Anodic anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anodic anammox)presents a sustainable approach for nitrogen removal,yet its bioelectrochemical mechanisms remain unclear due to biofilm complexity and undefined roles of electroacti...Anodic anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anodic anammox)presents a sustainable approach for nitrogen removal,yet its bioelectrochemical mechanisms remain unclear due to biofilm complexity and undefined roles of electroactive microorganisms(EAMs).This study reveals that nitrite(NO2-)is the direct product of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)-driven anodic anammox,with extracellular electron transfer(EET)mediated by indirect mechanisms via redox shuttles.Metagenomic analysis identified two ammonia oxidation pathways:(1)a novel short-range nitrification pathway(NH4+→NO2-)governed by ncd2 genes,and(2)a traditional ammonia oxidation pathway(NH4+→NH2OH)facilitated by amoABC.Intriguingly,Geobacter exhibited potential NH2OH oxidation capability,bridging AOB activity and electrode respiration.Functional inhibition experiments demonstrated that EAMs-derived electron shuttles and reactive oxygen species(ROS)are critical for enhancing EET efficiency,with ROS serving as a key electron acceptor for AOB under anaerobic conditions.Spatial and metabolic synergy between EAMs and AOB—via substrate cross-feeding,cofactor provision,and electron transfer—was essential for maintaining biofilm stability.These findings challenge the conventional view of AOB-driven anodic anaerobic anammox mechanisms and provide new insights into sustainable nitrogen removal in engineered bioelectrochemical systems.展开更多
The electrostatic repulsion between the anode and ammonia(NH4+)can cause chlorine radicals(Cl·)at the interface to self-compounding into low oxidating species,weakening the treatment performance of ammon...The electrostatic repulsion between the anode and ammonia(NH4+)can cause chlorine radicals(Cl·)at the interface to self-compounding into low oxidating species,weakening the treatment performance of ammonia-nitrogen(NH4+-N)wastewater.This study introduces electron-rich elements into the tetrahedral sites(ATd2+)of spinel cobalt oxide(Co3O4)for efficient and selective NH4+-N mineralization induced by interfacial Cl·.Batch experiments,in-situ characterizations,and theoretical calculations confirm that CuTa2+have moderate energy level matching and strong binding energy with NH4+compared to NiTd2+and ZnTd2+.NH4+can effectively overcome electrostatic repulsion and enrich on CuxCo3-xO4anode.More importantly,the interaction of CuTd2+-O-CoOh3+weakens the binding of Cl·at CoOh3+sites,promoting the desorption of Cl·from the anodic interface.As a result,NH4+-N is mineralized by Cl·into N2with a rate of 4.4×10-2min-1,superior to Co3O4and commercial dimensionally stable anodes,Finally,the scale-up experiment using a continuous flow reactor realizes long-term stability for NH4+-N wastewater treatment,in which 100%of NH4+-N and 88.3%of total nitrogen can be continuously eliminated in 96 h.This study offers an in-depth understanding of interfacial reactions in the EC system and guides the design and synthesis of superior anodes for environmental remediation.展开更多
To mitigate the impact of interdiffusion reactions between the silicide slurry and Ta12W alloy substrate during vacuum sintering process on the oxidation resistance of the silicide coating,a micro-arc oxidation pretre...To mitigate the impact of interdiffusion reactions between the silicide slurry and Ta12W alloy substrate during vacuum sintering process on the oxidation resistance of the silicide coating,a micro-arc oxidation pretreatment was employed to construct a Ta2O5ceramic layer on the Ta12W alloy surface.Subsequently,a slurry spraying-vacuum sintering method was used to prepare a Si-Cr-Ti-Zr coating on the pretreated substrate.Comparative studies were conducted on the microstructure,phase composition,and isothermal oxidation resistance(at 1600℃)of the as-prepared coatings with and without the micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer.The results show that the Ta2O5layer prepared at 400 V is more continuous and has smaller pores than that prepared at 350 V.After microarc oxidation pretreatment,the Si-Cr-Ti-Zr coating on Ta12W alloy consists of three distinct layers:an upper layer dominated by Ti5Si3,Ta5Si3,and ZrSi;a middle layer dominated by TaSi2;a coating/substrate interfacial reaction layer dominated by Ta5Si3.Both the Si-Cr-Ti-Zr coatings with and without the Ta2O5ceramic layer do not fail after isothermal oxidation at 1600℃for 5 h.Notably,the addition of the Ta2O5 ceramic layer reduces the high-temperature oxidation rate of the coating.展开更多
Electrocatalytic glucose oxidation to high-value chemicals provides a sustainable route for biomass valorization.NiCo-based catalysts have emerged as promising candidates for glucose oxidation reaction owing to the in...Electrocatalytic glucose oxidation to high-value chemicals provides a sustainable route for biomass valorization.NiCo-based catalysts have emerged as promising candidates for glucose oxidation reaction owing to the intrinsic activity of Ni and Co catalytic centers.However,the dynamic evolution and atomic-scale synergy between these centers remain elusive.Herein,we fabricated NiCo2O4nanosheets supported on nickel foam,where Ni preferentially occupies tetrahedral sites to regulate the electronic configuration of octahedral Co.Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that the incorporation of tetrahedral Ni induces low-to-intermediate spin transition in octahedral Co,thereby optimizing eg orbital occupancy and stabilizing active sites.This spin-state engineering establishes Ni-Co synergistic catalytic centers for the selective oxidation of glucose to formate(FA).At higher potential(≥1.4 V vs.RHE),octahedral Co undergoes reconstruction into excessive active CoOOH and CoO2species,resulting in glucose overoxidation to CO2and intensified competitive oxygen evolution.In contrast,at lower potentials(<1.4 V vs.RHE),tetrahedral Ni facilitates electron delocalization across the Ni–O–Co lattice,thereby stabilizing octahedral Co for glucose adsorption and oxidation.Subsequently,a coupled electrocatalytic system was constructed,achieving 80.7%FA yield with 91.3%Faradaic efficiency(FE)at NiCo2O4anode and H2 evolution rate of 696μmol h−1with 99.9%FE at Pt cathode for 2 h under 1.35 V vs.RHE.This work provides a deep insight into spin-state regulation of the catalytic center,offering valuable guidance for rational catalyst design.展开更多
In igneous-intruded coal seams,coal undergoes significant metamorphism,which critically alters its pore structure and oxygen consumption dynamics,thereby elevating its spontaneous combustion tendency.This study invest...In igneous-intruded coal seams,coal undergoes significant metamorphism,which critically alters its pore structure and oxygen consumption dynamics,thereby elevating its spontaneous combustion tendency.This study investigates the specific surface area,pore volume,structure complexity/connectivity,heterogeneity/local features of pore size distribution,and oxygen consumption dynamics of igneous metamorphic coal through N2/CO2 isothermal adsorption tests and low-temperature oxidation experiments,and elucidates the influence mechanisms of pore structure evolution on oxygen consumption dynamics during low-temperature oxidation.With increasing metamorphic degree,igneous metamorphic coal exhibits a more pronounced reduction in specific surface area during oxidation,while the increase in structure complexity due to coal-oxygen reactions is suppressed.Thermally metamorphic coal demonstrates accelerated oxygen consumption,with oxidation amplifying the difference in reaction rates compared to raw coal.Key mechanisms include oxidation-induced reduction in mesopore complexity and micropore volume,decreased dominance of small-pore-volume apertures,and increased heterogeneity,collectively leading to a lower half-oxygen-consuming temperature and steeper oxygen consumption curves.Simultaneously,increased pore volume/complexity and reduced uniformity/connectivity act synergistically to enhance oxygen consumption capacity,highlighting the coupling between pore structure evolution and oxidation behavior in igneous metamorphic coal.This study provides theoretical insights into the pore-oxygen coupling mechanisms governing coal spontaneous combustion in igneous intrusion areas.展开更多
Ozone catalytic oxidation(OCO)is a promising technology for controlling malodorous pollution,effectively removing low-concentration oxygenated volatile organic compounds(OVOCs)at low temperatures.However,the catalytic...Ozone catalytic oxidation(OCO)is a promising technology for controlling malodorous pollution,effectively removing low-concentration oxygenated volatile organic compounds(OVOCs)at low temperatures.However,the catalytic performance of manganese oxides remains constrained by insufficient reactive oxygen species(ROS)and high humidity,particularly at low temperatures.To address this,a series of MMnO2catalysts were successfully prepared by introducing highly dispersed transition metals(M=Fe,Ce,Mo)into MnO2via an in-situ hydrothermal method,aiming to improve low-temperature performance.Among these catalysts,the FeMnO2catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic performance,achieving 100%conversion of 30 ppm ethyl acetate(EA)and a 92.78%mineralization rate at 70℃,along with exceptional stability and water resistance(12.8 vol.%).In situ characterization techniques have demonstrated that the introduction of Fe significantly weakens the Mn-O bond in MnO2.The formation of abundant oxygen vacancies facilitates the adsorption and activation of O3.Both 1O2and·O2-species serve as crucial ROS,promoting the effective mineralization of EA on the catalyst surface and reducing the generation of reaction intermediates.This study provides a significant foundation for the further development of catalysts targeting low-concentration OVOCs and for enhancing the practical low-temperature catalytic activity of transition metal oxides.展开更多
Large graphene oxide(LGO)sheets have significant advantages over smaller ones in various applications.However,producing them by the Hummers-type oxidation of large natural graphite flakes is challenging.The inherent l...Large graphene oxide(LGO)sheets have significant advantages over smaller ones in various applications.However,producing them by the Hummers-type oxidation of large natural graphite flakes is challenging.The inherent limiting factors are generally believed to be that large graphite flakes are both difficult to oxidize fully and prone to fragmentation during the process.By in-situ monitoring the graphite oxidation,we observed that,given sufficient time,large graphite flakes may be fully oxidized while still remaining largely intact.Graphite oxidation is governed by diffusion of the oxidizer between the layers,and is described by Fick’s law,where a high oxidizer concentration gradient increases the diffusion rate.We therefore increased the oxidizer concentration by minimizing the amount of solvent(concentrated H2SO4),achieving full oxidation of gram-scale large graphite flakes in a semi-solid state with significantly reduced reagent consumption.In addition,the reaction temperature was adjusted to balance graphite oxidation and Mn(VII)self-decomposition.Using this approach,gram-scale 200-,100-,and 50-mesh natural graphite were all fully oxidized with a significantly reduced consumption of both H2SO4 and KMnO4.A reduction in size occurs during exfoliation,yielding LGO with average sizes of 27.3,58.7,116.2μm,respectively.This study not only provides a scalable and cost-effective strategy for LGO production but also advances the understanding of Hummers-type methods.展开更多
Secondary inorganic and organic aerosols(SIA and SOA)constitute the predominant components of fine particles(PM2.5).In this study,we investigated the effects of photochemical and aqueous-phase oxidation on secondar...Secondary inorganic and organic aerosols(SIA and SOA)constitute the predominant components of fine particles(PM2.5).In this study,we investigated the effects of photochemical and aqueous-phase oxidation on secondary aerosol formation in Sichuan,China,during the SummerWorld University Games,2023.A Time-of-Flight Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor(ToF-ACSM)was employed for PM2.5component analysis,while the multiple linear engine(ME-2)facilitated the source apportionment of organic aerosols(OA).The average PM2.5was 13.6μg/m3,in which secondary aerosols accounted for 85.3%over the whole observation.Nitrate formation relied on both photochemical and aqueous-phase oxidation,whereas sulfate was mainly formed through photochemical oxidation.Photochemical processes significantly promoted the SOA formation,especially less oxidized oxygenated OA(LO–OOA).However,as relative humidity(RH)increased,the proportion of more oxidized oxygenated OA(MO–OOA)in SOA increased,and O/CSOArose.This indicated that photochemical oxidation primarily drove SOA formation,while aqueous-phase oxidation significantly enhanced the oxidation degree of SOA.The formation mechanism of SOA remained consistent across before,during and after the control periods,but emission control measures significantly slowed the rise in SOA levels during the control period when compared to before the control period.This study is helpful in understanding the role of photochemical and aqueous-phase oxidations on secondary aerosol formation under high Oxconditions,as well as the impact of emission control on SOA composition and evolution.展开更多
This study investigates the morphology and oxidation behavior of thermally grown oxides(TGO) formed at the interface of NiCoCrAlYTa+7YSZ(7 wt% Y2O3-stabilized zirconia) coatings deposited by air plasma spray(APS...This study investigates the morphology and oxidation behavior of thermally grown oxides(TGO) formed at the interface of NiCoCrAlYTa+7YSZ(7 wt% Y2O3-stabilized zirconia) coatings deposited by air plasma spray(APS) in air environments at1050℃,1100℃,and 1150℃.The enrichment of Ta-rich oxides beneath the TGO,along with the segregation of Y and Ta at Al2O3 grain boundaries,effectively inhibited the outward diffusion of Al.During cyclic oxidation,the outward diffusion of Al is influenced by the content of Y and Ta elements.Dense fine-striped Al2O3 formed within the BC during the APS process,acting as a diffusion barrier to inhibit the outward diffusion of Al.The internal growth oxides generated during cyclic oxidation significantly reduced the coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE) of the bond coat(BC),thereby reducing the driving force for top coat(TC) spallation and extending the service life of thermal barrier coatings(TBCs).展开更多
Perovskite oxides are highly promising catalysts for the combustion removal of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)due to their excellent stability,structural flexibility,and compositional versatility.This study presents ...Perovskite oxides are highly promising catalysts for the combustion removal of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)due to their excellent stability,structural flexibility,and compositional versatility.This study presents a novel perovskite oxide that exhibits enhanced catalytic activity and superior durability for toluene combustion at reduced temperatures.This improvement is achieved by phosphorus doping at the B-site of LaCoO3-δ(LC)perovskite oxide,followed by post-synthesis acid etching for a proper time.The resulting catalyst demonstrates increased specific surface area,higher total pore volume,and enhanced oxygen vacancy concentration both in the bulk and on the surface.Additionally,the activity of surface lattice oxygen species is significantly improved,leading to enhanced catalytic performance in toluene combustion.Notably,the optimized catalyst shows an exceptionally low activation energy(Ea)of 49.3 kJ mol-1,with a T90 reduction of over 214℃compared to the phosphorus doped LC and 190℃compared to pristine LC.Phosphorus doping plays a main role in significantly improving the long-term durability,particularly in the presence of CO2and H2O,while acid etching boosts the catalytic activity.This work introduces a rational and innovative strategy for optimizing VOC oxidation by improving the structure and surface chemical states of perovskite catalysts.展开更多
Severe internal oxidation formed in advanced high-strength steels(AHSSs)during the hot-rolled coiling process compromises subsequent cold rolling and galvanizing processes.Herein,we report how Sn microalloying governs...Severe internal oxidation formed in advanced high-strength steels(AHSSs)during the hot-rolled coiling process compromises subsequent cold rolling and galvanizing processes.Herein,we report how Sn microalloying governs internal oxidation behavior and modulates iron oxide phase transition process.Sn addition significantly reduces the depth of grain boundaries oxidation and the area of internal oxidation,as well as retards the process of oxide scale transformation.Sn preferentially segregates at the iron oxide/substrate interface,forming a diffusion barrier that suppresses outward diffusion of alloying elements and inward oxygen transport.Concurrently,Sn enrichment at grain boundaries obstructs short-circuit oxygen diffusion pathways,significantly reducing the depth of oxidation at the grain boundaries.Furthermore,Sn segregation decreases the interfacial oxygen chemical potential and oxygen availability for selective oxidation reaction.The strategic incorporation of surface-active elements has emerged as a viable metallurgical approach to reduce internal oxidation in hot-rolled coils for AHSS applications.展开更多
The severe hazard of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)makes their decomposition technology a key topic research.Catalytic oxidation is an efficient and environmentally friendly strategy for removing VOCs.The metal oxid...The severe hazard of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)makes their decomposition technology a key topic research.Catalytic oxidation is an efficient and environmentally friendly strategy for removing VOCs.The metal oxide catalysts dominate VOCs oxidation reactions,owing to their cost-effectiveness,robust redox properties,tunable crystal structures,and excellent operational stability.Thus,designing high-performance metal oxide catalysts is important.This review systematically summarized the recent advances in constructing highly efficient active metal oxides,with emphasis on representative preparation method,the structure performance relationship,and the reaction mechanism of different types VOCs.Finally,the remaining challenges for creating metal oxide catalysts in practical applications are discussed.展开更多
Catalytic oxidation represents a pivotal technology for the valorization of light hydrocarbons,where oxidative dehydrogenation(ODH)and epoxidation reactions using molecular oxygen have garnered substantial interest ow...Catalytic oxidation represents a pivotal technology for the valorization of light hydrocarbons,where oxidative dehydrogenation(ODH)and epoxidation reactions using molecular oxygen have garnered substantial interest owing to their high atom economy and environmental friendliness.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the oxidative dehydrogenation of light alkanes(ethane,propane)and the aerobic epoxidation of light olefins(ethylene,propylene).In terms of rational catalyst design,this review elaborates on performance regulation strategies for metal oxide catalysts such as MoVNbTeOxmixed oxides,NiO-based,and V-based systems,as well as carbon/boron-based non-metal catalysts in alkane oxidative dehydrogenation,along with silver-based and copper-based catalysts in alkene epoxidation.These strategies include regulating the oxidation state of active sites,strong metal-support interactions,particle size and crystal facet engineering,and promoter modification.At the mechanistic level,combining density functional theory calculations with in situ characterization techniques,this review delves into the C-H bond activation and alkene desorption pathways in oxidative dehydrogenation,along with the oxygen insertion routes and competing side reactions in epoxidation.Special attention is given to the dynamic evolution of electrophilic and nucleophilic oxygen species and their decisive role in reaction selectivity.Finally,the review outlines persistent challenges in the field,including suppressing over-oxidation and overcoming the trade-off between conversion and selectivity and proposes future research directions such as the precise design of active centers,development of inherently safer processes,and in-depth analysis of complex reaction networks,aiming to support the green transition of the chemical industry.展开更多
This study elucidates the oxidation mechanisms governing Y/Hf-doped AlCoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloys(HEAs)and reveals the pivotal role of fabrication processes in dictating high-temperature oxidation behavior.We demon...This study elucidates the oxidation mechanisms governing Y/Hf-doped AlCoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloys(HEAs)and reveals the pivotal role of fabrication processes in dictating high-temperature oxidation behavior.We demonstrate that casting and spark plasma sintering(SPS)promote Y/Hf segregation,resulting in heterogeneous oxide formation and compromised scale stability,whereas filtered cathodic vacuum arc(FCVA)deposition yields grain-boundary-free coatings with amorphous microstructures that foster the development of continuous dense Al2O3 films.Compared to conventional MCrAlY coatings,the FCVA-fabricated HEAs exhibit a tenfold reduction in oxidation rate.Notably,Al depletion during oxidation induces a B2→FCC phase transition,accelerating Fe/Co/Ni/Cr outward diffusion and facilitating spinel formation.Although Y/Hf co-doping effectively suppresses Al diffusion via the formation of large ionic clusters,the synergy is limited by atomic size mismatch.Our findings underscore that oxidation resistance is governed not merely by reactive element content but critically by their spatial distribution and the continuity of the protective oxide layer,offering a process-informed pathway to optimize high-temperature performance of HEA-based bond coats.展开更多
Peroxymonosulfate(PMS)-based Fenton-like technologies have been increasingly employed in the upgrading of biomass,but they are commonly limited by the trade-off between conversion and selectivity due to the short life...Peroxymonosulfate(PMS)-based Fenton-like technologies have been increasingly employed in the upgrading of biomass,but they are commonly limited by the trade-off between conversion and selectivity due to the short lifetime of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and uncontrollable oxidation pathways.Herein,we show that single-atom Co supported on carbon nitride enables the high-valent-oxo cobalt species(Co(IV)O)mediated oxidation of glucose into value-added products in acetonitrile.This photocatalytic Fenton-like system achieved an overall selectivity of gluconic acid,glucaric acid,arabinose,and formic acid up to 90.3%at glucose conversion of 69.6%,outperforming most of previously reported catalytic systems.The small amount(0.72 wt%)of single-atom Co could not only elevate the optical absorption and the efficiency of photo-generated carriers separation but also induce the efficient generation of Co(IV)O with reduced ROS to enable efficient and selective oxidation.These findings prove the great promise of high-valent metal-oxo species in biomass conversions.展开更多
Pyrrhotite,a gangue mineral involved in the separation of polymetallic sulfide ore,is prone to oxidation,which deteriorates the pulp environment and reduces flotation efficiency.In this study,the oxidation-corrosion c...Pyrrhotite,a gangue mineral involved in the separation of polymetallic sulfide ore,is prone to oxidation,which deteriorates the pulp environment and reduces flotation efficiency.In this study,the oxidation-corrosion characteristics of pyrrhotite were systematically investigated,revealing the influence of pulp oxygenation and pH on surface oxidation-corrosion,as well as the mechanism.Dissolved oxygen measurements and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy demonstrated that elevated pulp pH enhances the oxidation kinetics and extent.Under acidic conditions,pulp aeration intensifies Fedominated asymmetric corrosion,generating Fe-deficient/S-abundant surfaces.Conversely,pulp aeration is conducive to the selective corrosion of S under alkaline conditions,yielding Fe-abundant/S-deficient surfaces.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that enhancing the aeration intensity or raising the pH promotes the oxidation of Fe and S sites and accelerates the hydroxylation of Fe site.Supported by the surface etching analysis,the hierarchical oxidation pathways were clarified:Fe(Ⅱ)-S→Fe(Ⅲ)-S→Fe(Ⅲ)-O,S2-→S22-→Sn2-→SO42-,and Me-O→Me-OH→H2O.Scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive spectroscopy further confirmed the hierarchical oxidation and asymmetric corrosion characteristics,with corrosion becoming more pronounced as oxidation progresses.These findings elucidate the transformation of surface states and provide a theoretical foundation for understanding the reactivity of pyrrhotite during pretreatment and flotation.展开更多
A sub-stoichiometric trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride/dimethyl sulfoxide-mediated cooxidation approach has been developed for the efficient oxidation of phosphines to phosphine oxides.By avoiding the use of stoichio...A sub-stoichiometric trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride/dimethyl sulfoxide-mediated cooxidation approach has been developed for the efficient oxidation of phosphines to phosphine oxides.By avoiding the use of stoichiometric oxidants or toxic reagents,this procedure provides an economical and practical route to a variety of phosphine oxides.A broad range of P(Ⅲ)-compounds are well compatible with this transformation.The mild conditions,short reaction time,and scale-up preparation enable the potential application of this method to the late-stage industrial production.展开更多
With the rise in demand for energy and the increasing depletion of fossil fuels,the development and research of new energy sources have been advancing speedily.Hydrogen energy has attracted particular attention due to...With the rise in demand for energy and the increasing depletion of fossil fuels,the development and research of new energy sources have been advancing speedily.Hydrogen energy has attracted particular attention due to its zero-pollution and zero-carbon emissions.However,the high energy demand of traditional water electrolysis remains a major challenge for its industrial application.The slow kinetics of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)are the major bottleneck the key constraint on hydrogen production.Therefore,replacing OER with a lower potential anodic oxidation reaction is an important strategy to reduce energy consumption.While review articles on anode substitution have proliferated in recent years,few offer a systematic examination integrating mechanistic insights,energy requirements,and economic viability.This review summarizes recent research progress on anodic OER replacement via the electrooxidation of biomass,small-molecule reagents,and pollutants.Furthermore,it emphasizes the recovery and reuse of high-value-added products from anodic replacement reactions.Finally,this review presents a comprehensive assessment of the strengths,weaknesses,and technoeconomic viability of different replacement strategies,along with a forward-looking perspective on the future development paths and key challenges in electrocatalytic hydrogen production.展开更多
Electrochemical synthesis of amides from carbon-and nitrogen-containing small molecules is alluring from the view of carbon neutrality.Previous works were mainly focused on electro-reduction coupling of C-N bond to pr...Electrochemical synthesis of amides from carbon-and nitrogen-containing small molecules is alluring from the view of carbon neutrality.Previous works were mainly focused on electro-reduction coupling of C-N bond to prepare amides coupled with the useless oxygen evolution reaction on the anode.But,the competing hydrogen evolution reaction is more favorable in dynamics on the cathode,severely retarding the Faradaic efficiency of the amides.Very recently,electro-oxidation construction of C-N bond via coupling the cheap C-and N-containing small molecules to achieve high energy efficiency emerges as a rising star,while the big challenge lies in preventing the sole oxidation of feedstocks.In this perspective,we highlight the recent progress in anodic electro-oxidation synthesis of amides and the potential reaction mechanism.We also discuss the application potential and the development opportunities of the electro-oxidation strategy for amides synthesis from carbon-and nitrogen-containing small molecules.展开更多
This study investigated the protective effect of ferulic acid(FA) on the digestibility of oxidized beef myofibrillar protein(MP).MP were treated with varying concentrations of FA(20,40,and 80 μmol/g pro) and then exp...This study investigated the protective effect of ferulic acid(FA) on the digestibility of oxidized beef myofibrillar protein(MP).MP were treated with varying concentrations of FA(20,40,and 80 μmol/g pro) and then exposed to oxidation.The results showed that FA inhibited carbonyl in a dose-dependent manner.Fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking studies revealed FA was bonded to MP via hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds.Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transmission electron microscope analysis indicated that FA mitigated the aggregation of oxidized MP.Peptidomic analysis showed FA protected 34.24% peptides recover from oxidation loss,and theses recovered peptide were mainly distributed in hydrophobic regions and lysine sites.In vitro digestion showed FA remarkably improved digestibility of oxidized MP(P < 0.05),with 80 μmol/g pro FA mitigating 67.85% loss in digestibility.Overall,FA effectively preserved the release of peptides by inhibiting hydrophobic aggregation and oxidation of lysine residues,thereby alleviating the decrease in digestibility of oxidized MP.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Fund(No.32200085)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.324701109)+1 种基金Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2025NSFJQ0030)Sichuan Province science and technology plan project(No.2022JDTD0027).
摘要Anodic anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anodic anammox)presents a sustainable approach for nitrogen removal,yet its bioelectrochemical mechanisms remain unclear due to biofilm complexity and undefined roles of electroactive microorganisms(EAMs).This study reveals that nitrite(NO2-)is the direct product of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)-driven anodic anammox,with extracellular electron transfer(EET)mediated by indirect mechanisms via redox shuttles.Metagenomic analysis identified two ammonia oxidation pathways:(1)a novel short-range nitrification pathway(NH4+→NO2-)governed by ncd2 genes,and(2)a traditional ammonia oxidation pathway(NH4+→NH2OH)facilitated by amoABC.Intriguingly,Geobacter exhibited potential NH2OH oxidation capability,bridging AOB activity and electrode respiration.Functional inhibition experiments demonstrated that EAMs-derived electron shuttles and reactive oxygen species(ROS)are critical for enhancing EET efficiency,with ROS serving as a key electron acceptor for AOB under anaerobic conditions.Spatial and metabolic synergy between EAMs and AOB—via substrate cross-feeding,cofactor provision,and electron transfer—was essential for maintaining biofilm stability.These findings challenge the conventional view of AOB-driven anodic anaerobic anammox mechanisms and provide new insights into sustainable nitrogen removal in engineered bioelectrochemical systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52300081,52170082,52470079,51938007,and 52100186)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foudation(CPSF)(No.GZB20240175)+3 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M750620)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.20212ACB203008)Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse(No.2023SSY02061)the financial support of the projects and research platform support provided by the laboratory。
摘要The electrostatic repulsion between the anode and ammonia(NH4+)can cause chlorine radicals(Cl·)at the interface to self-compounding into low oxidating species,weakening the treatment performance of ammonia-nitrogen(NH4+-N)wastewater.This study introduces electron-rich elements into the tetrahedral sites(ATd2+)of spinel cobalt oxide(Co3O4)for efficient and selective NH4+-N mineralization induced by interfacial Cl·.Batch experiments,in-situ characterizations,and theoretical calculations confirm that CuTa2+have moderate energy level matching and strong binding energy with NH4+compared to NiTd2+and ZnTd2+.NH4+can effectively overcome electrostatic repulsion and enrich on CuxCo3-xO4anode.More importantly,the interaction of CuTd2+-O-CoOh3+weakens the binding of Cl·at CoOh3+sites,promoting the desorption of Cl·from the anodic interface.As a result,NH4+-N is mineralized by Cl·into N2with a rate of 4.4×10-2min-1,superior to Co3O4and commercial dimensionally stable anodes,Finally,the scale-up experiment using a continuous flow reactor realizes long-term stability for NH4+-N wastewater treatment,in which 100%of NH4+-N and 88.3%of total nitrogen can be continuously eliminated in 96 h.This study offers an in-depth understanding of interfacial reactions in the EC system and guides the design and synthesis of superior anodes for environmental remediation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52071274)Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province(2023-YBGY-442)Science and Technology Nova Project-Innovative Talent Promotion Program of Shaanxi Province(2020KJXX-062)。
摘要To mitigate the impact of interdiffusion reactions between the silicide slurry and Ta12W alloy substrate during vacuum sintering process on the oxidation resistance of the silicide coating,a micro-arc oxidation pretreatment was employed to construct a Ta2O5ceramic layer on the Ta12W alloy surface.Subsequently,a slurry spraying-vacuum sintering method was used to prepare a Si-Cr-Ti-Zr coating on the pretreated substrate.Comparative studies were conducted on the microstructure,phase composition,and isothermal oxidation resistance(at 1600℃)of the as-prepared coatings with and without the micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer.The results show that the Ta2O5layer prepared at 400 V is more continuous and has smaller pores than that prepared at 350 V.After microarc oxidation pretreatment,the Si-Cr-Ti-Zr coating on Ta12W alloy consists of three distinct layers:an upper layer dominated by Ti5Si3,Ta5Si3,and ZrSi;a middle layer dominated by TaSi2;a coating/substrate interfacial reaction layer dominated by Ta5Si3.Both the Si-Cr-Ti-Zr coatings with and without the Ta2O5ceramic layer do not fail after isothermal oxidation at 1600℃for 5 h.Notably,the addition of the Ta2O5 ceramic layer reduces the high-temperature oxidation rate of the coating.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22472199)Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (15055009)Central University Guided Funds for Building World-Class Universities (Disciplines) and Advancing Characteristic Development
摘要Electrocatalytic glucose oxidation to high-value chemicals provides a sustainable route for biomass valorization.NiCo-based catalysts have emerged as promising candidates for glucose oxidation reaction owing to the intrinsic activity of Ni and Co catalytic centers.However,the dynamic evolution and atomic-scale synergy between these centers remain elusive.Herein,we fabricated NiCo2O4nanosheets supported on nickel foam,where Ni preferentially occupies tetrahedral sites to regulate the electronic configuration of octahedral Co.Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that the incorporation of tetrahedral Ni induces low-to-intermediate spin transition in octahedral Co,thereby optimizing eg orbital occupancy and stabilizing active sites.This spin-state engineering establishes Ni-Co synergistic catalytic centers for the selective oxidation of glucose to formate(FA).At higher potential(≥1.4 V vs.RHE),octahedral Co undergoes reconstruction into excessive active CoOOH and CoO2species,resulting in glucose overoxidation to CO2and intensified competitive oxygen evolution.In contrast,at lower potentials(<1.4 V vs.RHE),tetrahedral Ni facilitates electron delocalization across the Ni–O–Co lattice,thereby stabilizing octahedral Co for glucose adsorption and oxidation.Subsequently,a coupled electrocatalytic system was constructed,achieving 80.7%FA yield with 91.3%Faradaic efficiency(FE)at NiCo2O4anode and H2 evolution rate of 696μmol h−1with 99.9%FE at Pt cathode for 2 h under 1.35 V vs.RHE.This work provides a deep insight into spin-state regulation of the catalytic center,offering valuable guidance for rational catalyst design.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52374247)the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U24B2042).
摘要In igneous-intruded coal seams,coal undergoes significant metamorphism,which critically alters its pore structure and oxygen consumption dynamics,thereby elevating its spontaneous combustion tendency.This study investigates the specific surface area,pore volume,structure complexity/connectivity,heterogeneity/local features of pore size distribution,and oxygen consumption dynamics of igneous metamorphic coal through N2/CO2 isothermal adsorption tests and low-temperature oxidation experiments,and elucidates the influence mechanisms of pore structure evolution on oxygen consumption dynamics during low-temperature oxidation.With increasing metamorphic degree,igneous metamorphic coal exhibits a more pronounced reduction in specific surface area during oxidation,while the increase in structure complexity due to coal-oxygen reactions is suppressed.Thermally metamorphic coal demonstrates accelerated oxygen consumption,with oxidation amplifying the difference in reaction rates compared to raw coal.Key mechanisms include oxidation-induced reduction in mesopore complexity and micropore volume,decreased dominance of small-pore-volume apertures,and increased heterogeneity,collectively leading to a lower half-oxygen-consuming temperature and steeper oxygen consumption curves.Simultaneously,increased pore volume/complexity and reduced uniformity/connectivity act synergistically to enhance oxygen consumption capacity,highlighting the coupling between pore structure evolution and oxidation behavior in igneous metamorphic coal.This study provides theoretical insights into the pore-oxygen coupling mechanisms governing coal spontaneous combustion in igneous intrusion areas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22476054 and 51878293)。
摘要Ozone catalytic oxidation(OCO)is a promising technology for controlling malodorous pollution,effectively removing low-concentration oxygenated volatile organic compounds(OVOCs)at low temperatures.However,the catalytic performance of manganese oxides remains constrained by insufficient reactive oxygen species(ROS)and high humidity,particularly at low temperatures.To address this,a series of MMnO2catalysts were successfully prepared by introducing highly dispersed transition metals(M=Fe,Ce,Mo)into MnO2via an in-situ hydrothermal method,aiming to improve low-temperature performance.Among these catalysts,the FeMnO2catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic performance,achieving 100%conversion of 30 ppm ethyl acetate(EA)and a 92.78%mineralization rate at 70℃,along with exceptional stability and water resistance(12.8 vol.%).In situ characterization techniques have demonstrated that the introduction of Fe significantly weakens the Mn-O bond in MnO2.The formation of abundant oxygen vacancies facilitates the adsorption and activation of O3.Both 1O2and·O2-species serve as crucial ROS,promoting the effective mineralization of EA on the catalyst surface and reducing the generation of reaction intermediates.This study provides a significant foundation for the further development of catalysts targeting low-concentration OVOCs and for enhancing the practical low-temperature catalytic activity of transition metal oxides.
摘要Large graphene oxide(LGO)sheets have significant advantages over smaller ones in various applications.However,producing them by the Hummers-type oxidation of large natural graphite flakes is challenging.The inherent limiting factors are generally believed to be that large graphite flakes are both difficult to oxidize fully and prone to fragmentation during the process.By in-situ monitoring the graphite oxidation,we observed that,given sufficient time,large graphite flakes may be fully oxidized while still remaining largely intact.Graphite oxidation is governed by diffusion of the oxidizer between the layers,and is described by Fick’s law,where a high oxidizer concentration gradient increases the diffusion rate.We therefore increased the oxidizer concentration by minimizing the amount of solvent(concentrated H2SO4),achieving full oxidation of gram-scale large graphite flakes in a semi-solid state with significantly reduced reagent consumption.In addition,the reaction temperature was adjusted to balance graphite oxidation and Mn(VII)self-decomposition.Using this approach,gram-scale 200-,100-,and 50-mesh natural graphite were all fully oxidized with a significantly reduced consumption of both H2SO4 and KMnO4.A reduction in size occurs during exfoliation,yielding LGO with average sizes of 27.3,58.7,116.2μm,respectively.This study not only provides a scalable and cost-effective strategy for LGO production but also advances the understanding of Hummers-type methods.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42275126,42075109 and 22361162668).
摘要Secondary inorganic and organic aerosols(SIA and SOA)constitute the predominant components of fine particles(PM2.5).In this study,we investigated the effects of photochemical and aqueous-phase oxidation on secondary aerosol formation in Sichuan,China,during the SummerWorld University Games,2023.A Time-of-Flight Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor(ToF-ACSM)was employed for PM2.5component analysis,while the multiple linear engine(ME-2)facilitated the source apportionment of organic aerosols(OA).The average PM2.5was 13.6μg/m3,in which secondary aerosols accounted for 85.3%over the whole observation.Nitrate formation relied on both photochemical and aqueous-phase oxidation,whereas sulfate was mainly formed through photochemical oxidation.Photochemical processes significantly promoted the SOA formation,especially less oxidized oxygenated OA(LO–OOA).However,as relative humidity(RH)increased,the proportion of more oxidized oxygenated OA(MO–OOA)in SOA increased,and O/CSOArose.This indicated that photochemical oxidation primarily drove SOA formation,while aqueous-phase oxidation significantly enhanced the oxidation degree of SOA.The formation mechanism of SOA remained consistent across before,during and after the control periods,but emission control measures significantly slowed the rise in SOA levels during the control period when compared to before the control period.This study is helpful in understanding the role of photochemical and aqueous-phase oxidations on secondary aerosol formation under high Oxconditions,as well as the impact of emission control on SOA composition and evolution.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52401093)Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects(Grant No.202302AG050010)。
摘要This study investigates the morphology and oxidation behavior of thermally grown oxides(TGO) formed at the interface of NiCoCrAlYTa+7YSZ(7 wt% Y2O3-stabilized zirconia) coatings deposited by air plasma spray(APS) in air environments at1050℃,1100℃,and 1150℃.The enrichment of Ta-rich oxides beneath the TGO,along with the segregation of Y and Ta at Al2O3 grain boundaries,effectively inhibited the outward diffusion of Al.During cyclic oxidation,the outward diffusion of Al is influenced by the content of Y and Ta elements.Dense fine-striped Al2O3 formed within the BC during the APS process,acting as a diffusion barrier to inhibit the outward diffusion of Al.The internal growth oxides generated during cyclic oxidation significantly reduced the coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE) of the bond coat(BC),thereby reducing the driving force for top coat(TC) spallation and extending the service life of thermal barrier coatings(TBCs).
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Project No.2018YFB1502903).
摘要Perovskite oxides are highly promising catalysts for the combustion removal of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)due to their excellent stability,structural flexibility,and compositional versatility.This study presents a novel perovskite oxide that exhibits enhanced catalytic activity and superior durability for toluene combustion at reduced temperatures.This improvement is achieved by phosphorus doping at the B-site of LaCoO3-δ(LC)perovskite oxide,followed by post-synthesis acid etching for a proper time.The resulting catalyst demonstrates increased specific surface area,higher total pore volume,and enhanced oxygen vacancy concentration both in the bulk and on the surface.Additionally,the activity of surface lattice oxygen species is significantly improved,leading to enhanced catalytic performance in toluene combustion.Notably,the optimized catalyst shows an exceptionally low activation energy(Ea)of 49.3 kJ mol-1,with a T90 reduction of over 214℃compared to the phosphorus doped LC and 190℃compared to pristine LC.Phosphorus doping plays a main role in significantly improving the long-term durability,particularly in the presence of CO2and H2O,while acid etching boosts the catalytic activity.This work introduces a rational and innovative strategy for optimizing VOC oxidation by improving the structure and surface chemical states of perovskite catalysts.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB3712400)Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai(Grant No.21ZR1423600)+2 种基金Central Government Guides the Development of Local Science and Technology Special Fund of China(Grant No.216Z1004G)and Baosteelsupport from Ningbo Yongjiang Talent Introduction Programme(2022A-023-C)Zhejiang Phenomenological Materials Technology Co.,Ltd.,China.
摘要Severe internal oxidation formed in advanced high-strength steels(AHSSs)during the hot-rolled coiling process compromises subsequent cold rolling and galvanizing processes.Herein,we report how Sn microalloying governs internal oxidation behavior and modulates iron oxide phase transition process.Sn addition significantly reduces the depth of grain boundaries oxidation and the area of internal oxidation,as well as retards the process of oxide scale transformation.Sn preferentially segregates at the iron oxide/substrate interface,forming a diffusion barrier that suppresses outward diffusion of alloying elements and inward oxygen transport.Concurrently,Sn enrichment at grain boundaries obstructs short-circuit oxygen diffusion pathways,significantly reducing the depth of oxidation at the grain boundaries.Furthermore,Sn segregation decreases the interfacial oxygen chemical potential and oxygen availability for selective oxidation reaction.The strategic incorporation of surface-active elements has emerged as a viable metallurgical approach to reduce internal oxidation in hot-rolled coils for AHSS applications.
摘要The severe hazard of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)makes their decomposition technology a key topic research.Catalytic oxidation is an efficient and environmentally friendly strategy for removing VOCs.The metal oxide catalysts dominate VOCs oxidation reactions,owing to their cost-effectiveness,robust redox properties,tunable crystal structures,and excellent operational stability.Thus,designing high-performance metal oxide catalysts is important.This review systematically summarized the recent advances in constructing highly efficient active metal oxides,with emphasis on representative preparation method,the structure performance relationship,and the reaction mechanism of different types VOCs.Finally,the remaining challenges for creating metal oxide catalysts in practical applications are discussed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278441,22478452,21808244)。
摘要Catalytic oxidation represents a pivotal technology for the valorization of light hydrocarbons,where oxidative dehydrogenation(ODH)and epoxidation reactions using molecular oxygen have garnered substantial interest owing to their high atom economy and environmental friendliness.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the oxidative dehydrogenation of light alkanes(ethane,propane)and the aerobic epoxidation of light olefins(ethylene,propylene).In terms of rational catalyst design,this review elaborates on performance regulation strategies for metal oxide catalysts such as MoVNbTeOxmixed oxides,NiO-based,and V-based systems,as well as carbon/boron-based non-metal catalysts in alkane oxidative dehydrogenation,along with silver-based and copper-based catalysts in alkene epoxidation.These strategies include regulating the oxidation state of active sites,strong metal-support interactions,particle size and crystal facet engineering,and promoter modification.At the mechanistic level,combining density functional theory calculations with in situ characterization techniques,this review delves into the C-H bond activation and alkene desorption pathways in oxidative dehydrogenation,along with the oxygen insertion routes and competing side reactions in epoxidation.Special attention is given to the dynamic evolution of electrophilic and nucleophilic oxygen species and their decisive role in reaction selectivity.Finally,the review outlines persistent challenges in the field,including suppressing over-oxidation and overcoming the trade-off between conversion and selectivity and proposes future research directions such as the precise design of active centers,development of inherently safer processes,and in-depth analysis of complex reaction networks,aiming to support the green transition of the chemical industry.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52371110 and 52471135)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4600700)+7 种基金the Open Fund of the Microscopy Science and Technology-Songshan Lake Science City(Grant No.202401204)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2023A1515011510)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant Nos.JCYJ20220530115011026 and JCYJ20230807093410021)the Key Research and Development Project of Shanxi Province(Grant No.202302050201011)the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen(Grant Nos.JCYJ20210324120209026 and KQTD2019092917250571)the Open research fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(Grant No.2023SLABFK02)the Major Talent Programs of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2019QN01C435)the High Level of Special Funds(Grant No.G03034K003)from SUSTECH。
摘要This study elucidates the oxidation mechanisms governing Y/Hf-doped AlCoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloys(HEAs)and reveals the pivotal role of fabrication processes in dictating high-temperature oxidation behavior.We demonstrate that casting and spark plasma sintering(SPS)promote Y/Hf segregation,resulting in heterogeneous oxide formation and compromised scale stability,whereas filtered cathodic vacuum arc(FCVA)deposition yields grain-boundary-free coatings with amorphous microstructures that foster the development of continuous dense Al2O3 films.Compared to conventional MCrAlY coatings,the FCVA-fabricated HEAs exhibit a tenfold reduction in oxidation rate.Notably,Al depletion during oxidation induces a B2→FCC phase transition,accelerating Fe/Co/Ni/Cr outward diffusion and facilitating spinel formation.Although Y/Hf co-doping effectively suppresses Al diffusion via the formation of large ionic clusters,the synergy is limited by atomic size mismatch.Our findings underscore that oxidation resistance is governed not merely by reactive element content but critically by their spatial distribution and the continuity of the protective oxide layer,offering a process-informed pathway to optimize high-temperature performance of HEA-based bond coats.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22478202,22208169,U23A20125,22478203)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M721703).
摘要Peroxymonosulfate(PMS)-based Fenton-like technologies have been increasingly employed in the upgrading of biomass,but they are commonly limited by the trade-off between conversion and selectivity due to the short lifetime of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and uncontrollable oxidation pathways.Herein,we show that single-atom Co supported on carbon nitride enables the high-valent-oxo cobalt species(Co(IV)O)mediated oxidation of glucose into value-added products in acetonitrile.This photocatalytic Fenton-like system achieved an overall selectivity of gluconic acid,glucaric acid,arabinose,and formic acid up to 90.3%at glucose conversion of 69.6%,outperforming most of previously reported catalytic systems.The small amount(0.72 wt%)of single-atom Co could not only elevate the optical absorption and the efficiency of photo-generated carriers separation but also induce the efficient generation of Co(IV)O with reduced ROS to enable efficient and selective oxidation.These findings prove the great promise of high-valent metal-oxo species in biomass conversions.
基金supported by Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration-National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2024ZD1004006)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(No.202501CF070161)+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Higher Education Institutions for Serving Key Industries(No.FWCY-BSPY2024055)the Open Found of Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Reinforced Metallurgy New Technology(No.YSQH-ZD-24010)。
摘要Pyrrhotite,a gangue mineral involved in the separation of polymetallic sulfide ore,is prone to oxidation,which deteriorates the pulp environment and reduces flotation efficiency.In this study,the oxidation-corrosion characteristics of pyrrhotite were systematically investigated,revealing the influence of pulp oxygenation and pH on surface oxidation-corrosion,as well as the mechanism.Dissolved oxygen measurements and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy demonstrated that elevated pulp pH enhances the oxidation kinetics and extent.Under acidic conditions,pulp aeration intensifies Fedominated asymmetric corrosion,generating Fe-deficient/S-abundant surfaces.Conversely,pulp aeration is conducive to the selective corrosion of S under alkaline conditions,yielding Fe-abundant/S-deficient surfaces.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that enhancing the aeration intensity or raising the pH promotes the oxidation of Fe and S sites and accelerates the hydroxylation of Fe site.Supported by the surface etching analysis,the hierarchical oxidation pathways were clarified:Fe(Ⅱ)-S→Fe(Ⅲ)-S→Fe(Ⅲ)-O,S2-→S22-→Sn2-→SO42-,and Me-O→Me-OH→H2O.Scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive spectroscopy further confirmed the hierarchical oxidation and asymmetric corrosion characteristics,with corrosion becoming more pronounced as oxidation progresses.These findings elucidate the transformation of surface states and provide a theoretical foundation for understanding the reactivity of pyrrhotite during pretreatment and flotation.
摘要A sub-stoichiometric trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride/dimethyl sulfoxide-mediated cooxidation approach has been developed for the efficient oxidation of phosphines to phosphine oxides.By avoiding the use of stoichiometric oxidants or toxic reagents,this procedure provides an economical and practical route to a variety of phosphine oxides.A broad range of P(Ⅲ)-compounds are well compatible with this transformation.The mild conditions,short reaction time,and scale-up preparation enable the potential application of this method to the late-stage industrial production.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22578156 and U24A20536)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant No.23KJB530003).
摘要With the rise in demand for energy and the increasing depletion of fossil fuels,the development and research of new energy sources have been advancing speedily.Hydrogen energy has attracted particular attention due to its zero-pollution and zero-carbon emissions.However,the high energy demand of traditional water electrolysis remains a major challenge for its industrial application.The slow kinetics of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)are the major bottleneck the key constraint on hydrogen production.Therefore,replacing OER with a lower potential anodic oxidation reaction is an important strategy to reduce energy consumption.While review articles on anode substitution have proliferated in recent years,few offer a systematic examination integrating mechanistic insights,energy requirements,and economic viability.This review summarizes recent research progress on anodic OER replacement via the electrooxidation of biomass,small-molecule reagents,and pollutants.Furthermore,it emphasizes the recovery and reuse of high-value-added products from anodic replacement reactions.Finally,this review presents a comprehensive assessment of the strengths,weaknesses,and technoeconomic viability of different replacement strategies,along with a forward-looking perspective on the future development paths and key challenges in electrocatalytic hydrogen production.
摘要Electrochemical synthesis of amides from carbon-and nitrogen-containing small molecules is alluring from the view of carbon neutrality.Previous works were mainly focused on electro-reduction coupling of C-N bond to prepare amides coupled with the useless oxygen evolution reaction on the anode.But,the competing hydrogen evolution reaction is more favorable in dynamics on the cathode,severely retarding the Faradaic efficiency of the amides.Very recently,electro-oxidation construction of C-N bond via coupling the cheap C-and N-containing small molecules to achieve high energy efficiency emerges as a rising star,while the big challenge lies in preventing the sole oxidation of feedstocks.In this perspective,we highlight the recent progress in anodic electro-oxidation synthesis of amides and the potential reaction mechanism.We also discuss the application potential and the development opportunities of the electro-oxidation strategy for amides synthesis from carbon-and nitrogen-containing small molecules.
基金supported by the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-35)Doctoral Research Initiation Fee Grant Program,Guangdong Ocean University(060302042315)。
摘要This study investigated the protective effect of ferulic acid(FA) on the digestibility of oxidized beef myofibrillar protein(MP).MP were treated with varying concentrations of FA(20,40,and 80 μmol/g pro) and then exposed to oxidation.The results showed that FA inhibited carbonyl in a dose-dependent manner.Fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking studies revealed FA was bonded to MP via hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds.Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transmission electron microscope analysis indicated that FA mitigated the aggregation of oxidized MP.Peptidomic analysis showed FA protected 34.24% peptides recover from oxidation loss,and theses recovered peptide were mainly distributed in hydrophobic regions and lysine sites.In vitro digestion showed FA remarkably improved digestibility of oxidized MP(P < 0.05),with 80 μmol/g pro FA mitigating 67.85% loss in digestibility.Overall,FA effectively preserved the release of peptides by inhibiting hydrophobic aggregation and oxidation of lysine residues,thereby alleviating the decrease in digestibility of oxidized MP.