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Influence of functional diversity on aboveground biomass accumulation in subtropical sub montane forests 认领 引用
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作者 Muhammad MAJEED Akash JAMIL +5 位作者 GAO Yongheng Ghulam YASIN Umair YOUNAS Elena PISMENNAYA Ksenia MYACHINA Nasir QADIR 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第3期1136-1146,共11页
Subtropical evergreen sub-montane forests in Punjab,Pakistan,are vital for carbon sequestration and play an essential role in supporting local communities.While the global importance of tree species diversity in enhan... Subtropical evergreen sub-montane forests in Punjab,Pakistan,are vital for carbon sequestration and play an essential role in supporting local communities.While the global importance of tree species diversity in enhancing aboveground carbon(AGC)storage is well established,there remains limited empirical evidence from Pakistan’s forest ecosystems.This study investigated how taxonomic and functional diversity,alongside topographical variables,influence AGC across four districts in Punjab.Taxonomic metrics such as the Importance Value Index(IVI)and genus richness were computed,along with functional diversity indices including functional richness(FRic),functional dispersion(FDis),functional divergence(FDiv),and functional evenness(FEve).AGC was estimated using species-specific allometric equations,and linear mixed-effects models were applied to identify the most influential predictors.Acacia modesta and A.nilotica emerged as the dominant species in the studied sites.While species richness and biomass increased with elevation,Shannon diversity showed a negative relationship with elevation.AGC values ranged from 100 to 350 Mg ha-1across the study sites.Among diversity metrics,FRic(0.042)and FDis(0.342)were significantly associated with higher AGC,whereas taxonomic diversity measures showed weaker correlations.Although elevation was a strong predictor of diversity patterns,it did not have a significant direct effect on carbon storage.These findings underscore the importance of incorporating functional trait diversity and topographic variability into forest management strategies to enhance carbon sequestration,strengthen ecosystem resilience and support sustainable rural livelihoods. 展开更多
关键词 Functional diversity Altitude Aboveground biomass Biodiversity Subtropical forests Carbon storage
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Conversion of subtropical natural forests to plantations reduces ant taxonomic and functional diversity 认领 引用
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作者 WEN Huihui PENG Qingqing +3 位作者 WANG Dingyi YUE Kai NI Xiangyin WU Fuzhong 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第6期2687-2700,共14页
The widespread conversion of natural forests to monoculture plantations poses a major threat to soil biodiversity,yet its impacts on the taxonomic and functional dimensions of keystone species remain poorly understood... The widespread conversion of natural forests to monoculture plantations poses a major threat to soil biodiversity,yet its impacts on the taxonomic and functional dimensions of keystone species remain poorly understood.Focusing on ants,social insects highly sensitive to environmental changes,we investigated their diversity responses to forest conversion in a mountain ecosystem.Using natural forests as a baseline,we quantified shifts in ant community structure in adjacent broadleaved and fir plantations.Forest conversion induced severe biotic homogenization,with a single genus(Pheidole)accounting for 62%–68%of total ant abundance.Conversion to fir plantations,in particular,led to pronounced declines in taxonomic diversity,significantly reducing Shannon–Wiener diversity and Pielou evenness,underscoring the disruptive effects of coniferous monocultures on natural species assemblages.Functional diversity declined even more sharply after conversion.Functional dispersion(FDis)and Rao’s quadratic entropy(RaoQ)decreased by 68%–74%in broadleaved plantations and by 61%–69%in fir plantations,with the strongest reductions observed in summer.Notably,taxonomic and functional diversity declines were decoupled in response to forest conversion.In plantations,ant diversity variation was primarily associated with moisture and substrate quality(lignin and cellulose),whereas in natural forests,it was more closely linked to litter inputs(litter quantity).Our findings demonstrate that forest conversion profoundly compromises both the structural composition and functional organization of ant communities,potentially triggering cascading effects on critical ecosystem processes.To mitigate biodiversity loss in mountain forest ecosystems,management practices should avoid replacing natural forests with monoculture plantations and instead maintain habitat conditions that support both taxonomic and functional diversity of ants. 展开更多
关键词 Subtropical forests Forest conversion Ants Taxonomic diversity Functional diversity
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Yak and Tibetan sheep mixed grazing enhances plant functional diversity in alpine grassland 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Yuzhen Liu Xinquan Zhao +4 位作者 Xiaoxia Yang Wenting Liu Bin Feng Shengnan Sun Quanmin Dong 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2025年第3期936-948,共13页
The response of plant functional diversity to external disturbances not only effectively predicts changes in the ecosystem but it also reflects how plant communities use external environmental resources.However,resear... The response of plant functional diversity to external disturbances not only effectively predicts changes in the ecosystem but it also reflects how plant communities use external environmental resources.However,research on how different herbivore assemblages affect plant functional diversity is limited.Therefore,this study systematically explored the effects of three typical herbivore assemblages(yak grazing,Tibetan sheep grazing,and mixed grazing by yaks and Tibetan sheep)on species richness,plant functional diversity,and soil physicochemical properties in alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China.This study further investigated the primary mechanisms driving the changes in plant functional diversity.The results indicate four key aspects of this system:(1)Grazing significantly enhanced plant functional diversity,particularly when the mixed grazing by yaks and Tibetan sheep was applied at a ratio of 1:2.This ratio showed the most substantial improvement in the functional dispersion index and Rao's quadratic entropy index.(2)Compared to enclosed treatments,grazing increased species richness andβ-diversity,contributing to higher plant functional diversity.(3)Grazing treatments affected various plant traits,such as reducing plant community height and leaf thickness while increasing specific leaf area.However,the impact on plant functional diversity was most pronounced under the mixed grazing by yaks and Tibetan sheep at a ratio of 1:2.(4)Speciesα-diversity was positively correlated with plant functional diversity.Changes in plant functional diversity were primarily regulated by variations in soil physicochemical properties.Specifically,increases in soil available nitrogen significantly promoted changes in plant functional diversity,while increases in soil available potassium and bulk density had a significant inhibitory effect on these changes.Long-term grazing significantly reduced the height of plant communities in alpine meadows,while a balanced mixture of yak and Tibetan sheep grazing,especially at a ratio of 1:2,enhanced plant functional diversity the most.This suggests that,under these conditions,the use of external environmental resources by the plant community is optimized. 展开更多
关键词 alpine grassland adaptive management herbivore assemblages species diversity functional diversity
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Drivers of taxonomic,phylogenetic,and functional diversity of waterbirds in urban wetlands 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Xingmin Chen Yang Zhang +1 位作者 Shuo Zhang Yanping Wang 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2025年第6期801-810,共10页
Urban wetlands are considered as"habitat islands"within the urban matrix that contribute to species conservation.Waterbirds are sensitive pollution indicators in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems,and their ... Urban wetlands are considered as"habitat islands"within the urban matrix that contribute to species conservation.Waterbirds are sensitive pollution indicators in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems,and their diversity in urban wetlands reflects the response of wildlife to urbanization.However,very few studies have investigated seasonal differences in the multidimensional diversity of waterbirds in urbanized landscapes.In this study,we analyzed various wetland parameters that could potentially affect the seasonal variations in multidimensional diversity of waterbirds in Nanjing,China.We surveyed waterbirds in 29 urban wetlands using the point count method during breeding and non-breeding seasons from November 2022 to June 2023.We then employed multiple linear regressions and information-theoretic approaches to investigate the impact of wetland characteristics on waterbird diversity.We found that water body area and buffer zone connectivity consistently emerged as positive factors affecting waterbird taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity across seasons.Conversely,the urbanization synthetic index was negatively correlated with waterbird diversity only during the breeding season.Regarding functional diversity,we found that the positive correlation between buffer zone connectivity and waterbird diversity was specific to the breeding season.Therefore,for effective conservation of waterbird diversity in our system,wetland planning should prioritize expanding wetland water body areas,enhancing wetland connectivity,minimizing human disturbance during the breeding season,and implementing ecological restoration measures in urbanized wetlands to mitigate adverse effects of urbanization. 展开更多
关键词 connectivity functional diversity phylogenetic diversity urban wetland urbanization synthetic index waterbirds
Avian phylogenetic and functional diversity and their influencing factors in urban parks of Nanjing,China 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Qihuan He Xu Jiang +5 位作者 Yinuo Feng Jie Shao Xingchang Yang Xueru Yang Xinwei Tan Yanping Wang 《Avian Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2025年第4期600-609,共10页
The acceleration of global urbanization has caused habitat loss,fragmentation,and decrease of habitat quality,often leading to a decline in biodiversity.However,most previous urbanization studies focused on taxonomic ... The acceleration of global urbanization has caused habitat loss,fragmentation,and decrease of habitat quality,often leading to a decline in biodiversity.However,most previous urbanization studies focused on taxonomic diversity,with relatively less research on functional and phylogenetic diversity.In this study,we examined the phylogenetic and functional diversity and underlying influencing factors of bird communities in 37 urban parks in Nanjing,China.We conducted a systematic survey of bird communities in Nanjing urban parks and selected six park characteristics that are generally considered to affect bird diversity.Model selection based on corrected Akaike Information Criterion(AICc)and model averaging showed that park area,habitat diversity and building index(a proxy for the degree of urbanization)were significant factors affecting avian phylogenetic and functional diversity in Nanjing urban parks.Specifically,habitat diversity and park area were positively correlated with bird diversity,while the building index was negatively correlated with bird diversity.Moreover,the phylogenetic and functional structures of urban bird communities exhibited a clustered pattern,indicating that environmental filtering might play a role in shaping community composition.In addition,building index had certain impact on the construction of bird phylogenetic communities in urban parks.Our results suggest that expanding park areas,increasing habitat diversity and reducing building indexes may be effective measures to increase the avian phylogenetic and functional diversity in our system. 展开更多
关键词 Birds Community construction Functional diversity Phylogenetic diversity Urbanization Urban parks
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Effect of vegetation of transgenic Bt rice lines and their straw amendment on soil enzymes, respiration, functional diversity and community structure of soil microorganisms under field conditions 认领 引用 被引量：22
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作者 Hua Fang Bin Dong +3 位作者 Hu Yan Feifan Wang Baichuan Wang Yunlong Yu 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第7期1259-1269,共11页
With the development of transgenic crops, there is an increasing concern about the possible adverse effects of their vegetation and residues on soil environmental quality. This study was carried out to evaluate the po... With the development of transgenic crops, there is an increasing concern about the possible adverse effects of their vegetation and residues on soil environmental quality. This study was carried out to evaluate the possible effects of the vegetation of transgenic Bt rice lines Huachi B6 （HC） and TT51 （TT） followed by the return of their straw to the soil on soil enzymes （catalase, urease, neutral phosphatase and invertase）, anaerobic respiration activity, microbial utilization of carbon substrates and community structure, under field conditions. The results indicated that the vegetation of the two transgenic rice lines （HC and TT） and return of their straw had few adverse effects on soil enzymes and anaerobic respiration activity compared to their parent and distant parent, although some transient differences were observed. The vegetation and subsequent straw amendment of Bt rice HC and TT did not appear to have a harmful effect on the richness, evenness and community structure of soil microorganisms. No different pattern of impact due to plant species was found between HC and TT. It could be concluded that the vegetation of transgenic Bt rice lines and the return of their straw as organic fertilizer may not alter soil microbe-mediated functions. 展开更多
关键词 anaerobic respiration enzyme activity functional diversity community structure transgenic Bt rice
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Degradation of chlorpyrifos in laboratory soil and its impact on soil microbial functional diversity 认领 引用 被引量：26
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作者 FANG Hua YU Yunlong +3 位作者 CHU Xiaoqiang WANG Xiuguo YANG Xiaoe YU Jingquan 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS 2009年第3期380-386,共7页
Degradation of chlorpyrifos at different concentrations in soil and its impact on soil microbial functional diversity were investigated under laboratory condition. The degradation half-live of chlorpyrifos at levels o... Degradation of chlorpyrifos at different concentrations in soil and its impact on soil microbial functional diversity were investigated under laboratory condition. The degradation half-live of chlorpyrifos at levels of 4, 8, and 12 mg/kg in soil were calculated to be 14.3, 16.7, and 18.0 d, respectively. The Biolog study showed that the average well color development （AWCD） in soils was significantly （P 〈 0.05） inhibited by chlorpyrifos within the first two weeks and thereafter recovered to a similar level as the control. A similar variation in the diversity indices （Simpson index lID and McIntosh index U） was observed, but no significant difference among the values of the Shannon-Wiener index H＇ was found in chlorpyrifos-treated soils. With an increasing chlorpyrifos concentration, the half-life of chlorpyrifos was significantly （P ≤ 0.05） extended and its inhibitory effect on soil microorganisms was aggravated. It is concluded that chlorpyrifos residues in soil had a temporary or short-term inhibitory effect on soil microbial functional diversity. 展开更多
关键词 Biolog chlorpyrifos community-level physiological profile microbial functional diversity
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Soil Fertility,Microbial Biomass,and Microbial Functional Diversity Responses to Four Years Fertilization in an Apple Orchard in North China 认领 引用 被引量：22
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作者 Zhanling Zhu Yan Bai +5 位作者 Minglu Lv Ge Tian Xin Zhang Li Li Yuanmao Jiang Shunfeng Ge 《Horticultural Plant Journal》 SCIE CAS 2020年第4期223-230,共8页
Soil microbial communities play an essential role in maintaining soil fertility and are considered as ecological indicators to evaluate soil health.In the present study,we examined the influence of almost 4 years of f... Soil microbial communities play an essential role in maintaining soil fertility and are considered as ecological indicators to evaluate soil health.In the present study,we examined the influence of almost 4 years of fertilization[no fertilizer(CK),nitrogen alone(N),nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium chemical fertilizer(NPK),organicmanure(M),nitrogen plus organic manure(NM),and NPK plus organic manure(NPKM)]on soil fertility and the functional diversity of soil microbial communities in an apple orchard.Compared to CK,fertilization increased soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,and available nutrients,but reduced soil pH in N and NPK treatments.The highest microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,most probable number of actinomycetes,bacteria,and fungi occurred in the NPKM treatment.The average well color development(AWCD)values followed the order of NPKM>M>NPK and NM>CK and N.The Shannon index in organic manure treatments were significantly higher than in control and in treatments without organic manure.The principal component analysis showed that manure treatment was significantly separated from other treatments.These results indicated that organic manure applied alone or in combination with chemical fertilizers would increase soil fertility and functional diversity of soil microbial communities.Moreover,applying balanced N,P,K fertilizer in combination with organic manure was found to be superior to the use of a single fertilizer in improving soil microbial community quality. 展开更多
关键词 apple orchard fertilization soil fertility soil microbial community functional diversity
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The spatial structure of phylogenetic and functional diversity in the United States and Canada: An example using the sedge family (Cyperaceae) 认领 引用 被引量：11
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作者 Daniel Spalink Jocelyn Pender +6 位作者 Marcial Escudero Andrew L. Hipp Eric H. Roalson Julian R. Starr Marcia J. Waterway Lynn Bohs Kenneth J. Sytsma 《Journal of Systematics and Evolution》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第5期449-465,共17页
Systematically quantifying diversity across landscapes is necessary to understand how clade history and ecological heterogeneity contribute to the origin, distribution, and maintenance of biodiversity. Here, we chart ... Systematically quantifying diversity across landscapes is necessary to understand how clade history and ecological heterogeneity contribute to the origin, distribution, and maintenance of biodiversity. Here, we chart the spatial structure of diversity among all species in the sedge family （Cyperaceae） throughout the USA and Canada. We first identify areas of remarkable species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional trait diversity, and highlight regions of conservation priority. We then test predictions about the spatial structure of this diversity based on the historical biogeography of the family. Incorporating a phylogeny, over 400000 herbarium records, and a database of functional traits mined from online floras, we find that species richness and functional trait diversity peak in the Northeastern USA, while phylogenetic diversity peaks along the Gulf of Mexico. Floristic turnover among assemblages increases significantly with distance, but phylogenetic turnover is twice as rapid along latitudinal gradients as along longitudinal gradients. These patterns reflect the expected distribution of Cyperaceae, which originated in the tropics but radiated in temperate regions. We identify assemblages with an abundance of rare, range-restricted lineages, and assemblages composed of species generally lacking from diverse regions. We argue that both of these metrics are useful for developing targeted conservation strategies. We use the data generated here to establish future research priorities, including the testing of a series of hypotheses regarding the distribution of chromosome numbers, photosynthetic pathways, and resource partitioning in sedges. 展开更多
关键词 beta-diversity biogeography C4 photosynthesis CANAPE chromosome number functional diversity herbarium data phylogenetic bet-diversity phylogenetic diversity
Tolerance of Grasses to Heavy Metals and Microbial Functional Diversity in Soils Contaminated with Copper Mine Tailings 认领 引用 被引量：21
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作者 TENG Ying LUO Yong-Ming +3 位作者 HUANG Chang-Yong LONG Jian LI Zhen-Gao P. CHRISTIE 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS 2008年第3期363-370,共8页
Copper （Cu） mine tailings, because of their high content of heavy metals, are usually hostile to plant colonization. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the tolerance of four forage grasses to heavy metals i... Copper （Cu） mine tailings, because of their high content of heavy metals, are usually hostile to plant colonization. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the tolerance of four forage grasses to heavy metals in Cu mine tailings and to examine the variation in the microbial functional diversity of soils from the tailing sites in southern China. All the four grass species survived on Cu mine tailings and Cu mine tailing-soil mixture. However, on pure mine tailings, the growth was minimal, whereas the growth was maximum for the control without mine tailings. The tolerance of grasses to heavy metals followed the sequence： Paspalum notatum 〉 Festuea arundinaeea 〉 Lolium perenne 〉 Cynodon daetylon. The planting of forage grasses enhanced the soil microbial biomass. The Biolog data indicated that the soil microbial metabolic profile values （average well color development, community richness, and Shannon index） of the four forage grasses also followed the sequence： P. notatum 〉 F. arundinaeea 〉 L. perenne 〉 C. daetylon. Thus, P. notatum, under the experimental conditions of this study, may be considered as the preferred plant species for revegetation of Cu mine tailing areas. 展开更多
关键词 copper mine tailings forage grass heavy metal pollution microbial functional diversity
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Trait variation and functional diversity maintenance of understory herbaceous species coexisting along an elevational gradient in Yulong Mountain,Southwest China 认领 引用 被引量：9
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作者 Yahuang Luo Jie Liu +4 位作者 Shaolin Tan Marc W.Cadotte Kun Xu Lianming Gao Dezhu Li 《Plant Diversity》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2016年第6期303-311,共9页
Characterizing trait variation across different ecological scales in plant communities has been viewed as a way to gain insights into the mechanisms driving species coexistence.However,little is known about how change... Characterizing trait variation across different ecological scales in plant communities has been viewed as a way to gain insights into the mechanisms driving species coexistence.However,little is known about how changes in intraspecific and interspecific traits across sites influence species richness and community assembly,especially in understory herbaceous communities.Here we partitioned the variance of four functional traits(maximum height,leaf thickness,leaf area and specific leaf area)across four nested biological scales:individual,species,plot,and elevation to quantify the scale-dependent distributions of understory herbaceous trait variance.We also integrated the comparison of the trait variance ratios to null models to investigate the effects of different ecological processes on community assembly and functional diversity along a 1200-m elevational gradient in Yulong Mountain.We found interspecific trait variation was the main trait variation component for leaf traits,although intraspecific trait variation ranged from 10% to 28% of total variation.In particular,maximum height exhibited high plasticity,and intraspecific variation accounted for 44% of the total variation.Despite the fact that species composition varied across elevation and species richness decreased dramatically along the elevational gradient,there was little variance at our largest(elevation)scale in leaf traits and functional diversity remained constant along the elevational gradient,indicating that traits responded to smaller scale influences.External filtering was only observed at high elevations.However,strong internal filtering was detected along the entire elevational gradient in understory herbaceous communities,possibly due to competition.Our results provide evidence that species coexistence in understory herbaceous communities might be structured by differential niche-assembled processes.This approach ee integrating different biological scales of trait variation ee may provide a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the structure of communities. 展开更多
关键词 Biological scale Community assembly Functional diversity Intraspecific variation Species richness Trait variance ratio
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Ecological effects of crude oil residues on the functional diversity of soil microorganisms in three weed rhizospheres 认领 引用 被引量：6
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作者 ZHANG Qian-ru ZHOU Qi-xing +2 位作者 REN Li-ping ZHU Yong-guan SUN Shu-lan 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS 2006年第6期1101-1106,共6页
Ecological effects of crude oil residues on weed rhizospheres are still vague. The quantitative and diversity changes and metabolic responses of soil-bacterial communities in common dandelion （Taraxacum officinale）,... Ecological effects of crude oil residues on weed rhizospheres are still vague. The quantitative and diversity changes and metabolic responses of soil-bacterial communities in common dandelion （Taraxacum officinale）, jerusalem artichoke （Silphiurn perfoliatum L.） and evening primrose （A colypha australis L.） rhizospheric soils were thus examined using the method of carbon source utilization. The results indicated that there were various toxic effects of crude oil residues on the growth and reproduction of soil bacteria, but the weed rhizospheres could mitigate the toxic effects. Total heterotrophic counting colony-forming units （CFUs） in the rhizospheric soils were significantly higher than those in the non-rhizospheric soils. The culturable soil-bacterial CFUs in the jerusalem artichoke （S. perfoliatum） rhizosphere polluted with 0.50 kg/pot of crude oil residues were almost twice as much as those with 0.25 kg/pot and without the addition of crude oil residues. The addition of crude oil residues increased the difference in substrate evenness, substrate richness, and substrate diversity between non-rhizospheric and rhizospheric soils of T. officinale and A. australis, but there was no significant （p〉0.05） difference in the Shannon＇s diversity index between non-rhizospheric and rhizospheric soils of S. perfoliatum. The rhizospheric response of weed species to crude oil residues suggested that S. perfoliatum may be a potential weed species for the effective plant-microorganism bioremediation of contaminated soils by crude oil residues. 展开更多
关键词 ecological effect weed rhizosphere crude oil residue soil microorganism functional diversity
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Elevational patterns of functional diversity and trait of Delphinium(Ranunculaceae)in Hengduan Mountains,China 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Li-Shen Qian Hong-Hua Shi +1 位作者 Xiao-Kun Ou Hang Sun 《Plant Diversity》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第1期20-29,共10页
Elevational patterns of trait occurrence and functional diversity provide an important perspective for understanding biodiversity.However,previous studies have mostly examined functional diversity at the community sca... Elevational patterns of trait occurrence and functional diversity provide an important perspective for understanding biodiversity.However,previous studies have mostly examined functional diversity at the community scale.Here,we examined large-scale patterns of trait occurrence and functional diversity in Delphinium along an elevational gradient from 1000 to 5700 m in the Hengduan Mountains,SW China.Elevational distribution and trait data of 102 Delphinium species were compiled to evaluate the patterns of interspecific traits,species richness,and functional diversity.We found that the distribution of species richness showed a unimodal curve that peaked between 3500 and 4000 m;functional diversity and traits showed different patterns along an elevational gradient The functional diversity increased at a lower rate along an elevation gradient,whereas species richness continued to increase.Species with large ranges and non-endemic species were most affected by geometric constraints.Richness of species endemic to the Hengduan Mountains peaked at higher elevations,likely due to increased speciation and restricted dispersion under alpine conditions.We conclude that the middle elevation region is not only the functionally richest but also the most functionally stable region for Delphinium,which could be insurance against environmental change.Extreme conditions and strong environmental filters in an alpine environment may cause the convergence of species traits,which could relate to reducing nutrient trait investment and increasing reproductive trait investment.We conclude that large-scale studies are consistent with previous studies at the community scale.This may indicate that the relationship between functional diversity and species richness across different scales is the same. 展开更多
关键词 Elevational gradients Species richness Functional diversity Hengduan mountains
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Impact of fluxapyroxad on the microbial community structure and functional diversity in the silty-loam soil 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 WU Xiao-hu XU Jun +4 位作者 LIU Yong-zhuo DONG Feng-shou LIU Xin-gang ZHANG Wen-wen ZHENG Yong-quan 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第1期114-124,共11页
The aim of this work was to assess the effect of applying three different doses of fluxapyroxad on microbial activity, community structure and functional diversity as measured by respiration, microbial biomass C, phos... The aim of this work was to assess the effect of applying three different doses of fluxapyroxad on microbial activity, community structure and functional diversity as measured by respiration, microbial biomass C, phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） and community-level physiological profiles （CLPPs）. Our results demonstrated that substrate-induced respiration （on day 15） and microbial biomass C （on days 7 and 15） were inhibited by fiuxapyroxad, but stimulation was observed thereafter. In contrast, fluxapyroxad addition increased the basal respiration and metabolic quotients （qCO2） and respiratory quotients （QR）. Analysis of the PLFA profiles revealed that the total and bacterial biomass （both Gram-positive bacteria （GP） and Gram-negative bacteria （GN）） were decreased within the initial 15 days, whereas those as well as the GN/GP ratio were increased at days 30 and 60. Fluxapyroxad input decreased the fungi biomass but increased the bacteria/fungi ratio at all incubation time. Moreover, high fluxapyroxad input （75 mg fluxapyroxad kg-1 soil dry weight） increased the microbial stress level. A principal component analysis （PCA） of the PLFAs revealed that fluxapyroxad treatment significantly shifted the microbial community structure, but all of the observed effects were transient. Biolog results showed that average well color development （AWCD） and functional diversity index （H′） were increased only on day 60. In addition, the dissipation of fluxa- pyroxad was slow in soil, and the degradation half-lives varied from 158 to 385 days depending on the concentration tested. 展开更多
关键词 fluxapyroxad microbial activity community structure functional diversity
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Changes in Transformation of Soil Organic C and Functional Diversity of Soil Microbial Community Under Different Land Uses 认领 引用 被引量：24
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作者 LI Zhong-pei WU Xiao-chen CHEN Bi-yun 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 2007年第10期1235-1245,共11页
Changes in soil biological and biochemical properties under different land uses in the subtropical region of China were investigated in order to develop rational cultivation and fertilization management. A small water... Changes in soil biological and biochemical properties under different land uses in the subtropical region of China were investigated in order to develop rational cultivation and fertilization management. A small watershed of subtropical region of China was selected for this study. Land uses covered paddy fields, vegetable farming, fruit trees, upland crops, bamboo stands, and forestry. Soil biological and biochemical properties included soil organic C and nutrient contents, mineralization of soil organic C, and soil microbial biomass and community functional diversity. Soil organic C and total N contents, microbial biomass C and N, and respiration intensity under different land uses were changed in the following order： paddy fields （and vegetable farming） 〉 bamboo stands 〉 fruit trccs （and upland）. The top surface （0-15 cm） paddy fields （and vegetable farming） were 76.4 and 80.8% higher in soil organic C and total N contents than fruit trees （and upland） soils, respectively. Subsurface paddy soils （15-30 cm） were 59.8 and 67.3% higher in organic C and total N than upland soils, respectively. Soil microbial C, N and respiration intensity in paddy soils （0-15 cm） were 6.36, 3.63 and 3.20 times those in fruit tree （and upland） soils respectively. Soil microbial metabolic quotient was in the order： fruit trees （and upland） 〉 forestry 〉 paddy fields. Metabolic quotient in paddy soils was only 47.7% of that in fruit tree （and upland） soils. Rates of soil organic C mineralization during incubation changed in the order： paddy fields 〉 bamboo stands 〉 fruit trees （and upland） and soil bacteria population： paddy fields 〉 fruit trees （and upland） 〉 forestry. No significant difference was found for fungi and actinomycetes populations. BIOLOG analysis indicated a changing order of paddy fields 〉 fruit trees （and upland） 〉 forestry in values of the average well cell development （AWCD） and functional diversity indexes of microbial community. Results also showed that the conversion from paddy fields to vegetable farming for 5 years resulted in a dramatic increase in soil available phosphorus content while insignificant changes in soil organic C and total N content due to a large inputs of phosphate fertilizers. This conversion caused 53, 41.5, and 41.3% decreases in soil microbial biomass C, N, and respiration intensity, respectively, while 23.6% increase in metabolic quotient and a decrease in soil organic C mineralization rate. Moreover, soil bacteria and actinomycetes populations were increased slightly, while fungi population increased dramatically. Functional diversity indexes of soil microbial community decreased significantly. It was concluded that land uses in the subtropical region of China strongly affected soil biological and biochemical properties. Soil organic C and nutrient contents, mineralization of organic C and functional diversity of microbial community in paddy fields were higher than those in upland and forestry. Overuse of chemical fertilizers in paddy fields with high fertility might degrade soil biological properties and biochemical function, resulting in deterioration of soil biological quality. 展开更多
关键词 land use patterns transformation of soil organic carbon functional diversity of soil microbial community
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Functional diversity of Cercidiphyllum japonicum, communities in the Shennongjia Reserve, central China 认领 引用 被引量：11
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作者 Jintun Zhang Bin Zhang Zhiying Qian 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第1期171-177,共7页
Functional diversity is significant to ecological processes of plant communities. We analyzed the variation of functional diversity of endangered species, Cercidiphyllum japonicum, communities along an elevational gra... Functional diversity is significant to ecological processes of plant communities. We analyzed the variation of functional diversity of endangered species, Cercidiphyllum japonicum, communities along an elevational gradient in the Shennongjia Reserve, central China. Sixty plots of 10 9 20 m from 1,350 to 2,050 m were set up and species composition, traits and environmental variables were measured and recorded. These data were analyzed using five functional diversity indices, functional attribute diversity, modified functional attribute diversity, plot based functional diversity, community based functional diversity and Rao＇s functional diversity indices（Rao＇s index）,Functional diversities of C. japonicum communities were rich and varied greatly. Functional diversity declined nonlinearly with increasing elevation. Functional diversity was significantly correlated with species richness and heterogeneity. Elevation was a key environmental variable influencing functional diversity and species diversity. The five functional diversity indices were all effective for measuring functional diversity of communities. Functional diversity can be used as an indicator of conservation efficiency of endangered species such as C. japonicum. 展开更多
关键词 Endangered species Functional trait Functional diversity Environmental gradient Conservation
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Metabolic Characteristics and Functional Diversity of Carbon Source in Microflora of Ponds with Recirculating Aquaculture System 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 李谷 宋景华 +3 位作者 李晓莉 张世羊 陶玲 张春雪 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2014年第2期278-282,299,共5页
With Biolog Eco microplate, metabolic characteristics and functional diver-sity of carbon source in microflora of ponds were researched based on recitculating ponds and control ponds in order to explore effects of eco... With Biolog Eco microplate, metabolic characteristics and functional diver-sity of carbon source in microflora of ponds were researched based on recitculating ponds and control ponds in order to explore effects of eco-adjustments on microflo-ra in ponds. The results indicate that total number of bacterium, microbial metabolism activity, and diversity index in P7, P8, P1 and P2 kept higher, fol owed by P3, P4, P5 and P6. The utilization rate of microbes on sugars achieved the highest （31.0%-48.7%）, fol owed by carboxylic acid （13.4%-18.0%）, amino acid （10.1%-20.5%）, polymers （9.4%-17.0%）, biopolymer （5.7%-9.7%） and phenol （4.95%-7.50%）. Principal component analysis divided microflora in different ponds, suggesting that microbial community has varied carbon source characteristics and nitrogen-containing compound and biopolymer metabolisms are most affected. 展开更多
关键词 Aquaculture pond Microbe -Metabolic characteristics of carbon source Functional diversity
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Effects of Winter Cover Crop and Straw Returning on the Functional Diversity of Rhizosphere Microflora in Double-crop Rice Paddies 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 TANG Hai-ming XIAO Xiao-ping +7 位作者 LI Chao TANG Wen-guang GUO Li-jun WANG Ke SUN Yu-tao CHENG Kai-kai SUN Geng PAN Xiao-chen 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2018年第5期1-11,共11页
The functional diversity of rhizosphere microflora which is also known as the “microbial community” is a sensitive indicator of soil quality subject to the type of winter cover crop and straw returning.In order to e... The functional diversity of rhizosphere microflora which is also known as the “microbial community” is a sensitive indicator of soil quality subject to the type of winter cover crop and straw returning.In order to evaluate the effects of different winter cover crops and returning patterns on the functional diversity of rhizosphere microflora in double-crop rice paddies,we designed five winter cover crops and straw returning combinations to analyze their effects on the functional diversity of rhizosphere microflora in rice paddies: ryegrass (Lolium multiflorumL.)–double-crop rice (Ry),milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.)–double-crop rice (Mv),Rape (Brassica napus L.)–Double-crop rice (Ra), Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)–double-crop rice (Po),and winter fallow–doublecrop rice (CK,the control).In this paper,the average well color development (AWCD) in Biolog-GN plates indicated the capacity for carbon utilization by the rhizosphere microbial community.We analyzed the rhizosphere microbial community functional diversity of the paddy soils with the above five treatments by using the Biolog-GN system.The results showed that applications of winter cover crop and straw returning caused high increases in AWCD compared with CK,and the AWCD values for samples with Po treatment was greater than those with Ry and CK treatments at the early and late rice maturity stages. It was concluded that applications of winter cover crop and straw returning can cause changes in the carbon utilization efficiency of rhizosphere microflora.There were differences in the genetic diversity of the rhizosphere microflora among different treatments at the maturity stage of early and late rice.The richness,Shannon,and McIntosh Index under different winter cover crop and straw returning treatments were significantly different.The highest indexes were observed in the Po treatment and the lowest in the CK at the maturity stage of early and late rice.The richness, Shannon,and McIntosh Index under different treatments ranked in descending order is as follows: Po>Ra>Mv>Ry>CK.Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of substrate reactions were conducted in this research.The results indicated that the pattern of carbon source utilization varied with winter cover crop treatments,and that carbohydrates and amino acids were the main carbon sources of rhizosphere microorganisms.To conclude,the application of winter cover crop and straw returning to paddy fields could significantly increase the carbon source utilization, species richness,and species evenness of rhizosphere microflora in double-crop rice paddies. 展开更多
关键词 Rice Winter cover crop Double-croppaddies Rhizosphere soil Functional diversity of microflora
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Patterns of species diversity and functional diversity of breeding birds in Hangzhou across an urbanization gradient 认领 引用 被引量：7
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作者 李鹏 丁平 +2 位作者 Kenneth J.FEELEY 张竞成 蒋萍萍 《Chinese Birds》 2010年第1期1-8,共8页
Given the rapid rise in human population and increasing urbanization,it is important to understand their potential impacts on biodiversity.From March 2007 to August 2007,we conducted bird surveys in 90 strip transects... Given the rapid rise in human population and increasing urbanization,it is important to understand their potential impacts on biodiversity.From March 2007 to August 2007,we conducted bird surveys in 90 strip transects,each 3 km long and 100 m wide,along a gradient of urbanization in Hangzhou,China.This gradient spanned a range of urbanization levels including urban areas,rural-urban continuum areas,farming areas,mixed forest/farming areas and forested areas.We recorded 96 breeding bird species and classified them into nine functional groups based on nesting requirements.The nine functional groups consisted of canopy nesters,shrub nesters,canopy/shrub nesters,natural cavity nesters,building nesters,natural cavity/building nesters,ground nesters,water surface nesters and parasitic nesters.Species and functional diversities were estimated based on the Shannon-Wiener index.Environmental data of each transect as human disturbance,vegetation cover and building index were also measured,and a synthetic urbanization index of each transect was introduced based on these data.We used regression analyses to model the relationship of species abundance,species diversity,functional abundance and functional diversity with this synthetic index.The results show that urbanization significantly reduces species richness,species diversity,functional richness and functional diversity,but the specific patterns differed.The relationship between species abundance/species diversity and urbanization is linear.In contrast,the relationship between functional diversity and urbanization was quadratic.In other words,with increased urbanization,functional diversity declined only slightly at first but then dropped at an accelerating rate.This implies that,although moderate urbanization reduces species diversity of breeding birds,it affects functional diversity of breeding birds only slightly in Hangzhou.The regression analysis of species diversity and functional diversity suggests a quadratic relationship between species diversity and functional diversity,i.e.,a linear relationship between species diversity and functional diversity can only exist at low diversity levels across urbanization gradients and increasing species abundance does not lead to an increase in functional diversity at the highest diversity levels. 展开更多
关键词 urbanization breeding bird community species diversity functional diversity Hangzhou
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Effect of Long-Term Application of Chemical Fertilizers on Microbial Biomass and Functional Diversity of a Black Soil 认领 引用 被引量：25
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作者 KONG Wei-Dong ZHU Yong-Guan +3 位作者 FU Bo-Jie HAN Xiao-Zeng ZHANG Lei HE Ji-Zheng 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS 2008年第6期801-808,共8页
An experiment with seven N, P, K-fertilizer treatments, i.e., control (no fertilizer), NP, NK, PK, NPK, NP2K, and NPK2 where P2 and K2 indicate double amounts of P and K fertilizers respectively, was conducted to exam... An experiment with seven N, P, K-fertilizer treatments, i.e., control (no fertilizer), NP, NK, PK, NPK, NP2K, and NPK2 where P2 and K2 indicate double amounts of P and K fertilizers respectively, was conducted to examine the effect of long-term continuous application of chemical fertilizers on microbial biomass and functional diversity of a black soil (Udoll in the USDA Soil Taxonomy) in Northeast China. The soil microbial biomass C ranged between 94 and 145 mg kg-1, with the NK treatment showing a lower biomass; the functional diversity of soil microbial community ranged from 4.13 to 4.25, with an increasing tendency from control to double-fertilizer treatments, and to triple-fertilizer treatments. The soil microbial biomass, and the microbial functional diversity and evenness did not show any significant differences among the different fertilizer treatments including control, suggesting that the long-term application of chemical fertilization would not result in significant changes in the microbial characteristics of the black soil. 展开更多
关键词 Biolog black soil chemical fertilizer microbial biomass microbial functional diversity
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