The over-tilting of Dirac cones has led to various fascinating quantum phenomena.In this study,we demonstrate that the distinct geometry of two-dimensional type-II Dirac cones dictates the emergence of anomalous acous...The over-tilting of Dirac cones has led to various fascinating quantum phenomena.In this study,we demonstrate that the distinct geometry of two-dimensional type-II Dirac cones dictates the emergence of anomalous acoustic plasmons(AAPs)that deviate from that of the conventionalГq plasmon.展开更多
The Nielsen-Ninomiya theorem enforces vanishing total topological charge,typically realized by pairwise nodes of the same type.Whether a minimal,odd-numbered heterogeneous configuration of chiral Weyl-Dirac fermions c...The Nielsen-Ninomiya theorem enforces vanishing total topological charge,typically realized by pairwise nodes of the same type.Whether a minimal,odd-numbered heterogeneous configuration of chiral Weyl-Dirac fermions can exist in crystalline systems remains elusive.Here,by an exhaustive symmetry analysis of all 230 space groups(SGs),we reveal that only 3(6)SGs without(with)spin-orbit coupling can host an isolated three-terminal Weyl-Dirac complex.Guided by this symmetry requirement,we predict a previously unre-ported 3D boron allotrope(ATBCN-B28)hosting exactly three unpaired topological nodes near the Fermi level:one=-2 Dirac point(DP)and two=+1 Weyl points(WPs).This zero-net-chirality complex manifests unique bulk-boundary correspondences,featuring extended and ultra-long“S”-shaped double Fermi arcs.Furthermore,a symmetry-breaking shear strain drives a topological phase transition,split-ting the DP to yield the absolute minimal configuration of exactly four conventional WPs allowable in non-magnetic systems.Our work circumvents the conventional even-node pairing paradigm,establishing a theoretical and material foundation for exploring minimal mixed-chirality topological fermions and their dynamic phase transitions.展开更多
Two-dimensional Dirac semi-metals have attracted extensive attention for their potential applications in nextgeneration electronics,optoelectronics and quantum technologies.However,numerous topological semimetals pred...Two-dimensional Dirac semi-metals have attracted extensive attention for their potential applications in nextgeneration electronics,optoelectronics and quantum technologies.However,numerous topological semimetals predicted by theory have not yet been experimentally confirmed.Here,we report the controlled synthesis of high-quality NiTe nanosheets via the chemical vapor deposition method.Theoretical analysis confirms the semi-metallic nature of centrosymmetric NiTe and elucidates that its unusual second harmonic generation response originates from the electron transitions between linear dispersed bands near Dirac cone.Furthermore,NiTe nanosheets exhibit an ultra-high conductivity exceeding 10~6 S m-1,rivaling noble metal-based Dirac semimetals.Dirac semi-metallic NiTe serves as a contact electrode for MoS2field-effect transistors,showing a remarkable apparent carrier mobility of 22.45 cm2V-1s-1,which is 6.43 times higher than that of the Au-MoS2device.These findings establish NiTe as an ideal platform for exploring topological quantum states and advancing high-performance electronic devices.展开更多
A physics-informed neural network(PINN)is built to solve the nucleonic Dirac equation.The PINN employs the residual of the Dirac equation as the objective function instead of the variation of the energy expectation va...A physics-informed neural network(PINN)is built to solve the nucleonic Dirac equation.The PINN employs the residual of the Dirac equation as the objective function instead of the variation of the energy expectation value,thereby avoiding the variational collapse problem.By integrating the automatic differentiation techniques,the PINN also overcomes the Fermion doubling problem.A constraint term in the loss function of the PINN is designed to avoid trivial solutions and an orthogonality constraint term is used to search for the excited states.The performance of the unsupervised PINN is evaluated by solving the orbitals below the Fermi surface of16O and208Pb in the Dirac Woods-Saxon(WS)potential.Compared to the results obtained by the traditional shooting method,obtained energies have relative errors on the order of 10-3and the root-meansquare errors of the corresponding wave functions are also on the order of 10-3.展开更多
Superconducting elect rides have attracted growing attention for their potential to achieve high superconducting transition temperatures(TC)under pressure.However,many known elect rides are chemically reactive and ...Superconducting elect rides have attracted growing attention for their potential to achieve high superconducting transition temperatures(TC)under pressure.However,many known elect rides are chemically reactive and unstable,making high-quality single-crystal growth,characterization,and measurements difficult,and most do not exhibit superconductivity at ambient pressure.In contrast,La3 In stands out for its ambient-pressure superconductivity(TC∼9.4 K)and the availability of high-quality single crystals.Here,we investigate its low-energy electronic structure using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations.The bands near the Fermi energy(EF)are mainly derived from La 5d and In 5p orbitals.A saddle point is directly observed at the Brillouin zone(BZ)boundary,while a three-dimensional Van Hove singularity crosses EF at the BZ corner.First-principles calculations further reveal topological Dirac surface states within the bulk energy gap above EF.The coexistence of a high density of states and in-gap topological surface states nearF suggests that La3In offers a promising platform for tuning superconductivity and exploring possible topological superconducting phases through doping or external pressure.展开更多
This study investigates the thermal and statistical properties of the Dirac oscillator within the framework of two prominent formulations of doubly special relativity(DSR):the Amelino-Camelia and Magueijo-Smolin model...This study investigates the thermal and statistical properties of the Dirac oscillator within the framework of two prominent formulations of doubly special relativity(DSR):the Amelino-Camelia and Magueijo-Smolin models.DSR extends Einstein's special relativity by introducing an additional invariant scale—the Planck energy—leading to modified energy-momentum relations that encode potential quantum-gravitational effects at ultra-high energies.In this context,we derive the modified Dirac equations for both DSR scenarios and analytically determine the corresponding energy spectra.These spectra are subsequently used to compute the partition function and key thermodynamic quantities,including specific heat,by employing the Euler-Maclaurin formula to facilitate an efficient approximation of the partition function.The analysis is restricted to the positive-energy sector,enabled by the exact Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation,which effectively decouples positive and negative energy states.The findings reveal that Planck-scale deformation parameters induce significant modifications in the energy spectrum and thermodynamic behavior of the Dirac oscillator in each DSR framework,thereby offering valuable insights into possible observable imprints of quantum gravitational phenomena in relativistic quantum systems.展开更多
A symmetrical one-dimensional(1D)photonic crystal structure with a Dirac-emimetal-defected layer is proposed.The material properties of the Dirac semimetal are governed by three key parameters:Fermi level,Fermi veloci...A symmetrical one-dimensional(1D)photonic crystal structure with a Dirac-emimetal-defected layer is proposed.The material properties of the Dirac semimetal are governed by three key parameters:Fermi level,Fermi velocity,and degeneracy factor.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed structure generates multiple photonic bandgaps within the THz frequency range.In the low-THz region,pronounced resonant transmission peaks emerge,enabling near-perfect filtering performance.The positions of these defect modes can be dynamically tuned by adjusting the Fermi level and degeneracy factor.In mid-and high-THz frequency bands,the Dirac semimetal begins to exhibit metallic behavior,leading to attenuation of the transmission peaks and the appearance of absorption.The elevation of the Fermi level delays the critical threshold for the transition from the dielectric state to the metallic state,while an increase in Fermi velocity suppresses metallic behavior.Therefore,enhancing both the Fermi level and Fermi velocity contributes to strengthening the defect peak intensity.Conversely,increasing the degeneracy factor strengthens the metallic characteristics,thereby disrupting the high-frequency photonic bandgap.Notably,the defect layer thickness and incident angle exert significant influence on the transmission behavior:a larger incident angle causes the defect peak to shift toward higher frequencies and reduces its intensity,whereas a thicker defect layer shifts the defect peak toward lower frequencies.The modulation effects of both parameters become more pronounced as frequency increases.Compared with conventional photonic crystals,our work can provide a tunable structure over transmission properties,offering novel strategies for designing tunable filters and optical sensors.展开更多
In this work,we investigate disordered Dirac fermions from the perspective of quantum entanglement,which provides a different angle compared to the ordinary perturbative renormalization group(RG)analysis.We consider D...In this work,we investigate disordered Dirac fermions from the perspective of quantum entanglement,which provides a different angle compared to the ordinary perturbative renormalization group(RG)analysis.We consider Dirac fermions subjected to random hopping and random flux,which respectively fall into the chiral Gaussian orthogonal ensemble(cGOE)and chiral Gaussian unitary ensemble(cGUE)universality classes.Existing studies based on perturbative calculations suggest that both types of randomness are marginal.Here,through numerical simulations of the corresponding lattice models,we find that these two different types of randomness exhibit distinct entanglement features,signaling completely different properties in contrast to the perturbative RG analysis.In particular,although the entropy area-law is generally held for both types of randomness,we identify that the subleading term of the entanglement entropy is enhanced by random flux but not by random hopping.This subleading term is known as the entropic F-function in the clean limit without disorder.Our observations indicate that disordered theories in cGOE and cGUE are essentially different,which recalls careful analysis on the RG calculations.展开更多
We uncover the virtual monopoles underlying the nontrivial phases of the one-dimensional nonlinear excitations of rogue waves by extending the Dirac magnetic monopole theory to a complex plane. We find that the densit...We uncover the virtual monopoles underlying the nontrivial phases of the one-dimensional nonlinear excitations of rogue waves by extending the Dirac magnetic monopole theory to a complex plane. We find that the density zeros of the nonlinear waves on the extended complex plane constitute the virtual monopole fields with a quantized flux of elementary π. We then explain the exotic properties of rogue waves by means of a virtual monopole collision mechanism and find that the maximum amplitude amplification ratio and multiple phase steps of the high-order rogue waves are closely related to the number of their contained monopoles. These results open a new avenue for studying topological properties of nonlinear waves and provide an alternative way to understand their dynamics.展开更多
We investigate the behavior of non-Hermitian birefringent Dirac fermions by examining their interaction with electromagnetic fields through renormalization group analysis. Our research reveals that the interplay betwe...We investigate the behavior of non-Hermitian birefringent Dirac fermions by examining their interaction with electromagnetic fields through renormalization group analysis. Our research reveals that the interplay between non-Hermiticity and birefringence leads to distinct behaviors in two and three dimensions, where the system exhibits different fixed points and scaling properties due to dimension-dependent charge renormalization effects. In two dimensions, where the electronic charge remains unrenormalized, the system flows in the deep infrared limit from non-Hermitian birefringent spin-3/2fermions to two copies of non-Hermitian spin-1/2 Dirac fermions, demonstrating a crossover of relativistic liquid and nonrelativistic liquid. In three dimensions, dynamic screening of electromagnetic interactions modifies the logarithmic growth of Fermi velocity, leading to richer quantum corrections while maintaining similar suppression of birefringence in the infrared limit. Our findings provide theoretical insights into the emergence of Lorentz symmetry in non-Hermitian systems,laying theoretical foundations for studying low-energy behavior in other non-Hermitian models.展开更多
Multiple functional metasurfaces with high information capacity have attracted considerable attention from researchers.This study proposes a 2-bit tunable spin-decoupled coded metasurface designed for the terahertz ba...Multiple functional metasurfaces with high information capacity have attracted considerable attention from researchers.This study proposes a 2-bit tunable spin-decoupled coded metasurface designed for the terahertz band,which utilizes the tunable properties of Dirac semimetals(DSM)to create a novel multilayer structure.By incorporating both geometric and propagating phases into the metasurface design,we can effectively control the electromagnetic wave.When the Fermi level(EF)of the DSM is set at 6 meV,the electromagnetic wave is manipulated by the gold patch embedded in the DSM film,operating at a frequency of 1.3 THz.When the EF of the DSM is set at 80 meV,the electromagnetic wave is manipulated by the DSM patch,operating at a frequency of 1.4 THz.Both modes enable independent control of beam splitting under left-rotating circularly polarized(LCP)and rightrotating circularly polarized(RCP)wave excitation,resulting in the generation of vortex beams with distinct orbital angular momentum(OAM)modes.The findings of this study hold significant potential for enhancing information capacity and polarization multiplexing techniques in wireless communications.展开更多
Solving the Dirac equation has played an important role in many areas of fundamental physics.In this work,we present the Dirac equation solver DiracSVT,which solves the Dirac equation with scalar,vector,and tensor nuc...Solving the Dirac equation has played an important role in many areas of fundamental physics.In this work,we present the Dirac equation solver DiracSVT,which solves the Dirac equation with scalar,vector,and tensor nuclear potentials in spherical coordinate space.The shooting method was used with a Runge–Kutta 4 integration scheme.The potentials are parameterized in a Woods–Saxon form,which reproduce well the known single-particle states around all doubly magic nuclei and can be applied to study the shell evolution of exotic nuclei.The code can be easily extended to the study of other systems,including atomic,hadron,and molecular physics.展开更多
The isospin splitting of the Dirac mass obtained using the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock(RBHF)theory was thor-oughly investigated.From the perspective in the full Dirac space,the long-standing controversy betwee...The isospin splitting of the Dirac mass obtained using the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock(RBHF)theory was thor-oughly investigated.From the perspective in the full Dirac space,the long-standing controversy between the momentum-independent approximation(MIA)method and the projection method on the isospin splitting of the Dirac mass in asymmetric nuclear matter was analyzed in detail.We found that the assumption procedure of the MIA method,which assumes that single-particle potentials are momentum independent,is not a sufficient condition that directly leads to the opposite sign of the isospin splitting of the Dirac mass,whereas the extraction procedure of the MIA method,which extracts single-particle potentials from single-particle potential energy,changes the sign.A formal expression of the Dirac mass was obtained by approximately solving a set of equations involved in the extraction procedure.The opposite isospin splitting of the Dirac mass was mainly caused by the extraction procedure,which forcibly assumed that the momentum dependence of the single-particle potential energy was in a quadratic form,in which the strength was solely determined by a constant scalar potential.Improved understanding of the isospin splitting of the Dirac mass from ab initio calculations could enhance our knowledge of neutron-rich systems,such as exotic nuclei and neutron stars.展开更多
In this paper,a tunable metamaterial absorber based on a Dirac semimetal is proposed.It consists of three different structures,from top to bottom,namely a double semicircular Dirac semimetal resonator,a silicon dioxid...In this paper,a tunable metamaterial absorber based on a Dirac semimetal is proposed.It consists of three different structures,from top to bottom,namely a double semicircular Dirac semimetal resonator,a silicon dioxide substrate and a continuous vanadium dioxide(VO2)reflector layer.When the Fermi energy level of the Dirac semimetal is 10 meV,the absorber absorbs more than 90%in the 39.06-84.76 THz range.Firstly,taking advantage of the tunability of the conductivity of the Dirac semimetal,dynamic tuning of the absorption frequency can be achieved by changing the Fermi energy level of the Dirac semimetal without the need to optimise the geometry and remanufacture the structure.Secondly,the structure has been improved by the addition of the phase change material VO2,resulting in a much higher absorption performance of the absorber.Since VO2is a temperature-sensitive metal oxide with an insulating phase below the phase transition temperature(about 68℃)and a metallic phase above the phase transition temperature,this paper also analyses the effect of VO2on the absorptive performance at different temperatures,with the aim of further improving absorber performance.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of the MOST of China(Grant Nos.2024YFA1611300 and 2020YFA0308800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11547200,12574059,and 12174394)+5 种基金HFIPS Director’s Fund(Grant No.BJPY2023B05)Anhui Provincial Major S&T Project(s202305a12020005)Basic Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Based on Major Scientific Infrastructures(Grant No.JZHKYPT-2021-08)High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province under Contract No.AHHM-FX-2020-02China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2019M650583)Research Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing Industry Technology of Sichuan Arts and Science University。
摘要The over-tilting of Dirac cones has led to various fascinating quantum phenomena.In this study,we demonstrate that the distinct geometry of two-dimensional type-II Dirac cones dictates the emergence of anomalous acoustic plasmons(AAPs)that deviate from that of the conventionalГq plasmon.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12304202)the Hebei Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.A2023203007)+1 种基金the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(Grant No.BJK2024085)the Cultivation Project for Basic Research and Innovation of Yanshan University(Grant No.2022LGZD001).
摘要The Nielsen-Ninomiya theorem enforces vanishing total topological charge,typically realized by pairwise nodes of the same type.Whether a minimal,odd-numbered heterogeneous configuration of chiral Weyl-Dirac fermions can exist in crystalline systems remains elusive.Here,by an exhaustive symmetry analysis of all 230 space groups(SGs),we reveal that only 3(6)SGs without(with)spin-orbit coupling can host an isolated three-terminal Weyl-Dirac complex.Guided by this symmetry requirement,we predict a previously unre-ported 3D boron allotrope(ATBCN-B28)hosting exactly three unpaired topological nodes near the Fermi level:one=-2 Dirac point(DP)and two=+1 Weyl points(WPs).This zero-net-chirality complex manifests unique bulk-boundary correspondences,featuring extended and ultra-long“S”-shaped double Fermi arcs.Furthermore,a symmetry-breaking shear strain drives a topological phase transition,split-ting the DP to yield the absolute minimal configuration of exactly four conventional WPs allowable in non-magnetic systems.Our work circumvents the conventional even-node pairing paradigm,establishing a theoretical and material foundation for exploring minimal mixed-chirality topological fermions and their dynamic phase transitions.
基金granted by the National Key R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2022YFA1203801)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52221001)Open Research Fund of Suzhou Laboratory(No.SZLAB-1508-2024TS013)。
摘要Two-dimensional Dirac semi-metals have attracted extensive attention for their potential applications in nextgeneration electronics,optoelectronics and quantum technologies.However,numerous topological semimetals predicted by theory have not yet been experimentally confirmed.Here,we report the controlled synthesis of high-quality NiTe nanosheets via the chemical vapor deposition method.Theoretical analysis confirms the semi-metallic nature of centrosymmetric NiTe and elucidates that its unusual second harmonic generation response originates from the electron transitions between linear dispersed bands near Dirac cone.Furthermore,NiTe nanosheets exhibit an ultra-high conductivity exceeding 10~6 S m-1,rivaling noble metal-based Dirac semimetals.Dirac semi-metallic NiTe serves as a contact electrode for MoS2field-effect transistors,showing a remarkable apparent carrier mobility of 22.45 cm2V-1s-1,which is 6.43 times higher than that of the Au-MoS2device.These findings establish NiTe as an ideal platform for exploring topological quantum states and advancing high-performance electronic devices.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2024YFE0109803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.12435006,12481540215,12475117,and 12141501)+2 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology,Peking University(Grant No.NPT2023ZX03)the National Key Laboratory of Neutron Science and Technology(Grant No.NST202401016)the High-performance Computing Platform of Peking University。
摘要A physics-informed neural network(PINN)is built to solve the nucleonic Dirac equation.The PINN employs the residual of the Dirac equation as the objective function instead of the variation of the energy expectation value,thereby avoiding the variational collapse problem.By integrating the automatic differentiation techniques,the PINN also overcomes the Fermion doubling problem.A constraint term in the loss function of the PINN is designed to avoid trivial solutions and an orthogonality constraint term is used to search for the excited states.The performance of the unsupervised PINN is evaluated by solving the orbitals below the Fermi surface of16O and208Pb in the Dirac Woods-Saxon(WS)potential.Compared to the results obtained by the traditional shooting method,obtained energies have relative errors on the order of 10-3and the root-meansquare errors of the corresponding wave functions are also on the order of 10-3.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12222413,12174443,12274459,and 12404266)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2023YFA1406500,2022YFA1403800,and 2022YFA1403103)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (Grant No.23ZR1482200)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo (Grant No.2024J019)the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department (Grant No.BJ2025060)the funding of Ningbo Yongjiang Talent Program。
摘要Superconducting elect rides have attracted growing attention for their potential to achieve high superconducting transition temperatures(TC)under pressure.However,many known elect rides are chemically reactive and unstable,making high-quality single-crystal growth,characterization,and measurements difficult,and most do not exhibit superconductivity at ambient pressure.In contrast,La3 In stands out for its ambient-pressure superconductivity(TC∼9.4 K)and the availability of high-quality single crystals.Here,we investigate its low-energy electronic structure using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations.The bands near the Fermi energy(EF)are mainly derived from La 5d and In 5p orbitals.A saddle point is directly observed at the Brillouin zone(BZ)boundary,while a three-dimensional Van Hove singularity crosses EF at the BZ corner.First-principles calculations further reveal topological Dirac surface states within the bulk energy gap above EF.The coexistence of a high density of states and in-gap topological surface states nearF suggests that La3In offers a promising platform for tuning superconductivity and exploring possible topological superconducting phases through doping or external pressure.
基金funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan,Program No.BR24992759。
摘要This study investigates the thermal and statistical properties of the Dirac oscillator within the framework of two prominent formulations of doubly special relativity(DSR):the Amelino-Camelia and Magueijo-Smolin models.DSR extends Einstein's special relativity by introducing an additional invariant scale—the Planck energy—leading to modified energy-momentum relations that encode potential quantum-gravitational effects at ultra-high energies.In this context,we derive the modified Dirac equations for both DSR scenarios and analytically determine the corresponding energy spectra.These spectra are subsequently used to compute the partition function and key thermodynamic quantities,including specific heat,by employing the Euler-Maclaurin formula to facilitate an efficient approximation of the partition function.The analysis is restricted to the positive-energy sector,enabled by the exact Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation,which effectively decouples positive and negative energy states.The findings reveal that Planck-scale deformation parameters induce significant modifications in the energy spectrum and thermodynamic behavior of the Dirac oscillator in each DSR framework,thereby offering valuable insights into possible observable imprints of quantum gravitational phenomena in relativistic quantum systems.
摘要A symmetrical one-dimensional(1D)photonic crystal structure with a Dirac-emimetal-defected layer is proposed.The material properties of the Dirac semimetal are governed by three key parameters:Fermi level,Fermi velocity,and degeneracy factor.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed structure generates multiple photonic bandgaps within the THz frequency range.In the low-THz region,pronounced resonant transmission peaks emerge,enabling near-perfect filtering performance.The positions of these defect modes can be dynamically tuned by adjusting the Fermi level and degeneracy factor.In mid-and high-THz frequency bands,the Dirac semimetal begins to exhibit metallic behavior,leading to attenuation of the transmission peaks and the appearance of absorption.The elevation of the Fermi level delays the critical threshold for the transition from the dielectric state to the metallic state,while an increase in Fermi velocity suppresses metallic behavior.Therefore,enhancing both the Fermi level and Fermi velocity contributes to strengthening the defect peak intensity.Conversely,increasing the degeneracy factor strengthens the metallic characteristics,thereby disrupting the high-frequency photonic bandgap.Notably,the defect layer thickness and incident angle exert significant influence on the transmission behavior:a larger incident angle causes the defect peak to shift toward higher frequencies and reduces its intensity,whereas a thicker defect layer shifts the defect peak toward lower frequencies.The modulation effects of both parameters become more pronounced as frequency increases.Compared with conventional photonic crystals,our work can provide a tunable structure over transmission properties,offering novel strategies for designing tunable filters and optical sensors.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2022YFA1402204)the National Natural Science Foundation[Grant Nos.22373095(QL),52471020(WC),and 12474144(WZ)]+2 种基金the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology[Grant No.2021ZD0303306(QL)]the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[Grant No.JZ2025HGQA0310(WC)]the Science Research Foundation for High-Level Talents of Anhui University of Science and Technology[Grant No.YJ20240002(WL)].
摘要In this work,we investigate disordered Dirac fermions from the perspective of quantum entanglement,which provides a different angle compared to the ordinary perturbative renormalization group(RG)analysis.We consider Dirac fermions subjected to random hopping and random flux,which respectively fall into the chiral Gaussian orthogonal ensemble(cGOE)and chiral Gaussian unitary ensemble(cGUE)universality classes.Existing studies based on perturbative calculations suggest that both types of randomness are marginal.Here,through numerical simulations of the corresponding lattice models,we find that these two different types of randomness exhibit distinct entanglement features,signaling completely different properties in contrast to the perturbative RG analysis.In particular,although the entropy area-law is generally held for both types of randomness,we identify that the subleading term of the entanglement entropy is enhanced by random flux but not by random hopping.This subleading term is known as the entropic F-function in the clean limit without disorder.Our observations indicate that disordered theories in cGOE and cGUE are essentially different,which recalls careful analysis on the RG calculations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12375005,12022513,and12235007)the National Safety Academic Fund(Grant No.U2330401)。
摘要We uncover the virtual monopoles underlying the nontrivial phases of the one-dimensional nonlinear excitations of rogue waves by extending the Dirac magnetic monopole theory to a complex plane. We find that the density zeros of the nonlinear waves on the extended complex plane constitute the virtual monopole fields with a quantized flux of elementary π. We then explain the exotic properties of rogue waves by means of a virtual monopole collision mechanism and find that the maximum amplitude amplification ratio and multiple phase steps of the high-order rogue waves are closely related to the number of their contained monopoles. These results open a new avenue for studying topological properties of nonlinear waves and provide an alternative way to understand their dynamics.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grants Nos. 2021YFA1400900,2021YFA0718300, and 2021YFA1400243)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61835013,12174461, and 12234012)the Fund from the Space Application System of China Manned Space Program。
摘要We investigate the behavior of non-Hermitian birefringent Dirac fermions by examining their interaction with electromagnetic fields through renormalization group analysis. Our research reveals that the interplay between non-Hermiticity and birefringence leads to distinct behaviors in two and three dimensions, where the system exhibits different fixed points and scaling properties due to dimension-dependent charge renormalization effects. In two dimensions, where the electronic charge remains unrenormalized, the system flows in the deep infrared limit from non-Hermitian birefringent spin-3/2fermions to two copies of non-Hermitian spin-1/2 Dirac fermions, demonstrating a crossover of relativistic liquid and nonrelativistic liquid. In three dimensions, dynamic screening of electromagnetic interactions modifies the logarithmic growth of Fermi velocity, leading to richer quantum corrections while maintaining similar suppression of birefringence in the infrared limit. Our findings provide theoretical insights into the emergence of Lorentz symmetry in non-Hermitian systems,laying theoretical foundations for studying low-energy behavior in other non-Hermitian models.
摘要Multiple functional metasurfaces with high information capacity have attracted considerable attention from researchers.This study proposes a 2-bit tunable spin-decoupled coded metasurface designed for the terahertz band,which utilizes the tunable properties of Dirac semimetals(DSM)to create a novel multilayer structure.By incorporating both geometric and propagating phases into the metasurface design,we can effectively control the electromagnetic wave.When the Fermi level(EF)of the DSM is set at 6 meV,the electromagnetic wave is manipulated by the gold patch embedded in the DSM film,operating at a frequency of 1.3 THz.When the EF of the DSM is set at 80 meV,the electromagnetic wave is manipulated by the DSM patch,operating at a frequency of 1.4 THz.Both modes enable independent control of beam splitting under left-rotating circularly polarized(LCP)and rightrotating circularly polarized(RCP)wave excitation,resulting in the generation of vortex beams with distinct orbital angular momentum(OAM)modes.The findings of this study hold significant potential for enhancing information capacity and polarization multiplexing techniques in wireless communications.
摘要Solving the Dirac equation has played an important role in many areas of fundamental physics.In this work,we present the Dirac equation solver DiracSVT,which solves the Dirac equation with scalar,vector,and tensor nuclear potentials in spherical coordinate space.The shooting method was used with a Runge–Kutta 4 integration scheme.The potentials are parameterized in a Woods–Saxon form,which reproduce well the known single-particle states around all doubly magic nuclei and can be applied to study the shell evolution of exotic nuclei.The code can be easily extended to the study of other systems,including atomic,hadron,and molecular physics.
基金supported in part by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under grant No.2021M700610the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.12205030)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2024CDJXY022)the Institute for Basic Science(No.IBS-R031-D1).
摘要The isospin splitting of the Dirac mass obtained using the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock(RBHF)theory was thor-oughly investigated.From the perspective in the full Dirac space,the long-standing controversy between the momentum-independent approximation(MIA)method and the projection method on the isospin splitting of the Dirac mass in asymmetric nuclear matter was analyzed in detail.We found that the assumption procedure of the MIA method,which assumes that single-particle potentials are momentum independent,is not a sufficient condition that directly leads to the opposite sign of the isospin splitting of the Dirac mass,whereas the extraction procedure of the MIA method,which extracts single-particle potentials from single-particle potential energy,changes the sign.A formal expression of the Dirac mass was obtained by approximately solving a set of equations involved in the extraction procedure.The opposite isospin splitting of the Dirac mass was mainly caused by the extraction procedure,which forcibly assumed that the momentum dependence of the single-particle potential energy was in a quadratic form,in which the strength was solely determined by a constant scalar potential.Improved understanding of the isospin splitting of the Dirac mass from ab initio calculations could enhance our knowledge of neutron-rich systems,such as exotic nuclei and neutron stars.
摘要In this paper,a tunable metamaterial absorber based on a Dirac semimetal is proposed.It consists of three different structures,from top to bottom,namely a double semicircular Dirac semimetal resonator,a silicon dioxide substrate and a continuous vanadium dioxide(VO2)reflector layer.When the Fermi energy level of the Dirac semimetal is 10 meV,the absorber absorbs more than 90%in the 39.06-84.76 THz range.Firstly,taking advantage of the tunability of the conductivity of the Dirac semimetal,dynamic tuning of the absorption frequency can be achieved by changing the Fermi energy level of the Dirac semimetal without the need to optimise the geometry and remanufacture the structure.Secondly,the structure has been improved by the addition of the phase change material VO2,resulting in a much higher absorption performance of the absorber.Since VO2is a temperature-sensitive metal oxide with an insulating phase below the phase transition temperature(about 68℃)and a metallic phase above the phase transition temperature,this paper also analyses the effect of VO2on the absorptive performance at different temperatures,with the aim of further improving absorber performance.