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Impact of Reactive Power in Power Evacuation from Wind Turbines 认领 引用
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作者 Ashish Ranjan S. Prabhakar Karthikeyan +3 位作者 Ankur Ahuja K. Palanisamy I. Jacob Raglend D. P. Kothari 《Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications》 2009年第1期15-23,共9页
Application of Distributed Generation (DG) to supply the demands of a diverse customer base plays a vital role in the renewable energy environment. Various DG technologies are being integrated into power systems to pr... Application of Distributed Generation (DG) to supply the demands of a diverse customer base plays a vital role in the renewable energy environment. Various DG technologies are being integrated into power systems to provide alterna-tives to energy sources and to improve reliability of the system. Power Evacuation from these remotely located DG’s remains a major concern for the power utilities these days. The main cause of concern regarding evacuation is con-sumption of reactive power for excitation by Induction Generators (IG) used in wind power production which affects the power system in variety of ways. This paper deals with the issues related to reactive power consumption by Induc-tion generators during power evacuation. Induction generator based wind turbine model using MATLAB/SIMULINK is simulated and its impact on the grid is observed. The simulated results are analyzed and validated with the real time results for the system considered. A wind farm is also modeled and simulations are carried out to study the various im-pacts it has on the grid &amp;nearby wind turbines during Islanding and system event especially on 3-Phase to ground fault. 展开更多
关键词 Distributed Generation (DG) Grid Wind Turbines Induction Generator Islanding Power Evacuation Point of Common Connection 3 Phase to Ground Fault
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Research on the rules and strategies of coordinated evacuation of stairways and elevators in high-rise buildings 认领 引用
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作者 Xueer Zhang Xiaowen Shao +2 位作者 Jinghong Wang Jintao Li Jialin Wu 《Emergency Management Science and Technology》 2025年第1期88-99,共12页
In high-rise emergencies,relying solely on stairs for evacuation may hinder timely escape.Therefore,elevator-assisted stair evacuation should be considered to improve efficiency.Limited research exists on coordinated ... In high-rise emergencies,relying solely on stairs for evacuation may hinder timely escape.Therefore,elevator-assisted stair evacuation should be considered to improve efficiency.Limited research exists on coordinated stair-elevator evacuation,particularly for upward and downward movements involving refuge floors.A 10-story case study was constructed using MassMotion software,based on the Social Forces Model,to explore the effects of elevator-served floor,building population,and percentage of the population using the elevator on evacuation.Findings were applied to a real building.Results indicate that evacuation time increases with the number of elevator-served floors.Upward stair-elevator coordination outperformed downward evacuation,unaffected by building population.For upward evacuation,deploying elevators on floors 1 or 1–2 reduced evacuation times compared to stairs alone.Downward evacuation achieved time savings using elevators on floors 10 or 9–10.Allocating elevators to 100%of occupants on the lowest or highest floors,or 50%on floors 1–2 for upward,or 9–10 for downward evacuation,minimized evacuation duration.Elevator-assisted evacuation reduced evacuation times by 11.7%for upward evacuation,and 8.4%for downward evacuation,suggesting prioritization of elevators for upward evacuees.This research provides theoretical insights for optimizing the coordination of stairs and elevators in high-rise building evacuations. 展开更多
关键词 emergency evacuation refuge floors elevator assisted stair evacuation social forces modelto stairways high rise buildings coordinated evacuation massmotion softwarebased
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Method of Searching for Earthquake Disaster Evacuation Routes Using Multi-Objective GA and GIS 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Yuichiro Shimura Kayoko Yamamoto 《Journal of Geographic Information System》 2014年第5期492-525,共34页
This study treats the determination of routes for evacuation on foot in earthquake disasters as a multi-objective optimization problem, and aims to propose a method for quantitatively searching for evacuation routes u... This study treats the determination of routes for evacuation on foot in earthquake disasters as a multi-objective optimization problem, and aims to propose a method for quantitatively searching for evacuation routes using a multi-objective genetic algorithm (multi-objective GA) and GIS. The conclusions can be summarized in the following three points. 1) A GA was used to design and create an evacuation route search algorithm which solves the problem of the optimization of earthquake disaster evacuation routes by treating it as an optimization problem with multiple objectives, such as evacuation distance and evacuation time. 2) In this method, goodness of fit is set by using a Pareto ranking method to determine the ranking of individuals based on their relative superiorities and inferiorities. 3) In this method, searching for evacuation routes based on the information on present conditions allows evacuation routes to be derived based on present building and road locations.?Further, this method is based on publicly available information;therefore, obtaining geographic information similar to that of this study enables this method to be effective regardless of what region it is applied to, or whether the data regards the past or the future. Therefore, this method has high degree of spatial and temporal reproducibility. 展开更多
关键词 Evacuation Route Evacuation Site Earthquake Disaster Multi-Objective Optimization Problem Multi-Objective GA (Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm) Pareto Ranking Method GIS
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Influence of guidance signs on platform evacuation in suburban railway tunnel under smoke and obstacle environment 认领 引用
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作者 Yifan Zhuang Fan Wang +2 位作者 Yuanchun Huang Xiaomin Song Ya Rao 《High-Speed Railway》 CSCD 2025年第1期1-16,共16页
Once a train stops in a tunnel section and requires emergency evacuation,the large distance between stations and long walking distances in the underground spaces of suburban railway systems pose potential risks to the... Once a train stops in a tunnel section and requires emergency evacuation,the large distance between stations and long walking distances in the underground spaces of suburban railway systems pose potential risks to the evacuation process on tunnel platforms,especially in complex environments.This study utilized Virtual Reality(VR)technology to construct a virtual experimental platform for tunnel evacuation in suburban railway systems,simulating different combinations of smoke and obstacle conditions.By requiring participants to wear VR glasses and walk on an omnidirectional treadmill for moving,as well as complete psychological questionnaires,the study reveals the influences of No Guiding(NG)signs,Wall-Guided(WG)signs,and Central axis Guidance(CG)signs on the movement abilities and psychological behaviors of participants contrastively.The results show that either smoke conditions or obstacle positions affect the mental stress of participants,and the guidance sign has a positive effect on reducing the mental stress.There is an inverse relationship between mental stress and movement abilities.WG and CG signs respectively lead participants to walk closer to walls and along the central axis,which is conducive to reducing the variation in participants’behavior characteristics when circumventing obstacles on the wall side or track side under smoke conditions,respectively.Additionally,CG signs reduce the speed fluctuations of participants before circumventing obstacles,improving the stability of the distance from the wall and speed under smoke conditions,compared to NG and WG signs.These findings contribute to understanding the evacuation psychological-behavioral-movement characteristics of pedestrians on evacuation platforms in suburban railway tunnels and provide a basis for improving the safety design of evacuation guidance signs. 展开更多
关键词 Tunnel evacuation platform Pedestrian safety VR experiment Guidance sign Suburban railway Emergency evacuation
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Impact of emergency evacuation signage systems on passenger behavior during subway fires 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 BIAN Yang ZHAO Xuena +2 位作者 ZHAO Xiaohua ZHANG Yu LIU Zhuoran 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2025年第3期325-337,共13页
To explore the influence of emergency evacuation signs on passenger behavior during subway fires and improve evacuation efficiency in emergencies,this paper proposes a dynamic emergency evacuation sign system.A simula... To explore the influence of emergency evacuation signs on passenger behavior during subway fires and improve evacuation efficiency in emergencies,this paper proposes a dynamic emergency evacuation sign system.A simulation platform integrating building information modeling(BIM)and virtual reality(VR)technologies was em-ployed to create subway fire evacuation scenarios using both the current and proposed dynamic emergency evacuation signage systems.Through simulation experiments,fine-grained microscopic data on passenger behavior was collected.Seven indicators were selected to assess evacuation efficiency and wayfinding difficulty.The analysis explored the influence of evacuation signs on passenger behavior in both overall and decision-making areas,thereby validating the effectiveness of the new emergency evacuation signage system.The results show that the dynamic evacuation signage system significantly improves overall passenger evacuation efficiency and reduces decision-making errors.It also improves wayfinding efficiency in critical decision areas by reducing the need for direction identification,minimizing stopping times,and lowering the frequency of decision errors.The method for evaluating the effects of emergency evacuation signs on passenger evacuation behavior proposed in this study provides a robust theoretical basis for the design and optimization of emergency-oriented signs. 展开更多
关键词 emergency evacuation signs subway fire inci-dents evacuation behavior building information modeling(BIM)and virtual reality(VR)simulation technology op-timal design
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Guided Crowd Evacuation:Approaches and Challenges 认领 引用 被引量：8
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作者 Min Zhou Hairong Dong +2 位作者 Petros A.Ioannou Yanbo Zhao Fei-Yue Wang 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2019年第5期1081-1094,共14页
Evacuation leaders and/or equipment provide route and exit information for people and guide them to the expected destinations, which could make crowd evacuation more efficient in case of emergency. The purpose of this... Evacuation leaders and/or equipment provide route and exit information for people and guide them to the expected destinations, which could make crowd evacuation more efficient in case of emergency. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of recent advances in guided crowd evacuation. Different guided crowd evacuation approaches are classified according to guidance approaches and technologies. A comprehensive analysis and comparison of crowd evacuation with static signage, dynamic signage, trained leader, mobile devices, mobile robot and wireless sensor networks are presented based on a single guidance mode perspective. In addition, the different evacuation guidance systems that use high-tech means such as advanced intelligent monitoring techniques, AI techniques, computer technology and intelligent inducing algorithms are reviewed from a system’s perspective. Future researches in the area of crowd evacuation are also discussed. 展开更多
关键词 Auxiliary equipment evacuation guidance system (EGS) guided crowd evacuation leader signage
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Effect of minimally invasive evacuation of hematoma combined with Xingnaojing therapy on neurological function injury and cytokine level in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhagen 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yong-Feng Li Wei Li 《Journal of Hainan Medical University》 CAS 2017年第6期122-126,共5页
Objective:To study the effect of minimally invasive evacuation of hematoma combined with Xingnaojing therapy on neurological function damage and cytokine level in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.Methods... Objective:To study the effect of minimally invasive evacuation of hematoma combined with Xingnaojing therapy on neurological function damage and cytokine level in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 80 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage treated in our hospital between June 2010 and September 2015 were selected as the research subjects, the treatment methods and test results were reviewed, and then they were divided into the control group (n=45) who accepted minimally invasive evacuation of hematoma alone and the observation group (n=35) who accepted minimally invasive evacuation of hematoma combined with Xingnaojing therapy. Before and after treatment, cerebral blood flow detector was used to detect cerebral blood flow parameters;ELISA method was used to detect serum levels of neurological function indexes and inflammatory cytokines;high performance liquid chromatograph was used to detect serum neurotransmitter levels. Results: Before treatment, the differences in cerebral blood flow parameters, neurological function indexes, inflammatory cytokines and neurotransmitters were not statistically significant between two groups of patients. After treatment, cerebral blood flow parameters Q and V levels of observation group were higher than those of control group while R level was lower than that of control group;serum NSE, NPY, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, Glu and Asp contents of observation group were lower than those of control group while BDNF and Gly contents were higher than those of control group.Conclusion: Minimally invasive evacuation of hematoma combined with Xingnaojing therapy can improve the neurological function and regulate the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines and neurotransmitters in patients with hypertension cerebral hemorrhage. 展开更多
关键词 Hypertension cerebral hemorrhage Minimally invasive evacuation of hematoma Xingnaojing Neurological function Inflammatory cytokines
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Exploring the effects of perception factors on evacuation intentions of residents 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 TANG Lan ZHOU Jiawen +1 位作者 ZHOU Langyu XING Huige 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2025年第2期592-610,共19页
The evacuation of people under threat is an effective disaster prevention and mitigation measure in response to flash floods and geological hazards,and it is also an essential element of pre-disaster planning.However,... The evacuation of people under threat is an effective disaster prevention and mitigation measure in response to flash floods and geological hazards,and it is also an essential element of pre-disaster planning.However,the effect of the interactions between perception factors on residents'willingness to evacuate is an urgent problem to be solved.Therefore,this paper introduces risk,stakeholder,and protective action perceptions from the protective action decision model as the main explanatory variables.These three core perceptions are subdivided into affective risk perception,cognitive risk perception,government perception,other-stakeholder perception,resourcerelated attributes,and hazard-related attributes.A questionnaire survey was conducted from June to July 2023 among residents of mountainous communities in nine villages in three towns in Sichuan Province,China.359 cross-sectional data were analyzed using structural equation modeling to explore the effects of six perception factors on evacuation intentions.The results of the study showed that:(1)affective risk perception,government perception,other-stakeholder perception,and hazard-related attributes all directly and positively influence residents'intentions to evacuate;(2)cognitive risk perception is mediated by stakeholder and protective action perceptions,which indirectly and positively affect residents'intentions to evacuate.Based on the hypothesized paths,strategies to improve residents'willingness to evacuate are discussed from the perspective of three core perceptions:strengthening disaster risk education,improving residents'cohesion,and building government credibility.The results of this study can provide theoretical support and practical suggestions for emergency management departments to formulate emergency evacuation strategies,which can aid decision-makers in better understanding residents'intentions to evacuate,optimizing evacuation information dissemination pathways,and strengthening disaster risk management capabilities. 展开更多
关键词 Disaster prevention and mitigation Evacuation intentions Flash floods and geological hazards Protective action decision model Perception factors Structural equation modeling
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Analysis of Evacuation of Tourists Based on the Louvre’s Emergency 认领 引用
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作者 Rui Tang Xiaozhen Luan +2 位作者 Shiwei Xu Fuliang Lu Wei Zhang 《Open Journal of Applied Sciences》 2019年第6期515-534,共20页
Due to France has suffered from many terrorist attacks and the number of visitors to the Louvre has gradually increased in recent years, a good evacuation plan for the Louvre is of vital significance. We use the minim... Due to France has suffered from many terrorist attacks and the number of visitors to the Louvre has gradually increased in recent years, a good evacuation plan for the Louvre is of vital significance. We use the minimization of the total evacuation time of all tourists as the optimization goal to find an optimal path. For conventional emergencies, a static model is built to evacuate visitors. And then we establish a nonlinear programming model. Using Lingo software, we get the distribution information of the visitors in different exhibition halls. For unconventional emergencies, we establish an adaptive dynamic model of tourist evacuation based on genetic algorithm. The sensitivity analysis of the model is considered by adding new paths. By solving the nonlinear programming problem with the double objective function of maximizing evacuation time and balancing the number of people in every path, we get the evacuation time last 1582.74 s. Finally, according to our result, we built mathematical models for the evacuation after an emergency and analyzed how to adapt and implement our models for other large and crowded structures. 展开更多
关键词 NT Model Linear Programming Genetic Algorithm Cellular Automata M/G/C/C Queuing Network Model Emergency Evacuation
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Multi-stage and multi-objective optimization of anti-typhoon evacuation strategy for riser with new hang-off system 认领 引用
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作者 Yan-Wei Li Xiu-Quan Liu +3 位作者 Peng-Ji Hu Xiao-Yu Hu Yuan-Jiang Chang Guo-Ming Chen 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第1期457-471,共15页
A new hang-off system has been proposed to improve the security of risers in hang-off modes during typhoons.However,efficient anti-typhoon evacuation strategies have not been investigated.Optimiza-tion model and metho... A new hang-off system has been proposed to improve the security of risers in hang-off modes during typhoons.However,efficient anti-typhoon evacuation strategies have not been investigated.Optimiza-tion model and method for the anti-typhoon evacuation strategies should be researched.Therefore,multi-objective functions are proposed based on operation time,evacuation speed stability,and steering stability.An evacuation path model and a dynamic model of risers with the new hang-off system are developed for design variables and constraints.A multi-objective optimization model with high-dimensional variables and complex constraints is established.Finally,a three-stage optimization method based on genetic algorithm,least square method,and the penalty function method is proposed to solve the multi-objective optimization model.Optimization results show that the operation time can be reduced through operation parameter optimization,especially evacuation heading optimization.The optimal anti-typhoon strategy is evacuation with all risers suspended along a variable path when the direction angle is large,while evacuation with all risers suspended along a straight path at another di-rection angle.Besides,the influencing factors on anti-typhoon evacuation strategies indicate that the proposed optimization model and method have strong applicability to working conditions and remarkable optimization effects. 展开更多
关键词 Anti-typhoon evacuation strategy Riser Multi-stage and multi-objective Optimization Genetic algorithm Least square method
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The impact of large skull plate craniotomy for hematoma evacuation on the prognosis of organized chronic subdural hematomas 认领 引用
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作者 BAO Jinzhuang 《外文科技期刊数据库（文摘版）医药卫生》 2026年第3期020-023,共4页
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of large bone flap craniotomy for hematoma evacuation in organized chronic subdural hematomas. Methods Data from 36 patients with organized chronic subdural hematomas treate... Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of large bone flap craniotomy for hematoma evacuation in organized chronic subdural hematomas. Methods Data from 36 patients with organized chronic subdural hematomas treated with large bone flap craniotomy between January and December 2024 were analyzed to assess therapeutic outcomes. Results Among the 36 patients, 34 survived (survival rate: 94.44%,34/36), with 2 deaths. Among survivors, 26 exhibited good recovery (76.47%), 4 had moderate disability (11.76%), 1 had severe disability (2.94%), and 1 remained in a vegetative state (2.94%). Postoperative intracranial pressure and GCS scores were significantly lower than preoperative levels (P <0.05). Complications included acute brain herniation (3 cases), cerebral infarction (2 cases), and pneumocephalus (2 cases;complication rate: 19.44%,7/36). Conclusion Large bone flap craniotomy for hematoma evacuation in organized chronic subdural hematomas significantly improves clinical symptoms, reduces intracranial pressure, demonstrates low complication rates, and promotes favorable functional recovery, making it clinically valuable for widespread application. 展开更多
关键词 Large bone flap craniotomy for hematoma evacuation Organized chronic subdural hematoma Efficacy
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A Fundamental Study on Multi-agent Pedestrian Model Based on Risk Avoidance Behavior during Road Blockage and Evacuation Simulation of Regional Urban Disaster 认领 引用
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作者 Hideaki Takayanagi Tatsuto Kihara +5 位作者 Yosuke Kurita Kazuhide Kawaguchi Hidetoshi Kawaguchi Takaaki Furukawa Takuhi Ono Shogo Yamada 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2019年第4期219-237,共19页
Regional cities in Japan are at the risk of experiencing big fire accidents or earthquakes every day.However,neither the number nor the capacity of shelters has increased because local governments might not consider t... Regional cities in Japan are at the risk of experiencing big fire accidents or earthquakes every day.However,neither the number nor the capacity of shelters has increased because local governments might not consider them owing to budget shortfall.By contrast,wide-area evacuation simulations can easily provide an antagonizing image of regional urban disasters.After a disaster,the city collapses and the evacuation routes are closed;consequently,evacuees feel anxious and they cannot move as usual.This anxiety behavior has not been considered in previous related studies and simulations.In this study,a wide-area evacuation simulation is developed;this model can not only calculate the possibility of blocking escape routes when the city is broken but also provide safe and more realistic evacuation plans before a disaster occurs by incorporating into the simulation the risk avoidance behaviors of evacuees from road blockage,such as“the route re-seeking behavior”and“the shelter re-selecting behavior”. 展开更多
关键词 Wide-area evacuation simulation multi-agent model risk avoidance behavior regional disaster prevention plan
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Therapeutic effect of minimally invasive intracranial hematoma evacuation in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage and TCD evaluation 认领 引用
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作者 Zi-Hao Zhang Wen-Liang Zhang +7 位作者 Ye Liu Zhi-Bao Wu Liang Liu Pu Gao Ning Gan Shu-Zhang An Hong-Chuan Guo Min Zhou 《Journal of Hainan Medical University》 CAS 2017年第6期135-138,共4页
Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of minimally invasive intracranial hematoma evacuation in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage and the value of dynamic TCD monitoring in predicting the neurolo... Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of minimally invasive intracranial hematoma evacuation in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage and the value of dynamic TCD monitoring in predicting the neurological function recovery.Methods: A total of 70 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who were admitted in our hospital were included in the study and divided into the minimally invasive group and conservative group with 35 cases in each group according to different treatment protocols. The patients in the two groups were given drug conservative treatments. On this basis, the patients in the minimally invasive group were given urokinase in combined with minimally invasive hematoma puncture with YL-1 type needle. TCD was performed before treatment, 1 d, 5 d, 10 d, and 21 d after treatment. The hematoma and edema volume was calculated. NIHSS was used to evaluate the neurological function recovery.Results: Vs, Vd, and Vm after treatment in the minimally invasive group were significantly elevated, while PI was significantly reduced. Vs, Vd, and Vm after treatment in the conservative group were reduced first and elevated later, while PI was elevated first and reduced later, and reached the lowest/peak 10d after treatment. Vs, Vd, and Vm 5 d, 10 d, and 21 d after treatment in the minimally invasive group were significantly higher than those in the conservative group, while PI was significantly lower than that in the conservative group. The hematoma and edema volume after treatment in the two groups was significantly reduced. The hematoma and edema volume at each timing point was significantly lower than that in the conservative group. NIHSS score after treatment in the minimally invasive group was significantly reduced. NIHSS score in the conservative group was elevated first and reduced later, reached the peak 10d after treatment, and at each timing point was higher than that in the minimally invasive group.Conclusions:The early minimally invasive operation can significantly improve the hematoma adjacent blood flow volume in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, and contribute to the neurological function recovery. TCD not only can be applied in the dynamic monitoring of cerebral blood flow volume in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, but also has a certain value in evaluating the prognosis of neurological function. 展开更多
关键词 Hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage Minimally invasive intracranial hematoma evacuation TCD NIHSS score
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A simulation study of the influence of dedicated building exits on the evacuation patterns of vulnerable populations 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yu Qiao Qingzhao Li +1 位作者 Qi Liu Jinghong Wang 《Emergency Management Science and Technology》 2024年第1期144-155,共12页
In recent years,vulnerable populations have become the main targets of casualties in many building fire accidents.It is of great significance to study the behavioral patterns of vulnerable populations during emergency... In recent years,vulnerable populations have become the main targets of casualties in many building fire accidents.It is of great significance to study the behavioral patterns of vulnerable populations during emergency evacuation and to design specialized strategies conducive to the evacuation of vulnerable populations to improve evacuation efficiency and reduce casualties.In this paper,simulations are carried out using AnyLogic based on a social force model to explore the impact of dedicated exits in public places on the evacuation of vulnerable populations.A model of a normal room with three exits was created in which pedestrians were divided into two categories:normal and vulnerable populations with different evacuation speeds and footprint sizes.Simulation results show that dedicating middle exits reduces evacuation time in most cases while dedicating side exits significantly increases evacuation time.Middle exits as dedicated exits can balance the evacuation speed of vulnerable and normal populations,and improve the overall evacuation efficiency of vulnerable populations.Calculating the balance analysis index OPS for building evacuation,the results show that the balance of exits is the key to the evacuation time,and the closer the OPS value is to 0 the better the evacuation balance,which leads to a shorter evacuation time.This paper illustrates the impact of dedicated exits on the evacuation of vulnerable populations.Also,it provides a basis for the need for dedicated exits in different situations by calculating OPS values. 展开更多
关键词 emergency evacuation social force model dedicated exits design specialized strategies vulnerable populations study behavioral patterns evacuation patterns building fire accidents
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Evacuation simulation considering action of guard in artificial attack 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Chang-Kun Chen Yun-He Tong 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第1期275-282,共8页
To investigate the evacuation behaviors of pedestrians considering the action of guards and to develop an effective evacuation strategy in an artificial attack, an extended floor field model is proposed. In this model... To investigate the evacuation behaviors of pedestrians considering the action of guards and to develop an effective evacuation strategy in an artificial attack, an extended floor field model is proposed. In this model, the artificial attacker's assault on pedestrians, the death of pedestrians, and the guard's capture are involved simultaneously. An alternative evacuation strategy which can largely reduce the number of casualties is developed and the effects of several key parameters such as the deterrence radius and capture distance on evacuation dynamics are studied. The results show that congestion near the exit has dual effects. More specifically, the guard can catch all attackers in a short time because the artificial attackers have a more concentrated distribution, but more casualties can occur because it is hard for pedestrians to escape the assault due to congestion. In contrast, when pedestrians have more preference of approaching the guard, although the guard will take more time to capture the attackers resulting from the dispersion of the attackers, the death toll will decrease. One of the reasons is the dispersal of the crowd, and the decrease in congestion is beneficial for escape. The other is that the attackers will be caught before launching the attack on the people who are around the guard, in other words, the guard protects a large number of pedestrians from being killed. Moreover, increasing capture distance of the guard can effectively reduce the casualties and the catch time. As the deterrence radius reflecting the tendency of escaping from the guard for attackers rises, it becomes more difficult for the guard to catch the attackers and more casualties are caused. However, when the deterrence radius reaches a certain level, the number of deaths is reduced because the attackers prefer to stay as far away as possible from the guard rather than occupy a position where they could assault more people. 展开更多
关键词 evacuation behavior artificial attack floor field model
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Emergency Evacuation Path Planning of Passenger Ship Based on Cellular Ant Opt imization Model 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 WANG Peiliang ZHANG Ting XIAO Yingjie 《Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science)》 EI 2020年第6期721-726,共6页
Aiming at the problem of emergency evacuation path planning of passenger ships,the cellular ant algorithm is applied to path planning on the basis of the grid map.Firstly,a grid map based on hexagonal cells is establi... Aiming at the problem of emergency evacuation path planning of passenger ships,the cellular ant algorithm is applied to path planning on the basis of the grid map.Firstly,a grid map based on hexagonal cells is established to equalize the moving length between the grids.Then,the static field function is introduced into the optimization design of the heuristic function to make the heuristic function adapt to the hexagonal grid map.Finally,the segmented update rule is applied to pheromone update.In order to verify the feasibility and rationality of the proposed method,the simulation of an exhibition hall in a passenger ship is carried out,and the path planning performed by the cellular ant algorithm and the traditional model is compared.The results show that when the cellular ant algorithm is used to plan the path,it not only accelerates the search speed,but also increases the understanding space,which can effectively avoid falling into the localy optimal solution. 展开更多
关键词 emergency evacuation optimal path cellular ant algorithm
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Disaster-prevention and Evacuation Functions of Urban Green Spaces in Dujiangyan City 认领 引用
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作者 ZHU Chunyan QIAO Zhenglin WANG Yang 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2013年第3期9-11,共3页
In view of disaster-prevention and evacuation functions of urban green spaces, data collection, field investigation and questionnaire survey were integrated to analyze current situation and functions of green spaces i... In view of disaster-prevention and evacuation functions of urban green spaces, data collection, field investigation and questionnaire survey were integrated to analyze current situation and functions of green spaces in Dujiangyan City. Suggestions for enhancing disaster-prevention and evacuation functions of urban green spaces were proposed on the basis of analyzing and summarizing investigation results. 展开更多
关键词 Park green spaces Disaster prevention and evacuation Earthquake Dujiangyan City
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Pedestrian flow through exit:Study focused on evacuation pattern 认领 引用
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作者 张博思 余志红 +2 位作者 孙柏林 郭紫钰 陈默 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期755-764,共10页
Experiments are conducted on the evacuation rate of pedestrians through exits with queued evacuation pattern and random evacuation pattern. The experimental results show that the flow rate of pedestrians is larger wit... Experiments are conducted on the evacuation rate of pedestrians through exits with queued evacuation pattern and random evacuation pattern. The experimental results show that the flow rate of pedestrians is larger with the random evacuation pattern than with the queued evacuation pattern. Therefore, the exit width calculated based on the minimum evacuation clear width for every 100 persons, which is on the assumption that the pedestrians pass through the exit in one queue or several queues, is conservative. The number of people crossing the exit simultaneously is greater in the random evacuation experiments than in the queued evacuation experiments, and the time interval between the front row and rear row of people is shortened in large-exit conditions when pedestrians evacuate randomly. The difference between the flow rate with a queued evacuation pattern and the flow rate with a random evacuation pattern is related to the surplus width of the exit, which is greater than the total width of all accommodated people streams. Two dimensionless quantities are defined to explore this relationship. It is found that the difference in flow rate between the two evacuation patterns is stable at a low level when the surplus width of the exit is no more than 45% of the width of a single pedestrian stream. There is a great difference between the flow rate with the queued evacuation pattern and the flow rate with the random evacuation pattern in a scenario with a larger surplus width of the exit. Meanwhile, the pedestrians crowd extraordinarily at the exit in these conditions as well, since the number of pedestrians who want to evacuate through exit simultaneously greatly exceeds the accommodated level. Therefore, the surplus width of exit should be limited especially in the narrow exit condition, and the relationship between the two dimensionless quantities mentioned above could provide the basis to some extent. 展开更多
关键词 evacuation exit width flow rate queued evacuation pattern random evacuation pattern
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Progress and prospects in crowd safety evacuation research in China 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Xiaowen Shao Ran Ye +3 位作者 Jinghong Wang Jiaojiao Feng Yan Wang Juncheng Jiang 《Emergency Management Science and Technology》 2023年第1期232-251,共20页
China has a population of 1.4 billion,ranking first in the world.With the increase in China's economic development and population,the construction of various types of buildings in China is also increasing,and asso... China has a population of 1.4 billion,ranking first in the world.With the increase in China's economic development and population,the construction of various types of buildings in China is also increasing,and associated safety hazards are gradually increasing.Therefore,it is necessary to study the safe evacuation of people inside and outside the building in emergency situations.In recent years,some scholars have used the traditional statistical method of literature review to analyze the research frontiers in the field of safety evacuation,but few scholars have used bibliometric methods to analyze and review the current situation of research in this field.Therefore,this paper adopts the analysis method combining bibliometrics and traditional literature review to summarize the research status of crowd evacuation published by Chinese scholars in the Web of Science core database,and uses VOSviewer to analyze the authors,institutions,and keywords of the literature search results,so as to identify their research hotspots.The results show that the last three years have been the peak period of crowd evacuation studies,with many disciplines involved in this field and they are closely related,led by the number of papers related to architecture.Simulation,model,behavior,among others,have been the most used keywords in this research field,and the research on path planning and exit selection behavior has also increased significantly.According to the keyword analysis,three hot spots of safety evacuation research,namely large-scale group evacuation,evacuation path planning and evacuation exit selection are analyzed in detail. 展开更多
关键词 Web Science economic development types buildings crowd evacuation bibliometric analysis literature review VOSviewer traditional statistical method
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Location-allocation modeling for emergency evacuation planning with GIS and remote sensing:A case study of Northeast Bangladesh 认领 引用 被引量：11
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作者 Mahfuzur Rahman Ningsheng Chen +8 位作者 MdMonirul Islam Ashraf Dewan Hamid Reza Pourghasemi Rana Muhammad AliWashakh Nirdesh Nepal Shufeng Tian Hamid Faiz Mehtab Alam Naveed Ahmed 《Geoscience Frontiers》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第3期169-185,共17页
This work developed models to identify optimal spatial distribution of emergency evacuation centers(EECs)such as schools,colleges,hospitals,and fire stations to improve flood emergency planning in the Sylhet region of... This work developed models to identify optimal spatial distribution of emergency evacuation centers(EECs)such as schools,colleges,hospitals,and fire stations to improve flood emergency planning in the Sylhet region of northeastern Bangladesh.The use of location-allocation models(LAMs)for evacuation in regard to flood victims is essential to minimize disaster risk.In the first step,flood susceptibility maps were developed using machine learning models(MLMs),including:Levenberg-Marquardt back propagation(LM-BP)neural network and decision trees(DT)and multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)method.Performance of the MLMs and MCDM techniques were assessed considering the area under the receiver operating characteristic(AUROC)curve.Mathematical approaches in a geographic information system(GIS)for four well-known LAM problems affecting emergency rescue time are proposed:maximal covering location problem(MCLP),the maximize attendance(MA),p-median problem(PMP),and the location set covering problem(LSCP).The results showed that existing EECs were not optimally distributed,and that some areas were not adequately served by EECs(i.e.,not all demand points could be reached within a 60-min travel time).We concluded that the proposed models can be used to improve planning of the distribution of EECs,and that application of the models could contribute to reducing human casualties,property losses,and improve emergency operation. 展开更多
关键词 Natural disasters Emergency evacuation centers Flooding Machine learning Multi-criteria decision making Location-allocation model
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