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Enhancing spiral microrobot dynamics in ratchet potentials:The role of Gaussian colored noise 认领 引用
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作者 Xinpeng Shi Kheder Suleiman 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第4期235-243,共9页
Random disturbances in microfluidic environments often cause pronounced trajectory deviations in microrobots,posing challenges for robust control.However,most existing models either neglect these disturbances or ideal... Random disturbances in microfluidic environments often cause pronounced trajectory deviations in microrobots,posing challenges for robust control.However,most existing models either neglect these disturbances or idealize them as Gaussian white noise,limiting their applicability.To address this,we investigate the influence of Gaussian colored noise(GCN)on the dynamics of a spiral microrobot navigating a ratchet potential.A stochastic dynamic model grounded in resistive force theory is proposed,and the system's response is analyzed using the steady-state probability density function.We systematically examine how variations in ratchet potential,fluid viscosity,and noise intensity affect the microrobot's average velocity and mean first passage time.Moreover,we explore how geometric design impacts propulsion efficiency under stochastic excitation.Results reveal that GCN can significantly enhance propulsion efficiency and promote directional transport,with these effects strongly dependent on the noise correlation time.These findings not only enrich the theoretical framework of noise-induced microrobot dynamics but also provide practical guidance for optimizing design and environmental parameters. 展开更多
关键词 spiral microrobot Gaussian colored noise ratchet potential stochastic dynamic model
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ZeEIL1–ZeERF113–ZeMC2 cascade enhances colored calla lily resistance to soft rot through the ethylene signaling pathway 认领 引用
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作者 Rongxin Gou Yi Wang +6 位作者 Tuo Yang Zhen Zeng Di Wang Yin Jiang Guojun Zhang Defeng Chen Zunzheng Wei 《Horticultural Plant Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第8期1910-1923,共14页
Soft rot caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum poses a major threat to the cultivation of colored calla lily(Zantedeschia elliottiana).This study identified ZeERF113 through transcriptome analysis and weighted gene coe... Soft rot caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum poses a major threat to the cultivation of colored calla lily(Zantedeschia elliottiana).This study identified ZeERF113 through transcriptome analysis and weighted gene coexpression network analysis(WGCNA),revealing its close association with the accumulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate(ACC)in colored calla lily after soft rot infection.The overexpression of ZeERF113 in Nicotiana tabacum significantly increased resistance to the pathogen,as evidenced by reduced lesion size,lower malondialdehyde(MDA)content,and elevated levels of various antioxidant enzymes.In colored calla lily,transient overexpression of ZeERF113 enhanced resistance to P.carotovorum,whereas silencing ZeERF113 weakened this resistance.Through yeast one-hybrid(Y1H)assays,dual-luciferase reporter assays,electrophoretic mobility shift assays(EMSAs),and biolayer interferometry(BLI)assays,we confirmed that ZeERF113 binds to and activates the promoter of ZeMC2.Transient overexpression of ZeMC2 in colored calla lily significantly enhanced resistance to P.carotovorum,while silencing ZeMC2 compromised this resistance.This study further revealed that ZeEIL1 responds to ethylene(ETH)signaling and subsequently activates the expression of ZeERF113,as demonstrated by Y1H assays,dual-luciferase reporter assays,EMSAs,and BLI assays.This discovery highlights the critical role of the ETH-regulated ZeEIL1–ZeERF113–ZeMC2 cascade in enhancing resistance to soft rot in colored calla lily,providing new insights into its disease resistance mechanism. 展开更多
关键词 Colored calla lily Pectobacterium carotovorum ERF transcription factor Metacaspase Ethylene Pathogen resistance
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Deep learning-based number of sources estimation under colored noise and imperfect array 认领 引用
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作者 Linqiang JIANG Tao TANG +2 位作者 Zhidong WU Ding WANG Paihang ZHAO 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第2期414-428,共15页
The estimation of the Number of Sources(NoS)is a significant challenge in signal processing,particularly due to the impact of colored noise on the performance of NoS estimation.This paper proposes a Multidimensional F... The estimation of the Number of Sources(NoS)is a significant challenge in signal processing,particularly due to the impact of colored noise on the performance of NoS estimation.This paper proposes a Multidimensional Feature Network(MFNet)which is designed for NoS estimation by extracting features of the sampled received signals and Sampled Covariance Matrix(SCM).The MFNet treats the raw signal and the SCM as two different types of data,and is able to achieve NoS estimation under colored noise and imperfect array.MFNet employs the Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)to capture sequential information from the original signal data and to construct the Pseudo Covariance Matrix(PCM).Subsequently,various dimensional features,including eigenvalues and the Gerschgorin disk radius,are extracted from both the PCM and SCM,which are then jointly input into the subsequent network.An overall accuracy of 82%can be achieved after network training.The ablation experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of multiple inputs.And simulation results demonstrate that the proposed MFNet achieves higher estimation accuracy compared to existing algorithms and exhibits greater robustness against colored noise. 展开更多
关键词 Number of source estimation Deep learning Colored noise Imperfect array Array signal processing
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Nondestructive prediction of leaf area in colored cotton cultivars:a comparative approach using machine learning models with an interactive web interface 认领 引用
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作者 SILVA RIBEIRO João Everthonda SILVA Antonio Gideilson Correiada +7 位作者 ALMEIDA OLIVEIRA Pablo Henriquede SANTOS COÊLHO Esterdos FAGUNDES Rislayne Ingrid MELO Ramon Silva SOUZA MORAIS Carlos Danielde SANTOS Diego Mendonça SILVEIRA Lindomar Mariada BARROS JÚNIOR Aurélio Paes 《Journal of Cotton Research》 CAS CSCD 2026年第1期89-106,共18页
Background Leaf area is a crucial indicator of plant growth and physiology,with direct measurements being destructive to the plant.This study aimed to develop and compare machine learning models[support vector regress... Background Leaf area is a crucial indicator of plant growth and physiology,with direct measurements being destructive to the plant.This study aimed to develop and compare machine learning models[support vector regression(SVR),adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS),and deep multilayer perceptron(DMLP)]and linear regression(LRM)for the nondestructive prediction of leaf area in five colored cotton cultivars.A total of 1334 leaves were sampled,and their length(L),width(W),and leaf area(LA)were determined via digitized images.The models were developed using 70%of the data for training and 30%for validation.Their performance was evaluated using the coefficient of determination(R2),root mean square error,mean absolute error,mean absolute percentage error,and Willmott's index of agreement.Results The results showed that the machine learning models,notably the ANFIS(triangular membership function),the DMLP(2-16-16-1 configuration),and the SVR[radial basis function(RBF)kernel],significantly outperformed the linear regression models in leaf area estimation accuracy.The ANFIS and DMLP models achieved the highest R2(0.9793,test),followed by the SVR model(R2=0.9790,test),all with minimal errors.Among the linear models,the LRM(using the L×W product)was the most effective(R2=0.9783).Conclusions On the basis of the performance criteria of the models,the machine learning models are more accurate for the nondestructive estimation of leaf area in colored cotton.The best-performing model(SVR with RBF kernel)was made available in an interactive web application,aiming to optimize crop management with accurate and nondestructive data. 展开更多
关键词 Colored cotton Leaf area Nondestructive prediction Linear regression Support vector regression Precision agriculture
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Tunable color display and efficient thermal regulation with grating colored radiative cooler 认领 引用
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作者 Chunzhen Fan Cong Ren Hengli Xie 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期757-765,共9页
Integrating color display with radiative cooling is of great importance for applications in both aesthetic appeal and thermal management.However,current colored radiative coolers primarily rely on geometric modulation... Integrating color display with radiative cooling is of great importance for applications in both aesthetic appeal and thermal management.However,current colored radiative coolers primarily rely on geometric modulation,resulting in monochromatic color and limiting their applicability.Here,we present a tunable colored radiative cooler(GCRC)comprising an upper grating emitter and a lower grating reflector.The emitter achieves a high average emissivity of 98.8%and 86.5%within the first and second atmospheric transparency windows simultaneously,and it demonstrates angularinsensitive emissivity(>70%)across 0–90°incident angle.Meanwhile,the grating reflector enables dynamic color manipulation through variations in polarization angle,dielectric layer thickness,and grating filling fraction.Notably,the GCRC demonstrates a maximum net nighttime cooling power of 232.08 W·mm-2at 300 K,and it reaches up to 74.6 W·m-2under solar irradiation.Thus,our design not only delivers vibrant,adjustable color but also outperforms conventional radiative coolers in terms of cooling efficiency,making it a promising solution for architectural coatings,smart aesthetics,and advanced thermal management systems. 展开更多
关键词 grating radiative cooling color display emitter reflector
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Comprehensive multi-omics analysis of nutrient dynamics in colored wheat provides novel insights into the development of functional foods 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Taotao Shi Xin Hu +5 位作者 Xinyi Wang Min Ao Yueqi Zhang Fangdi Li Wenhao Yan Wei Chen 《Seed Biology》 2025年第1期213-222,共10页
Studying the nutritional components and accumulation patterns in colored wheat grains is essential for improving wheat nutritional quality and advancing the development of functional foods.Through a comprehensive high... Studying the nutritional components and accumulation patterns in colored wheat grains is essential for improving wheat nutritional quality and advancing the development of functional foods.Through a comprehensive high-throughput metabolomics and ionomics analysis of grains from 16 colored wheat varieties at various growth stages,501 essential nutrients were identified.The findings revealed that colored wheat exhibited higher levels of anthocyanins,vitamins,iron,and zinc compared to white wheat.Anthocyanin levels increased in colored wheat varieties post-21 d after flowering,while other nutrients decreased as the grains matured.Interestingly,green wheat kernels were found to be more nutrient-rich than mature kernels,containing beneficial compounds such as polyphenols,flavonoids,amino acids,and vitamins,which make them ideal for functional food development.Transcriptome analysis identified key synthetic genes and transcription factors responsible for anthocyanidin accumulation in colored wheat.This study offers valuable insights for utilizing colored wheat varieties to improve crop nutrition and innovate in the field of functional foods. 展开更多
关键词 nutrient dynamics improving wheat nutritional quality ionomics colored wheat nutritional components metabolomics ionomics analysis functional foods
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Robust Backstepping Control of a Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle under Colored Noises 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Mehmet Karahan 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2025年第1期777-798,共22页
Advances in software and hardware technologies have facilitated the production of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).Nowadays,people actively use quadrotor UAVs in essential missions such as search and rescue,co... Advances in software and hardware technologies have facilitated the production of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).Nowadays,people actively use quadrotor UAVs in essential missions such as search and rescue,counter-terrorism,firefighting,surveillance,and cargo transportation.While performing these tasks,quadrotors must operate in noisy environments.Therefore,a robust controller design that can control the altitude and attitude of the quadrotor in noisy environments is of great importance.Many researchers have focused only on white Gaussian noise in their studies,whereas researchers need to consider the effects of all colored noises during the operation of the quadrotor.This study aims to design a robust controller that is resistant to all colored noises.Firstly,a nonlinear quadrotormodel was created with MATLAB.Then,a backstepping controller resistant to colored noises was designed.Thedesigned backstepping controller was tested under Gaussian white,pink,brown,blue,and purple noises.PID and Lyapunov-based controller designswere also carried out,and their time responses(rise time,overshoot,settling time)were compared with those of the backstepping controller.In the simulations,time was in seconds,altitude was in meters,and roll,pitch,and yaw references were in radians.Rise and settling time values were in seconds,and overshoot value was in percent.When the obtained values are examined,simulations prove that the proposed backstepping controller has the least overshoot and the shortest settling time under all noise types. 展开更多
关键词 Backstepping control colored noises Gaussian noise Lyapunov stability quadrotor robustness PID control
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Quantifying the Driving Effect of Colored Noise in Brownian Motors 认领 引用
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作者 Zhichao Zhang Yue Liu +1 位作者 Congmin Wu Dahai He 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第1期94-98,共5页
The colored noise disrupts the detailed balance,enabling directed transport in ratchet systems without additional driving forces.Despite a well-established understanding of the conditions for Brownian motors,quantific... The colored noise disrupts the detailed balance,enabling directed transport in ratchet systems without additional driving forces.Despite a well-established understanding of the conditions for Brownian motors,quantification of the driving effect of colored noise and its connection to deviations from equilibrium remains unexplored.In this study,we examined the directed motion of an overdamped Brownian motor within an asymmetric traveling potential subjected to Ornstein–Uhlenbeck colored noise.We propose a scheme to quantify the driving effect of colored noise by defining an effective force based on the stopping velocity of the traveling potential where directed transport halts.Our results revealed a nonmonotonic dependence of the effective force on the noise correlation time and a monotonic dependence on the noise strength,corresponding to double and single current reversals,respectively.The nonmonotonicity of the current is attributed to the interplay between the fluctuating characteristics and the driving effects of colored noise. 展开更多
关键词 Brownian colored directed
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Modeling and performance analysis of GNSS-based train positioning system with colored petri nets 认领 引用
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作者 Shuting Chen Daohua Wu +1 位作者 Jiang Liu Siqi Wang 《High-Speed Railway》 CSCD 2025年第3期175-184,共10页
Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)-based continuous and accurate train positioning is one of the key technologies for advanced train operations such as train virtual coupling.However,GNSS-based train positioning... Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)-based continuous and accurate train positioning is one of the key technologies for advanced train operations such as train virtual coupling.However,GNSS-based train positioning faces significant challenges in real-world scenarios due to environmental complexities and signal interferences.Considering this issue,this paper presents an approach for modeling and performance analysis of GNSS-based train positioning systems using Colored Petri Nets(CPNs).By systematically modeling the GNSS signal reception and processing process,the performance of the positioning system under various environment scenarios is evaluated.The system model integrates three types of interference signals(i.e.,Amplitude Modulation(AM)signals,Frequency Modulation(FM)signals,and pulse signals)while incorporating environmental factors such as terrain obstructions and tunnel shielding.Additionally,the Extended Kalman Filter(EKF)algorithm is employed to process GNSS observation data,providing accurate train position estimations.The simulation results demonstrate that signal interferences and complex environmental conditions significantly affect the GNSS-based positioning accuracy.This study offers a comprehensive framework for evaluating the performance of GNSS-based train positioning systems in different scenarios,highlighting critical factors that influence positioning accuracy and stability. 展开更多
关键词 GNSS-based train positioning Positioning performance Environment scenario GNSS signal interference Colored petri Nets
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Total phenolic, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of flour, noodles, and steamed bread made from different colored wheat grains by three milling methods 认领 引用 被引量：15
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作者 Yaoguang Li Dongyun Ma +4 位作者 Dexiang Sun Chenyang Wang Jian Zhang Yingxin Xie Tiancai Guo 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2015年第4期328-334,共7页
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of wheat variety, food processing, and milling method on antioxidant properties. Black wheat variety Heibaoshi 1 had the highest total phenolic content(659.8 μg... The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of wheat variety, food processing, and milling method on antioxidant properties. Black wheat variety Heibaoshi 1 had the highest total phenolic content(659.8 μg gallic acid equivalents g-1), total flavonoid content(319.3 μg rutin equivalents g-1), and antioxidant activity, whereas light purple wheat variety Shandongzimai 1 had the lowest total flavonoid content(236.2 μg rutin equivalents g-1) and antioxidant activity. Whole wheat flour and partially debranned grain flour had significantly higher total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity than refined flour(P < 0.05). Compared with flour, total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity decreased in noodles and steamed bread, whereas noodles had slightly higher total phenolic and flavonoid content than steamed bread. Antioxidant activities(by ferric reducing ability of plasma assay) of steamed bread made from whole wheat flour, partially debranned grain flour, and refined flour were 23.5%, 21.1%, and 31.6% lower, respectively, than the corresponding values of flour. These results suggested that black whole wheat flour and partially debranned grain flour are beneficial to human health. 展开更多
关键词 Total phenolic content Total flavonoid content Milling method Antioxidant activity Colored wheat
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Coupling of reduced inorganic fertilizer with plant-based organic fertilizer as a promising fertilizer management strategy for colored rice in tropical regions 认领 引用 被引量：10
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作者 Tingcheng Zhao Aibin He +3 位作者 Mohammad Nauman Khan Qi Yin Shaokun Song Lixiao Nie 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期93-107,共15页
Colored rice is a type of high-quality,high-added-value rice that has attracted increasing attention in recent years.The use of large amounts of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer in rice fields results in low fertilizer u... Colored rice is a type of high-quality,high-added-value rice that has attracted increasing attention in recent years.The use of large amounts of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer in rice fields results in low fertilizer use efficiency and high environmental pollution.Organic fertilizer is a promising way to improve soil quality and sustain high yields.However,most studies focus on the effect of animal-based organic fertilizers.The effects of different ratios of plantbased organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer on the grain yield and quality of colored rice have rarely been reported.Therefore,a two-year field experiment was conducted in 2020 and 2021 to study the effects of replacing inorganic N fertilizers with plant-based organic fertilizers on the yield,nitrogen use efficiency(NUE),and anthocyanin content of two colored rice varieties in a tropical region in China.The experimental treatments included no nitrogen fertilization(T1),100% inorganic nitrogen fertilizer(T2),30%inorganic nitrogen fertilizer substitution with plant-based organic fertilizer(T3),60%inorganic nitrogen fertilizer substitution with plant-based organic fertilizer(T4),and 100% plantbased organic fertilizer(T5).The total nitrogen provided to all the treatments except T1 was the same at 120 kg ha-1.Our results showed that the T3 treatment enhanced the grain yield and anthocyanin content of colored rice by increasing nitrogen use efficiency compared with T2.On average,grain yields were increased by 9 and 8%,while the anthocyanin content increased by 16 and 10% in the two colored rice varieties under T3 across the two years,respectively,as compared with T2.Further study of the residual effect of partial substitution of inorganic fertilizers showed that the substitution of inorganic fertilizer with plant-based organic fertilizer improved the soil physiochemical properties,and thus increased the rice grain yield,in the subsequent seasons.The highest grain yield of the subsequent rice crop was observed under the T5 treatment.Our results suggested that the application of plantbased organic fertilizers can sustain the production of colored rice with high anthocyanin content in tropical regions,which is beneficial in reconciling the relationship between rice production and environmental protection. 展开更多
关键词 colored rice organic fertilizer soil quality grain yield anthocyanin
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Spectral Characterization of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter for Productive Inland Waters and Its Source Analysis 认领 引用 被引量：8
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作者 SONG Kaishan LI Lin +3 位作者 Lenore TEDESCO Nicolas CLERCIN LI Linhai SHI Kun 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2015年第3期295-308,共14页
This study examined the spatiotemporal dynamics of colored dissolved organic matter （CDOM） and spectral slope （S）, and further to analyze its sources in three productive water supplies （Eagle Creek, Geist and Mor... This study examined the spatiotemporal dynamics of colored dissolved organic matter （CDOM） and spectral slope （S）, and further to analyze its sources in three productive water supplies （Eagle Creek, Geist and Morse reservoirs） from Indiana, USA. The re- sults showed that he absorption coefficient aCDOM（440） ranged from 0.37 m-1 to 3.93 m-1 with an average of 1.89 ± 0.76 m-1 （±SD） for the aggregated dataset, and S varied from 0.0048 nm -1 to 0.0239 nm-1 with an average of 0.0108 ±0.0040 nmI. A significant relation- ship between S and aCDOM（440） can be fitted with a power equation （S = 0.013 × aCDOM（440）-0.42, R2 = 0.612）, excluding data from Geist Reservoir during high flow （12 April 2010） and the Morse Reservoir on 25 June 2010 due to a T-storm achieves even higher determina- tion coefficient （R2 = 0.842）. Correlation analysis indicated that aCDOM（440） has strong association with inorganic suspended matter （ISM） concentration （0.231 〈 R2 〈 0.786） for each of the field surveys, and this trend followed the aggregated datasets （R2 = 0.447, p 〈 0.001）. In contrast, chlorophyll-a was only correlated with aCDOM（440） in summer and autumn （0.081 〈 R2 〈 0.763）, indicating that CDOM is mainly from terrigenous sources in early spring and that phytoplankton contributed during the algal blooming season. The S value was used to characterize CDOM origin. The results indicate that the CDOM source is mainly controlled by hydrological varia- tions, while phytoplankton originated organic matter also closely linked with CDOM dynamics in three productive reservoirs. 展开更多
关键词 absorption coefficient colored dissolved organic matter （CDOM） chlorophyll-a spectral slope （S） inorganic suspendedmatter （ISM）
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Characteristics of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase gene promoters from different leaf colored Malus crabapple cultivars 认领 引用 被引量：9
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作者 Ji Tian Meng-chen Chen +4 位作者 Jie Zhang Ke-ting Li Ting-ting Song Xi Zhang Yun-cong Yao 《Horticulture Research》 SCIE 2017年第1期32-41,共10页
Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites in land plants that contribute to the colors of leaves and flowers,and are nutritionally valuable components of the human diet.The DFR gene plays an important role in the anthocy... Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites in land plants that contribute to the colors of leaves and flowers,and are nutritionally valuable components of the human diet.The DFR gene plays an important role in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway.In this study,we investigated the regulation of DFR expression and in different Malus crabapple cultivars that show distinct patterns of leaf coloration,and how it influences leaf anthocyanin accumulation and coloration.Specifically,we studied the ever-red leaved cultivar‘Royalty’,the ever-green leaved cultivar‘Flame’and the spring-red leaved cultivar‘Radiant’.RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of McDFR1 correlated with the expression of a MYB transcription factor,McMYB10,and with anthocyanin accumulation.We isolated five McDFR1 promoter fragments from the three cultivars and identified four different fragments(F1–4)that were present either in several cultivars,or only in one.Yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assay analyses showed that McMYB10 could bind to all the McDFR1 promoters,except McDFR1-Ra2.The F1,F2 and F3 fragments did not affect McMYB10 binding to the McDFR1 promoters;however,we found evidence that the F4 fragment suppressed binding,and that the MYBGAHV amino-acid sequence maybe an important cis-element for McMYB10 protein binding.This information has potential value for strategies to modify plant color through genetic transformation. 展开更多
关键词 cultivar colored flowers
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Concentration and Characterization of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter in the Surface Microlayer and Subsurface Water of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea 认领 引用 被引量：6
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作者 ZHANG Jing ZHAO Junjie +1 位作者 YANG Guipeng LIU Weifeng 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第2期383-393,共11页
The distribution and chemical properties of colored dissolved organic matter(CDOM) in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea during December 2011-January 2012 were investigated. The input of freshwater and biological a... The distribution and chemical properties of colored dissolved organic matter(CDOM) in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea during December 2011-January 2012 were investigated. The input of freshwater and biological activities had an evident influence on the CDOM levels(characterized by the light absorption coefficient at the wavelength of 355 nm a355) in the study area. The spatial distribution of CDOM levels displayed a gradually decreasing trend from the coastal waters(0.37 m-1) to the open sea(0.18 m-1). The spectral slope ratio(the slope ratio S_R defined as S275-295:S350-400) during the cruise was correlated with salinity, and exhibited a large variation from inshore(average of 2.515) to offshore sites(average of 5.327) compared with the distribution of a355. The values of S_R were related to CDOM molecular weight(MW). The a355, S_R, and chlorophyll a in 37 samples collected from the surface microlayer were significantly correlated with those in the corresponding subsurface water samples, implying a strong exchange action between the microlayer and bulk water. The a355 and S_R of CDOM exhibited significant microlayer enrichment, with mean enrichment factors(EFs) of 1.72 and 1.62, respectively. 展开更多
关键词 colored dissolved organic matter(CDOM) absorption coefficient spectral slope ratio Yellow Sea East China Sea
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Novel yellow colored flame compositions with superior spectral performance 认领 引用 被引量：6
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作者 Ramy Sadek Mohamed Kassem +1 位作者 Mohamed Abdo Sherif Elbasuney 《Defence Technology（防务技术）》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第1期33-39,共7页
The production of colored flames is the primary purpose of military signaling, projectile tracing, and illuminating devices. Certain elements and compounds when heated to high temperature have the unique property of e... The production of colored flames is the primary purpose of military signaling, projectile tracing, and illuminating devices. Certain elements and compounds when heated to high temperature have the unique property of emitting lines or narrow bands in the visible region(380-780 nm). This study, reports on the development of novel yellow colored flame compositions with enhanced spectral performance in terms of luminous intensity, and color quality to standard Russian yellow tracer. The light intensity and the imprint spectra of developed yellow flares were measured using digital luxmeter and UV e Vis. spectrometer respectively. The main giving of this study is that the light intensity, and color quality of Russian yellow tracer were improved by 287%, and 170% respectively. This was accomplished by means of optimizing the ratio of novel binder to color source using aluminum metal fuel. Aluminumbased formulations were found to maximize the formation of yellow reactive emitting specimens, and to eliminate any interfering incandescent emission resulted from Mg O. Quantification of yellow color emitting specimens in the combustion gaseous products was achieved using chemical equilibrium thermodynamic code named ICT(Institute of Chemical Technology in Germany, Virgin 2008); in an attempt to judge the light quality. This improvement in yellow flare performance established the rule that the emission intensity increases as the reaction temperature increases. In the meantime upper limit of temperature was avoided to maximize the color quality. 展开更多
关键词 Pyrotechnics Colored flames Yellow tracer Atomic spectroscopy Color quality
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Spatial and temporal variability of colored dissolved organic matter absorption properties in the Taiwan Strait 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 LIN Hui GUO Weidong +2 位作者 HU Minghui LIN Cai JI Weidong 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第5期98-106,共9页
Spatial and temporal variability of the absorption properties of colored dissolved organic matter （CDOM） in the Taiwan Strait was investigated in summer （July to August of 2006） and winter （from December 2006 to ... Spatial and temporal variability of the absorption properties of colored dissolved organic matter （CDOM） in the Taiwan Strait was investigated in summer （July to August of 2006） and winter （from December 2006 to January of 2007） seasons. The CDOM absorption coefficient at 280 nm （a 280 ） showed a decreasing trend from nearshore to offshore areas while the spectral slope coefficient parameter calculated between wavelengths 275–295 nm （S 275 295 ） showed an increase, indicative of decreasing aromaticity and molecular weight of the CDOM. The average a 280 in winter （1.47 ± 0.50 m ^-1 ） was significantly higher than in summer （1.10 ± 0.41 m ^-1 ）, while the average S 275 295 in winter （26.7 ± 5.2 μm^- 1 ） was significantly lower than in summer （30.6 ± 5.5 μm^- 1 ）, demonstrating clear seasonal variation in CDOM abundance and properties in the Taiwan Strait. A three-end- member conservative mixing model showed that local terrestrial CDOM inputs from several rivers along the western coast were small （〈5%）. However, the distribution of CDOM in the Taiwan Strait is mainly controlled by water mass movement [i.e., the Zhe-min Coastal Current （ZCC） and the Kuroshio Branch Current （KBC） in winter and the South China Sea Water （SCSW） in summer]. Biological activity was also an important factor affecting the distribution of CDOM in the offshore region in summer months. 展开更多
关键词 colored dissolved organic matter absorption properties seasonal variation hydrology Taiwan Strait
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The satellite reversion of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) based on the analysis of the mixing behavior of DOC and colored dissolved organic matter: the East China Sea as an example 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 LIU Qiong PAN Delu +4 位作者 BAI Yan WU Kai CHEN Chen-Tung Arthur SUN Jun ZHANG Lin 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第2期1-11,共11页
The retrieval of dissolved organic carbon （DOC） distribution by remote sensing is mainly based on the em- pirical relationship of DOC concentration and colored dissolved organic matter （CDOM） concentration in many... The retrieval of dissolved organic carbon （DOC） distribution by remote sensing is mainly based on the em- pirical relationship of DOC concentration and colored dissolved organic matter （CDOM） concentration in many literatures. To investigate the nature of this relationship, the distributions and mixing behaviors of DOC and CDOM are reviewed in the world＇s major estuaries and bays. It is found that, generally, the C- DOM concentration is well correlated with the salinity in most estuaries, while DOC usually shows a non- conservative behavior which leads to a weak correlation between the DOC concentration and the CDOM concentration. To establish a good satellite reversion of the DOC concentration, the East China Sea（ECS） was taken as an example, and the mixing behavior of DOC and CDOM as well as the influence of biogeo- chemical processes were analyzed except for the physical mixing process with the data from late autumn （November, 2010） and winter （December, 2009） cruises. In the two ECS cruises, the CDOM concentration was found to be tightly correlated with the salinity, influenced little by the photochemical or biological pro- cesses. The data from the winter cruise show that DOC followed a conservative mixing along the salinity gradient, while in the late autumn cruise it was significantly affected by the biological activities, resulting in a poor correlation between the DOC and the CDOM. Accordingly, an improved DOC algorithm （CSDM） was proposed： when the biological influence was significant （Chl a greater than 0.8 μg/dm3）, DOC was retrieved by the conservative and biological model, and if the conservative mixing was dominant （Chl a less than 0.8 μg/dm3）, the direct DOC concentration and CDOM concentration relationship was used. Based on the pro- posed algorithm, a reasonable DOC distribution for the ECS from satellite was obtained in this study, and the proposed method can be applied to the other large river-dominant marginal sea. 展开更多
关键词 dissolved organic carbon colored dissolved organic matter estuary East China Sea satellite reversion
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Modeling Method of Automotive Body CAN/LIN Nets Application Protocol Based on Object-oriented Colored Petri Net 认领 引用 被引量：8
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作者 FANG Hua HAN Jianghong and LIU Xiaoping 《Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2011年第6期999-1006,共8页
Recently automotive nets are adopted to solve increasing problems in automotive electronic systems.Technologies of automotive local area network from CAN and LIN can solve the problems of the increasing of wire bunch ... Recently automotive nets are adopted to solve increasing problems in automotive electronic systems.Technologies of automotive local area network from CAN and LIN can solve the problems of the increasing of wire bunch weight and lack in module installation space.However,the multilayer automotive nets software becomes more and more complex,and the development expense is difficult to predict and to keep in check.In this paper,the modeling method of hierarchical automotive nets and the substitution operation based on object-oriented colored Petri net(OOCPN) are proposed.The OOCPN model which analyzes the software structure and validates the collision mechanism of CAN/LIN bus can speed the automobile system development.First,the subsystems are divided and modeled by object-oriented Petri net(OOPN).According to the sets of message sharing relations,the message ports among them are set and the communication gate transitions are defined.Second,the OOPN model is substituted step by step until the inner objects in the automotive body control modules(BCM) are indivisible and colored by colored Petri net(CPN).And the color subsets mark the node messages for the collision mechanism.Third,the OOCPN model of the automotive body CAN/LIN nets is assembled,which keeps the message sets and the system can be expanded.The proposed model is used to analyze features of information sharing among the objects,and it is also used to describe each subsystem real-time behavior of processing messages and implemental device controllers operating,and puts forward a reasonable software framework for the automotive body control subsystem.The research can help to design the communication model in the automotive body system effectively and provide a convenient and rapid way for developing the logical hierarchy software. 展开更多
关键词 automotive body CAN/LIN bus information sharing object-oriented colored Petri net modeling
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Corrosion resistance properties of colored zirconium conversion coating and powder coating on cold-rolled steel 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Ai-Hua Wu Yao-Zu Wang +3 位作者 Tong-Kuan Xu Zhi Li Sheng-Ji Luan Feng-Zuo Qu 《Rare Metals》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第3期1005-1010,共6页
Jiuhe Corporation developed a new surface pretreatment for producing a phosphate-free and colored zirconium conversion coating on cold-rolled steel(CRS).Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy-dispersive spectrosc... Jiuhe Corporation developed a new surface pretreatment for producing a phosphate-free and colored zirconium conversion coating on cold-rolled steel(CRS).Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)were applied to study the surface morphology and elemental composition of the golden yellow-colored conversion coating.Elec trochemic al impedance spectroscopy(EIS)was used to investigate the electrochemical performance of the conversion coatings with different colors.The corrosion resistance properties of the powder coatings were characterized using the neutral salt spray test(NSS)and the tape adhesion test.The EIS and NSS results demonstrate that the colored zirconium conversion coatings exhibit excellent corrosion resistance properties compared with the bare CRS.The golden yellow-colored conversion coating has a maximum EIS value(748Ω·cm2)and achieves 0 mm degree of corrosion,as stipulated by EN ISO 4628-8.This paper proposes a hypothesis concerning the ZrO2-(β-FeOOH)-polymer conversion reaction to explain the color changes. 展开更多
关键词 Surface pretreatment Colored conversion coating Zirconium oxide Powder coating Corrosion protection
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Flavanone and flavonoid hydroxylase genes regulate fiber color formation in naturally colored cotton 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Hongli Zheng Bailin Duan +6 位作者 Bo Yuan Zhengbin Chen Dongliang Yu Liping Ke Wenlong Zhou Haifeng Liu Yuqiang Sun 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第3期766-773,共8页
Using naturally colored cotton(NCC)can eliminate dyeing,printing and industrial processing,and reduce sewage discharge and energy consumption.Proanthocyanidins(PAs),the primary coloration components in brown fibers,ar... Using naturally colored cotton(NCC)can eliminate dyeing,printing and industrial processing,and reduce sewage discharge and energy consumption.Proanthocyanidins(PAs),the primary coloration components in brown fibers,are polyphenols formed by oligomers or polymers of flavan-3-ol units derived from anthocyanidins.Three essential structural genes for flavanone and flavonoid hydroxylation encoding flavanone-3-hydroxylase(F3H),flavonoid 3’-hydroxylase(F3’H)and flavonoid 3’5’-hydroxylase(F3’5’H)are initially committed in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway to produce common precursors.The three genes were all expressed predominantly in developing fibers of NCCs,and their expression patterns varied temporally and spatially among NCC varieties.In GhF3Hi,GhF3’Hi and GhF3’5’Hi silenced lines of NCC varieties XC20 and ZX1,the expression level of the three genes decreased in developing cotton fiber,negatively correlated with anthocyanidin content and fiber color depth.Fiber color depth and type in RNAi lines changed with endogenous gene silencing efficiency and expression pattern,the three hydroxylase genes functioned in fiber color formation.GhF3H showed functional differentiation among NCC varieties and GhF3’H acted in the accumulation of anthocyanin in fiber.Compared with GhF3’H,GhF3’5’H was expressed more highly in brown fiber with a longer duration of expression and caused lighter color of fibers in GhF3’5’H silenced lines.These three genes regulating fiber color depth and type could be used to improve these traits by genetic manipulation. 展开更多
关键词 Naturally colored cotton Brown cotton fiber Fiber color Anthocyanidin Flavanone/flavanoid hydroxylase
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