Effective use of brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)requires the ability to suppress a planned action(volitional inhibition)for adaptable control in real-world scenarios,but their mechanisms are unclear.Here,we used fiber...Effective use of brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)requires the ability to suppress a planned action(volitional inhibition)for adaptable control in real-world scenarios,but their mechanisms are unclear.Here,we used fiber photometry to monitor external globus pallidus(GPe)and subthalamic nucleus(STN)neurons’activity in mice during a volitional stop-signal task(67%GO,33%NO-GO).GPe/STN neurons(receiving M2 projections)responded to auditory cues,feedback,and rewards in both trials.Importantly,chemogenetic activation of the M2-GPe pathway enhanced volitional inhibition by modulating auditory feedback response,yet inhibited GPe neurons’feedback response.Furthermore,time-locked optogenetic inhibition of M2-projecting GPe neurons at auditory feedback also enhanced volitional inhibition via prolonged GO trial response times.Collectively,these findings identified the M2-GPe pathway for auditory biofeedback to improve volitional control,offering novel avenues for the advancement of neural interfaces for biofeedback and enhancement of BCI efficacy.展开更多
Energy-regenerative suspension combined with piezoelectric and electromagnetic transduction has evolved into a core technological pathway in advancing automotive design paradigms.With the aim of improving energy harve...Energy-regenerative suspension combined with piezoelectric and electromagnetic transduction has evolved into a core technological pathway in advancing automotive design paradigms.With the aim of improving energy harvesting performance,time-delayed feedback control is widely used in an energy-regenerative suspension system under different external disturbances in this paper.Meanwhile,limited research has addressed the stochastic dynamics of time-delayed nonlinear energy-regenerative suspension systems.Different from previous studies,this work studies the stochastic response and P-bifurcation of the nonlinear energy-regenerative suspension system with time-delayed feedback control.Firstly,an approximately equivalent dimension reduction system is established by the variable transformation method,and then the stationary probability density function of amplitude is obtained by the stochastic averaging method.Secondly,the precision of the method used in this work is verified by comparing the numerical solutions with the analytical results.Finally,based on the stationary probability density function,the influence of system parameters on stochastic P-bifurcation and the mean output power is discussed.展开更多
To address the issues of head-of-line(HOL)blocking at the virtual output queue(VOQ)level,packet loss,and congestion spreading caused by buffer overflow in the shared-buffer-based combined input and output queued(CIOQ)...To address the issues of head-of-line(HOL)blocking at the virtual output queue(VOQ)level,packet loss,and congestion spreading caused by buffer overflow in the shared-buffer-based combined input and output queued(CIOQ)switching architecture,while enhancing its performance and stability,we propose a de-blocking adaptive feedback control(AFC)design in this study.The introduction of the credit timeout detection mechanism(CTDM)enables the CIOQ to achieve theoretical 100%non-blocking state,effectively eliminating the impact of HOL blocking.With the combined effect of the proposed VOQ dynamic regulation algorithm(VDRA)and threshold dynamic adaptive algorithm(TDAA),it can reduce the risk of congestion spreading caused by buffer overflow and consequently improve the overall performance of the system.Both theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate that,under typical traffic conditions,the proposed design achieves a maximum throughput of 1499.66 Gb/s and a minimum latency of 83 ns.Additionally,the effective throughput ratio reaches 96.94%,with a data link layer packet(DLLP)loss ratio of merely 0.61%and a packet loss rate as low as 0.6%.In comparison with traditional CIOQ and input queued(IQ)switch architectures,the proposed design demonstrates improvements in throughput by 15.12%and 20.55%,and forwarding latency is reduced by 26.9%and 54.7%,respectively,and the system stability is stronger,which can fully satisfy the demand for data exchange in complex situations.展开更多
Graphene platelets(GPLs)-reinforced metal foam structures enhance the mechanical properties while maintaining the lightweight characteristics of metal foams.Further bonding piezoelectric actuator and sensor layers on ...Graphene platelets(GPLs)-reinforced metal foam structures enhance the mechanical properties while maintaining the lightweight characteristics of metal foams.Further bonding piezoelectric actuator and sensor layers on the surfaces of GPLs-reinforced metal foam beams enables active vibration control,greatly expanding their applications in the aerospace industry.For the first time,this paper investigates the vibration characteristics and active vibration control of GPLs-reinforced metal foam beams with surfacebonded piezoelectric layers.The constant velocity feedback scheme is used to design the closed-loop controller including piezoelectric actuators and sensors.The effects of the GPLs on the linear and nonlinear free vibrations of the beams are numerically studied.The Newmark-βmethod combined with Newton's iteration technique is used to calculate the nonlinear responses of the beams under different load forms including harmonic loads,impact loads,and moving loads.Additionally,special attention is given to the vibration reduction performance of the velocity feedback control on the responses of the beam.展开更多
Rotary steering systems(RSSs)have been increasingly used to develop horizontal wells.A static push-the-bit RSS uses three hydraulic modules with varying degrees of expansion and contraction to achieve changes in the p...Rotary steering systems(RSSs)have been increasingly used to develop horizontal wells.A static push-the-bit RSS uses three hydraulic modules with varying degrees of expansion and contraction to achieve changes in the pushing force acting on the wellbore in different sizes and directions within a circular range,ultimately allowing the wellbore trajectory to be drilled in a predetermined direction.By analyzing its mathematical principles and the actual characteristics of the instrument,a vector force closed-loop control method,including steering and holding modes,was designed.The adjustment criteria for the three hydraulic modules are determined to achieve rapid adjustment of the vector force.The theoretical feasibility of the developed method was verified by comparing its results with the on-site application data of an imported rotary guidance system.展开更多
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)are increasingly deployed in safety-critical missions that demand advanced control strategies capable of addressing nonlinear dynamics,stringent constraints,and uncertain environments.Mod...Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)are increasingly deployed in safety-critical missions that demand advanced control strategies capable of addressing nonlinear dynamics,stringent constraints,and uncertain environments.Model Predictive Control(MPC)has emerged as a powerful framework for these challenges,yet its finite-horizon nature requires additional stabilizing mechanisms to ensure reliable closed-loop performance.Among the existing stabilizing strategies,Lyapunov-based MPC has attracted significant attention for embedding explicit stability conditions into the optimization problem,providing a flexible and computationally efficient alternative to terminal-ingredient formulations.This paper provides a comprehensive survey of Lyapunovbased MPC for UAVs,examining its stabilizing mechanism and tracing its evolution from a theoretical tool to a practical framework.The survey classifies existing contributions according to control tasks,modeling fidelity,system architectures,stability assurance mechanisms,and validation strategies.Beyond a descriptive review,the survey critically analyzes fundamental limitations and deployment bottlenecks related to conservatism,assumptions,and real-time implementation.Finally,key research directions are outlined,focusing on reducing conservatism,improving scalability,enhancing robustness,and strengthening implementation-aware validation.These findings position Lyapunov-based MPC as a promising framework for next-generation UAV autonomy.展开更多
Ethanol,a high-demand clean energy source,is primarily produced via fed-batch fermentation in industrial settings.Although our previous study identified an optimal glucose concentration of 30 g/L for maximal ethanol y...Ethanol,a high-demand clean energy source,is primarily produced via fed-batch fermentation in industrial settings.Although our previous study identified an optimal glucose concentration of 30 g/L for maximal ethanol yield,the mechanisms underlying glucose-dependent cellular adaptation remain unclear.Here,we performed an integrated multi-omics analysis,including transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics,and fluxomics,to compare yeast cells under glucose-controlled and uncontrolled conditions.Our results indicate that high glucose stress triggers the regulation of transporters with different affinities and the upregulation of heat shock proteins(HSPs),trehalose,and amino acids.In contrast,protein turnover was reduced under glucose-controlled conditions,suggesting more efficient resource allocation.This metabolic reallocation enhances carbon flux through glycolysis,potentially providing additional energy and NADH to support biomass growth and ethanol production.These findings advance our understanding of yeast regulatory mechanisms under glucose stress and provide insights for metabolic engineering and process optimization.展开更多
A dual-harmonic acceleration system is utilized to mitigate the space-charge effect in the rapid-cycling synchrotron of the China Spallation Neutron Source upgrade project(CSNS-II).A magnetic alloy(MA)-loaded cavity w...A dual-harmonic acceleration system is utilized to mitigate the space-charge effect in the rapid-cycling synchrotron of the China Spallation Neutron Source upgrade project(CSNS-II).A magnetic alloy(MA)-loaded cavity with a high accelerating gradient is developed to satisfy the requirements of dual-harmonic acceleration and provide the necessary second-harmonic cavity voltage.However,the MA-loaded cavity exhibits a wideband frequency response,resulting in numerous higher harmonics in the radio-frequency(RF)voltage.These higher harmonics are caused by both the beam-loading effect and distorted amplifier current,which distort the RF bucket,increase the power dissipation in the cavity,and lower the gradient.To address these issues,a multiharmonic independent feedback-control approach is implemented to compensate for higher harmonics.The effectiveness of this control strategy is validated experimentally.This study provides details regarding the feedback-control design and presents the commissioning results.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter investigates the fuzzy prescribed-time control(PTC)problem for a class of uncertain pure feedback nonlinear systems.Firstly,a novel prescribed-time stability lemma is introduced,which plays a c...Dear Editor,This letter investigates the fuzzy prescribed-time control(PTC)problem for a class of uncertain pure feedback nonlinear systems.Firstly,a novel prescribed-time stability lemma is introduced,which plays a critical role in stability analysis.Unlike existing PTC algorithms,where the nonlinear functions are typically known or satisfy a linear growth condition,our approach does not require such assumptions.To address these unknown factors,fuzzy logic systems(FLSs)are employed.Based on the new prescribed-time stability lemma,it is proven that the controller and all system states converge to the origin within the prescribed time and remain there.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated through a simulation example.展开更多
This paper discusses the design of event-triggered output-feedback controller for a class of nonlinear time-delay systems with multiple uncertainties. In sharp contrast to previous works, the considered systems posses...This paper discusses the design of event-triggered output-feedback controller for a class of nonlinear time-delay systems with multiple uncertainties. In sharp contrast to previous works, the considered systems possess two important characteristics: (i) The uncertain nonlinear terms meet the linearly unmeasurable-states dependent growth with the growth rate being an unknown function of the input and output. (ii) There exist input matching uncertainty and unknown measurement sensitivity. By introducing a single dynamic gain and employing a cleverly devised event-triggering mechanism (ETM), we design a new gain-based event-triggered output-feedback controller, which globally regulates all states of the considered systems and maintains global boundedness of the closed-loop system. Furthermore, the estimation of input matching uncertainty achieves convergence towards its actual value, and Zeno behavior does not happen. Two simulation examples including a practical one show that the proposed approach is effective.展开更多
This paper proposes a separated trajectory tracking controller for fishing ships at sea state level 6 to solve the trajectory tracking problem of a fishing ship in a 6-level sea state,and to adapt to different working...This paper proposes a separated trajectory tracking controller for fishing ships at sea state level 6 to solve the trajectory tracking problem of a fishing ship in a 6-level sea state,and to adapt to different working environments and safety requirements.The nonlinear feedback method is used to improve the closed-loop gain shaping algorithm.By introducing the sine function,the problem of excessive control energy of the system can be effectively solved.Moreover,an integral separation design is used to solve the influence of the integral term in conventional PID controllers on the transient performance of the system.In this paper,a common 32.98 m large fiberglass reinforced plastic(FRP)trawler is adopted for simulation research at the winds scale of Beaufort No.7.The results show that the track error is smaller than 3.5 m.The method is safe,feasible,concise and effective and has popularization value in the direction of fishing ship trajectory tracking control.This method can be used to improve the level of informatization and intelligence of fishing ships.展开更多
The requirements for isolating outer vibration and suppressing inner disturbances are increasingly stringent and even approaching extreme limits in integrated circuit manufacturing,precision measurement,scientific exp...The requirements for isolating outer vibration and suppressing inner disturbances are increasingly stringent and even approaching extreme limits in integrated circuit manufacturing,precision measurement,scientific experiments,etc.In comparison with passive isolation,active control methods can significantly enhance vibration isolation performance.However,different control strategies are mainly effective in different frequency domains,and performance may deteriorate in some frequency domains due to sensor noises.Active vibration isolation based on absolute-relative dynamic stiffness control via multi-sensor information fusion is proposed in this paper.This method can substantially improve vibration attenuation capability and position stability performances in broad bandwidth,with a particular focus on improving the resonance peak suppression capability in the ultra-low frequency domain.First,the effects of different control strategies on vibration isolation in different frequency domains are analyzed,and the hybrid control strategy is proposed by using both absolute relative signal feedback.Considering the noise characteristics of absolute velocity sensors and relative displacement sensors,different filters are accordingly adopted to improve vibration isolation performance.A one-dimensional experimental platform is established to conduct vibration control experiments under different configurations.The results demonstrate that vibration isolation performance across a wide frequency range can be significantly improved,and the proposed method further proves effective for micro-vibration systems.Typically,transmissibility can be reduced to as low as -30 dB at 1 Hz and -48 dB at 2 Hz,with guarantee of less than -50 dB within 10-50 Hz.Additionally,compliance results show 10-40 dB performance improvements across the broad frequency range(0.1-100 Hz)compared with the passive system.展开更多
The Nelder-Mead simplex method is a well-known algorithm enabling the minimization of functions that are not available in closed-form and that need not be differentiable or convex.Furthermore,it is particularly parsim...The Nelder-Mead simplex method is a well-known algorithm enabling the minimization of functions that are not available in closed-form and that need not be differentiable or convex.Furthermore,it is particularly parsimonious on the number of function evaluations,thus making it preferable to convex optimization paradigms in the case,common when dealing with control design problems,that the objective function of the optimization problem is non-differentiable,non-convex,and its closed-form is not available or difficult to be computed analytically.The main goal of this paper is to show how the joint use of the Nelder-Mead simplex method and the Morrison algorithm can be successfully used to solve relevant and challenging control problems that cannot be easily solved using analytic methods.In particular,it is shown how the problems of strong stabilization,static output feedback stabilization,and design of robust controllers having fixed structure can be framed as optimization problems,which,in turn,can be efficiently solved by coupling the two above mentioned algorithms.The performance of this procedure is compared with state-of-the-art techniques on dozens of static output feedback benchmark case studies,and its effectiveness is demonstrated by several examples.展开更多
This paper investigates the prescribed-time tracking control problem for a class of multi-input multi-output(MIMO)nonlinear strict-feedback systems subject to non-vanishing uncertainties. The inherent unmatched and no...This paper investigates the prescribed-time tracking control problem for a class of multi-input multi-output(MIMO)nonlinear strict-feedback systems subject to non-vanishing uncertainties. The inherent unmatched and non-vanishing uncertainties make the prescribed-time control problem become much more nontrivial. The solution to address the challenges mentioned above involves incorporating a prescribed-time filter, as opposed to a finite-time filter, and formulating a prescribed-time Lyapunov stability lemma(Lemma 5). The prescribed-time Lyapunov stability lemma is based on time axis shifting time-varying yet bounded gain, which establishes a novel link between the fixed-time and prescribed-time control method. This allows the restriction condition that the time-varying gain function must satisfy as imposed in most exist prescribed-time control works to be removed. Under the proposed control method, the desire trajectory is ensured to closely track the output of the system in prescribed time. The effectiveness of the theoretical results are verified through numerical simulation.展开更多
Ensuring the consistent mechanical performance of three-dimensional(3D)-printed continuous fiber-reinforced composites is a significant challenge in additive manufacturing.The current reliance on manual monitoring exa...Ensuring the consistent mechanical performance of three-dimensional(3D)-printed continuous fiber-reinforced composites is a significant challenge in additive manufacturing.The current reliance on manual monitoring exacerbates this challenge by rendering the process vulnerable to environmental changes and unexpected factors,resulting in defects and inconsistent product quality,particularly in unmanned long-term operations or printing in extreme environments.To address these issues,we developed a process monitoring and closed-loop feedback control strategy for the 3D printing process.Real-time printing image data were captured and analyzed using a well-trained neural network model,and a real-time control module-enabled closed-loop feedback control of the flow rate was developed.The neural network model,which was based on image processing and artificial intelligence,enabled the recognition of flow rate values with an accuracy of 94.70%.The experimental results showed significant improvements in both the surface performance and mechanical properties of printed composites,with three to six times improvement in tensile strength and elastic modulus,demonstrating the effectiveness of the strategy.This study provides a generalized process monitoring and feedback control method for the 3D printing of continuous fiber-reinforced composites,and offers a potential solution for remote online monitoring and closed-loop adjustment in unmanned or extreme space environments.展开更多
The output feedback active disturbance rejection control of a valve-controlled cylinder electro-hydraulic servo system is investigated in this paper.First,a comprehensive nonlinear mathematical model that encompasses ...The output feedback active disturbance rejection control of a valve-controlled cylinder electro-hydraulic servo system is investigated in this paper.First,a comprehensive nonlinear mathematical model that encompasses both matched and mismatched disturbances is formulated.Due to the fact that only position information can be measured,a linear Extended State Observer(ESO)is introduced to estimate unknown states and matched disturbances,while a dedicated disturbance observer is constructed to estimate mismatched disturbances.Different from the traditional observer results,the design of the disturbance observer used in this study is carried out under the constraint of output feedback.Furthermore,an output feedback nonlinear controller is proposed leveraging the aforementioned observers to achieve accurate trajectory tracking.To mitigate the inherent differential explosion problem of the traditional backstepping framework,a finite-time stable command filter is incorporated.Simultaneously,considering transient filtering errors,a set of error compensation signals are designed to counter their negative impact effectively.Theoretical analysis affirms that the proposed control strategy ensures the boundedness of all signals within the closed-loop system.Additionally,under the specific condition of only time-invariant disturbances in the system,the conclusion of asymptotic stability is established.Finally,the algorithm’s efficacy is validated through comparative experiments.展开更多
Conventional open-loop deep brain stimulation(DBS)systems with fixed parameters fail to accommodate interindividual pathological differences in Parkinson's disease(PD)management while potentially inducing adverse ...Conventional open-loop deep brain stimulation(DBS)systems with fixed parameters fail to accommodate interindividual pathological differences in Parkinson's disease(PD)management while potentially inducing adverse effects and causing excessive energy consumption.In this paper,we present an adaptive closed-loop framework integrating a Yogi-optimized proportional–integral–derivative neural network(Yogi-PIDNN)controller.The Yogi-augmented gradient adaptation mechanism accelerates the convergence of general PIDNN controllers in high-dimensional nonlinear control systems while reducing control energy usage.In addition,a system identification method establishes input–output dynamics for pre-training stimulation waveforms,bypassing real-time parameter-tuning constraints and thereby enhancing closed-loop adaptability.Finally,a theoretical analysis based on Lyapunov stability criteria establishes a sufficient condition for closed-loop stability within the identified model.Computational validations demonstrate that our approach restores thalamic relay reliability while reducing energy consumption by(81.0±0.7)%across multi-frequency tests.This study advances adaptive neuromodulation by synergizing data-driven pre-training with stability-guaranteed real-time control,offering a novel framework for energy-efficient and personalized Parkinson's therapy.展开更多
In this paper,a pair of dynamic high-gain observer and output feedback controller is proposed for nonlinear systems with multiple unknown time delays.By constructing Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals,it shows that globa...In this paper,a pair of dynamic high-gain observer and output feedback controller is proposed for nonlinear systems with multiple unknown time delays.By constructing Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals,it shows that global state asymptotic regulation can be ensured by introducing a single dynamic gain;furthermore,global asymptotic stabilization can be achieved by choosing a sufficiently large static scaling gain when the upper bounds of all system parameters are known.Especially,the output coefficient is allowed to be non-differentiable with unknown upper bound.This paper proposes a generalized Lyapunov matrix inequality based dynamic-gain scaling method,which significantly simplifies the design computational complexity by comparing with the classic backstepping method.展开更多
Achieving long spin coherence times is crucial for quantum precision measurements,and closed-loop control techniques are often employed to accomplish this goal.Here,we demonstrate the impact of closed-loop feedback co...Achieving long spin coherence times is crucial for quantum precision measurements,and closed-loop control techniques are often employed to accomplish this goal.Here,we demonstrate the impact of closed-loop feedback control on nuclear spin precession in a metastability exchange optical pumping(MEOP)-based polarized3He system.We analyze the effects of feedback theoretically and validate our predictions experimentally.With optimized feedback parameters,the spin coherence time T2is extended by an order of magnitude.When the feedback strength surpasses a critical threshold,robust maser oscillations are spontaneously excited,demonstrating remarkable resistance to environmental noise and maintaining stable oscillation.This proof-of-principle experiment highlights the viability of MEOP-based3He spin oscillators,especially in low-frequency domains.The operational simplicity and easy integration associated with MEOP-based systems make them particularly promising for fast,high-precision magnetic field measurements.展开更多
The paper presents an adaptive controller formulated for a class of nonaffine discrete-time systems with non-strict forms and unknown dynamics.The controller operates based solely on the measured output,thus obviating...The paper presents an adaptive controller formulated for a class of nonaffine discrete-time systems with non-strict forms and unknown dynamics.The controller operates based solely on the measured output,thus obviating the need for knowledge of the physical order of the controlled plant.Utilizing an ideal solution and equivalent dynamics,the approach integrates an adaptive network with feedback and robust controllers to establish a closed-loop system.A learning law is derived under practical conditions of the designed parameters,ensuring effective closed-loop performance based on pure-output feedback.The controller’s effectiveness is validated through both numerical and experimental systems,with results meeting the conditions specified in the main theorem.Comparative analysis highlights the controller’s highly satisfactory performance and its advantages.This research offers a promising approach to adaptive control for discrete-time systems with non-strict dynamics,providing practical solutions for systems with unknown dynamics and indeterminate system order.展开更多
基金supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LY22C090005)Science and Technology Initiative STI2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0203400)+1 种基金Scientific Research Starting Foundation of Oujiang Laboratory(Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine,Vision and Brain Health)(OJQDSP2022007)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0210100).
摘要Effective use of brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)requires the ability to suppress a planned action(volitional inhibition)for adaptable control in real-world scenarios,but their mechanisms are unclear.Here,we used fiber photometry to monitor external globus pallidus(GPe)and subthalamic nucleus(STN)neurons’activity in mice during a volitional stop-signal task(67%GO,33%NO-GO).GPe/STN neurons(receiving M2 projections)responded to auditory cues,feedback,and rewards in both trials.Importantly,chemogenetic activation of the M2-GPe pathway enhanced volitional inhibition by modulating auditory feedback response,yet inhibited GPe neurons’feedback response.Furthermore,time-locked optogenetic inhibition of M2-projecting GPe neurons at auditory feedback also enhanced volitional inhibition via prolonged GO trial response times.Collectively,these findings identified the M2-GPe pathway for auditory biofeedback to improve volitional control,offering novel avenues for the advancement of neural interfaces for biofeedback and enhancement of BCI efficacy.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12002089)the Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou(Grant No.2023A04J1323)UKRI Horizon Europe Guarantee(Marie SklodowskaCurie Fellowship)(Grant No.EP/Y016130/1)。
摘要Energy-regenerative suspension combined with piezoelectric and electromagnetic transduction has evolved into a core technological pathway in advancing automotive design paradigms.With the aim of improving energy harvesting performance,time-delayed feedback control is widely used in an energy-regenerative suspension system under different external disturbances in this paper.Meanwhile,limited research has addressed the stochastic dynamics of time-delayed nonlinear energy-regenerative suspension systems.Different from previous studies,this work studies the stochastic response and P-bifurcation of the nonlinear energy-regenerative suspension system with time-delayed feedback control.Firstly,an approximately equivalent dimension reduction system is established by the variable transformation method,and then the stationary probability density function of amplitude is obtained by the stochastic averaging method.Secondly,the precision of the method used in this work is verified by comparing the numerical solutions with the analytical results.Finally,based on the stationary probability density function,the influence of system parameters on stochastic P-bifurcation and the mean output power is discussed.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB4500900).
摘要To address the issues of head-of-line(HOL)blocking at the virtual output queue(VOQ)level,packet loss,and congestion spreading caused by buffer overflow in the shared-buffer-based combined input and output queued(CIOQ)switching architecture,while enhancing its performance and stability,we propose a de-blocking adaptive feedback control(AFC)design in this study.The introduction of the credit timeout detection mechanism(CTDM)enables the CIOQ to achieve theoretical 100%non-blocking state,effectively eliminating the impact of HOL blocking.With the combined effect of the proposed VOQ dynamic regulation algorithm(VDRA)and threshold dynamic adaptive algorithm(TDAA),it can reduce the risk of congestion spreading caused by buffer overflow and consequently improve the overall performance of the system.Both theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate that,under typical traffic conditions,the proposed design achieves a maximum throughput of 1499.66 Gb/s and a minimum latency of 83 ns.Additionally,the effective throughput ratio reaches 96.94%,with a data link layer packet(DLLP)loss ratio of merely 0.61%and a packet loss rate as low as 0.6%.In comparison with traditional CIOQ and input queued(IQ)switch architectures,the proposed design demonstrates improvements in throughput by 15.12%and 20.55%,and forwarding latency is reduced by 26.9%and 54.7%,respectively,and the system stability is stronger,which can fully satisfy the demand for data exchange in complex situations.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12102015 and 12472003)the R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission of China(No.KM202110005030)。
摘要Graphene platelets(GPLs)-reinforced metal foam structures enhance the mechanical properties while maintaining the lightweight characteristics of metal foams.Further bonding piezoelectric actuator and sensor layers on the surfaces of GPLs-reinforced metal foam beams enables active vibration control,greatly expanding their applications in the aerospace industry.For the first time,this paper investigates the vibration characteristics and active vibration control of GPLs-reinforced metal foam beams with surfacebonded piezoelectric layers.The constant velocity feedback scheme is used to design the closed-loop controller including piezoelectric actuators and sensors.The effects of the GPLs on the linear and nonlinear free vibrations of the beams are numerically studied.The Newmark-βmethod combined with Newton's iteration technique is used to calculate the nonlinear responses of the beams under different load forms including harmonic loads,impact loads,and moving loads.Additionally,special attention is given to the vibration reduction performance of the velocity feedback control on the responses of the beam.
基金supported by the Opening Foundation of China National Logging Corporation(CNLC20229C06)the China Petroleum Technical Service Corporation's science project'Development and application of 475 rotary steering system'(2024T-001001)。
摘要Rotary steering systems(RSSs)have been increasingly used to develop horizontal wells.A static push-the-bit RSS uses three hydraulic modules with varying degrees of expansion and contraction to achieve changes in the pushing force acting on the wellbore in different sizes and directions within a circular range,ultimately allowing the wellbore trajectory to be drilled in a predetermined direction.By analyzing its mathematical principles and the actual characteristics of the instrument,a vector force closed-loop control method,including steering and holding modes,was designed.The adjustment criteria for the three hydraulic modules are determined to achieve rapid adjustment of the vector force.The theoretical feasibility of the developed method was verified by comparing its results with the on-site application data of an imported rotary guidance system.
基金supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)。
摘要Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)are increasingly deployed in safety-critical missions that demand advanced control strategies capable of addressing nonlinear dynamics,stringent constraints,and uncertain environments.Model Predictive Control(MPC)has emerged as a powerful framework for these challenges,yet its finite-horizon nature requires additional stabilizing mechanisms to ensure reliable closed-loop performance.Among the existing stabilizing strategies,Lyapunov-based MPC has attracted significant attention for embedding explicit stability conditions into the optimization problem,providing a flexible and computationally efficient alternative to terminal-ingredient formulations.This paper provides a comprehensive survey of Lyapunovbased MPC for UAVs,examining its stabilizing mechanism and tracing its evolution from a theoretical tool to a practical framework.The survey classifies existing contributions according to control tasks,modeling fidelity,system architectures,stability assurance mechanisms,and validation strategies.Beyond a descriptive review,the survey critically analyzes fundamental limitations and deployment bottlenecks related to conservatism,assumptions,and real-time implementation.Finally,key research directions are outlined,focusing on reducing conservatism,improving scalability,enhancing robustness,and strengthening implementation-aware validation.These findings position Lyapunov-based MPC as a promising framework for next-generation UAV autonomy.
基金funded by the Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province(Grant no.tspn202408281)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant no.25ZR1402110)+1 种基金Shanghai Rising-Star Program(Grant no.21QA1402400)the Key R&D Program(Science and Technology Demonstration Project)of Shandong Province(Grant no.2022SFGC0104).
摘要Ethanol,a high-demand clean energy source,is primarily produced via fed-batch fermentation in industrial settings.Although our previous study identified an optimal glucose concentration of 30 g/L for maximal ethanol yield,the mechanisms underlying glucose-dependent cellular adaptation remain unclear.Here,we performed an integrated multi-omics analysis,including transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics,and fluxomics,to compare yeast cells under glucose-controlled and uncontrolled conditions.Our results indicate that high glucose stress triggers the regulation of transporters with different affinities and the upregulation of heat shock proteins(HSPs),trehalose,and amino acids.In contrast,protein turnover was reduced under glucose-controlled conditions,suggesting more efficient resource allocation.This metabolic reallocation enhances carbon flux through glycolysis,potentially providing additional energy and NADH to support biomass growth and ethanol production.These findings advance our understanding of yeast regulatory mechanisms under glucose stress and provide insights for metabolic engineering and process optimization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11875270 and 12205317)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2018015)。
摘要A dual-harmonic acceleration system is utilized to mitigate the space-charge effect in the rapid-cycling synchrotron of the China Spallation Neutron Source upgrade project(CSNS-II).A magnetic alloy(MA)-loaded cavity with a high accelerating gradient is developed to satisfy the requirements of dual-harmonic acceleration and provide the necessary second-harmonic cavity voltage.However,the MA-loaded cavity exhibits a wideband frequency response,resulting in numerous higher harmonics in the radio-frequency(RF)voltage.These higher harmonics are caused by both the beam-loading effect and distorted amplifier current,which distort the RF bucket,increase the power dissipation in the cavity,and lower the gradient.To address these issues,a multiharmonic independent feedback-control approach is implemented to compensate for higher harmonics.The effectiveness of this control strategy is validated experimentally.This study provides details regarding the feedback-control design and presents the commissioning results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20187,U22A2050)the Science Fund of Hebei Province(F2024203134,F2023203100)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Development Grant of Hebei Province(20311803D)Hebei Innovation Capability Improvement Plan project(22567619H)Basic Research Project of Shijiazhuang(241791007A)the China Scholarship Council(CSC 202308130190).
摘要Dear Editor,This letter investigates the fuzzy prescribed-time control(PTC)problem for a class of uncertain pure feedback nonlinear systems.Firstly,a novel prescribed-time stability lemma is introduced,which plays a critical role in stability analysis.Unlike existing PTC algorithms,where the nonlinear functions are typically known or satisfy a linear growth condition,our approach does not require such assumptions.To address these unknown factors,fuzzy logic systems(FLSs)are employed.Based on the new prescribed-time stability lemma,it is proven that the controller and all system states converge to the origin within the prescribed time and remain there.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated through a simulation example.
基金supported by the fund of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(KM202210017001 and 22019821001)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(222300420253).
摘要This paper discusses the design of event-triggered output-feedback controller for a class of nonlinear time-delay systems with multiple uncertainties. In sharp contrast to previous works, the considered systems possess two important characteristics: (i) The uncertain nonlinear terms meet the linearly unmeasurable-states dependent growth with the growth rate being an unknown function of the input and output. (ii) There exist input matching uncertainty and unknown measurement sensitivity. By introducing a single dynamic gain and employing a cleverly devised event-triggering mechanism (ETM), we design a new gain-based event-triggered output-feedback controller, which globally regulates all states of the considered systems and maintains global boundedness of the closed-loop system. Furthermore, the estimation of input matching uncertainty achieves convergence towards its actual value, and Zeno behavior does not happen. Two simulation examples including a practical one show that the proposed approach is effective.
基金supported by Liaoning Provincial Department of Education 2023 Basic Research Projects for Universities and Colleges(Grant No.JYTQN2023131)Liaoning Provincial Science and Technology Program:Cooperative Control and Recognition of Unmanned Vessels for Fishing Vessel Operation Scenarios(Grant No.600024003)Liaoning Provincial Department of Education Scientific Research Funding Project(Grant No.LJKZ0726).
摘要This paper proposes a separated trajectory tracking controller for fishing ships at sea state level 6 to solve the trajectory tracking problem of a fishing ship in a 6-level sea state,and to adapt to different working environments and safety requirements.The nonlinear feedback method is used to improve the closed-loop gain shaping algorithm.By introducing the sine function,the problem of excessive control energy of the system can be effectively solved.Moreover,an integral separation design is used to solve the influence of the integral term in conventional PID controllers on the transient performance of the system.In this paper,a common 32.98 m large fiberglass reinforced plastic(FRP)trawler is adopted for simulation research at the winds scale of Beaufort No.7.The results show that the track error is smaller than 3.5 m.The method is safe,feasible,concise and effective and has popularization value in the direction of fishing ship trajectory tracking control.This method can be used to improve the level of informatization and intelligence of fishing ships.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52450241,52305107,52441505,52275112,and 52075193)the State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing,China(HPMKF202403).
摘要The requirements for isolating outer vibration and suppressing inner disturbances are increasingly stringent and even approaching extreme limits in integrated circuit manufacturing,precision measurement,scientific experiments,etc.In comparison with passive isolation,active control methods can significantly enhance vibration isolation performance.However,different control strategies are mainly effective in different frequency domains,and performance may deteriorate in some frequency domains due to sensor noises.Active vibration isolation based on absolute-relative dynamic stiffness control via multi-sensor information fusion is proposed in this paper.This method can substantially improve vibration attenuation capability and position stability performances in broad bandwidth,with a particular focus on improving the resonance peak suppression capability in the ultra-low frequency domain.First,the effects of different control strategies on vibration isolation in different frequency domains are analyzed,and the hybrid control strategy is proposed by using both absolute relative signal feedback.Considering the noise characteristics of absolute velocity sensors and relative displacement sensors,different filters are accordingly adopted to improve vibration isolation performance.A one-dimensional experimental platform is established to conduct vibration control experiments under different configurations.The results demonstrate that vibration isolation performance across a wide frequency range can be significantly improved,and the proposed method further proves effective for micro-vibration systems.Typically,transmissibility can be reduced to as low as -30 dB at 1 Hz and -48 dB at 2 Hz,with guarantee of less than -50 dB within 10-50 Hz.Additionally,compliance results show 10-40 dB performance improvements across the broad frequency range(0.1-100 Hz)compared with the passive system.
基金partially supported by the Italian Ministry for Research in the framework of the 2020 Program for Research Projects of National Interest(2020RTWES4)。
摘要The Nelder-Mead simplex method is a well-known algorithm enabling the minimization of functions that are not available in closed-form and that need not be differentiable or convex.Furthermore,it is particularly parsimonious on the number of function evaluations,thus making it preferable to convex optimization paradigms in the case,common when dealing with control design problems,that the objective function of the optimization problem is non-differentiable,non-convex,and its closed-form is not available or difficult to be computed analytically.The main goal of this paper is to show how the joint use of the Nelder-Mead simplex method and the Morrison algorithm can be successfully used to solve relevant and challenging control problems that cannot be easily solved using analytic methods.In particular,it is shown how the problems of strong stabilization,static output feedback stabilization,and design of robust controllers having fixed structure can be framed as optimization problems,which,in turn,can be efficiently solved by coupling the two above mentioned algorithms.The performance of this procedure is compared with state-of-the-art techniques on dozens of static output feedback benchmark case studies,and its effectiveness is demonstrated by several examples.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFA1011803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62273064,61991400/61991403,61933012,62250710167,62203078)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0588)the Central University Project(2023CDJKYJH047)the Innovation Support Program for International Students Returning to China(cx2022016)
摘要This paper investigates the prescribed-time tracking control problem for a class of multi-input multi-output(MIMO)nonlinear strict-feedback systems subject to non-vanishing uncertainties. The inherent unmatched and non-vanishing uncertainties make the prescribed-time control problem become much more nontrivial. The solution to address the challenges mentioned above involves incorporating a prescribed-time filter, as opposed to a finite-time filter, and formulating a prescribed-time Lyapunov stability lemma(Lemma 5). The prescribed-time Lyapunov stability lemma is based on time axis shifting time-varying yet bounded gain, which establishes a novel link between the fixed-time and prescribed-time control method. This allows the restriction condition that the time-varying gain function must satisfy as imposed in most exist prescribed-time control works to be removed. Under the proposed control method, the desire trajectory is ensured to closely track the output of the system in prescribed time. The effectiveness of the theoretical results are verified through numerical simulation.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB4604100)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB3806104)+4 种基金Key Research and Development Program in Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2021LLRH-08-17)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2023QNRC001)K C Wong Education Foundation of ChinaYouth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities of ChinaKey Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(Grant 2021LLRH-08-3.1).
摘要Ensuring the consistent mechanical performance of three-dimensional(3D)-printed continuous fiber-reinforced composites is a significant challenge in additive manufacturing.The current reliance on manual monitoring exacerbates this challenge by rendering the process vulnerable to environmental changes and unexpected factors,resulting in defects and inconsistent product quality,particularly in unmanned long-term operations or printing in extreme environments.To address these issues,we developed a process monitoring and closed-loop feedback control strategy for the 3D printing process.Real-time printing image data were captured and analyzed using a well-trained neural network model,and a real-time control module-enabled closed-loop feedback control of the flow rate was developed.The neural network model,which was based on image processing and artificial intelligence,enabled the recognition of flow rate values with an accuracy of 94.70%.The experimental results showed significant improvements in both the surface performance and mechanical properties of printed composites,with three to six times improvement in tensile strength and elastic modulus,demonstrating the effectiveness of the strategy.This study provides a generalized process monitoring and feedback control method for the 3D printing of continuous fiber-reinforced composites,and offers a potential solution for remote online monitoring and closed-loop adjustment in unmanned or extreme space environments.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB2011300)the Special Funds Project for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of Jiangsu Province,China(No.BA2023039)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52075262)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.30922010706).
摘要The output feedback active disturbance rejection control of a valve-controlled cylinder electro-hydraulic servo system is investigated in this paper.First,a comprehensive nonlinear mathematical model that encompasses both matched and mismatched disturbances is formulated.Due to the fact that only position information can be measured,a linear Extended State Observer(ESO)is introduced to estimate unknown states and matched disturbances,while a dedicated disturbance observer is constructed to estimate mismatched disturbances.Different from the traditional observer results,the design of the disturbance observer used in this study is carried out under the constraint of output feedback.Furthermore,an output feedback nonlinear controller is proposed leveraging the aforementioned observers to achieve accurate trajectory tracking.To mitigate the inherent differential explosion problem of the traditional backstepping framework,a finite-time stable command filter is incorporated.Simultaneously,considering transient filtering errors,a set of error compensation signals are designed to counter their negative impact effectively.Theoretical analysis affirms that the proposed control strategy ensures the boundedness of all signals within the closed-loop system.Additionally,under the specific condition of only time-invariant disturbances in the system,the conclusion of asymptotic stability is established.Finally,the algorithm’s efficacy is validated through comparative experiments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12372064 and 12172291)the Youth and Middle-Aged Science and Technology Development Program of Shanghai Institute of Technology(Grant No.ZQ2024-10)。
摘要Conventional open-loop deep brain stimulation(DBS)systems with fixed parameters fail to accommodate interindividual pathological differences in Parkinson's disease(PD)management while potentially inducing adverse effects and causing excessive energy consumption.In this paper,we present an adaptive closed-loop framework integrating a Yogi-optimized proportional–integral–derivative neural network(Yogi-PIDNN)controller.The Yogi-augmented gradient adaptation mechanism accelerates the convergence of general PIDNN controllers in high-dimensional nonlinear control systems while reducing control energy usage.In addition,a system identification method establishes input–output dynamics for pre-training stimulation waveforms,bypassing real-time parameter-tuning constraints and thereby enhancing closed-loop adaptability.Finally,a theoretical analysis based on Lyapunov stability criteria establishes a sufficient condition for closed-loop stability within the identified model.Computational validations demonstrate that our approach restores thalamic relay reliability while reducing energy consumption by(81.0±0.7)%across multi-frequency tests.This study advances adaptive neuromodulation by synergizing data-driven pre-training with stability-guaranteed real-time control,offering a novel framework for energy-efficient and personalized Parkinson's therapy.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LY24F030011,LY23F030005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62373131).
摘要In this paper,a pair of dynamic high-gain observer and output feedback controller is proposed for nonlinear systems with multiple unknown time delays.By constructing Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals,it shows that global state asymptotic regulation can be ensured by introducing a single dynamic gain;furthermore,global asymptotic stabilization can be achieved by choosing a sufficiently large static scaling gain when the upper bounds of all system parameters are known.Especially,the output coefficient is allowed to be non-differentiable with unknown upper bound.This paper proposes a generalized Lyapunov matrix inequality based dynamic-gain scaling method,which significantly simplifies the design computational complexity by comparing with the classic backstepping method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2230207)。
摘要Achieving long spin coherence times is crucial for quantum precision measurements,and closed-loop control techniques are often employed to accomplish this goal.Here,we demonstrate the impact of closed-loop feedback control on nuclear spin precession in a metastability exchange optical pumping(MEOP)-based polarized3He system.We analyze the effects of feedback theoretically and validate our predictions experimentally.With optimized feedback parameters,the spin coherence time T2is extended by an order of magnitude.When the feedback strength surpasses a critical threshold,robust maser oscillations are spontaneously excited,demonstrating remarkable resistance to environmental noise and maintaining stable oscillation.This proof-of-principle experiment highlights the viability of MEOP-based3He spin oscillators,especially in low-frequency domains.The operational simplicity and easy integration associated with MEOP-based systems make them particularly promising for fast,high-precision magnetic field measurements.
摘要The paper presents an adaptive controller formulated for a class of nonaffine discrete-time systems with non-strict forms and unknown dynamics.The controller operates based solely on the measured output,thus obviating the need for knowledge of the physical order of the controlled plant.Utilizing an ideal solution and equivalent dynamics,the approach integrates an adaptive network with feedback and robust controllers to establish a closed-loop system.A learning law is derived under practical conditions of the designed parameters,ensuring effective closed-loop performance based on pure-output feedback.The controller’s effectiveness is validated through both numerical and experimental systems,with results meeting the conditions specified in the main theorem.Comparative analysis highlights the controller’s highly satisfactory performance and its advantages.This research offers a promising approach to adaptive control for discrete-time systems with non-strict dynamics,providing practical solutions for systems with unknown dynamics and indeterminate system order.