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An Overview of Drag Reduction Methods in Road Cars 认领 引用
1
作者 Umberto Ravelli Silvia Ravelli 《Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing》 EI 2026年第2期1-41,共41页
Aerodynamic research on road cars was reviewed in this work under the thread of reducing drag,with the awareness that this may succeed in effectively decreasing the carbon footprint of transportation.First,a selection... Aerodynamic research on road cars was reviewed in this work under the thread of reducing drag,with the awareness that this may succeed in effectively decreasing the carbon footprint of transportation.First,a selection of studies was presented to focus on the most important aerodynamic features of the flow around realistic car body shapes.Then,the discussion was organized around three pillars related to passive flow control,active flow control and active aerodynamics.Both experimental and numerical investigations were included to provide a comprehensive overview.A clear distinction was made between simplified and realistic car models,as well as production vehicles(within the limits of restricted access information).Moreover,a short essay was dedicated to electric vehicles,for which aerodynamics matters,especially at highway speeds.Last,the impact of aerodynamic principles on the design of current and future vehicle fleet was assessed,honestly admitting that recent market trends must be reversed to turn decarbonization goals into reality and damp the effects of global warming. 展开更多
关键词 Road cars aerodynamics drag coefficient passive flowcontrol active flowcontrol active aerodynamics
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Comparison of aerodynamic characteristics of wing dynamic stall under three typical jets control 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Jianyu GONG Wenqiang PENG +4 位作者 Zhenbing LUO Xiong DENG Yan ZHOU Jianyuan ZHANG Zhijie ZHAO 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第6期287-303,共17页
Aiming at the dynamic stall problem that restricts the improvement of aircraft maneuverability,a new dynamic stall control method based on leading-edge Dual Synthetic Jets(DSJ)is proposed in this paper.The aerodynamic... Aiming at the dynamic stall problem that restricts the improvement of aircraft maneuverability,a new dynamic stall control method based on leading-edge Dual Synthetic Jets(DSJ)is proposed in this paper.The aerodynamic control characteristics and flow field evolution process of steady jet,Synthetic Jet(SJ)and DSJ in dynamic stall flow field are analyzed in detail,and the corresponding control mechanism is revealed.The strong"wall attachment effect"and quasisteady"characteristics of DSJ are found.The results show that the leading-edge jet technology can improve the dynamic stall flow field environment.For the whole pitching process,the average lift coefficients of steady jet,SJ and DSJ increased by 3.65%,10.51%and 14.62%respectively,and the average drag coefficients decreased by 9.58%,29.9%and 32.0%respectively.In the downward phase,the average lift coefficient increased by 16.31%,26.72%and 35.88%respectively,and the average drag coefficient decreased by 26.21%,50.46%and 54.28%respectively.Due to its strong"wall attachment effect"and"quasi-steady"characteristics,DSJ exhibits optimal control effect,showing its application potential in dynamic stall control. 展开更多
关键词 Steady jet Synthetic jet Dual synthetic jets Dynamic stall Unsteadyvortex-lift Flowcontrol
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Dynamic characteristics and application of dual throat fluidic thrust vectoring nozzle 认领 引用 被引量：10
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作者 Buxian XU Dongping HU Lihao FENG 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第9期85-99,共15页
Thrust vectoring technology plays an important role in improving the maneuverability of aircraft.In order to overcome the disadvantages of mechanical thrust vectoring nozzles,such as complications of structure and sig... Thrust vectoring technology plays an important role in improving the maneuverability of aircraft.In order to overcome the disadvantages of mechanical thrust vectoring nozzles,such as complications of structure and significant increases in weight and cost,fluidic thrust vectoring noz-zles are proposed.Dual Throat fluidic thrust vectoring Nozzle(DTN)has received wide attention due to its excellent thrust vectoring efficiency and minimal thrust loss.In this study,three-dimensional unsteady numerical simulations of a single axisymmetric DTN are conducted first to analyze its dynamic response.Then the pitch and yaw control characteristics of DTN equipped on a flying-wing aircraft are investigated.It is found that the dynamic response will experience three stages:rapid-deflecting stage,oscillating stage,and steady stage.A complete recirculation zone forms at the end of the rapid-deflecting stage,which pushes the primary flow to attach to the wall opposite the secondary injection.Meanwhile,the exhaust flow is deflected.In terms of DTN's appli-cation,the DTN equipped on the flying-wing aircraft is capable of providing effective pitch and yaw moments at all angles of attack and Mach numbers.In addition,continuous pitch and yaw moments can be obtained by adjusting the secondary mass flow ratios.The control moment is gen-erated due to the asymmetrical pressure distribution of nozzle surface,which is mainly contributed by the pressure decrease on the secondary injection surface.Moreover,the DTN equipped on the flying-wing aircraft has a relatively high thrust vectoring efficiency of around 5°/%and a thrust coefficient of around 0.95 when nozzle pressure ratio equals 4.These results provide an important theoretical basis for the practical application of DTN. 展开更多
关键词 Dual throat nozzle Dynamic response charac-teristic Flowcontrol Flying-wing aircraft
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Optimal location of interline power flow controller for controlling multi transmission line: A new integrated technique 认领 引用
4
作者 B. KARTHIK I. ALAGARASAN S. CHANDRASEKAR 《Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China》 CSCD 2012年第4期447-458,共12页
In this paper, an interline power flow controller （IPFC） is used for controlling multi transmission lines. However, the optimal placement of IPFC in the transmis-sion line is a major problem. Thus, we use a combinat... In this paper, an interline power flow controller （IPFC） is used for controlling multi transmission lines. However, the optimal placement of IPFC in the transmis-sion line is a major problem. Thus, we use a combination of tabu search （TS） algorithm and artificial neural network （ANN） in the proposed method to find out the best placement locations for IPFC in a given multi transmission line system. TS algorithm is an optimization algorithm and we use it in the proposed method to determine the optimum bus combination using line data. Then, using the optimum bus combination, the neural network is trained to find out the best placement locations for IPFC. Finally, IPFC is connected at the best locations indicated by the neural network. Furthermore, using Newton-Raphson load flow algorithm, the transmission line loss of the IPFC connected bus is analyzed. The proposed methodology is implemen- ted in MATLAB working platform and tested on the IEEE-14 bus system. The output is compared with the genetic algorithm （GA） and general load flow analysis. The results are validated with Levenberg-Marquardt back propagation and gradient descent with momentum network training algorithm. 展开更多
关键词 IEEE-14 bus system interline power flowcontroller （IPFC） tabu search （TS） algorithm artificialneural network （ANN） training algorithm load flow
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