Product development process management plays an important role in concurrent engineering (CE). The integration platform is a useful tool for effectively supporting the software development and integration. Based on th...Product development process management plays an important role in concurrent engineering (CE). The integration platform is a useful tool for effectively supporting the software development and integration. Based on the analysis of practical requirements for product development process management for CE, a CORBA-based integration platform of product development process management (IP-PDPM) is designed and developed. The design principles for IP-PDPM are described. The system architecture and functions of the platform are given, the key technologies for the implementation of IP-PDPM are presented, the application integration mechanism and its implementation techniques are also detailed.展开更多
Based on the analysis of the development process system status of domestic and foreign civil aircraft airborne system suppliers,this paper proposes the overall construction idea of"a set of civil aircraft process...Based on the analysis of the development process system status of domestic and foreign civil aircraft airborne system suppliers,this paper proposes the overall construction idea of"a set of civil aircraft process system"based on IPD(Integrated product development)in the organization.The development stage,process,activity and task are the logical framework elements of the system construction."Based on process decomposition,vertical stratification,horizontal segmentation,combination of special and common,process customized to tools,role and process integration,giving full consideration to the interface between supplier management and process modules"etc.are the concrete ideas.Moreover,formulate top⁃level system construction standards,implemented by process system management tool platform,so that the process system and development work can be effectively integrated to effectively guide the development work of airborne system suppliers,and meet the quality and airworthiness requirements of civil aircraft development.Through the development application of a certain type of flight control system,the process system and tool platform were verified and optimized in practice.展开更多
With the continuous development of science and technology, there will be greater breakthroughs in the field of aviation science and technology which also puts forward higher requirements for the project management of ...With the continuous development of science and technology, there will be greater breakthroughs in the field of aviation science and technology which also puts forward higher requirements for the project management of aviation product development. In recent years, with the gradual deepening of the aviation project management work research, many project management modes and project management methods have been gradually applied to the aviation product development project management work. Relevant staff needs to constantly improve their own quality, carefully formulate the project management methods and measures, form the aviation project management measures with their own development characteristics and promote the development of Chinas aviation industry.展开更多
The implementation of product development process management (PDPM) is an effective means of developing products with higher quality in shorter lead time. It is argued in this paper that product, data, person and acti...The implementation of product development process management (PDPM) is an effective means of developing products with higher quality in shorter lead time. It is argued in this paper that product, data, person and activity are basic factors in PDPM With detailed analysis of these basic factors and their relations in product developmed process, all product development activities are considered as tasks and the management of product development process is regarded as the management of task execution A task decomposition based product development model is proposed with methods of constructing task relation matrix from layer model and constraint model resulted from task decomposition. An algorithm for constructing directed task graph is given and is used in the management of tasks. Finally, the usage and limitation of the proposed PDPM model is given with further work proposed.展开更多
In concurrent engineering, effective process management is the key to improve the efficiency and quality of product development. Although in project management system, workflow management system and PDM system, proces...In concurrent engineering, effective process management is the key to improve the efficiency and quality of product development. Although in project management system, workflow management system and PDM system, process management functions are provided, they can not meet the needs of product development. In this paper, we integrate the project management, workflow management and product management technique together and a concurrent engineering oriented integrated product development process management system is proposed. The system structure, integrated product development model and running method are introduced. The practice proves this system is powerful in supporting product development process.展开更多
Today the cycle time of the product develop is requ ir ed to be shortened. At the same time the requirement of the customers becomes mo re and more diverse and complex. The capability of the develop unit is limited b ...Today the cycle time of the product develop is requ ir ed to be shortened. At the same time the requirement of the customers becomes mo re and more diverse and complex. The capability of the develop unit is limited b ecause of the existence of heterogeneous systems and distributed environments. I n this paper, we bring forward a new approach to solve the problem in product de velopment process. We also settle part key technologies in it. A great deal of information from all kinds of sources in the distributed develop ment process is interweaved. The solution to organize the workflow and manage th e information in the process is called for anxiously. We use a new approach that is asynchronous and synchronous coupling product development approach based on the network. The approach extends the develop process from the time axis. Then t he activities in the process are organized from the asynchronous and synchronous aspects. The state of every activity projects at the ASN (active semantic netwo rk). The ASN includes decision system, intelligent agent, user interface and net work. The ASN decides the types and states of the activities and deals with the couple relationship among them. The knowledge stored in ASN is open to all users through the relative interfaces. Every specialist keeps contact with their user s relying on collaborative platform implements CSCW (computer support collaborat ive work) that integrated product/process design and development. The lack of gl obal communication in product development process can be prevented in the most d egree. The key technologies that exist in the asynchronous and synchronous coupling pro duct develop approach include: integrated development structure, orderly organiz ation of information, transparent management of process, agile transfer of infor mation and rapid prototype. The development process can be completed quickly by these technologies. The technologies involve wide content. In this paper, we dis cuss some key technologies. We validate the approach by the projectrapid response manufacturing a pplication in the distributed environment. The expensive device, high technology and low using lead to RE (Rapid engineering) and RP (Rapid prototype) service a pplication by the network. RE and RP develop rapidly due to the accelerated prod uct development process. RE and RP application service platform is built in the project.展开更多
The basic region/leucine zipper(bZIP)proteins represent one of the largest transcription factor(TF)families and have been identified in various plant species.The plant bZIPs regulate growth and development processes,a...The basic region/leucine zipper(bZIP)proteins represent one of the largest transcription factor(TF)families and have been identified in various plant species.The plant bZIPs regulate growth and development processes,are closely linked to plant metabolism,and play key roles in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.This review specifically summarizes the regulatory functions of plant bZIP TFs in abiotic stresses(drought,salinity,temperature extremes,and heavy metals),biotic stresses(pathogens and herbivorous insects),primary and secondary metabolism,and developmental processes(seed maturation,fruit ripening,organ senescence).We highlight mechanistic models,unresolved controversies,and future research directions,providing a theoretical basis for crop improvement.展开更多
The genus Brassica comprises diverse agriculturally important crops and is grown for vegetables,oil crops,forage,and industrial purposes.With the advancement of next-generation sequencing technologies in plants,hundre...The genus Brassica comprises diverse agriculturally important crops and is grown for vegetables,oil crops,forage,and industrial purposes.With the advancement of next-generation sequencing technologies in plants,hundreds of thousands of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)have been identified and characterized in Brassica crops.LncRNAs intricately regulate diverse aspects of Brassica crop growth and development,including flowering time,flower fertility,pollen development,and abiotic stress tolerance,and involve unique mechanisms that regulate gene expression,miRNAs,and interaction in controlling hormone pathways.This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of lncRNAs,with a particular focus on their regulatory roles in Brassica crops which are increasingly grown in tropical and subtropical agricultural systems under abiotic stress conditions,such as heat,drought,and salinity.展开更多
The circadian clock enables plants to synchronize physiological and developmental processes with daily and seasonal light fluctuations.In horticultural crops,this endogenous oscillator interacts with photoperiod,light...The circadian clock enables plants to synchronize physiological and developmental processes with daily and seasonal light fluctuations.In horticultural crops,this endogenous oscillator interacts with photoperiod,light quality,and light intensity to coordinate flowering,growth,metabolism,and stress adaptation.Photoperiodic control,mediated largely by the conserved CONSTANS(CO)-FLOWERING LOcUS T(FT)module,governs flowering transitions and vegetative-reproductive balance in horticultural crops,such as strawberry,chrysanthemum,cucumber,tomato,and potato.Spectral composition,particularly red/far-red and blue light perceived through phytochromes and cryptochromes,reshapes circadian amplitude and phase to regulate photosynthesis,morphogenesis,and secondary metabolism.Meanwhile,light intensity adjusts oscillator robustness and energy allocation,influencing rhythmic stability under controlled-environment cultivation.The emerging research topics such as on species-specific clock diversity,circadian regulation of quality traits,and precision lighting strategies aligned with rhythmic principles were also discussed.Analyzing the interaction between light signals and the biological clock will help deepen our understanding of the time regulation mechanism in horticulture plants,and can provide a basis for designing optimized periodic cultivation systems in horticulture,thereby improving yield and quality of horticultural crops.In this review,we will summarize the research findings on how light environments regulate the circadian rhythms of horticultural plants,as well as their potential applications in horticulture.展开更多
The Conversion of Farmland to Forests and Grasses Project is the most symbolic and globally important ecological engineering effort to build the human and natural life community.After the call and mobilization stage s...The Conversion of Farmland to Forests and Grasses Project is the most symbolic and globally important ecological engineering effort to build the human and natural life community.After the call and mobilization stage since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the first round of Conversion of Farmland to Forests and Grasses occurred at the end of the 20 th century.With the second round of Conversion of Farmland to Forests And Grasses launched in 2014,the central government has invested 535.3 billion yuan altogether by 2020,and 34.83 million ha have been returned to forest and grassland in 25 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)(2435 counties included).Among them,14.23 million ha were returned from farmland;barren hills and wasteland afforestation accounted for 17.53 million ha;and sealed mountain forest cultivation represented 3.07 million ha,accounting for 40%of the total afforestation area of national key projects in the same period,and 41 million households and 158 million farmers benefited directly.The project construction has made great achievements.The total value of ecological benefits has reached 1.42 trillion yuan,plus economic benefits of 0.26 trillion yuan,and social benefits of 0.73 trillion yuan,for a total amount of 2.41 trillion yuan.This effort has made outstanding contributions toward building an ecological civilization and a beautiful China.Looking forward to the future,the Conversion of Farmland to Forests and Grasses will embark on a new stage of high-quality development,which will strive to achieve high-quality construction,high efficiency and a high level of management.China will promote the third round of conversion of farmland to forest and grassland from 2021 to 2035,and it is expected to return 6.67 million ha to forests and grasses.展开更多
The present study investigated the longitudinal and reciprocal associations between psychological distress and psychological inflexibility among college students.A total of 391 participants(77.2%male;age=20.31,SD=0.90...The present study investigated the longitudinal and reciprocal associations between psychological distress and psychological inflexibility among college students.A total of 391 participants(77.2%male;age=20.31,SD=0.90)were recruited through cluster sampling,completed the DASS-21(21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale)and AAQ-II(Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II)at two time points(T1:March 2024;T2:October 2024).After establishing longitudinal measurement invariance,a cross-lagged panel model was estimated while controlling for gender and age.Results from cross-lagged panel modeling(CLPM)revealed significant concurrent correlations between psychological distress and psychological inflexibility at both time points,as well as reciprocal predictive effects:T1 psychological distress significantly predicted higher T2 psychological inflexibility(β=0.155,p=0.006),and T1 psychological inflexibility significantly predicted higher T2 psychological distress(β=0.186,p<0.001).Gender was also significantly associated with baseline distress.These findings highlight the developmental interplay between psychological distress and psychological inflexibility consistent with the core assumptions of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy(ACT).These findings provide empirical support for prevention and intervention strategies grounded in ACT-based approaches,such as acceptance,mindfulness,and values-oriented action,to promote mental health in young adulthood.展开更多
The growth of the software game development industry is enormous and is gaining importance day by day. This growth imposes severe pressure and a number of issues and challenges on the game development community. Game ...The growth of the software game development industry is enormous and is gaining importance day by day. This growth imposes severe pressure and a number of issues and challenges on the game development community. Game development is a complex process, and one important game development choice is to consider the developer's perspective to produce good-quality software games by improving the game development process. The objective of this study is to provide a better understanding of the developer's dimension as a factor in software game success. It focuses mainly on an empirical investigation of the effect of key developer's factors on the software game development process and eventually on the quality of the resulting game. A quantitative survey was developed and conducted to identify key developer's factors for an enhanced game development process. For this study, the developed survey was used to test the research model and hypotheses. The results provide evidence that game development organizations must deal with multiple key factors to remain competitive and to handle high pressure in the software game industry. The main contribution of this paper is to investigate empirically the influence of key developer's factors on the game development process.展开更多
Scientific modeling provides mathematical abstractions of real-world systems and builds software as implementations of these mathematical abstractions.Ocean science is a multidisciplinary discipline developing scienti...Scientific modeling provides mathematical abstractions of real-world systems and builds software as implementations of these mathematical abstractions.Ocean science is a multidisciplinary discipline developing scientific models and simulations as ocean sys-tem models that are an essential research asset.In software engineering and information systems research,modeling is also an essential activity.In particular,business process modeling for business process management and systems engineering is the activity of representing processes of an enterprise,so that the current process may be analyzed,improved and automated.In this paper,we employ process modeling for analyzing sci-entific software development in ocean science to advance the state in engineering of ocean system models and to better understand how ocean system models are developed and maintained in ocean science.We interviewed domain experts in semi-structured inter-views,analyzed the results via thematic analysis,and modeled the results via the Busi-ness Process Modeling Notation(BPMN).The processes modeled as a result describe an aspired state of software development in the domain,which are often not(yet)imple-mented.This enables existing processes in simulation-based system engineering to be improved with the help of these process models.展开更多
Concurrent engineering (CE) is a systematic approach to integrate concurrent design of products and their related processes. Its objective is to shorten product life cycle, improve product quality and reduce product c...Concurrent engineering (CE) is a systematic approach to integrate concurrent design of products and their related processes. Its objective is to shorten product life cycle, improve product quality and reduce product cost. Modeling the concurrent engineering product development process (CEPDP) is a key part of this process which has attracted the attention of researchers and engineers around the world. This paper focuses on a newly developed and potentially powerful CEPDP modeling philosophy——integrated multi view modeling (IMVM), by which managers can foresee the evolution of a product from its conception to its disposal and consider all the important factors in its production before a project is launched. CEPDP/IMVM is a product oriented modeling method. A modeling environment is used to establish a systematic model including different aspects of the process such as product information, development activities, enterprise resources, and organizational structure. The integration within an IMVM model should accurately reflect the PDPs dynamic characteristics and provide necessary information for monitoring and coordinating processes. 展开更多
This paper reviewed the trend and development of semi-solid metal technique. The processes and mechanisms for producing slurry of SSM and its industrial applications have been summarized and discussed. Discussions on ...This paper reviewed the trend and development of semi-solid metal technique. The processes and mechanisms for producing slurry of SSM and its industrial applications have been summarized and discussed. Discussions on the basic rheological theory are presented for more applications. Further consideration of the development and application of SSM technique is also proposed.展开更多
China's reform and opening-up policy has brought the country a great development opportunity. The high-speed growth of the economy not only led China to a period of industrialization, urbanization, informatization an...China's reform and opening-up policy has brought the country a great development opportunity. The high-speed growth of the economy not only led China to a period of industrialization, urbanization, informatization and agricultural modernization, but also exacerbated the situation of the urban–rural dual structure. Based on the review of current studies, we first used the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) method to evaluate the urban–rural development and transformation level by population transformation index, land transformation index, industrial transformation index and social transformation index between 1996 and 2012 around the Bohai Rim Region. Then, based on the results of each index, we used the exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA) method to investigate the spatial autocorrelation of the change in the urban–rural development transformation index during the 16-year period using Global Moran's I index and Local Moran's I index. Finally, we investigated the mechanism of change of the urban–rural development transformation index at county level, summarizing five main factors:(1) the radiation from the surrounding big cities,(2) the acceleration of the urbanization process,(3) the upgrading of the industrial structure,(4) the publishing and implementation of a macro development strategy and regional policy, and(5) natural factors such as topology.展开更多
Scheduling concurrent activities is of great significance to shorten development lead time and minimize the cost, a heuristic optimization scheduling approach therefore is proposed for concurrent product development p...Scheduling concurrent activities is of great significance to shorten development lead time and minimize the cost, a heuristic optimization scheduling approach therefore is proposed for concurrent product development process, in which some uncertain crucial parameters are determined by genetic algorithm (GA). To ensure the optimal concurrent scheduling and the effective utilization of resources along with the fluent delivery of information, some key factors such as time order, information, resources, lead time and overlapping time of activities are taken into account adequately, and the weights of these factors are fixed by GA. In addition, role allocation and feedback revision process are realized in optimization module. The simulation example is a part of a certain product development process, and the results show the feasibility of the algorithm.展开更多
In recent years,automation has become a key focus in software development as organizations seek to improve efficiency and reduce time-to-market.The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)tools,particularly those us...In recent years,automation has become a key focus in software development as organizations seek to improve efficiency and reduce time-to-market.The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)tools,particularly those using natural language processing(NLP)like ChatGPT,has opened new possibilities for automating various stages of the development lifecycle.The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT in automating various phases of software development.An artificial intelligence(AI)tool was developed using the OpenAI—Application Programming Interface(API),incorporating two key functionalities:1)generating user stories based on case or process inputs,and 2)estimating the effort required to execute each user story.Additionally,ChatGPT was employed to generate application code.The AI tool was tested in three case studies,each explored under two different development strategies:a semi-automated process utilizing the AI tools and a traditional manual approach.The results demonstrated a significant reduction in total development time,ranging from 40%to 51%.However,it was observed that the generated content could be inaccurate and incomplete,necessitating review and debugging before being applied to projects.In conclusion,given the increasing shift towards automation in software engineering,further research is critical to enhance the efficiency and reliability of AI tools,particularly those that leverage natural language processing(NLP)technologies.展开更多
This article presents a multiscale simulation approach starting at the molecular level for the adsorption process development.A grand canonical Monte Carlo method is used for the prediction of adsorption isotherms of ...This article presents a multiscale simulation approach starting at the molecular level for the adsorption process development.A grand canonical Monte Carlo method is used for the prediction of adsorption isotherms of methanol on an activated carbon at the molecular level.The adsorption isotherms obtained in the linear region(or adsorption constant)are exploited as a model parameter required for the adsorption process simulation.The adsorption process model described by a set of partial differential equations(PDEs)is solved by using the conservation element and solution element method,which produces a fast and an accurate numerical solution to PDEs.The simulation results obtained from the adsorption constant estimated at the molecular level are in good agreement with the experimental results of the pulse response.The systematical multiscale simulation approach addressed in this study may be useful to accelerate the adsorption process development by reducing the number of experiments.展开更多
A methodology is presented to identify environmental impact minimization alternatives for reaction processes and assess their environmental performance. The potential environmental impact (PEI) scheme can be used to v...A methodology is presented to identify environmental impact minimization alternatives for reaction processes and assess their environmental performance. The potential environmental impact (PEI) scheme can be used to visibly display the transformation relationships among different types of PEI, identify the sources of environmental impacts, and propose alternatives for eliminating or minimizing the impacts. To evaluate the environmental performance of the alternatives effectively, some new indices, such as PEI input rate of non-products, PEI output rate of non-products per profit and the PEI conversion efficiency are proposed. Finally, the application of the methodology is illustrated using an industrial case study.展开更多
摘要Product development process management plays an important role in concurrent engineering (CE). The integration platform is a useful tool for effectively supporting the software development and integration. Based on the analysis of practical requirements for product development process management for CE, a CORBA-based integration platform of product development process management (IP-PDPM) is designed and developed. The design principles for IP-PDPM are described. The system architecture and functions of the platform are given, the key technologies for the implementation of IP-PDPM are presented, the application integration mechanism and its implementation techniques are also detailed.
摘要Based on the analysis of the development process system status of domestic and foreign civil aircraft airborne system suppliers,this paper proposes the overall construction idea of"a set of civil aircraft process system"based on IPD(Integrated product development)in the organization.The development stage,process,activity and task are the logical framework elements of the system construction."Based on process decomposition,vertical stratification,horizontal segmentation,combination of special and common,process customized to tools,role and process integration,giving full consideration to the interface between supplier management and process modules"etc.are the concrete ideas.Moreover,formulate top⁃level system construction standards,implemented by process system management tool platform,so that the process system and development work can be effectively integrated to effectively guide the development work of airborne system suppliers,and meet the quality and airworthiness requirements of civil aircraft development.Through the development application of a certain type of flight control system,the process system and tool platform were verified and optimized in practice.
摘要With the continuous development of science and technology, there will be greater breakthroughs in the field of aviation science and technology which also puts forward higher requirements for the project management of aviation product development. In recent years, with the gradual deepening of the aviation project management work research, many project management modes and project management methods have been gradually applied to the aviation product development project management work. Relevant staff needs to constantly improve their own quality, carefully formulate the project management methods and measures, form the aviation project management measures with their own development characteristics and promote the development of Chinas aviation industry.
摘要The implementation of product development process management (PDPM) is an effective means of developing products with higher quality in shorter lead time. It is argued in this paper that product, data, person and activity are basic factors in PDPM With detailed analysis of these basic factors and their relations in product developmed process, all product development activities are considered as tasks and the management of product development process is regarded as the management of task execution A task decomposition based product development model is proposed with methods of constructing task relation matrix from layer model and constraint model resulted from task decomposition. An algorithm for constructing directed task graph is given and is used in the management of tasks. Finally, the usage and limitation of the proposed PDPM model is given with further work proposed.
摘要In concurrent engineering, effective process management is the key to improve the efficiency and quality of product development. Although in project management system, workflow management system and PDM system, process management functions are provided, they can not meet the needs of product development. In this paper, we integrate the project management, workflow management and product management technique together and a concurrent engineering oriented integrated product development process management system is proposed. The system structure, integrated product development model and running method are introduced. The practice proves this system is powerful in supporting product development process.
摘要Today the cycle time of the product develop is requ ir ed to be shortened. At the same time the requirement of the customers becomes mo re and more diverse and complex. The capability of the develop unit is limited b ecause of the existence of heterogeneous systems and distributed environments. I n this paper, we bring forward a new approach to solve the problem in product de velopment process. We also settle part key technologies in it. A great deal of information from all kinds of sources in the distributed develop ment process is interweaved. The solution to organize the workflow and manage th e information in the process is called for anxiously. We use a new approach that is asynchronous and synchronous coupling product development approach based on the network. The approach extends the develop process from the time axis. Then t he activities in the process are organized from the asynchronous and synchronous aspects. The state of every activity projects at the ASN (active semantic netwo rk). The ASN includes decision system, intelligent agent, user interface and net work. The ASN decides the types and states of the activities and deals with the couple relationship among them. The knowledge stored in ASN is open to all users through the relative interfaces. Every specialist keeps contact with their user s relying on collaborative platform implements CSCW (computer support collaborat ive work) that integrated product/process design and development. The lack of gl obal communication in product development process can be prevented in the most d egree. The key technologies that exist in the asynchronous and synchronous coupling pro duct develop approach include: integrated development structure, orderly organiz ation of information, transparent management of process, agile transfer of infor mation and rapid prototype. The development process can be completed quickly by these technologies. The technologies involve wide content. In this paper, we dis cuss some key technologies. We validate the approach by the projectrapid response manufacturing a pplication in the distributed environment. The expensive device, high technology and low using lead to RE (Rapid engineering) and RP (Rapid prototype) service a pplication by the network. RE and RP develop rapidly due to the accelerated prod uct development process. RE and RP application service platform is built in the project.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32202423).
摘要The basic region/leucine zipper(bZIP)proteins represent one of the largest transcription factor(TF)families and have been identified in various plant species.The plant bZIPs regulate growth and development processes,are closely linked to plant metabolism,and play key roles in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.This review specifically summarizes the regulatory functions of plant bZIP TFs in abiotic stresses(drought,salinity,temperature extremes,and heavy metals),biotic stresses(pathogens and herbivorous insects),primary and secondary metabolism,and developmental processes(seed maturation,fruit ripening,organ senescence).We highlight mechanistic models,unresolved controversies,and future research directions,providing a theoretical basis for crop improvement.
基金supported by grants from the China NSFC Research Fund for International Young Scientists(Grant No.32250410291)the Key Research Program of Hainan Province(Grant No.ZDYF2022XDNY185)a Special PN on coding the Academician Team Innovation Center of Hainan Province(Grant No.YSPTZX202206).
摘要The genus Brassica comprises diverse agriculturally important crops and is grown for vegetables,oil crops,forage,and industrial purposes.With the advancement of next-generation sequencing technologies in plants,hundreds of thousands of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)have been identified and characterized in Brassica crops.LncRNAs intricately regulate diverse aspects of Brassica crop growth and development,including flowering time,flower fertility,pollen development,and abiotic stress tolerance,and involve unique mechanisms that regulate gene expression,miRNAs,and interaction in controlling hormone pathways.This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of lncRNAs,with a particular focus on their regulatory roles in Brassica crops which are increasingly grown in tropical and subtropical agricultural systems under abiotic stress conditions,such as heat,drought,and salinity.
基金supported by the Primary Research and Develop-ment Plan of Jiangsu Province(BE2023350)Achievement Transfer and Transformation Project of Jiangsu Agricultural High-tech Zone(BE2024012)+2 种基金Jiangsu Seed Industry Revitalization Project[JBGS(2021)068]Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Project(PAPD)Bioinformatics Center of Nanjing Agricultural University.
摘要The circadian clock enables plants to synchronize physiological and developmental processes with daily and seasonal light fluctuations.In horticultural crops,this endogenous oscillator interacts with photoperiod,light quality,and light intensity to coordinate flowering,growth,metabolism,and stress adaptation.Photoperiodic control,mediated largely by the conserved CONSTANS(CO)-FLOWERING LOcUS T(FT)module,governs flowering transitions and vegetative-reproductive balance in horticultural crops,such as strawberry,chrysanthemum,cucumber,tomato,and potato.Spectral composition,particularly red/far-red and blue light perceived through phytochromes and cryptochromes,reshapes circadian amplitude and phase to regulate photosynthesis,morphogenesis,and secondary metabolism.Meanwhile,light intensity adjusts oscillator robustness and energy allocation,influencing rhythmic stability under controlled-environment cultivation.The emerging research topics such as on species-specific clock diversity,circadian regulation of quality traits,and precision lighting strategies aligned with rhythmic principles were also discussed.Analyzing the interaction between light signals and the biological clock will help deepen our understanding of the time regulation mechanism in horticulture plants,and can provide a basis for designing optimized periodic cultivation systems in horticulture,thereby improving yield and quality of horticultural crops.In this review,we will summarize the research findings on how light environments regulate the circadian rhythms of horticultural plants,as well as their potential applications in horticulture.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42171279)The Mobility Programme DFG-NSFC(M-0342)The National Forestry and Grassland Administration of China:Research on the Development Strategy of China Conversion of Farmland to Forests and Grasses(TBG2020002)。
摘要The Conversion of Farmland to Forests and Grasses Project is the most symbolic and globally important ecological engineering effort to build the human and natural life community.After the call and mobilization stage since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the first round of Conversion of Farmland to Forests and Grasses occurred at the end of the 20 th century.With the second round of Conversion of Farmland to Forests And Grasses launched in 2014,the central government has invested 535.3 billion yuan altogether by 2020,and 34.83 million ha have been returned to forest and grassland in 25 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)(2435 counties included).Among them,14.23 million ha were returned from farmland;barren hills and wasteland afforestation accounted for 17.53 million ha;and sealed mountain forest cultivation represented 3.07 million ha,accounting for 40%of the total afforestation area of national key projects in the same period,and 41 million households and 158 million farmers benefited directly.The project construction has made great achievements.The total value of ecological benefits has reached 1.42 trillion yuan,plus economic benefits of 0.26 trillion yuan,and social benefits of 0.73 trillion yuan,for a total amount of 2.41 trillion yuan.This effort has made outstanding contributions toward building an ecological civilization and a beautiful China.Looking forward to the future,the Conversion of Farmland to Forests and Grasses will embark on a new stage of high-quality development,which will strive to achieve high-quality construction,high efficiency and a high level of management.China will promote the third round of conversion of farmland to forest and grassland from 2021 to 2035,and it is expected to return 6.67 million ha to forests and grasses.
基金funded by Sichuan International Studies University Research Project,grant number sisu202427。
摘要The present study investigated the longitudinal and reciprocal associations between psychological distress and psychological inflexibility among college students.A total of 391 participants(77.2%male;age=20.31,SD=0.90)were recruited through cluster sampling,completed the DASS-21(21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale)and AAQ-II(Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II)at two time points(T1:March 2024;T2:October 2024).After establishing longitudinal measurement invariance,a cross-lagged panel model was estimated while controlling for gender and age.Results from cross-lagged panel modeling(CLPM)revealed significant concurrent correlations between psychological distress and psychological inflexibility at both time points,as well as reciprocal predictive effects:T1 psychological distress significantly predicted higher T2 psychological inflexibility(β=0.155,p=0.006),and T1 psychological inflexibility significantly predicted higher T2 psychological distress(β=0.186,p<0.001).Gender was also significantly associated with baseline distress.These findings highlight the developmental interplay between psychological distress and psychological inflexibility consistent with the core assumptions of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy(ACT).These findings provide empirical support for prevention and intervention strategies grounded in ACT-based approaches,such as acceptance,mindfulness,and values-oriented action,to promote mental health in young adulthood.
摘要The growth of the software game development industry is enormous and is gaining importance day by day. This growth imposes severe pressure and a number of issues and challenges on the game development community. Game development is a complex process, and one important game development choice is to consider the developer's perspective to produce good-quality software games by improving the game development process. The objective of this study is to provide a better understanding of the developer's dimension as a factor in software game success. It focuses mainly on an empirical investigation of the effect of key developer's factors on the software game development process and eventually on the quality of the resulting game. A quantitative survey was developed and conducted to identify key developer's factors for an enhanced game development process. For this study, the developed survey was used to test the research model and hypotheses. The results provide evidence that game development organizations must deal with multiple key factors to remain competitive and to handle high pressure in the software game industry. The main contribution of this paper is to investigate empirically the influence of key developer's factors on the game development process.
基金This work was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG——German Research Foundation),grant no.HA 2038/8-1——425916241.
摘要Scientific modeling provides mathematical abstractions of real-world systems and builds software as implementations of these mathematical abstractions.Ocean science is a multidisciplinary discipline developing scientific models and simulations as ocean sys-tem models that are an essential research asset.In software engineering and information systems research,modeling is also an essential activity.In particular,business process modeling for business process management and systems engineering is the activity of representing processes of an enterprise,so that the current process may be analyzed,improved and automated.In this paper,we employ process modeling for analyzing sci-entific software development in ocean science to advance the state in engineering of ocean system models and to better understand how ocean system models are developed and maintained in ocean science.We interviewed domain experts in semi-structured inter-views,analyzed the results via thematic analysis,and modeled the results via the Busi-ness Process Modeling Notation(BPMN).The processes modeled as a result describe an aspired state of software development in the domain,which are often not(yet)imple-mented.This enables existing processes in simulation-based system engineering to be improved with the help of these process models.
摘要Concurrent engineering (CE) is a systematic approach to integrate concurrent design of products and their related processes. Its objective is to shorten product life cycle, improve product quality and reduce product cost. Modeling the concurrent engineering product development process (CEPDP) is a key part of this process which has attracted the attention of researchers and engineers around the world. This paper focuses on a newly developed and potentially powerful CEPDP modeling philosophy——integrated multi view modeling (IMVM), by which managers can foresee the evolution of a product from its conception to its disposal and consider all the important factors in its production before a project is launched. CEPDP/IMVM is a product oriented modeling method. A modeling environment is used to establish a systematic model including different aspects of the process such as product information, development activities, enterprise resources, and organizational structure. The integration within an IMVM model should accurately reflect the PDPs dynamic characteristics and provide necessary information for monitoring and coordinating processes.
基金the National Natural Science foundation of China! (59995440)
摘要This paper reviewed the trend and development of semi-solid metal technique. The processes and mechanisms for producing slurry of SSM and its industrial applications have been summarized and discussed. Discussions on the basic rheological theory are presented for more applications. Further consideration of the development and application of SSM technique is also proposed.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41130748No.41471143
摘要China's reform and opening-up policy has brought the country a great development opportunity. The high-speed growth of the economy not only led China to a period of industrialization, urbanization, informatization and agricultural modernization, but also exacerbated the situation of the urban–rural dual structure. Based on the review of current studies, we first used the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) method to evaluate the urban–rural development and transformation level by population transformation index, land transformation index, industrial transformation index and social transformation index between 1996 and 2012 around the Bohai Rim Region. Then, based on the results of each index, we used the exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA) method to investigate the spatial autocorrelation of the change in the urban–rural development transformation index during the 16-year period using Global Moran's I index and Local Moran's I index. Finally, we investigated the mechanism of change of the urban–rural development transformation index at county level, summarizing five main factors:(1) the radiation from the surrounding big cities,(2) the acceleration of the urbanization process,(3) the upgrading of the industrial structure,(4) the publishing and implementation of a macro development strategy and regional policy, and(5) natural factors such as topology.
摘要Scheduling concurrent activities is of great significance to shorten development lead time and minimize the cost, a heuristic optimization scheduling approach therefore is proposed for concurrent product development process, in which some uncertain crucial parameters are determined by genetic algorithm (GA). To ensure the optimal concurrent scheduling and the effective utilization of resources along with the fluent delivery of information, some key factors such as time order, information, resources, lead time and overlapping time of activities are taken into account adequately, and the weights of these factors are fixed by GA. In addition, role allocation and feedback revision process are realized in optimization module. The simulation example is a part of a certain product development process, and the results show the feasibility of the algorithm.
摘要In recent years,automation has become a key focus in software development as organizations seek to improve efficiency and reduce time-to-market.The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)tools,particularly those using natural language processing(NLP)like ChatGPT,has opened new possibilities for automating various stages of the development lifecycle.The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT in automating various phases of software development.An artificial intelligence(AI)tool was developed using the OpenAI—Application Programming Interface(API),incorporating two key functionalities:1)generating user stories based on case or process inputs,and 2)estimating the effort required to execute each user story.Additionally,ChatGPT was employed to generate application code.The AI tool was tested in three case studies,each explored under two different development strategies:a semi-automated process utilizing the AI tools and a traditional manual approach.The results demonstrated a significant reduction in total development time,ranging from 40%to 51%.However,it was observed that the generated content could be inaccurate and incomplete,necessitating review and debugging before being applied to projects.In conclusion,given the increasing shift towards automation in software engineering,further research is critical to enhance the efficiency and reliability of AI tools,particularly those that leverage natural language processing(NLP)technologies.
基金the Basic Research Program of the Korea Science&Engineering Foundation(KoSEF,No.R01-2006-000-10786-0).
摘要This article presents a multiscale simulation approach starting at the molecular level for the adsorption process development.A grand canonical Monte Carlo method is used for the prediction of adsorption isotherms of methanol on an activated carbon at the molecular level.The adsorption isotherms obtained in the linear region(or adsorption constant)are exploited as a model parameter required for the adsorption process simulation.The adsorption process model described by a set of partial differential equations(PDEs)is solved by using the conservation element and solution element method,which produces a fast and an accurate numerical solution to PDEs.The simulation results obtained from the adsorption constant estimated at the molecular level are in good agreement with the experimental results of the pulse response.The systematical multiscale simulation approach addressed in this study may be useful to accelerate the adsorption process development by reducing the number of experiments.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20176045)Major State Basic Research Development Program(No.G20000263)
摘要A methodology is presented to identify environmental impact minimization alternatives for reaction processes and assess their environmental performance. The potential environmental impact (PEI) scheme can be used to visibly display the transformation relationships among different types of PEI, identify the sources of environmental impacts, and propose alternatives for eliminating or minimizing the impacts. To evaluate the environmental performance of the alternatives effectively, some new indices, such as PEI input rate of non-products, PEI output rate of non-products per profit and the PEI conversion efficiency are proposed. Finally, the application of the methodology is illustrated using an industrial case study.