The conceptual framework for the hallmarks of cancer,which was first proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg in 20001 and updated in 20112 and 2022,3 with a more recent version published in the spring of 2026,is the foundati...The conceptual framework for the hallmarks of cancer,which was first proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg in 20001 and updated in 20112 and 2022,3 with a more recent version published in the spring of 2026,is the foundational blueprint of modern cancer research.This latest review moves beyond a simple list of tumor traits to organize the immense complexity of cancer into four interconnected dimensions.4 The first dimension concerns acquired capabilities,which are the core functional capabilities cancer cells need to survive and spread.展开更多
摘要The conceptual framework for the hallmarks of cancer,which was first proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg in 20001 and updated in 20112 and 2022,3 with a more recent version published in the spring of 2026,is the foundational blueprint of modern cancer research.This latest review moves beyond a simple list of tumor traits to organize the immense complexity of cancer into four interconnected dimensions.4 The first dimension concerns acquired capabilities,which are the core functional capabilities cancer cells need to survive and spread.