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Interpretable model based on multisequence magnetic resonance imaging radiomics for predicting the pathological grades of hepatocellular carcinomas 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Yue Shi Peng Zhang +4 位作者 Li Li Hui-Min Yang Zu-Mao Li Jing Zheng Lin Yang 《World Journal of Radiology》 2025年第12期42-55,共14页
BACKGROUND Despite the promising prospects of using artificial intelligence and machine learning(ML)for disease classification and prediction purposes,the complexity and lack of explainability of this method make it d... BACKGROUND Despite the promising prospects of using artificial intelligence and machine learning(ML)for disease classification and prediction purposes,the complexity and lack of explainability of this method make it difficult to apply the constructed models in clinical practice.We developed and validated an interpretable ML model based on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)radiomics and clinical features for the preoperative prediction of the pathological grades of hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs).This model will help clinicians better understand the situation and develop personalized treatment plans.AIM To develop and validate an interpretable ML model for preoperative pathological grade prediction in HCC patients via a combination of multisequence MRI radiomics and clinical features.METHODS MRI and clinical data derived from 125 patients with HCCs confirmed by postoperative pathological examinations were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were randomly split into training and validation groups(7:3 ratio).Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent clinical predictors.The tumor lesions observed on axial fatsuppressed T2-weighted imaging(FS-T2WI),arterial phase(AP),and portal venous phase(PVP)images were delineated in a slice-by-slice manner using 3D-slicer to generate volumetric regions of interest,and radiomic features were extracted.Interclass correlation coefficients were calculated,and least absolute selection and shrinkage operator regression were conducted for feature selection purposes.Six predictive models were subsequently developed for pathological grade prediction:FS-T2WI,AP,PVP,integrated radiomics,clinical,and combined radiomics-clinical(RC)models.The effectiveness of these models was assessed by calculating their area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)values.The clinical applicability of the models was evaluated via decision curve analysis.Finally,the contributions of the different features contained in the model with optimal performance were interpreted via a SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis.RESULTS Among the 125 patients,87 were assigned to the training group,and 38 were assigned to the validation group.The maximum tumor diameter,hepatitis B virus status,and monocyte count were identified as independent predictors of pathological grade.Twelve optimal radiomic features were ultimately selected.The AUC values obtained for the FS-T2WI model,AP model,PVP model,radiomics model,clinical model,and combined RC model in the training group were 0.761[95%confidence interval(CI):0.562-0.857],0.870(95%CI:0.714-0.918),0.868(95%CI:0.714-0.959),0.917(95%CI:0.857-0.959),0.869(95%CI:0.643-0.973),and 0.941(95%CI:0.857-0.945),respectively;in the validation group,the AUC values were 0.724(95%CI:0.625-0.833),0.802(95%CI:0.686-1.000),0.797(95%CI:0.688-1.000),0.901(95%CI:0.833-0.906),0.865(95%CI:0.594-1.000),and 0.932(95%CI:0.812-1.000),respectively.The combined RC model demonstrated the best performance.Additionally,the decision curve analysis revealed that the combined RC model had satisfactory prediction efficiency,and the SHapley Additive exPlanations value analysis revealed that the“FS-T2WI-wavelet-HLL_gldm_Large Dependence High Gray Level Emphasis”feature contributed the most to the model,exhibiting a positive effect.CONCLUSION An interpretable ML model based on MRI radiomics provides a noninvasive tool for predicting the pathological grade of HCCs,which will help clinicians develop personalized treatment plans. 展开更多
关键词 Machine learning SHapley Additive exPlanations algorithms Radiomic model Hepatocellular carcinoma Magnetic resonance imaging Pathological grading Inflammatory markers
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Research on the Implementation Strategies of Chemistry Science Popularization for Lower Grades in Primary Schools 认领 引用
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作者 Yaping He 《Journal of Contemporary Educational Research》 2025年第10期141-148,共8页
Chemistry science popularization for lower grades(Grades 1-2)in primary schools is an important part of science enlightenment education.However,in practice,it generally faces practical dilemmas such as insufficient co... Chemistry science popularization for lower grades(Grades 1-2)in primary schools is an important part of science enlightenment education.However,in practice,it generally faces practical dilemmas such as insufficient content adaptability,a single implementation method,and a lack of coordination mechanisms.Based on Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory and the STSE(Science,Technology,Society,Environment)educational concept,this study constructed a four-in-one strategy system of“content development-teaching implementation-collaborative linkage-guarantee support”through literature analysis,action research,and empirical comparison.An empirical study was conducted in two primary schools for one academic year.The results show that this strategy system can increase students’interest in participating in chemistry science popularization by 42 percentage points,the compliance rate of observation ability reaches 85%,and the collaborative participation of families,schools,and society rises to 85%.The core strategies formed in the study,including“age-appropriate content screening,interactive teaching implementation,three-dimensional collaborative promotion,and full-process guarantee support,”provide a replicable practical model for the standardized and efficient development of chemistry science popularization for lower grades in primary schools.They also offer empirical references for fulfilling the requirement of“strengthening the pertinence and effectiveness of science popularization”in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Popularization of Science and Technology(revised in 2024). 展开更多
关键词 Lower grades in primary schools Chemistry science popularization Implementation strategies Science enlightenment Collaborative education
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Characterization and comparison of the aroma-active compounds on different grades of sesame-flavor Baijiu by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry 认领 引用 被引量：22
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作者 Dan Qin Jiawen Duan +4 位作者 Hehe Li Fuping Zheng Huan Cheng Xingqian Ye Baoguo Sun 《Food Science and Human Wellness》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第1期79-88,共10页
This study investigated the aroma-active compounds and compared the differences of three different grades of sesame-flavor Baijiu by headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME)coupled with gas chromatography-olfact... This study investigated the aroma-active compounds and compared the differences of three different grades of sesame-flavor Baijiu by headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME)coupled with gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry(GC-O-MS).A total of 54 aroma-active compounds were detected.Principal component analysis showed that JZ1,JZ2,and JZ3 were well separated from each other.JZ1 as the premium-grade Baijiu had the highest aroma intensities,concentrations.According to aroma intensities and concentrations,dimethyl trisulfide,butanoic acid,phenylacetaldehyde,2-furylmethanethiol,ethyl hexanoate,2,6-dimethylpyrazine,etc.could be potentially applied as volatile makers to distinguish the three different grades of sesame-flavor Baijiu as their significant difference(P<0.05)in three Baijiu samples.Roasted aroma had the significant difference(P<0.05)in three sample base on aroma profiles.Meanwhile,2-furylmethanethiol,2,6-dimethylpyrazine were related to the roasted aroma,they may be had a significant contribution to the differences of three different grades of sesame-flavor Baijiu.This study has provided a comprehensive understanding of the differences of three different grades of sesame-flavor Baijiu. 展开更多
关键词 Sesame-flavor Baijiu Baijiu grades Sensory evaluation Principal component analysis 2-Furylmethanethiol
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Effects of PM2.5 Exposure in Different Air Quality Grades on Daily Outpatient Visits for Childhood Asthma in Shijiazhuang, China 认领 引用 被引量：8
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作者 FU Gui Qin JIANG Yan Feng +4 位作者 LIU Lan Ping LIU Hua Yue ZHOU Ji CUI Xiao Wei WANG Shi Gong 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第12期888-892,共5页
Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disorder that is more prevalent in children than in adults.China has seen an increasing prevalence of childhood asthma in recentdecades[1].Earlier studies have shown that air pa... Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disorder that is more prevalent in children than in adults.China has seen an increasing prevalence of childhood asthma in recentdecades[1].Earlier studies have shown that air particulate matter (PM),particularly fine particulate matter(PM2.5)[2],is an important factor triggering childhood asthma. Since nationalPM2.5data were nota vailabl euntil 2013, 展开更多
关键词 Effects of PM China Exposure in Different Air Quality Grades on Daily Outpatient Visits for Childhood Asthma in Shijiazhuang
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Trends in the Different Grades of Precipitation over South China during 1960–2010 and the Possible Link with Anthropogenic Aerosols 认领 引用 被引量：12
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作者 FU Chuanbo DAN Li 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第2期480-491,共12页
Using observed daily precipitation data to classify five levels of rainy days by strength in South China （SC）,with an emphasis on the Pearl River Delta （PRD） region,the spatiotemporal variation of different grades... Using observed daily precipitation data to classify five levels of rainy days by strength in South China （SC）,with an emphasis on the Pearl River Delta （PRD） region,the spatiotemporal variation of different grades of precipitation during the period 1960-2010 was analyzed and the possible link with anthropogenic aerosols examined.Statistical analysis showed that drizzle and small precipitation has significantly decreased,whereas medium to heavy precipitation has increased slightly over the past 50 years （although not statistically significant）.Further data analysis suggested that the decline in drizzle and small precipitation probably has a strong link to increased concentrations of anthropogenic aerosols produced by large-scale human activities related to the rapid socioeconomic development of the PRD region.These aerosols may also have led to the obvious decreasing trend in horizontal visibility and sunshine duration in SC,which is statistically significant according to the t-test. 展开更多
关键词 precipitation grades rainy days horizontal visibility sunshine duration anthropogenic aerosols
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Optimization of Shanghai Marine Environmental Monitoring Sites in the Identification of Boundaries of Different Water Quality Grades 认领 引用
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作者 FAN Haimei GAO Bingbo +4 位作者 WANG Jinfeng QIN Xiaoguang LIU Pengxia HU Maogui XU Peng 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第4期846-854,共9页
Water quality is critical to ensure that marine resources and the environment are utilized in a sustainable manner. The objective of this study is therefore to investigate the optimum placement of marine environmental... Water quality is critical to ensure that marine resources and the environment are utilized in a sustainable manner. The objective of this study is therefore to investigate the optimum placement of marine environmental monitoring sites to monitor water quality in Shanghai, China. To improve the mapping or estimation accuracy of the areas with different water quality grades, the monitoring sites were fixed in transition bands between areas of different grades rather than in other positions. Following bidirectional optimization method, first, 18 candidate sites were selected by filtering out specific site categories. Second, three of these were, in turn, eliminated because of the rule defined by the changes in the areas of water quality grades and by the standard deviation of the interpolation errors of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) and phosphate(PO_4-P). Furthermore, indicator kriging was employed to depict the transition bands between different water quality grades whenever new sampling sites were added. The four optimization projects of the newly added sites reveal that, all optimized sites were distributed in the transition bands of different water grades, and at the same time in the areas where the historical sites were sparsely distributed. New sites were also found in the overlap region of different transition bands. Additional sites were especially required in these regions to discriminate the boundaries of different water quality grades. Using the bidirectional optimization method of the monitoring sites, the boundaries of different water quality grades could be determined with a higher precision. As a result, the interpolation errors of DIN and PO_4-P could theoretically decrease. 展开更多
关键词 bidirectional optimization method boundaries of water quality grades Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent areas transition bands indicator kriging
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Effect of copper slag recovery on hydrometallurgical cut-off grades considering environmental aspects 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 AFSHIN AKBARI ESMAEIL RAHIMI 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第4期798-807,共10页
Determining the hydrometallurgical cut-off grades specifies the destination of low grade materials and this is subjected to more benefits in mining. Copper production rate is considered as one of the fundamental issue... Determining the hydrometallurgical cut-off grades specifies the destination of low grade materials and this is subjected to more benefits in mining. Copper production rate is considered as one of the fundamental issues in hydrometallurgical cut-off grades determination. Slags are remarked as one of the main sources of copper. It is not only regarded as a waste but also identified as another resource extracting base metals. Slags are characterized by copper high grade. Thus, slag copper recovery can be led to different cut-off grades and net present value(NPV). The current research scrutinizes the effect of slag recovery by both flotation and hydrometallurgical methods on the hydrometallurgical cut-off grades. For this purpose, the optimum cut-off grade algorithms of hydrometallurgical methods are developed by considering associated environmental parameters, incomes and also the costs. Then, their optimum amounts are calculated with NPV maximization as an objective function. The results indicate that considering slag copper recovery in the hydrometallurgical cut-off grade algorithms reduces the environmental costs caused by slag dumping and leads to more NPV by 9%. 展开更多
关键词 hydrometallurgy cut-off grades low grade materials waste floatation slag copper recovery environmental parameters slag dumping NPV maximization
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Reconstruction of the Rainfall in Rainy Season Based on Historical Drought/Flood Grades 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 熊安元 吴宜进 蔡述明 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS 1999年第1期149-155,共7页
On the basis of historical yearly drought and flood grades from A.D.1470 to A.D.1949, the ten-year mean precipitation in the rainy season in Wuhan district was reconstructed by means of statistical method. The reconst... On the basis of historical yearly drought and flood grades from A.D.1470 to A.D.1949, the ten-year mean precipitation in the rainy season in Wuhan district was reconstructed by means of statistical method. The reconstructing method was testified to be simple and effective. 展开更多
关键词 Drought/Flood grades Reconstruction Rainfall
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Tumor regression grades:Potential outcome predictor of locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma after preoperative radiotherapy 认领 引用 被引量：10
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作者 Yi-Fan Peng Wei-Dong Yu +5 位作者 Hong-Da Pan Lin Wang Ming Li Yun-Feng Yao Jun Zhao Jin Gu 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2015年第6期1851-1856,共6页
AIM:To analyze tumor regression grade(TRG)for prognosis of locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma(LARA)treated with preoperative radiotherapy.METHODS:One hundred and ninety patients with clinical stageⅡ/ⅢLARA were s... AIM:To analyze tumor regression grade(TRG)for prognosis of locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma(LARA)treated with preoperative radiotherapy.METHODS:One hundred and ninety patients with clinical stageⅡ/ⅢLARA were studied.All patients underwent radical surgery(between 2004 and 2010)after 30-Gy/10-fraction preoperative radiotherapy(preRT).All 190 patients received a short course of preRT and were reassessed for disease recurrence and survival;the slides of surgical specimens were reviewed and classified according to Mandard TRG.We compared patients with good response(Mandard TRG1 or TRG2)vs patients with bad/poor response(Mandard TRG3-5).Outcomes evaluated were 5-year overall survival(OS),5-year disease-free survival(DFS),and local,distant and mixed recurrence.Fisher’s exact test orχ2 test,logrank test and proportional hazards regression analysis were used to calculate the probability that Mandard TRG was associated with patient outcomes.RESULTS:One hundred and sixty-six of 190 patients(87.4%)were identified as Mandard bad responders(TRG3-5).High Mandard grade was correlated with tumor height(41.7%<6 cm vs 58.3%≥6 cm,P=0.050),yp T stage(75%yp T0-2 vs 25%yp T3-4,P=0.000),and yp N stage(75%yp N0 vs 25%yp N1,P=0.031).In univariate survival analysis,Mandard grade bad responders had significantly worse OS and DFSthan good responders(TRG1/2)(OS,83.1%vs 96.4%,P=0.000;DFS,72.3%vs 92.0%,P=0.002).In multivariate survival analysis,Mandard bad responders had significantly worse DFS than Mandard good responders(DFS 3.8 years(95%CI:1.2-12.2 years,P=0.026).CONCLUSION:Mandard grade good responders had a favorable prognosis.TRG may be a potential predictor for DFS in LARA after pre-RT. 展开更多
关键词 Tumor regression grade Preoperative radiotherapy R
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Evaluation of umami taste components of mushroom (Suillus granulatus) of different grades prepared by different drying methods 认领 引用 被引量：11
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作者 Xiuhong Zhao Yunyun Wei +2 位作者 Xue Gong Heran Xu Guang Xin 《Food Science and Human Wellness》 SCIE CAS 2020年第2期192-198,共7页
Suillus granulatus is a valuable wild edible mushroom with a strong umami taste.Different grades of S.granulatus were dried by different methods,including natural air drying(ND),hot air drying(HAD),vacuum drying(VD),a... Suillus granulatus is a valuable wild edible mushroom with a strong umami taste.Different grades of S.granulatus were dried by different methods,including natural air drying(ND),hot air drying(HAD),vacuum drying(VD),and freeze drying(FD).Results showed that VD samples of all grades had the highest equivalent umami concentration(EUC)value(P<0.05).The second grade of ND samples showed the highest EUC value(P<0.05).The first grade of HAD samples showed the highest EUC value(P<0.05).The third grade of FD samples showed the highest EUC value(P<0.05).The third grade of VD samples had a higher EUC value than the other grades of samples dried by VD.Electronic tongue results indicated no significant differences between samples of all grades dried by all methods.Thus,umami taste components are affected by drying method and grade.VD is an appropriate drying method for all sample grades.ND,HAD,and FD are suitable for second-,first-,and third-grade samples,respectively. 展开更多
关键词 Suillus granulatus drying methods grade umami taste components
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Annual Monitoring and Evaluation of the Grades of Arable Land Quality——Taking Lingchuan County as an Example 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 全坚 谭咪 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2017年第6期1112-1119,共8页
With the increasing requirement for the protection of arable land, monitor- ing the grades of arable land quality is becoming more important, which can accu- rately and fully reflect the current situation and developm... With the increasing requirement for the protection of arable land, monitor- ing the grades of arable land quality is becoming more important, which can accu- rately and fully reflect the current situation and development trends of arable land quality. It is also an important measure for protecting the quality of arable land. in the present study, the distribution and changes of arable lands of different gradient types and grades in Lingchuan County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2015 were monitored and evaluated, to analyze the trends and reasons for the changes in the quality and productivity of arable lands, and to provide references for dynamic monitoring of the quality of arable land. 展开更多
关键词 Arable land grades Monitoring Evaluation Lingchuan County
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RELATION BETWEEN MORPHOMETRIC GRADES OF BLADDER TUMOR AND PROGNOSIS 认领 引用
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作者 杨庆北 夏养志 +1 位作者 王志永 王广均 《Chinese Journal of Cancer Research》 CAS 1990年第2期75-78,共4页
The relation between morphometric grades (M grading) of 84 cases of bladder tumor and prognoses was evaluated. The results shown that the higher the M grading, the lower the survival rate and the higher the recurrence... The relation between morphometric grades (M grading) of 84 cases of bladder tumor and prognoses was evaluated. The results shown that the higher the M grading, the lower the survival rate and the higher the recurrence rate. As the M grade increases, the tumor has partial of total absence of ABO(H) antigens of tumor cell surface and could be accompanied with muscular invasion. When recurring, the tumor has a poor prognosis if M grading increases from lower to higher grades. The morphometric grading system is able to make a quantitative pathologic diagnosis and can predict the biological behavior of bladder tumors. 展开更多
关键词 In RELATION BETWEEN MORPHOMETRIC GRADES OF BLADDER TUMOR AND PROGNOSIS ABO
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Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Assessment of Lipid Profile Estimation in Different Grades of Fatty Liver on Ultrasound 认领 引用
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作者 Bhojo Mal Tanwani Anwar Ali Jamali +2 位作者 Ghulam Mustafa Jamali Ameer Ali Jamali Muhammad Ali Sohail 《Open Journal of Preventive Medicine》 2018年第3期70-83,共14页
Background: Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is common hepatic disorder which is recognized as a great health problem causing different diseases worldwide. To determine non-alcoholic fatty liver and assess th... Background: Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is common hepatic disorder which is recognized as a great health problem causing different diseases worldwide. To determine non-alcoholic fatty liver and assess the relation of fasting total lipids with different grades of fatty liver (NAFLD) subjects diagnosed through ultrasound. By identifying the risk factors of Lipid Profile and NAFLD, the health care provider can properly manage it, even awareness specific for patients and community as general being launched to diminish the morbidity and mortality by this study. Methods: This cross-sectional research carried out at Medicine Department of PMCH, Shaheed Benazirabad. This study comprises 300 subjects of NAFLD. Patients who attended the medicine department with abdominal complains after examination consultant advised ultrasound. The ultrasound performed in Radiology department, patients with findings of fatty liver selected, and history taken from all the patients with special regard to alcoholism. Fasting lipid profile done in all patients included in present study. The blood samples collected from a vein and immediately sent to the laboratory. Results: This present study enlisted total 300 patients out of them 203 (67.7%) belonged to male gender and 97 (32.3%) were females. A ratio of 2.1:1 observed in male and female subjects. There were 176 (58.7%) patients in grade I, while 82 (27.3%) patients in grade II and 42 (14%) patients in grade III. The cholesterol value was abnormal in 186 (62%), while normal in remaining 114 (38%) patients. Triglycerides were abnormal in 152 (50.7%) while in 148 (49.3%) patients were normal. HDL in 155 (51.7%) patients was abnormal while 145 (48.3%) patients had normal values. Low density lipoprotein value in 117 (39%) patient was abnormal and 183 (61%) patient normal. Very low-density lipoprotein in 117 (39%) patients was abnormal and 183 (61%) patient normal. The mean age and SD of patients in present study was 46.83 ± 8.82, with minimum 30 years and maximum age 65 years respectively (p value 0.000). The mean and SD of total cholesterol value was 154.66 ± 58.88 mg/dl (p value 1.000), TG 180.98 ± 96.46 mg/dl (p value 0.974), HDL-C 32.13 ± 5.88 mg/dl (p value 0.000), LDL-C 116.41 ± 41.002 mg/dl (p value 0.000), and VLDL-C was 43.47 ± 34.34 mg/dl (p value 0.000). Conclusions: In current study, variable changes in lipid profile observed amongst NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) patients who diagnosed on ultrasound. Early diagnosis and treatment of non alcoholic fatty liver with abnormal lipids can prevent from long-term complication of fatty liver. 展开更多
关键词 Lipid Profile NAFLD (Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease) Ultrasound Grades of Fatty Liver
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On the Modern English Picture Book in the Teaching of English Reading in Lower Grades of Elementary School 认领 引用
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作者 姚琳虹 《海外英语》 2017年第16期241-242,共2页
Nowadays, more and more educators have affirmed that picture book plays an important significance in the development of children and thought that reading picture book is indispensable to the education of lower grades ... Nowadays, more and more educators have affirmed that picture book plays an important significance in the development of children and thought that reading picture book is indispensable to the education of lower grades of elementary school.However, the teaching of reading in English, most teachers have not realized the satisfactory teaching effect, it is necessary to analyze the theoretical basis of English picture book and its application in the teaching of English reading in lower grades of elementary school and dig its value. 展开更多
关键词 English picture book lower grades of elementary school English reading study on teaching forms of picture book
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Research on Relationship Between Humic Substance Grades and Their Dispersion Ability as CWM Additives 认领 引用
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作者 潘相卿 曾凡 王琳 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 CAS 1998年第2期136-139,共4页
Four humic coal samples are extracted to obtain humic substances (HS), and then subdivided(or purified) to obtain sixteen grades of HS, four from each coal. The effectiveness of these sixteen HS samples as additives f... Four humic coal samples are extracted to obtain humic substances (HS), and then subdivided(or purified) to obtain sixteen grades of HS, four from each coal. The effectiveness of these sixteen HS samples as additives for producing coal water mixture (CWM) is tested (w (additive) = 1 % and the the coal used is from the Baiyi coal preparation plant). A linear regression analysis of viscosity versus the additive’s components shows: (1)humic acids(HA) and humin (HM) are much better than fulvic acids (HF) with HA being tbe best, and (2) tke effects of grades of HS on coal dispersion as measured by viscosity are quite different. CWM additive effectiveness correlates positively with the increase of E4/E6,ash content, acid groups, and carboxyl groups, and negatively with the increase of molecular weight, HS content and phenolic alcohol content. 展开更多
关键词 humic substances grades CWM additives dispersion ability
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Essential competencies for three grades of midwives in China 认领 引用 被引量：7
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作者 Yazhen Yin Jie Li +2 位作者 Hong Lu Jiasi Yao Rui Hou 《International Journal of Nursing Sciences》 2018年第1期18-23,共6页
Objective:To identify the essential competencies for different grades of midwives in China.Methods:A nationwide modified Delphi process was implemented to amend and screen the indicators.Thirty expert panellists inclu... Objective:To identify the essential competencies for different grades of midwives in China.Methods:A nationwide modified Delphi process was implemented to amend and screen the indicators.Thirty expert panellists including practitioners (nurse-midwives),clinical managers,academic educators and obstetricians completed a two-round Delphi study through an electronic survey that was supplemented by an expert panel meeting for discussion of comments and suggestions.Results:All panellists completed two rounds of Delphi study and at least 75% of them achieved a consensus on 224 items (W1 =0.150,W2 =0.173).Seven domains were established,namely,'Professional quality','Antenatal care','Intrapartum care','Postnatal care','Neonatal care','Gynaecological care','Public health care & Integrative competency'.Generalised maternal and neonatal knowledge and perinatal care skills were set for'junior'midwives,pathological care for'senior'ones and supervisory abilities and promotion of discipline for'expert'ones.Conclusions:This research developed three grades of essential competencies for midwives in China.The next step will be assessment in clinical settings for further response.The set was in line with the concepts of International Confederation of Midwives under the domestic context.This set could be adopted as a reference in developing normalised midwifery practice,education and certification. 展开更多
关键词 Essential competency Grade Midwives
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Aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid sclerotherapy for Goligher GradesⅡandⅢhemorrhoids:Results from a multicenter study 认领 引用 被引量：10
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作者 Hidenori Miyamoto Takenori Hada +2 位作者 Gentaro Ishiyama Yoshito Ono Hideo Watanabe 《World Journal of Hepatology》 2016年第20期844-849,共6页
AIM:To show that aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid(ALTA)sclerotherapy has a high success rate for GradeⅡandⅢhemorrhoids.METHODS:This study was based on the clinical data of 604 patients with hemorrhoids who... AIM:To show that aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid(ALTA)sclerotherapy has a high success rate for GradeⅡandⅢhemorrhoids.METHODS:This study was based on the clinical data of 604 patients with hemorrhoids who underwent ALTA sclerotherapy between January 2009 and February 2015.The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of this treatment for GradesⅡandⅢhemorrhoids.Preoperative and postoperative symptoms,complications and success rate were all assessed retrospectively.Follow-up consisted of a simple questionnaire,physical examination and an anoscopy.Patients were followed-up at one day,one week,two weeks,one month,one year,two years,three years,four years and five years after the ALTA sclerotherapy.RESULTS:One hundred and sixty-nine patients were diagnosed with GradeⅡhemorrhoids and 435 patients were diagnosed with GradeⅢhemorrhoids.The one year,three year and five year cumulative success rates of ALTA sclerotherapy for GradesⅡandⅢhemo-rrhoids were 95.9%and 93.1%;89.3%and 83.7%;and 89.3%and 78.2%,respectively.No significant differences were observed in the cumulative success rates after ALTA sclerotherapy between GradesⅡandⅢhemorrhoids(P=0.09).There were forty-seven post-operative complications(low grade fever;anal pain;urinary retention;rectal ulcer;and others).No serious or life-threatening complications occurred and all cases improved through conservative treatment.At univariate analysis there were no predictive factors of failure.CONCLUSION:ALTA sclerotherapy has had a high success rate for GradeⅡandⅢhemorrhoids during five years of post-operative treatment.However,additional studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of this ALTA sclerotherapy in the management of hemorrhoidal disease. 展开更多
关键词 sclerotherapy Aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid Goligher gradeⅢ Minimally invasive treatment Hemorrhoid
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Correlation between radiologic features on contrastenhanced CT and pathological tumor grades in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 Wenbin Xu Han Yan +5 位作者 Lulu Xu Mingna Li Wentao Gao Kuirong Jiang Junli Wu Yi Miao 《Journal of Biomedical Research》 CAS CSCD 2021年第3期179-188,共10页
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)contributes to the increasing detection of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(PNENs).Nevertheless,its value for differentiating pathological tumor grades is not well recognize... Contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)contributes to the increasing detection of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(PNENs).Nevertheless,its value for differentiating pathological tumor grades is not well recognized.In this report,we have conducted a retrospective study on the relationship between the 2017 World Health Organization(WHO)classification and CT imaging features in 94 patients.Most of the investigated features eventually provided statistically significant indicators for discerning PNENs G3 from PNENs G1/G2,including tumor size,shape,margin,heterogeneity,intratumoral blood vessels,vascular invasion,enhancement pattern in both contrast phases,enhancement degree in both phases,tumor-to-pancreas contrast ratio in both phases,common bile duct dilatation,lymph node metastases,and liver metastases.Ill-defined tumor margin was an independent predictor for PNENs G3 with the highest area under the curve(AUC)of 0.906 in the multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.The portal enhancement ratio(PER)was shown the highest AUC of 0.855 in terms of quantitative features.Our data suggest that the traditional contrastenhanced CT still plays a vital role in differentiation of tumor grades and heterogeneity analysis prior to treatment. 展开更多
关键词 pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm computed tomography tumor grade heterogeneity analysis
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Adaptive System for Assigning Reliable Students’ Letter Grades—A Computer Code 认领 引用
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作者 Saeid A. Alghamdi 《Intelligent Information Management》 2010年第10期569-585,共17页
The availability of automated evaluation methodologies that may reliably be used for determining students’ scholastic performance through assigning letter grades are of utmost practical importance to educators, stude... The availability of automated evaluation methodologies that may reliably be used for determining students’ scholastic performance through assigning letter grades are of utmost practical importance to educators, students, and do invariably have pivotal values to all stakeholders of the academic process. In particular, educators use letter grades as quantification metrics to monitor students’ intellectual progress within a framework of clearly specified learning objectives of a course. To students grades may be used as predictive measures and motivating drives for success in a study field. However due to numerous objective and subjective variables that may by be accounted for in a methodological process of assigning students’ grades, and since such a process is often tainted with personal philosophy and human psychology factors, it is essential that educators exercise extra care in maximizing positive account of all objective factors and minimizing negative ramifications of subjectively fuzzy factors. To this end, and in an attempt to make assigning students’ grades more reliable for assessing true-level of mastering specified learning outcomes, this paper will: i) provide a literature review on previous works on the most common methods that have traditionally been in use for assigning students’ grades, and a short account of the virtues and/or vices of such methods, and ii) present a user-friendly computer code that may be easily adapted for the purpose of assigning students’ grades. This would relieve educators from the overwhelming concerns associated with mechanistic aspects of determining educational metrics, and it would allow them to have more time and focus to obtain reliable assessments of true-level of students’ mastery of learning outcomes by accounting for all possible evaluation components. 展开更多
关键词 Reliable Students’ Grades Computer Code Assigning Reliable Letter Grades
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Correlation Between Playing an Instrument and Grades in Middle and High School Students in the U.S. 认领 引用
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作者 April Wen 《Management Studies》 2022年第1期44-52,共9页
The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a correlation between grades and playing an instrument.Furthermore,it will be determined if the number of hours one spends practicing their instrument and how long... The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a correlation between grades and playing an instrument.Furthermore,it will be determined if the number of hours one spends practicing their instrument and how long one has played their instrument affects one’s grade in a class.The data for this study were obtained through a Google Form and were targeted towards middle and high school students in the United States.Results of this study concluded that there is a correlation between playing an instrument and one’s grades in certain subjects.It was also determined that the amount of time spent practicing or how long one has played an instrument also had an impact on one’s grades in certain subjects. 展开更多
关键词 performance instrument grades music education
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