This Special Section collects eight articles from the 16th IWA International Conference on Diffuse Pollution and Eutrophication (16th DIPCON), which was held in Beijing on 18 to 23 August, 2013. These articles focus...This Special Section collects eight articles from the 16th IWA International Conference on Diffuse Pollution and Eutrophication (16th DIPCON), which was held in Beijing on 18 to 23 August, 2013. These articles focus on the diffuse pollution problems encountered in the development process.展开更多
The development of an innova-tion-oriented culture is one of thefive objectives set by the ChineseAcademy of Sciences (CAS) for itsKnowledge Innovation Program(KIP). It falls in line with the call
The participants in the Symposium on Environmental Protection and Ecology in Develo-ping Countries, cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Federation of Asian Scientific Academies & Societies...The participants in the Symposium on Environmental Protection and Ecology in Develo-ping Countries, cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Federation of Asian Scientific Academies & Societies (FASAS), held in Beijing, China, on 1-4 November 1989.展开更多
The symposium on Environmental Protection and Ecology in Developing Countries, orga-nized and financed by Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Federation of Asian Scientific Academics and Societies (FASTS) and suppor...The symposium on Environmental Protection and Ecology in Developing Countries, orga-nized and financed by Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Federation of Asian Scientific Academics and Societies (FASTS) and supported by American Association for the Advance-ment of Science (AAAS) and the UNEP Regional representative has held on November 2-4 in Beijing, China.展开更多
Blast furnace (BF) ironmaking is dominant for reducing pollution emission and energy consumption in iron and steel industry, Under the increasingly strict environmental pressure, some innovative tech nologies of BF ...Blast furnace (BF) ironmaking is dominant for reducing pollution emission and energy consumption in iron and steel industry, Under the increasingly strict environmental pressure, some innovative tech nologies of BF ironmaking for environmental protection have been developed and applied in actual op- erating facilities. The current state of BF ironmaking in Europe, America, Japan, and China were briefly overviewed. Moreover, some innovative BF ironmaking technologies aiming at environmental harmony and operation intellectualization in the world, such as waste gas recycling sintering, BF op eration with coke oven gas injection, ferro coke, lime coating coke, BF visualization and intellectuali zation, were roundly summarized. Finally, some discussion on the technologies was carried out and the development trends of BF ironmaking were pointed out. The review could provide references and supports for the progress of environment friendly technologies of BF ironmaking, thereby promoting their practical applications and achieving sustainable development of BF ironmaking, especially for Chinese ironmaking industry.展开更多
Understanding the relation between multiple agents is very important in developing a multi agent system. Two concepts, multi agent system architecture and multi agent system architecture prototype are brought forward,...Understanding the relation between multiple agents is very important in developing a multi agent system. Two concepts, multi agent system architecture and multi agent system architecture prototype are brought forward, and the method of descrbing the relation between agents using the concepts is explored. The structure and components are designed. Based on the fact that cooperation between distributed agents is erratic, a controlled natural language communication function is designed and realized. Applying the offered interfaces, the user′s workload consumed in agent communication and management is reduced, and at the same time, robustness of the multi agent system is improved.展开更多
Inferring the fully qualified names(FQNs)of undeclared receiving objects and non-fully-qualified type names(non-FQNs)in partial code is critical for effectively searching,understanding,and reusing partial code.Existin...Inferring the fully qualified names(FQNs)of undeclared receiving objects and non-fully-qualified type names(non-FQNs)in partial code is critical for effectively searching,understanding,and reusing partial code.Existing type inference tools,such as COSTER and SNR,rely on a symbolic knowledge base and adopt a dictionary-lookup strategy to map simple names of undeclared receiving objects and non-FQNs to FQNs.However,building a symbolic knowledge base requires parsing compilable code files,which limits the collection of APIs and code contexts,resulting in out-of-vocabulary(OOV)failures.To overcome the limitations of a symbolic knowledge base for FQN inference,we implemented Ask Me Any Type(AMAT),a type of inference plugin embedded in web browsers and integrated development environment(IDE).Unlike the dictionary-lookup strategy,AMAT uses a cloze-style fill-in-the-blank strategy for type inference.By treating code as text,AMAT leverages a fine-tuned large language model(LLM)as a neural knowledge base,thereby preventing the need for code compilation.Experimental results show that AMAT outperforms state-of-the-art tools such as COSTER and SNR.In practice,developers can directly reuse partial code by inferring the FQNs of unresolved type names in real time.展开更多
We assessed genetic and environmental effectson bone development of the hand and wrist, andon key anthropometric measures in Chinese youngtwins. In total, 139 monozygotic and 95 dizygotictwin pairs aged from 5 to 18 y...We assessed genetic and environmental effectson bone development of the hand and wrist, andon key anthropometric measures in Chinese youngtwins. In total, 139 monozygotic and 95 dizygotictwin pairs aged from 5 to 18 years were recruited.The twin correlations of total hand and wrist scoresfor monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins were0.71 and 0.36, respectively. Bivariate modelanalysis showed moderate genetic correlations onlyfor total skeletal maturity vs. weight and totalskeletal maturity vs. waist circumference (r, 0.51and 0.46, respectively). Our findings demonstratedthat genetic factors played important roles in bonedevelopment of the hand and wrist in Chineseyoung twins, and that these genetic effects mightbe distinct from those influencing anthropometricmeasures.展开更多
Managing waste has been an aged-old challenge, especially in developing cities, like the Freetown Metropolitan City. Solid Waste and/or waste in general is an artefact of human activities that can spring from individu...Managing waste has been an aged-old challenge, especially in developing cities, like the Freetown Metropolitan City. Solid Waste and/or waste in general is an artefact of human activities that can spring from individuals, families, community, commercial/industrial operations etc. This study is a qualitative investigation, and it is intended to gather an inclusive knowledge of solid wastes management for better public health in Freetown, the Capital City of Sierra Leone. Statistical analysis was employed to observe numerical representations on a wide range of selected data. In an attempt to achieve the aim of this research project, reviews of available online resources were exploited, and juxtaposed with everyday knowledge in the existing state of the Freetown’s municipality solid waste management. The study revealed that residents in Freetown produce an average 0.45 kg of solid waste per individual per day. It was further established that biodegradable/organic matters comprise approximately 75% to 85% of total waste stream along with assorted retired furniture, scarp metals and plastic bags as most important recyclable elements. The hitches connected with municipal solid waste management in Freetown have become palpable, spanning from the past decade to date. Among many other factors, an upsurge influx urbanisation after the 11 years brutal civil war that ended in 2001, combine up with insufficient approved dumping sites for waste disposal and institutional incapability stand out. In this project, the contemporary approach of solid waste disposal in Freetown was carefully assessed with efforts to bring out the most feasible alternatives of solid waste disposal and acclaim ways of refining its activities. It was concluded from the study that, solid wastes in the Freetown Municipality must be tackled in a synergetic approach. That is, government corroborating with private solid waste managing actors so as to enhance an excellent better-public health, sustainable environmental, urban economic development and a resourceful energy paradigm.展开更多
This Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is the process which converts an acoustic signal captured by the microphone to written text. The motivation of the paper is to create a speech based Integrated Development Envir...This Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is the process which converts an acoustic signal captured by the microphone to written text. The motivation of the paper is to create a speech based Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for C program. This paper proposes a technique to facilitate the visually impaired people or the person with arm injuries with excellent programming skills that can code the C program through voice input. The proposed system accepts the C program as voice input and produces compiled C program as output. The user should utter each line of the C program through voice input. First the voice input is recognized as text. The recognized text will be converted into C program by using syntactic constructs of the C language. After conversion, C program will be fetched as input to the IDE. Furthermore, the IDE commands like open, save, close, compile, run are also given through voice input only. If any error occurs during the compilation process, the error is corrected through voice input only. The errors can be corrected by specifying the line number through voice input. Performance of the speech recognition system is analyzed by varying the vocabulary size as well as number of mixture components in HMM.展开更多
First of all, it is my honor to announce that Professor X. Chris Le has been appointed the Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Environmental Sciences (JES) after an international search and selection by the committee memb...First of all, it is my honor to announce that Professor X. Chris Le has been appointed the Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Environmental Sciences (JES) after an international search and selection by the committee members of the Research Center of Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Professor Hongxiao Tang,展开更多
The Center for RESDS is an R&D body for comprehensive study under the joint sponsorship of the CAS Nanjing Branch,Nanjing University and Hehai University, all being research and educational institutions in the vic...The Center for RESDS is an R&D body for comprehensive study under the joint sponsorship of the CAS Nanjing Branch,Nanjing University and Hehai University, all being research and educational institutions in the vicinity of Nanjing. The Center’s headquarters are the CAS Nanjing Branch. The Center’s objective is to answer the challenge posed by the 21st century and serve the economic reconstruction across the land by marrying campuses with research institutes so that the center might grow into展开更多
Rural development is a broad and meaningful concept. It means not only economic growth butalso changes towards a better direction in economic structure , social structure , relation between human soci-ety and environm...Rural development is a broad and meaningful concept. It means not only economic growth butalso changes towards a better direction in economic structure , social structure , relation between human soci-ety and environment, and even political structure. Present development should not damage the environmentbut leave the same or an improved natural resource endowment as a bequest to the future. This is the devel-opment with environmental sustainability. In this paper the characteristics of rural development were reex-amined, and what environmental sustainability means and how to measure it were explicitly presented. Prac-tical approaches for achieving environmental sustainability were also given with some cases from China.展开更多
Constructing an environ- ment for human rights development is a large, comprehensive project as well asa long and arduous mission. Although constructing an environment for human rights development was not mentioned mu...Constructing an environ- ment for human rights development is a large, comprehensive project as well asa long and arduous mission. Although constructing an environment for human rights development was not mentioned much in the past, in actuality it began early and achieved sustained progress. It is a gradual process that is also a prerequisite for earnestly respecting and ensuring human rights. There are five dimensions to building a sustainable environment for human rights development.展开更多
Today, we are gathered to welcome the opening of the Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights, which is co-sponsored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. Undo...Today, we are gathered to welcome the opening of the Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights, which is co-sponsored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. Undoubtedly it is of positive significance that human rights experts and scholars in the international human rights field from many countries in the world have assembled together in this golden season to plan human rights develop- ment. On behalf of the State Council Information Office of China, I wouldlike to express warm congratulations to the opening of this forum, and sincere welcome to friends in atten- dance.展开更多
Environmental fights are im- portant fights that have been written into fundamental hu- man rights since the 1970s. With economic globalization and sci- entific and technological progress, it is more and more importan...Environmental fights are im- portant fights that have been written into fundamental hu- man rights since the 1970s. With economic globalization and sci- entific and technological progress, it is more and more important to educate and protect environmental rights world- wide. As a large developing country, China has significant responsibilities in the field of global environmental safety. However, the awareness and status of environmental rights protection are still not suited to people's demands for environmental rights, making it an important task to carry out scientific planning and environmental rights edu- cation and improve citizens' enjoyment of environmental rights. We propose to start from defining the constitutional status of environmental rights and pro- mote the education and protection of environmental rights at the same time, so as to enhance mutual influence and contribute to creating a good environ- ment for mankind.展开更多
The Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights is opened today, which is co-spon- sored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. First, on behalf of the China Found...The Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights is opened today, which is co-spon- sored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. First, on behalf of the China Foundation for Human Rights Development, I would like to express warm congratulations to the opening of the Forum, and heartfelt thanks tothe friends who have always cared for and supported for the development and progress of human rights cause of China.展开更多
摘要This Special Section collects eight articles from the 16th IWA International Conference on Diffuse Pollution and Eutrophication (16th DIPCON), which was held in Beijing on 18 to 23 August, 2013. These articles focus on the diffuse pollution problems encountered in the development process.
摘要The development of an innova-tion-oriented culture is one of thefive objectives set by the ChineseAcademy of Sciences (CAS) for itsKnowledge Innovation Program(KIP). It falls in line with the call
摘要The participants in the Symposium on Environmental Protection and Ecology in Develo-ping Countries, cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Federation of Asian Scientific Academies & Societies (FASAS), held in Beijing, China, on 1-4 November 1989.
摘要The symposium on Environmental Protection and Ecology in Developing Countries, orga-nized and financed by Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Federation of Asian Scientific Academics and Societies (FASTS) and supported by American Association for the Advance-ment of Science (AAAS) and the UNEP Regional representative has held on November 2-4 in Beijing, China.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.50804008and 51374058)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2016M601321)the Fundamental Research Funds of the Central Universities of China(No.N162503003)
摘要Blast furnace (BF) ironmaking is dominant for reducing pollution emission and energy consumption in iron and steel industry, Under the increasingly strict environmental pressure, some innovative tech nologies of BF ironmaking for environmental protection have been developed and applied in actual op- erating facilities. The current state of BF ironmaking in Europe, America, Japan, and China were briefly overviewed. Moreover, some innovative BF ironmaking technologies aiming at environmental harmony and operation intellectualization in the world, such as waste gas recycling sintering, BF op eration with coke oven gas injection, ferro coke, lime coating coke, BF visualization and intellectuali zation, were roundly summarized. Finally, some discussion on the technologies was carried out and the development trends of BF ironmaking were pointed out. The review could provide references and supports for the progress of environment friendly technologies of BF ironmaking, thereby promoting their practical applications and achieving sustainable development of BF ironmaking, especially for Chinese ironmaking industry.
基金TheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No .5 9835 170 )
摘要Understanding the relation between multiple agents is very important in developing a multi agent system. Two concepts, multi agent system architecture and multi agent system architecture prototype are brought forward, and the method of descrbing the relation between agents using the concepts is explored. The structure and components are designed. Based on the fact that cooperation between distributed agents is erratic, a controlled natural language communication function is designed and realized. Applying the offered interfaces, the user′s workload consumed in agent communication and management is reduced, and at the same time, robustness of the multi agent system is improved.
基金Supported by the Key Scientific and Technological Research Projects of the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education(GJJ2200303)the National Social Science Foundation Major Bidding Project(20&ZD068)。
摘要Inferring the fully qualified names(FQNs)of undeclared receiving objects and non-fully-qualified type names(non-FQNs)in partial code is critical for effectively searching,understanding,and reusing partial code.Existing type inference tools,such as COSTER and SNR,rely on a symbolic knowledge base and adopt a dictionary-lookup strategy to map simple names of undeclared receiving objects and non-FQNs to FQNs.However,building a symbolic knowledge base requires parsing compilable code files,which limits the collection of APIs and code contexts,resulting in out-of-vocabulary(OOV)failures.To overcome the limitations of a symbolic knowledge base for FQN inference,we implemented Ask Me Any Type(AMAT),a type of inference plugin embedded in web browsers and integrated development environment(IDE).Unlike the dictionary-lookup strategy,AMAT uses a cloze-style fill-in-the-blank strategy for type inference.By treating code as text,AMAT leverages a fine-tuned large language model(LLM)as a neural knowledge base,thereby preventing the need for code compilation.Experimental results show that AMAT outperforms state-of-the-art tools such as COSTER and SNR.In practice,developers can directly reuse partial code by inferring the FQNs of unresolved type names in real time.
摘要We assessed genetic and environmental effectson bone development of the hand and wrist, andon key anthropometric measures in Chinese youngtwins. In total, 139 monozygotic and 95 dizygotictwin pairs aged from 5 to 18 years were recruited.The twin correlations of total hand and wrist scoresfor monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins were0.71 and 0.36, respectively. Bivariate modelanalysis showed moderate genetic correlations onlyfor total skeletal maturity vs. weight and totalskeletal maturity vs. waist circumference (r, 0.51and 0.46, respectively). Our findings demonstratedthat genetic factors played important roles in bonedevelopment of the hand and wrist in Chineseyoung twins, and that these genetic effects mightbe distinct from those influencing anthropometricmeasures.
摘要Managing waste has been an aged-old challenge, especially in developing cities, like the Freetown Metropolitan City. Solid Waste and/or waste in general is an artefact of human activities that can spring from individuals, families, community, commercial/industrial operations etc. This study is a qualitative investigation, and it is intended to gather an inclusive knowledge of solid wastes management for better public health in Freetown, the Capital City of Sierra Leone. Statistical analysis was employed to observe numerical representations on a wide range of selected data. In an attempt to achieve the aim of this research project, reviews of available online resources were exploited, and juxtaposed with everyday knowledge in the existing state of the Freetown’s municipality solid waste management. The study revealed that residents in Freetown produce an average 0.45 kg of solid waste per individual per day. It was further established that biodegradable/organic matters comprise approximately 75% to 85% of total waste stream along with assorted retired furniture, scarp metals and plastic bags as most important recyclable elements. The hitches connected with municipal solid waste management in Freetown have become palpable, spanning from the past decade to date. Among many other factors, an upsurge influx urbanisation after the 11 years brutal civil war that ended in 2001, combine up with insufficient approved dumping sites for waste disposal and institutional incapability stand out. In this project, the contemporary approach of solid waste disposal in Freetown was carefully assessed with efforts to bring out the most feasible alternatives of solid waste disposal and acclaim ways of refining its activities. It was concluded from the study that, solid wastes in the Freetown Municipality must be tackled in a synergetic approach. That is, government corroborating with private solid waste managing actors so as to enhance an excellent better-public health, sustainable environmental, urban economic development and a resourceful energy paradigm.
摘要This Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is the process which converts an acoustic signal captured by the microphone to written text. The motivation of the paper is to create a speech based Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for C program. This paper proposes a technique to facilitate the visually impaired people or the person with arm injuries with excellent programming skills that can code the C program through voice input. The proposed system accepts the C program as voice input and produces compiled C program as output. The user should utter each line of the C program through voice input. First the voice input is recognized as text. The recognized text will be converted into C program by using syntactic constructs of the C language. After conversion, C program will be fetched as input to the IDE. Furthermore, the IDE commands like open, save, close, compile, run are also given through voice input only. If any error occurs during the compilation process, the error is corrected through voice input only. The errors can be corrected by specifying the line number through voice input. Performance of the speech recognition system is analyzed by varying the vocabulary size as well as number of mixture components in HMM.
摘要First of all, it is my honor to announce that Professor X. Chris Le has been appointed the Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Environmental Sciences (JES) after an international search and selection by the committee members of the Research Center of Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Professor Hongxiao Tang,
摘要The Center for RESDS is an R&D body for comprehensive study under the joint sponsorship of the CAS Nanjing Branch,Nanjing University and Hehai University, all being research and educational institutions in the vicinity of Nanjing. The Center’s headquarters are the CAS Nanjing Branch. The Center’s objective is to answer the challenge posed by the 21st century and serve the economic reconstruction across the land by marrying campuses with research institutes so that the center might grow into
摘要Rural development is a broad and meaningful concept. It means not only economic growth butalso changes towards a better direction in economic structure , social structure , relation between human soci-ety and environment, and even political structure. Present development should not damage the environmentbut leave the same or an improved natural resource endowment as a bequest to the future. This is the devel-opment with environmental sustainability. In this paper the characteristics of rural development were reex-amined, and what environmental sustainability means and how to measure it were explicitly presented. Prac-tical approaches for achieving environmental sustainability were also given with some cases from China.
摘要Constructing an environ- ment for human rights development is a large, comprehensive project as well asa long and arduous mission. Although constructing an environment for human rights development was not mentioned much in the past, in actuality it began early and achieved sustained progress. It is a gradual process that is also a prerequisite for earnestly respecting and ensuring human rights. There are five dimensions to building a sustainable environment for human rights development.
摘要Today, we are gathered to welcome the opening of the Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights, which is co-sponsored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. Undoubtedly it is of positive significance that human rights experts and scholars in the international human rights field from many countries in the world have assembled together in this golden season to plan human rights develop- ment. On behalf of the State Council Information Office of China, I wouldlike to express warm congratulations to the opening of this forum, and sincere welcome to friends in atten- dance.
摘要Environmental fights are im- portant fights that have been written into fundamental hu- man rights since the 1970s. With economic globalization and sci- entific and technological progress, it is more and more important to educate and protect environmental rights world- wide. As a large developing country, China has significant responsibilities in the field of global environmental safety. However, the awareness and status of environmental rights protection are still not suited to people's demands for environmental rights, making it an important task to carry out scientific planning and environmental rights edu- cation and improve citizens' enjoyment of environmental rights. We propose to start from defining the constitutional status of environmental rights and pro- mote the education and protection of environmental rights at the same time, so as to enhance mutual influence and contribute to creating a good environ- ment for mankind.
摘要The Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights is opened today, which is co-spon- sored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. First, on behalf of the China Foundation for Human Rights Development, I would like to express warm congratulations to the opening of the Forum, and heartfelt thanks tothe friends who have always cared for and supported for the development and progress of human rights cause of China.