Clinacanthus nutans is valued for its medicinal properties,largely attributed to bioactive compounds such as flavonoids,polyphenols,and other secondary metabolites.These compounds accumulate differentially across tiss...Clinacanthus nutans is valued for its medicinal properties,largely attributed to bioactive compounds such as flavonoids,polyphenols,and other secondary metabolites.These compounds accumulate differentially across tissues and are influenced by environmental cues and phytohormones like methyl jasmonate(MeJA).Transcription factors play pivotal roles in mediating these responses,with the basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)gene family emerging as key regulators of hormone-and stress-responsive gene expression involved in secondary metabolism.In this study,182 bHLHs were identified in C.nutans,labeled CnbHLH001 to CnbHLH182 according to their chromosomal locations.Phylogenetic analysis grouped them into 26 subfamilies,with 10 classified as orphans.Structural characterization revealed subfamily-specific motif architectures and exon–intron structures.Gene duplication analysis indicated that segmental duplication was a major driver of CnbHLH family expansion,and expression analysis suggested both conserved and divergent expression among duplicated gene pairs.Tandemly duplicated genes such as CnbHLH044 to CnbHLH047 showed similar expression patterns.Synteny analysis showed that CnbHLHs in Acanthaceae species are more similar to each other than to genes in other species,suggesting a possible Acanthaceae-specific expansion.Furthermore,this study provides the first genome-wide analysis of CnbHLHs expression in response to abiotic stresses.Many CnbHLHs showed tissuespecific expression and responded differentially to MeJA and stress treatments.These findings provide a foundation for future research to explore the regulatory mechanisms of CnbHLHs and their potential to improve the medicinal properties of C.nutans.展开更多
The highbush blueberry(Vaccinium corymbosum),Duke,was used to construct a de novo transcriptome sequence library and to perform data statistical analysis.Mega 4,CLC Sequence Viewer 6 software,and quantitative PCR we...The highbush blueberry(Vaccinium corymbosum),Duke,was used to construct a de novo transcriptome sequence library and to perform data statistical analysis.Mega 4,CLC Sequence Viewer 6 software,and quantitative PCR were employed for bioinformatics and expression analyses of the basic helix-loop-helix(BHLH)transcription factors of the sequencing library.The results showed that 28.38 gigabytes of valid data were obtained from transcriptome sequencing and were assembled into 108 033 unigenes.Functional annotation showed that 32 244 unigenes were annotated into Clusters of Orthologous Groups(COG)and Gene Ontology(GO)databases,whereas the rest of the 75 789 unigenes had no matching information.By using COG and GO classification tools,sequences with annotation information were divided into 25 and 52 categories,respectively,which involved transport and metabolism,transcriptional regulation,and signal transduction.Analysis of the transcriptome library identified a total of 59 BHLH genes.Sequence analysis revealed that 55 genes of that contained a complete BHLH domain.Furthermore,phylogenetic analysis showed that BHLH genes of blueberry(Duke)could be divided into 13 sub-groups.PCR results showed that 45 genes were expressed at various developmental stages of buds,stems,leaves,flowers,and fruits,suggesting that the function of BHLH was associated with the development of different tissues and organs of blueberry,Duke.The present study would provided a foundation for further investigations on the classification and functions of the blueberry BHLH family.展开更多
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors regulate the differentiation of various tissues in a vast diversity of species. The bHLH protein Atonal was first identified as a proneural gene involved in the fo...Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors regulate the differentiation of various tissues in a vast diversity of species. The bHLH protein Atonal was first identified as a proneural gene involved in the formation of mechanosensory cells and photoreceptor cells in Drosophila (larman et al., 1993, 1994). Atonal is expressed in sensory organ precursors and is required and sufficient for the development of chordotonal organs (Jar- man et al., 1993). Moreover, Atonal expression is observed in the developing eye and is essential for the differentiation of R8 photoreceptors, which are the first photoreceptors that appear during development. Atonal is not involved in the formation of other photoreceptors (R1-R7) directly. However, R8 photore- ceptors recruit other photoreceptors from the surrounding cells (Jarman et al., 1994).展开更多
Basic helix−loop−helix(bHLH)domain-containing transcription factors are known for their roles in regulating various plant growth and developmental processes.Previously,we showed that MdbHLH3 from apple(Malus domestica...Basic helix−loop−helix(bHLH)domain-containing transcription factors are known for their roles in regulating various plant growth and developmental processes.Previously,we showed that MdbHLH3 from apple(Malus domestica)has multiple functions,modulating both anthocyanin biosynthesis and cell acidification.Here,we show that MdbHLH3 also regulates ethylene biosynthesis and leaf senescence by promoting the expression of dehydratase-enolasephosphatase complex 1(MdDEP1).Therefore,we propose a model whereby MdbHLH3 acts as a crucial factor that modulates anthocyanin biosynthesis and cell acidification in addition to fruit ripening and leaf senescence by regulating distinct target genes.展开更多
The basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)family of transcription factors is one of the largest and oldest transcription factor families in plants.Members of the bHLH family regulate various growth and metabolic processes in pl...The basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)family of transcription factors is one of the largest and oldest transcription factor families in plants.Members of the bHLH family regulate various growth and metabolic processes in plants.We used quantitative trait locus(QTL)mapping and transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)to identify PRE1 as a candidate bHLH transcription factor associated with root dry weight(RDW)in poplar.PRE1 was highly expressed in the roots and xylem,and was responsive to gibberellin,salicylic acid,drought,and salt stress.We cloned the PRE1 homolog from Populus simonii'Tongliao1',referred to as PsPRE1,and transformed it into 84K poplar(Populus alba×Populus glandulosa).The overexpression of PsPRE1 in 84K poplar increased adventitious root development,fresh weight,total root number,and maximum root length.Poplar lines overexpressing PsPRE1 also exhibited enhanced salt tolerance while retaining a normal growth phenotype in the presence of salt stress.Catalase(CAT)activity in the PsPRE1 overexpression lines was higher than that of the wild-type,which may play a role in detoxifying stress-induced hydrogen peroxide production.An RNA-seq analysis of the PsPRE1 overexpression line revealed several differentially expressed genes(DEGs)involved in or related to auxin-,gibberellin-,and salicylic acid pathways,which indicates that the regulation of root development in poplar by PsPRE1 may involve multiple hormones.展开更多
Genome-wide identification and comparative gene-famiy analyses have commonly been performed to investigate spedesspecif ic evolution Inked to various traits and molecular pathways.However,most previous studies have be...Genome-wide identification and comparative gene-famiy analyses have commonly been performed to investigate spedesspecif ic evolution Inked to various traits and molecular pathways.However,most previous studies have been Smited to gene screening h a single reference genome,faiing to account for the gene presence/absence variations(gPAVs)in a species.Here,we propose an innovative pangenome-based approach for gene-family analyses based on orthologous gene groups(OGGs).Usng the basic heix-bop-helix(bH_H)transcription factor family in barley as an example,we identified 161-176 bHLHs in 20 barley genomes,which can be classified into 201 OGGs.These 201 OGGs were further dassif jed into 140 core,12 softcore,29 shell,and 20 Ihe-spedfic/cloud bHLHs,reveaing the complete profile of bHLH genes in barley.Using a genome-scanning approach,we overcame the genome annotation bias and identified an average of 15 un-amotated core bHLHs per barley genome We found that whole-genome/segmental duplicates are predominant mechanisms contrixiting to the expansion of most core/softcore bHLHs,whereas dispensable bHLHs are more Ikely to result from small-scale dupication events.Interestingly,we noticed that the dispensable bHLHs tend to be enriched in the specific subfamiSes SF13,SF27,and SF28,rn plying the potentially based expansion of specific bHLHs h barley.We found that 50%of the bHLHs con tan at least 1 intact transposon element(TE)within the 2-kb upstream-to-downstream region.bHLHs with copy-number variations(CWs)have 1.48 TEs on average,sigrif icantiy more than core bhLHs without CNVs(1.36),supporting a potential role ofTEs in bHLH expansion.Analyses of selection pressure showed that dispensablebHLHs have experienced dearrelaxation of selection compared with core bHLHs,consistent with their conservation patterns.We also integrated the pangenome data with recently avaiable barley pantranscrip-tome data from 5 tissues and discovered apparent transcriptional divergence within and across bHLH sifofamiies.We conclude that pangenome-based gene-family analyses can better describe the previously untapped,genu'ne evolutionary status of bHLHs and provide novel insights into bHLH evolution in barley.We expect that this study wil inspire similar analyses in many other gene famiies and species.展开更多
Background:In adolescence,anxiety symptoms are a common mental health problem.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible chain-mediating functions of fundamental psychological needs satisfaction and self-c...Background:In adolescence,anxiety symptoms are a common mental health problem.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible chain-mediating functions of fundamental psychological needs satisfaction and self-compassion in the link between adolescent anxiety and parental psychological control.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to pick 8342 middle school pupils from the Chinese regions of Sichuan and Hebei for this cross-sectional study.Participants filled out validated measures of anxiety symptoms,self-compassion,fundamental psychological needs satisfaction,and parental psychological control.To test the suggested chain mediation model,data were examined using descriptive statistics,correlation analysis,and structural equation modeling(using Mplus).Results:Anxiety symptoms were significantly predicted by parental psychological control(β=0.192,p<0.001).This link was significantly mediated by meeting basic psychological requirements(β=0.136,95%CI[0.116,0.156]),which accounted for 36.86%of the total effect.A significant chain mediation pathway was found(β=0.040,95%CI[0.025,0.055]),suggesting that parental psychological control increased anxiety by first undermining basic psychological needs,which in turn decreased self-compassion,even though self-compassion did not directly mediate the relationship.Conclusion:This study demonstrates that adolescent anxiety is directly predicted by parental psychological control and,more importantly,that this control is exerted through a major chain mediation pathway:by weakening basic psychological needs,which in turn diminishes self-compassion and exacerbates anxiety symptoms.展开更多
China’s poverty alleviation and elimination campaign(PAEC,2015-2021)aimed to eliminate absolute poverty and reduce social inequality,making improvements in the accessibility and equity of basic educational facilities...China’s poverty alleviation and elimination campaign(PAEC,2015-2021)aimed to eliminate absolute poverty and reduce social inequality,making improvements in the accessibility and equity of basic educational facilities a key component.However,existing research on the accessibility of educational facilities in China has predomi nantly focused on developed urban areas or specific regions,lacking nationwide spatiotemporal assessments.To address this gap,this study systematically evaluates the accessibility and equity of basic educational facilities(kindergartens,primary,and secondary schools)across mainland of China during the PAEC.Travel time cost,derived using multi-source geospatial datasets and the nearest neighbor method,was adopted as the primary indicator for assessing educational accessibility and equity.The results revealed pronounced disparities in ac cessibility between Eastern and Western China.Overall,both the accessibility and equity of basic educational facilities improved substantially during the campaign,with the average travel time per person reducing by ap proximately 50%.Notably,the rate of improvement in impoverished regions was nearly double that observed in non-impoverished areas.Although widespread improvements in educational equity have occurred,the urban rural disparity persists as a primary barrier to achieving comprehensive educational fairness.This study offers empirical evidence and methodological innovations for optimizing educational resource allocation and provides high-resolution temporal data to support the monitoring and evaluation of progress toward the Sustainable De velopment Goals in education.展开更多
Welcome to the special issue entitled AI-driven comprehensive cancer therapy:Strategy construction,basic and translational research at the Chinese Journal of Cancer Research.Artificial intelligence(AI)is systematicall...Welcome to the special issue entitled AI-driven comprehensive cancer therapy:Strategy construction,basic and translational research at the Chinese Journal of Cancer Research.Artificial intelligence(AI)is systematically revolutionizing comprehensive cancer treatment strategies,driving breakthroughs in diagnosis and treatment models at multiple levels.展开更多
Basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factors play an important role in a wide range of metabolic and developmental processes in eukaryotes,and bHLH proteins also participate in immune responses,especially in plan...Basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factors play an important role in a wide range of metabolic and developmental processes in eukaryotes,and bHLH proteins also participate in immune responses,especially in plants.However,their roles in insects upon entomopathogen infection are unknown.In this study,54 bHLH genes in 41 families were identified in a polyphagous pest,Spodoptera litura,including a new bHLH gene in group B,which is specifically present in Lepidoptera and was thus named Lep.The conserved amino acids in the bHLH domain,structural architecture,and chromosomal distribution of bHLH genes in S.litura were analyzed.The bHLH genes in Plutella xylostella and Apis mellifera were also updated,and genome-wide comparison and phylogenetic analysis of bHLH members in 5 holometabolous insects were performed.The expression profiles of S.litura bHLH(SlbHLH)genes in 3 tissues at different developmental stages and their responses to S.litura nucleopolyhedrovirus(SpltNPV),Nomuraea rileyi(Nr),and Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)infection were investigated.More SlbHLHs in group B were expressed and differentially expressed during pathogen infections,and SlbHLHs tended to be downregulated in the midgut of S.litura larvae after B.thuringiensis treatment.Our study provides an overview of bHLH family members in S.litura and their responses to different pathogens used for pest biocontrol.These findings on bHLH members may contribute to uncovering the mechanism of host-pathogen interaction.展开更多
This study investigates the application of the Ni2La1bimetallic basic carbonate catalyst in ozone decomposition,which demonstrates excellent catalytic activity under both low-humidity and high-humidity condition...This study investigates the application of the Ni2La1bimetallic basic carbonate catalyst in ozone decomposition,which demonstrates excellent catalytic activity under both low-humidity and high-humidity conditions(90%relative humidity).The catalyst was synthesized via a co-precipitation method,with the Ni/La molar ratio(Ni:La=2:1)optimized to enhance its structural and functional properties.This optimization endowed the Ni2La1catalyst with a more developed layered structure,providing an increased number of surface active sites,which significantly improved its catalytic activity and stability.The results indicate that the Ni2La1catalyst achieves an ozone decomposition conversion efficiency exceeding 90%under high-humidity conditions and maintains stable catalytic performance over a continuous operation period of 48 h.Mechanistic studies further reveal that tribridged hydroxyl groups serve as the primary active sites and play a crucial role in the ozone decomposition reaction.Additionally,the Ni2La1catalyst exhibits a unique hydroxyl regeneration mechanism,where strong interactions with water molecules facilitate the continuous regeneration of tribridged hydroxyl groups,thereby ensuring stability and sustained catalytic activity in humid environments.This research provides a new pathway for the application of Ni-La bimetallic basic carbonate catalysts in environmental catalysis and green chemical reactions.In particular,it offers robust theoretical support and practical insights for ozone mitigation technologies under high-humidity conditions.展开更多
Spinal cord injury is accompanied by a substantial loss of neurons.Cell replacement therapy improves motor and sensory dysfunction by replacing dead neurons,and endogenous neurogenesis is an important cell replacement...Spinal cord injury is accompanied by a substantial loss of neurons.Cell replacement therapy improves motor and sensory dysfunction by replacing dead neurons,and endogenous neurogenesis is an important cell replacement source.Stimulating endogenous neurogenesis is therefore a viable approach for treating spinal cord injury.Given that basic fibroblast growth factor is a potent inducer of neurogenesis,we developed a sustained-release system of basic fibroblast growth factor-chitosan to enhance tissue repair in spinal cord injury.In the present study,we isolated neural stem cells from the spinal cords of neonatal rats and used single-cell RNA sequencing to trace the complete process of neurogenesis under ex vivo culture conditions.Under the influence of basic fibroblast growth factor-chitosan,neural stem cells were able to transition from a quiescent state to an activated state and subsequently differentiate into neuronal precursor cells and immature neurons.Additionally,basic fibroblast growth factor-chitosan significantly enhanced neural stem cell proliferation in vitro and promoted neuronal generation.Subsequent in vivo experiments confirmed the therapeutic efficacy of basic fibroblast growth factor-chitosan in spinal cord injury,demonstrating enhanced neurogenesis and tissue repair.展开更多
Based on self-determination theory,this study examined how basic psychological need satisfaction influenced job search intensity among Chinese graduating college students.A two-wave longitudinal survey was conducted w...Based on self-determination theory,this study examined how basic psychological need satisfaction influenced job search intensity among Chinese graduating college students.A two-wave longitudinal survey was conducted with a sample of 244 graduating students(50.4%female;mean age=21.44 years,SD=0.85).Data were collected using the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale,the Goal Orientation Scale,the College Students’Job Search Stress Scale,and the Job Search Behavior Scale.The results showed that higher basic psychological need satisfaction predicted greater job search intensity,and this relationship was partially mediated by stronger mastery goal orientation.However,the positive association was weakened under conditions of high job search stress.These findings highlight the interplay between internal motivation and external stress in shaping job search behavior,extending our understanding of the drivers of job-searching efforts and offering practical implications for supporting students during the transition to employment.展开更多
Humanity is entering a digital society,and transportation systems are undergoing a phase of transformation.This paper summarizes the developmental trajectory of transportation,analyzes the necessity of researching the...Humanity is entering a digital society,and transportation systems are undergoing a phase of transformation.This paper summarizes the developmental trajectory of transportation,analyzes the necessity of researching the basic theories of digital transportation,and proposes a preliminary definition of digital transportation from perspectives including productivity,production relations,transportation scope,traffic scope,management approach,system composition.It describes core characteristics and identifies key research directions for future focus,aiming to stimulate academic discourse and advance basic theoretical research in this field.展开更多
While fears of AI-driven unemployment persist,technological efficiencies also offer unprecedented opportunities to redefine social safety nets.This study introduces a design framework of Time Token(TT)platforms that l...While fears of AI-driven unemployment persist,technological efficiencies also offer unprecedented opportunities to redefine social safety nets.This study introduces a design framework of Time Token(TT)platforms that leverage AI-enabled efficiencies and token incentives to implement mobility services as Universal Basic Services(UBS),addressing the core challenges of cost efficiency and sustainable funding.Utilizing empirical datasets from PAIR's proprietary mobility data platforms,we present two data-driven case studies of TT platforms:the taxi TT platform has successfully deployed TT to address incentive problems for taxi drivers taking short-distance airport trips;the bus TT platform further integrates the usage of TT and Mobility Token(MT)for self-sustaining revenue generation and equitable resource allocation,as well as leveraging AI-driven efficiency measures to deliver public bus services at a fraction of current costs.Finally,we urge policy-makers to expand current TT pilots and fund systematic research into interconnected token systems across the five core UBS domains.展开更多
Basic research is the source of the entire scientific system and the driving force behind all technological advancements.Strengthening basic research is an urgent requirement for achieving high-level self-reliance and...Basic research is the source of the entire scientific system and the driving force behind all technological advancements.Strengthening basic research is an urgent requirement for achieving high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology,and it is the only path to building a world-class scientific and technological powerhouse.National laboratories are the core strategic force for basic research in China,serving as the main body and backbone network for systematic basic research.The publishing experience of Petroleum Exploration and Development demonstrates that the journal's high-quality development and steadily growing influence are inseparable from the continuous output of original basic research results from laboratories at all levels,including national,corporate,and university-affliated institutions,as well as the publication of a series of high-level academic papers.展开更多
基金supported by the Fund of Fujian Key Laboratory of Island Monitoring and Ecological Development(Island Research Center,MNR)(2022ZD06)the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(CXZX2019144G,CXZX2020086A)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970333 and 32100168)the Basic Discipline Research Enhancement Program of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(XJC2023008)Construction Funds for Cross-disciplinary Synthetic Biology at the Institute of Future Technology,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(133-712023010)the Scientific Research Start-up Fund of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Yuan Qin).
摘要Clinacanthus nutans is valued for its medicinal properties,largely attributed to bioactive compounds such as flavonoids,polyphenols,and other secondary metabolites.These compounds accumulate differentially across tissues and are influenced by environmental cues and phytohormones like methyl jasmonate(MeJA).Transcription factors play pivotal roles in mediating these responses,with the basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)gene family emerging as key regulators of hormone-and stress-responsive gene expression involved in secondary metabolism.In this study,182 bHLHs were identified in C.nutans,labeled CnbHLH001 to CnbHLH182 according to their chromosomal locations.Phylogenetic analysis grouped them into 26 subfamilies,with 10 classified as orphans.Structural characterization revealed subfamily-specific motif architectures and exon–intron structures.Gene duplication analysis indicated that segmental duplication was a major driver of CnbHLH family expansion,and expression analysis suggested both conserved and divergent expression among duplicated gene pairs.Tandemly duplicated genes such as CnbHLH044 to CnbHLH047 showed similar expression patterns.Synteny analysis showed that CnbHLHs in Acanthaceae species are more similar to each other than to genes in other species,suggesting a possible Acanthaceae-specific expansion.Furthermore,this study provides the first genome-wide analysis of CnbHLHs expression in response to abiotic stresses.Many CnbHLHs showed tissuespecific expression and responded differentially to MeJA and stress treatments.These findings provide a foundation for future research to explore the regulatory mechanisms of CnbHLHs and their potential to improve the medicinal properties of C.nutans.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301754)the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences-Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (CAAS-ASTIP)the Cultivation Plan for Youth Agricultural Science and Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province, China (2015059)
摘要The highbush blueberry(Vaccinium corymbosum),Duke,was used to construct a de novo transcriptome sequence library and to perform data statistical analysis.Mega 4,CLC Sequence Viewer 6 software,and quantitative PCR were employed for bioinformatics and expression analyses of the basic helix-loop-helix(BHLH)transcription factors of the sequencing library.The results showed that 28.38 gigabytes of valid data were obtained from transcriptome sequencing and were assembled into 108 033 unigenes.Functional annotation showed that 32 244 unigenes were annotated into Clusters of Orthologous Groups(COG)and Gene Ontology(GO)databases,whereas the rest of the 75 789 unigenes had no matching information.By using COG and GO classification tools,sequences with annotation information were divided into 25 and 52 categories,respectively,which involved transport and metabolism,transcriptional regulation,and signal transduction.Analysis of the transcriptome library identified a total of 59 BHLH genes.Sequence analysis revealed that 55 genes of that contained a complete BHLH domain.Furthermore,phylogenetic analysis showed that BHLH genes of blueberry(Duke)could be divided into 13 sub-groups.PCR results showed that 45 genes were expressed at various developmental stages of buds,stems,leaves,flowers,and fruits,suggesting that the function of BHLH was associated with the development of different tissues and organs of blueberry,Duke.The present study would provided a foundation for further investigations on the classification and functions of the blueberry BHLH family.
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology in Japan and Naito Foundation to TCthe Japan Society for the Promotion of Science to MO and TC
摘要Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors regulate the differentiation of various tissues in a vast diversity of species. The bHLH protein Atonal was first identified as a proneural gene involved in the formation of mechanosensory cells and photoreceptor cells in Drosophila (larman et al., 1993, 1994). Atonal is expressed in sensory organ precursors and is required and sufficient for the development of chordotonal organs (Jar- man et al., 1993). Moreover, Atonal expression is observed in the developing eye and is essential for the differentiation of R8 photoreceptors, which are the first photoreceptors that appear during development. Atonal is not involved in the formation of other photoreceptors (R1-R7) directly. However, R8 photore- ceptors recruit other photoreceptors from the surrounding cells (Jarman et al., 1994).
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD1000200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972375)+2 种基金the Ministry of Agriculture of China(CARS-28)Shandong Province(SDAIT-06-03)Nanjing Agricultural University(ZW201805).
摘要Basic helix−loop−helix(bHLH)domain-containing transcription factors are known for their roles in regulating various plant growth and developmental processes.Previously,we showed that MdbHLH3 from apple(Malus domestica)has multiple functions,modulating both anthocyanin biosynthesis and cell acidification.Here,we show that MdbHLH3 also regulates ethylene biosynthesis and leaf senescence by promoting the expression of dehydratase-enolasephosphatase complex 1(MdDEP1).Therefore,we propose a model whereby MdbHLH3 acts as a crucial factor that modulates anthocyanin biosynthesis and cell acidification in addition to fruit ripening and leaf senescence by regulating distinct target genes.
基金supported by the Major Project of Agricultural Biological Breeding(2022ZD0401501)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD2200201)the National Natural Science Foundation(32071797).
摘要The basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)family of transcription factors is one of the largest and oldest transcription factor families in plants.Members of the bHLH family regulate various growth and metabolic processes in plants.We used quantitative trait locus(QTL)mapping and transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)to identify PRE1 as a candidate bHLH transcription factor associated with root dry weight(RDW)in poplar.PRE1 was highly expressed in the roots and xylem,and was responsive to gibberellin,salicylic acid,drought,and salt stress.We cloned the PRE1 homolog from Populus simonii'Tongliao1',referred to as PsPRE1,and transformed it into 84K poplar(Populus alba×Populus glandulosa).The overexpression of PsPRE1 in 84K poplar increased adventitious root development,fresh weight,total root number,and maximum root length.Poplar lines overexpressing PsPRE1 also exhibited enhanced salt tolerance while retaining a normal growth phenotype in the presence of salt stress.Catalase(CAT)activity in the PsPRE1 overexpression lines was higher than that of the wild-type,which may play a role in detoxifying stress-induced hydrogen peroxide production.An RNA-seq analysis of the PsPRE1 overexpression line revealed several differentially expressed genes(DEGs)involved in or related to auxin-,gibberellin-,and salicylic acid pathways,which indicates that the regulation of root development in poplar by PsPRE1 may involve multiple hormones.
基金supported by the Australia Grain Research and Development Corporation(9176507).
摘要Genome-wide identification and comparative gene-famiy analyses have commonly been performed to investigate spedesspecif ic evolution Inked to various traits and molecular pathways.However,most previous studies have been Smited to gene screening h a single reference genome,faiing to account for the gene presence/absence variations(gPAVs)in a species.Here,we propose an innovative pangenome-based approach for gene-family analyses based on orthologous gene groups(OGGs).Usng the basic heix-bop-helix(bH_H)transcription factor family in barley as an example,we identified 161-176 bHLHs in 20 barley genomes,which can be classified into 201 OGGs.These 201 OGGs were further dassif jed into 140 core,12 softcore,29 shell,and 20 Ihe-spedfic/cloud bHLHs,reveaing the complete profile of bHLH genes in barley.Using a genome-scanning approach,we overcame the genome annotation bias and identified an average of 15 un-amotated core bHLHs per barley genome We found that whole-genome/segmental duplicates are predominant mechanisms contrixiting to the expansion of most core/softcore bHLHs,whereas dispensable bHLHs are more Ikely to result from small-scale dupication events.Interestingly,we noticed that the dispensable bHLHs tend to be enriched in the specific subfamiSes SF13,SF27,and SF28,rn plying the potentially based expansion of specific bHLHs h barley.We found that 50%of the bHLHs con tan at least 1 intact transposon element(TE)within the 2-kb upstream-to-downstream region.bHLHs with copy-number variations(CWs)have 1.48 TEs on average,sigrif icantiy more than core bhLHs without CNVs(1.36),supporting a potential role ofTEs in bHLH expansion.Analyses of selection pressure showed that dispensablebHLHs have experienced dearrelaxation of selection compared with core bHLHs,consistent with their conservation patterns.We also integrated the pangenome data with recently avaiable barley pantranscrip-tome data from 5 tissues and discovered apparent transcriptional divergence within and across bHLH sifofamiies.We conclude that pangenome-based gene-family analyses can better describe the previously untapped,genu'ne evolutionary status of bHLHs and provide novel insights into bHLH evolution in barley.We expect that this study wil inspire similar analyses in many other gene famiies and species.
基金supported by the Chongqing Education Science Planning 2023 Key Project“Research on the Construction of Psychological Crisis Warning System and Precise Intervention in Primary and Secondary Schools”(K23YB2020021).
摘要Background:In adolescence,anxiety symptoms are a common mental health problem.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible chain-mediating functions of fundamental psychological needs satisfaction and self-compassion in the link between adolescent anxiety and parental psychological control.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to pick 8342 middle school pupils from the Chinese regions of Sichuan and Hebei for this cross-sectional study.Participants filled out validated measures of anxiety symptoms,self-compassion,fundamental psychological needs satisfaction,and parental psychological control.To test the suggested chain mediation model,data were examined using descriptive statistics,correlation analysis,and structural equation modeling(using Mplus).Results:Anxiety symptoms were significantly predicted by parental psychological control(β=0.192,p<0.001).This link was significantly mediated by meeting basic psychological requirements(β=0.136,95%CI[0.116,0.156]),which accounted for 36.86%of the total effect.A significant chain mediation pathway was found(β=0.040,95%CI[0.025,0.055]),suggesting that parental psychological control increased anxiety by first undermining basic psychological needs,which in turn decreased self-compassion,even though self-compassion did not directly mediate the relationship.Conclusion:This study demonstrates that adolescent anxiety is directly predicted by parental psychological control and,more importantly,that this control is exerted through a major chain mediation pathway:by weakening basic psychological needs,which in turn diminishes self-compassion and exacerbates anxiety symptoms.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB0740000)the Key Project of Innovation LREIS(Grant No.KPI009).
摘要China’s poverty alleviation and elimination campaign(PAEC,2015-2021)aimed to eliminate absolute poverty and reduce social inequality,making improvements in the accessibility and equity of basic educational facilities a key component.However,existing research on the accessibility of educational facilities in China has predomi nantly focused on developed urban areas or specific regions,lacking nationwide spatiotemporal assessments.To address this gap,this study systematically evaluates the accessibility and equity of basic educational facilities(kindergartens,primary,and secondary schools)across mainland of China during the PAEC.Travel time cost,derived using multi-source geospatial datasets and the nearest neighbor method,was adopted as the primary indicator for assessing educational accessibility and equity.The results revealed pronounced disparities in ac cessibility between Eastern and Western China.Overall,both the accessibility and equity of basic educational facilities improved substantially during the campaign,with the average travel time per person reducing by ap proximately 50%.Notably,the rate of improvement in impoverished regions was nearly double that observed in non-impoverished areas.Although widespread improvements in educational equity have occurred,the urban rural disparity persists as a primary barrier to achieving comprehensive educational fairness.This study offers empirical evidence and methodological innovations for optimizing educational resource allocation and provides high-resolution temporal data to support the monitoring and evaluation of progress toward the Sustainable De velopment Goals in education.
摘要Welcome to the special issue entitled AI-driven comprehensive cancer therapy:Strategy construction,basic and translational research at the Chinese Journal of Cancer Research.Artificial intelligence(AI)is systematically revolutionizing comprehensive cancer treatment strategies,driving breakthroughs in diagnosis and treatment models at multiple levels.
基金This research was funded by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(No,2019YFD1002100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31901941 and No.31970474)+1 种基金Natural Science Foun-dation of Guangdong Province(No.202102020966)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M682752).The authors are grateful for the generous gift of S.litura nucleopolyhedrovirus(SpItNPV)from Professor Kai Yang at Sun Yat-Sen University,Nomuruea rileyi(Nr06)from Professor Xusheng Liu at Central China Normal University,and Bacillus thuringiensis(WB9)from Professor Xiong Guan at Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University.
摘要Basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factors play an important role in a wide range of metabolic and developmental processes in eukaryotes,and bHLH proteins also participate in immune responses,especially in plants.However,their roles in insects upon entomopathogen infection are unknown.In this study,54 bHLH genes in 41 families were identified in a polyphagous pest,Spodoptera litura,including a new bHLH gene in group B,which is specifically present in Lepidoptera and was thus named Lep.The conserved amino acids in the bHLH domain,structural architecture,and chromosomal distribution of bHLH genes in S.litura were analyzed.The bHLH genes in Plutella xylostella and Apis mellifera were also updated,and genome-wide comparison and phylogenetic analysis of bHLH members in 5 holometabolous insects were performed.The expression profiles of S.litura bHLH(SlbHLH)genes in 3 tissues at different developmental stages and their responses to S.litura nucleopolyhedrovirus(SpltNPV),Nomuraea rileyi(Nr),and Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)infection were investigated.More SlbHLHs in group B were expressed and differentially expressed during pathogen infections,and SlbHLHs tended to be downregulated in the midgut of S.litura larvae after B.thuringiensis treatment.Our study provides an overview of bHLH family members in S.litura and their responses to different pathogens used for pest biocontrol.These findings on bHLH members may contribute to uncovering the mechanism of host-pathogen interaction.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Yunnan Province(No.202401AT070364)the Young Talents Specialized in the“Xing Dian Talents Support Program”,the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3901604)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52370113 and 22266019)Yunnan Key Laboratory of Phosphogypsum Recycling and Ecological Utilization(No.202449CE340028).
摘要This study investigates the application of the Ni2La1bimetallic basic carbonate catalyst in ozone decomposition,which demonstrates excellent catalytic activity under both low-humidity and high-humidity conditions(90%relative humidity).The catalyst was synthesized via a co-precipitation method,with the Ni/La molar ratio(Ni:La=2:1)optimized to enhance its structural and functional properties.This optimization endowed the Ni2La1catalyst with a more developed layered structure,providing an increased number of surface active sites,which significantly improved its catalytic activity and stability.The results indicate that the Ni2La1catalyst achieves an ozone decomposition conversion efficiency exceeding 90%under high-humidity conditions and maintains stable catalytic performance over a continuous operation period of 48 h.Mechanistic studies further reveal that tribridged hydroxyl groups serve as the primary active sites and play a crucial role in the ozone decomposition reaction.Additionally,the Ni2La1catalyst exhibits a unique hydroxyl regeneration mechanism,where strong interactions with water molecules facilitate the continuous regeneration of tribridged hydroxyl groups,thereby ensuring stability and sustained catalytic activity in humid environments.This research provides a new pathway for the application of Ni-La bimetallic basic carbonate catalysts in environmental catalysis and green chemical reactions.In particular,it offers robust theoretical support and practical insights for ozone mitigation technologies under high-humidity conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82271403(to XL),82272171(to ZY),31730030(to XL),81941011(to XL),31971279(to ZY)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,No.7222004(to HD).
摘要Spinal cord injury is accompanied by a substantial loss of neurons.Cell replacement therapy improves motor and sensory dysfunction by replacing dead neurons,and endogenous neurogenesis is an important cell replacement source.Stimulating endogenous neurogenesis is therefore a viable approach for treating spinal cord injury.Given that basic fibroblast growth factor is a potent inducer of neurogenesis,we developed a sustained-release system of basic fibroblast growth factor-chitosan to enhance tissue repair in spinal cord injury.In the present study,we isolated neural stem cells from the spinal cords of neonatal rats and used single-cell RNA sequencing to trace the complete process of neurogenesis under ex vivo culture conditions.Under the influence of basic fibroblast growth factor-chitosan,neural stem cells were able to transition from a quiescent state to an activated state and subsequently differentiate into neuronal precursor cells and immature neurons.Additionally,basic fibroblast growth factor-chitosan significantly enhanced neural stem cell proliferation in vitro and promoted neuronal generation.Subsequent in vivo experiments confirmed the therapeutic efficacy of basic fibroblast growth factor-chitosan in spinal cord injury,demonstrating enhanced neurogenesis and tissue repair.
基金funded by the 2021 General Project of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.21YJA880056)the 2022 Joint Discipline Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning of Guangdong Province(Grant No.GD22XJY09).
摘要Based on self-determination theory,this study examined how basic psychological need satisfaction influenced job search intensity among Chinese graduating college students.A two-wave longitudinal survey was conducted with a sample of 244 graduating students(50.4%female;mean age=21.44 years,SD=0.85).Data were collected using the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale,the Goal Orientation Scale,the College Students’Job Search Stress Scale,and the Job Search Behavior Scale.The results showed that higher basic psychological need satisfaction predicted greater job search intensity,and this relationship was partially mediated by stronger mastery goal orientation.However,the positive association was weakened under conditions of high job search stress.These findings highlight the interplay between internal motivation and external stress in shaping job search behavior,extending our understanding of the drivers of job-searching efforts and offering practical implications for supporting students during the transition to employment.
摘要Humanity is entering a digital society,and transportation systems are undergoing a phase of transformation.This paper summarizes the developmental trajectory of transportation,analyzes the necessity of researching the basic theories of digital transportation,and proposes a preliminary definition of digital transportation from perspectives including productivity,production relations,transportation scope,traffic scope,management approach,system composition.It describes core characteristics and identifies key research directions for future focus,aiming to stimulate academic discourse and advance basic theoretical research in this field.
摘要While fears of AI-driven unemployment persist,technological efficiencies also offer unprecedented opportunities to redefine social safety nets.This study introduces a design framework of Time Token(TT)platforms that leverage AI-enabled efficiencies and token incentives to implement mobility services as Universal Basic Services(UBS),addressing the core challenges of cost efficiency and sustainable funding.Utilizing empirical datasets from PAIR's proprietary mobility data platforms,we present two data-driven case studies of TT platforms:the taxi TT platform has successfully deployed TT to address incentive problems for taxi drivers taking short-distance airport trips;the bus TT platform further integrates the usage of TT and Mobility Token(MT)for self-sustaining revenue generation and equitable resource allocation,as well as leveraging AI-driven efficiency measures to deliver public bus services at a fraction of current costs.Finally,we urge policy-makers to expand current TT pilots and fund systematic research into interconnected token systems across the five core UBS domains.
摘要Basic research is the source of the entire scientific system and the driving force behind all technological advancements.Strengthening basic research is an urgent requirement for achieving high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology,and it is the only path to building a world-class scientific and technological powerhouse.National laboratories are the core strategic force for basic research in China,serving as the main body and backbone network for systematic basic research.The publishing experience of Petroleum Exploration and Development demonstrates that the journal's high-quality development and steadily growing influence are inseparable from the continuous output of original basic research results from laboratories at all levels,including national,corporate,and university-affliated institutions,as well as the publication of a series of high-level academic papers.