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Transforming Healthcare with State-of-the-Art Medical-LLMs:A Comprehensive Evaluation of Current Advances Using Benchmarking Framework 认领 引用
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作者 Himadri Nath Saha Dipanwita Chakraborty Bhattacharya +5 位作者 Sancharita Dutta Arnab Bera Srutorshi Basuray Satyasaran Changdar Saptarshi Banerjee Jon Turdiev 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2026年第2期234-289,共56页
The emergence of Medical Large Language Models has significantly transformed healthcare.Medical Large Language Models(Med-LLMs)serve as transformative tools that enhance clinical practice through applications in decis... The emergence of Medical Large Language Models has significantly transformed healthcare.Medical Large Language Models(Med-LLMs)serve as transformative tools that enhance clinical practice through applications in decision support,documentation,and diagnostics.This evaluation examines the performance of leading Med-LLMs,including GPT-4Med,Med-PaLM,MEDITRON,PubMedGPT,and MedAlpaca,across diverse medical datasets.It provides graphical comparisons of their effectiveness in distinct healthcare domains.The study introduces a domain-specific categorization system that aligns these models with optimal applications in clinical decision-making,documentation,drug discovery,research,patient interaction,and public health.The paper addresses deployment challenges of Medical-LLMs,emphasizing trustworthiness and explainability as essential requirements for healthcare AI.It presents current evaluation techniques that improve model transparency in high-stakes medical contexts and analyzes regulatory frameworks using benchmarking datasets such asMedQA,MedMCQA,PubMedQA,and MIMIC.By identifying ongoing challenges in biasmitigation,reliability,and ethical compliance,thiswork serves as a resource for selecting appropriate Med-LLMs and outlines future directions in the field.This analysis offers a roadmap for developing Med-LLMs that balance technological innovation with the trust and transparency required for clinical integration,a perspective often overlooked in existing literature. 展开更多
关键词 Medical large language models(Med-LLM) AI in healthcare natural language processing(NLP)in medicine fine-tuning medical LLMs retrieval-augmented generation(RAG)in medicine multi-modal learning in healthcare explainability and transparency in medical AI FDA regulations for AI in medicine evaluation and benchmarking of medical large language models
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Benchmarking Model of Production Intellectual Capital 认领 引用
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作者 Dragan Dimitrijevic Zivoslav Adamovic Nenad Kapor 《Management Studies》 2026年第1期1-12,共12页
Benchmarking is a tool that enables analysis and comparison based on facts, that is, on real data that allow for comparison of the actual current state of a company in relation to the market and realistic improvement ... Benchmarking is a tool that enables analysis and comparison based on facts, that is, on real data that allow for comparison of the actual current state of a company in relation to the market and realistic improvement of business processes, and as such it represents a respectable and increasingly used practice in the business world. As a process of identifying and understanding, but also accepting and applying the best business practices of global organizations,benchmarking aims to improve business processes in a highly effective and efficient manner, while automatically achieving an evaluation of the company's current position in relation to the best, thereby identifying areas and ways to improve performance. Knowledge is the only resource that never loses value and is the only source of innovation,that is, it is a factor that decisively influences the launch and implementation of innovations, as well as the improvement of systems and process functionality in companies. Since knowledge is the greatest power that companies use to achieve competitive advantage, knowledge management means a fundamental change and the process of establishing, maintaining, and directing a company, with significant support from information technology and clear organizational features, as a prerequisite for successful program implementation, for the purpose of utilizing knowledge to create business value and generate competitive advantage. While knowledge management deals with organizational knowledge at the tactical level, intellectual capital management does so and is focused on building and managing intellectual values at the strategic level, with the function of taking care of the intellectual capital of business-production systems. Once determined, the intellectual capital of the production of a particular product is used as a basis for comparison with the best products and the best companies, and differences in competencies are considered through performance indicators by applying an effective controlling method—benchmarking. To build a special framework for generating a benchmarking model of intellectual capital of production, customer requirements and the competencies of production units are taken into account, whereby a special procedure can be generated based on the general procedure, which corresponds to a specific business environment, where the main factor consists of eight factors composed of several criteria, and each criterion of several questionnaires. 展开更多
关键词 benchmarking knowledge management intellectual capital
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Systematic Benchmarking of Topology Optimization Methods Using Both Binary and Relaxed Forms of the Zhou-Rozvany Problem 认领 引用
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作者 Jiye Zhou Yun-Fei Fu Kazem Ghabraie 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2025年第6期3233-3251,共19页
Most material distribution-based topology optimization methods work on a relaxed form of the optimization problem and then push the solution toward the binary limits.However,when benchmarking these methods,researchers... Most material distribution-based topology optimization methods work on a relaxed form of the optimization problem and then push the solution toward the binary limits.However,when benchmarking these methods,researchers use known solutions to only a single form of benchmark problem.This paper proposes a comparison platform for systematic benchmarking of topology optimization methods using both binary and relaxed forms.A greyness measure is implemented to evaluate how far a solution is from the desired binary form.The well-known ZhouRozvany(ZR)problem is selected as the benchmarking problem here,making use of available global solutions for both its relaxed and binary forms.The recently developed non-penalization Smooth-edged Material Distribution for Optimizing Topology(SEMDOT),well-established Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization(SIMP),and continuation methods are studied on this platform.Interestingly,in most cases,the grayscale solutions obtained by SEMDOT demonstrate better performance in dealing with the ZR problem than SIMP.The reasons are investigated and attributed to the usage of two different regularization techniques,namely,the Heaviside smooth function in SEMDOT and the power-law penalty in SIMP.More importantly,a simple-to-use benchmarking graph is proposed for evaluating newly developed topology optimization methods. 展开更多
关键词 Topology optimization Zhou-Rozvany problem benchmarking binary forms relaxed forms power-law penalty heaviside smooth function
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Optimization of the prompt fission neutron spectra of 239Pu(n,f)via criticality benchmarking 认领 引用
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作者 Jia-Hao Chen Bo Yang +5 位作者 Qing-Gang Jia Rui Li Wen-Di Chen Hai-Rui Guo Wei-Li Sun Tao Ye 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第9期139-149,共11页
Prompt fission neutron spectra(PFNS)have a significant role in nuclear science and technology.In this study,the PFNS for239Pu are evaluated using both differential and integral experimental data.A method that lever... Prompt fission neutron spectra(PFNS)have a significant role in nuclear science and technology.In this study,the PFNS for239Pu are evaluated using both differential and integral experimental data.A method that leverages integral criticality benchmark experiments to constrain the PFNS data is introduced.The measured central values of the PFNS are perturbed by constructing a covariance matrix.The PFNS are sampled using two types of covariance matrices,either generated with an assumed correlation matrix and incorporating experimental uncertainties or derived directly from experimental reports.The joint Monte Carlo transport code is employed to perform transport simulations on five criticality benchmark assemblies by utilizing perturbed PFNS data.Extensive simulations result in an optimized PFNS that shows improved agreement with the integral criticality benchmark experiments.This study introduces a novel approach for optimizing differential experimental data through integral experiments,particularly when a covariance matrix is not provided. 展开更多
关键词 Prompt fission neutron spectra Differential nuclear data Criticality benchmark Random sample Transport simulation
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OpenPoly:A Polymer Database Empowering Benchmarking and MultipropertyPredictions 认领 引用
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作者 Ji-Feng Wang Yu-Bo Sun +4 位作者 Qiu-Tong Chen Fei-Fan Ji Yuan-Yuan Song Meng-Yuan Ruan Ying Wang 《Chinese Journal of Polymer Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第10期1749-1760,共12页
Advancing the integration of artificial intelligence and polymer science requires high-quality,open-source,and large-scale datasets.However,existing polymer databases often suffer from data sparsity,lack of polymer-pr... Advancing the integration of artificial intelligence and polymer science requires high-quality,open-source,and large-scale datasets.However,existing polymer databases often suffer from data sparsity,lack of polymer-property labels,and limited accessibility,hindering system-atic modeling across property prediction tasks.Here,we present OpenPoly,a curated experimental polymer database derived from extensive lit-erature mining and manual validation,comprising 3985 unique polymer-property data points spanning 26 key properties.We further develop a multi-task benchmarking framework that evaluates property prediction using four encoding methods and eight representative models.Our re-sults highlight that the optimized degree-of-polymerization encoding coupled with Morgan fingerprints achieves an optimal trade-off between computational cost and accuracy.In data-scarce condition,XGBoost outperforms deep learning models on key properties such as dielectric con-stant,glass transition temperature,melting point,and mechanical strength,achieving R2 scores of 0.65-0.87.To further showcase the practical utility of the database,we propose potential polymers for two energy-relevant applications:high temperature polymer dielectrics and fuel cell membranes.By offering a consistent and accessible benchmark and database,OpenPoly paves the way for more accurate polymer-property modeling and fosters data-driven advances in polymer genome engineering. 展开更多
关键词 Polymer database Polymer structure encoding Property prediction Functional reverse design Benchmark models
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Benchmarking技术在汽车开发领域中的应用 认领 引用 被引量：16
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作者 祁鹏华 褚超美 张轶 《机械设计与制造》 北大核心 2008年第10期64-66,共3页
介绍了Benchmarking技术的概念;综合国内外汽车发展的历史和现状,针对我国汽车开发经验、知识积累不足问题,引入了Benchmarking技术的样车分析技术体系,细化了样车Benchmarking的流程,说明了Benchmarking技术的应用过程。最后介绍了目前... 介绍了Benchmarking技术的概念;综合国内外汽车发展的历史和现状,针对我国汽车开发经验、知识积累不足问题,引入了Benchmarking技术的样车分析技术体系,细化了样车Benchmarking的流程,说明了Benchmarking技术的应用过程。最后介绍了目前Benchmarking技术在汽车开发知识库系统中的应用现状。 展开更多
关键词 Benchmarking技术 汽车开发 知识库
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Benchmarking calculations of excitation energies and transition properties with spectroscopic accuracy of highly charged ions used for the fusion plasma and astrophysical plasma 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 张春雨 王凯 +5 位作者 司然 李金晴 宋昌仙 吴思捷 严碧霜 陈重阳 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第11期179-193,共15页
Atomic radiative data such as excitation energies, transition wavelengths, radiative rates, and level lifetimes with high precision are the essential parameters for the abundance analysis, simulation, and diagnostics ... Atomic radiative data such as excitation energies, transition wavelengths, radiative rates, and level lifetimes with high precision are the essential parameters for the abundance analysis, simulation, and diagnostics in fusion and astrophysical plasmas. In this work, we mainly focus on reviewing our two projects performed in the past decade. One is about the ions with Z■30 that are generally of astrophysical interest, and the other one is about the highly charged krypton(Z = 36)and tungsten(Z = 74) ions that are relevant in research of magnetic confinement fusion. Two different and independent methods, namely, multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock(MCDHF) and the relativistic many-body perturbation theory(RMBPT) are usually used in our studies. As a complement/extension to our previous works for highly charged tungsten ions with open M-shell and open N-shell, we also mainly focus on presenting and discussing our complete RMBPT and MCDHF calculations for the excitation energies, wavelengths, electric dipole(E1), magnetic dipole(M1), electric quadrupole(E2), and magnetic quadrupole(M2) transition properties, and level lifetimes for the lowest 148 levels belonging to the 3l3configurations in Al-like W61+. We also summarize the uncertainties of our systematical theoretical calculations, by cross-checking/validating our datasets from our RMBPT and MCDHF calculations, and by detailed comparisons with available accurate observations and other theoretical calculations. The data are openly available in Science Data Bank at http://gffzzd3cc09b8251d45dfs6pbf5bw090fq6uk9.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/10.57760/sciencedb.10569. 展开更多
关键词 energy levels transition rates highly charged ions relativistic many-body perturbation theory(RMBPT) multi-configuration Dirac-Hartree-Fock(MCDHF) benchmarking calculations exci-tation energies spectroscopic accuracy
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Benchmarking:竞争情报的一种重要手段 认领 引用 被引量：27
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作者 张左之 《情报理论与实践》 北大核心 1995年第1期23-26,共4页
Benchmarking的有关内容是竞争情报的重要组成部分。Benchmarking的理论和方法是随着竞争情报的发展而发展起来的。本文从Benchmarking的由来、基本概念、种类等步骤方面较为全面地论述了Benchmarking的有关情况，希望能引起对Benchmark... Benchmarking的有关内容是竞争情报的重要组成部分。Benchmarking的理论和方法是随着竞争情报的发展而发展起来的。本文从Benchmarking的由来、基本概念、种类等步骤方面较为全面地论述了Benchmarking的有关情况，希望能引起对Benchmarking这一竞争情报重要手段研究的重视。 展开更多
关键词 竞争情报 企业信息 Benchmarking
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Shrinkage Behaviour of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron in Green and Dry Sand Molds for the Benchmarking of Solidification Simulation 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Wenzhen LI and Baicheng LIU Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Jiarong LI Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China 《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》 SCIE EI CAS 2001年第6期610-614,共5页
The effects of metallurgical and processing parameters on the formation of shrinkage cavities and porosities in spheroidal graphite cast iron have been studied, considering the parameters of carbon equivalent, inocula... The effects of metallurgical and processing parameters on the formation of shrinkage cavities and porosities in spheroidal graphite cast iron have been studied, considering the parameters of carbon equivalent, inoculation, casting modulus, mold type (green or dry) and pouring temperature within specific ranges of these variables. Based on the orthogonal experiments, the metallurgical and processing parameters of the minimum casting shrinkage and the maximum casting shrinkage were obtained, and the effects of metallurgical and processing parameters on the formation of shrinkage cavities and porosities in spheroids graphite cast iron castings were discussed. Finally, two regression equations relating these variables to the formation of shrinkage porosity were derived based upon the orthogonal experiments conducted. 展开更多
关键词 Shrinkage Behaviour of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron in Green and Dry Sand Molds for the Benchmarking of Solidification Simulation Graphite Simulation Cast
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NoSQL数据库实践教学:结合Benchmarking的方法 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 叶枫 孙骏 +2 位作者 黄倩 李幽铮 李凌 《软件导刊》 2022年第11期162-165,共4页
随着大数据、人工智能时代的到来,NoSQL数据库对工业界和学术界的影响也愈加深入,如何培养学生的NoSQL实践应用能力成为关键问题。但是,受限于学分设定、实验环境等,当前高校对于相关课程的开设和教学力度不够,学生缺少相关的NoSQL数据... 随着大数据、人工智能时代的到来,NoSQL数据库对工业界和学术界的影响也愈加深入,如何培养学生的NoSQL实践应用能力成为关键问题。但是,受限于学分设定、实验环境等,当前高校对于相关课程的开设和教学力度不够,学生缺少相关的NoSQL数据库实践能力,与业界所需大数据能力的鸿沟越拉越大。针对该问题,介绍所在团队在过去5年中,基于双层学习模式开展NoSQL数据库实践教学的经验。结合Benchmarking方法,根据学生的课程评价和反馈,验证了该教学模式取得了较好的实践教学效果。 展开更多
关键词 NoSQL 实践教学 能力提升 Benchmarking方法
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The First Benchmarking of ITER BR Nb_3Sn Strand of CNDA 认领 引用
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作者 龙风 刘方 +1 位作者 武玉 倪志鹏 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第9期847-849,共3页
According to the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor （ITER） Pro- curement Arrangement （PA） of Cable-In-Conduit Conductor （CICC） unit lengths for the Toroidal Field （TF） and Poloidal Field （PF） m... According to the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor （ITER） Pro- curement Arrangement （PA） of Cable-In-Conduit Conductor （CICC） unit lengths for the Toroidal Field （TF） and Poloidal Field （PF） magnet systems of ITER, at the start of process qualification, the Domestic Agency （DA） shall be required to conduct a benchmarking of the room and low tem- perature acceptance tests carried out at the Strand Suppliers and/or at its Reference Laboratories designated by the ITER Organization （IO）. The first benchmarking was carried out successfully in 2009. Nineteen participants from six DAs （China, European Union, Japan, South Korea, Russia, and the United States） participated in the first benchmarking. Bronze-route （BR） Nb3Sn strand and samples prepared by the ITER reference lab （CERN） were sent out to each participant by CERN. In this paper, the test facility and test results of the first benchmarking by the Chinese DA （CNDA） are presented. 展开更多
关键词 benchmarking BR NbaSn CNDA
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Medium-term Air Quality Benchmarking for Ecosystem Monitoring and Sustainability Planning: Case Study Dallas County (U.S.A.) 2015 to 2020 认领 引用
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作者 David A.Wood 《Research in Ecology》 CAS 2021年第4期35-53,共19页
Medium-term air quality assessment,benchmarking it to recent past data can usefully complement short-term air quality index data for monitoring purposes.By using daily and monthly averaged data,medium-term air quality... Medium-term air quality assessment,benchmarking it to recent past data can usefully complement short-term air quality index data for monitoring purposes.By using daily and monthly averaged data,medium-term air quality benchmarking provides a distinctive perspective with which to monitor air quality for sustainability planning and ecosystem perspectives.By normalizing the data for individual air pollutants to a standard scale they can be more easily integrated to generate a daily combined local area benchmark(CLAB).The objectives of the study are to demonstrate that medium-term air quality benchmarking can be tailored to reflect local conditions by selecting the most relevant pollutants to incorporate in the CLAB indicator.Such a benchmark can provide an overall air quality assessment for areas of interest.A case study is presented for Dallas County(U.S.A.)applying the proposed method by benchmarking 2020 data for air pollutants to their trends established for 2015 to 2019.Six air pollutants considered are:ozone,carbon monoxide,nitrogen dioxide,sulfur dioxide,benzene and particulate matter less than 2.5 micrometres.These pollutants are assessed individually and in terms of CLAB,and their 2020 variations for Dallas County compared to daily trends established for years 2015 to 2019.Reductions in benzene and carbon monoxide during much of 2020 are clearly discernible compared to preceding years.The CLAB indicator shows clear seasonal trends for air quality for 2015 to 2019 with high pollution in winter and spring compared to other seasons that is strongly influenced by climatic variations with some anthropogenic inputs.Conducting CLAB analysis on an ongoing basis,using a relevant near-past time interval for benchmarking that covers several years,can reveal useful monthly,seasonal and annual trends in overall air quality.This type of medium-term,benchmarked air quality data analysis is well suited for ecosystem monitoring. 展开更多
关键词 Local air pollution assessment Medium-term air quality Local area benchmarking Critical pollutants Seasonal variations in air quality Sustainability planning
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基于DEA-Benchmarking模型的双层成本控制绩效评价 认领 引用
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作者 周瑜 《财会月刊（中）》 北大核心 2013年第9期36-38,共3页
本文运用DEA-Benchmarking模型对制造企业双层成本控制绩效进行评价。然后选取DA企业机加车间7个班组成本相关数据构造7组标杆单元,进行DEA评价,判断成本控制效率,验证了双层成本控制的科学性与先进性。
关键词 成本控制 DEA—Benchmarking 绩效评价
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Methods and Practices for Institutional Benchmarking based on Research Impact and Competitiveness: A Case Study of ShanghaiTech University 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Jiang Chang Jianhua Liu 《Journal of Data and Information Science》 CSCD 2019年第3期55-72,共18页
Purpose: To develop and test a mission-oriented and multi-dimensional benchmarking method for a small scale university aiming for internationally first-class basic research.Design/methodology/approach: An individualiz... Purpose: To develop and test a mission-oriented and multi-dimensional benchmarking method for a small scale university aiming for internationally first-class basic research.Design/methodology/approach: An individualized evidence-based assessment scheme was employed to benchmark ShanghaiTech University against selected top research institutions,focusing on research impact and competitiveness at the institutional and disciplinary levels.Topic maps opposing ShanghaiTech and corresponding top institutions were produced for the main research disciplines of ShanghaiTech. This provides opportunities for further exploration of strengths and weakness. Findings: This study establishes a preliminary framework for assessing the mission of the university. It further provides assessment principles, assessment questions, and indicators.Analytical methods and data sources were tested and proved to be applicable and efficient.Research limitations: To better fit the selective research focuses of this university, its schema of research disciplines needs to be re-organized and benchmarking targets should include disciplinary top institutions and not necessarily those universities leading overall rankings.Current reliance on research articles and certain databases may neglect important research output types.Practical implications: This study provides a working framework and practical methods for mission-oriented, individual, and multi-dimensional benchmarking that ShanghaiTech decided to use for periodical assessments. It also offers a working reference for other institutions to adapt. Further needs are identified so that ShanghaiTech can tackle them for future benchmarking.Originality/value: This is an effort to develop a mission-oriented, individually designed,systematically structured, and multi-dimensional assessment methodology which differs from often used composite indices. 展开更多
关键词 Differentiating evaluation Mission-driven assessment Evidence-based assessment Benchmarking Research performance
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Benchmarking Approach to Compare Web Applications Static Analysis Tools Detecting OWASP Top Ten Security Vulnerabilities 认领 引用 被引量：7
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作者 Juan R.Bermejo Higuera Javier Bermejo Higuera +2 位作者 Juan A.Sicilia Montalvo Javier Cubo Villalba Juan JoséNombela Pérez 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2020年第9期1555-1577,共23页
To detect security vulnerabilities in a web application,the security analyst must choose the best performance Security Analysis Static Tool(SAST)in terms of discovering the greatest number of security vulnerabilities ... To detect security vulnerabilities in a web application,the security analyst must choose the best performance Security Analysis Static Tool(SAST)in terms of discovering the greatest number of security vulnerabilities as possible.To compare static analysis tools for web applications,an adapted benchmark to the vulnerability categories included in the known standard Open Web Application Security Project(OWASP)Top Ten project is required.The information of the security effectiveness of a commercial static analysis tool is not usually a publicly accessible research and the state of the art on static security tool analyzers shows that the different design and implementation of those tools has different effectiveness rates in terms of security performance.Given the significant cost of commercial tools,this paper studies the performance of seven static tools using a new methodology proposal and a new benchmark designed for vulnerability categories included in the known standard OWASP Top Ten project.Thus,the practitioners will have more precise information to select the best tool using a benchmark adapted to the last versions of OWASP Top Ten project.The results of this work have been obtaining using widely acceptable metrics to classify them according to three different degree of web application criticality. 展开更多
关键词 Web application benchmark security vulnerability Security Analysis Static Tools assessment methodology false positive false negative precision f-measure
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用Benchmarking方法分析我校信息管理与信息系统专业建设及发展 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 赵海燕 刘合翔 《科技信息》 2008年第16期14-15,共2页
本文针对我校信息管理专业的实际情况,以上海交大作为比较对象,用Benchmarking方法从人才培养、管理科学、社会服务等方面作为比较内容,提出赶超对策和实施计划,最后总结了文中的不足。
关键词 Benchmarking 专业 发展
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Clinical Engineering Benchmarking Comparison Between Zhejiang Province and American Hospitals 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Binseng Wang Kun Zheng Jing-yi Feng 《中国医疗设备》 2016年第7期1-5,共5页
Clinical engineering(CE) has evolved rapidly over the last 25 years in China. Among the 34 provincial-level administrative units within China, the Zhejiang Province is one of the most advanced in terms of healthcare t... Clinical engineering(CE) has evolved rapidly over the last 25 years in China. Among the 34 provincial-level administrative units within China, the Zhejiang Province is one of the most advanced in terms of healthcare technology maintenance and management. In order to determine Zhejiang's current stage of development and opportunities for further improvement, a comparison of the performance of its CE departments was made against hospitals in the USA. Data were collected from 21 Zhejiang hospitals and compared to those from 270 acute-care hospitals in USA collected by Truven Health Analytics. The benchmarking comparison was made in three categories: operational, financial, and productivity. Within the operational category, the following metrics were compared: equipment inventory size/operating beds, annual repairs/inventory size, and annual scheduled maintenance/inventory size. Within the Financial category, the following metrics were compared: total CE expense/operating beds and total CE expenseotal hospital expense. Within the Productivity category, the following metrics were compared: total CE full-time equivalent(FTE)/inventory size and total CE FTEotal hospital expense. These comparisons showed that:(1) While the equipment inventory in Zhejiang tends to be much smaller than USA for hospitals of comparable amount of operating beds, the numbers of repairs and scheduled maintenance per inventory size are similar;(2) The total CE expenseotal hospital expense ratio is around 1% in both Zhejiang and USA; however, the total CE expense/operating beds and total CE expense/cost of equipment inventory are significantly lower in Zhejiang than USA;(3) The FTE amount in Zhejiang is significantly higher than in USA relative to both inventory size and total hospital operating expense, but significantly lower relative to the number of operating beds. The fact that repairs and scheduled maintenance are similar in Zhejiang and USA shows that CE leaders are managing equipment in comparable manner. Most of the differences found in the comparisons were traced to a few factors. First, the average length of stay in China is substantially higher than USA, which explains why hospitals in Zhejiang tend to have more operating beds but fewer pieces of equipment. Second, labor cost is significantly lower in China than USA, thus allowing Zhejiang hospitals to employ more workers than their American counterparts. Third, there is significantly difference in the cost of living between China and USA; Finally, being public entities Chinese hospitals are managed and operated in a different manner than American hospitals, which are mostly private, albeit nonprofit organizations. Nonetheless, it is interesting to note that hospitals in both areas spend roughly 1% of their total expenditure for CE. The results suggest that CE in Zhejiang is comparable to USA in terms of managerial excellence but there could be some room for improvement in financial management and productivity. 展开更多
关键词 clinical engineering performance benchmarking Zhejiang province hospitals American hospitals
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Rationale,design and baseline patient characteristics of the optimal type 2 diabetes management including benchmarking and standard treatment study in Greece 认领 引用
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作者 Michael S Kostapanos Vasilis Tsimihodimos +2 位作者 Moses S Elisaf Emmanouil Tzouvelekis Nikos Nikas 《World Journal of Diabetes》 2014年第1期76-83,共8页
AIM:To describe baseline data of the optimal type2 diabetes management including benchmarking and standard treatment(OPTIMISE)study in Greece.METHODS:"Benchmarking"is the process of receiving feedback compar... AIM:To describe baseline data of the optimal type2 diabetes management including benchmarking and standard treatment(OPTIMISE)study in Greece.METHODS:"Benchmarking"is the process of receiving feedback comparing one’s performance with that of others.The OPTIMISE(NCT00681850)study is a multinational,multicenter study assessing,at a primary care level,whether using"benchmarking"can help to improve the quality of patient care,compared with a set of guideline-based reference values("non-benchmarking").In the Greek region,797 outpatients(457men,mean age 63.8 years)with type 2 diabetes were enrolled by 84 office-based physicians.Baseline characteristics of this population are presented.RESULTS:Hypertension was the most prevalent concomitant disorder(77.3%)and coronary heart disease was the most frequent macrovascular complication of diabetes(23.8%).Most patients were overweight or obese(body mass index 29.6±5 kg/m2),exhibiting mostly abdominal obesity(waist circumference102.6±13.6 cm).Biguanides were the most prevalent prescribed drugs for the management of diabetes(70.1%of all prescriptions),whereas statins(93.5%of all prescriptions)and angiotensin receptor blockers(55.8%of all prescriptions)were the most prevalent prescribed drugs for hyperlipidemia and hypertension,respectively.Only 37.4%of patients were on aspirin.Despite treatment,pre-defined targets for fasting plasma glucose(<110 mg/dL),glycated hemoglobin(<7%),systolic blood pressure(<130 mmHg and<125mmHg for patients with proteinuria)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels(<100 mg/dL and<70mg/dL for patients with coronary heart disease)were reached in a relatively small proportion of patients(29%,53%,27%and 31%,respectively).In a Greek population with type 2 diabetes,the control of glycemia or concomitant disorders which increase cardiovascular risk remains poor.CONCLUSION:Despite relevant treatment,there is a poor control of diabetes,hypertension and hyperlipidemia in Greek outpatients with type 2 diabetes. 展开更多
关键词 Diabetes Benchmarking Treatment tar-get Glycemic control Dyslipidemia Blood pressure
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Satellite Derived Geospatial Irrigation Performance Indicators for Benchmarking Studies of Irrigation Systems 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 A. V. Suresh Babu M. Shanker V. Venkateshwar Rao 《Advances in Remote Sensing》 2012年第1期1-13,共13页
Development of irrigation infrastructure and its efficient management is the primary concern for sustainable food production. The assessment of irrigation infrastructure creation, its utilization, diagnostic evaluatio... Development of irrigation infrastructure and its efficient management is the primary concern for sustainable food production. The assessment of irrigation infrastructure creation, its utilization, diagnostic evaluation of the various performance indices (monitoring) are important to measure the efficiency. Benchmarking of Irrigation Systems (BIS) is for the diagnostic analysis of irrigation performance indicators comprising of Irrigation Infrastructure System (IIS), Agricultural System (AS), Water Delivery Dynamics (WDD). Since, the performance of an irrigation command varies with space and time, utilization of spatial information technologies viz. Remote Sensing (RS), Geographical Information Systems (GIS), Global Positioning Systems (GPS) useful to provide spatial information on several indices in the process of benchmarking (BM). Information requirements for BIS at different stages, utilization of spatial information technologies to derive irrigation performance indicators was discussed with suitable examples and demonstrated in this study. The studies carried out indicates that the geospatial approach for BIS enabled the improvements in data collection methods, diagnostic analysis, spatio-temporal visualisation of BM indicators at disaggregated canal level which would be useful for decision support during the corrective management measures. The conjunctive use of multi-date (medium resolution) satellite data, high spatial resolution data, field data on water deliveries was found to be an alternative to the conventional non-spatial approaches for BIS and thereby better water resources planning and management. 展开更多
关键词 Irrigation Agriculture Benchmarking of Irrigation Systems Geospatial Techniques Remote Sensing GIS
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广义Benchmarking:企业解脱困境新方法 认领 引用
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作者 谭森林 《辽宁经济》 2001年第7期14-15,共2页
关键词 Benchmarking 企业 管理方法 绩效评价指标 中国 国有企业 企业解困
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