The thermal decomposition characteristic of ammonium perchlorate(AP)represents a critical factor in determining the performance of solid propellants,which has aroused significant interest on the structure and performa...The thermal decomposition characteristic of ammonium perchlorate(AP)represents a critical factor in determining the performance of solid propellants,which has aroused significant interest on the structure and performance improvement of kinds of catalysts.In this study,bimetallic metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),such as CuCo-BTC(BTC=1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid,H3BTC),CuNi-BTC,and CoNi-BTC,were synthesized by solvothermal(ST)and spray-drying(SD)methods,and then calcined at 400℃for 2 h to form metal oxides.The catalysts as well as their catalytic effects for AP decomposition were characterized by FTIR,XRD,SEM,XPS,TG,DSC,TG-IR,EIS,CV,and LSV.It was found that the rapid coordination of metal ions with ligands during spray drying may lead to catalytic structural defects,promoting the exposure of reactive active sites and increasing the catalytic active region.The results showed that the addition of 2 wt%binary transition metal oxides(BTMOs)as catalysts significantly reduced the high-temperature decomposition(HTD)temperature of AP and enhanced its heat release.Of particular significance is the observation that SD-CoNiOx,prepared by spray-drying,reduced the decomposition temperature of AP from 413.26℃(pure AP)to 306℃and enhanced the heat release from 256.79 J/g(pure AP)to 1496.82 J/g,while concomitantly reducing the activation energy by 42%.By analysing the gaseous products during the decomposition of AP+SD-CoNiOxand AP+ST-CoNiOx,it was found that SD-CoNiOxcould significantly increase the content of high-valent nitrogen oxides during the AP decomposition reaction,which indicates that the BTMOs prepared by spray-drying in the reaction system are more conducive to accelerating the electron transfer in the thermal decomposition process of AP,and can provide a high concentration of reactive oxygen species that oxidize AP to high-valent nitrogen oxide-containing compounds.The present study shows that the structure selectivity of the spray-drying technique influences surfactant molecular arrangement on catalyst surfaces,resulting in their ability to promote higher electron transfer during the catalytic process.Therefore,BTMOs prepared by spray drying method have higher potential for application.展开更多
Binary transition metal oxides have attracted great attention as high-performance electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries in recent years.Herein,monodisperse NiCo2O4porous microcubes were prepared for the ...Binary transition metal oxides have attracted great attention as high-performance electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries in recent years.Herein,monodisperse NiCo2O4porous microcubes were prepared for the first time via a simple urea-assisted solvothermal method followed by a thermal decomposition process.The porous microcubes assembled by nanoparticles with a size of ca.35 nm have an average edge length of 1.5μm.Nitrogen sorption isotherms show that this structure possesses a high surface area of 26.26 m2g−1with an average pore diameter of 22.57 nm.The rich mesopores among NiCo2O4microcubes not only provide a large electrode/electrolyte reaction interface,but also provide enough void space to accommodate the volume change and prevent electronic disconnection in the electrode material during cycling.Furthermore,primary nanoparticles with a smaller size within microcubes can facilitate rapid Li-ion transport.So,when the as-prepared porous NiCo2O4microcubes are used as anode materials for Li-ion batteries,they exhibit high-rate capability and outstanding cyclability.展开更多
Binary transition metal oxides have exhibited highly excellent de/hydrogenation kinetic catalytic properties on magnesium hydride(MgH2).Thence,page-like MnCo2O4.5 nanoparticles have been synthesized to enhanc...Binary transition metal oxides have exhibited highly excellent de/hydrogenation kinetic catalytic properties on magnesium hydride(MgH2).Thence,page-like MnCo2O4.5 nanoparticles have been synthesized to enhance the de/hydrogenation performance of MgH2.The initial dehydrogenation temperature of the MgH2-6 wt%MnCo2O4.5 composite decreases to 285℃.Interestingly,MgH2 doped with 6 wt%MnCo2O4.5 can fully release 6.4 wt%H2 in 4 min at 325℃.On the contrary,only 0.58 wt% of H2 is released from the undoped as-milled MgH2 in 4 min at 325℃.Moreover,the dehydrogenated MnCo2O4.5 doped composite can absorb 4.43 wt%H2 in 30 min at 150℃.Moreover,we found that the desorption activation energy of the composite decreases by 50.18% compared with that of the undoped as-milled MgH2.The evolution process and catalytic mechanism of MnCo2O4.5 on MgH2 were explored through the evidence of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.It is believed that Mn-containing phases and Co-containing phases formed in situ during the dehydrogenation process can synergistically catalyze MgH2 to achieve better kinetic performance.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China(Grant No.52203332)。
摘要The thermal decomposition characteristic of ammonium perchlorate(AP)represents a critical factor in determining the performance of solid propellants,which has aroused significant interest on the structure and performance improvement of kinds of catalysts.In this study,bimetallic metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),such as CuCo-BTC(BTC=1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid,H3BTC),CuNi-BTC,and CoNi-BTC,were synthesized by solvothermal(ST)and spray-drying(SD)methods,and then calcined at 400℃for 2 h to form metal oxides.The catalysts as well as their catalytic effects for AP decomposition were characterized by FTIR,XRD,SEM,XPS,TG,DSC,TG-IR,EIS,CV,and LSV.It was found that the rapid coordination of metal ions with ligands during spray drying may lead to catalytic structural defects,promoting the exposure of reactive active sites and increasing the catalytic active region.The results showed that the addition of 2 wt%binary transition metal oxides(BTMOs)as catalysts significantly reduced the high-temperature decomposition(HTD)temperature of AP and enhanced its heat release.Of particular significance is the observation that SD-CoNiOx,prepared by spray-drying,reduced the decomposition temperature of AP from 413.26℃(pure AP)to 306℃and enhanced the heat release from 256.79 J/g(pure AP)to 1496.82 J/g,while concomitantly reducing the activation energy by 42%.By analysing the gaseous products during the decomposition of AP+SD-CoNiOxand AP+ST-CoNiOx,it was found that SD-CoNiOxcould significantly increase the content of high-valent nitrogen oxides during the AP decomposition reaction,which indicates that the BTMOs prepared by spray-drying in the reaction system are more conducive to accelerating the electron transfer in the thermal decomposition process of AP,and can provide a high concentration of reactive oxygen species that oxidize AP to high-valent nitrogen oxide-containing compounds.The present study shows that the structure selectivity of the spray-drying technique influences surfactant molecular arrangement on catalyst surfaces,resulting in their ability to promote higher electron transfer during the catalytic process.Therefore,BTMOs prepared by spray drying method have higher potential for application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.21401061,51302102 and 11504120)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(1708085ME96 and 1608085QE90)+2 种基金the Key Natural Science Research Project for Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province(KJ2016A638 and KJ2016SD53)the Key Project of Anhui Universities Support Program for Outstanding Youth,China(no.gxyqZD2016111)the Huaibei Scientific Talent Development Scheme(20140305).
摘要Binary transition metal oxides have attracted great attention as high-performance electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries in recent years.Herein,monodisperse NiCo2O4porous microcubes were prepared for the first time via a simple urea-assisted solvothermal method followed by a thermal decomposition process.The porous microcubes assembled by nanoparticles with a size of ca.35 nm have an average edge length of 1.5μm.Nitrogen sorption isotherms show that this structure possesses a high surface area of 26.26 m2g−1with an average pore diameter of 22.57 nm.The rich mesopores among NiCo2O4microcubes not only provide a large electrode/electrolyte reaction interface,but also provide enough void space to accommodate the volume change and prevent electronic disconnection in the electrode material during cycling.Furthermore,primary nanoparticles with a smaller size within microcubes can facilitate rapid Li-ion transport.So,when the as-prepared porous NiCo2O4microcubes are used as anode materials for Li-ion batteries,they exhibit high-rate capability and outstanding cyclability.
基金financially supported by Chongqing Special Key Project of Technology Innovation and Application Development,China(Grant No.cstc2019jscx-dxwtBX0016).
摘要Binary transition metal oxides have exhibited highly excellent de/hydrogenation kinetic catalytic properties on magnesium hydride(MgH2).Thence,page-like MnCo2O4.5 nanoparticles have been synthesized to enhance the de/hydrogenation performance of MgH2.The initial dehydrogenation temperature of the MgH2-6 wt%MnCo2O4.5 composite decreases to 285℃.Interestingly,MgH2 doped with 6 wt%MnCo2O4.5 can fully release 6.4 wt%H2 in 4 min at 325℃.On the contrary,only 0.58 wt% of H2 is released from the undoped as-milled MgH2 in 4 min at 325℃.Moreover,the dehydrogenated MnCo2O4.5 doped composite can absorb 4.43 wt%H2 in 30 min at 150℃.Moreover,we found that the desorption activation energy of the composite decreases by 50.18% compared with that of the undoped as-milled MgH2.The evolution process and catalytic mechanism of MnCo2O4.5 on MgH2 were explored through the evidence of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.It is believed that Mn-containing phases and Co-containing phases formed in situ during the dehydrogenation process can synergistically catalyze MgH2 to achieve better kinetic performance.