasons,which restricts the improvement of forecasting accuracy.To address the above issues,a method integrating data cleaning and meteorological correlation for electricity consumption behavior and multi-dimensional forecasting analysis is proposed.First,the Akima interpolation method is used to repair anomalous points in the load data.Second,the BK-Means algorithm is employed to determine the optimal number of clusters and initial centers,achieving a coupled analysis of wind-solar power output,load-meteorology clustering,and user electricity consumption behavior.Subsequently,the Kendall rank correlation coefficient method is applied to analyze the correlation between multi-dimensional loads and meteorological factors,constructing differentiated input feature sets for various loads tailored to different seasons.Finally,a combined model is used to generate multi-load forecasting results.The results demonstrate that compared to single forecasting methods,the proposed method achieves higher forecasting accuracy for electricity,cool,and heating loads across different seasons.
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Xinjiang(2023B03018).
摘要This multicenter study aimed to establish a quantitative, individualized surgical decision algorithm for pediatric hypospadias by analyzing multicenter penile anatomical data, surgical approaches, and follow-up outcomes. To achieve this purpose, clinical data from 1500 primary hypospadias cases across 17 tertiary centers in China (December 2018 to September 2021) were retrospectively reviewed, with patients stratified into urethral plate preservation group (n = 715) and transection group (n = 785). Using multivariate logistic regression, key predictors for intraoperative urethral plate transection were identified, and morphometric parameters were analyzed to guide surgical selection. This analysis led to the development of a predictive nomogram and risk stratification thresholds, which were subsequently validated. The results demonstrated that significant predictors of transection included glans length (odds ratio [OR]: 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.29), glans width (OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.29–0.43), and penile curvature (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.06–1.08), with the nomogram showing excellent discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]: 0.914 in training and 0.87 in validation). Furthermore, for urethral plate preservation, a urethral plate width threshold of 4.25 mm differentiated optimal candidates for tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (width ≥4.25 mm) versus onlay island flap (width 3.55 cm was associated with higher complication rates in single-stage repairs (45.8% vs 33.4%, P < 0.05), favoring staged approaches. This algorithm integrates preoperative morphometrics and intraoperative measurements to provide objective, quantifiable guidance for individualized surgical planning, particularly benefiting less experienced surgeons.
摘要Seismic time series forecasting remains challenging due to the nonlinearity,non-stationarity,and noise of earthquake data,and because deep learning models are sensitive to preprocessing and hyperparameter settings.Although recent studies have improved neural architectures and optimization techniques,preprocessing is often treated as a fixed or manually designed stage,with limited integration into model optimization.To address this,this paper proposes an integrated,data-driven modelling framework that combines guided preprocessing with systematic hyperparameter optimization for seismic prediction,specifically forecasting earthquake magnitude from seismic catalog time-series data,with experiments conducted on Canadian seismic records.The method uses a Large Language Model to guide data preparation and feature engineering,rather than fully automate them,and applies deep learning-based forecasting with the N-HITS architecture,optimized via metaheuristic-assisted feature selection and hyperparameter tuning.The Football Optimization Algorithm(FbOA),employed as a metaheuristic optimization strategy in this study,is evaluated and compared with several well-known optimizers under identical conditions.The results show significant performance gains,with FbOA achieving superior accuracy,robustness,and convergence compared to baseline and competing methods.Notably,error metrics are reduced(MSE 3.10×10-7,RMSE 5.57×103),with high performance indicators(r=0.982,R2=0.979,NSE=0.981,WI=0.985).These results highlight the value of integrating guided preprocessing with optimization and demonstrate a scalable framework for high-precision time-series prediction in geophysical and related domains.