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Difference-in-Differences research designs for energy and environmental policy evaluation:A critical and practical guide 认领 引用
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作者 Chao AN Peng ZHOU 《ENGINEERING Management》 CSCD 2026年第2期386-403,共18页
The Difference-in-Differences(DID)method relying on observational data has become a well-established tool for causal inference in the evaluation of energy and environmental policies.Despite its popularity and rapid me... The Difference-in-Differences(DID)method relying on observational data has become a well-established tool for causal inference in the evaluation of energy and environmental policies.Despite its popularity and rapid methodological advances,there is still a lack of practical guidelines for the full DID research design,which may in turn lead to limited credibility and misleading policy implications.This study presents a comprehensive,up-todate,critical,and practical guide to the DID research design,which is intended to help early-career researchers improve the credibility,transparency,and replicability of policy evaluation studies.This guide offers a step-by-step framework covering real-world questions,clean identification strategies,appropriate controls,proper standard errors,transparent data,robust checks,and insightful analyses of heterogeneity and mechanism.By focusing on research logic and design principles rather than complex methodological details,this study helps researchers and policymakers obtain more credible evidence for policy learning and optimization. 展开更多
关键词 policy evaluation Difference-in-Differences research design causal inference guidelines energy and environment
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From Local Large-Scale Health Signal Inflation to Stochastic Stationarity:A Multiple-Component Risk Recalibration Framework via Intelligent Difference-in-Differences Decomposition 认领 引用
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作者 Marco Roccetti 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2026年第5期1155-1170,共16页
Geospatial health risk signals,characterized by associations with high magnitude statistical significance,may frequently originate from circumscribed observational data streams.When these signals are fueled by massive... Geospatial health risk signals,characterized by associations with high magnitude statistical significance,may frequently originate from circumscribed observational data streams.When these signals are fueled by massive N-size datasets,the large dimensional scale of the sample can induce a misleading interpretation of local evidence as a statistically significant risk inflation.The objective of this study is to verify whether such health risk configurations constitute geospatial structural artifacts:namely,stochastic distortions generated by the spatial information of local health repositories that,despite theirmassive scale,may remain fundamentally distant frombroader contextual realities.To this aim,we present amathematical framework designed to evaluate geospatial health systemic resilience by resolving local signal inflation through a structural remodelling procedure.By integrating a Recentered Influence Function(RIF)regression and a state-tuple formalization,the model expands the analytical context beyond the boundaries of the local health data,systematically hooking into broader reference frameworks(e.g.,historical metrics and national-level standards).Through the application of a spatial Difference-in-Differences(DiD)decomposition,the local risk signal is partitioned into an explained component,justified by local covariates,and a structural unexplained component.This decomposition isolates the divergence between the observed phenomena and a broader baseline,revealing how the magnitude of a local health alarm can often be a function of ameasurement bias internal to the data-generating process.To prove the framework’s efficacy,we conducted our analysis on a large geospatial health dataset.The analysis revealed that the initial reported alarm was the byproduct of a 32.5%structural weight deficit in the high-risk stratum of the local experimental population and,most critically,a 45.1%deficit in disease occurrences within the non-exposed local baseline compared to the national reference.This exemplar modeling has demonstrated that our proposed diagnostic and corrective framework can be a useful diagnostic tool to validate the identification of a health risk,having quantified the inversion of the original signal froman initial risk factor of 1.27 to a recalibrated 0.77 value.By isolating the structural difference between local observations and extra-local references,this methodology ensures consistency between verifiable health reality and dataset-specific outcomes,detecting and mitigating structurally inflated risk signals. 展开更多
关键词 Structural health re-modelling recentered influence function geospatial systemic resilience health risk recalibration spatial difference-in-differences intelligent signal mitigation
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The Impact of the Internationalization of ESG Standards on the Trade Competitiveness of Multinational Enterprises:A Difference-in-Differences Test Based on Global Manufacturing Listed Companies 认领 引用
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作者 Yihan Wang 《Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies》 2025年第4期239-244,共6页
This paper takes global manufacturing listed companies from 2010 to 2022 as samples and uses the difference-in-differences(DID)method to empirically examine the impact of the internationalization of ESG standards on t... This paper takes global manufacturing listed companies from 2010 to 2022 as samples and uses the difference-in-differences(DID)method to empirically examine the impact of the internationalization of ESG standards on the trade competitiveness of multinational enterprises and their mechanisms.The research finds that the internationalization of ESG standards significantly enhances the trade competitiveness of multinational manufacturing enterprises,and this effect is dynamic and sustainable.The mechanism analysis indicates that the internationalization of ESG standards exerts its influence through three pathways:reducing enterprise financing costs,promoting technological innovation,and enhancing brand reputation.The heterogeneity analysis shows that this effect is more significant in enterprises from developed countries,high-pollution industries,and larger enterprises.This paper provides micro-level evidence for understanding the economic consequences of the internationalization of ESG standards and offers policy implications for multinational enterprises to cope with the global ESG rule changes and enhance their trade competitiveness. 展开更多
关键词 Internationalization of ESG standards Trade competitiveness Multinational enterprises Difference-in-differences method Manufacturing industry Online publication:September 10,20251.Introduction
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Evaluation of the Influence of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle as an Economic Center and Enhancement Strategies: An Empirical Analysis Based on SDID and Entropy- Weighted TOPSIS 认领 引用
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作者 Zhou Dong 《Contemporary Social Sciences》 2025年第5期65-84,共20页
This paper focuses on Chengdu and Chongqing’s positioning as important economic center in western China and their evolving into an economic center of national influence.On the one hand,it uses the synthetic differenc... This paper focuses on Chengdu and Chongqing’s positioning as important economic center in western China and their evolving into an economic center of national influence.On the one hand,it uses the synthetic difference-in-differences(SDID)method to analyze the impact of policies since 2011 designed to build Chengdu and Chongqing into an important economic center in western China.On the other hand,it employs the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method to comprehensively evaluate the influences of ten core Chinese cities as economic centers within four major urban agglomerations,as well as conduct an analytical assessment of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle from key perspectives such as its capacity to lead,capacity to agglomerate,and capacity to radiate.From a longitudinal historical perspective,both Chengdu and Chongqing have benefited significantly from policies designed to build an important economic center in western China,and which laid a foundation for building an economic center of national influence.From a horizontal regional comparison,among the ten core cities evaluated as economic centers within the four major urban agglomerations,Chengdu and Chongqing ranked in the middle,possessing a moderate but not yet outstanding influence.Consequently,to evolve into an economic center of national influence,the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle should leverage its relative advantages in connectivity,market size,value chain division of labor,policy attractiveness,and industry development.It can enhance its influence by strengthening the complementarity of its economic resources,overcoming the administrative inertia,accelerating the establishment of a regional innovation system,broadening the scope of its economic radiation,and promoting its comprehensive and all-dimensional opening-up. 展开更多
关键词 Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle influence of economic center urban agglomeration entropy-weighted TOPSIS Method synthetic difference-in-differences(SDID)
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Has the Belt and Road Initiative reshaped the ecological sustainability of Eurasia:A perspective of three-dimensional ecological footprint 认领 引用
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作者 Nan Yu Tianming Shao +1 位作者 Renjin Sun Chunming Xu 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第3期1553-1571,共19页
At present,environmental problems are becoming increasingly severe,and sustainable development concerns the common destiny of all mankind around the world.Leveraging ecological footprint and ecological carrying capaci... At present,environmental problems are becoming increasingly severe,and sustainable development concerns the common destiny of all mankind around the world.Leveraging ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity data for Eurasia from 2000 to 2022,this study employs a three-dimensional ecological footprint model to conduct a multi-scale sustainability assessment.Further applying a difference-in-differences model,we analyze the impact mechanisms of the Belt and Road Initiative on Eurasia's ecological footprint.Quantile regression and heterogeneity analysis reveal Belt and Road Initiative's differential effects across countries.Key findings indicate that:(1)Eurasia's unsustainable development intensified from 2000 to 2022,with ecological footprint depth rising from 1.966 to 2.513 ha/cap,while per capita ecological footprint size declined slightly from 1.092 to 1.023 ha/cap.(2)Classifying 83 countries into 9 sustainability types based on ecological footprint depth and size,Asia showed weak sustainability(low size-medium depth and low size-low depth types),while Europe was primarily low size-medium depth with relatively stronger sustainability.Six countries experienced weakened sustainability and six improved.(3)The Belt and Road Initiative significantly increased ecological footprint in Eurasian countries,mediated by industrial structure,technological innovation,and foreign direct investment.Quantile regression indicates Belt and Road Initiative's effect is stronger in nations with lower initial ecological footprint.Heterogeneity analysis further shows Belt and Road Initiative disproportionately impacts countries with lower ecological footprint depth,smaller per capita ecological footprint size,and weaker sustainability.These insights provide critical guidance for implementing the UN 2030 Agenda and formulating Belt and Road Initiative policies to enhance long-term sustainability. 展开更多
关键词 Ecological footprint Eurasia The Belt and Road initiative Difference-in-differences Sustainable development
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Impact of county-to-district conversion on the urban-rural integration development: A case study from Jiangsu Province,China 认领 引用
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作者 MENG Gui WANG Kaiyong +1 位作者 WANG Fuyuan LI He 《Regional Sustainability》 CAS CSCD 2026年第2期59-74,共16页
County-to-district conversion(CDC) has restructured the pattern of urban-rural development and influenced the allocation of resources by local governments as well as the urbanization process.However,the impact and mec... County-to-district conversion(CDC) has restructured the pattern of urban-rural development and influenced the allocation of resources by local governments as well as the urbanization process.However,the impact and mechanism of the CDC on China's urban-rural integration development(URID) are not yet clear.Using panel data from 52 county-level cities,districts,and counties in Jiangsu Province of China during 2005–2021,this paper constructed an evaluation system for URID and applied the multi-period difference-in-differences(DID) model to measure the impact of the CDC on URID and identify its primary mechanisms of action.The results demonstrated that the CDC has significantly fostered URID,though with pronounced regional heterogeneity.Specifically,while the CDC facilitated URID in the southern and central Jiangsu Province—regions characterized by high socio-economic development—it exerted a less significant impact in the comparatively underdeveloped northern Jiangsu Province.Mechanistically,the implementation of the CDC promotes equal regional development,enhances rural selfdevelopment capacity,improves environmental quality and living standards,and optimizes urban-rural land allocation and transport networks.Ultimately,this study clarifies the role of the CDC in China,provides insights for achieving URID,and offers a reference for other countries pursuing coordinated urban-rural development. 展开更多
关键词 County-to-district conversion(CDC) Urban-rural integration development(URID) Multi-period difference-in-differences(DID) County-level city
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Effect evaluation of carbon sequestration of grassland ecological compensation policy:Evidence from China’s Yellow River Basin 认领 引用
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作者 Xiao Zhang Daoxiong Chen Shunbo Yao 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 CSCD 2026年第1期27-40,共14页
The Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy(GECP)is a large-scale project that has been investing in China since 2011.Despite the significant investment and long duration of the GECP,its impact on carbon sequestratio... The Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy(GECP)is a large-scale project that has been investing in China since 2011.Despite the significant investment and long duration of the GECP,its impact on carbon sequestration in grasslands remains unclear.Based on panel data from prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin(YRB)from 2000 to 2020,this study explored the effects of the GECP on grassland carbon sequestration in the YRB and its heterogeneity using a time-varying difference-in-differences(TV-DID)model.Subsequently,we predicted changes in carbon sequestration in grasslands under the influence of the GECP from 2021 to 2040 using a simulation.The main conclusions are as follows:First,the implementation of the GECP promoted carbon sequestration in grasslands.This conclusion was validated after conducting a series of robustness tests.Moreover,the effects of the GECP were heterogeneous across different geographical locations,highway densities,and grassland areas.Finally,the simulation results indicated that over the next 20 years,grassland carbon sequestration will generally increase but exhibit cyclical changes.The government should align the principles and objectives of the GECP with local geographic conditions,resource availability,and socio-economic development.It must formulate and implement tailored policies that maximize the ecological protection benefits of the GECP and promote carbon sequestration in the grasslands of the YRB. 展开更多
关键词 Grassland ecological compensation policy Grassland carbon sequestration Time-varying difference-in-differences model Heterogeneity analysis Simulation test
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Broadband China Policy can alleviate city-level carbon inequality in China 认领 引用
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作者 DU Mengbing ZHANG Caijing +4 位作者 QIU Ning ZHANG Zhe LI Wen SHAN Wanyue ZHANG Li 《Regional Sustainability》 CAS CSCD 2026年第3期38-52,共15页
Understanding the role of digital infrastructure development in shaping carbon inequality(CI)is critical for promoting environmental equity in the digital era.While the digital infrastructure has expanded rapidly in C... Understanding the role of digital infrastructure development in shaping carbon inequality(CI)is critical for promoting environmental equity in the digital era.While the digital infrastructure has expanded rapidly in China,its environmental implications remain ambiguous.This study investigated the impact of the Broadband China Policy(BCP)on city-level CI using a multi-period difference-in-differences(DID)approach with data from 2005 to 2022.Results showed that the implementation of the BCP led to a 7.2%average reduction in CI.This effect operated through two key mechanisms:industrial structure upgrading and technological innovation.While cities in the eastern region reduced CI mainly through upgrading from carbon-intensive secondary industries to less carbon-intensive tertiary sectors,cities in the non-eastern region benefited from enhanced technological innovation.These region-specific pathways underscore the adaptive potential of digital infrastructure in fostering inclusive green development.These findings highlight the role of digitalization as a transformative platform for environmental equity,offering theoretical and policy-relevant insights for designing targeted,region-sensitive strategies that integrate digital and low-carbon transitions. 展开更多
关键词 Broadband China Policy(BCP) Carbon inequality(CI) Carbon emissions Industrial structure upgrading Technological innovation Difference-in-differences(DID) Digital infrastructure development
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基于反事实准自然实验的生态保护红线绩效评估——以江苏省为例 认领 引用
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作者 石雨杭 金晓斌 +5 位作者 樊后宝 梁坤宇 韩博 陈浮 孙燕 周寅康 《生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第13期6779-6792,共14页
生态保护红线是在生态空间范围内具有特殊重要生态功能、必须强制性严格保护的区域,既是国家生态安全底线,也是自然资源用途管制的重要依据,在国土空间规划中担负重要责任,但其实施成效仍需科学评估。以江苏省为研究对象,基于2000—2020... 生态保护红线是在生态空间范围内具有特殊重要生态功能、必须强制性严格保护的区域,既是国家生态安全底线,也是自然资源用途管制的重要依据,在国土空间规划中担负重要责任,但其实施成效仍需科学评估。以江苏省为研究对象,基于2000—2020年5期生态系统服务核算,构建涵盖水源涵养、土壤保持、生境质量、气候调节、碳固持与水质净化等六类生态系统服务的评估体系,基于反事实理论,采用合成双重差分模型(Synthetic Difference-in-Differences,SDID)识别生态保护红线的净干预效应。结果表明:(1)生态保护红线区内生态系统服务整体较为稳定,大部分生态系统服务在政策实施后得到不同程度的改善;红线区内生态系统服务整体显著优于区外,其中土壤保持和水质净化效果最为突出,红线区土壤保持量约为缓冲区的2.7倍,磷输出量显著下降;(2)“红线”政策显著提升了水源涵养、生境质量、气候调节、碳固持与土壤保持等服务功能,其中土壤保持和碳固持量分别增加1780.56t和94.85t,磷输出量降低3.78kg,政策绩效总体正向显著;(3)空间安慰剂检验与生态管控区对比分析验证了模型的稳健性与结论的可靠性,说明严格的空间管控和人类活动限制是红线政策发挥生态效益的关键机制。为量化生态保护红线政策绩效提供了新思路,对完善生态系统分级管控、强化刚性约束及动态评估等具有积极意义。 展开更多
关键词 生态保护红线 生态系统服务 合成双重差分模型(SDID) 反事实评估 政策绩效
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碳排放权交易减轻中国工业碳锁定了吗?--基于DID及SDID方法的实证分析 认领 引用 被引量：14
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作者 孙丽文 赵鹏 +1 位作者 任相伟 韩莹 《科技管理研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2020年第9期205-211,共7页
碳排放权交易已在多个试点地区实施多年,利用建模分析方法,探讨碳排放权交易对地区工业碳锁定程度的影响。采集中国30个省区市2010-2016年面板数据,计算工业碳锁定系数,依此测算工业碳锁定程度,并运用双重差分法(DID)和空间计量-双重差... 碳排放权交易已在多个试点地区实施多年,利用建模分析方法,探讨碳排放权交易对地区工业碳锁定程度的影响。采集中国30个省区市2010-2016年面板数据,计算工业碳锁定系数,依此测算工业碳锁定程度,并运用双重差分法(DID)和空间计量-双重差分法(SDID)加以研究。研究结果表明,碳排放权交易能够有效减轻本地区工业碳锁定程度,且我国工业碳锁定存在明显的空间溢出效应,碳排放权交易在某一地区的实施,同样可减轻其相邻地区工业碳锁定程度。 展开更多
关键词 碳排放权交易 工业碳锁定 DID SDID
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Analysis of impact mechanism of the Yangtze River Delta integration upon county-level air pollution 认领 引用
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作者 Dan Li Rongrong Fang +4 位作者 Yuhang Liu Cheng Tang Sanmang Wu Yalin Lei Jiaman Li 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 CSCD 2026年第1期77-93,共17页
The Yangtze River Delta(YRD)is one of China’s most economically dense regions with the most dynamic county-level economies.The YRD’s success in addressing air pollution at the county level directly affects the ecolo... The Yangtze River Delta(YRD)is one of China’s most economically dense regions with the most dynamic county-level economies.The YRD’s success in addressing air pollution at the county level directly affects the ecological security of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.This study utilizes panel data of 151 counties in the YRD from 2003 to 2022.It regards the expansion of members of the YRD Urban Economic Coordination Council as a quasi-natural experiment.This study analyzes the influence of regional integration on county-level air pollution using the difference-in-differences approach,the synthetic difference-in-differences methodology,and spatial econometrics.Our findings indicate that:(1)regional integration can significantly reduce air pollution at the county level;(2)the environmental impact of regional integration is heterogeneous,influenced by regional differences,administrative constraints,and industrial foundations;and(3)regional integration reduces air pollution through advancing industrial structure and technological innovation,along with spatial spillover impacts.Therefore,policymakers should attach importance to air quality governance in counties,deepen regional integration strategies,optimize industrial structures,enhance technological innovation,and strengthen collaborative environmental governance to continuously promote regional sustainable development. 展开更多
关键词 Regional integration Expansion of the Yangtze River Delta County-level air pollution Difference-in-differences methodology Spatial econometrics
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长江经济带高铁开通对城市生态效率的影响——基于DID与SDID的实证分析 认领 引用 被引量：16
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作者 邓荣荣 张翱祥 陈鸣 《华东经济管理》 CSSCI 北大核心 2021年第5期1-11,共11页
文章对高铁开通影响生态效率的理论机制进行分析,认为高铁开通将形成一种跨越区域界限的影响,这一影响可分为本地效应和溢出效应。进一步基于2007—2018年长江经济带108个城市的面板数据,借助SBM-Undesirable模型测算出城市生态效率,利... 文章对高铁开通影响生态效率的理论机制进行分析,认为高铁开通将形成一种跨越区域界限的影响,这一影响可分为本地效应和溢出效应。进一步基于2007—2018年长江经济带108个城市的面板数据,借助SBM-Undesirable模型测算出城市生态效率,利用高铁开通作为一项准自然实验,运用双重差分模型、PSM-DID模型、空间双重差分模型以及一系列稳健性检验的方法评估了高铁开通对城市生态效率的本地效应和溢出效应。研究发现:高铁开通显著提高了节点城市的生态效率;中介机制分析表明,高铁建设主要通过产业结构升级效应和技术创新效应促进了节点城市生态效率的提升;空间双重差分结果表明,高铁开通不仅改善了节点城市的生态效率,而且显著促进了周边城市生态效率的提升。 展开更多
关键词 长江经济带 高铁开通 生态效率 双重差分模型 空间双重差分模型
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Can Smart City Policy Facilitate Green Technology Innovation?Microevidence from Chinese Listed Enterprises Based on Address-level Identification 认领 引用
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作者 LI Ben LI Sijia 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第7期1191-1209,共19页
Smart city initiatives constitute a pivotal strategy for advancing sustainable urban development,yet their effectiveness in fostering enterprise-level green technology innovation(EGTI)remains underexplored.By leveragi... Smart city initiatives constitute a pivotal strategy for advancing sustainable urban development,yet their effectiveness in fostering enterprise-level green technology innovation(EGTI)remains underexplored.By leveraging a refined identification strategy at the address level,this study evaluates the impact of China’s Smart City Pilot Policy(SCPP)using a staggered difference-in-differences(DID)approach applied to the panel data of Chinese listed firms from 2000 to 2019.This analysis provides robust causal evidence of the effectiveness of the SCPP in driving green innovation at the firm level.The main findings are as follows:1)the SCPP significantly increases both enterprise green patents(GPN)and green invention patents(GIN),exhibiting a lagged but progressively increasing pattern over time.A series of robustness tests confirms the validity of these findings across multiple model specifications.2)Innovation subsidies and regional technological diversification emerge as key policy-induced mechanisms,demonstrating the complementary roles of an‘effective government’and an‘efficient market’.3)The policy impact is notably stronger in the initial batch of pilot implications and is more pronounced at the county-level administrative units,displaying a regional gradient that diminishes from eastern to central and western regions,with minimal effectiveness observed in northeastern China.These findings provide conceptual insights and empirical support for the development of smart cities and green transition policies,particularly in the context of transitional economies seeking to align environmental goals with innovation-driven growth. 展开更多
关键词 Smart City Pilot Policy(SCPP) enterprise-level green technology innovation(EGTI) staggered difference-in-differences(DID) policy effect heterogeneity address-level identification China
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智能制造如何影响企业碳减排成本?——基于多时点DID的实证研究 认领 引用
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作者 朱妍妍 杨小辉 《科技和产业》 2026年第7期300-306,共7页
以2010—2023年智能制造试点企业为样本,运用交叠差分模型(SDID)分析智能制造对企业碳减排成本的影响。结果显示,智能制造显著降低了企业碳减排成本,且在获得外部支持的企业中作用更为突出。机制分析表明,其通过技术升级、资源优化与产... 以2010—2023年智能制造试点企业为样本,运用交叠差分模型(SDID)分析智能制造对企业碳减排成本的影响。结果显示,智能制造显著降低了企业碳减排成本,且在获得外部支持的企业中作用更为突出。机制分析表明,其通过技术升级、资源优化与产业结构升级实现碳减排成本控制。基于此,建议构建企业绿色创新协同机制,实施差异化财税激励与动态环境规制,助力实现碳减排成本控制的动态平衡。 展开更多
关键词 智能制造 碳减排成本 交叠双重差分(SDID)
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The Impact of Loose Monetary Policies in China and the United States on enterprise investment 认领 引用
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作者 Changping Lu Tao Liu Zhiwei Zhu 《Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies》 2026年第7期50-54,共5页
In response to the economic impact brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic,the two major countries,China and the United States,have respectively adopted relatively loose monetary policies.This paper mainly adopts the d... In response to the economic impact brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic,the two major countries,China and the United States,have respectively adopted relatively loose monetary policies.This paper mainly adopts the differindifferences model to evaluate the impact of loose monetary policies on the changes in the investment levels of enterprises in the two countries under the background of economic shocks.By comparing the impact of the loose monetary policies of China and the United States on the investment level of enterprises,the research shows that due to the differences in national conditions and policies between China and the United States,the loose monetary policy of the United States mainly affects the capital expenditure of large enterprises.China’s loose monetary policy has also significantly affected corporate investment,but its effects vary in terms of different enterprise scales,geographical locations and equity natures.Further analysis reveals that China’s loose monetary policy has been more effective in promoting investment by small and medium-sized enterprises,enterprises in the eastern region and state-owned enterprises.China’s loose monetary policy still needs to be further improved in the future to ensure the stable development of the national economy. 展开更多
关键词 Loose monetary policy Enterprise investment Difference-in-differences model
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A Study on the Impact of ESG Performance on Debt Financing Costs: Based on the Moderating Effect of Green Credit Policies 认领 引用
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作者 Ruijue Zhang 《Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies》 2026年第2期78-94,共17页
This study empirically examines the impact of corporate ESG performance on debt financing costs using a sample of non-financial listed companies on China’s A-share market from 2009 to 2024,with a particular focus on ... This study empirically examines the impact of corporate ESG performance on debt financing costs using a sample of non-financial listed companies on China’s A-share market from 2009 to 2024,with a particular focus on the moderating effect of the 2012 Green Credit Guidelines implementation.The findings reveal:(1)Strong ESG performance significantly reduces corporate debt financing costs,a conclusion that remains robust after a series of stability tests and addressing endogeneity issues.(2)Green credit policies mitigate the debt cost-saving effect of ESG performance.(3)Heterogeneity analysis indicates that this policy moderation effect is more pronounced among non-state-owned enterprises and companies in western China.This study not only provides direct financial incentive evidence for companies to actively pursue ESG strategies but also offers decision-making references for regulators to further refine green finance policy frameworks and implement differentiated guidance. 展开更多
关键词 ESG Debt financing costs Green credit policies Difference-in-differences method Moderation effects
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Practical operation and theoretical basis of difference-in-difference regression in science of science:The comparative trial on the scientific performance of Nobel laureates versus their coauthors 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Yurui Huang Chaolin Tian Yifang Ma 《Journal of Data and Information Science》 CSCD 2023年第1期29-46,共18页
Purpose:In recent decades,with the availability of large-scale scientific corpus datasets,difference-in-difference(DID)is increasingly used in the science of science and bibliometrics studies.DID method outputs the un... Purpose:In recent decades,with the availability of large-scale scientific corpus datasets,difference-in-difference(DID)is increasingly used in the science of science and bibliometrics studies.DID method outputs the unbiased estimation on condition that several hypotheses hold,especially the common trend assumption.In this paper,we gave a systematic demonstration of DID in the science of science,and the potential ways to improve the accuracy of DID method.Design/methodology/approach:At first,we reviewed the statistical assumptions,the model specification,and the application procedures of DID method.Second,to improve the necessary assumptions before conducting DID regression and the accuracy of estimation,we introduced some matching techniques serving as the pre-selecting step for DID design by matching control individuals who are equivalent to those treated ones on observational variables before the intervention.Lastly,we performed a case study to estimate the effects of prizewinning on the scientific performance of Nobel laureates,by comparing the yearly citation impact after the prizewinning year between Nobel laureates and their prizewinning-work coauthors.Findings:We introduced the procedures to conduct a DID estimation and demonstrated the effectiveness to use matching method to improve the results.As a case study,we found that there are no significant increases in citations for Nobel laureates compared to their prizewinning coauthors.Research limitations:This study ignored the rigorous mathematical deduction parts of DID,while focused on the practical parts.Practical implications:This work gives experimental practice and potential guidelines to use DID method in science of science and bibliometrics studies.Originality/value:This study gains insights into the usage of econometric tools in science of science. 展开更多
关键词 Science of Science Bibliometrics Difference-in-Difference CEM PSM Nobel Prize
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Impact of the hierarchical medical system on the perceived quality of primary care in China:a quasi-experimental study 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Yaxin Zhao Xiaohui Zhai +5 位作者 Zhongliang Zhou Zixuan Peng Chi Shen Xiaojing Fan Sha Lai Peter C.Coyte 《Global Health Research and Policy》 CSCD 2025年第1期669-679,共11页
Background Although the implementation of a hierarchical medical system(HMS)has been shown to improve the allocation of medical resources and patient health-seeking behaviour,its role in patient's perceived qualit... Background Although the implementation of a hierarchical medical system(HMS)has been shown to improve the allocation of medical resources and patient health-seeking behaviour,its role in patient's perceived quality of primary care remains unexplored.This study aimed to assess the impact of HMS implementation on rural and urban residents'perceived quality of primary care.Methods Data were obtained from the China Family Panel Study for 2012,2014,2016,and 2018.A total of 40,011 rural and 22,482 urban residents were included in the research participants for analysis.This study adopted a quasi-natural experimental design,and the multiple-period difference-in-differences method was used to capture changes in patient's perceived quality of primary care before and after the introduction of HMS.Results We found that HMS implementation declined the perceived quality of primary care by an average of 18%among rural residents(OR:0.82,95%CI 0.68-0.99),while there was no significant change among urban residents(OR:1.13,95%CI 0.87-1.46).There was a 24%reduction in the perceived quality of primary care(OR:0.76,95%CI 0.61-0.96)one year after HMS among rural residents,and there was no statistically significant difference two years after HMS.After HMS implementation,the level of perceived quality of primary care by rural patients with chronic diseases decreased by 72%(OR:0.28,95%CI 0.11-0.78).Conclusions HMS has a limited effect on improving residents'perceived quality of primary care,especially for those living in rural areas.Policymakers are suggested to establish a quality monitoring system that incorporates patient experience as an essential standard to systematically evaluate the impacts of the HMS,with more efforts being put into helping vulnerable groups such as residents under 60 years old and patients with chronic diseases. 展开更多
关键词 Primary care Patients'perceived quality Difference-in-differences Hierarchical medical system China
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国家生态文明试验区与生活方式绿色化 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 谢晗进 吴风权 《生态经济》 北大核心 2025年第2期212-221,共10页
为探讨国家生态文明试验区建设对于居民绿色生活方式的影响,将江西、福建、贵州三个省级试验区设定为处理组,基于26个省份的面板数据,运用合成双重差分模型(SDID)检验其对中国绿色生活方式的影响及机制。研究发现,生态文明试验区建设显... 为探讨国家生态文明试验区建设对于居民绿色生活方式的影响,将江西、福建、贵州三个省级试验区设定为处理组,基于26个省份的面板数据,运用合成双重差分模型(SDID)检验其对中国绿色生活方式的影响及机制。研究发现,生态文明试验区建设显著降低了居民生活碳排放强度,即有效改善了居民绿色生活方式,该结论在经过合成控制法(SCM)、更换衡量指标等一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立。机制分析表明,居民生活碳排放下降主要是由于绿色生产过程的优化而非加大了环境保护投入;同时绿色化出行也是使得居民生活碳排放下降的渠道之一,但绿色消费方面的证据则不足以说明其为试验区建设降低居民碳排放的机制之一。另外,环境规制在国家生态文明试验区建设对绿色生活方式的影响过程中起到替代性质的调节作用。 展开更多
关键词 国家生态文明试验区 绿色生活方式 合成双重差分(SDID)
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Pollution and carbon reduction effects of the pilot policy on clean winter heating in Northern China:Evidence from the county level 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yan Chen Jiaqi Li +1 位作者 Yue Zhang Fan Yang 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 CSCD 2025年第1期85-95,共11页
Coal dependence and inefficient decentralized heating have significantly increased China’s energy consumption for winter heating,increasing air pollution and exacerbating the greenhouse effect.In 2017,China implement... Coal dependence and inefficient decentralized heating have significantly increased China’s energy consumption for winter heating,increasing air pollution and exacerbating the greenhouse effect.In 2017,China implemented the Pilot Policy on Clean Winter Heating in Northern China,aiming to achieve high central heating coverage and cleaner energy consumption.Studying the effects of this policy can help promote its implementation and serve as a reference for effective adjustment of the contents in the future.However,few studies have investigated this policy and its carbon reduction effects,and most focus on the provincial or city levels.Therefore,this paper considers the policy’s influence on air pollution and carbon emissions at the county level to provide a precise and comprehensive assessment of the policy effects.We use panel data from 1290 counties in 15 provinces in Northern China from 2014 to 2021,applying a multiperiod difference-in-differences model to quantify the impact of the policy on carbon emissions and air quality in the pilot area.We then conduct a series of tests to demonstrate the robustness of the results and analyze the mechanisms of the policy effects from two perspectives,namely,central heating and natural gas use,through a mediating effect model.Finally,we examine the heterogeneity of policy effects between counties based on geographic location and per capita income levels of rural residents through a moderating effect model.The results reveal that the policy significantly reduces air pollution and carbon emissions in the pilot area by increasing the central heating area and natural gas use.Compared with the central and western regions in the north and areas with low-income rural residents,the policy effects in the eastern regions in the north and areas with high-income rural residents are more pronounced. 展开更多
关键词 Pilot policy on clean winter heating Pollution and carbon reduction Multiperiod difference-in-differences model County-level analysis Northern China
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