Regarding the Chan Buddhism lamp records from the Song Dynasty and starting from Jing De Zhuan Deng Lu,the category of“enlightened masters in Chan Buddhism”禪門達者was listed separately,meaning a separate category w...Regarding the Chan Buddhism lamp records from the Song Dynasty and starting from Jing De Zhuan Deng Lu,the category of“enlightened masters in Chan Buddhism”禪門達者was listed separately,meaning a separate category was established for eccentric monks who pretended to be crazy,had unknown inheritance and miraculous deeds,and were difficult to classify.The following lamp records named this category of eccentric monks as“sages”散聖,or“saints”應化聖賢,which constructed another historical genealogy for the special Chan Buddhism eccentric monks.Moreover,the early lamp records included mostly idiosyncratic mad monks from previous dynasties.Since the Southern Song Dynasty,Chan Buddhism historical materials included many sages from the current dynasty.Therefore,this study mainly examines how the genealogy of Chan Buddhism eccentric monks was constructed in Song Dynasty Chan Buddhism lamp records,including quotations,and organizes the images of eccentric monks in the Song Dynasty,as written in Chan Buddhism historical materials,in order that the meaning of existence of these enlightened masters,sages,saints,etc.,included in the genealogy of Song Dynasty eccentric monks in the history of Chan Buddhism can be reflected.展开更多
This article explains the execution and delivery progression phases of the project lifecycle.It is the third phase of the project lifecycle that leads to the final realization of the project's goals.However,this e...This article explains the execution and delivery progression phases of the project lifecycle.It is the third phase of the project lifecycle that leads to the final realization of the project's goals.However,this essay will describe the understanding of the‘enlightened planning’approach during the execution and delivery strategy progress of a project’s lifecycle.The features and details in the Enlightened Planning and PMI PMBOK Guide are compared.The author explored the nature and role of basic frameworks such as the project lifecycle,the process phase structure,and key project definition questions—the seven Ws(Who,Why,What,Which way,Wherewithal,When,Where).Combining Enlightened Planning and PMI PMBOK Guide,the differences between the two approaches are given.In addition,the author elaborated the advantages and disadvantages of the two approaches in current practice.展开更多
In his final lectures,Michel Foucault highlighted Diderot’s Rameau’s Nephew as pivotal in the history of the transmission and metamorphosis of Cynicism(Foucault 2012,191).This article investigates and repudiates Fou...In his final lectures,Michel Foucault highlighted Diderot’s Rameau’s Nephew as pivotal in the history of the transmission and metamorphosis of Cynicism(Foucault 2012,191).This article investigates and repudiates Foucault’s conception of the evolution of ancient Cynicism in Diderot’s Rameau’s Nephew during the Enlightenment,focusing on parrhêsia,free speech,or outspokenness.It examines how Diogenes of Sinope’s ethos of truth-telling deviates from its original sense and degenerates into mockery among the Enlightenment cynics in the shift of discourse from the agora to the public spheres like the Caféde Régence.Rameau’s nephew epitomizes modern cynicism,embodying various facets such as satire,misanthropy,and a disdain for societal norms.He challenges sacred values such as truth and truthfulness with sarcasm or indifference in the public sphere of the Enlightenment.Though aspiring to practice parrhêsia,the nephew’s speech deconstructs morality,while his actions seem puppet-like.He oscillates between animality and a“second nature”shaped by rationality.Modern cynics,such as the nephew,contend that all public opinions that dictates decisions are often driven by self-interest.They lack autonomy,resorting to farce or sarcasm when thwarted.In essence,the modern cynicism in the Enlightenment shows great discrepancies from the parrhêsiastic classical Cynicism and leads to a complex interplay of freedom of speech,societal critique,and individualism.Modern cynicism,born from the Enlightenment’s failures,embodies an“enlightened false consciousness.”It culminates in a modern cynical worldview shaped by societal disillusionment and the failure of the Enlightenment ideals.展开更多
In Tibetan Buddhism,tulkus,also referred to as“living Buddhas,”believed to be the reincarnations of esteemed former spiritual masters,are among the most revered and cherished religious leaders.Prominent tulkus inclu...In Tibetan Buddhism,tulkus,also referred to as“living Buddhas,”believed to be the reincarnations of esteemed former spiritual masters,are among the most revered and cherished religious leaders.Prominent tulkus include Dalai Lamas,Panchen Lamas,Karmapas and Khyentses,all of whom hold significant influence within the tradition.The different titles reflect the periods in history they were installed and different sects of Tibetan Buddhism.Since the tulku system was established in the 13th century,these spiritual figures have been venerated as sacred beings.展开更多
During the War of Resistance,Northwest poetry,influenced by the May Fourth New Literature tradition,exhibited a distinct spirit of“enlightenment”and“struggle”.Poets inherited the realist tradition,using poetry as ...During the War of Resistance,Northwest poetry,influenced by the May Fourth New Literature tradition,exhibited a distinct spirit of“enlightenment”and“struggle”.Poets inherited the realist tradition,using poetry as a weapon to expose the atrocities of the enemy and puppet forces,awaken public consciousness,and call for national salvation.At the same time,they made significant progress in the direction of“nationalization and popularization”,creating poems that were sincerely emotional and uplifting in style,reflecting both the lives and struggles of borderland people and the belief in the inevitable victory of the war of resistance and the revolutionary ideals of the proletariat.Northwest poetry,in its specific historical context,fulfilled the practical functions of serving the war through literature and educating the people,provided valuable experience for the popularization of new poetry,and established the unique poetic charm of Northwest poetry,demonstrating its sense of responsibility to the era.展开更多
A fairly precise vision of a healthy physical self can serve as motivation for undertaking the means to that end.The same cannot be said with regard to“healthy moral selves”.By definition,democracy is about living w...A fairly precise vision of a healthy physical self can serve as motivation for undertaking the means to that end.The same cannot be said with regard to“healthy moral selves”.By definition,democracy is about living with others and,as we argue,a healthy moral self is one that lives well with others.However,precisely what“living with others”entails is ambiguous,particularly in a capitalist economy that presumes that the greatest happiness results from antagonistic competitiveness.In an attempt to demystify how self-focused individuals may nonetheless thrive in“the space between”,we will examine,with the help of Kant and Foucault,the Enlightenment Project that promoted maximal reasonableness(or what we are referring to as“healthy moral selves”)and then,with the help of Steven Pinker and Alisdair MacIntyre,explore the factors that have led to its seeming relatively recent failure.We will argue,following Iris Murdoch and others,that the best hope for its revitalization,and with it,democracy,lies,on one hand,with the debunking of counterfeit moral selves who use a“moral stance”to deliver what Frankfurt refers to as“bullshit”,and,on the other,with the reinvigoration of our understanding that healthy moral selves require a steady diet of engaging in“objective practical reasoning”with those who think differently,thereby potentially starving our fat relentless egos that are so often the source of divisiveness and,in so doing,become happy by becoming worthy of being happy.In animating the value of this goal,the hope is that the means,i.e.,education for the reinvigoration of practical reason(the forgotten twin of theoretical reason)and genuine deliberative dialogue across difference will become sufficiently attractive that it will energize democratic practice and dialogue to such an extent that democracy,as a form of government,may yet flourish despite the atomizing forces of capitalism.展开更多
The eighteenth century marked the advent of a true Chinese exoticism,its growing interest in the search for universal values characterized the spirit and approach of the Enlightenment that swept France.Philosophers be...The eighteenth century marked the advent of a true Chinese exoticism,its growing interest in the search for universal values characterized the spirit and approach of the Enlightenment that swept France.Philosophers began to find foreign models to remedy this ailing country and in Voltaire’s eyes,China could be an ideal example.This study analyzes the image of China from the pen of Voltaire,mainly in The Princess of Babylon and also in his other works as a complement.It highlights Voltaire’s great interest in Chinese politics,culture and civilization.The return to the legendary and authentic China that Voltaire describes includes a new conception of history,a morality without religious imperatives,a harmonious vision of the state that he calls enlightened despotism.展开更多
This paper explores the divergent receptions of Lu Xun in China and the Anglophone world,examining how his image has been constructed,exalted,and contested across ideological and cultural boundaries.In China,Lu Xun is...This paper explores the divergent receptions of Lu Xun in China and the Anglophone world,examining how his image has been constructed,exalted,and contested across ideological and cultural boundaries.In China,Lu Xun is revered as a literary saint and revolutionary prophet,with his contributions to the New Culture Movement and critiques of feudalism canonized in public memory.In contrast,Anglophone scholarship has deconstructed his figure,focusing on translation politics,Cold War anxieties,postcolonial theory,and aesthetic modernism.Western critics have examined his ethical ambiguities,ideological complexities,and the aesthetic tensions in his work.This comparative analysis highlights how Lu Xun’s legacy reflects both the complexity of his work and the cultural,theoretical,and political contexts of his interpreters.展开更多
By 2035,the tourist consumption of China will have made great strides into the people’s lives,becoming a standard of modern life for the people.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out corresponding enlightenment,direc...By 2035,the tourist consumption of China will have made great strides into the people’s lives,becoming a standard of modern life for the people.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out corresponding enlightenment,direction,correction,and guidance.With the 15th China Tourism Day approaching,the tourist industry and all sectors of society should pay close attention to this issue,and strive to improve the people’s concept of tourism in a way that suits local conditions,so that tourism can better serve the people’s happy lives and make new and greater contributions to the economic and social development.展开更多
Chemistry science popularization for lower grades(Grades 1-2)in primary schools is an important part of science enlightenment education.However,in practice,it generally faces practical dilemmas such as insufficient co...Chemistry science popularization for lower grades(Grades 1-2)in primary schools is an important part of science enlightenment education.However,in practice,it generally faces practical dilemmas such as insufficient content adaptability,a single implementation method,and a lack of coordination mechanisms.Based on Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory and the STSE(Science,Technology,Society,Environment)educational concept,this study constructed a four-in-one strategy system of“content development-teaching implementation-collaborative linkage-guarantee support”through literature analysis,action research,and empirical comparison.An empirical study was conducted in two primary schools for one academic year.The results show that this strategy system can increase students’interest in participating in chemistry science popularization by 42 percentage points,the compliance rate of observation ability reaches 85%,and the collaborative participation of families,schools,and society rises to 85%.The core strategies formed in the study,including“age-appropriate content screening,interactive teaching implementation,three-dimensional collaborative promotion,and full-process guarantee support,”provide a replicable practical model for the standardized and efficient development of chemistry science popularization for lower grades in primary schools.They also offer empirical references for fulfilling the requirement of“strengthening the pertinence and effectiveness of science popularization”in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Popularization of Science and Technology(revised in 2024).展开更多
In the past five years,shale gas exploration and development has grown in a leaping-forward way in China.Following USA and Canada,China is now the third country where industrial shale gas production is realized,with t...In the past five years,shale gas exploration and development has grown in a leaping-forward way in China.Following USA and Canada,China is now the third country where industrial shale gas production is realized,with the cumulative production exceeding 60×108 m3 until the end of 2015.In this paper,the main achievements of shale gas exploration and development in China in recent years were reviewed and the future development prospect was analyzed.It is pointed out that shale gas exploration and development in China is,on the whole,still at its early stage.Especially,marine shale gas in the Sichuan Basin has dominated the recent exploration and development.For the realization of shale gas scale development in China,one key point lies in the breakthrough and industrial production of transitional facies and continental facies shale gas.Lowemoderate yield of shale gas wells is the normal in China,so it is crucial to develop key exploration and development technologies.Especially,strictly controlling single well investment and significantly reducing cost are the important means to increase shale gas exploration and development benefits.And finally,suggestions were proposed in five aspects.First,continuously strengthen theoretical and technical re-searches,actively carry out appraisal on shale gas“sweet spots”,and gradually accumulate development basis.Second,stress on primary evaluation of exploration and development,highlight the effective implementation of shale gas resources,and control the rhythm of appraisal drilling and productivity construction.Third,highlight fine description and evaluation of shale gas reservoirs and increase the overall devel-opment level.Fourth,intensify the research on exploration and development technologies in order to stand out simple and practical technologies with low costs.And fifth,summarize the experiences in fast growth of shale gas exploration and development,highlight the demonstration and evaluation of key indicators,and try to achieve more breakthroughs and replacement in new areas,new domains and new strata.展开更多
A steady high yield natural gas flow was tapped in the Ordovician strata of Well Gucheng 6 drilled in the Gucheng lower uplift in the Tarim Basin in 2012,marking the discovery of another carbonate gas exploration fiel...A steady high yield natural gas flow was tapped in the Ordovician strata of Well Gucheng 6 drilled in the Gucheng lower uplift in the Tarim Basin in 2012,marking the discovery of another carbonate gas exploration field after the other two fields in the middle and northern Tarim Basin(the so called Tazhong and Tabei in the industry).The exploration in the Gucheng lower uplift has experienced three stages:the first stage,marine facies clastic exploration from 1995 to 2003,focusing on the Devonian Donghe sandstone lithologic traps,the Silurian overlapping lithologic traps,and the Upper Ordovician shelf slope turbidites;the second stage focusing on the reef shoal carbonate reservoirs from 2003 to 2006,during which oil and gas were first discovered in Well Gucheng 4;the third stage can be divided into two periods,in the first period,deeper insight into interbed karstification reservoir exploration,intense research on tricky seismic issues,selection of favorable zones,and 3D seismic deployment in advance laid a robust foundation for breakthroughs in oil and gas exploration;and during 2009-2012,through an in-depth investigation,Well Gucheng 6 was drilled,bringing about the major breakthrough in oil and gas exploration in this study area.This success proves that the Lower Paleozoic carbonate rocks in the Gucheng area have good geological conditions and broad prospect for oil and gas exploration,which give us enlightenment in three aspects:a.new insight into geologic understanding is the prerequisite of exploration breakthrough;b.addressing bottleneck technologies,and acquiring 3D seismic data are the guarantees of exploration breakthrough;and c.emancipation of mind and persistent exploration are key to the findings in new domains.展开更多
Since 1912,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)went through the stages of the struggle,foundation,and growth.The all-round developing TCM is academically progressing and promoted worldwide.Characteristics of the centenni...Since 1912,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)went through the stages of the struggle,foundation,and growth.The all-round developing TCM is academically progressing and promoted worldwide.Characteristics of the centennial development of TCM have cultural relevance,policy pertinency,mutual supplement between Chinese and western medicine and TCM is treatment directed by pattern diagnosis.Researches show that the historical inevitable development of TCM will benefit the people for generations to come when taken as a national strategy.展开更多
Given the growing awareness of the likely catastrophic impacts of climate change and close association of climate change with global emissions of greenhouse gases (of which carbon dioxide is more prominent) , consid...Given the growing awareness of the likely catastrophic impacts of climate change and close association of climate change with global emissions of greenhouse gases (of which carbon dioxide is more prominent) , considerable research efforts have been devoted to the analysis of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and its relationship to sustainable development. Now GHG reduction programs have been coming into effect in many developed coun- tries that have more responsibility for historical CO2 emissions, and the studies have become mature. First, the GHG emissions accounting system is more all-inclusive and the methods are more rational with the effort of IPCC from 1995 and all other research- ers related. Second, the responsibility allocation is more rational and fair. Along with the clarity of "carbon transfer" and "carbon leakage", the perspective and methodology for allocating regional COz emissions responsibility is turning from production base to consumption base. Third, the decomposition method has become more mature and more complex. For example, the decomposition formulas are including KAYA expression and input-output expres- sion and the decomposition techniques are developed from index analysis to simple average divisia and then adaptive-weighting divisia. Fourth, projection models have become more integrated and long-term. The top-down model and bottom-up model are both inter-embedded and synergetic. Trends above give some advice for the research on CO2 in China, such as emissions factors database construction, deeper-going research on emissions responsibility and structure analysis, promotion of modeling technology and technology-environment database.展开更多
This paper summarizes the features of the new economy in America, and then analyses the differences between the new economy and Chinese economy with trade theories. At the last, this paper concentrates on study of str...This paper summarizes the features of the new economy in America, and then analyses the differences between the new economy and Chinese economy with trade theories. At the last, this paper concentrates on study of strategies for China to develop economic internationalization.展开更多
Mississippi-Valley's carbonate-type (MVT) lead-zinc deposits are the most important type of lead-zinc deposits in the southwest of China. In 2013, China Geological Survey Bureau deployed a project named "Experimen...Mississippi-Valley's carbonate-type (MVT) lead-zinc deposits are the most important type of lead-zinc deposits in the southwest of China. In 2013, China Geological Survey Bureau deployed a project named "Experimental Investigation of Integrated Prospecting Technology for Concealed Carbonate-Type Lead-Zinc Deposits in the Region of Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces". This project has been implemented by the Chengdu Center of China Geological Survey since 2013, and the project has run for 3 years. The general objective of this project is to establish an effective and adaptable integrated prospecting methodology (including geological, geophysical and geochemical techniques) in search for deep concealed lead-zinc deposits.展开更多
Information asymmetry phenomenon and the differences between the main body's earning targets,which are existing in the building energy saving field,have made the game behaviors of its economic activities become in...Information asymmetry phenomenon and the differences between the main body's earning targets,which are existing in the building energy saving field,have made the game behaviors of its economic activities become inevitable.There are strategies choice between government departments and the developers,when the building energy saving work is carried out under the government control.Based on the players based assumptions,the path of player's behavior strategy choices is analyzed,expected revenue models are established and mixed Nash equilibrium is obtained in this paper.Based on the analysis results,the incentive strategy enlightenment could be concluded that it is particularly important to design the scientific incentive system for developers to develop energy-saving buildings reasonably and for the government to implement effective control;the role of informal system in encouraging developers to develop energy-saving buildings should not be ignored.展开更多
摘要Regarding the Chan Buddhism lamp records from the Song Dynasty and starting from Jing De Zhuan Deng Lu,the category of“enlightened masters in Chan Buddhism”禪門達者was listed separately,meaning a separate category was established for eccentric monks who pretended to be crazy,had unknown inheritance and miraculous deeds,and were difficult to classify.The following lamp records named this category of eccentric monks as“sages”散聖,or“saints”應化聖賢,which constructed another historical genealogy for the special Chan Buddhism eccentric monks.Moreover,the early lamp records included mostly idiosyncratic mad monks from previous dynasties.Since the Southern Song Dynasty,Chan Buddhism historical materials included many sages from the current dynasty.Therefore,this study mainly examines how the genealogy of Chan Buddhism eccentric monks was constructed in Song Dynasty Chan Buddhism lamp records,including quotations,and organizes the images of eccentric monks in the Song Dynasty,as written in Chan Buddhism historical materials,in order that the meaning of existence of these enlightened masters,sages,saints,etc.,included in the genealogy of Song Dynasty eccentric monks in the history of Chan Buddhism can be reflected.
摘要This article explains the execution and delivery progression phases of the project lifecycle.It is the third phase of the project lifecycle that leads to the final realization of the project's goals.However,this essay will describe the understanding of the‘enlightened planning’approach during the execution and delivery strategy progress of a project’s lifecycle.The features and details in the Enlightened Planning and PMI PMBOK Guide are compared.The author explored the nature and role of basic frameworks such as the project lifecycle,the process phase structure,and key project definition questions—the seven Ws(Who,Why,What,Which way,Wherewithal,When,Where).Combining Enlightened Planning and PMI PMBOK Guide,the differences between the two approaches are given.In addition,the author elaborated the advantages and disadvantages of the two approaches in current practice.
基金supported by Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program and the Cyrus Tang Foundation.
摘要In his final lectures,Michel Foucault highlighted Diderot’s Rameau’s Nephew as pivotal in the history of the transmission and metamorphosis of Cynicism(Foucault 2012,191).This article investigates and repudiates Foucault’s conception of the evolution of ancient Cynicism in Diderot’s Rameau’s Nephew during the Enlightenment,focusing on parrhêsia,free speech,or outspokenness.It examines how Diogenes of Sinope’s ethos of truth-telling deviates from its original sense and degenerates into mockery among the Enlightenment cynics in the shift of discourse from the agora to the public spheres like the Caféde Régence.Rameau’s nephew epitomizes modern cynicism,embodying various facets such as satire,misanthropy,and a disdain for societal norms.He challenges sacred values such as truth and truthfulness with sarcasm or indifference in the public sphere of the Enlightenment.Though aspiring to practice parrhêsia,the nephew’s speech deconstructs morality,while his actions seem puppet-like.He oscillates between animality and a“second nature”shaped by rationality.Modern cynics,such as the nephew,contend that all public opinions that dictates decisions are often driven by self-interest.They lack autonomy,resorting to farce or sarcasm when thwarted.In essence,the modern cynicism in the Enlightenment shows great discrepancies from the parrhêsiastic classical Cynicism and leads to a complex interplay of freedom of speech,societal critique,and individualism.Modern cynicism,born from the Enlightenment’s failures,embodies an“enlightened false consciousness.”It culminates in a modern cynical worldview shaped by societal disillusionment and the failure of the Enlightenment ideals.
摘要In Tibetan Buddhism,tulkus,also referred to as“living Buddhas,”believed to be the reincarnations of esteemed former spiritual masters,are among the most revered and cherished religious leaders.Prominent tulkus include Dalai Lamas,Panchen Lamas,Karmapas and Khyentses,all of whom hold significant influence within the tradition.The different titles reflect the periods in history they were installed and different sects of Tibetan Buddhism.Since the tulku system was established in the 13th century,these spiritual figures have been venerated as sacred beings.
基金2024 Gansu Provincial University Teacher Innovation Project“The Study of'Shared Destiny of the Chinese Nation'in Xinjiang Poetry”(2024A-142)Hexi University Doctoral Research Start-up Project。
摘要During the War of Resistance,Northwest poetry,influenced by the May Fourth New Literature tradition,exhibited a distinct spirit of“enlightenment”and“struggle”.Poets inherited the realist tradition,using poetry as a weapon to expose the atrocities of the enemy and puppet forces,awaken public consciousness,and call for national salvation.At the same time,they made significant progress in the direction of“nationalization and popularization”,creating poems that were sincerely emotional and uplifting in style,reflecting both the lives and struggles of borderland people and the belief in the inevitable victory of the war of resistance and the revolutionary ideals of the proletariat.Northwest poetry,in its specific historical context,fulfilled the practical functions of serving the war through literature and educating the people,provided valuable experience for the popularization of new poetry,and established the unique poetic charm of Northwest poetry,demonstrating its sense of responsibility to the era.
摘要A fairly precise vision of a healthy physical self can serve as motivation for undertaking the means to that end.The same cannot be said with regard to“healthy moral selves”.By definition,democracy is about living with others and,as we argue,a healthy moral self is one that lives well with others.However,precisely what“living with others”entails is ambiguous,particularly in a capitalist economy that presumes that the greatest happiness results from antagonistic competitiveness.In an attempt to demystify how self-focused individuals may nonetheless thrive in“the space between”,we will examine,with the help of Kant and Foucault,the Enlightenment Project that promoted maximal reasonableness(or what we are referring to as“healthy moral selves”)and then,with the help of Steven Pinker and Alisdair MacIntyre,explore the factors that have led to its seeming relatively recent failure.We will argue,following Iris Murdoch and others,that the best hope for its revitalization,and with it,democracy,lies,on one hand,with the debunking of counterfeit moral selves who use a“moral stance”to deliver what Frankfurt refers to as“bullshit”,and,on the other,with the reinvigoration of our understanding that healthy moral selves require a steady diet of engaging in“objective practical reasoning”with those who think differently,thereby potentially starving our fat relentless egos that are so often the source of divisiveness and,in so doing,become happy by becoming worthy of being happy.In animating the value of this goal,the hope is that the means,i.e.,education for the reinvigoration of practical reason(the forgotten twin of theoretical reason)and genuine deliberative dialogue across difference will become sufficiently attractive that it will energize democratic practice and dialogue to such an extent that democracy,as a form of government,may yet flourish despite the atomizing forces of capitalism.
摘要The eighteenth century marked the advent of a true Chinese exoticism,its growing interest in the search for universal values characterized the spirit and approach of the Enlightenment that swept France.Philosophers began to find foreign models to remedy this ailing country and in Voltaire’s eyes,China could be an ideal example.This study analyzes the image of China from the pen of Voltaire,mainly in The Princess of Babylon and also in his other works as a complement.It highlights Voltaire’s great interest in Chinese politics,culture and civilization.The return to the legendary and authentic China that Voltaire describes includes a new conception of history,a morality without religious imperatives,a harmonious vision of the state that he calls enlightened despotism.
摘要This paper explores the divergent receptions of Lu Xun in China and the Anglophone world,examining how his image has been constructed,exalted,and contested across ideological and cultural boundaries.In China,Lu Xun is revered as a literary saint and revolutionary prophet,with his contributions to the New Culture Movement and critiques of feudalism canonized in public memory.In contrast,Anglophone scholarship has deconstructed his figure,focusing on translation politics,Cold War anxieties,postcolonial theory,and aesthetic modernism.Western critics have examined his ethical ambiguities,ideological complexities,and the aesthetic tensions in his work.This comparative analysis highlights how Lu Xun’s legacy reflects both the complexity of his work and the cultural,theoretical,and political contexts of his interpreters.
摘要By 2035,the tourist consumption of China will have made great strides into the people’s lives,becoming a standard of modern life for the people.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out corresponding enlightenment,direction,correction,and guidance.With the 15th China Tourism Day approaching,the tourist industry and all sectors of society should pay close attention to this issue,and strive to improve the people’s concept of tourism in a way that suits local conditions,so that tourism can better serve the people’s happy lives and make new and greater contributions to the economic and social development.
基金Projects of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2020JQ-886,2022JM-075)Education Science Planning Project of Shaanxi Province during the“14th Five-Year Plan”Period(SGH22Y1392)+6 种基金Scientific Research Program of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education(23JP146,23JP147)Science and Technology Program of Xi’an(No.22GXFW0112)Three-Year Action Plan Project of Xi’an University(21XJZZ0001-11)Basic Education Research Project of Xi’an in 2022(2022JYZX28)2022“Xi’an University-Xi’an Academy of Social Sciences”Strategic Cooperation Projects(22ZL10,22ZL11)Doctoral Start-up Fund of Xi’an University(06005017)Key Discipline of Analytical Chemistry in Shaanxi Province(09009001)。
摘要Chemistry science popularization for lower grades(Grades 1-2)in primary schools is an important part of science enlightenment education.However,in practice,it generally faces practical dilemmas such as insufficient content adaptability,a single implementation method,and a lack of coordination mechanisms.Based on Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory and the STSE(Science,Technology,Society,Environment)educational concept,this study constructed a four-in-one strategy system of“content development-teaching implementation-collaborative linkage-guarantee support”through literature analysis,action research,and empirical comparison.An empirical study was conducted in two primary schools for one academic year.The results show that this strategy system can increase students’interest in participating in chemistry science popularization by 42 percentage points,the compliance rate of observation ability reaches 85%,and the collaborative participation of families,schools,and society rises to 85%.The core strategies formed in the study,including“age-appropriate content screening,interactive teaching implementation,three-dimensional collaborative promotion,and full-process guarantee support,”provide a replicable practical model for the standardized and efficient development of chemistry science popularization for lower grades in primary schools.They also offer empirical references for fulfilling the requirement of“strengthening the pertinence and effectiveness of science popularization”in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Popularization of Science and Technology(revised in 2024).
基金Major Special Items of National Oil and Gas(No.:2011ZX05018-001)National Key Basic Research&Development Plan(Plan 973)project(No.:2013CB228001).
摘要In the past five years,shale gas exploration and development has grown in a leaping-forward way in China.Following USA and Canada,China is now the third country where industrial shale gas production is realized,with the cumulative production exceeding 60×108 m3 until the end of 2015.In this paper,the main achievements of shale gas exploration and development in China in recent years were reviewed and the future development prospect was analyzed.It is pointed out that shale gas exploration and development in China is,on the whole,still at its early stage.Especially,marine shale gas in the Sichuan Basin has dominated the recent exploration and development.For the realization of shale gas scale development in China,one key point lies in the breakthrough and industrial production of transitional facies and continental facies shale gas.Lowemoderate yield of shale gas wells is the normal in China,so it is crucial to develop key exploration and development technologies.Especially,strictly controlling single well investment and significantly reducing cost are the important means to increase shale gas exploration and development benefits.And finally,suggestions were proposed in five aspects.First,continuously strengthen theoretical and technical re-searches,actively carry out appraisal on shale gas“sweet spots”,and gradually accumulate development basis.Second,stress on primary evaluation of exploration and development,highlight the effective implementation of shale gas resources,and control the rhythm of appraisal drilling and productivity construction.Third,highlight fine description and evaluation of shale gas reservoirs and increase the overall devel-opment level.Fourth,intensify the research on exploration and development technologies in order to stand out simple and practical technologies with low costs.And fifth,summarize the experiences in fast growth of shale gas exploration and development,highlight the demonstration and evaluation of key indicators,and try to achieve more breakthroughs and replacement in new areas,new domains and new strata.
摘要A steady high yield natural gas flow was tapped in the Ordovician strata of Well Gucheng 6 drilled in the Gucheng lower uplift in the Tarim Basin in 2012,marking the discovery of another carbonate gas exploration field after the other two fields in the middle and northern Tarim Basin(the so called Tazhong and Tabei in the industry).The exploration in the Gucheng lower uplift has experienced three stages:the first stage,marine facies clastic exploration from 1995 to 2003,focusing on the Devonian Donghe sandstone lithologic traps,the Silurian overlapping lithologic traps,and the Upper Ordovician shelf slope turbidites;the second stage focusing on the reef shoal carbonate reservoirs from 2003 to 2006,during which oil and gas were first discovered in Well Gucheng 4;the third stage can be divided into two periods,in the first period,deeper insight into interbed karstification reservoir exploration,intense research on tricky seismic issues,selection of favorable zones,and 3D seismic deployment in advance laid a robust foundation for breakthroughs in oil and gas exploration;and during 2009-2012,through an in-depth investigation,Well Gucheng 6 was drilled,bringing about the major breakthrough in oil and gas exploration in this study area.This success proves that the Lower Paleozoic carbonate rocks in the Gucheng area have good geological conditions and broad prospect for oil and gas exploration,which give us enlightenment in three aspects:a.new insight into geologic understanding is the prerequisite of exploration breakthrough;b.addressing bottleneck technologies,and acquiring 3D seismic data are the guarantees of exploration breakthrough;and c.emancipation of mind and persistent exploration are key to the findings in new domains.
摘要Since 1912,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)went through the stages of the struggle,foundation,and growth.The all-round developing TCM is academically progressing and promoted worldwide.Characteristics of the centennial development of TCM have cultural relevance,policy pertinency,mutual supplement between Chinese and western medicine and TCM is treatment directed by pattern diagnosis.Researches show that the historical inevitable development of TCM will benefit the people for generations to come when taken as a national strategy.
基金the helpful funding from the Ministry for Science and technology of China (GrantNo. 2007BAC03A11-04)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41101118)+1 种基金China Postdoctor Science Foundation (Grant No. 20100480438)National Project 973 (Grant No.2012CB95570002)
摘要Given the growing awareness of the likely catastrophic impacts of climate change and close association of climate change with global emissions of greenhouse gases (of which carbon dioxide is more prominent) , considerable research efforts have been devoted to the analysis of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and its relationship to sustainable development. Now GHG reduction programs have been coming into effect in many developed coun- tries that have more responsibility for historical CO2 emissions, and the studies have become mature. First, the GHG emissions accounting system is more all-inclusive and the methods are more rational with the effort of IPCC from 1995 and all other research- ers related. Second, the responsibility allocation is more rational and fair. Along with the clarity of "carbon transfer" and "carbon leakage", the perspective and methodology for allocating regional COz emissions responsibility is turning from production base to consumption base. Third, the decomposition method has become more mature and more complex. For example, the decomposition formulas are including KAYA expression and input-output expres- sion and the decomposition techniques are developed from index analysis to simple average divisia and then adaptive-weighting divisia. Fourth, projection models have become more integrated and long-term. The top-down model and bottom-up model are both inter-embedded and synergetic. Trends above give some advice for the research on CO2 in China, such as emissions factors database construction, deeper-going research on emissions responsibility and structure analysis, promotion of modeling technology and technology-environment database.
摘要This paper summarizes the features of the new economy in America, and then analyses the differences between the new economy and Chinese economy with trade theories. At the last, this paper concentrates on study of strategies for China to develop economic internationalization.
基金granted by the China State Mineral Resources Investigation Program (Grant No.12120113050700)
摘要Mississippi-Valley's carbonate-type (MVT) lead-zinc deposits are the most important type of lead-zinc deposits in the southwest of China. In 2013, China Geological Survey Bureau deployed a project named "Experimental Investigation of Integrated Prospecting Technology for Concealed Carbonate-Type Lead-Zinc Deposits in the Region of Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces". This project has been implemented by the Chengdu Center of China Geological Survey since 2013, and the project has run for 3 years. The general objective of this project is to establish an effective and adaptable integrated prospecting methodology (including geological, geophysical and geochemical techniques) in search for deep concealed lead-zinc deposits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71171141)
摘要Information asymmetry phenomenon and the differences between the main body's earning targets,which are existing in the building energy saving field,have made the game behaviors of its economic activities become inevitable.There are strategies choice between government departments and the developers,when the building energy saving work is carried out under the government control.Based on the players based assumptions,the path of player's behavior strategy choices is analyzed,expected revenue models are established and mixed Nash equilibrium is obtained in this paper.Based on the analysis results,the incentive strategy enlightenment could be concluded that it is particularly important to design the scientific incentive system for developers to develop energy-saving buildings reasonably and for the government to implement effective control;the role of informal system in encouraging developers to develop energy-saving buildings should not be ignored.