Accurate individual tree species classification is essential for forest inventory,management,and conservation.However,existing methods relying primarily on single-source remote sensing data(e.g.,spectral,LiDAR,or RGB)...Accurate individual tree species classification is essential for forest inventory,management,and conservation.However,existing methods relying primarily on single-source remote sensing data(e.g.,spectral,LiDAR,or RGB)often suffer from insufficient feature representation and noise interference,particularly in subtropical forests with high species diversity,leading to increased classification errors.To address these challenges,we proposed the Multi-source Tree Species Classification Fusion Network(MTSCFNet),a novel deep learning framework that integrates RGB imagery,LiDAR-derived feature maps,and GF-2 satellite data through a modified UNet backbone,which incorporates a three-branch encoder and a Triple Branch Feature Fusion(TBFF)module within a middle fusion strategy.We evaluated the MTSCFNet in Chinese-fir mixed forests located in the Shanxia Forest Farm,Jiangxi Province,China.The results showed that:(1)MTSCFNet outperformed four baseline models,achieving Macro F1(0.78±0.01),Micro F1(0.93±0.01),Weighted F1(0.93±0.01),a Matthews correlation coefficient(MCC)(0.89±0.01),Cohen’sĸ(0.89±0.01),and mIoU(0.69±0.01),with respective improvements of 4.05%in Macro F1,1.89%in Micro F1,0.09%in Weighted F1,1.67%in MCC,1.64%in Cohen’sĸ,and 5.92%in Mean IoU over the second best model,SwinUNet;(2)Compared to the best two-source combinations(R+S,R+L),MTSCFNet achieved up to 1.50%,3.28%,3.42%,6.72%,6.76%,and 3.51%higher Macro F1,Micro F1,Weighted F1,MCC,Cohen’sĸ,and mIoU,and up to 8.11%,2.63%,2.88%,5.01%,4.99%,and 11.48%improvements over single-source inputs,while also exhibiting the lowest variability,indicating strong robustness;(3)Under different fusion strategies,MTSCFNet with middle fusion surpassed early and late fusion by up to 15.31%,3.74%,3.99%,7.66%,7.76%,22.33%and 24.13%,5.76%,6.20%,11.48%,11.57%,32.96%in Macro F1,Micro F1,Weighted F1,MCC,Cohen’sĸ,and mIoU,respectively,validating the effectiveness of feature-level multi-modal integration;(4)In cross-region transfer experiments,MTSCFNet demonstrated strong spatial generalizability,achieving average scores of 0.78(Macro F1),0.87(Micro F1),0.86(Weighted F1),0.59(MCC),0.59(Cohen’sĸ),and 0.68(mIoU),and outperformed SwinUNet by up to 38.80%,9.40%,18.58%,22.48%,26.17%,and 33.00%in Macro F1,Micro F1,Weighted F1,MCC,Cohen’sĸ,and mIoU across varying forest densities.Overall,MTSCFNet offers a robust,accurate,and transferable solution for tree species classification in complex subtropical forest environments.展开更多
Skin lesion classification plays a crucial role in the early detection and diagnosis of various skin conditions.Recent advances in computer-aided diagnostic techniques have been instrumental in timely intervention,the...Skin lesion classification plays a crucial role in the early detection and diagnosis of various skin conditions.Recent advances in computer-aided diagnostic techniques have been instrumental in timely intervention,thereby improving patient outcomes,particularly in rural communities lacking specialized expertise.Despite the widespread adoption of convolutional neural networks(CNNs)in skin disease detection,their effectiveness has been hindered by the limited size and data imbalance of publicly accessible skin lesion datasets.In this context,a two-step hierarchical binary classification approach is proposed utilizing hybrid machine and deep learning(DL)techniques.Experiments conducted on the International Skin Imaging Collaboration(ISIC 2017)dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the hierarchical approach in handling large class imbalances.Specifically,employing DenseNet121(DNET)as a feature extractor and random forest(RF)as a classifier yielded the most promising results,achieving a balanced multiclass accuracy(BMA)of 91.07%compared to the pure deep-learning model(end-to-end DNET)with a BMA of 88.66%.The RF ensemble exhibited significantly greater efficiency than other machine-learning classifiers in aiding DL to address the challenge of learning with limited data.Furthermore,the implemented predictive hybrid hierarchical model demonstrated enhanced performance while significantly reducing computational time,indicating its potential efficiency in real-world applications for the classification of skin lesions.展开更多
部分有序数据是同时包含有序特征与无序特征的一类数据,其广泛存在于现实生活中。传统的有序分类方法或者将所有特征都视为有序特征,或者对有序与无序特征分别进行处理,忽略了二者之间的关系,这些方法难以有效解决部分有序数据上的分类...部分有序数据是同时包含有序特征与无序特征的一类数据,其广泛存在于现实生活中。传统的有序分类方法或者将所有特征都视为有序特征,或者对有序与无序特征分别进行处理,忽略了二者之间的关系,这些方法难以有效解决部分有序数据上的分类问题。针对该问题,提出一种基于特征融合的部分有序深度森林模型,称为FFDF(feature fusion-based deep forest)。利用典型相关分析的思想,设计特征融合的贡献度计算方法,将有序特征和无序特征融合到同一特征空间,统一度量二者之间的关系。对融合的特征空间进行数据粒化,降低模型处理连续变量时的复杂性。设计融合空间下的特征矩阵输入级联森林,构建部分有序的深度森林模型。在来自UCI和WEKA的13个公共数据集上与部分单调决策树、有序分类模型、深度森林模型等六种方法进行比较实验,结果表明所提方法在准确性和平均绝对误差方面均优于对比方法;与集成模型深度森林gcForest和DF21进行了时间性能上的对比实验,结果表明所提方法在时间性能上优于对比方法。展开更多
为了有效实现评论文本的情感倾向性预测,在深度森林模型的基础上提出一种基于强化表征学习的深度森林算法BFDF(Boosting Feature of Deep Forest)来对文本进行情感分类。首先,提取二元特征与情感语义概率特征;其次,对二元特征中的评价...为了有效实现评论文本的情感倾向性预测,在深度森林模型的基础上提出一种基于强化表征学习的深度森林算法BFDF(Boosting Feature of Deep Forest)来对文本进行情感分类。首先,提取二元特征与情感语义概率特征;其次,对二元特征中的评价对象做聚类处理以及特征融合;然后,改进深度森林级联层的表征学习能力,避免特征信息逐渐削减;最后,将AdaBoost方法融入到深度森林,使深度森林注意到不同特征的重要性,进而得到改进的模型BFDF。在酒店评论语料集上进行了实验验证,实验结果证明了该方法的有效性。展开更多
基金funded by Fundamental Research Funds of CAF(CAFYBB2023PA003)The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023ZD0406100-03).
摘要Accurate individual tree species classification is essential for forest inventory,management,and conservation.However,existing methods relying primarily on single-source remote sensing data(e.g.,spectral,LiDAR,or RGB)often suffer from insufficient feature representation and noise interference,particularly in subtropical forests with high species diversity,leading to increased classification errors.To address these challenges,we proposed the Multi-source Tree Species Classification Fusion Network(MTSCFNet),a novel deep learning framework that integrates RGB imagery,LiDAR-derived feature maps,and GF-2 satellite data through a modified UNet backbone,which incorporates a three-branch encoder and a Triple Branch Feature Fusion(TBFF)module within a middle fusion strategy.We evaluated the MTSCFNet in Chinese-fir mixed forests located in the Shanxia Forest Farm,Jiangxi Province,China.The results showed that:(1)MTSCFNet outperformed four baseline models,achieving Macro F1(0.78±0.01),Micro F1(0.93±0.01),Weighted F1(0.93±0.01),a Matthews correlation coefficient(MCC)(0.89±0.01),Cohen’sĸ(0.89±0.01),and mIoU(0.69±0.01),with respective improvements of 4.05%in Macro F1,1.89%in Micro F1,0.09%in Weighted F1,1.67%in MCC,1.64%in Cohen’sĸ,and 5.92%in Mean IoU over the second best model,SwinUNet;(2)Compared to the best two-source combinations(R+S,R+L),MTSCFNet achieved up to 1.50%,3.28%,3.42%,6.72%,6.76%,and 3.51%higher Macro F1,Micro F1,Weighted F1,MCC,Cohen’sĸ,and mIoU,and up to 8.11%,2.63%,2.88%,5.01%,4.99%,and 11.48%improvements over single-source inputs,while also exhibiting the lowest variability,indicating strong robustness;(3)Under different fusion strategies,MTSCFNet with middle fusion surpassed early and late fusion by up to 15.31%,3.74%,3.99%,7.66%,7.76%,22.33%and 24.13%,5.76%,6.20%,11.48%,11.57%,32.96%in Macro F1,Micro F1,Weighted F1,MCC,Cohen’sĸ,and mIoU,respectively,validating the effectiveness of feature-level multi-modal integration;(4)In cross-region transfer experiments,MTSCFNet demonstrated strong spatial generalizability,achieving average scores of 0.78(Macro F1),0.87(Micro F1),0.86(Weighted F1),0.59(MCC),0.59(Cohen’sĸ),and 0.68(mIoU),and outperformed SwinUNet by up to 38.80%,9.40%,18.58%,22.48%,26.17%,and 33.00%in Macro F1,Micro F1,Weighted F1,MCC,Cohen’sĸ,and mIoU across varying forest densities.Overall,MTSCFNet offers a robust,accurate,and transferable solution for tree species classification in complex subtropical forest environments.
基金supported by EU Commission,under Project ECS 0000024“Rome Technopole”,No.CUP H33C22000420001.
摘要Skin lesion classification plays a crucial role in the early detection and diagnosis of various skin conditions.Recent advances in computer-aided diagnostic techniques have been instrumental in timely intervention,thereby improving patient outcomes,particularly in rural communities lacking specialized expertise.Despite the widespread adoption of convolutional neural networks(CNNs)in skin disease detection,their effectiveness has been hindered by the limited size and data imbalance of publicly accessible skin lesion datasets.In this context,a two-step hierarchical binary classification approach is proposed utilizing hybrid machine and deep learning(DL)techniques.Experiments conducted on the International Skin Imaging Collaboration(ISIC 2017)dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the hierarchical approach in handling large class imbalances.Specifically,employing DenseNet121(DNET)as a feature extractor and random forest(RF)as a classifier yielded the most promising results,achieving a balanced multiclass accuracy(BMA)of 91.07%compared to the pure deep-learning model(end-to-end DNET)with a BMA of 88.66%.The RF ensemble exhibited significantly greater efficiency than other machine-learning classifiers in aiding DL to address the challenge of learning with limited data.Furthermore,the implemented predictive hybrid hierarchical model demonstrated enhanced performance while significantly reducing computational time,indicating its potential efficiency in real-world applications for the classification of skin lesions.
摘要部分有序数据是同时包含有序特征与无序特征的一类数据,其广泛存在于现实生活中。传统的有序分类方法或者将所有特征都视为有序特征,或者对有序与无序特征分别进行处理,忽略了二者之间的关系,这些方法难以有效解决部分有序数据上的分类问题。针对该问题,提出一种基于特征融合的部分有序深度森林模型,称为FFDF(feature fusion-based deep forest)。利用典型相关分析的思想,设计特征融合的贡献度计算方法,将有序特征和无序特征融合到同一特征空间,统一度量二者之间的关系。对融合的特征空间进行数据粒化,降低模型处理连续变量时的复杂性。设计融合空间下的特征矩阵输入级联森林,构建部分有序的深度森林模型。在来自UCI和WEKA的13个公共数据集上与部分单调决策树、有序分类模型、深度森林模型等六种方法进行比较实验,结果表明所提方法在准确性和平均绝对误差方面均优于对比方法;与集成模型深度森林gcForest和DF21进行了时间性能上的对比实验,结果表明所提方法在时间性能上优于对比方法。
摘要目的比较深度森林联合模型、深度森林以及随机森林在医学影像数据分类中的预测性能。方法本研究提出深度森林联合模型,通过Sobol-MDA(Sobol-mean decrease accuracy)结合深度森林级联结构和随机森林的特征提取能力,对模拟实验和真实医学影像数据进行分析。模拟实验涵盖结局变量不均衡、变量间非线性关系、噪声变量、多重共线性及交互作用等场景。实例分析基于腮腺MRI数据,比较各模型在曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)值等指标上的表现。结果在模拟实验以及实例分析中,深度森林联合模型表现优越,特别是在复杂交互作用场景下,其预测性能显著优于深度森林或随机森林模型。结论深度森林联合模型在应对复杂医学影像数据分类任务中具有显著优势,尤其在处理变量间存在高阶交互作用时,其预测性能优于深度森林。
摘要为了有效实现评论文本的情感倾向性预测,在深度森林模型的基础上提出一种基于强化表征学习的深度森林算法BFDF(Boosting Feature of Deep Forest)来对文本进行情感分类。首先,提取二元特征与情感语义概率特征;其次,对二元特征中的评价对象做聚类处理以及特征融合;然后,改进深度森林级联层的表征学习能力,避免特征信息逐渐削减;最后,将AdaBoost方法融入到深度森林,使深度森林注意到不同特征的重要性,进而得到改进的模型BFDF。在酒店评论语料集上进行了实验验证,实验结果证明了该方法的有效性。