The penetration of shaped charge jets into targets at high velocities is significantly influenced by the compressibility effect,while at low velocities,the strength effect becomes predominant.In the latter regime,mate...The penetration of shaped charge jets into targets at high velocities is significantly influenced by the compressibility effect,while at low velocities,the strength effect becomes predominant.In the latter regime,material strength dictates the resistance to plastic deformation and flow,a contrast to the shockwave-dominated interactions where compressibility is key.This paper presents a self-consistent compressible penetration theory that considers both the axial penetration and radial crater growth of shaped charge jets into targets.An integrated approach where the axial and radial dynamics are coupled has been proposed,influencing each other through shared physical principles rather than being treated as separate,empirically linked phenomena.The presented theory is rooted in the compressible Bernoulli equation and the linear Rankine-Hugoniot relation.These foundational equations are employed to accurately model the high-pressure shock state and subsequent material flow at the jet-target interface,providing a robust physical basis for the penetration model.Notably,it considers the target material's compressibility,which elevates the pressure at the jet-target interface beyond that observed with incompressible materials.This pressure increase is directly proportional to the target's degree of compressibility.As such,this model of compressible penetration reorients the analytical approach:rather than merely estimating penetration resistance,it determines this value from the target material's specific compressibility and yield strength.This shift from empirical correlations to a physics-based derivation of penetration resistance enhances the model's predictive power,particularly for novel target materials or engagement conditions outside established experimental datasets.This investigation establishes a quantitative link between the material's yield strength and its penetration resistance.The accuracy of this penetration resistance value is paramount,as it significantly influences the predicted crater diameter;indeed,the crater diameter's sensitivity to this resistance underscores the necessity for its precise determination.Ultimately,by integrating the yield strength of the target material,this framework enables the prediction of both the penetration depth and the resultant crater diameter from a shaped charge jet.The theory's validation involved two experimental sets:the first focused on shaped charge jet penetration into 45#steel at varied stand-offs,while the second utilized targets of high-to ultrahigh-strength steel-fiber reactive powder concrete(RPC)with differing strength characteristics.These experimental campaigns were specifically chosen to test the theory against both ductile metallic alloys,where plastic flow is significant,and advanced quasi-brittle cementitious composites,presenting a broad spectrum of material responses and penetration challenges.Resulting hole profiles derived from theoretical calculations demonstrated a strong correspondence with empirical measurements for both material types.展开更多
Increased access to pharmaceuticals necessitates proper disposal practices to prevent environmental contamination.Irresponsible disposal leads to the infiltration of pharmaceuticals,which can potentially affect the so...Increased access to pharmaceuticals necessitates proper disposal practices to prevent environmental contamination.Irresponsible disposal leads to the infiltration of pharmaceuticals,which can potentially affect the soil's engineering and agricultural properties.Literature focusing on this topic is limited,which is the motivation of this study.The main aim of this study is to assess the impact of increasing concentrations of pharmaceutical(diclofenac)in pore water on the compressibility and strength characteristics of Malaysian residual soil and potential implications affecting the safety and stability of urban infrastructure.This aim is achieved using a series of standard laboratory experiments to determine one-dimensional(1D)consolidation,direct shear strength,stress-dilatancy,and critical-state behaviors of compacted residual clay samples.The experiments also examined the compressibility and volume change behaviors of normally consolidated soil samples(consolidated at four different initial consolidation pressures)upon sudden infusion of diclofenac solution under time-controlled infusion.The results show that the diclofenac solution significantly influences the response of the residual soil samples,including volume change,strength,and dilatancy behaviors.However,the extent of this influence depends on factors such as the drug matrix,concentration,and type of cations,clay mineralogy,and the significance of the diffused double layer surrounding the clay particles.Further studies employing a more comprehensive range of drugs,soil types,and real-world contamination scenarios(a combination of multiple contaminants)are recommended.The outcomes from this study can inform policy decision-makers on waste disposal regulations(UN-SDG 12)and help develop new or revised long-term design limits to address pharmaceutical intrusion(UN-SDG 11).展开更多
1.Introduction Compared with the widely used vapor-compression refrigeration,solid-state cooling based on phase transition offers higher ef-ficiency,environmental friendliness,and smaller volume[1,2].The phase transit...1.Introduction Compared with the widely used vapor-compression refrigeration,solid-state cooling based on phase transition offers higher ef-ficiency,environmental friendliness,and smaller volume[1,2].The phase transition of solid refrigerants can be triggered by external fields,i.e.,magnetic fields[3-5],electric fields[6,7].展开更多
Accurately modeling real network dynamics is a grand challenge in network science.The network dynamics arise from node interactions,which are shaped by network topology.Real networks tend to exhibit compact or highly ...Accurately modeling real network dynamics is a grand challenge in network science.The network dynamics arise from node interactions,which are shaped by network topology.Real networks tend to exhibit compact or highly optimized topologies.But the key problems arise:how to compress a network to best enhance its compactness,and what the compression limit of the network reflects?We abstract the topological compression of complex networks as a dynamic process of making them more compact and propose the local compression modulus that plays a key role in effective compression evolution of networks.Subsequently,we identify topological compressibility-a general property of complex networks that characterizes the extent to which a network can be compressed-and provide its approximate quantification.We anticipate that our findings and established theory will provide valuable insights into both dynamics and various applications of complex networks.展开更多
By analyzing core data from an offshore Gulf of Mexico reservoir and developing analytical solutions,it can be demonstrated that laboratory measurements on pore-volume compressibility include artifacts,leading to a mi...By analyzing core data from an offshore Gulf of Mexico reservoir and developing analytical solutions,it can be demonstrated that laboratory measurements on pore-volume compressibility include artifacts,leading to a misinterpretation of porosity and permeability trends.A systematic evaluation of poro-elastic changes in pore volumes(and quantifying any consequent fluid expulsion during reservoir compaction)suggests that poro-elastic relaxation may enhance fluid production rates from deep reservoirs by up to 25%.This value may be inadvertently inflated if the core samples used for pore-volume compressibility measurements suffered from handling damage.Nonetheless,poro-elastic fluid expulsion from the pores in producing reservoirs can provide additional lift and thus may enhance the recovery factor.Therefore,the possible contribution to well performance from poro-elastic production drive mechanisms ought to be carefully evaluated in reserves estimation.Reversely,injection wells may encounter poro-elastic suppression of injectivity due to elastic resistance,which would adversely affect the storage coefficient.By integrating geomechanical reservoir response with traditional fluid production models,reservoir model predictions of production under pressure depletion and injection conditions will be more accurate.The new insights reported here are essential for optimizing well performance,improving reservoir management,and extending the economic life of geological reservoirs.However,caution is warranted regarding pore-volume compressibility measurements.To what degree laboratory measurements of pore-volume compressibility measure true values or mainly record handling damage could not be conclusively settled in the present study.展开更多
Internal structural defects in engineering rock masses vary in size,exhibit complex shapes,and are unevenly distributed.Dominant fractures within a rock mass often play a critical to its mechanical behavior,directly a...Internal structural defects in engineering rock masses vary in size,exhibit complex shapes,and are unevenly distributed.Dominant fractures within a rock mass often play a critical to its mechanical behavior,directly affecting the macromechanical properties and failure modes.These fractures affect the instability and failure of the surrounding rock,significantlyimpacting the overall stability of engineering structures.Herein,sand-powder three-dimensional(3D)printing technology was used to prepare rock-like specimens with internal fracture networks.Triaxial compression testing,post-failure fracture mapping,and fractal dimension analysis of the fracture surfaces were conducted to investigate the effects of dominant fracture angles on the strength and deformation of rocks with internal fracture networks under triaxial stress.The results indicate that the dominant fracture angle has a pronounced effect on the mechanical behavior of rock.With increasing angle,both compressive strength and elastic modulus exhibit an initial decline followed by an increase.Moreover,higher confiningpressure significantlyimproves the compressive strength of fractured rock.This enhancement weakens as the confiningpressure further increases.Moreover,with increasing confiningpressure,the differences between the maximum and minimum values of elastic moduli and lateral strain ratios in fractured rock gradually decrease.Thus,the impact of the dominant fracture angle on rock mass deformation decreases with increasing confiningpressure.This research elucidates the effects of dominant fracture angles on the mechanical and failure properties of complex fractured rock masses and the influenceof the confiningpressure on these relationships.It provides valuable theoretical insights and practical guidance for stability analyses in engineering rock masses.展开更多
Dynamic disturbances with various frequencies could trigger different failure modes of deep excavations.Superimposed on this static stress are dynamic disturbances due to various dynamic vibrations,e.g.excavation blas...Dynamic disturbances with various frequencies could trigger different failure modes of deep excavations.Superimposed on this static stress are dynamic disturbances due to various dynamic vibrations,e.g.excavation blasting,blasting,tunnel boring machine(TBM)vibration,rockburst wave,earthquakes.Specifically,these dynamic sources are characterized by a wide range of wave frequencies f,resulting in differences in failure modes.A series of true-triaxial compression tests were conducted on granite to simulate the excavation-induced stress path in three-dimensional(3D)stresses.Subsequently,a dynamic disturbance with various frequencies was applied to a cuboid specimen,to reveal the behavior associated with brittle failure.The dynamic disturbance with frequencies f of 5 Hz,10 Hz,and 40 Hz generates less disturbed energy components in the granite together with higher peak strength.However,dynamic disturbances with f of 20 Hz and 30 Hz resulted in a lower peak strength;the peak strength of the rock increases sp albeit it decreases at first,then increases.This U-shaped phenomenon relates to the natural frequency of the granite under such stress conditions.Different rock lithologies consisting of diverse mineral composition,respond differently to each sensitive resonance frequency.Interestingly,the weak disturbance stress with a high frequency f and low amplitude A increases the ratio of crack damage to peak strength(scd/sp)in the granite.This leads to the inhibition of the expansion of the granite during the dynamic disturbance process.Multiple penetrating tensileeshear cracks appear in the s3-direction as the disturbance frequency f increases.展开更多
This study employs the direct simulation Monte Carlo method to investigate two-dimensional compressible decaying isotropic turbulence under high Mach number conditions,focusing on the effects of thermal non-equilibriu...This study employs the direct simulation Monte Carlo method to investigate two-dimensional compressible decaying isotropic turbulence under high Mach number conditions,focusing on the effects of thermal non-equilibrium(TNE)and molecular thermal fluctuations.Simulations are performed for low-temperature cases involving rotational non-equilibrium,followed by hightemperature cases emphasizing vibrational non-equilibrium.The results demonstrate that the initial TNE state significantly impacts turbulence compressibility.Specifically,for initially rotationally hot cases,elevated translational temperatures strongly suppress turbulence compressibility,resulting in a slower decay of turbulent kinetic energy.These findings are also applicable to initially vibrationally hot cases,but the influence of TNE diminishes as the vibrational relaxation number Zvib increases.Moreover,increasing Zvib leads to a significant lag of vibrational temperature fluctuations relative to translational and rotational temperature fluctuations.Analysis of the turbulent energy and temperature spectra reveals that molecular thermal fluctuations dominate at length scales(i.e.,crossover length scales)comparable to the turbulent dissipation length scale,causing the spectra to increase linearly with the wavenumber.For cases with initially rotationally or vibrationally hot conditions,the suppression of compressibility leads to a significant increase in the crossover length scale.展开更多
Addressing the growing challenge of oil pollution,this study presents a green and efficient strategy for fabricating biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)alc(PLA/PBAT/Talc)composite f...Addressing the growing challenge of oil pollution,this study presents a green and efficient strategy for fabricating biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)alc(PLA/PBAT/Talc)composite foams with high volume expansion ratio(VER),excellent compression resilience,and superior oil absorption performance via synergistic melt blending and supercritical CO2(scCO2)batch foaming.By strategically incorporating PBAT(10 wt%)and talc(3 wt%)into the PLA matrix,and by optimizing the foaming temperatures,the melt strength and crystallization behavior were effectively tailored.The resultant PLA/PBAT-T3 foam achieved a VER exceeding 45 and an open-cell content(OCC)of 85%.Cyclic compression tests demonstrated that the PLA/PBAT-T3 foam fabricated at 100℃ exhibited the lowest permanent deformation,indicating superior structural integrity.Remarkably,the foam exhibited equilibrium oil absorptioncapacities(Q)of 22.2 g·g-1 for silicone oil and 13.4 g·g-1 for cyclohexane.A significant correlation was established,revealing that Q,is directly proportional to the multiplication of VER and OCC.The foam also demonstrated excellent reusability,retaining over 85%of its initial absorption capacity after 10 consecutive absorption-desorption cycles.This work provides a viable strategy for engineering biodegradable and recyclable oil-sorbent materials,while also advancing the application potential of PLA-based composites in sustainable environmental remediation technologies.展开更多
This study integrates unconfined compression tests with high-resolution computed tomography(CT)to analyze the pore heterogeneity,crack propagation,and failure modes of red sandstone specimens with diameters ranging fr...This study integrates unconfined compression tests with high-resolution computed tomography(CT)to analyze the pore heterogeneity,crack propagation,and failure modes of red sandstone specimens with diameters ranging from 10 mm to 100 mm.Key findings include:(1)With increasing specimen size,crack initiation stress(CI),damage stress(CD),and unconfined compressive strength(UCS)initially increase and then decrease;(2)In smaller specimens,stress concentration due to pore heterogeneity leads to splitting failure and lower strength;(3)In medium-sized specimens,friction dominates crack propagation,causing shear failure,while increased fragment rotation enhances energy dissipation,yielding highest strength;(4)In larger specimens,cracks tend to propagate along bedding planes,reducing energy dissipation and then weakening strength.These results provide insights into the reverse size effect on sandstone strength and have implications for engineering applications.展开更多
In mining engineering,dynamic loads acting on the surrounding rock induce irreversible damage.The damage is further exacerbated by water exudation from filling bodies or groundwater in the surrounding rock.Understandi...In mining engineering,dynamic loads acting on the surrounding rock induce irreversible damage.The damage is further exacerbated by water exudation from filling bodies or groundwater in the surrounding rock.Understanding the propagation and energy characteristics of stress waves in damaged surrounding rock is essential for improving the stability of underground structures.Hence,in this study,an improved triaxial Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(SHPB)testing system was used to prepare four sets of impact-damaged and water-soaked specimens with varying length-to-diameter ratios in the laboratory,followed by dynamic triaxial compression testing.Test results indicate that,following dynamic impact and water soaking,the propagation of stress waves in rock is altered.Compared with intact specimens,impact-damaged and water-soaked specimens(IDWS)show a reduction in both transmission and reflection coefficients,thereby enhancing their energy absorption capacity and decreasing transmitted and reflected energy.The length(length-to-diameter ratio)of the specimen and the peak of the incident wave also affect stress wave propagation.Under the same incident peak value,the transmission coefficient increases with larger length-to-diameter ratios,whereas the reflection coefficient decreases.Similarly,the energy carried by the stress wave is influenced by specimen length:as the length grows,the energy absorbed per unit volume declines.When using energy absorbed per unit volume to characterize the dynamic triaxial strength of rock,the length-to-diameter ratio effect on strength is not pronounced.展开更多
The mechanical properties of rigid insulation tile(RIT)materials at elevated temperatures(700~1000℃)were studied through compression tests and the digital image correlation(DIC)method.To reduce measurement error in a...The mechanical properties of rigid insulation tile(RIT)materials at elevated temperatures(700~1000℃)were studied through compression tests and the digital image correlation(DIC)method.To reduce measurement error in a thermal environment,an image gradient zero-mean normalized cross-correlation algorithm(ZNCCGI)was added to the DIC algorithm.The DIC algorithm was verified via RIT material mechanical tests at room temperature.Furthermore,the compressive stress–strain curves and Young's modulus of RIT materials at elevated temperatures were obtained.The experimental results show that the Young's modulus of RIT materials significantly increased at 800℃.Moreover,the compressive yield strength was significantly improved at 800℃,which resulted in a random distribution of ceramic fibers and viscous flow deformation at elevated temperatures.Scanning electron microscope analysis demonstrated that the compressive damage occurs due to the breaking of ceramic fibers.展开更多
In-situ monitoring methods and deep learning models are increasingly being used for the quality assessment of parts fabricated using laser powder bed fusion to overcome the limitations of poor process repeatability.Ho...In-situ monitoring methods and deep learning models are increasingly being used for the quality assessment of parts fabricated using laser powder bed fusion to overcome the limitations of poor process repeatability.However,the massive data collection required for part-quality monitoring results in high transmission loads and storage costs.To address this problem,this study utilized the compressed sensing theory to acquire compressed photodiode signals.These signals were then used to train and test convolutional neural networks(CNN)to identify the lack-of-fusion,normal,and keyhole modes.At a compressive-sampling rate of 25%,the classification accuracy decreased from 93.1%(raw signals)to 79.3%.However,increasing the compression rate from 25%to 90%did not significantly decrease the classification accuracy.The linear mapping of the raw signal via a Gaussian measurement matrix causes coordinate information folding,thereby impairing the representation of latent features.Therefore,Gaussian process modeling was adopted for the features extracted using a pretrained CNN to mitigate the temporal information collapse and allow the compressed signals to achieve an accuracy comparable to that of the raw data.Furthermore,the sparsity and rank complexity of the melt-pool radiation signals were evaluated using sparse representation and principal component analysis.展开更多
This paper develops a method of characteristics for supersonic viscous flows.The proposed method removes the inviscid and isentropic assumptions of the classical method of characteristics.The characteristic equations ...This paper develops a method of characteristics for supersonic viscous flows.The proposed method removes the inviscid and isentropic assumptions of the classical method of characteristics.The characteristic equations and compatibility equations are derived from the governing equations for compressible viscous flow.By combining the characteristic lines,the triangular interior unit process,quadrilateral interior unit process,and direct sonic point unit process are developed.The unit processes make up the characteristic net.The numerical algorithms consider the path of flow signal propagation.The inviscid terms are solved along characteristic lines,while the viscous terms are corrected through iterative whole-field computations.The proposed method has been applied to supersonic flat-plate boundary layer and verified by the similarity solution.The errors of velocity and temperature profiles are on the order of 0.1%,while the computation efficiency is the same as the classical method of characteristics.The accuracy and efficiency make the proposed method potential to become a basic tool of analysis and design for supersonic viscous flows.展开更多
Utilizing steel slag and granulated blast furnace slag,this study prepared solid waste electrolyte(SWE)for green building components integrating load-bearing and energy storage functions.However,simultaneously achievi...Utilizing steel slag and granulated blast furnace slag,this study prepared solid waste electrolyte(SWE)for green building components integrating load-bearing and energy storage functions.However,simultaneously achieving high ionic conductivity and compressive strength remains challenging.Salt activators(4%Na/K2SiO3,Na/K2SO4),alkali activators(4%Na/KOH),and combined activators(2%+2%)were employed to clarify activator effects on performance.Ionic conductivity and compressive strength were measured,and microstructures were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscopy,and mercury intrusion porosimetry.Results showed that activators significantly improved SWE performance.The combined activators 2%K2SO4+2%KOH exhibited optimal overall performance(19.89 mS·cm−1 and 16.15 MPa).K activation exhibited higher ionic conductivity than Na activation,whereas salt activation showed greater strength than alkali activation.Microstructural analysis indicated that activators promoted hydration,reduced porosity,and optimized pore size distribution.A synergistic influence was identified:porosity determines ion-accessible volume and microstructural compactness,whereas pore size distribution reflects the size and efficiency of ion-transport pathways and microstructural uniformity.Specifically,pores of 50–200 nm mainly contribute to ion transport,while pores>200 nm mainly affect strength.Thus,reducing porosity and optimizing pore size distribution are crucial for simultaneously improving conductivity and strength of SWE.展开更多
In this study,the shell structure of olives in nature was modeled,and a high-porosity bionic olive body-centered cubic structure(BCCO)with reinforcement structures of circular support(BCCR)and triangular support(BCCT)...In this study,the shell structure of olives in nature was modeled,and a high-porosity bionic olive body-centered cubic structure(BCCO)with reinforcement structures of circular support(BCCR)and triangular support(BCCT)with excellent mechanical properties was designed and prepared using selective laser melting technology.The surface morphology,deformation behavior,and energy absorption of BCCO were compared with those of the equivalent uniform body-centered cubic structure(BCC)and analyzed through quasi-static compression experiments and finite element analysis.The olive-shaped structure showed optimal load resistance when the radius of curvature was equal to the edge length of the lattice structure,and outperformed with a larger curvature than with a smaller curvature.With the added support structure,the energy absorption of the BCCR increased by 144.44%compared with that of the conventional BCC structure.The newly designed olive bionic structure has considerable potential for applications in various fields,such as aerospace and medical devices.展开更多
To improve the applicability of red mud in subgrade construction,we studied the effects of four traditional retarders,including borax,sodium hexametaphosphate,sodium gluconate,and sucrose,on the setting time,mechanica...To improve the applicability of red mud in subgrade construction,we studied the effects of four traditional retarders,including borax,sodium hexametaphosphate,sodium gluconate,and sucrose,on the setting time,mechanical properties and soil solidification of red mud-based subgrade engineered cementitious material(RCM).The mechanisms of the retarders on the hydration process of RCM were analyzed by hydration microcalorimeter,XRD,TG,and SEM-EDS.The experimental results show that four retarders have retarding effect on RCM,among which sodium gluconate and sucrose have significant retarding effect and do not have adverse effect on 28 d strength.Borax can slightly delay the setting time,and sodium hexametaphosphate has a better retarding effect,but they both reduce the 28 d strength.Microcosmic analysis shows that the retarders do not change the type of RCM hydration products,but mainly slow down the rate of hydration reaction through the adsorption and complexation or reaction of Ca2+in the slurry.All the results show that the retarder has no weakening effect on the unconfined compressive strength,water stability and CBR properties of the stabilized subgrade soil based on RCM.展开更多
In GNSS-denied environments,signals of opportunity(SOP)offer an efficient and passive solution for navigation and positioning by utilizing ambient signals.Nevertheless,conventional SOP techniques face significant chal...In GNSS-denied environments,signals of opportunity(SOP)offer an efficient and passive solution for navigation and positioning by utilizing ambient signals.Nevertheless,conventional SOP techniques face significant challenges in real-time processing,especially under sub-Nyquist sampling conditions,due to high data acquisition rates and offgrid errors.To address this,this paper proposes the signal reconstruction and kernel sparse encoding(SRKSE)model,a novel general framework for high-precision parameter estimation.By combining compressed sensing with a deep unfolding network,the SRKSE model not only achieves robust signal reconstruction but also effectively reduces quantization errors.Key innovations of SRKSE include dual crossattention mechanisms for enhanced feature extraction,sinc sparse kernel encoding to minimize quantization errors,and a custom loss function for balanced optimization.With these advancements,SRKSE achieves up to a 650-fold improvement in time of arrival(TOA)estimation accuracy while operating at just 1%of the Nyquist sampling rate.The SRKSE surpasses both conventional and deep learning-based techniques in accuracy and efficiency,especially when operating under sub-Nyquist sampling conditions.Simulations and real-world experiments confirm the reliability and potential of SRKSE for real-time applications in IoT and wireless communication.展开更多
The Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)instability occurs when a perturbed interface between two fluids undergoes impulsive acceleration due to a shock wave.In this paper,a numerical investigation of the RM instability during the r...The Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)instability occurs when a perturbed interface between two fluids undergoes impulsive acceleration due to a shock wave.In this paper,a numerical investigation of the RM instability during the reshock process is conducted using the two-component discrete Boltzmann method.The influence of reflection distance on the RM instability,including both hydrodynamic and thermodynamic non-equilibrium effects,is explored in detail.The interaction time between the reflected shock wave and the material interface varies with different reflection distances.Larger reflection distances lead to a longer evolution time of the material interface before reshock,resulting in more complex effects on the interface deformation,the mixing extent of the fluid system,and non-equilibrium behaviors after reshock.Additionally,while the reflection distance has a minimal impact on mixing entropy before the secondary impact,a significant difference emerges after the secondary impact.This suggests that the secondary impact enhances the evolution of the RM instability.Furthermore,non-equilibrium behaviors or quantities exhibit complex dynamics due to the influence of the transmitted shock wave,transverse waves,rarefaction waves,material interfaces,and dissipation/diffusion processes.展开更多
Accurate prediction of environmental temperature is pivotal for promoting sustainable crop growth.At present,the most effective temperature sensing and prediction system is the Agricultural Internet of Things(AIoT),wh...Accurate prediction of environmental temperature is pivotal for promoting sustainable crop growth.At present,the most effective temperature sensing and prediction system is the Agricultural Internet of Things(AIoT),which deploys a large number of sensors to collect meteorological data and transmits them to the cloud server for prediction.However,this procedure is computationally and communicationally expensive for resourceconstrained AIoT.Recently,Semantic Communication(SC)has shown potential in efficient data transmission,but existing methods overlook the repetitive semantic information whilst sensing data,bringing additional overheads.With the resource-constraint nature of AIoT in mind,we propose the Semantic Communication-enabled Cognitive Agriculture Framework(SC-CAF)for delivering accurate temperature predictions.The proposed SC-CAF incorporates an intelligent analysis layer that performs the temperature prediction and model training and distribution,while a semantic layer transmitting the semantic information extracted from raw data based on the download model,ultimately to reduce communication overheads in AIoT.Furthermore,we propose a novel model called the Light Temperature Semantic Communication(LTSC)by adopting skip-attention and semantic compressor to avoid unnecessary computation and repetitive information,thereby addressing the semantic redundancy issues in sensing data.We also develop a Semantic-based Model Compression(SCMC)algorithm to alleviate the computation and bandwidth burden,enabling AIoT to explore the extensive usage of SC.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SC-CAF achieves the lowest prediction error while reducing Floating Point Operations(FLOPs)by 95.88%,memory requirements by 78.30%,Graphics Processing Unit(GPU)power by 50.77%,and time latency by 84.44%,outperforming notable state-of-the-art methods.展开更多
基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Nanjing University of Science and Technology(CN)under Grant No.30924010803。
摘要The penetration of shaped charge jets into targets at high velocities is significantly influenced by the compressibility effect,while at low velocities,the strength effect becomes predominant.In the latter regime,material strength dictates the resistance to plastic deformation and flow,a contrast to the shockwave-dominated interactions where compressibility is key.This paper presents a self-consistent compressible penetration theory that considers both the axial penetration and radial crater growth of shaped charge jets into targets.An integrated approach where the axial and radial dynamics are coupled has been proposed,influencing each other through shared physical principles rather than being treated as separate,empirically linked phenomena.The presented theory is rooted in the compressible Bernoulli equation and the linear Rankine-Hugoniot relation.These foundational equations are employed to accurately model the high-pressure shock state and subsequent material flow at the jet-target interface,providing a robust physical basis for the penetration model.Notably,it considers the target material's compressibility,which elevates the pressure at the jet-target interface beyond that observed with incompressible materials.This pressure increase is directly proportional to the target's degree of compressibility.As such,this model of compressible penetration reorients the analytical approach:rather than merely estimating penetration resistance,it determines this value from the target material's specific compressibility and yield strength.This shift from empirical correlations to a physics-based derivation of penetration resistance enhances the model's predictive power,particularly for novel target materials or engagement conditions outside established experimental datasets.This investigation establishes a quantitative link between the material's yield strength and its penetration resistance.The accuracy of this penetration resistance value is paramount,as it significantly influences the predicted crater diameter;indeed,the crater diameter's sensitivity to this resistance underscores the necessity for its precise determination.Ultimately,by integrating the yield strength of the target material,this framework enables the prediction of both the penetration depth and the resultant crater diameter from a shaped charge jet.The theory's validation involved two experimental sets:the first focused on shaped charge jet penetration into 45#steel at varied stand-offs,while the second utilized targets of high-to ultrahigh-strength steel-fiber reactive powder concrete(RPC)with differing strength characteristics.These experimental campaigns were specifically chosen to test the theory against both ductile metallic alloys,where plastic flow is significant,and advanced quasi-brittle cementitious composites,presenting a broad spectrum of material responses and penetration challenges.Resulting hole profiles derived from theoretical calculations demonstrated a strong correspondence with empirical measurements for both material types.
基金supported by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme for the project titled“Mechanism governing the influenceof pharmaceutical wastes on water retention and hydraulic conductivity of clays”(Project Code:FRGS/1/2023/TK06/MUSM/02/2)。
摘要Increased access to pharmaceuticals necessitates proper disposal practices to prevent environmental contamination.Irresponsible disposal leads to the infiltration of pharmaceuticals,which can potentially affect the soil's engineering and agricultural properties.Literature focusing on this topic is limited,which is the motivation of this study.The main aim of this study is to assess the impact of increasing concentrations of pharmaceutical(diclofenac)in pore water on the compressibility and strength characteristics of Malaysian residual soil and potential implications affecting the safety and stability of urban infrastructure.This aim is achieved using a series of standard laboratory experiments to determine one-dimensional(1D)consolidation,direct shear strength,stress-dilatancy,and critical-state behaviors of compacted residual clay samples.The experiments also examined the compressibility and volume change behaviors of normally consolidated soil samples(consolidated at four different initial consolidation pressures)upon sudden infusion of diclofenac solution under time-controlled infusion.The results show that the diclofenac solution significantly influences the response of the residual soil samples,including volume change,strength,and dilatancy behaviors.However,the extent of this influence depends on factors such as the drug matrix,concentration,and type of cations,clay mineralogy,and the significance of the diffused double layer surrounding the clay particles.Further studies employing a more comprehensive range of drugs,soil types,and real-world contamination scenarios(a combination of multiple contaminants)are recommended.The outcomes from this study can inform policy decision-makers on waste disposal regulations(UN-SDG 12)and help develop new or revised long-term design limits to address pharmaceutical intrusion(UN-SDG 11).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52371106,52371025,52171154,51871076,52071118,and 52301223)Interdisciplinary Research Foundation of HIT(No.IR2021201)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City(No.2023J346)supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQ24E010004)supported by the National Science Foundation(NSF)-Earth Sciences(No.EAR-1634415)the Department of Energy(DOE)-GeoSciences(No.DE-FG02-94ER14466)supported by DOE-BES(No.DE-AC02-06CH11357).
摘要1.Introduction Compared with the widely used vapor-compression refrigeration,solid-state cooling based on phase transition offers higher ef-ficiency,environmental friendliness,and smaller volume[1,2].The phase transition of solid refrigerants can be triggered by external fields,i.e.,magnetic fields[3-5],electric fields[6,7].
基金supported inpart by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 12371088)the Innovative Research Group Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Provinceof China (Grant No. 2024JJ1008)in part by the Australian Research Council (ARC) through the Discovery Projects scheme (Grant No. DP220100580)。
摘要Accurately modeling real network dynamics is a grand challenge in network science.The network dynamics arise from node interactions,which are shaped by network topology.Real networks tend to exhibit compact or highly optimized topologies.But the key problems arise:how to compress a network to best enhance its compactness,and what the compression limit of the network reflects?We abstract the topological compression of complex networks as a dynamic process of making them more compact and propose the local compression modulus that plays a key role in effective compression evolution of networks.Subsequently,we identify topological compressibility-a general property of complex networks that characterizes the extent to which a network can be compressed-and provide its approximate quantification.We anticipate that our findings and established theory will provide valuable insights into both dynamics and various applications of complex networks.
基金support provided by the College of Petroleum Engineering&Geosciences(CPG)at King Fahd University of Petroleum&Minerals(KFUPM).
摘要By analyzing core data from an offshore Gulf of Mexico reservoir and developing analytical solutions,it can be demonstrated that laboratory measurements on pore-volume compressibility include artifacts,leading to a misinterpretation of porosity and permeability trends.A systematic evaluation of poro-elastic changes in pore volumes(and quantifying any consequent fluid expulsion during reservoir compaction)suggests that poro-elastic relaxation may enhance fluid production rates from deep reservoirs by up to 25%.This value may be inadvertently inflated if the core samples used for pore-volume compressibility measurements suffered from handling damage.Nonetheless,poro-elastic fluid expulsion from the pores in producing reservoirs can provide additional lift and thus may enhance the recovery factor.Therefore,the possible contribution to well performance from poro-elastic production drive mechanisms ought to be carefully evaluated in reserves estimation.Reversely,injection wells may encounter poro-elastic suppression of injectivity due to elastic resistance,which would adversely affect the storage coefficient.By integrating geomechanical reservoir response with traditional fluid production models,reservoir model predictions of production under pressure depletion and injection conditions will be more accurate.The new insights reported here are essential for optimizing well performance,improving reservoir management,and extending the economic life of geological reservoirs.However,caution is warranted regarding pore-volume compressibility measurements.To what degree laboratory measurements of pore-volume compressibility measure true values or mainly record handling damage could not be conclusively settled in the present study.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program Young Scientist Project(Grant No.2024YFC2911000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52474103)the Major Basic Research Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2024ZD22).
摘要Internal structural defects in engineering rock masses vary in size,exhibit complex shapes,and are unevenly distributed.Dominant fractures within a rock mass often play a critical to its mechanical behavior,directly affecting the macromechanical properties and failure modes.These fractures affect the instability and failure of the surrounding rock,significantlyimpacting the overall stability of engineering structures.Herein,sand-powder three-dimensional(3D)printing technology was used to prepare rock-like specimens with internal fracture networks.Triaxial compression testing,post-failure fracture mapping,and fractal dimension analysis of the fracture surfaces were conducted to investigate the effects of dominant fracture angles on the strength and deformation of rocks with internal fracture networks under triaxial stress.The results indicate that the dominant fracture angle has a pronounced effect on the mechanical behavior of rock.With increasing angle,both compressive strength and elastic modulus exhibit an initial decline followed by an increase.Moreover,higher confiningpressure significantlyimproves the compressive strength of fractured rock.This enhancement weakens as the confiningpressure further increases.Moreover,with increasing confiningpressure,the differences between the maximum and minimum values of elastic moduli and lateral strain ratios in fractured rock gradually decrease.Thus,the impact of the dominant fracture angle on rock mass deformation decreases with increasing confiningpressure.This research elucidates the effects of dominant fracture angles on the mechanical and failure properties of complex fractured rock masses and the influenceof the confiningpressure on these relationships.It provides valuable theoretical insights and practical guidance for stability analyses in engineering rock masses.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52222810 and 52178383).
摘要Dynamic disturbances with various frequencies could trigger different failure modes of deep excavations.Superimposed on this static stress are dynamic disturbances due to various dynamic vibrations,e.g.excavation blasting,blasting,tunnel boring machine(TBM)vibration,rockburst wave,earthquakes.Specifically,these dynamic sources are characterized by a wide range of wave frequencies f,resulting in differences in failure modes.A series of true-triaxial compression tests were conducted on granite to simulate the excavation-induced stress path in three-dimensional(3D)stresses.Subsequently,a dynamic disturbance with various frequencies was applied to a cuboid specimen,to reveal the behavior associated with brittle failure.The dynamic disturbance with frequencies f of 5 Hz,10 Hz,and 40 Hz generates less disturbed energy components in the granite together with higher peak strength.However,dynamic disturbances with f of 20 Hz and 30 Hz resulted in a lower peak strength;the peak strength of the rock increases sp albeit it decreases at first,then increases.This U-shaped phenomenon relates to the natural frequency of the granite under such stress conditions.Different rock lithologies consisting of diverse mineral composition,respond differently to each sensitive resonance frequency.Interestingly,the weak disturbance stress with a high frequency f and low amplitude A increases the ratio of crack damage to peak strength(scd/sp)in the granite.This leads to the inhibition of the expansion of the granite during the dynamic disturbance process.Multiple penetrating tensileeshear cracks appear in the s3-direction as the disturbance frequency f increases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92371102 and 12272028)。
摘要This study employs the direct simulation Monte Carlo method to investigate two-dimensional compressible decaying isotropic turbulence under high Mach number conditions,focusing on the effects of thermal non-equilibrium(TNE)and molecular thermal fluctuations.Simulations are performed for low-temperature cases involving rotational non-equilibrium,followed by hightemperature cases emphasizing vibrational non-equilibrium.The results demonstrate that the initial TNE state significantly impacts turbulence compressibility.Specifically,for initially rotationally hot cases,elevated translational temperatures strongly suppress turbulence compressibility,resulting in a slower decay of turbulent kinetic energy.These findings are also applicable to initially vibrationally hot cases,but the influence of TNE diminishes as the vibrational relaxation number Zvib increases.Moreover,increasing Zvib leads to a significant lag of vibrational temperature fluctuations relative to translational and rotational temperature fluctuations.Analysis of the turbulent energy and temperature spectra reveals that molecular thermal fluctuations dominate at length scales(i.e.,crossover length scales)comparable to the turbulent dissipation length scale,causing the spectra to increase linearly with the wavenumber.For cases with initially rotationally or vibrationally hot conditions,the suppression of compressibility leads to a significant increase in the crossover length scale.
基金the International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Henan Province(Grant No.252102521010)the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project(Grant No.242102230127)the Key R&D Project of Henan Province(Grant No.221111520200).
摘要Addressing the growing challenge of oil pollution,this study presents a green and efficient strategy for fabricating biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)alc(PLA/PBAT/Talc)composite foams with high volume expansion ratio(VER),excellent compression resilience,and superior oil absorption performance via synergistic melt blending and supercritical CO2(scCO2)batch foaming.By strategically incorporating PBAT(10 wt%)and talc(3 wt%)into the PLA matrix,and by optimizing the foaming temperatures,the melt strength and crystallization behavior were effectively tailored.The resultant PLA/PBAT-T3 foam achieved a VER exceeding 45 and an open-cell content(OCC)of 85%.Cyclic compression tests demonstrated that the PLA/PBAT-T3 foam fabricated at 100℃ exhibited the lowest permanent deformation,indicating superior structural integrity.Remarkably,the foam exhibited equilibrium oil absorptioncapacities(Q)of 22.2 g·g-1 for silicone oil and 13.4 g·g-1 for cyclohexane.A significant correlation was established,revealing that Q,is directly proportional to the multiplication of VER and OCC.The foam also demonstrated excellent reusability,retaining over 85%of its initial absorption capacity after 10 consecutive absorption-desorption cycles.This work provides a viable strategy for engineering biodegradable and recyclable oil-sorbent materials,while also advancing the application potential of PLA-based composites in sustainable environmental remediation technologies.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42041006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,CHD(Grant Nos.300102265718,300102264902).
摘要This study integrates unconfined compression tests with high-resolution computed tomography(CT)to analyze the pore heterogeneity,crack propagation,and failure modes of red sandstone specimens with diameters ranging from 10 mm to 100 mm.Key findings include:(1)With increasing specimen size,crack initiation stress(CI),damage stress(CD),and unconfined compressive strength(UCS)initially increase and then decrease;(2)In smaller specimens,stress concentration due to pore heterogeneity leads to splitting failure and lower strength;(3)In medium-sized specimens,friction dominates crack propagation,causing shear failure,while increased fragment rotation enhances energy dissipation,yielding highest strength;(4)In larger specimens,cracks tend to propagate along bedding planes,reducing energy dissipation and then weakening strength.These results provide insights into the reverse size effect on sandstone strength and have implications for engineering applications.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China-2023 Key Special Project(Grant No.2023YFC2907400)the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.2023JJ10072)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(Grant No.2022RC1173).
摘要In mining engineering,dynamic loads acting on the surrounding rock induce irreversible damage.The damage is further exacerbated by water exudation from filling bodies or groundwater in the surrounding rock.Understanding the propagation and energy characteristics of stress waves in damaged surrounding rock is essential for improving the stability of underground structures.Hence,in this study,an improved triaxial Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(SHPB)testing system was used to prepare four sets of impact-damaged and water-soaked specimens with varying length-to-diameter ratios in the laboratory,followed by dynamic triaxial compression testing.Test results indicate that,following dynamic impact and water soaking,the propagation of stress waves in rock is altered.Compared with intact specimens,impact-damaged and water-soaked specimens(IDWS)show a reduction in both transmission and reflection coefficients,thereby enhancing their energy absorption capacity and decreasing transmitted and reflected energy.The length(length-to-diameter ratio)of the specimen and the peak of the incident wave also affect stress wave propagation.Under the same incident peak value,the transmission coefficient increases with larger length-to-diameter ratios,whereas the reflection coefficient decreases.Similarly,the energy carried by the stress wave is influenced by specimen length:as the length grows,the energy absorbed per unit volume declines.When using energy absorbed per unit volume to characterize the dynamic triaxial strength of rock,the length-to-diameter ratio effect on strength is not pronounced.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12472210 and 11902046)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2023-JC-YB-031)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2021T140635 and 2020M673580XB)contributed financially to this study.
摘要The mechanical properties of rigid insulation tile(RIT)materials at elevated temperatures(700~1000℃)were studied through compression tests and the digital image correlation(DIC)method.To reduce measurement error in a thermal environment,an image gradient zero-mean normalized cross-correlation algorithm(ZNCCGI)was added to the DIC algorithm.The DIC algorithm was verified via RIT material mechanical tests at room temperature.Furthermore,the compressive stress–strain curves and Young's modulus of RIT materials at elevated temperatures were obtained.The experimental results show that the Young's modulus of RIT materials significantly increased at 800℃.Moreover,the compressive yield strength was significantly improved at 800℃,which resulted in a random distribution of ceramic fibers and viscous flow deformation at elevated temperatures.Scanning electron microscope analysis demonstrated that the compressive damage occurs due to the breaking of ceramic fibers.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52475350)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFF0606000,2023YFB4606702)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2001218)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2022B1515120066)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(Grant No.2024ZYGXZR023)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51875215).
摘要In-situ monitoring methods and deep learning models are increasingly being used for the quality assessment of parts fabricated using laser powder bed fusion to overcome the limitations of poor process repeatability.However,the massive data collection required for part-quality monitoring results in high transmission loads and storage costs.To address this problem,this study utilized the compressed sensing theory to acquire compressed photodiode signals.These signals were then used to train and test convolutional neural networks(CNN)to identify the lack-of-fusion,normal,and keyhole modes.At a compressive-sampling rate of 25%,the classification accuracy decreased from 93.1%(raw signals)to 79.3%.However,increasing the compression rate from 25%to 90%did not significantly decrease the classification accuracy.The linear mapping of the raw signal via a Gaussian measurement matrix causes coordinate information folding,thereby impairing the representation of latent features.Therefore,Gaussian process modeling was adopted for the features extracted using a pretrained CNN to mitigate the temporal information collapse and allow the compressed signals to achieve an accuracy comparable to that of the raw data.Furthermore,the sparsity and rank complexity of the melt-pool radiation signals were evaluated using sparse representation and principal component analysis.
基金supported by the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.T2221002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.92271203)。
摘要This paper develops a method of characteristics for supersonic viscous flows.The proposed method removes the inviscid and isentropic assumptions of the classical method of characteristics.The characteristic equations and compatibility equations are derived from the governing equations for compressible viscous flow.By combining the characteristic lines,the triangular interior unit process,quadrilateral interior unit process,and direct sonic point unit process are developed.The unit processes make up the characteristic net.The numerical algorithms consider the path of flow signal propagation.The inviscid terms are solved along characteristic lines,while the viscous terms are corrected through iterative whole-field computations.The proposed method has been applied to supersonic flat-plate boundary layer and verified by the similarity solution.The errors of velocity and temperature profiles are on the order of 0.1%,while the computation efficiency is the same as the classical method of characteristics.The accuracy and efficiency make the proposed method potential to become a basic tool of analysis and design for supersonic viscous flows.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42372308)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2232024A-06).
摘要Utilizing steel slag and granulated blast furnace slag,this study prepared solid waste electrolyte(SWE)for green building components integrating load-bearing and energy storage functions.However,simultaneously achieving high ionic conductivity and compressive strength remains challenging.Salt activators(4%Na/K2SiO3,Na/K2SO4),alkali activators(4%Na/KOH),and combined activators(2%+2%)were employed to clarify activator effects on performance.Ionic conductivity and compressive strength were measured,and microstructures were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscopy,and mercury intrusion porosimetry.Results showed that activators significantly improved SWE performance.The combined activators 2%K2SO4+2%KOH exhibited optimal overall performance(19.89 mS·cm−1 and 16.15 MPa).K activation exhibited higher ionic conductivity than Na activation,whereas salt activation showed greater strength than alkali activation.Microstructural analysis indicated that activators promoted hydration,reduced porosity,and optimized pore size distribution.A synergistic influence was identified:porosity determines ion-accessible volume and microstructural compactness,whereas pore size distribution reflects the size and efficiency of ion-transport pathways and microstructural uniformity.Specifically,pores of 50–200 nm mainly contribute to ion transport,while pores>200 nm mainly affect strength.Thus,reducing porosity and optimizing pore size distribution are crucial for simultaneously improving conductivity and strength of SWE.
基金Supported by Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC2406004).
摘要In this study,the shell structure of olives in nature was modeled,and a high-porosity bionic olive body-centered cubic structure(BCCO)with reinforcement structures of circular support(BCCR)and triangular support(BCCT)with excellent mechanical properties was designed and prepared using selective laser melting technology.The surface morphology,deformation behavior,and energy absorption of BCCO were compared with those of the equivalent uniform body-centered cubic structure(BCC)and analyzed through quasi-static compression experiments and finite element analysis.The olive-shaped structure showed optimal load resistance when the radius of curvature was equal to the edge length of the lattice structure,and outperformed with a larger curvature than with a smaller curvature.With the added support structure,the energy absorption of the BCCR increased by 144.44%compared with that of the conventional BCC structure.The newly designed olive bionic structure has considerable potential for applications in various fields,such as aerospace and medical devices.
基金Funded by the Shandong Province Key R&D Program(Major Technological Innovation Project(Nos.2023ZLGX01 and 2021CXGC010301)the Youth Project of National Natural Science Foundation(No.52309136)+1 种基金the Competitive Innovation Platform Project of Shandong Province(No.2023CXPT-080)the Postdoctoral Innovation Project(No.SDCX-ZG-202203037)。
摘要To improve the applicability of red mud in subgrade construction,we studied the effects of four traditional retarders,including borax,sodium hexametaphosphate,sodium gluconate,and sucrose,on the setting time,mechanical properties and soil solidification of red mud-based subgrade engineered cementitious material(RCM).The mechanisms of the retarders on the hydration process of RCM were analyzed by hydration microcalorimeter,XRD,TG,and SEM-EDS.The experimental results show that four retarders have retarding effect on RCM,among which sodium gluconate and sucrose have significant retarding effect and do not have adverse effect on 28 d strength.Borax can slightly delay the setting time,and sodium hexametaphosphate has a better retarding effect,but they both reduce the 28 d strength.Microcosmic analysis shows that the retarders do not change the type of RCM hydration products,but mainly slow down the rate of hydration reaction through the adsorption and complexation or reaction of Ca2+in the slurry.All the results show that the retarder has no weakening effect on the unconfined compressive strength,water stability and CBR properties of the stabilized subgrade soil based on RCM.
基金National Key Laboratory of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Technology(No.202408)Key Laboratory of Smart Earth(No.KF2023ZD01-05)。
摘要In GNSS-denied environments,signals of opportunity(SOP)offer an efficient and passive solution for navigation and positioning by utilizing ambient signals.Nevertheless,conventional SOP techniques face significant challenges in real-time processing,especially under sub-Nyquist sampling conditions,due to high data acquisition rates and offgrid errors.To address this,this paper proposes the signal reconstruction and kernel sparse encoding(SRKSE)model,a novel general framework for high-precision parameter estimation.By combining compressed sensing with a deep unfolding network,the SRKSE model not only achieves robust signal reconstruction but also effectively reduces quantization errors.Key innovations of SRKSE include dual crossattention mechanisms for enhanced feature extraction,sinc sparse kernel encoding to minimize quantization errors,and a custom loss function for balanced optimization.With these advancements,SRKSE achieves up to a 650-fold improvement in time of arrival(TOA)estimation accuracy while operating at just 1%of the Nyquist sampling rate.The SRKSE surpasses both conventional and deep learning-based techniques in accuracy and efficiency,especially when operating under sub-Nyquist sampling conditions.Simulations and real-world experiments confirm the reliability and potential of SRKSE for real-time applications in IoT and wireless communication.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2242214,12572341,and 12172061)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2024A1515010927)+6 种基金Humanities and Social Science Foundation of the Ministry of Education in China(Grant No.24YJCZH163)Fujian Provincial Units Special Funds for Education and Research(Grant No.K3-949)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-sen University(Grant No.24qnpy044)Hebei Outstanding Youth Science Foundation(Grant No.A2023409003)Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Hebei Province(Grant No.226Z7601G)supported by the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and Applications(Fujian Normal University),Ministry of Education,P.R.China(Grant No.JAM2405)the Foundation of National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics(Grant No.JCKYS2023212003).
摘要The Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)instability occurs when a perturbed interface between two fluids undergoes impulsive acceleration due to a shock wave.In this paper,a numerical investigation of the RM instability during the reshock process is conducted using the two-component discrete Boltzmann method.The influence of reflection distance on the RM instability,including both hydrodynamic and thermodynamic non-equilibrium effects,is explored in detail.The interaction time between the reflected shock wave and the material interface varies with different reflection distances.Larger reflection distances lead to a longer evolution time of the material interface before reshock,resulting in more complex effects on the interface deformation,the mixing extent of the fluid system,and non-equilibrium behaviors after reshock.Additionally,while the reflection distance has a minimal impact on mixing entropy before the secondary impact,a significant difference emerges after the secondary impact.This suggests that the secondary impact enhances the evolution of the RM instability.Furthermore,non-equilibrium behaviors or quantities exhibit complex dynamics due to the influence of the transmitted shock wave,transverse waves,rarefaction waves,material interfaces,and dissipation/diffusion processes.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Project of Hubei Province(No.2024BAB070),China。
摘要Accurate prediction of environmental temperature is pivotal for promoting sustainable crop growth.At present,the most effective temperature sensing and prediction system is the Agricultural Internet of Things(AIoT),which deploys a large number of sensors to collect meteorological data and transmits them to the cloud server for prediction.However,this procedure is computationally and communicationally expensive for resourceconstrained AIoT.Recently,Semantic Communication(SC)has shown potential in efficient data transmission,but existing methods overlook the repetitive semantic information whilst sensing data,bringing additional overheads.With the resource-constraint nature of AIoT in mind,we propose the Semantic Communication-enabled Cognitive Agriculture Framework(SC-CAF)for delivering accurate temperature predictions.The proposed SC-CAF incorporates an intelligent analysis layer that performs the temperature prediction and model training and distribution,while a semantic layer transmitting the semantic information extracted from raw data based on the download model,ultimately to reduce communication overheads in AIoT.Furthermore,we propose a novel model called the Light Temperature Semantic Communication(LTSC)by adopting skip-attention and semantic compressor to avoid unnecessary computation and repetitive information,thereby addressing the semantic redundancy issues in sensing data.We also develop a Semantic-based Model Compression(SCMC)algorithm to alleviate the computation and bandwidth burden,enabling AIoT to explore the extensive usage of SC.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SC-CAF achieves the lowest prediction error while reducing Floating Point Operations(FLOPs)by 95.88%,memory requirements by 78.30%,Graphics Processing Unit(GPU)power by 50.77%,and time latency by 84.44%,outperforming notable state-of-the-art methods.