This paper presents a subspace identification method for closed-loop systems with unknown deterministic disturbances.To deal with the unknown deterministic disturbances,two strategies are implemented to construct the ...This paper presents a subspace identification method for closed-loop systems with unknown deterministic disturbances.To deal with the unknown deterministic disturbances,two strategies are implemented to construct the row space that can be used to approximately represent the unknown deterministic disturbances using the trigonometric functions or Bernstein polynomials depending on whether the disturbance frequencies are known.For closed-loop identification,CCF-N4SID is extended to the case with unknown deterministic disturbances using the oblique projection.In addition,a proper Bernstein polynomial order can be determined using the Akaike information criterion(AIC)or the Bayesian information criterion(BIC).Numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed identification method for both periodic and aperiodic deterministic disturbances.展开更多
Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for...Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.展开更多
This paper presents a defense framework for enhancing the safety of Large Language Model(LLM)-empowered Multi-Agent Systems(MAS)in safety-critical domains such as aerospace.We apply randomized smoothing—a statistical...This paper presents a defense framework for enhancing the safety of Large Language Model(LLM)-empowered Multi-Agent Systems(MAS)in safety-critical domains such as aerospace.We apply randomized smoothing—a statistical robustness certification technique—to the MAS consensus context,enabling probabilistic guarantees on agent decisions under adversarial influence.Unlike traditional verification methods,our approach operates in black-box settings and employs a two-stage adaptive sampling mechanism to balance robustness and computational efficiency.Simulation results demonstrate that our method effectively prevents the propagation of adversarial behaviors and hallucinations while maintaining consensus performance.This work provides a practical and scalable path toward safe deployment of LLM-based MAS in real-world high-stakes environments.展开更多
To address the finite-time tracking control problem for fractional-order nonlinear systems(FONSs) with actuator faults and external disturbance,a novel strategy of the finite-time adaptive fuzzy fault-tolerant control...To address the finite-time tracking control problem for fractional-order nonlinear systems(FONSs) with actuator faults and external disturbance,a novel strategy of the finite-time adaptive fuzzy fault-tolerant controller is presented in this paper by utilizing the finite-time stability theory and fractional-order dynamic surface control scheme combined with backstepping method.A new lemma is developed for analyzing the finite-time stability of FONSs in terms of fractional differential inequality,which modifies some existing results.Fuzzy logic systems are adopted to identify unknown nonlinear characteristics in FONS.In order to compensate for the influence of unknown external disturbance and estimation error for fuzzy logic systems,an auxiliary function is employed to estimate the upper bound of parameters online.Furthermore,a global coordinate transformation is first introduced initially to decouple the fractional-order dynamic system of a specific class of underactuated single-link flexible manipulator systems,thereby transforming it into lower triangular systems.Simulation analyses and experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of finite-time tracking control algorithm.展开更多
The regenerated exhaust gas was reutilized to configure a centrifugation-filtration coupled purification system(CFCPS),aiming to achieve a closed-loop gas purification process.It can be foreseen that this optimization...The regenerated exhaust gas was reutilized to configure a centrifugation-filtration coupled purification system(CFCPS),aiming to achieve a closed-loop gas purification process.It can be foreseen that this optimization will bring objective economic savings without sacrificing separation efficiency.A series of typical tests were carried out to analyze the influence of the reutilized exhaust gas on the pressure drop and the separation efficiency.Compared with the purification system without the reutilized exhaust gas,the purifier exhibited optimal performance at Q=800 m3/h,RV=25%,and Ci=30.24 g/m3.Notably,the median size of outlet particles decreased from 1.67μm to 0.821.04μm and the size range was narrowed when the exhaust gas was recycled.Moreover,the grade efficiency of the dust particles below 3μm was improved significantly with reutilization.The study indicates that the exhaust gas reutilization is an effective means to solve particle pollution,and further measurements are needed.展开更多
In this paper,the problem of proportional-integral observer(PIO)design is investigated for a class of discrete-time multi-rate systems with multiple sensors,with the sensor sampling periods being allowed to differ fro...In this paper,the problem of proportional-integral observer(PIO)design is investigated for a class of discrete-time multi-rate systems with multiple sensors,with the sensor sampling periods being allowed to differ from the system updating periods.The facilitation of communication between sensors and the remote PIO through wireless networks,which are subject to probabilistic packet dropouts,is achieved through the utilization of a decode-and-forward relay-based strategy.The occurrence of packet dropouts is governed by a Bernoulli-distributed random variable whose probability is dependent on the available transmission power.A decode-and-forward relay-based strategy,developed based on different components,is capable of processing information from different encoders at different physical locations.For the convenience of observer design,the lifting technique is employed with aim to cast the multi-rate system into a single-rate one.By establishing sufficient conditions,the combined effect of external noises and relaying-aided communication on estimation performance is intuitively illustrated.Subsequently,a PIO with an adjustable parameter is designed by solving certain optimization problems.A simulation example is finally provided to validate the theoretical results.展开更多
Dear Editor,With the growing food demands and the rapid development of intensive vegetable cultivation,the vegetable yield and planting area have increased to 230 million tons and 2.13 million hectares,respectively,in...Dear Editor,With the growing food demands and the rapid development of intensive vegetable cultivation,the vegetable yield and planting area have increased to 230 million tons and 2.13 million hectares,respectively,in China in 2021(MARAPRC,2023).展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter concerns the design of sliding mode control(SMC)for semi-Markov switching systems with time-varying transmission and impulse delay.The difficulties of this problem are:1)Time-varying transmissi...Dear Editor,This letter concerns the design of sliding mode control(SMC)for semi-Markov switching systems with time-varying transmission and impulse delay.The difficulties of this problem are:1)Time-varying transmission and impulse delay bring more nonlinear dynamic characteristics and lag effects;2)Semi-Markov mode switching introduces uncertainty;3)The reachable stage and sliding stage are affected by two types of impulses in the system,which increases the complexity of theoretical derivation.展开更多
This paper studies the problem of privacy preservation in achieving the average consensus of dynamic Multi-Agent Systems(MAS).Average consensus performs an essential role in dynamic MAS to promote collaboration,coordi...This paper studies the problem of privacy preservation in achieving the average consensus of dynamic Multi-Agent Systems(MAS).Average consensus performs an essential role in dynamic MAS to promote collaboration,coordinate decision-making,resolve conflicts,and enhance system reliability.The process of achieving average consensus requires the information exchange between agents,which raises concerns about sensitive data leakage.To address this issue,we propose a novel algorithm that combines state decomposition with edge characteristics in network topology to protect the critical data during the average consensus process.Specifically,the original state of each agent is decomposed into|Ni|+1 substates,where|Ni|represents the number of neighboring nodes.For each agent,the public substate performs the function of the original state to participate in computation and interaction between other agents,while the private parts only interact with the first one of the same agent and keep invisible to other agents.Unlike other approaches that focus solely on the privacy preservation of agents'initial state information,this paper extends to dynamic state of agents at every moment.Next,rigorous proofs of the accuracy in average consensus are provided.Furthermore,it is shown that privacy can be protected by employing our algorithm if agent i has at least one neighbor who is not an honest-but-curious agent.As for external eavesdroppers,a sufficient condition is presented that the state information is not estimated with any guaranteed accuracy.Finally,numerical simulations are presented to verify the effectiveness of our approach.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter studies the finite-time stability(FTS)problem of nonlinear impulsive systems with delayed impulses.The system under consideration is subjected to a flexible class of time-varying delays in impu...Dear Editor,This letter studies the finite-time stability(FTS)problem of nonlinear impulsive systems with delayed impulses.The system under consideration is subjected to a flexible class of time-varying delays in impulsive signals,allowing them to arbitrarily span one or more impulse instants.Sufficient Lyapunov-based conditions for FTS of such systems are presented,where a novel class of impulse time sequences is established for all admissible uncertainties of delayed impulses.展开更多
Diverse energy and power systems have been playing a significantly critical role in the revolution of sustainable energy supply for the future,which have a great impact on energy resources and efficiencies.Due to the ...Diverse energy and power systems have been playing a significantly critical role in the revolution of sustainable energy supply for the future,which have a great impact on energy resources and efficiencies.Due to the emerging artificial intelligence and machine learning,traditional modeling techniques in these energy systems have met challenges in still leveraging physics model and first principle-based approaches.Moreover,with the rapid development of hardware and computing techniques,new modeling approaches for energy systems have become more and more important for system design,integration,analysis,control,and management.展开更多
Iterative Learning Control(ILC)provides an effective framework for optimizing repetitive tasks,making it particularly suitable for high-precision applications in both precision manufacturing and intelligent transporta...Iterative Learning Control(ILC)provides an effective framework for optimizing repetitive tasks,making it particularly suitable for high-precision applications in both precision manufacturing and intelligent transportation systems(ITS).This paper presents a systematic review of ILC's developmental progress,current methodologies,and practical implementations across these two critical domains.The review first analyzes the key technical challenges encountered when integrating ILC into precision manufacturing workflows.Through case studies,it evaluates demonstrated improvements in positioning accuracy,surface finish quality,and production throughput.Furthermore,the study examines ILC’s applications in ITS,with particular focus on vehicular motion control applications including autonomous vehicle trajectory tracking,platoon coordination,and traffic signal timing optimization,where its data-driven characteristics enhance adaptability to dynamic environments.Finally,the paper proposes targeted future research directions that are essential for fully realizing ILC’s potential in advancing these interconnected yet distinct fields.展开更多
Modern business information systems face significant challenges in managing heterogeneous data sources,integrating disparate systems,and providing real-time decision support in complex enterprise environments.Contempo...Modern business information systems face significant challenges in managing heterogeneous data sources,integrating disparate systems,and providing real-time decision support in complex enterprise environments.Contemporary enterprises typically operate 200+interconnected systems,with research indicating that 52% of organizations manage three or more enterprise content management systems,creating information silos that reduce operational efficiency by up to 35%.While attention mechanisms have demonstrated remarkable success in natural language processing and computer vision,their systematic application to business information systems remains largely unexplored.This paper presents the theoretical foundation for a Hierarchical Attention-Based Business Information System(HABIS)framework that applies multi-level attention mechanisms to enterprise environments.We provide a comprehensive mathematical formulation of the framework,analyze its computational complexity,and present a proof-of-concept implementation with simulation-based validation that demonstrates a 42% reduction in crosssystem query latency compared to legacy ERP modules and 70% improvement in prediction accuracy over baseline methods.The theoretical framework introduces four hierarchical attention levels:system-level attention for dynamic weighting of business systems,process-level attention for business process prioritization,data-level attention for critical information selection,and temporal attention for time-sensitive pattern recognition.Our complexity analysis demonstrates that the framework achieves O(n log n)computational complexity for attention computation,making it scalable to large enterprise environments including retail supply chains with 200+system-scale deployments.The proof-of-concept implementation validates the theoretical framework’s feasibility withMSE loss of 0.439 and response times of 0.000120 s per query,demonstrating its potential for addressing key challenges in business information systems.This work establishes a foundation for future empirical research and practical implementation of attention-driven enterprise systems.展开更多
Objectives:To construct a systematic framework for college nursing teachers’lifelong learning ability guiding the professional development of college nursing teachers.Methods:Twenty participants(including 12 nursing ...Objectives:To construct a systematic framework for college nursing teachers’lifelong learning ability guiding the professional development of college nursing teachers.Methods:Twenty participants(including 12 nursing teachers,3 educational administrators,and 5 nursing students)were selected through purposive sampling from a university between July and December 2024.Semi-structured in-depth interviews guided by the five nested systems of Ecological Systems Theory(EST)were conducted to collect data,which were then analyzed using NVivo 12 software and grounded theory coding.Results:Grounded in the five nested systems of EST(individual,micro,meso,exo,macro),the“adaptation,planning,renovation,transformation,shaping(APRTS)”framework for college nursing teachers’lifelong learning ability was proposed for the first time,including 5 core dimensions and 15 sub-dimensions.A dynamic ecological cycle mechanism(adaptation→planning→renovation→transformation→shaping)emerged across these dimensions,reflecting the systematic and interactive nature of ability development.Conclusions:Grounded in EST,this framework systematically expounds the internal logic and development laws of college nursing teachers’lifelong learning ability,providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for responding to social changes,empowering educational transformation,and optimizing the educational ecosystem.It promotes a paradigm shift in teachers’career development from passive acceptance to active change.展开更多
The ability to simulate physical systems is essential for an understanding of their physical properties and advancing related technologies.However,simulating certain complex systems at scale,including many-body spin m...The ability to simulate physical systems is essential for an understanding of their physical properties and advancing related technologies.However,simulating certain complex systems at scale,including many-body spin models,is often a significant challenge for conventional computing approaches.Quantum simulators,employing controlled quantum systems that mimic the dynamics of a target system,can offer a more efficient approach.This work demonstrates the use of photonic circuits for quantum simulation of disordered spin systems,where quantum properties such as superposition and interference can be leveraged for a more efficient simulation.We fabricate and characterize a low-loss silicon-on-insulator chip with a buried aluminum mirror and a reconfigurable interferometer,which is employed in conjunction with two input photons to map the dynamics of a spin Hamiltonian with four-body interactions.Our results demonstrate several characteristics associated with the target system,such as spin-degenerate ground states and phase transitions,confirming the device's functionality as a quantum simulator of the spin system.展开更多
With the diversification of electricity trading forms driven by distributed energy technologies,the continuous growth of blockchain’s chained data structure poses dual challenges to traditional B+tree indexes in term...With the diversification of electricity trading forms driven by distributed energy technologies,the continuous growth of blockchain’s chained data structure poses dual challenges to traditional B+tree indexes in terms of query efficiency and storage costs.This paper proposes a sliding window-based learned index construction method(SW-LI).The method consists of two key components.First,block timestamp-height samples are selected using a sliding window and used to train a linear regression model that captures the timestamp-to-height mapping.Second,an adaptive window adjustment mechanism is introduced:when the prediction error within a window exceeds a threshold,the window is contracted to improve local fitting accuracy;otherwise,it is expanded to accelerate global index construction.Together,these components dynamically balance model accuracy and training efficiency.Experimental results demonstrate that when the block count increases from 5000 to 25,000,SW-LI improves index construction efficiency by 69.22%-88.22%compared to Anole.Under a 10,000-block scale,its prediction error is reduced by an average of 80%compared to Sliding Window Search-enhanced Online Gradient Descent(SWS-OGD),with a storage overhead of only 60 KB(25,000 blocks),validating the method’s ability to maintain query accuracy while significantly enhancing indexing efficiency.When the block contains 4000 transactions,the average total query latency of SW-LI is 46.15%lower than that of Anole,which is only 2.7%of the average query latency of SWS-OGD(i.e.,approximately 37 times faster).展开更多
Eco-friendly thiosulfate is a promising alternative to the high-toxic cyanide for gold extraction with copper-ammonia catalytic system being the most popular.However,the copper-ammonia catalysis causes the issues of h...Eco-friendly thiosulfate is a promising alternative to the high-toxic cyanide for gold extraction with copper-ammonia catalytic system being the most popular.However,the copper-ammonia catalysis causes the issues of high thiosulfate consumption,complex gold recovery process and ammonia pollution.An effective strategy to tackle these issues is to improve or replace the copper-ammonia system with a novel catalytic system(NCS).Various NCSs are classified and their current status and future prospectives are reviewed.The critical constituent factors of NCSs are summarized.The noteworthy developing trends of potential NCSs are also discussed.Furthermore,besides resin adsorption,other recovery methods such as solvent extraction deserve more attention to achieve selective gold recovery.Crucial insights into developing suitable NCSs to solve the existing challenges in the current thiosulfate leaching technology once and for all are offered,thus promoting its large-scale industrial application.展开更多
This study investigates stochastic resonance(SR)phenomena in bistable coupled networks driven by non-Gaussian noise.Employing signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and statistical complexity as quantitative metrics,we characteriz...This study investigates stochastic resonance(SR)phenomena in bistable coupled networks driven by non-Gaussian noise.Employing signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and statistical complexity as quantitative metrics,we characterize the SR behavior.First,the dimensionality of a coupled network system is reduced via the mean field theory.Subsequently,we derive closed-form analytical expressions of SNR by the path integral method,the slaving principle and the two-state model theory.Numerical simulations are used to validate the consistency between SR features identified through statistical complexity and those obtained via SNR calculations,thereby corroborating the reliability of our analytical framework.Both theoretical and numerical results conclusively demonstrate the occurrence of SR in the network system.Parametric analyses further elucidate the modulation of SR characteristics by three critical factors:non-Gaussian noise intensity parameters,noise correlation timescale and inter-node coupling strength.Finally,we explore the system's size resonance properties.展开更多
This paper introduces a computationally efficient global sensitivity analysis method for quantifying the influence of uncertain clamp support conditions on the natural frequencies of aero-engine pipe systems.The dynam...This paper introduces a computationally efficient global sensitivity analysis method for quantifying the influence of uncertain clamp support conditions on the natural frequencies of aero-engine pipe systems.The dynamic model is based on a three-dimensional Timoshenko beam finite element formulation,with clamps represented as distributed spring elements possessing anisotropic stiffness.To overcome the prohibitive cost of traditional Monte Carlo simulation,the multiplicative dimensional reduction method(M-DRM)is integrated with variance decomposition theory.This approach approximates the high-dimensional frequency response function as a product of univariate components,enabling rapid computation of Sobol’sensitivity indices with a computational cost reduced by three orders of magnitude.Numerical case studies on a planar Z-shaped pipe and a spatial series-parallel configuration reveal that clamp position parameters dominate the system’s natural frequency characteristics.For critical clamps,Sobol’indices exceed 0.8 across multiple vibration modes,whereas stiffness parameters exhibit negligible influence.The proposed methodology provides a rigorous and efficient tool for identifying dominant uncertainty sources,guiding tolerance allocation in manufacturing,and informing robust support design for vibration-sensitive piping systems.展开更多
In this paper,the bounded control gain based prescribed-time(Pre-T)consensus problem for general linear multiagent systems(MASs)with controllable agent dynamics is addressed.First,an observer with Pre-T performance is...In this paper,the bounded control gain based prescribed-time(Pre-T)consensus problem for general linear multiagent systems(MASs)with controllable agent dynamics is addressed.First,an observer with Pre-T performance is designed for each agent to estimate the leader's state within a prescribed time.Then,based on the estimated states,a Pre-T switching controller integrating a bounded control gain is developed by employing a special coordinate transformation in combination with the backstepping technique,under the assumption that the agents'system matrix pair is controllable.It is shown that the proposed controller enables general linear MASs to achieve the Pre-T consensus independently of the agents'initial conditions and control parameters.Notably,the controller eliminates the numerical implementation problem associated with unbounded control gains,without compromising the consensus performance.The proposed approach is further applied to high-order singleinput MASs to demonstrate its broader applicability.Finally,a simulation example validates the effectiveness of both the proposed observer and the Pre-T switching controller.展开更多
基金partially supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC1510902)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62073104)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(LH2022F024)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M710965)。
摘要This paper presents a subspace identification method for closed-loop systems with unknown deterministic disturbances.To deal with the unknown deterministic disturbances,two strategies are implemented to construct the row space that can be used to approximately represent the unknown deterministic disturbances using the trigonometric functions or Bernstein polynomials depending on whether the disturbance frequencies are known.For closed-loop identification,CCF-N4SID is extended to the case with unknown deterministic disturbances using the oblique projection.In addition,a proper Bernstein polynomial order can be determined using the Akaike information criterion(AIC)or the Bayesian information criterion(BIC).Numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed identification method for both periodic and aperiodic deterministic disturbances.
基金support from the Contract Research(“Development of Breathable Fabrics with Nano-Electrospun Membrane”,CityU ref.:9231419“Research and application of antibacterial and healing-promoting smart nanofiber dressing for children’s burn wounds”,CityU ref:PJ9240111)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(“Study of Multi-Responsive Shape Memory Polyurethane Nanocomposites Inspired by Natural Fibers”,Grant No.51673162)Startup Grant of CityU(“Laboratory of Wearable Materials for Healthcare”,Grant No.9380116).
摘要Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.
摘要This paper presents a defense framework for enhancing the safety of Large Language Model(LLM)-empowered Multi-Agent Systems(MAS)in safety-critical domains such as aerospace.We apply randomized smoothing—a statistical robustness certification technique—to the MAS consensus context,enabling probabilistic guarantees on agent decisions under adversarial influence.Unlike traditional verification methods,our approach operates in black-box settings and employs a two-stage adaptive sampling mechanism to balance robustness and computational efficiency.Simulation results demonstrate that our method effectively prevents the propagation of adversarial behaviors and hallucinations while maintaining consensus performance.This work provides a practical and scalable path toward safe deployment of LLM-based MAS in real-world high-stakes environments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62403340,62303339)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2026NSFSC1518)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(CPSF)(2025T180940,2024M762208)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20231783)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips(BCIC-24-K2)。
摘要To address the finite-time tracking control problem for fractional-order nonlinear systems(FONSs) with actuator faults and external disturbance,a novel strategy of the finite-time adaptive fuzzy fault-tolerant controller is presented in this paper by utilizing the finite-time stability theory and fractional-order dynamic surface control scheme combined with backstepping method.A new lemma is developed for analyzing the finite-time stability of FONSs in terms of fractional differential inequality,which modifies some existing results.Fuzzy logic systems are adopted to identify unknown nonlinear characteristics in FONS.In order to compensate for the influence of unknown external disturbance and estimation error for fuzzy logic systems,an auxiliary function is employed to estimate the upper bound of parameters online.Furthermore,a global coordinate transformation is first introduced initially to decouple the fractional-order dynamic system of a specific class of underactuated single-link flexible manipulator systems,thereby transforming it into lower triangular systems.Simulation analyses and experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of finite-time tracking control algorithm.
基金support received from supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant number:22408396)Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(Grant number:2462023XKBH010).
摘要The regenerated exhaust gas was reutilized to configure a centrifugation-filtration coupled purification system(CFCPS),aiming to achieve a closed-loop gas purification process.It can be foreseen that this optimization will bring objective economic savings without sacrificing separation efficiency.A series of typical tests were carried out to analyze the influence of the reutilized exhaust gas on the pressure drop and the separation efficiency.Compared with the purification system without the reutilized exhaust gas,the purifier exhibited optimal performance at Q=800 m3/h,RV=25%,and Ci=30.24 g/m3.Notably,the median size of outlet particles decreased from 1.67μm to 0.821.04μm and the size range was narrowed when the exhaust gas was recycled.Moreover,the grade efficiency of the dust particles below 3μm was improved significantly with reutilization.The study indicates that the exhaust gas reutilization is an effective means to solve particle pollution,and further measurements are needed.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62273239)the Royal Society of the UKthe Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany。
摘要In this paper,the problem of proportional-integral observer(PIO)design is investigated for a class of discrete-time multi-rate systems with multiple sensors,with the sensor sampling periods being allowed to differ from the system updating periods.The facilitation of communication between sensors and the remote PIO through wireless networks,which are subject to probabilistic packet dropouts,is achieved through the utilization of a decode-and-forward relay-based strategy.The occurrence of packet dropouts is governed by a Bernoulli-distributed random variable whose probability is dependent on the available transmission power.A decode-and-forward relay-based strategy,developed based on different components,is capable of processing information from different encoders at different physical locations.For the convenience of observer design,the lifting technique is employed with aim to cast the multi-rate system into a single-rate one.By establishing sufficient conditions,the combined effect of external noises and relaying-aided communication on estimation performance is intuitively illustrated.Subsequently,a PIO with an adjustable parameter is designed by solving certain optimization problems.A simulation example is finally provided to validate the theoretical results.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Planning Social Development Project of Zhenjiang City,China(No.SH2017045)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,China(No.SJCX23_2065)。
摘要Dear Editor,With the growing food demands and the rapid development of intensive vegetable cultivation,the vegetable yield and planting area have increased to 230 million tons and 2.13 million hectares,respectively,in China in 2021(MARAPRC,2023).
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62236005,61936004)。
摘要Dear Editor,This letter concerns the design of sliding mode control(SMC)for semi-Markov switching systems with time-varying transmission and impulse delay.The difficulties of this problem are:1)Time-varying transmission and impulse delay bring more nonlinear dynamic characteristics and lag effects;2)Semi-Markov mode switching introduces uncertainty;3)The reachable stage and sliding stage are affected by two types of impulses in the system,which increases the complexity of theoretical derivation.
基金co-supported by the National Key Research and Development Project,China(No.2022YFB3104005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62003275)+1 种基金the Basic Research Programs(2022)of Taicang,China(No.TC2022JC17)the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2021J046)。
摘要This paper studies the problem of privacy preservation in achieving the average consensus of dynamic Multi-Agent Systems(MAS).Average consensus performs an essential role in dynamic MAS to promote collaboration,coordinate decision-making,resolve conflicts,and enhance system reliability.The process of achieving average consensus requires the information exchange between agents,which raises concerns about sensitive data leakage.To address this issue,we propose a novel algorithm that combines state decomposition with edge characteristics in network topology to protect the critical data during the average consensus process.Specifically,the original state of each agent is decomposed into|Ni|+1 substates,where|Ni|represents the number of neighboring nodes.For each agent,the public substate performs the function of the original state to participate in computation and interaction between other agents,while the private parts only interact with the first one of the same agent and keep invisible to other agents.Unlike other approaches that focus solely on the privacy preservation of agents'initial state information,this paper extends to dynamic state of agents at every moment.Next,rigorous proofs of the accuracy in average consensus are provided.Furthermore,it is shown that privacy can be protected by employing our algorithm if agent i has at least one neighbor who is not an honest-but-curious agent.As for external eavesdroppers,a sufficient condition is presented that the state information is not estimated with any guaranteed accuracy.Finally,numerical simulations are presented to verify the effectiveness of our approach.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62173215)the Project for the Integrated Development of the City and Universities in Jinan(JNSX2024016)。
摘要Dear Editor,This letter studies the finite-time stability(FTS)problem of nonlinear impulsive systems with delayed impulses.The system under consideration is subjected to a flexible class of time-varying delays in impulsive signals,allowing them to arbitrarily span one or more impulse instants.Sufficient Lyapunov-based conditions for FTS of such systems are presented,where a novel class of impulse time sequences is established for all admissible uncertainties of delayed impulses.
基金supported by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,China,the Science Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China(No.21YJC630072)the Key Talent Project of the Yan Zhao Golden Platform for Talent Attraction in Hebei Province,China(No.HJYB202528).
摘要Diverse energy and power systems have been playing a significantly critical role in the revolution of sustainable energy supply for the future,which have a great impact on energy resources and efficiencies.Due to the emerging artificial intelligence and machine learning,traditional modeling techniques in these energy systems have met challenges in still leveraging physics model and first principle-based approaches.Moreover,with the rapid development of hardware and computing techniques,new modeling approaches for energy systems have become more and more important for system design,integration,analysis,control,and management.
基金funded by the Wuxi Young Scientific and Technological Talent Support Initiative,project number:TJXD-2024-203the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China,grant number:24KJB470027.
摘要Iterative Learning Control(ILC)provides an effective framework for optimizing repetitive tasks,making it particularly suitable for high-precision applications in both precision manufacturing and intelligent transportation systems(ITS).This paper presents a systematic review of ILC's developmental progress,current methodologies,and practical implementations across these two critical domains.The review first analyzes the key technical challenges encountered when integrating ILC into precision manufacturing workflows.Through case studies,it evaluates demonstrated improvements in positioning accuracy,surface finish quality,and production throughput.Furthermore,the study examines ILC’s applications in ITS,with particular focus on vehicular motion control applications including autonomous vehicle trajectory tracking,platoon coordination,and traffic signal timing optimization,where its data-driven characteristics enhance adaptability to dynamic environments.Finally,the paper proposes targeted future research directions that are essential for fully realizing ILC’s potential in advancing these interconnected yet distinct fields.
摘要Modern business information systems face significant challenges in managing heterogeneous data sources,integrating disparate systems,and providing real-time decision support in complex enterprise environments.Contemporary enterprises typically operate 200+interconnected systems,with research indicating that 52% of organizations manage three or more enterprise content management systems,creating information silos that reduce operational efficiency by up to 35%.While attention mechanisms have demonstrated remarkable success in natural language processing and computer vision,their systematic application to business information systems remains largely unexplored.This paper presents the theoretical foundation for a Hierarchical Attention-Based Business Information System(HABIS)framework that applies multi-level attention mechanisms to enterprise environments.We provide a comprehensive mathematical formulation of the framework,analyze its computational complexity,and present a proof-of-concept implementation with simulation-based validation that demonstrates a 42% reduction in crosssystem query latency compared to legacy ERP modules and 70% improvement in prediction accuracy over baseline methods.The theoretical framework introduces four hierarchical attention levels:system-level attention for dynamic weighting of business systems,process-level attention for business process prioritization,data-level attention for critical information selection,and temporal attention for time-sensitive pattern recognition.Our complexity analysis demonstrates that the framework achieves O(n log n)computational complexity for attention computation,making it scalable to large enterprise environments including retail supply chains with 200+system-scale deployments.The proof-of-concept implementation validates the theoretical framework’s feasibility withMSE loss of 0.439 and response times of 0.000120 s per query,demonstrating its potential for addressing key challenges in business information systems.This work establishes a foundation for future empirical research and practical implementation of attention-driven enterprise systems.
基金supported by grants from Educational Research Project of Hubei Higher Education Society in 2024(No.2024XA052)。
摘要Objectives:To construct a systematic framework for college nursing teachers’lifelong learning ability guiding the professional development of college nursing teachers.Methods:Twenty participants(including 12 nursing teachers,3 educational administrators,and 5 nursing students)were selected through purposive sampling from a university between July and December 2024.Semi-structured in-depth interviews guided by the five nested systems of Ecological Systems Theory(EST)were conducted to collect data,which were then analyzed using NVivo 12 software and grounded theory coding.Results:Grounded in the five nested systems of EST(individual,micro,meso,exo,macro),the“adaptation,planning,renovation,transformation,shaping(APRTS)”framework for college nursing teachers’lifelong learning ability was proposed for the first time,including 5 core dimensions and 15 sub-dimensions.A dynamic ecological cycle mechanism(adaptation→planning→renovation→transformation→shaping)emerged across these dimensions,reflecting the systematic and interactive nature of ability development.Conclusions:Grounded in EST,this framework systematically expounds the internal logic and development laws of college nursing teachers’lifelong learning ability,providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for responding to social changes,empowering educational transformation,and optimizing the educational ecosystem.It promotes a paradigm shift in teachers’career development from passive acceptance to active change.
基金supported by the Villum Fonden Young Investigator Project QUANPIC(Grant No.00025298)the Danish National Research Foundation Center of Excellence,SPOC(Grant No.DNRF123)。
摘要The ability to simulate physical systems is essential for an understanding of their physical properties and advancing related technologies.However,simulating certain complex systems at scale,including many-body spin models,is often a significant challenge for conventional computing approaches.Quantum simulators,employing controlled quantum systems that mimic the dynamics of a target system,can offer a more efficient approach.This work demonstrates the use of photonic circuits for quantum simulation of disordered spin systems,where quantum properties such as superposition and interference can be leveraged for a more efficient simulation.We fabricate and characterize a low-loss silicon-on-insulator chip with a buried aluminum mirror and a reconfigurable interferometer,which is employed in conjunction with two input photons to map the dynamics of a spin Hamiltonian with four-body interactions.Our results demonstrate several characteristics associated with the target system,such as spin-degenerate ground states and phase transitions,confirming the device's functionality as a quantum simulator of the spin system.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3105100).
摘要With the diversification of electricity trading forms driven by distributed energy technologies,the continuous growth of blockchain’s chained data structure poses dual challenges to traditional B+tree indexes in terms of query efficiency and storage costs.This paper proposes a sliding window-based learned index construction method(SW-LI).The method consists of two key components.First,block timestamp-height samples are selected using a sliding window and used to train a linear regression model that captures the timestamp-to-height mapping.Second,an adaptive window adjustment mechanism is introduced:when the prediction error within a window exceeds a threshold,the window is contracted to improve local fitting accuracy;otherwise,it is expanded to accelerate global index construction.Together,these components dynamically balance model accuracy and training efficiency.Experimental results demonstrate that when the block count increases from 5000 to 25,000,SW-LI improves index construction efficiency by 69.22%-88.22%compared to Anole.Under a 10,000-block scale,its prediction error is reduced by an average of 80%compared to Sliding Window Search-enhanced Online Gradient Descent(SWS-OGD),with a storage overhead of only 60 KB(25,000 blocks),validating the method’s ability to maintain query accuracy while significantly enhancing indexing efficiency.When the block contains 4000 transactions,the average total query latency of SW-LI is 46.15%lower than that of Anole,which is only 2.7%of the average query latency of SWS-OGD(i.e.,approximately 37 times faster).
基金Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52404310)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC2907801)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.ZR2021QE023)are all gratefully acknowledged.
摘要Eco-friendly thiosulfate is a promising alternative to the high-toxic cyanide for gold extraction with copper-ammonia catalytic system being the most popular.However,the copper-ammonia catalysis causes the issues of high thiosulfate consumption,complex gold recovery process and ammonia pollution.An effective strategy to tackle these issues is to improve or replace the copper-ammonia system with a novel catalytic system(NCS).Various NCSs are classified and their current status and future prospectives are reviewed.The critical constituent factors of NCSs are summarized.The noteworthy developing trends of potential NCSs are also discussed.Furthermore,besides resin adsorption,other recovery methods such as solvent extraction deserve more attention to achieve selective gold recovery.Crucial insights into developing suitable NCSs to solve the existing challenges in the current thiosulfate leaching technology once and for all are offered,thus promoting its large-scale industrial application.
基金partially supported by the Key Project of the Gansu Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.24JRRA226 and 23JRRA882)Lanzhou Youth Science and Technology Talent Innovation Project(Grant No.2024-QN-179)+3 种基金the Foundation for Innovative Fundamental Research Group Project of Gansu Province,China(Grant No.25JRRA805)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11602184 and 62463016)the Industrial Support and Guidance Project of Colleges and Universities of Gansu Province(Grant No.2024CYZC-23)Tianyou Youth Talent Lift Program of Lanzhou Jiaotong University。
摘要This study investigates stochastic resonance(SR)phenomena in bistable coupled networks driven by non-Gaussian noise.Employing signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and statistical complexity as quantitative metrics,we characterize the SR behavior.First,the dimensionality of a coupled network system is reduced via the mean field theory.Subsequently,we derive closed-form analytical expressions of SNR by the path integral method,the slaving principle and the two-state model theory.Numerical simulations are used to validate the consistency between SR features identified through statistical complexity and those obtained via SNR calculations,thereby corroborating the reliability of our analytical framework.Both theoretical and numerical results conclusively demonstrate the occurrence of SR in the network system.Parametric analyses further elucidate the modulation of SR characteristics by three critical factors:non-Gaussian noise intensity parameters,noise correlation timescale and inter-node coupling strength.Finally,we explore the system's size resonance properties.
基金funded by the Major Projects of Aero-Engines and Gas Turbines grant number J2019-I-0008-0008.
摘要This paper introduces a computationally efficient global sensitivity analysis method for quantifying the influence of uncertain clamp support conditions on the natural frequencies of aero-engine pipe systems.The dynamic model is based on a three-dimensional Timoshenko beam finite element formulation,with clamps represented as distributed spring elements possessing anisotropic stiffness.To overcome the prohibitive cost of traditional Monte Carlo simulation,the multiplicative dimensional reduction method(M-DRM)is integrated with variance decomposition theory.This approach approximates the high-dimensional frequency response function as a product of univariate components,enabling rapid computation of Sobol’sensitivity indices with a computational cost reduced by three orders of magnitude.Numerical case studies on a planar Z-shaped pipe and a spatial series-parallel configuration reveal that clamp position parameters dominate the system’s natural frequency characteristics.For critical clamps,Sobol’indices exceed 0.8 across multiple vibration modes,whereas stiffness parameters exhibit negligible influence.The proposed methodology provides a rigorous and efficient tool for identifying dominant uncertainty sources,guiding tolerance allocation in manufacturing,and informing robust support design for vibration-sensitive piping systems.
基金supported in part by the Key Project of the Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20261)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62373231)。
摘要In this paper,the bounded control gain based prescribed-time(Pre-T)consensus problem for general linear multiagent systems(MASs)with controllable agent dynamics is addressed.First,an observer with Pre-T performance is designed for each agent to estimate the leader's state within a prescribed time.Then,based on the estimated states,a Pre-T switching controller integrating a bounded control gain is developed by employing a special coordinate transformation in combination with the backstepping technique,under the assumption that the agents'system matrix pair is controllable.It is shown that the proposed controller enables general linear MASs to achieve the Pre-T consensus independently of the agents'initial conditions and control parameters.Notably,the controller eliminates the numerical implementation problem associated with unbounded control gains,without compromising the consensus performance.The proposed approach is further applied to high-order singleinput MASs to demonstrate its broader applicability.Finally,a simulation example validates the effectiveness of both the proposed observer and the Pre-T switching controller.