Biomaterials for restoration or replacement of diseased tissues may have any origin.The major characteristic for biomaterials is biocompatibility.All biomaterials,used in medicine (dentistry,in particular),interreact ...Biomaterials for restoration or replacement of diseased tissues may have any origin.The major characteristic for biomaterials is biocompatibility.All biomaterials,used in medicine (dentistry,in particular),interreact with the organism tissues.And the changes occur both in the materials and the organism tissues.It is considered that there are no "inert biomaterials." The number of allergic diseases and complications is constantly growing all over the world,taking an important place in the structure of infectious and noninfectious pathology[1].Pollen,household,epidermal,and food-borne allergens,and haptens are the most frequent sources of sensibilization.展开更多
BACKGROUND T helper 17(Th17)cell infiltration and interleukin(IL)-17 secretion in intrahepatic small bile ducts is a critical driver of immune-mediated injury in primary biliary cholangitis(PBC).IL-6 is an essential u...BACKGROUND T helper 17(Th17)cell infiltration and interleukin(IL)-17 secretion in intrahepatic small bile ducts is a critical driver of immune-mediated injury in primary biliary cholangitis(PBC).IL-6 is an essential upstream activator of Th17 cells.Basophilderived IL-6 promotes the differentiation of CD4+T cells and Th1 cells into Th17 cells,thereby regulating their immunological functions.AIM To investigate the activation status and cytokine expression of basophils in PBC,elucidating potential mechanisms through which basophils contribute to its pathogenesis.METHODS This single-center retrospective case-control study conducted at Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Hospital(China)between September 2019 and August 2024 enrolled 65 consecutive treatment-naïve patients with PBC(PBC group),65 age-and sex-matched patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB group),and 65 healthy controls(Normal group).Fourteen participants per group(subgroup)were randomly selected for flow cytometry analysis of basophil proportion,activation markers(CD203c and CD62 L mean fluorescence intensity),IL-6-positive basophils(IL-6+basophils as a percentage of total basophils),and IL-17-positive T lymphocytes(CD3+CD4+IL-17+cells)proportion among T cells.Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and χ2 tests as appropriate.RESULTS Routine blood tests revealed significantly higher basophil counts and proportions in the PBC group compared to the CHB and Normal groups(P<0.001 for both comparisons),with no significant differences between the CHB and Normal groups(P=0.201).Flow cytometry revealed a higher basophil proportion in the PBC subgroup compared to the CHB(P=0.011)and Normal subgroups(P<0.001).The mean fluorescence intensity of CD203c on basophil surfaces was elevated in the PBC subgroup compared to the CHB(P=0.032)and Normal subgroups(P=0.039).The proportion of IL-6+basophils was significantly higher in the PBC subgroup than in the CHB(P<0.01)and Normal subgroups(P<0.001).Similarly,the Th17 cell proportion was markedly elevated in the PBC compared to the CHB(P<0.001)and Normal subgroups(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Patients with PBC have increased peripheral basophil counts with enhanced activation.Activated basophils have increased IL-6 expression,which may indirectly induce Th17 cell proliferation and contribute to PBC pathogenesis.展开更多
Using two-colour flow cytometry>200 antibodies submitted to the 8th International Workshop of Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens(HLDA8)have been analyzed for their reactivity with resting and activated CD2...Using two-colour flow cytometry>200 antibodies submitted to the 8th International Workshop of Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens(HLDA8)have been analyzed for their reactivity with resting and activated CD203c+basophils.Four antibodies either non-reactive or weakly reactive with resting basophils exhibited an increased reactivity with basophils activated by anti-IgE-mediated cross-linking of the high affinity IgE receptor(FcεRI).These include antibod-ies against CD164(WS-80160,clone N6B6 and WS-80162,clone 67D2),as well as two reagents with previously unknown specificities that were identified as CD13(WS-80274,clone A8)and CD107a(WS-80280,clone E63-880).The activation patterns followed either the“CD203c-like”or“CD63-like”activation profile.The CD203c profile is characterized by a rapid and significant upregulation(of CD13,CD164,and CD203c),reaching maximum levels after 5-15 min of stimulation.The phosphoinositide-3-kinase(PI3K)-specific inhibitor wortmannin inhibited the upregulation of these markers whereas 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate(TPA)induced a rapid and FcεRI-independent upregulation within 1-2 min.In the CD63 profile,maximum upregulation(of CD63 and CD107a)was detected only after 20-40 min,and upregulation by TPA reached maximum levels after 60 min.In summary,our data identify CD13,CD107a,and CD164 as novel basophil-activation antigens.Based on time kinetics of upregulation,we hypothesize that molecules of the“CD203c group”and the“CD63 group”are linked to two different mechanisms of basophil activation.展开更多
Basophils,which are considered as redundant relatives of mast cells and the rarest granulocytes in peripheral circulation,have been neglected by researchers in the past decades.Previous studies have revealed their vit...Basophils,which are considered as redundant relatives of mast cells and the rarest granulocytes in peripheral circulation,have been neglected by researchers in the past decades.Previous studies have revealed their vital roles in allergic diseases and parasitic infections.Intriguingly,recent studies even reported that basophils might be associated with cancer development,as activated basophils synthesize and release a variety of cytokines and chemokines in response to cancers.However,it is still subject to debate whether basophils function as tumor-protecting or tumor-promoting components;the answer may depend on the tumor biology and the microenvironment.Herein,we reviewed the role of basophils in cancers,and highlighted some potential and promising therapeutic strategies.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the mechanism of which brimonidine tartrate 0.15%causes clinical hypersensitivity.METHODS:A prospective case-control study comparing 8 glaucoma patients with clinical hypersensitivity to brimonidine to...AIM:To evaluate the mechanism of which brimonidine tartrate 0.15%causes clinical hypersensitivity.METHODS:A prospective case-control study comparing 8 glaucoma patients with clinical hypersensitivity to brimonidine to a control group consisting 13 healthy volunteers.Blood samples were stimulated with brimonidine 0.15%,timolol 0.5%or brimonidine tartrateimolol maleate 0.2%/0.5%.Premixed antibodies(CD63/FITC and aIgE/PE)were added for direct staining and whole-blood samples were lysed,fixed and analyzed by a flow cytometer.The basophil population was defined by high IgE cell expression.Degranulation was identified by the expression of the activation molecule CD63.RESULTS:Basophil activation was not significant when comparing percent of activated basophils of patients and healthy controls after exposure to brimonidine(2.58%,2.45%,respectively,P=0.72).There was a significant suppression of basophil activation when a combination of brimonidine-timolol(0.87%)was compared to timolol(2.27%;P=0.012)and to brimonidine alone(2.58%;P=0.017).CONCLUSION:The results of our study do not support the hypothesis that brimonidine induces an immediate allergic reaction.Basophil activation was suppressed by the presence ofβ-blockers in patients hypersensitive to brimonidine and in healthy individuals.This finding indicates that timolol suppress brimonidine drug reaction by a different mechanism.展开更多
Jujube contains abundant cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and the ultrasonic-assisted pectinase extraction(UAPE)conditions for obtaining the maximum cAMP yield from jujube were optimized.Orthogonal array design was...Jujube contains abundant cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and the ultrasonic-assisted pectinase extraction(UAPE)conditions for obtaining the maximum cAMP yield from jujube were optimized.Orthogonal array design was applied to evaluate the effects of 4 variables by UAPE on cAMP yield.The results showed that the optimal cAMP yield(783.0μg/g)was derived at ratio of liquid to solid 5 mL/g,ratio of pectinase to raw material 1.5%,time 60 min and temperature 40℃.Moreover,the effect of cAMP on the anti-allergic function of action induced by immunoglobulin E(IgE)and its meschanism was investigated through establishing the sensitized cell model in rat basophilic leukemia(RBL-2 H3)cells using dinitrophenylated(DNP)-bovine serum albumin(BSA)-IgE.The results showed that cAMP interfered with sensitized cells,effectively inhibited the occurrence of basophil degranulation in dose dependence,and significantly reduced the activity ofβ-hexosamindase(β-hex),at the optimal concentration of 50μg/mL.The level of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10(IL-10)was promoted and the content of pro-inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)was suppressed by cAMP.In addition,influx of intracellular Ca2+ was repressed effectively.Our results demonstrate that jujube cAMP regulated the cytokine balance in the allergy pathway through blocking the influx of extracellular Ca2+,with the prevention of allergy symptoms.展开更多
Ordinary chronic pancreatitis is a well-known risk factor for pancreatic cancer,whereas such an association with autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)is widely debated.Due to the rarity of the latter disorder,there are few spe...Ordinary chronic pancreatitis is a well-known risk factor for pancreatic cancer,whereas such an association with autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)is widely debated.Due to the rarity of the latter disorder,there are few specific clinical and epidemiological studies investigating the relation between AIP and pancreatic cancer,which do not seem to support it.However,these studies are affected by several limitations and,therefore,a link between AIP(and,specifically,type 1 AIP)and pancreatic cancer cannot be ruled out definitively on this basis.Moreover,several immunopathological aspects of type 1 AIP and,in general,immunoglobulin G4-related disease can create an immunological context that may impair the tumoral immunosurveillance and promote the pancreatic carcinogenesis and its progression.In detail,Th2 immunological dominance,type 2 macrophage polarization and basophil infiltration observed in type 1 AIP,may play a permissive role in creating a favorable immunological environment for pancreatic carcinogenesis,in addition to the immunosuppressive therapies that can be used in these patients.展开更多
Objective To observe the expression of inlfammatory molecules in bone marrow immune cells of patients with immune-related hematocytopenia (IRH), and to investigate the immune mechanism and clinical signiifcance of the...Objective To observe the expression of inlfammatory molecules in bone marrow immune cells of patients with immune-related hematocytopenia (IRH), and to investigate the immune mechanism and clinical signiifcance of the disease. Methods Total of 36 IRH patients were selected as observation group and 30 healthy people were taken as control group. Serum cytokines levels, activity of immunocytes and expression of HLA-DR were detected. Immune lfuorescence was applied to observe the expression state of immunologic molecules and cytokines in IRH patients. Results Serum cytokines were elevated in various degrees in observation group. Compared with the control group, the cytokines levels were significantly higher (P Conclusions It is demonstrated that antibodies or self-reactive lymphocytes were produced in IRH marrow, which would cause lesions of hemocytes, and lead to pathological process ifnally. Structure of hematopoietic cells mutated and these cells might be acted as target cells of immunocytes in the pathological process. Immunocytes could secrete inlfammatory factors and lead to immunologic injury of hemocyte.展开更多
Food allergy in children is a major health concern,and its prevalence is rising.It is often over-diagnosed by parents,resulting occasionally in unnecessary exclusion of some important food.It also causes stress,anxiet...Food allergy in children is a major health concern,and its prevalence is rising.It is often over-diagnosed by parents,resulting occasionally in unnecessary exclusion of some important food.It also causes stress,anxiety,and even depression in parents and affects the family’s quality of life.Current diagnostic tests are useful when interpreted in the context of the clinical history,although cross-sensitivity and inability to predict the severity of the allergic reactions remain major limitations.Although the oral food challenge is the current gold standard for making the diagnosis,it is only available to a small number of patients because of its requirement in time and medical personnel.New diagnostic methods have recently emerged,such as the Component Resolved Diagnostics and the Basophil Activation Test,but their use is still limited,and the latter lacks standardisation.Currently,there is no definite treatment available to induce life-long natural tolerance and cure for food allergy.Presently available treatments only aim to decrease the occurrence of anaphylaxis by enabling the child to tolerate small amounts of the offending food,usually taken by accident.New evidence supports the early introduction of the allergenic food to infants to decrease the incidence of food allergy.If standardised and widely implemented,this may result in decreasing the prevalence of food allergy.展开更多
Objective: To observe the blocking effect of Huoxiang Zhengqi liqu id (HXZQL) on histamine release of basophils. Methods: The study was conducted using HXZQL to neutralize and b lock IgE and antagonize the effect of I...Objective: To observe the blocking effect of Huoxiang Zhengqi liqu id (HXZQL) on histamine release of basophils. Methods: The study was conducted using HXZQL to neutralize and b lock IgE and antagonize the effect of IL 3 induced enhancing histamine relea se of bosaphils. Concentration and percentage of histamine release of bosaphils were tested by the basophil histamine release test. Results: The HXZQL drug serum had obvious inhibitive effect on degranulation of bosaphils induced by IgE antigen antibody complex ( P <0.0 5) and can successfully weaken the histamine release of basophils stimulated by IL 3. When compared with those in the untreated group, it showed P <0.01. Conclusion: HXZQL drug serum may neutralize and block IgE and has inhibitive effects on degranulation of cells when resensitized by antigens. It can also block allergic response type Ⅰ by antagonizing the effect of IL 3 induced enhancing histamine release.展开更多
We studied the RSV specific IgE antibody, histamine and basophil from infants with RSV bronchiolitis and found during the acute phase either the titers of RSV-IgE or the concentration of histamine increased significan...We studied the RSV specific IgE antibody, histamine and basophil from infants with RSV bronchiolitis and found during the acute phase either the titers of RSV-IgE or the concentration of histamine increased significantly, the number of basophil and basophil degranulation in the presence of RSV antigen also increased. In vitro studies revealed hypersensitivity participates in the pathogenesis of RSV bronchiolitis. We also found that infants with RSV bronchiolitis, the RSV-IgE persisted for a long time presumably this plays an important role in recurrent wheezing after RSV infection for years.展开更多
Antigen interaction with specific IgE bound to the high-affinity Fc receptor for IgE, constitutively expressed on the cell-surface of mast cells, generates signals that cause a shift in the resting state equilibrium o...Antigen interaction with specific IgE bound to the high-affinity Fc receptor for IgE, constitutively expressed on the cell-surface of mast cells, generates signals that cause a shift in the resting state equilibrium of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events that serves to maintain homeostasis. The outcome of this activated state is the release of a wide array of preformed and newly synthesized pro-inflammatory mediators. During the past few years, the existence of a negative feedback loop initiated upon FcεRI engagement has also been envisaged. This negative signal involves the coordinated action of adaptors, phosphatases and ubiquitin ligases that limits the intensity and duration of positive signals, thus modulating mast cell functions. Relevant to this, others and we have demonstrated that Cbl family proteins control the amplitude of FcεRI-generated signals by specific ubiquitin modification of activated receptor subunits and associated protein tyrosine kinases. In this article, we review advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms through which Cbl proteins regulate FcεRI expression and signaling.展开更多
Pomegranate flower plant, popularly known using for the treatment of various diseases, was not investigated as a source of dye for cytological studies using human blood cells. The importance of this study is to appear...Pomegranate flower plant, popularly known using for the treatment of various diseases, was not investigated as a source of dye for cytological studies using human blood cells. The importance of this study is to appear dyeing result of pomegranate flower extract on human blood cells. The natural dye source was pomegranate flower known as roselle and potassium aluminum sulfate (alum = KAISO4' 12H20) was used as mordant or metal salt. Distilled water was used as solvent. Fresh, clean and air-dried flowers were extracted with distilled water at 100℃ for 30 minutes and then filtered. One drop blood from a healthy 20-year woman was spread as a peripheral on to ten plates and dried at nearly 25℃. These slides were stained by soaking in pomegranate flower extract with/without alum (KA1SO4·12H2O) at 100℃ for 60 minutes. Slides were washed with distilled water, dried and done microscobic examination. The different blood cells dyed dark orange in alum mordant media at 100 ℃. As a result, pomegranate flower has the capacity to use dyeing human blood cells such as eosinophil, basophil and neutrophil.展开更多
Recombinant interleukin-33(IL-33)inhibits tumor growth,but the detailed immunological mechanism is still unknown.IL-33-mediated tumor suppression did not occur in Batf3−/−mice,indicating that conventional type 1 de...Recombinant interleukin-33(IL-33)inhibits tumor growth,but the detailed immunological mechanism is still unknown.IL-33-mediated tumor suppression did not occur in Batf3−/−mice,indicating that conventional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)play a key role in IL-33-mediated antitumor immunity.A population of CD103+cDC1s,which were barely detectable in the spleens of normal mice,increased significantly in the spleens of IL-33-treated mice.The newly emerged splenic CD103+cDC1s were distinct from conventional splenic cDC1s based on their spleen residency,robust effector T-cell priming ability,and surface expression of FCGR3.DCs and DC precursors did not express Suppressor of Tumorigenicity 2(ST2).However,recombinant IL-33 induced spleen-resident FCGR3+CD103+cDC1s,which were found to be differentiated from DC precursors by bystander ST2+immune cells.Through immune cell fractionation and depletion assays,we found that IL-33-primed ST2+basophils play a crucial role in the development of FCGR3+CD103+cDC1s by secreting IL-33-driven extrinsic factors.Recombinant GM-CSF also induced the population of CD103+cDC1s,but the population neither expressed FCGR3 nor induced any discernable antitumor immunity.The population of FCGR3+CD103+cDC1s was also generated in vitro culture of Flt3L-mediated bone marrow-derived DCs(FL-BMDCs)when IL-33 was added in a pre-DC stage of culture.FL-BMDCs generated in the presence of IL-33(FL-33-DCs)offered more potent tumor immunotherapy than control Flt3L-BMDCs(FL-DCs).Human monocyte-derived DCs were also more immunogenic when exposed to IL-33-induced factors.Our findings suggest that recombinant IL-33 or an IL-33-mediated DC vaccine could be an attractive protocol for better tumor immunotherapy.展开更多
Acute basophilic leukemia(ABL)is a rare subtype of.acute myeloid leukemia(AML),accounting for 4%-5%of AML and less than 2%of all hematopoietic malignancies.It is usually characterized by a very rapid clinical course,s...Acute basophilic leukemia(ABL)is a rare subtype of.acute myeloid leukemia(AML),accounting for 4%-5%of AML and less than 2%of all hematopoietic malignancies.It is usually characterized by a very rapid clinical course,symptoms of hyperhistaminemia,peptic ulceration,gastrointestinal cerebrovascular bleeding and resistance to therapy.^1 However,the clinical outcome of ABL remains disapp2ointing.Most patients died within 1 year after diagnosis.展开更多
Allergic diseases,mainly mediated by T helper type 2(Th2)immunity,have become a worldwide public health problem.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has long been used in treating and preventing allergic symptoms.As the n...Allergic diseases,mainly mediated by T helper type 2(Th2)immunity,have become a worldwide public health problem.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has long been used in treating and preventing allergic symptoms.As the new target of anti-allergy TCM,basophils,after approximately 140 years since their discovery,are just now gaining respect as important contributors in the pathogenesis underlying allergic inflammation and disease.In addition to their role as effector cells,basophils can release early IL-4,migrate from circulatory system into draining lymph nodes,present antigen to naive CD4^+T cells,and promote the differentiation of Th2 cells.Herein,we briefly summarized the recent research advances of the essential contributions of basophils in the initiation of Th2 immune responses.展开更多
摘要Biomaterials for restoration or replacement of diseased tissues may have any origin.The major characteristic for biomaterials is biocompatibility.All biomaterials,used in medicine (dentistry,in particular),interreact with the organism tissues.And the changes occur both in the materials and the organism tissues.It is considered that there are no "inert biomaterials." The number of allergic diseases and complications is constantly growing all over the world,taking an important place in the structure of infectious and noninfectious pathology[1].Pollen,household,epidermal,and food-borne allergens,and haptens are the most frequent sources of sensibilization.
基金Supported by Guangdong Provincial Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund,No.2021A1515011589Guangdong Medical University Clinical+Basic Science and Technology Innovation Special Program,No.GDMULCJC2024004.
摘要BACKGROUND T helper 17(Th17)cell infiltration and interleukin(IL)-17 secretion in intrahepatic small bile ducts is a critical driver of immune-mediated injury in primary biliary cholangitis(PBC).IL-6 is an essential upstream activator of Th17 cells.Basophilderived IL-6 promotes the differentiation of CD4+T cells and Th1 cells into Th17 cells,thereby regulating their immunological functions.AIM To investigate the activation status and cytokine expression of basophils in PBC,elucidating potential mechanisms through which basophils contribute to its pathogenesis.METHODS This single-center retrospective case-control study conducted at Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Hospital(China)between September 2019 and August 2024 enrolled 65 consecutive treatment-naïve patients with PBC(PBC group),65 age-and sex-matched patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB group),and 65 healthy controls(Normal group).Fourteen participants per group(subgroup)were randomly selected for flow cytometry analysis of basophil proportion,activation markers(CD203c and CD62 L mean fluorescence intensity),IL-6-positive basophils(IL-6+basophils as a percentage of total basophils),and IL-17-positive T lymphocytes(CD3+CD4+IL-17+cells)proportion among T cells.Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and χ2 tests as appropriate.RESULTS Routine blood tests revealed significantly higher basophil counts and proportions in the PBC group compared to the CHB and Normal groups(P<0.001 for both comparisons),with no significant differences between the CHB and Normal groups(P=0.201).Flow cytometry revealed a higher basophil proportion in the PBC subgroup compared to the CHB(P=0.011)and Normal subgroups(P<0.001).The mean fluorescence intensity of CD203c on basophil surfaces was elevated in the PBC subgroup compared to the CHB(P=0.032)and Normal subgroups(P=0.039).The proportion of IL-6+basophils was significantly higher in the PBC subgroup than in the CHB(P<0.01)and Normal subgroups(P<0.001).Similarly,the Th17 cell proportion was markedly elevated in the PBC compared to the CHB(P<0.001)and Normal subgroups(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Patients with PBC have increased peripheral basophil counts with enhanced activation.Activated basophils have increased IL-6 expression,which may indirectly induce Th17 cell proliferation and contribute to PBC pathogenesis.
基金This work was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,SFB 510-A1(F.H.and H.-J.B.),by the fortueneproject F1282700 of the univer-sity of Tuebingen(H.-J.B)by the Fonds zur Forderung der wissnschaflichen Forschung in Osterreich,SFB grant-project 018/09(P.V.).
摘要Using two-colour flow cytometry>200 antibodies submitted to the 8th International Workshop of Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens(HLDA8)have been analyzed for their reactivity with resting and activated CD203c+basophils.Four antibodies either non-reactive or weakly reactive with resting basophils exhibited an increased reactivity with basophils activated by anti-IgE-mediated cross-linking of the high affinity IgE receptor(FcεRI).These include antibod-ies against CD164(WS-80160,clone N6B6 and WS-80162,clone 67D2),as well as two reagents with previously unknown specificities that were identified as CD13(WS-80274,clone A8)and CD107a(WS-80280,clone E63-880).The activation patterns followed either the“CD203c-like”or“CD63-like”activation profile.The CD203c profile is characterized by a rapid and significant upregulation(of CD13,CD164,and CD203c),reaching maximum levels after 5-15 min of stimulation.The phosphoinositide-3-kinase(PI3K)-specific inhibitor wortmannin inhibited the upregulation of these markers whereas 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate(TPA)induced a rapid and FcεRI-independent upregulation within 1-2 min.In the CD63 profile,maximum upregulation(of CD63 and CD107a)was detected only after 20-40 min,and upregulation by TPA reached maximum levels after 60 min.In summary,our data identify CD13,CD107a,and CD164 as novel basophil-activation antigens.Based on time kinetics of upregulation,we hypothesize that molecules of the“CD203c group”and the“CD63 group”are linked to two different mechanisms of basophil activation.
基金supported by the Shanghai Sailing Program(No.21YF1407100)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M690037)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82103409 and 81773068)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFC1315902)。
摘要Basophils,which are considered as redundant relatives of mast cells and the rarest granulocytes in peripheral circulation,have been neglected by researchers in the past decades.Previous studies have revealed their vital roles in allergic diseases and parasitic infections.Intriguingly,recent studies even reported that basophils might be associated with cancer development,as activated basophils synthesize and release a variety of cytokines and chemokines in response to cancers.However,it is still subject to debate whether basophils function as tumor-protecting or tumor-promoting components;the answer may depend on the tumor biology and the microenvironment.Herein,we reviewed the role of basophils in cancers,and highlighted some potential and promising therapeutic strategies.
摘要AIM:To evaluate the mechanism of which brimonidine tartrate 0.15%causes clinical hypersensitivity.METHODS:A prospective case-control study comparing 8 glaucoma patients with clinical hypersensitivity to brimonidine to a control group consisting 13 healthy volunteers.Blood samples were stimulated with brimonidine 0.15%,timolol 0.5%or brimonidine tartrateimolol maleate 0.2%/0.5%.Premixed antibodies(CD63/FITC and aIgE/PE)were added for direct staining and whole-blood samples were lysed,fixed and analyzed by a flow cytometer.The basophil population was defined by high IgE cell expression.Degranulation was identified by the expression of the activation molecule CD63.RESULTS:Basophil activation was not significant when comparing percent of activated basophils of patients and healthy controls after exposure to brimonidine(2.58%,2.45%,respectively,P=0.72).There was a significant suppression of basophil activation when a combination of brimonidine-timolol(0.87%)was compared to timolol(2.27%;P=0.012)and to brimonidine alone(2.58%;P=0.017).CONCLUSION:The results of our study do not support the hypothesis that brimonidine induces an immediate allergic reaction.Basophil activation was suppressed by the presence ofβ-blockers in patients hypersensitive to brimonidine and in healthy individuals.This finding indicates that timolol suppress brimonidine drug reaction by a different mechanism.
基金supported by grant from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1602201)the Open Research Fund Program of Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development,Beijing Technology and Business University(PRRD-2021-YB8)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Fund(31601395)the Key Program for Shaanxi Science and Technology(2020NY-146)。
摘要Jujube contains abundant cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and the ultrasonic-assisted pectinase extraction(UAPE)conditions for obtaining the maximum cAMP yield from jujube were optimized.Orthogonal array design was applied to evaluate the effects of 4 variables by UAPE on cAMP yield.The results showed that the optimal cAMP yield(783.0μg/g)was derived at ratio of liquid to solid 5 mL/g,ratio of pectinase to raw material 1.5%,time 60 min and temperature 40℃.Moreover,the effect of cAMP on the anti-allergic function of action induced by immunoglobulin E(IgE)and its meschanism was investigated through establishing the sensitized cell model in rat basophilic leukemia(RBL-2 H3)cells using dinitrophenylated(DNP)-bovine serum albumin(BSA)-IgE.The results showed that cAMP interfered with sensitized cells,effectively inhibited the occurrence of basophil degranulation in dose dependence,and significantly reduced the activity ofβ-hexosamindase(β-hex),at the optimal concentration of 50μg/mL.The level of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10(IL-10)was promoted and the content of pro-inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)was suppressed by cAMP.In addition,influx of intracellular Ca2+ was repressed effectively.Our results demonstrate that jujube cAMP regulated the cytokine balance in the allergy pathway through blocking the influx of extracellular Ca2+,with the prevention of allergy symptoms.
摘要Ordinary chronic pancreatitis is a well-known risk factor for pancreatic cancer,whereas such an association with autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)is widely debated.Due to the rarity of the latter disorder,there are few specific clinical and epidemiological studies investigating the relation between AIP and pancreatic cancer,which do not seem to support it.However,these studies are affected by several limitations and,therefore,a link between AIP(and,specifically,type 1 AIP)and pancreatic cancer cannot be ruled out definitively on this basis.Moreover,several immunopathological aspects of type 1 AIP and,in general,immunoglobulin G4-related disease can create an immunological context that may impair the tumoral immunosurveillance and promote the pancreatic carcinogenesis and its progression.In detail,Th2 immunological dominance,type 2 macrophage polarization and basophil infiltration observed in type 1 AIP,may play a permissive role in creating a favorable immunological environment for pancreatic carcinogenesis,in addition to the immunosuppressive therapies that can be used in these patients.
摘要Objective To observe the expression of inlfammatory molecules in bone marrow immune cells of patients with immune-related hematocytopenia (IRH), and to investigate the immune mechanism and clinical signiifcance of the disease. Methods Total of 36 IRH patients were selected as observation group and 30 healthy people were taken as control group. Serum cytokines levels, activity of immunocytes and expression of HLA-DR were detected. Immune lfuorescence was applied to observe the expression state of immunologic molecules and cytokines in IRH patients. Results Serum cytokines were elevated in various degrees in observation group. Compared with the control group, the cytokines levels were significantly higher (P Conclusions It is demonstrated that antibodies or self-reactive lymphocytes were produced in IRH marrow, which would cause lesions of hemocytes, and lead to pathological process ifnally. Structure of hematopoietic cells mutated and these cells might be acted as target cells of immunocytes in the pathological process. Immunocytes could secrete inlfammatory factors and lead to immunologic injury of hemocyte.
摘要Food allergy in children is a major health concern,and its prevalence is rising.It is often over-diagnosed by parents,resulting occasionally in unnecessary exclusion of some important food.It also causes stress,anxiety,and even depression in parents and affects the family’s quality of life.Current diagnostic tests are useful when interpreted in the context of the clinical history,although cross-sensitivity and inability to predict the severity of the allergic reactions remain major limitations.Although the oral food challenge is the current gold standard for making the diagnosis,it is only available to a small number of patients because of its requirement in time and medical personnel.New diagnostic methods have recently emerged,such as the Component Resolved Diagnostics and the Basophil Activation Test,but their use is still limited,and the latter lacks standardisation.Currently,there is no definite treatment available to induce life-long natural tolerance and cure for food allergy.Presently available treatments only aim to decrease the occurrence of anaphylaxis by enabling the child to tolerate small amounts of the offending food,usually taken by accident.New evidence supports the early introduction of the allergenic food to infants to decrease the incidence of food allergy.If standardised and widely implemented,this may result in decreasing the prevalence of food allergy.
基金The item is subsidized by Natural Science Fund of Fujian Province (No. C96044)
摘要Objective: To observe the blocking effect of Huoxiang Zhengqi liqu id (HXZQL) on histamine release of basophils. Methods: The study was conducted using HXZQL to neutralize and b lock IgE and antagonize the effect of IL 3 induced enhancing histamine relea se of bosaphils. Concentration and percentage of histamine release of bosaphils were tested by the basophil histamine release test. Results: The HXZQL drug serum had obvious inhibitive effect on degranulation of bosaphils induced by IgE antigen antibody complex ( P <0.0 5) and can successfully weaken the histamine release of basophils stimulated by IL 3. When compared with those in the untreated group, it showed P <0.01. Conclusion: HXZQL drug serum may neutralize and block IgE and has inhibitive effects on degranulation of cells when resensitized by antigens. It can also block allergic response type Ⅰ by antagonizing the effect of IL 3 induced enhancing histamine release.
摘要We studied the RSV specific IgE antibody, histamine and basophil from infants with RSV bronchiolitis and found during the acute phase either the titers of RSV-IgE or the concentration of histamine increased significantly, the number of basophil and basophil degranulation in the presence of RSV antigen also increased. In vitro studies revealed hypersensitivity participates in the pathogenesis of RSV bronchiolitis. We also found that infants with RSV bronchiolitis, the RSV-IgE persisted for a long time presumably this plays an important role in recurrent wheezing after RSV infection for years.
摘要Antigen interaction with specific IgE bound to the high-affinity Fc receptor for IgE, constitutively expressed on the cell-surface of mast cells, generates signals that cause a shift in the resting state equilibrium of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events that serves to maintain homeostasis. The outcome of this activated state is the release of a wide array of preformed and newly synthesized pro-inflammatory mediators. During the past few years, the existence of a negative feedback loop initiated upon FcεRI engagement has also been envisaged. This negative signal involves the coordinated action of adaptors, phosphatases and ubiquitin ligases that limits the intensity and duration of positive signals, thus modulating mast cell functions. Relevant to this, others and we have demonstrated that Cbl family proteins control the amplitude of FcεRI-generated signals by specific ubiquitin modification of activated receptor subunits and associated protein tyrosine kinases. In this article, we review advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms through which Cbl proteins regulate FcεRI expression and signaling.
摘要Pomegranate flower plant, popularly known using for the treatment of various diseases, was not investigated as a source of dye for cytological studies using human blood cells. The importance of this study is to appear dyeing result of pomegranate flower extract on human blood cells. The natural dye source was pomegranate flower known as roselle and potassium aluminum sulfate (alum = KAISO4' 12H20) was used as mordant or metal salt. Distilled water was used as solvent. Fresh, clean and air-dried flowers were extracted with distilled water at 100℃ for 30 minutes and then filtered. One drop blood from a healthy 20-year woman was spread as a peripheral on to ten plates and dried at nearly 25℃. These slides were stained by soaking in pomegranate flower extract with/without alum (KA1SO4·12H2O) at 100℃ for 60 minutes. Slides were washed with distilled water, dried and done microscobic examination. The different blood cells dyed dark orange in alum mordant media at 100 ℃. As a result, pomegranate flower has the capacity to use dyeing human blood cells such as eosinophil, basophil and neutrophil.
基金the National Research Foundation of Korea(SRC-2017R1A5A1014560). This work was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea(SRC-2017R1A5A1014560)。
摘要Recombinant interleukin-33(IL-33)inhibits tumor growth,but the detailed immunological mechanism is still unknown.IL-33-mediated tumor suppression did not occur in Batf3−/−mice,indicating that conventional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)play a key role in IL-33-mediated antitumor immunity.A population of CD103+cDC1s,which were barely detectable in the spleens of normal mice,increased significantly in the spleens of IL-33-treated mice.The newly emerged splenic CD103+cDC1s were distinct from conventional splenic cDC1s based on their spleen residency,robust effector T-cell priming ability,and surface expression of FCGR3.DCs and DC precursors did not express Suppressor of Tumorigenicity 2(ST2).However,recombinant IL-33 induced spleen-resident FCGR3+CD103+cDC1s,which were found to be differentiated from DC precursors by bystander ST2+immune cells.Through immune cell fractionation and depletion assays,we found that IL-33-primed ST2+basophils play a crucial role in the development of FCGR3+CD103+cDC1s by secreting IL-33-driven extrinsic factors.Recombinant GM-CSF also induced the population of CD103+cDC1s,but the population neither expressed FCGR3 nor induced any discernable antitumor immunity.The population of FCGR3+CD103+cDC1s was also generated in vitro culture of Flt3L-mediated bone marrow-derived DCs(FL-BMDCs)when IL-33 was added in a pre-DC stage of culture.FL-BMDCs generated in the presence of IL-33(FL-33-DCs)offered more potent tumor immunotherapy than control Flt3L-BMDCs(FL-DCs).Human monocyte-derived DCs were also more immunogenic when exposed to IL-33-induced factors.Our findings suggest that recombinant IL-33 or an IL-33-mediated DC vaccine could be an attractive protocol for better tumor immunotherapy.
摘要Acute basophilic leukemia(ABL)is a rare subtype of.acute myeloid leukemia(AML),accounting for 4%-5%of AML and less than 2%of all hematopoietic malignancies.It is usually characterized by a very rapid clinical course,symptoms of hyperhistaminemia,peptic ulceration,gastrointestinal cerebrovascular bleeding and resistance to therapy.^1 However,the clinical outcome of ABL remains disapp2ointing.Most patients died within 1 year after diagnosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.81873066).
摘要Allergic diseases,mainly mediated by T helper type 2(Th2)immunity,have become a worldwide public health problem.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has long been used in treating and preventing allergic symptoms.As the new target of anti-allergy TCM,basophils,after approximately 140 years since their discovery,are just now gaining respect as important contributors in the pathogenesis underlying allergic inflammation and disease.In addition to their role as effector cells,basophils can release early IL-4,migrate from circulatory system into draining lymph nodes,present antigen to naive CD4^+T cells,and promote the differentiation of Th2 cells.Herein,we briefly summarized the recent research advances of the essential contributions of basophils in the initiation of Th2 immune responses.