Strange correlator is a powerful tool widely used in detecting symmetry-protected topological(SPT)phases.However,the result of strange correlator crucially relies on the adoption of the reference state.In this work,we...Strange correlator is a powerful tool widely used in detecting symmetry-protected topological(SPT)phases.However,the result of strange correlator crucially relies on the adoption of the reference state.In this work,we report that an ill-chosen reference state can induce spurious long-range strange correlators in trivial SPT phases,leading to false positives in SPT diagnosis.展开更多
We report the first application of a single-shot cross-correlator for pulse duration and pulse contrast diagnostics in Nd:glass petawatt laser.The information of pulse duration,measured in the single-shot,guides the f...We report the first application of a single-shot cross-correlator for pulse duration and pulse contrast diagnostics in Nd:glass petawatt laser.The information of pulse duration,measured in the single-shot,guides the fine adjustment of the pulse compressor in real time.By integrating several shots of measurements at different time delays together,the petawatt pulse profile is obtained within an overall temporal window of~100 ps,indicating a contrast of~104.The measurements suggest that the additional contrast improvement is necessary for the Nd:glass petawatt laser system,which should be different from conventional Ti:sapphire lasers and is also discussed.展开更多
The B-meson decay constant fB is an important component for studying the B-meson decays, which can be studied through QCD sum rules. We make a detailed discussion on f B from two sum rules up to next-to- leading order...The B-meson decay constant fB is an important component for studying the B-meson decays, which can be studied through QCD sum rules. We make a detailed discussion on f B from two sum rules up to next-to- leading order, i.e. sum rules I and II, which are derived from the conventional correlator and the correlator with chiral currents respectively. It is found that these two sum rules are consistent with each other. The sum rules H involves less non-perturbative condensates as that of sum rules I, and in principle, it can be more accurate if we know the dimensionfour gluon condensate well. It is found that fB decreases with the increment of mb, and to compare with the Belle experimental data on fB, both sum rules I and H prefer smaller pole b-quark mass, mb= 4.68 ± 0.07 GeV. By varying all the input parameters within their reasonable regions and by adding all the uncertainties in quadrature, we obtain fB=172-25^+23 MeV for sum rules I and fB =214-34^26 MeV for sum rules П.展开更多
A noise model for the analog correlator used in the ultra wideband receivers is proposed due to lack of simulation capability on noise performance of the correlator in current EDA tools.The analog correlator circuit i...A noise model for the analog correlator used in the ultra wideband receivers is proposed due to lack of simulation capability on noise performance of the correlator in current EDA tools.The analog correlator circuit is divided into several parts to calculate the equivalent noise sources respectively.The ideal impulse generators,instead of the noise sources,are then applied to obtain the time varying transfer functions.Fourier transforms are carried out to explore the relationship between the noise input and output in frequency domain for each part.Then the symmetrical noise sources are grouped together and the periodicity of the circuit is utilized to further simplify the model.This model can be used to evaluate noise performance of the correlator.展开更多
A new encryption/decryption system for optical information security is proposed in this paper. We used an iterative Fourier transform algorithm to optimize the encrypted hologram as well as the decryption key as phase...A new encryption/decryption system for optical information security is proposed in this paper. We used an iterative Fourier transform algorithm to optimize the encrypted hologram as well as the decryption key as phase-only elements. The optical decryption was implemented by superimposing the encrypted hologram and the decryyption key in a simple optical setup. Numerical simulation and optical experiment have confirmed the proposed technique as a simple and easy implementation for optical decryption, demonstrating potential applications in optical information security verification.展开更多
Previous studies show that, in quantum chaotic and integrable systems, the so-called out-of-time-ordered correlator(OTOC) generically behaves differently at long times, while, it may show similar early growth in one-b...Previous studies show that, in quantum chaotic and integrable systems, the so-called out-of-time-ordered correlator(OTOC) generically behaves differently at long times, while, it may show similar early growth in one-body systems. In this paper, by means of numerical simulations, it is shown that OTOC has similar early growth in two quantum many-body systems, one integrable and one chaotic.展开更多
Performance of a scalable quantum processor critically relies on minimizing crosstalk and unwanted interactions within the system,as it is vital for parallel controlled operations on qubits.We present a protocol not o...Performance of a scalable quantum processor critically relies on minimizing crosstalk and unwanted interactions within the system,as it is vital for parallel controlled operations on qubits.We present a protocol not only to provide information about residual coupling but also to effectively discriminate it from the influence of classical crosstalk.Our approach utilizes out-of-time-order correlators(OTOCs)as a signal of quantum crosstalk,making it applicable to various coupling forms and scalable architectures.To demonstrate the effectiveness of our protocol,we provide a theoretical analysis and simulate its implementation in coupled superconducting qubits.展开更多
We investigate the quantum entanglement in a non-Hermitian kicking system.In the Hermitian case,the out-of-time ordered correlators(OTOCs)exhibit the unbounded power-law increase with time.Correspondingly,the linear e...We investigate the quantum entanglement in a non-Hermitian kicking system.In the Hermitian case,the out-of-time ordered correlators(OTOCs)exhibit the unbounded power-law increase with time.Correspondingly,the linear entropy,which is a common measurement of entanglement,rapidly increases from zero to almost unity,indicating the formation of quantum entanglement.For strong enough non-Hermitian driving,both the OTOCs and linear entropy rapidly saturate as time evolves.Interestingly,with the increase of non-Hermitian kicking strength,the long-time averaged value of both OTOCs and linear entropy has the same transition point where they exhibit the sharp decrease from a plateau,demonstrating the disentanglment.We reveal the mechanism of disentanglement with the extension of Floquet theory to non-Hermitian systems.展开更多
We study the behavior of information spreading in the XY model, using out-of-time-order correlators(OTOCs). The effects of anisotropic parameter γ and external magnetic field λon OTOCs are studied in detail within t...We study the behavior of information spreading in the XY model, using out-of-time-order correlators(OTOCs). The effects of anisotropic parameter γ and external magnetic field λon OTOCs are studied in detail within thermodynamical limits. The universal form which characterizes the wavefront of information spreading still holds in the XY model. The butterfly speed vBdepends on(γ, λ). At a fixed location, the early-time evolution behavior of OTOCs agrees with the results of the Hausdorff–Baker–Campbell expansion. For long-time evolution,OTOCs with local operators decay as for power law t^-1, but those with nonlocal operators show different and nontrivial power law behaviors. We also observe temperature dependence for OTOCs when(γ=0, λ=1). At low temperature, the OTOCs with nonlocal operators show divergence over time.展开更多
Currently, 1 bit or 2 bit signal quantization is widely used in satellite navigation software receivers. The bit-wise parallel algorithm has been proposed for 1 bit and 2 bit signal quantization, which performs correl...Currently, 1 bit or 2 bit signal quantization is widely used in satellite navigation software receivers. The bit-wise parallel algorithm has been proposed for 1 bit and 2 bit signal quantization, which performs correlation with high efficiency. In order to improve the performance of the correlator, this paper proposes a new 1.5 bit quantization method. Theoretical analyses are made from the aspects of complexity and quantization loss, and performance comparison between 1.5 bit quantization correlator and traditional correlators is discussed. The results show that the 1.5 bit quantization algorithm can save about 30 percent complexity under similar quantization loss, reduce more than 0.5 dB signal noise ratio(SNR) loss under similar complexity. It shows great performance improvement for correlators of satellite navigation software receivers.展开更多
We present in this paper a wideband RF demodulator using a five-port correlator and a power detector for channel sounding applications. The demodulator has been fabricated using microstrip components. The correlator r...We present in this paper a wideband RF demodulator using a five-port correlator and a power detector for channel sounding applications. The demodulator has been fabricated using microstrip components. The correlator receives from the five-port qualities that allow it to be low-cost and less sensitive to the phase and amplitude imbalances. A calibration procedure is proposed to find the complex envelope of the RF signal applied at the input of the five-port correlator. Simulation with Advanced Design System software and measurement results have been conducted to demonstrate its capabilities as a RF signal demodulator operating in a wideband around 2.4 GHz frequency.展开更多
In order to detect and recognize infrared target with joint transform correlator,a modified Cassegrain optical system is designed.The main advantages of the system are large field-of-view,infrared dual-band common opt...In order to detect and recognize infrared target with joint transform correlator,a modified Cassegrain optical system is designed.The main advantages of the system are large field-of-view,infrared dual-band common optical path and compact structure.In the modified Cassegrain optical system,the working wavelengths are 3.7~4.8μm and 8~12μm,the field-of-view is 4° and the aperture is 240mm.The paraboloidal primary mirror and hyperboloidal secondary mirror are all replaced by spherical surfaces.So the problems of high machining accuracy and alignment become much easier.In order to balance the aberrations,three compensating lenses are used in the system.The total length of the system is 183mm,and the ratio of the total length to focal length is 0.68.Moreover,the system has a good performance of athermalization between negative 40℃ and positive 60℃.The design results of the system show that the MTF value of each field is greater than 0.72 when the cut-off frequency is 11lp/mm.Due to the excellent image quality of the modified optical system,the ability of Joint transform correlator(JTC)applied in target tracking and identification has been improved for further.展开更多
A method for image encryption using a 1-D joint transform correlator is described. By use of line functions, a 2-D object is encrypted first in one direction, then in the perpendicular direction. The principle of the ...A method for image encryption using a 1-D joint transform correlator is described. By use of line functions, a 2-D object is encrypted first in one direction, then in the perpendicular direction. The principle of the method and experimental results are given.展开更多
In this paper, we are proposing a compression-based multiple color target detection for practical near real-time optical pattern recognition applications. By reducing the size of the color images to its utmost compres...In this paper, we are proposing a compression-based multiple color target detection for practical near real-time optical pattern recognition applications. By reducing the size of the color images to its utmost compression, the speed and the storage of the system are greatly increased. We have used the powerful Fringe-adjusted joint transform correlation technique to successfully detect compression-based multiple targets in colored images. The colored image is decomposed into three fundamental color components images (Red, Green, Blue) and they are separately processed by three-channel correlators. The outputs of the three channels are then combined into a single correlation output. To eliminate the false alarms and zero-order terms due to multiple desired and undesired targets in a scene, we have used the reference shifted phase-encoded and the reference phase-encoded techniques. The performance of the proposed compression-based technique is assessed through many computer simulation tests for images polluted by strong additive Gaussian and Salt & Pepper noises as well as reference occluded images. The robustness of the scheme is demonstrated for severely compressed images (up to 94% ratio), strong noise densities (up to 0.5), and large reference occlusion images (up to 75%).展开更多
Soil desiccation cracking is a prevalent natural phenomenon that poses significant geotechnical and geoenvironmental challenges.Cracks typically initiate at surface defects such as air bubbles,large aggregates,tiny pi...Soil desiccation cracking is a prevalent natural phenomenon that poses significant geotechnical and geoenvironmental challenges.Cracks typically initiate at surface defects such as air bubbles,large aggregates,tiny pits,or uneven surfaces,where localized stress concentrations are readily induced.This study conducted a series of laboratory desiccation tests on slurry samples to investigate the initiation and propagation of desiccation cracks in the presence of varying types and quantities of surface defects.Digital image correlation(DIC)technology was employed to monitor the strain and displacement fields on the soil surface during the desiccation process.The results reveal that strain and displacement data derived from DIC can precisely predict the initiation sites and propagation directions of desiccation cracks.In samples with internal defects,cracks predominantly propagate through the defect,whereas external defects tend to initiate cracks along their edges.In samples with multiple defects,Y-shaped crack patterns generally form initially,followed by T-shaped and straight cracks,driven by the evolving stress field.The dynamic interplay between crack formation and tensile stress redistribution governs the initiation and propagation of desiccation cracks.展开更多
Deep relationships in the angiosperm tree of life remain highly controversial.To address this,we first assembled the complete mitochondrial genomes for Ceratophyllum demersum and Chloranthus sessilifolius,confirming a...Deep relationships in the angiosperm tree of life remain highly controversial.To address this,we first assembled the complete mitochondrial genomes for Ceratophyllum demersum and Chloranthus sessilifolius,confirming a well-supported sister relationship that starkly conflicts with nuclear and plastid data.To dissect this classic cyto-nuclear conflict,we developed the‘PhyloForensics’framework,a novel diagnostic approach to systematically identify sources of phylogenetic instability.This framework revealed that signal heterogeneity(topological entropy variance)and information content(the proportion of informative sites)are the primary drivers of gene-tree conflict.Empirically validating this,we show that removing a small subset of“loudly conflicted”genes resolves deep-level incongruence,yielding a single,highly-supported topology previously obscured by noise.Finally,complementing this sequence-based resolution,we demonstrate that mitogenome architecture provides powerful phylogenetic signals,revealing predictable,mitogenome-wide evolutionary patterns,such as a significant negative correlation between branch length and both GC content and RNA editing sites.By integrating a validated conflict-resolution framework with architectural genomics,our study provides a comprehensive strategy for navigating the complexities of deep evolutionary histories.展开更多
The Haoping 40 m radio telescope at the National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences was built in 2014 and is primarily used to observe navigation satellites and pulsars.Since the first successful very lon...The Haoping 40 m radio telescope at the National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences was built in 2014 and is primarily used to observe navigation satellites and pulsars.Since the first successful very long baseline interferometry(VLBI)observation of L-band radio source fringes in 2022,ten observations have been made so far.The stations involved in the observations include the Haoping 40 m radio telescope(Haoping),the Tianma 65 m radio telescope(Tianma),the Nanshan 26 m radio telescope(Urumqi),the Guizhou 500 m radio telescope(FAST),the Jilin 13 m radio telescope(Jilin),the Effelsberg 100 m radio telescope(Effelsberg),the Onsala 25 m radio telescope(Onsala),and the Chiang Mai 40 m radio telescope(Chiang Mai).This paper presents details on the specifications of the Haoping 40 m radio telescope,as well as the design of the VLBI experiment,the observation process,and the data processing.We also discuss the analysis of the fringe results involving the Haoping 40 m radio telescope,using Distributed FX Correlator to obtain excellent results.We confirm that the telescope is capable of participating in VLBI observations and performing specific data processing tasks.It can therefore play a greater role in future VLBI observations.展开更多
The mechanical properties of rigid insulation tile(RIT)materials at elevated temperatures(700~1000℃)were studied through compression tests and the digital image correlation(DIC)method.To reduce measurement error in a...The mechanical properties of rigid insulation tile(RIT)materials at elevated temperatures(700~1000℃)were studied through compression tests and the digital image correlation(DIC)method.To reduce measurement error in a thermal environment,an image gradient zero-mean normalized cross-correlation algorithm(ZNCCGI)was added to the DIC algorithm.The DIC algorithm was verified via RIT material mechanical tests at room temperature.Furthermore,the compressive stress–strain curves and Young's modulus of RIT materials at elevated temperatures were obtained.The experimental results show that the Young's modulus of RIT materials significantly increased at 800℃.Moreover,the compressive yield strength was significantly improved at 800℃,which resulted in a random distribution of ceramic fibers and viscous flow deformation at elevated temperatures.Scanning electron microscope analysis demonstrated that the compressive damage occurs due to the breaking of ceramic fibers.展开更多
Understanding the properties of warm dense hydrogen is of key importance for the modeling of compact astrophysical objects and to understand and further optimize inertial confinement fusion applications.The workhorse ...Understanding the properties of warm dense hydrogen is of key importance for the modeling of compact astrophysical objects and to understand and further optimize inertial confinement fusion applications.The workhorse of warm dense matter theory is thermal density functional theory(DFT),which,however,suffers from two limitations:(i)its accuracy can depend on the utilized exchange-correlation functional,which has to be approximated,and(ii)it is generally limited to single-electron properties such as the density distribution.Here,we present a new ansatz combining time-dependent DFT results for the dynamic structure factor See(q,ω)with static DFT results for the density response.This allows us to estimate the electron-electron static structure factor See(q)of warm dense hydrogen with high accuracy over a broad range of densities and temperatures.In addition to its value for the study of warm dense matter,our work opens up new avenues for the future study of electronic correlations exclusively within the framework of DFT for a host of applications.展开更多
Defect engineering holds great promise for tailoring the multifunctional properties of MXenes.However,quantitative correlations between defect and material performance remain largely unexplored due to the lack of a re...Defect engineering holds great promise for tailoring the multifunctional properties of MXenes.However,quantitative correlations between defect and material performance remain largely unexplored due to the lack of a reliable strategy to precisely control defect densities.Here,we demonstrate that the defect density of Ti3C2Tx MXenes—including titanium and carbon vacancies,substitutional oxygen defects,and the associated lattice strain—is precisely controlled by adjusting carbon stoichiometry during TiC precursor synthesis and aluminum content during Ti3AlC2 MAX formation.The defect densities propagate from precursors to final MXenes,enabling the fabrication of a series of Ti3C2Tx MXenes with systematically controlled defect densities.This allows a quantitative correlation between defect density and multifunctional properties including electrical and thermal conductivities,infrared emissivity,electromagnetic shielding effectiveness,Joule heating performance,and oxidation stability.The defect-minimized Ti3C2Tx MXene exhibits outstanding performance,with an electrical conductivity of 26,000 S cm−1,thermal conductivity of 57 W m−1 K−1,electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 90.5 dB at 10μm,Joule heating performance of 263℃ at 1.5 V,ultralow infrared emissivity of 0.05,and superior oxidation resistance(activation energy of 72 kJ mol−1).Furthermore,this work establishes a comprehensive quantitative framework linking defect structure to multifunctional performance and stability.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12474149,12374166 for ZXL,and 12134020for ZXL)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1405300 and 2023YFA1406500 for ZXL)+1 种基金Research Center for Magnetoelectric Physics of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2024B0303390001)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices(Grant No.2022B1212010008)。
摘要Strange correlator is a powerful tool widely used in detecting symmetry-protected topological(SPT)phases.However,the result of strange correlator crucially relies on the adoption of the reference state.In this work,we report that an ill-chosen reference state can induce spurious long-range strange correlators in trivial SPT phases,leading to false positives in SPT diagnosis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 61008017 and 11121504.
摘要We report the first application of a single-shot cross-correlator for pulse duration and pulse contrast diagnostics in Nd:glass petawatt laser.The information of pulse duration,measured in the single-shot,guides the fine adjustment of the pulse compressor in real time.By integrating several shots of measurements at different time delays together,the petawatt pulse profile is obtained within an overall temporal window of~100 ps,indicating a contrast of~104.The measurements suggest that the additional contrast improvement is necessary for the Nd:glass petawatt laser system,which should be different from conventional Ti:sapphire lasers and is also discussed.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC under Grant No.2008BB0298by Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10805082 and 11075225by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.CDJZR101000616
摘要The B-meson decay constant fB is an important component for studying the B-meson decays, which can be studied through QCD sum rules. We make a detailed discussion on f B from two sum rules up to next-to- leading order, i.e. sum rules I and II, which are derived from the conventional correlator and the correlator with chiral currents respectively. It is found that these two sum rules are consistent with each other. The sum rules H involves less non-perturbative condensates as that of sum rules I, and in principle, it can be more accurate if we know the dimensionfour gluon condensate well. It is found that fB decreases with the increment of mb, and to compare with the Belle experimental data on fB, both sum rules I and H prefer smaller pole b-quark mass, mb= 4.68 ± 0.07 GeV. By varying all the input parameters within their reasonable regions and by adding all the uncertainties in quadrature, we obtain fB=172-25^+23 MeV for sum rules I and fB =214-34^26 MeV for sum rules П.
摘要A noise model for the analog correlator used in the ultra wideband receivers is proposed due to lack of simulation capability on noise performance of the correlator in current EDA tools.The analog correlator circuit is divided into several parts to calculate the equivalent noise sources respectively.The ideal impulse generators,instead of the noise sources,are then applied to obtain the time varying transfer functions.Fourier transforms are carried out to explore the relationship between the noise input and output in frequency domain for each part.Then the symmetrical noise sources are grouped together and the periodicity of the circuit is utilized to further simplify the model.This model can be used to evaluate noise performance of the correlator.
摘要A new encryption/decryption system for optical information security is proposed in this paper. We used an iterative Fourier transform algorithm to optimize the encrypted hologram as well as the decryption key as phase-only elements. The optical decryption was implemented by superimposing the encrypted hologram and the decryyption key in a simple optical setup. Numerical simulation and optical experiment have confirmed the proposed technique as a simple and easy implementation for optical decryption, demonstrating potential applications in optical information security verification.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11535011 and 11775210
摘要Previous studies show that, in quantum chaotic and integrable systems, the so-called out-of-time-ordered correlator(OTOC) generically behaves differently at long times, while, it may show similar early growth in one-body systems. In this paper, by means of numerical simulations, it is shown that OTOC has similar early growth in two quantum many-body systems, one integrable and one chaotic.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12074179 and U21A20436)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0301702)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant Nos.BE2021015-1 and BK20232002)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2023LZH002).
摘要Performance of a scalable quantum processor critically relies on minimizing crosstalk and unwanted interactions within the system,as it is vital for parallel controlled operations on qubits.We present a protocol not only to provide information about residual coupling but also to effectively discriminate it from the influence of classical crosstalk.Our approach utilizes out-of-time-order correlators(OTOCs)as a signal of quantum crosstalk,making it applicable to various coupling forms and scalable architectures.To demonstrate the effectiveness of our protocol,we provide a theoretical analysis and simulate its implementation in coupled superconducting qubits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12065009)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11704132, 11874017, and U1830111)+2 种基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Ganzhou City (Grant No. 202101095077)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (Grant No. 2021A1515012350)the KPST of Guangzhou (Grant No. 201804020055)
摘要We investigate the quantum entanglement in a non-Hermitian kicking system.In the Hermitian case,the out-of-time ordered correlators(OTOCs)exhibit the unbounded power-law increase with time.Correspondingly,the linear entropy,which is a common measurement of entanglement,rapidly increases from zero to almost unity,indicating the formation of quantum entanglement.For strong enough non-Hermitian driving,both the OTOCs and linear entropy rapidly saturate as time evolves.Interestingly,with the increase of non-Hermitian kicking strength,the long-time averaged value of both OTOCs and linear entropy has the same transition point where they exhibit the sharp decrease from a plateau,demonstrating the disentanglment.We reveal the mechanism of disentanglement with the extension of Floquet theory to non-Hermitian systems.
基金funded by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundationsupported by NSFC Grant No.11947067。
摘要We study the behavior of information spreading in the XY model, using out-of-time-order correlators(OTOCs). The effects of anisotropic parameter γ and external magnetic field λon OTOCs are studied in detail within thermodynamical limits. The universal form which characterizes the wavefront of information spreading still holds in the XY model. The butterfly speed vBdepends on(γ, λ). At a fixed location, the early-time evolution behavior of OTOCs agrees with the results of the Hausdorff–Baker–Campbell expansion. For long-time evolution,OTOCs with local operators decay as for power law t^-1, but those with nonlocal operators show different and nontrivial power law behaviors. We also observe temperature dependence for OTOCs when(γ=0, λ=1). At low temperature, the OTOCs with nonlocal operators show divergence over time.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61101076413741376147017)
摘要Currently, 1 bit or 2 bit signal quantization is widely used in satellite navigation software receivers. The bit-wise parallel algorithm has been proposed for 1 bit and 2 bit signal quantization, which performs correlation with high efficiency. In order to improve the performance of the correlator, this paper proposes a new 1.5 bit quantization method. Theoretical analyses are made from the aspects of complexity and quantization loss, and performance comparison between 1.5 bit quantization correlator and traditional correlators is discussed. The results show that the 1.5 bit quantization algorithm can save about 30 percent complexity under similar quantization loss, reduce more than 0.5 dB signal noise ratio(SNR) loss under similar complexity. It shows great performance improvement for correlators of satellite navigation software receivers.
摘要We present in this paper a wideband RF demodulator using a five-port correlator and a power detector for channel sounding applications. The demodulator has been fabricated using microstrip components. The correlator receives from the five-port qualities that allow it to be low-cost and less sensitive to the phase and amplitude imbalances. A calibration procedure is proposed to find the complex envelope of the RF signal applied at the input of the five-port correlator. Simulation with Advanced Design System software and measurement results have been conducted to demonstrate its capabilities as a RF signal demodulator operating in a wideband around 2.4 GHz frequency.
摘要In order to detect and recognize infrared target with joint transform correlator,a modified Cassegrain optical system is designed.The main advantages of the system are large field-of-view,infrared dual-band common optical path and compact structure.In the modified Cassegrain optical system,the working wavelengths are 3.7~4.8μm and 8~12μm,the field-of-view is 4° and the aperture is 240mm.The paraboloidal primary mirror and hyperboloidal secondary mirror are all replaced by spherical surfaces.So the problems of high machining accuracy and alignment become much easier.In order to balance the aberrations,three compensating lenses are used in the system.The total length of the system is 183mm,and the ratio of the total length to focal length is 0.68.Moreover,the system has a good performance of athermalization between negative 40℃ and positive 60℃.The design results of the system show that the MTF value of each field is greater than 0.72 when the cut-off frequency is 11lp/mm.Due to the excellent image quality of the modified optical system,the ability of Joint transform correlator(JTC)applied in target tracking and identification has been improved for further.
摘要A method for image encryption using a 1-D joint transform correlator is described. By use of line functions, a 2-D object is encrypted first in one direction, then in the perpendicular direction. The principle of the method and experimental results are given.
摘要In this paper, we are proposing a compression-based multiple color target detection for practical near real-time optical pattern recognition applications. By reducing the size of the color images to its utmost compression, the speed and the storage of the system are greatly increased. We have used the powerful Fringe-adjusted joint transform correlation technique to successfully detect compression-based multiple targets in colored images. The colored image is decomposed into three fundamental color components images (Red, Green, Blue) and they are separately processed by three-channel correlators. The outputs of the three channels are then combined into a single correlation output. To eliminate the false alarms and zero-order terms due to multiple desired and undesired targets in a scene, we have used the reference shifted phase-encoded and the reference phase-encoded techniques. The performance of the proposed compression-based technique is assessed through many computer simulation tests for images polluted by strong additive Gaussian and Salt & Pepper noises as well as reference occluded images. The robustness of the scheme is demonstrated for severely compressed images (up to 94% ratio), strong noise densities (up to 0.5), and large reference occlusion images (up to 75%).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42525201,42230710,42407521).
摘要Soil desiccation cracking is a prevalent natural phenomenon that poses significant geotechnical and geoenvironmental challenges.Cracks typically initiate at surface defects such as air bubbles,large aggregates,tiny pits,or uneven surfaces,where localized stress concentrations are readily induced.This study conducted a series of laboratory desiccation tests on slurry samples to investigate the initiation and propagation of desiccation cracks in the presence of varying types and quantities of surface defects.Digital image correlation(DIC)technology was employed to monitor the strain and displacement fields on the soil surface during the desiccation process.The results reveal that strain and displacement data derived from DIC can precisely predict the initiation sites and propagation directions of desiccation cracks.In samples with internal defects,cracks predominantly propagate through the defect,whereas external defects tend to initiate cracks along their edges.In samples with multiple defects,Y-shaped crack patterns generally form initially,followed by T-shaped and straight cracks,driven by the evolving stress field.The dynamic interplay between crack formation and tensile stress redistribution governs the initiation and propagation of desiccation cracks.
基金funded by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.JCYJ20241202130723030)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32170238)+2 种基金the Guangdong Pearl River Talent Program(Grant No.2021QN02N792)the Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(Grant No.JCYJ20220818103212025)the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Elite Youth Program(110243160001007)to Z.W.
摘要Deep relationships in the angiosperm tree of life remain highly controversial.To address this,we first assembled the complete mitochondrial genomes for Ceratophyllum demersum and Chloranthus sessilifolius,confirming a well-supported sister relationship that starkly conflicts with nuclear and plastid data.To dissect this classic cyto-nuclear conflict,we developed the‘PhyloForensics’framework,a novel diagnostic approach to systematically identify sources of phylogenetic instability.This framework revealed that signal heterogeneity(topological entropy variance)and information content(the proportion of informative sites)are the primary drivers of gene-tree conflict.Empirically validating this,we show that removing a small subset of“loudly conflicted”genes resolves deep-level incongruence,yielding a single,highly-supported topology previously obscured by noise.Finally,complementing this sequence-based resolution,we demonstrate that mitogenome architecture provides powerful phylogenetic signals,revealing predictable,mitogenome-wide evolutionary patterns,such as a significant negative correlation between branch length and both GC content and RNA editing sites.By integrating a validated conflict-resolution framework with architectural genomics,our study provides a comprehensive strategy for navigating the complexities of deep evolutionary histories.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(E152KJ1201)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(2024JC-YBQN-0036)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42030105 and 11973046)the National SKA Program of China(2020SKA0120200).
摘要The Haoping 40 m radio telescope at the National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences was built in 2014 and is primarily used to observe navigation satellites and pulsars.Since the first successful very long baseline interferometry(VLBI)observation of L-band radio source fringes in 2022,ten observations have been made so far.The stations involved in the observations include the Haoping 40 m radio telescope(Haoping),the Tianma 65 m radio telescope(Tianma),the Nanshan 26 m radio telescope(Urumqi),the Guizhou 500 m radio telescope(FAST),the Jilin 13 m radio telescope(Jilin),the Effelsberg 100 m radio telescope(Effelsberg),the Onsala 25 m radio telescope(Onsala),and the Chiang Mai 40 m radio telescope(Chiang Mai).This paper presents details on the specifications of the Haoping 40 m radio telescope,as well as the design of the VLBI experiment,the observation process,and the data processing.We also discuss the analysis of the fringe results involving the Haoping 40 m radio telescope,using Distributed FX Correlator to obtain excellent results.We confirm that the telescope is capable of participating in VLBI observations and performing specific data processing tasks.It can therefore play a greater role in future VLBI observations.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12472210 and 11902046)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2023-JC-YB-031)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2021T140635 and 2020M673580XB)contributed financially to this study.
摘要The mechanical properties of rigid insulation tile(RIT)materials at elevated temperatures(700~1000℃)were studied through compression tests and the digital image correlation(DIC)method.To reduce measurement error in a thermal environment,an image gradient zero-mean normalized cross-correlation algorithm(ZNCCGI)was added to the DIC algorithm.The DIC algorithm was verified via RIT material mechanical tests at room temperature.Furthermore,the compressive stress–strain curves and Young's modulus of RIT materials at elevated temperatures were obtained.The experimental results show that the Young's modulus of RIT materials significantly increased at 800℃.Moreover,the compressive yield strength was significantly improved at 800℃,which resulted in a random distribution of ceramic fibers and viscous flow deformation at elevated temperatures.Scanning electron microscope analysis demonstrated that the compressive damage occurs due to the breaking of ceramic fibers.
基金partially supported by the Center for Advanced Systems Understanding (CASUS), financed by Germany’s Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the Saxon State Government out of the State Budget approved by the Saxon State Parliamentthe European Union’s Just Transition Fund (JTF) within the project Röntgenlaser Optimierung der Laserfusion (ROLF), Contract No. 5086999001, co-financed by the Saxon State Government out of the State Budget approved by the Saxon State Parliament+3 种基金the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2022 Research and Innovation Programme (Grant Agreement No. 101076233, “PREXTREME”)Computations were performed on a Bull Cluster at the Center for Information Services and High-Performance Computing (ZIH) at Technische Universität Dresden and at the Norddeutscher Verbund für Hoch- und Höchstleistungsrechnen (HLRN) under Grant No. mvp00024support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 12274171support by the Advanced Materials–National Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No. 2024ZD0606900)
摘要Understanding the properties of warm dense hydrogen is of key importance for the modeling of compact astrophysical objects and to understand and further optimize inertial confinement fusion applications.The workhorse of warm dense matter theory is thermal density functional theory(DFT),which,however,suffers from two limitations:(i)its accuracy can depend on the utilized exchange-correlation functional,which has to be approximated,and(ii)it is generally limited to single-electron properties such as the density distribution.Here,we present a new ansatz combining time-dependent DFT results for the dynamic structure factor See(q,ω)with static DFT results for the density response.This allows us to estimate the electron-electron static structure factor See(q)of warm dense hydrogen with high accuracy over a broad range of densities and temperatures.In addition to its value for the study of warm dense matter,our work opens up new avenues for the future study of electronic correlations exclusively within the framework of DFT for a host of applications.
基金supported by grants from the Basic Science Research Program(RS-2025-02215065,2021M3H4A1A03047327,2022R1A2C3006227)established by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT,and Future Planning(MSIT)the National Research Council of Science&Technology(NST),funded by the Korean Government(MSIT)(CRC22031-000)+3 种基金supported by the Ministry of Trade,Industry and Energy(MOTIE)and Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT)through the International Cooperative R&D program(P0028332)National Research Foundation of Korea’s Brain Korea 21 FOUR Postdoctoral Research Program established by the School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering,Sungkyunkwan University(2025)supported by a National Research Council of Science&Technology grant from the Government of the Republic of Korea(Ministry of Science and ICT,No.CAP22072-101)supported by the Korea Basic Science Institute(National Research Facilities and Equipment Center)funded by the Ministry of Education(RS-2025-02308784).
摘要Defect engineering holds great promise for tailoring the multifunctional properties of MXenes.However,quantitative correlations between defect and material performance remain largely unexplored due to the lack of a reliable strategy to precisely control defect densities.Here,we demonstrate that the defect density of Ti3C2Tx MXenes—including titanium and carbon vacancies,substitutional oxygen defects,and the associated lattice strain—is precisely controlled by adjusting carbon stoichiometry during TiC precursor synthesis and aluminum content during Ti3AlC2 MAX formation.The defect densities propagate from precursors to final MXenes,enabling the fabrication of a series of Ti3C2Tx MXenes with systematically controlled defect densities.This allows a quantitative correlation between defect density and multifunctional properties including electrical and thermal conductivities,infrared emissivity,electromagnetic shielding effectiveness,Joule heating performance,and oxidation stability.The defect-minimized Ti3C2Tx MXene exhibits outstanding performance,with an electrical conductivity of 26,000 S cm−1,thermal conductivity of 57 W m−1 K−1,electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 90.5 dB at 10μm,Joule heating performance of 263℃ at 1.5 V,ultralow infrared emissivity of 0.05,and superior oxidation resistance(activation energy of 72 kJ mol−1).Furthermore,this work establishes a comprehensive quantitative framework linking defect structure to multifunctional performance and stability.