The modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) typed equations can be used to describe certain nonlinear phenomena in fluids, plasmas, and optics. In this paper, the discretized mKdV lattice equation is investigated. With th...The modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) typed equations can be used to describe certain nonlinear phenomena in fluids, plasmas, and optics. In this paper, the discretized mKdV lattice equation is investigated. With the aid of symbolic computation, the discrete matrix spectral problem for that system is constructed. Darboux transformation for that system is established based on the resulting spectral problem. Explicit solutions are derived via the Darboux transformation. Structures of those solutions are shown graphically, which might be helpful to understand some physical processes in fluids, plasmas, and optics.展开更多
In order to achieve the complex dynamic analysis of the self-propelled seafloor pilot miner moving on the seafloor of extremely cohesive soft soil and further to make it possible to integrate the miner system with som...In order to achieve the complex dynamic analysis of the self-propelled seafloor pilot miner moving on the seafloor of extremely cohesive soft soil and further to make it possible to integrate the miner system with some subsystems to form the complete integrated deep ocean mining pilot system and perform dynamic analysis, a new method for the dynamic modeling and analysis of the miner is proposed and developed in this paper, resulting in a simplified 3D single-body vehicle model with three translational and three rotational degrees of freedom, while the track-terrain interaction model is built by partitioning the track-terrain interface into discrete elements with parameterized force dements built on the theory of terramechanics acting on each discrete dement. To evaluate and verify the correctness and effectiveness of this new modeling and analysis method, typical comparative studies with regard to computational efficiency and solution accuracy are carried out between the traditional modeling method of building the tracked vehicle as a multi-body model and the new modeling method. In full consideration of the particMar structure design of the pilot miner, the special characteristics of the seafioor soil and the hydrodynamic force of near-seafloor currnt, the dynamic simulation analysis of the miner is performed and discussed, which can provide useful guidance and reference for the practical miner system in design and operation. This new method can not only realize the rapid dynamic simulation analysis of the miner but also make possible the integration and rapid dynamic analysis of the complete integrated deep ocean mining pilot system in further researches.展开更多
This paper focuses on the robust stability for time-delay systems of neutral type. A new complete Lyapunov-Krasovskii function (LKF) is developed. Based on this function and discretization, stability conditions in ter...This paper focuses on the robust stability for time-delay systems of neutral type. A new complete Lyapunov-Krasovskii function (LKF) is developed. Based on this function and discretization, stability conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities are obtained. A class of time-varying uncertainty of system matrices can be studied by the method.展开更多
The rock fragmentation involves the inter-block and the intra-block fracture.A simulation method for rock fragmentation is developed by coupling Voronoi diagram(VD)and discretized virtual internal bond(DVIB).The DVIB ...The rock fragmentation involves the inter-block and the intra-block fracture.A simulation method for rock fragmentation is developed by coupling Voronoi diagram(VD)and discretized virtual internal bond(DVIB).The DVIB is a lattice model that consists of bonds.The VD is used to generate the potential block structure in the DVIB mesh.Each potential block may contain any number of bond cells.To characterize the inter-block fracture,a hyperelastic bond potential is employed for the bond cells that are cut by the VD edges.While to characterize the intra-block fracture,an elastobrittle bond potential is adopted for the bonds in a block.By this method,both the inter-block and intra-block fracture can be well simulated.The simulation results suggest that this method is a simple and efficient approach to rock fragmentation simulation with block smash.展开更多
For nonlinear stability problems of discretized conservative systems with multiple parameter variables and multiple state variables, the activation method is put forward, by which activated potential functions and act...For nonlinear stability problems of discretized conservative systems with multiple parameter variables and multiple state variables, the activation method is put forward, by which activated potential functions and activated equilibrium equations are derived. The activation method is the improvement and enhancement of Liapunov-Schmidt method in elastic stability theory. It is more generalized and more normalized than conventional perturbation methods. The activated potential functions may be transformed into normalized catastrophe potential functions. The activated equilibrium equations may be treated as bifurcation equations. The researches in this paper will motivate the combination of elastic stability theory with catastrophe theory and bifurcation theory展开更多
Discrete software reliability measurement has a proper characteristic for describing a software reliability growth process which depends on a unit of the software fault-detection period, such as the number of test run...Discrete software reliability measurement has a proper characteristic for describing a software reliability growth process which depends on a unit of the software fault-detection period, such as the number of test runs, the number of executed test cases. This paper discusses discrete software reliability measurement based on a discretized nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) model. Especially, we use a bootstrapping method in our discrete software reliability measurement for discussing the statistical inference on parameters and software reliability assessment measures of our model. Finally we show numerical examples of interval estimations based on our bootstrapping method for the several software reliability assessment measures by using actual data.展开更多
The complex structure and strong heterogeneity of advanced nuclear reactor systems pose challenges for high-fidelity neutron-shielding calculations. Unstructured meshes exhibit strong geometric adaptability and can ov...The complex structure and strong heterogeneity of advanced nuclear reactor systems pose challenges for high-fidelity neutron-shielding calculations. Unstructured meshes exhibit strong geometric adaptability and can overcome the deficiencies of conventionally structured meshes in complex geometry modeling. A multithreaded parallel upwind sweep algorithm for SN transport was proposed to achieve a more accurate geometric description and improve the computational efficiency. The spatial variables were discretized using the standard discontinuous Galerkin finite-element method. The angular flux transmission between neighboring meshes was handled using an upwind scheme. In addition, a combination of a mesh transport sweep and angular iterations was realized using a multithreaded parallel technique. The algorithm was implemented in the 2D/3D SN transport code ThorSNIPE, and numerical evaluations were conducted using three typical benchmark problems:IAEA, Kobayashi-3i, and VENUS-3. These numerical results indicate that the multithreaded parallel upwind sweep algorithm can achieve high computational efficiency. ThorSNIPE, with a multithreaded parallel upwind sweep algorithm, has good reliability, stability, and high efficiency, making it suitable for complex shielding calculations.展开更多
In this letter, we study discretized mKdV lattice equation by using a new generalized ansatz. As a result,many explicit rational exact solutions, including some new solitary wave solutions, are obtained by symbolic co...In this letter, we study discretized mKdV lattice equation by using a new generalized ansatz. As a result,many explicit rational exact solutions, including some new solitary wave solutions, are obtained by symbolic computation code Maple.展开更多
In this paper, a discretized SIR model with pulse vaccination and time delay is proposed. We introduce two thresholds R* and R*, and further prove that the disease-free periodic solution is globally attractive if R* i...In this paper, a discretized SIR model with pulse vaccination and time delay is proposed. We introduce two thresholds R* and R*, and further prove that the disease-free periodic solution is globally attractive if R* is less than unit and the disease can invade if R* is larger than unit. The numerical simulations not only illustrate the validity of our main results, but also exhibit bifurcation phenomenon. Our result shows that decreasing infection rate can put off the disease outbreak and reduce the number of infected individuals.展开更多
As clean energy technologies advance,the engineering challenges caused by rapid thermal fluctuations are expected to become more complex.This study investigates the damage behavior of granite subjected to rapid heatin...As clean energy technologies advance,the engineering challenges caused by rapid thermal fluctuations are expected to become more complex.This study investigates the damage behavior of granite subjected to rapid heating and cooling,focusing on the underlying damage evolution processes.A range of experimental and computational methods,including nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),synchronous thermal analyzer(STA),and discrete element method(DEM),were used.The results show that as temperature increases,material density,P-wave velocity,and dynamic elastic modulus decline exponentially,while the damage index and linear thermal expansion coefficient increase.Thermal damage primarily results from dehydration,thermal expansion,decarbonation,plasticization,phase changes,cracking,and decomposition.Thermal shock decreases the contribution of micropores to total porosity,while macropores grow above 200℃.The study also improves the Schlumberger-Doll-Research(SDR)and Timur-Coates models,enhancing the accuracy of permeability predictions under different cooling conditions.High temperatures slightly reduce the fractal dimension of the pore structure,which negatively correlates with permeability.As temperature rises,pore coalescence and crack propagation increase,significantly altering permeability.DEM simulations show that cracks are mainly influenced by tensile stresses and thermal expansion and contraction stresses.Higher heating temperatures cause more extensive cracks,while crack contributions decrease during cooling at 600℃.Thermal damage creates additional energy release paths,increasing local thermal resistance and hindering heat transfer.Finally,thermal cycling results in a more directional crack distribution and a notable decrease in contact angles at 600℃,indicating microstructure rearrangement.展开更多
Bedding structures significantly influence rock mass deformation and failure,challenging engineering stability.This study aimed to investigate the fracture mechanisms of layered rock masses by examining the effects of...Bedding structures significantly influence rock mass deformation and failure,challenging engineering stability.This study aimed to investigate the fracture mechanisms of layered rock masses by examining the effects of bedding and prefabricated fissure inclination angles on the mechanical behavior of layered Brazilian disc specimens.Layered rock-like Brazilian disc specimens were prepared by combining sand 3 D printing technology with cement slurry as a bonding agent,enabling precise control of bedding features.Uniaxial compression tests,with a loading rate of 0.3 mm/min,coupled with digital image correlation(DIC)technology,were conducted to capture load−displacement curves and crack propagation processes,with two schemes designed to explore varying prefabricated fissure inclination angles(α)and bedding inclination angles(β).Additionally,the discrete element method(DEM)using particle flow code(PFC)with parallel bond(PB)and smooth-joint(SJ)models was employed for numerical simulation,with mesoscopic parameters calibrated against experimental data.The results showed that both α and β significantly affected crack propagation and failure modes:Increasing α led to a gradual increase in peak strength,with cracks initiating from fissure tips and propagating toward loading points;Increasing β caused the failure mode to transition from vertical splitting to bedding-controlled fracture,with peak strength first decreasing,and then increasing.PFC simulations effectively reproduced experimental load−displacement curves and crack morphologies,confirming numerical reliability.This study demonstrates that sand 3 D printing with cement bonding is viable for fabricating layered rock-like specimens,and the combined experimental and numerical results provide insights into layered rock fracture mechanisms,offering references for understanding bedding and prefabricated fissure influences on rock mechanical behavior.展开更多
The dynamic evolution of fracture permeability presents a critical scientific challenge in rock masses.Understanding the mechanisms of rock mass permeability evolution is vital for engineering project design and opera...The dynamic evolution of fracture permeability presents a critical scientific challenge in rock masses.Understanding the mechanisms of rock mass permeability evolution is vital for engineering project design and operations.By integrating the discrete element method(DEM)with the finite element method(FEM),a numerical simulation framework for shear seepage in rough fractured shale has been developed to investigate the dynamic mechanisms of permeability evolution under varying confining pressures and during the shearing process.Numerical simulations were conducted on rough fractured samples under effective confining pressures ranging from 5 MPa to 20 MPa to monitor the aperture and permeability evolution of the fracture.The results of the numerical simulation are consistent with the experimental observations,indicating that both the shearing process and confining pressure significantly influence permeability.Moreover,the magnitude of the confining pressure is a crucial factor influencing the trend in permeability changes.Under a confining pressure of 5 MPa,fracture permeability initially increases significantly but decreases post-shearing.In contrast,a continuous decrease in fracture permeability is observed when the confining pressure exceeds 10 MPa.The results of the shear numerical simulation indicate that the confining pressure restricts fracture dilation during shearing,promotes the generation of rock debris,and decreases both the permeability and transmissivity of the fracture.The wear results obtained from numerical simulations are consistent with the experimental patterns and correlate with the joint roughness coefficient(JRC).This study proposed an effective numerical simulation method to reveal the evolution mechanism of fracture flow capacity,taking into account the wear of the fracture surface in shear simulations and the initial stress state of the rock in seepage simulations.This research explains the permeability evolution mechanism of fractured shale from a microscopic perspective,and the proposed numerical simulation method for shear seepage provides a powerful means to uncover the dynamic evolution mechanisms governing fracture permeability.展开更多
This paper presents an Euler discretized inertial delayed neuron model, and its bifurcation dynamical behaviors are discussed. By using the associated characteristic model, center manifold theorem and the normal form ...This paper presents an Euler discretized inertial delayed neuron model, and its bifurcation dynamical behaviors are discussed. By using the associated characteristic model, center manifold theorem and the normal form method, it is shown that the model not only undergoes codimension one(flip, Neimark-Sacker) bifurcation, but also undergoes cusp and resonance bifurcation(1:1 and 1:2) of codimension two. Further, it is found that the parity of delay has some effect on bifurcation behaviors. Finally, some numerical simulations are given to support the analytic results and explore complex dynamics, such as periodic orbits near homoclinic orbits, quasiperiodic orbits, and chaotic orbits.展开更多
We present a systematic study of 6Li elastic scattering and total reaction cross sections at incident energies around the Coulomb barrier within the continuum discretized coupled-channels(CDCC)framework,where 6Li is t...We present a systematic study of 6Li elastic scattering and total reaction cross sections at incident energies around the Coulomb barrier within the continuum discretized coupled-channels(CDCC)framework,where 6Li is treated in anα+d two-body model.Collisions with 27Al,64Zn,138Ba,and 208Pa are analyzed.The microscopic optical potentials(MOP)based on Skyrme nucleon-nucleon interaction forαand d are adopted in CDCC calculations and satisfactory agreement with the experimental data is obtained without any adjustment on MOPs.For comparison,αand d global phenomenological optical potentials(GOP)are also used in CDCC analysis and a reduction of no less than 50%on the surface imaginary part of deuteron GOP is required for describing the data.In all cases,the 6Li breakup effect is significant and provides repulsive correction to the folding model potential.The reduction on the surface imaginary part of GOP of deuteron reveals a strong suppression of the reaction probability of deuteron as a component of 6Li when compared with that of a free deuteron.Further investigation is performed by considering the d breakup process equivalently within the dynamic polarization potential approach,and the results show that d behaves in a manner similar to a tightly bound nucleus in 6Li induced reactions.展开更多
This study investigates the dynamics of discrete memristive FitzHugh–Nagumo(FHN)neural networks.We introduce a discrete memristor with hyperbolic tangent nonlinearity and incorporate it into neuron models ranging fro...This study investigates the dynamics of discrete memristive FitzHugh–Nagumo(FHN)neural networks.We introduce a discrete memristor with hyperbolic tangent nonlinearity and incorporate it into neuron models ranging from single neurons and coupled pairs to complex networks with ring and small-world topologies.Stability and bifurcation analyses reveal transitions from periodic to chaotic dynamics.A key contribution is the identification of a constant fixed point that remains invariant across periodic,weakly chaotic,and chaotic regimes.Linear stability analysis of this fixed point provides a fundamental basis for understanding the system's dynamical evolution.The fixed point theory explains how memristive coupling induces diverse synchronization patterns,including stable phase-locking and synchronization–desynchronization transitions,and further accounts for the emergence of chimera states in ring networks as well as their alteration in smallworld networks owing to long-range connections.Field-programmable gate array(FPGA)implementation successfully validates the mathematical models,confirming the feasibility of hardware realization.Overall,this work establishes a theoretical framework linking fixed point properties with firing mechanisms and synchronization dynamics in discrete memristive FHN neural networks,providing insights into potential applications in neuromorphic computing.展开更多
As the key equipment connecting the feeding belt to the top of blast furnace,the structure of the hoppers directly affects the burden distribution in blast furnace throat.Therefore,it is of great significance to explo...As the key equipment connecting the feeding belt to the top of blast furnace,the structure of the hoppers directly affects the burden distribution in blast furnace throat.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the suitable structure of the hoppers to optimize the burden and gas distribution of the blast furnace and improve the gas utilization rate.A three-dimensional model of a 1:1 bell-less top blast furnace with serial-type hoppers was established based on the discrete element method,which simulates the entire movement process of the burden from the belt to each hopper and then to the throat.The effects of internal components,such as the distributor,guiding cone,and buffer platform,on particle size segregation in the upper hopper,the weighing hopper,and the throat of the blast furnace were investigated.The results indicate that removing the distributor can reduce the burden segregation during the discharge from the weighing hopper.The guiding cone significantly influences the radial particle size distribution within the weighing hopper and its discharge.Eliminating the buffer platform promotes a more uniform burden distribution both in the weighing hopper and the throat of the blast furnace.Among the conditions investigated,removing the distributor and the buffer platform yields the best distribution,with the segregation index improved by 92%compared to the base model,which is recommended for practical operations.展开更多
The stability of overlying rock strata is jointly controlled by the advancement rate of coal mining face and rock properties.However,the crossscale mechanical behavior and energy evolution mechanism of two-layered roc...The stability of overlying rock strata is jointly controlled by the advancement rate of coal mining face and rock properties.However,the crossscale mechanical behavior and energy evolution mechanism of two-layered rock under different loading rates remain unclear,and the mesoscopic fracture characteristics and crack evolution law of three-layered rock are yet to be fully elucidated.To address these gaps,uniaxial compression tests were conducted on three types of two-layered rock(siltstone-fine sandstone,siltstone-sandy mudstone,fine sandstone-sandy mudstone) under five loading rates(0.05,0.08,0.10,0.15,0.20 mm/min).Acoustic emission and digital image correlation were coupled with the energy conservation principle to systematically investigate the mechanical properties,failure modes and energy conversion characteristics of the two-layered rock.Furthermore,based on the calibrated meso-parameters of two-layered rock,particle flow code numerical simulations were performed to explore the meso-mechanical properties,crack evolution and failure modes of three-layered rock(siltstone,fine sandstone,sandy mudstone) under typical loading rates(0.05 and 0.20 mm/min).The results showed that the mechanical evolution of twolayered rock could be divided into four typical stages,with synchronized responses from AE and DIC,i.e.,compaction stage(Stage Ⅰ-characterized by loading contact and pore closure),linear elastic stage(Stage Ⅱ-marked by discrete microcrack initiation and elastic energy storage),yield stage(Stage Ⅲ-dominated by extensive crack initiation,propagation,coalescence,partial rock spalling,and dissipative energy release),and residual stage(Stage Ⅳ-governed by post-failure joint surface friction).Specifically,the siltstone-fine sandstone exhibited a particular dual-peak phenomenon.Regarding energy evolution,elastic deformation dominated before reaching peak strength,manifesting as elastic strain energy storage.Post-peak,the rock component with lower compressive strength rapidly degraded,transferring energy to the adjacent component and inducing crack propagation,coalescence,and instability.The micro-crack evolution exhibited four stages,i.e.,initialization,slow propagation,rapid propagation,and stabilization,corresponding to the mechanical behavior of the threelayered rock.Moreover,sandy mudstone was used as an intermediate layer(FSM/MSF),the number of cracks increased by 40%-75%.This study provides a theoretical basis for the stability control of overlying rock strata in mining engineering.展开更多
The Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)instability occurs when a perturbed interface between two fluids undergoes impulsive acceleration due to a shock wave.In this paper,a numerical investigation of the RM instability during the r...The Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)instability occurs when a perturbed interface between two fluids undergoes impulsive acceleration due to a shock wave.In this paper,a numerical investigation of the RM instability during the reshock process is conducted using the two-component discrete Boltzmann method.The influence of reflection distance on the RM instability,including both hydrodynamic and thermodynamic non-equilibrium effects,is explored in detail.The interaction time between the reflected shock wave and the material interface varies with different reflection distances.Larger reflection distances lead to a longer evolution time of the material interface before reshock,resulting in more complex effects on the interface deformation,the mixing extent of the fluid system,and non-equilibrium behaviors after reshock.Additionally,while the reflection distance has a minimal impact on mixing entropy before the secondary impact,a significant difference emerges after the secondary impact.This suggests that the secondary impact enhances the evolution of the RM instability.Furthermore,non-equilibrium behaviors or quantities exhibit complex dynamics due to the influence of the transmitted shock wave,transverse waves,rarefaction waves,material interfaces,and dissipation/diffusion processes.展开更多
In this paper,a novel method for investigating the particle-crushing behavior of breeding particles in a fusion blanket is proposed.The fractal theory and Weibull distribution are combined to establish a theoretical m...In this paper,a novel method for investigating the particle-crushing behavior of breeding particles in a fusion blanket is proposed.The fractal theory and Weibull distribution are combined to establish a theoretical model,and its validity was verified using a simple impact test.A crushable discrete element method(DEM)framework is built based on the previously established theoretical model.The tensile strength,which considers the fractal theory,size effect,and Weibull variation,was assigned to each generated particle.The assigned strength is then used for crush detection by comparing it with its maximum tensile stress.Mass conservation is ensured by inserting a series of sub-particles whose total mass was equal to the quality loss.Based on the crushable DEM framework,a numerical simulation of the crushing behavior of a pebble bed with hollow cylindrical geometry under a uniaxial compression test was performed.The results of this investigation showed that the particle withstands the external load by contact and sliding at the beginning of the compression process,and the results confirmed that crushing can be considered an important method of resisting the increasing external load.A relatively regular particle arrangement aids in resisting the load and reduces the occurrence of particle crushing.However,a limit exists to the promotion of resistance.When the strain increases beyond this limit,the distribution of the crushing position tends to be isotropic over the entire pebble bed.The theoretical model and crushable DEM framework provide a new method for exploring the pebble bed in a fusion reactor,considering particle crushing.展开更多
Manufacturing large-scale mechanical metamaterials(MMs) is extremely challenging owing to the limitations of machining technology and equipment.This study proposes a family of discretely assembled MMs to address this ...Manufacturing large-scale mechanical metamaterials(MMs) is extremely challenging owing to the limitations of machining technology and equipment.This study proposes a family of discretely assembled MMs to address this issue.In this work,six types of MM unit cells are divided into several face blocks,which can be mass-produced by traditional low-cost manufacturing processes.The discrete face blocks are then assembled using connectors and fasteners to form a unit cell.These assembled unit cells can be further discretely assembled for modular constructions and reconfigurable MM structure systems.The results show that the discretely assembled MMs exhibit excellent mechanical properties such as high stiffness,compression resistance,and auxetic and chiral behaviors.In addition,two typical application scenarios and an example show that the discrete assembly strategy provides accessibility for the heterogeneous and multi-material assemblies of MMs.The discrete assembly strategy,benefiting from the incremental assembly feature,is proven to be a low-cost and highly repeatable forming process.It provides scalability and functionality that are not achievable with traditional manufacturing techniques.Combined with advanced design methods and automated assembly processes,discretely assembled MMs will be significant in future intelligent structures,soft robotics,and aerospace.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60772023by the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment under Grant No. BUAA-SKLSDE-09KF-04+2 种基金Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) under Grant No. 2005CB321901the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education under Grant Nos. 20060006024 and 200800130006Chinese Ministry of Education, and Scientific Research Common Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education under Grant No. KM201010772020
摘要The modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) typed equations can be used to describe certain nonlinear phenomena in fluids, plasmas, and optics. In this paper, the discretized mKdV lattice equation is investigated. With the aid of symbolic computation, the discrete matrix spectral problem for that system is constructed. Darboux transformation for that system is established based on the resulting spectral problem. Explicit solutions are derived via the Darboux transformation. Structures of those solutions are shown graphically, which might be helpful to understand some physical processes in fluids, plasmas, and optics.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program, Grant No.2006AA09Z240)the National Deep-Sea Technology Project of Development and Re-search(Grant No.DYXM-115-04-02-01)
摘要In order to achieve the complex dynamic analysis of the self-propelled seafloor pilot miner moving on the seafloor of extremely cohesive soft soil and further to make it possible to integrate the miner system with some subsystems to form the complete integrated deep ocean mining pilot system and perform dynamic analysis, a new method for the dynamic modeling and analysis of the miner is proposed and developed in this paper, resulting in a simplified 3D single-body vehicle model with three translational and three rotational degrees of freedom, while the track-terrain interaction model is built by partitioning the track-terrain interface into discrete elements with parameterized force dements built on the theory of terramechanics acting on each discrete dement. To evaluate and verify the correctness and effectiveness of this new modeling and analysis method, typical comparative studies with regard to computational efficiency and solution accuracy are carried out between the traditional modeling method of building the tracked vehicle as a multi-body model and the new modeling method. In full consideration of the particMar structure design of the pilot miner, the special characteristics of the seafioor soil and the hydrodynamic force of near-seafloor currnt, the dynamic simulation analysis of the miner is performed and discussed, which can provide useful guidance and reference for the practical miner system in design and operation. This new method can not only realize the rapid dynamic simulation analysis of the miner but also make possible the integration and rapid dynamic analysis of the complete integrated deep ocean mining pilot system in further researches.
基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863) of China(No. 2006AA05Z148)
摘要This paper focuses on the robust stability for time-delay systems of neutral type. A new complete Lyapunov-Krasovskii function (LKF) is developed. Based on this function and discretization, stability conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities are obtained. A class of time-varying uncertainty of system matrices can be studied by the method.
基金the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China(Grant 11772190),which is gratefully acknowledged.
摘要The rock fragmentation involves the inter-block and the intra-block fracture.A simulation method for rock fragmentation is developed by coupling Voronoi diagram(VD)and discretized virtual internal bond(DVIB).The DVIB is a lattice model that consists of bonds.The VD is used to generate the potential block structure in the DVIB mesh.Each potential block may contain any number of bond cells.To characterize the inter-block fracture,a hyperelastic bond potential is employed for the bond cells that are cut by the VD edges.While to characterize the intra-block fracture,an elastobrittle bond potential is adopted for the bonds in a block.By this method,both the inter-block and intra-block fracture can be well simulated.The simulation results suggest that this method is a simple and efficient approach to rock fragmentation simulation with block smash.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation and of the Ministry of Construction of China
摘要For nonlinear stability problems of discretized conservative systems with multiple parameter variables and multiple state variables, the activation method is put forward, by which activated potential functions and activated equilibrium equations are derived. The activation method is the improvement and enhancement of Liapunov-Schmidt method in elastic stability theory. It is more generalized and more normalized than conventional perturbation methods. The activated potential functions may be transformed into normalized catastrophe potential functions. The activated equilibrium equations may be treated as bifurcation equations. The researches in this paper will motivate the combination of elastic stability theory with catastrophe theory and bifurcation theory
摘要Discrete software reliability measurement has a proper characteristic for describing a software reliability growth process which depends on a unit of the software fault-detection period, such as the number of test runs, the number of executed test cases. This paper discusses discrete software reliability measurement based on a discretized nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) model. Especially, we use a bootstrapping method in our discrete software reliability measurement for discussing the statistical inference on parameters and software reliability assessment measures of our model. Finally we show numerical examples of interval estimations based on our bootstrapping method for the several software reliability assessment measures by using actual data.
摘要The complex structure and strong heterogeneity of advanced nuclear reactor systems pose challenges for high-fidelity neutron-shielding calculations. Unstructured meshes exhibit strong geometric adaptability and can overcome the deficiencies of conventionally structured meshes in complex geometry modeling. A multithreaded parallel upwind sweep algorithm for SN transport was proposed to achieve a more accurate geometric description and improve the computational efficiency. The spatial variables were discretized using the standard discontinuous Galerkin finite-element method. The angular flux transmission between neighboring meshes was handled using an upwind scheme. In addition, a combination of a mesh transport sweep and angular iterations was realized using a multithreaded parallel technique. The algorithm was implemented in the 2D/3D SN transport code ThorSNIPE, and numerical evaluations were conducted using three typical benchmark problems:IAEA, Kobayashi-3i, and VENUS-3. These numerical results indicate that the multithreaded parallel upwind sweep algorithm can achieve high computational efficiency. ThorSNIPE, with a multithreaded parallel upwind sweep algorithm, has good reliability, stability, and high efficiency, making it suitable for complex shielding calculations.
基金the National Key Basic Research Project of China under
摘要In this letter, we study discretized mKdV lattice equation by using a new generalized ansatz. As a result,many explicit rational exact solutions, including some new solitary wave solutions, are obtained by symbolic computation code Maple.
摘要In this paper, a discretized SIR model with pulse vaccination and time delay is proposed. We introduce two thresholds R* and R*, and further prove that the disease-free periodic solution is globally attractive if R* is less than unit and the disease can invade if R* is larger than unit. The numerical simulations not only illustrate the validity of our main results, but also exhibit bifurcation phenomenon. Our result shows that decreasing infection rate can put off the disease outbreak and reduce the number of infected individuals.
基金Project(2024yjrc109)supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for High-level Talents of Anhui University of Science and Technology,ChinaProject(2024ZD1003804)supported by the Major National Science and Technology Project for Deep Earth,China+2 种基金Project(202206370109)supported by the China Scholarship CouncilProjects(52504074,52574099,52304164,52274070)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2023JJ40746)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China。
摘要As clean energy technologies advance,the engineering challenges caused by rapid thermal fluctuations are expected to become more complex.This study investigates the damage behavior of granite subjected to rapid heating and cooling,focusing on the underlying damage evolution processes.A range of experimental and computational methods,including nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),synchronous thermal analyzer(STA),and discrete element method(DEM),were used.The results show that as temperature increases,material density,P-wave velocity,and dynamic elastic modulus decline exponentially,while the damage index and linear thermal expansion coefficient increase.Thermal damage primarily results from dehydration,thermal expansion,decarbonation,plasticization,phase changes,cracking,and decomposition.Thermal shock decreases the contribution of micropores to total porosity,while macropores grow above 200℃.The study also improves the Schlumberger-Doll-Research(SDR)and Timur-Coates models,enhancing the accuracy of permeability predictions under different cooling conditions.High temperatures slightly reduce the fractal dimension of the pore structure,which negatively correlates with permeability.As temperature rises,pore coalescence and crack propagation increase,significantly altering permeability.DEM simulations show that cracks are mainly influenced by tensile stresses and thermal expansion and contraction stresses.Higher heating temperatures cause more extensive cracks,while crack contributions decrease during cooling at 600℃.Thermal damage creates additional energy release paths,increasing local thermal resistance and hindering heat transfer.Finally,thermal cycling results in a more directional crack distribution and a notable decrease in contact angles at 600℃,indicating microstructure rearrangement.
基金Project(EMF2025010)supported by the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials of Ministry of Water Resources,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchProjects(2025T180860,2025M783180,2024M760736)supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation+3 种基金Project(2025ZB625)supported by the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent,ChinaProjects(52409162,52409155)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(23YF1416100)supported by the Shanghai Sailing Program,ChinaProject(BK20241522)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China。
摘要Bedding structures significantly influence rock mass deformation and failure,challenging engineering stability.This study aimed to investigate the fracture mechanisms of layered rock masses by examining the effects of bedding and prefabricated fissure inclination angles on the mechanical behavior of layered Brazilian disc specimens.Layered rock-like Brazilian disc specimens were prepared by combining sand 3 D printing technology with cement slurry as a bonding agent,enabling precise control of bedding features.Uniaxial compression tests,with a loading rate of 0.3 mm/min,coupled with digital image correlation(DIC)technology,were conducted to capture load−displacement curves and crack propagation processes,with two schemes designed to explore varying prefabricated fissure inclination angles(α)and bedding inclination angles(β).Additionally,the discrete element method(DEM)using particle flow code(PFC)with parallel bond(PB)and smooth-joint(SJ)models was employed for numerical simulation,with mesoscopic parameters calibrated against experimental data.The results showed that both α and β significantly affected crack propagation and failure modes:Increasing α led to a gradual increase in peak strength,with cracks initiating from fissure tips and propagating toward loading points;Increasing β caused the failure mode to transition from vertical splitting to bedding-controlled fracture,with peak strength first decreasing,and then increasing.PFC simulations effectively reproduced experimental load−displacement curves and crack morphologies,confirming numerical reliability.This study demonstrates that sand 3 D printing with cement bonding is viable for fabricating layered rock-like specimens,and the combined experimental and numerical results provide insights into layered rock fracture mechanisms,offering references for understanding bedding and prefabricated fissure influences on rock mechanical behavior.
基金funded by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U23A20671)the Major Project of Inner Mongolia Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0034)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engi-neering(Grant No.Z021003).
摘要The dynamic evolution of fracture permeability presents a critical scientific challenge in rock masses.Understanding the mechanisms of rock mass permeability evolution is vital for engineering project design and operations.By integrating the discrete element method(DEM)with the finite element method(FEM),a numerical simulation framework for shear seepage in rough fractured shale has been developed to investigate the dynamic mechanisms of permeability evolution under varying confining pressures and during the shearing process.Numerical simulations were conducted on rough fractured samples under effective confining pressures ranging from 5 MPa to 20 MPa to monitor the aperture and permeability evolution of the fracture.The results of the numerical simulation are consistent with the experimental observations,indicating that both the shearing process and confining pressure significantly influence permeability.Moreover,the magnitude of the confining pressure is a crucial factor influencing the trend in permeability changes.Under a confining pressure of 5 MPa,fracture permeability initially increases significantly but decreases post-shearing.In contrast,a continuous decrease in fracture permeability is observed when the confining pressure exceeds 10 MPa.The results of the shear numerical simulation indicate that the confining pressure restricts fracture dilation during shearing,promotes the generation of rock debris,and decreases both the permeability and transmissivity of the fracture.The wear results obtained from numerical simulations are consistent with the experimental patterns and correlate with the joint roughness coefficient(JRC).This study proposed an effective numerical simulation method to reveal the evolution mechanism of fracture flow capacity,taking into account the wear of the fracture surface in shear simulations and the initial stress state of the rock in seepage simulations.This research explains the permeability evolution mechanism of fractured shale from a microscopic perspective,and the proposed numerical simulation method for shear seepage provides a powerful means to uncover the dynamic evolution mechanisms governing fracture permeability.
基金supported by the National Priorities Research Program through the Qatar National Research Funda member of Qatar Foundation(Grant No.NPRP 4-1162-1-181)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.6140331361374078&61375102)the Natural Science Foundation Project of Chongqing CSTC(Grant No.cstc2014jcyj A40014)
摘要This paper presents an Euler discretized inertial delayed neuron model, and its bifurcation dynamical behaviors are discussed. By using the associated characteristic model, center manifold theorem and the normal form method, it is shown that the model not only undergoes codimension one(flip, Neimark-Sacker) bifurcation, but also undergoes cusp and resonance bifurcation(1:1 and 1:2) of codimension two. Further, it is found that the parity of delay has some effect on bifurcation behaviors. Finally, some numerical simulations are given to support the analytic results and explore complex dynamics, such as periodic orbits near homoclinic orbits, quasiperiodic orbits, and chaotic orbits.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2067205)。
摘要We present a systematic study of 6Li elastic scattering and total reaction cross sections at incident energies around the Coulomb barrier within the continuum discretized coupled-channels(CDCC)framework,where 6Li is treated in anα+d two-body model.Collisions with 27Al,64Zn,138Ba,and 208Pa are analyzed.The microscopic optical potentials(MOP)based on Skyrme nucleon-nucleon interaction forαand d are adopted in CDCC calculations and satisfactory agreement with the experimental data is obtained without any adjustment on MOPs.For comparison,αand d global phenomenological optical potentials(GOP)are also used in CDCC analysis and a reduction of no less than 50%on the surface imaginary part of deuteron GOP is required for describing the data.In all cases,the 6Li breakup effect is significant and provides repulsive correction to the folding model potential.The reduction on the surface imaginary part of GOP of deuteron reveals a strong suppression of the reaction probability of deuteron as a component of 6Li when compared with that of a free deuteron.Further investigation is performed by considering the d breakup process equivalently within the dynamic polarization potential approach,and the results show that d behaves in a manner similar to a tightly bound nucleus in 6Li induced reactions.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62501516,61901530,62071496,62061008)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2020JJ5767)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2025JJ50391)。
摘要This study investigates the dynamics of discrete memristive FitzHugh–Nagumo(FHN)neural networks.We introduce a discrete memristor with hyperbolic tangent nonlinearity and incorporate it into neuron models ranging from single neurons and coupled pairs to complex networks with ring and small-world topologies.Stability and bifurcation analyses reveal transitions from periodic to chaotic dynamics.A key contribution is the identification of a constant fixed point that remains invariant across periodic,weakly chaotic,and chaotic regimes.Linear stability analysis of this fixed point provides a fundamental basis for understanding the system's dynamical evolution.The fixed point theory explains how memristive coupling induces diverse synchronization patterns,including stable phase-locking and synchronization–desynchronization transitions,and further accounts for the emergence of chimera states in ring networks as well as their alteration in smallworld networks owing to long-range connections.Field-programmable gate array(FPGA)implementation successfully validates the mathematical models,confirming the feasibility of hardware realization.Overall,this work establishes a theoretical framework linking fixed point properties with firing mechanisms and synchronization dynamics in discrete memristive FHN neural networks,providing insights into potential applications in neuromorphic computing.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(FRF-KST-25-002)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFC2902401)Interdisciplinary Research Project for Young Teachers of USTB(Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities)(FRF-IDRY-24-017).
摘要As the key equipment connecting the feeding belt to the top of blast furnace,the structure of the hoppers directly affects the burden distribution in blast furnace throat.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the suitable structure of the hoppers to optimize the burden and gas distribution of the blast furnace and improve the gas utilization rate.A three-dimensional model of a 1:1 bell-less top blast furnace with serial-type hoppers was established based on the discrete element method,which simulates the entire movement process of the burden from the belt to each hopper and then to the throat.The effects of internal components,such as the distributor,guiding cone,and buffer platform,on particle size segregation in the upper hopper,the weighing hopper,and the throat of the blast furnace were investigated.The results indicate that removing the distributor can reduce the burden segregation during the discharge from the weighing hopper.The guiding cone significantly influences the radial particle size distribution within the weighing hopper and its discharge.Eliminating the buffer platform promotes a more uniform burden distribution both in the weighing hopper and the throat of the blast furnace.Among the conditions investigated,removing the distributor and the buffer platform yields the best distribution,with the segregation index improved by 92%compared to the base model,which is recommended for practical operations.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFC3009001)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52204240)+1 种基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52574272)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2025JC-YBMS-369).
摘要The stability of overlying rock strata is jointly controlled by the advancement rate of coal mining face and rock properties.However,the crossscale mechanical behavior and energy evolution mechanism of two-layered rock under different loading rates remain unclear,and the mesoscopic fracture characteristics and crack evolution law of three-layered rock are yet to be fully elucidated.To address these gaps,uniaxial compression tests were conducted on three types of two-layered rock(siltstone-fine sandstone,siltstone-sandy mudstone,fine sandstone-sandy mudstone) under five loading rates(0.05,0.08,0.10,0.15,0.20 mm/min).Acoustic emission and digital image correlation were coupled with the energy conservation principle to systematically investigate the mechanical properties,failure modes and energy conversion characteristics of the two-layered rock.Furthermore,based on the calibrated meso-parameters of two-layered rock,particle flow code numerical simulations were performed to explore the meso-mechanical properties,crack evolution and failure modes of three-layered rock(siltstone,fine sandstone,sandy mudstone) under typical loading rates(0.05 and 0.20 mm/min).The results showed that the mechanical evolution of twolayered rock could be divided into four typical stages,with synchronized responses from AE and DIC,i.e.,compaction stage(Stage Ⅰ-characterized by loading contact and pore closure),linear elastic stage(Stage Ⅱ-marked by discrete microcrack initiation and elastic energy storage),yield stage(Stage Ⅲ-dominated by extensive crack initiation,propagation,coalescence,partial rock spalling,and dissipative energy release),and residual stage(Stage Ⅳ-governed by post-failure joint surface friction).Specifically,the siltstone-fine sandstone exhibited a particular dual-peak phenomenon.Regarding energy evolution,elastic deformation dominated before reaching peak strength,manifesting as elastic strain energy storage.Post-peak,the rock component with lower compressive strength rapidly degraded,transferring energy to the adjacent component and inducing crack propagation,coalescence,and instability.The micro-crack evolution exhibited four stages,i.e.,initialization,slow propagation,rapid propagation,and stabilization,corresponding to the mechanical behavior of the threelayered rock.Moreover,sandy mudstone was used as an intermediate layer(FSM/MSF),the number of cracks increased by 40%-75%.This study provides a theoretical basis for the stability control of overlying rock strata in mining engineering.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2242214,12572341,and 12172061)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2024A1515010927)+6 种基金Humanities and Social Science Foundation of the Ministry of Education in China(Grant No.24YJCZH163)Fujian Provincial Units Special Funds for Education and Research(Grant No.K3-949)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-sen University(Grant No.24qnpy044)Hebei Outstanding Youth Science Foundation(Grant No.A2023409003)Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Hebei Province(Grant No.226Z7601G)supported by the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and Applications(Fujian Normal University),Ministry of Education,P.R.China(Grant No.JAM2405)the Foundation of National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics(Grant No.JCKYS2023212003).
摘要The Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)instability occurs when a perturbed interface between two fluids undergoes impulsive acceleration due to a shock wave.In this paper,a numerical investigation of the RM instability during the reshock process is conducted using the two-component discrete Boltzmann method.The influence of reflection distance on the RM instability,including both hydrodynamic and thermodynamic non-equilibrium effects,is explored in detail.The interaction time between the reflected shock wave and the material interface varies with different reflection distances.Larger reflection distances lead to a longer evolution time of the material interface before reshock,resulting in more complex effects on the interface deformation,the mixing extent of the fluid system,and non-equilibrium behaviors after reshock.Additionally,while the reflection distance has a minimal impact on mixing entropy before the secondary impact,a significant difference emerges after the secondary impact.This suggests that the secondary impact enhances the evolution of the RM instability.Furthermore,non-equilibrium behaviors or quantities exhibit complex dynamics due to the influence of the transmitted shock wave,transverse waves,rarefaction waves,material interfaces,and dissipation/diffusion processes.
基金supported by Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2408085QA030)Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Educational Committee,China(2022AH050825)+3 种基金Medical Special Cultivation Project of Anhui University of Science and Technology(YZ2023H2C008)the Excellent Research and Innovation Team of Anhui Province,China(2022AH010052)the Scientific Research Foundation for High-level Talents of Anhui University of Science and Technology,China(2021yjrc51)Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center,CAS,China(2019HSC-CIP006).
摘要In this paper,a novel method for investigating the particle-crushing behavior of breeding particles in a fusion blanket is proposed.The fractal theory and Weibull distribution are combined to establish a theoretical model,and its validity was verified using a simple impact test.A crushable discrete element method(DEM)framework is built based on the previously established theoretical model.The tensile strength,which considers the fractal theory,size effect,and Weibull variation,was assigned to each generated particle.The assigned strength is then used for crush detection by comparing it with its maximum tensile stress.Mass conservation is ensured by inserting a series of sub-particles whose total mass was equal to the quality loss.Based on the crushable DEM framework,a numerical simulation of the crushing behavior of a pebble bed with hollow cylindrical geometry under a uniaxial compression test was performed.The results of this investigation showed that the particle withstands the external load by contact and sliding at the beginning of the compression process,and the results confirmed that crushing can be considered an important method of resisting the increasing external load.A relatively regular particle arrangement aids in resisting the load and reduces the occurrence of particle crushing.However,a limit exists to the promotion of resistance.When the strain increases beyond this limit,the distribution of the crushing position tends to be isotropic over the entire pebble bed.The theoretical model and crushable DEM framework provide a new method for exploring the pebble bed in a fusion reactor,considering particle crushing.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.52075195,52475267)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology (Grant No.IMETKF2023016)。
摘要Manufacturing large-scale mechanical metamaterials(MMs) is extremely challenging owing to the limitations of machining technology and equipment.This study proposes a family of discretely assembled MMs to address this issue.In this work,six types of MM unit cells are divided into several face blocks,which can be mass-produced by traditional low-cost manufacturing processes.The discrete face blocks are then assembled using connectors and fasteners to form a unit cell.These assembled unit cells can be further discretely assembled for modular constructions and reconfigurable MM structure systems.The results show that the discretely assembled MMs exhibit excellent mechanical properties such as high stiffness,compression resistance,and auxetic and chiral behaviors.In addition,two typical application scenarios and an example show that the discrete assembly strategy provides accessibility for the heterogeneous and multi-material assemblies of MMs.The discrete assembly strategy,benefiting from the incremental assembly feature,is proven to be a low-cost and highly repeatable forming process.It provides scalability and functionality that are not achievable with traditional manufacturing techniques.Combined with advanced design methods and automated assembly processes,discretely assembled MMs will be significant in future intelligent structures,soft robotics,and aerospace.