BACKGROUND The health challenges of partial hepatectomy in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension(CSPH)have been a subject of study for decades.No metaanalysis has systematically evaluated the relati...BACKGROUND The health challenges of partial hepatectomy in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension(CSPH)have been a subject of study for decades.No metaanalysis has systematically evaluated the relationship between CSPH and posthepatectomy liver failure(PHLF),despite its potential role as a critical factor in surgical decision-making.This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the incidence of PHLF in patients with and without CSPH.AIM To include more recent studies and focus on short-term postoperative outcomes,particularly the association between CSPH and PHLF.Additionally,stratified analyses were also performed according to CSPH and PHLF assessment methods,study design,study period,surgical technique,and underlying liver diseases.METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in EMBASE,PubMed,MEDLINE,ScienceDirect,Elsevier,and Cochrane databases using combinations of the following terms:(“portal hypertension”OR“hypertension,portal”OR“portal hypertensions”)AND(“hepatectomy”OR“hepatectomies”OR“liver resection”)AND(“liver failure”OR“hepatic failure”OR“liver decompensation”).Studies published from January 1996 to April 2025,21 published studies were finally included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.The quality assessment was performed independently by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Odds ratios(OR)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)were calculated and compared using a random-effects model.Heterogeneity was assessed with theχ2 test,and the degree of inconsistency was measured using I2.A P value50%indicated substantial heterogeneity.Sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the robustness of the findings and to identify potential sources of bias.RESULTS A total of 6981 patients(1453 patients with CSPH and 5529 patients without CSPH)were finally included in this study.Compared with patients without CSPH,the incidences of PHLF increased in patients with CSPH(OR=3.14;95%CI:2.45-4.02;P<0.001).Subsequent subgroup analysis suggested that the diagnostic methods for CSPH is a potential interfering factor in PHLF,the OR was maximal in hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement groups(OR=15.61;95%CI:2.11-115.35;P=0.007).CONCLUSION The presence of CSPH should be considered as a significant risk factor,it still should be taken into account seriously prior to surgery and needs strict perioperative management.Meanwhile,different methods of diagnosing CSPH could influence PHLF.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)commonly arises in cirrhotic livers.Laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH)has shown promising outcomes,but its safety in moderate liver dysfunction remains unclear.Despite comparable surg...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)commonly arises in cirrhotic livers.Laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH)has shown promising outcomes,but its safety in moderate liver dysfunction remains unclear.Despite comparable surgical indications for LH and open hepatectomy(OH),data on impaired liver function are scarce.The Japanese Liver Damage Grading System(LDGS),incorporating indocyanine green retention at 15 min,provides a precise functional assessment.AIM To compare short-term and long-term outcomes of LH and OH in patients with HCC LDGS grade B or C.METHODS The 97 patients with HCC and LDGS grade B or C who underwent hepatectomy(26 LH;71 OH)between 2010 and 2022 at Tokyo Women’s Medical University Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Propensity score matching(1:1)was applied.Baseline biochemical and tumor characteristics were compared.Shortterm and long-term outcomes were assessed.RESULTS Before matching patients who underwent LH had smaller tumors(2.7 cm vs 4.5 cm,P=0.004)and lower surgical difficulty scores(P<0.001).After matching LH was associated with lower intraoperative blood loss(242 mL vs 941 mL;P=0.049),reduced postoperative ascites(0%vs 21.2%;P=0.035),and shorter hospital stay with no conversion to OH.The 5-year overall survival rate was significantly higher in the LH group(91%vs 36%;P=0.021)while recurrence-free survival was comparable.CONCLUSION LDGS provides a comprehensive assessment of surgical candidates with moderate cirrhosis.In patients with HCC and grade B or C liver damage,LH appears to have better long-term outcomes than OH due to reduced morbidity and preservation of liver function.展开更多
Background:Laparoscopic anatomic hepatectomy of segment 7(LAH-S7)is a challenging surgery.In this study we aimed to investigate surgical and oncological outcomes of various approaches of LAH-S7 in patients with hepato...Background:Laparoscopic anatomic hepatectomy of segment 7(LAH-S7)is a challenging surgery.In this study we aimed to investigate surgical and oncological outcomes of various approaches of LAH-S7 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).A particular focus was placed on identifying the Glissonean pedicle of segment 7(G7)and the intersegmental plane.Given the scarcity of comprehensive reviews or comparative studies on clinical outcomes,we also sought to analyze the experiences and advantages associated with different approaches in relation to the anatomic variations of G7.Methods:The clinical data of 124 patients who underwent LAH-S7 for HCC across seven tertiary referral medical centers in China were retrospectively analyzed.Three surgical approaches were categorized based on the procedures used for G7 identification:the indocyanine green(ICG)fluorescence positive staining approach(IFPA),the Glissonean approach(GA),and the hepatic vein-guided approach(HVGA).Subsequently,the postoperative short-term results and oncological outcomes of the three different approaches were compared.Results:The distribution of surgical approaches among the patients was as follows:IFPA in 16(12.9%),GA in 62(50.0%),and HVGA in 46(37.1%)patients.Complications were observed in 27(21.8%)patients.The 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival(OS)rates were 99.1%,89.2%,and 84.7%,respectively.The 1-,3-,and 5-year recurrence-free survival(RFS)rates were 99.0%,84.7%,and 69.3%,respectively.The OS and RFS rates were comparable across the three approaches.Conclusions:Following a standardized surgical procedure,LAH-S7 is demonstrated to be safe and yields favorable oncological outcomes.Surgeons performing LAH-S7 should select the appropriate surgical approach based on the anatomical characteristics and variations of G7.展开更多
BACKGROUND Real-world data remain limited on the effectiveness of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate(MgIG)for post hepatectomy liver injury.We hypothesize that perioperative MgIG is effective as a management strategy agains...BACKGROUND Real-world data remain limited on the effectiveness of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate(MgIG)for post hepatectomy liver injury.We hypothesize that perioperative MgIG is effective as a management strategy against hepatic injury in patients undergoing hepatectomy.AIM To evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic effectiveness of MgIG for hepatic injury in patients undergoing hepatectomy in a real-world setting.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of consecutive Chinese patients who underwent hepatectomy between March 2020 and March 2023 at two tertiary care hospitals in China.The cohorts were balanced using propensity score matching(PSM).The primary outcome was the prevalence of postoperative liver injury,defined as≥3×upper limit of normal of the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)or aspartate aminotransferase.RESULTS The rate of postoperative liver injury was 76.9%among 1711 eligible patients.After PSM,patients who received perioperative MgIG had a significantly greater reduction in the prevalence of liver injuries than those who only received postoperative MgIG on postoperative day(POD)3(53.3%vs 69.1%;P=0.006)and POD 7(14.2%vs 23.6%;P=0.027).The proportions of patients with≥50%reduction in ALT were significantly higher in patients treated with MgIG plus other liver protectants than those treated with other liver protectants on POD 3 and 7,and upon hospital discharge.Multivariable analysis indicated an independent protective role of prophylactic MgIG in postoperative liver injury.CONCLUSION This study indicates that the addition of preoperative prophylaxis to postoperative treatment with MgIG can mitigate of the rise of aminotransferases and enhance postoperative liver function recovery,conferring benefits on more surgical patients.展开更多
Laparoscopic hepatectomy has been widely accepted for the treatment of liver tumors.A recent study by Fei et al published in World Journal of Hepatology investigated the safety and efficacy of retroperitoneal laparosc...Laparoscopic hepatectomy has been widely accepted for the treatment of liver tumors.A recent study by Fei et al published in World Journal of Hepatology investigated the safety and efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial hepatectomy for segments S6,S7,and S8 in 72 patients.The surgeries were completed in all patients,and conversion to open surgery was required in 10 patients.All patients were successfully treated.This procedure provides a new surgical access for resection of deep tumors in the right lobe of the liver and has clear clinical implications.This editorial discusses the indications,techniques,and limitations of retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial hepatectomy for hepatic tumors,along with the relevant surgical anatomy,and briefly presents perspectives on the application of robotic surgery and artificial intelligence.展开更多
BACKGROUND Robotic assistance is increasingly used for donor and recipient hepatectomy in liver transplantation,yet existing evidence is fragmented and variably indirect.AIM To evaluate clinical outcomes,surgical perf...BACKGROUND Robotic assistance is increasingly used for donor and recipient hepatectomy in liver transplantation,yet existing evidence is fragmented and variably indirect.AIM To evaluate clinical outcomes,surgical performance,and economic effects of robotic-assisted donor and recipient hepatectomy in the transplant pathway.METHODS Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 and a priori registration,systematic reviews were included with or without meta-analysis.Four databases were searched through July 2025.Methodological quality was appraised with a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews(AMSTAR 2),and certainty was graded with grading of recommendations assessment,development and evaluation(GRADE).Evidence overlap was calculated via a citation-matrix-based corrected covered area(CCA).Effect sizes were prespecified as risk ratios(RR)for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences for continuous outcomes.RESULTS Five reviews met the inclusion criteria,four with meta-analyses and one consensus review used only for context.Donor(direct)findings were more favorable for robotics in terms of estimated blood loss(≈-117 mL)and length of stay(≈-0.6 days),although with longer operative time(≈+105 minutes).Absolute risks for donor complications were not estimable from ratio-only data.Recipient(indirect)meta-analysis indicated robotics to be favorable in terms of conversion(RR≈0.41)and severe morbidity(RR≈0.81),with a trend toward lower overall morbidity(RR≈0.92)and no difference in 30-day mortality.Differences in length of stay and operative time were small and heterogeneous.Economic evidence(indirect,network meta-analysis)suggested higher procedural costs for robotic vs laparoscopic intervention,but lower hospitalization costs vs open intervention,with laparoscopy the least expensive overall.AMSTAR 2 ratings were moderate-to-high across the reviews,GRADE certainty was low for key donor continuous outcomes,and low-to-moderate for recipient and economic outcomes.Overlap was slight(graded-corpus CCA=0.0%;including a contextual non-transplant review increased CCA to≈1.25%).CONCLUSION Robotic donor hepatectomy confers perioperative advantages at the cost of longer operative time.Recipient and economic findings are indirect and considered hypothesis-generating.Transplant-specific,prospective comparisons using a minimum standardized dataset and uniform outcome definitions are needed to resolve remaining uncertainties and to clarify the cost-utility correlation.展开更多
According to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging,small hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in patients with liver cirrhosis may be treated either by liver resection,radiofrequency ablation(RFA),microwave ablation,or liver ...According to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging,small hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in patients with liver cirrhosis may be treated either by liver resection,radiofrequency ablation(RFA),microwave ablation,or liver transplantation.However,not all small liver carcinomas are the same.Differences in the exact size of the tumor,the number of lesions,and the liver segment where the cancer is located,along with variations in the severity of liver dysfunction,impact the outcomes and survival of patients.In HCC tumors less than 3 cm in size,surgical resection appears to provide better 3-year overall survival and disease-free survival than RFA in specific patient groups.At the same time,RFA is likely associated with fewer postoperative complications and shorter hospital stays,factors that are particularly significant for older or vulnerable patients.Consequently,it is essential to assess which patients are more appropriate candidates for hepatectomy and which should be considered for RFA,taking into account several factors,beyond merely the size of the liver tumor.The study by Lei et al,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology,aimed to clarify further which treatment,surgical resection or RFA,is more effective for small HCC.展开更多
Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(pCCA)and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)are highly malignant neoplasms with a 5-year overall survival rate of approximately 30%[1,2].Surgical resection remains the only potentially c...Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(pCCA)and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)are highly malignant neoplasms with a 5-year overall survival rate of approximately 30%[1,2].Surgical resection remains the only potentially curative treatment,yet only one-fifth of patients are eligible for resection at initial diagnosis[3].Threedimensional(3D)reconstruction technology provides precise preoperative visualization of complex hilar anatomy,significantly enhancing surgical planning and outcomes[4].Recent advances in 3D reconstruction technology have enhanced preoperative planning by providing precise anatomical mapping of tumor-vessel relationships and biliary variations[4,5].Therefore,this report describes a case of left iCCA successfully resected with biliary reconstruction guided by 3D visualization.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide,with the liver being the most common site of distant metastasis.Hepatectomy is the gold standard for colorectal liver metastases(CR...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide,with the liver being the most common site of distant metastasis.Hepatectomy is the gold standard for colorectal liver metastases(CRLM).However,up to 70%of patients experience recurrence within 5 years,for whom salvage curative-intent treatment(SCT)provides a second chance for cure.Textbook outcome(TO)is a composite metric that captures the ideal perioperative course and is associated with improved long-term survival.However,whether achieving TO influences eligibility for SCT upon recurrence remains unexplored.AIM To investigate whether achieving TO following initial hepatectomy for CRLM is an independent predictor of a patient’s eligibility for SCT upon intrahepatic recurrence.METHODS This multicenter,retrospective cohort study was conducted at two tertiary referral centers in China.We enrolled patients with CRLM who underwent hepatectomy from February 2017 to March 2025 and subsequently developed intrahepatic recurrence.The primary exposure was TO,defined as a composite metric comprising R0 resection,absence of major complications,no prolonged postoperative length of stay,no readmission within 90 days,and no mortality within 90 days.Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses evaluated the impact of TO on receiving SCT.Furthermore,to rigorously account for immortal time bias,subsequent survival outcomes were assessed utilizing a 12-month landmark analysis and time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models.A directed acyclic graph was constructed to identify potential confounders and guide variable selection for multivariable models.RESULTS TO was achieved in 69.1%(141/204)of patients.The TO group had a higher rate of SCT upon recurrence than the non-TO group(47.5% vs 14.3%,P<0.001).TO was identified as an independent predictor of receiving SCT(odds ratio:3.54,95%confidence interval:1.52-8.25,P=0.003).Median overall survival(OS)was significantly longer in the TO group(not reached at a median follow-up of 39.3 months)compared with the non-TO group(35.2 months;P<0.001).To adjust for immortal time bias,a 12-month landmark analysis confirmed the survival advantage of SCT(median residual OS:Not reached vs 32.8 months;P<0.001).Furthermore,multivariable time-dependent Cox analysis verified SCT as an independent prognostic factor for improved OS(hazard ratio:0.50,95%confidence interval:0.26-0.94,P=0.031).展开更多
BACKGROUND Minimally invasive hepatectomy(MIH)reduces surgical trauma;however,postoperative infectious complications(PICs)still occur in 10%-20%of patients and remain a clinical issue.Zinc(Zn),an essential trace eleme...BACKGROUND Minimally invasive hepatectomy(MIH)reduces surgical trauma;however,postoperative infectious complications(PICs)still occur in 10%-20%of patients and remain a clinical issue.Zinc(Zn),an essential trace element for innate and adaptive immunity,may influence postoperative infection risk.AIM To evaluate the association between preoperative serum Zn concentration and PIC after MIH.METHODS This single-center retrospective cohort study included 182 consecutive patients who underwent MIH between April 2020 and April 2025.The primary endpoint was PIC within 30 days,defined as Clavien-Dindo grade≥II requiring systemic antibiotic therapy.The preoperative Zn concentration was analyzed categorically(<60,60-69,70-79,≥80μg/dL)and as a continuous variable.Multivariable logistic regression was performed with adjustment for age,sex,body mass index,liver function indices,comorbidities,surgical approach,operative time,and blood loss.RESULTS Median preoperative Zn concentration was 72.0μg/dL.PIC occurred in 39/182 patients(21.4%),with about 90%being intra-abdominal events.Zn concentration was lower with vs without infection(65.2μg/dL vs 72.0μg/dL,respectively;P=0.015).Each 1-μg/dL increase in Zn was associated with a lower infection risk[odds ratio(OR)=0.964;95%CI:0.938-0.991;P=0.009].Zn≥80μg/dL was independently protective(OR=0.318;95%CI:0.112-0.904;P=0.032),whereas blood loss and hypoalbuminemia were not independent predictors.Severe infection occurred in 9 patients(4.9%);lower Zn and longer operative time were independent risk factors.Infection rates decreased with increasing Zn strata:34.4%(<60μg/dL),23.9%(60-69μg/dL),22.2%(70-79μg/dL),and 10.0%(≥80μg/dL).CONCLUSION Low preoperative serum Zn was associated with postoperative infection after MIH.Zn measurement may aid risk stratification;prospective studies should validate cutoffs and test whether optimization improves outcomes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Although hepatic adenomas(HA)account for less than 0.04%of all liver neoplasms,their occurrence in young women is rare but strongly associated with oral contraceptive use,particularly in the 20-40 years age...BACKGROUND Although hepatic adenomas(HA)account for less than 0.04%of all liver neoplasms,their occurrence in young women is rare but strongly associated with oral contraceptive use,particularly in the 20-40 years age group,with an annual incidence estimated at approximately 3 to 4 cases per 100000 population.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a previously healthy 30-year-old female patient,a regular user of combined oral contraceptives,who presented with acute hemorrhagic abdomen due to spontaneous rupture of a HA.The clinical presentation occurred after physical exertion and was with evidence of intra-abdominal bleeding.Initial management included selective hepatic arterial embolization as a conservative approach.Due to ongoing hemorrhage,an urgent left partial hepatectomy was indicated.CONCLUSION The operation was completed without adverse events,and postoperative recovery was favorable.This report emphasizes the significance of prompt diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention when hemodynamic compromise occurs due to HA rupture.展开更多
BACKGROUND Postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is an important factor affecting long-term patient survival,and there is a lack of effective methods to reduce the chance of recurrence and metastasi...BACKGROUND Postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is an important factor affecting long-term patient survival,and there is a lack of effective methods to reduce the chance of recurrence and metastasis after hepatectomy.AIM To study the efficacy and safety of targeted and/or immunotherapy for HCC with high recurrence risks after hepatectomy,and to explore the target population that would benefit from receiving adjuvant therapy after hepatectomy.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 1708 patients for hepatic resection for HCC from January 2019 to August 2022.According to whether or not they received postoperative immunotherapy and/or molecular-targeted therapy,they were divided into the adjuvant therapy group and the surgery-only group.The primary study endpoint was relapse-free survival,and secondary outcomes were overall survival(OS)and treatment-related adverse events.Cox analyzes were applied to find risk factors affecting recurrence-free survival.Subgroup analyzes were performed to further compare the targeted therapy,immunotherapy and targeted therapy combined with immunotherapy groups in the adjuvant therapy group in order to explore the safety and efficacy of adjuvant therapy.RESULTS Postoperative tumor recurrence was observed in 230 cases(61.8%),of which 122 cases(32.7%)had tumor recurrence within one year after surgery.The OS rate was 95.9%(357/372).Analysis of prognosis yielded a statistically significant difference in recurrence free survival(RFS)between the two groups(median RFS,26.0 months vs 14.0 months,P=0.028),while OS was not statistically significant(P=0.620).Multifactorial Cox regression analysis in the entire cohort identified independent prognostic factors for RFS including receipt of adjuvant therapy(P=0.005,hazard ratio=0.657)and maximum tumor diameter(P=0.039,hazard ratio=1.006).In the subgroup analysis,the targeted therapy group had the highest 1-year RFS rate(88.6%)among all subgroups.In terms of safety,the most common adverse reactions were elevated alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase(28.41%),hypertension(26.13%),rash or dermatitis(25.00%),and diarrhea(22.73%),and there were 4 cases of grade 3-4 adverse reactions(4.55%),and most of the adverse reactions were reversible.CONCLUSION Targeted and/or immunotherapy has shown better efficacy and safety in HCC patients at high risk of recurrence after hepatectomy.展开更多
Postoperative recovery in hepatectomy patients is often prolonged;early mobilization may improve outcomes,but relevant protocols need development.AIM To develop an early postoperative activity program for patients und...Postoperative recovery in hepatectomy patients is often prolonged;early mobilization may improve outcomes,but relevant protocols need development.AIM To develop an early postoperative activity program for patients undergoing hepatectomy and to investigate its effect on rehabilitation quality.METHODS Two hundred patients undergoing hepatectomy,between January 2022 and January 2023,were enrolled.They were divided into intervention and control groups(100 patients each)using randomized number tables.The control group received routine perioperative care for hepatectomy;the intervention group received the early postoperative activity program developed in this study,in addition to routine care.Differences in postoperative recovery indicators,complications,pain levels,inflammation and stress response indicators,functional recovery and quality of life levels,and nursing satisfaction were compared.RESULTS Patients in the intervention group achieved their first postoperative ambulation,passed flatus,completed hospitalization,and had drainage tubes removed earlier than those in the control group.Their International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health-20-item Functioning Scale fatigue scores on postoperative day 5 were lower than those of the control group,and their 6-minute walk test distances at discharge were longer.They demonstrated higher 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores at discharge and 1 month postoperatively(P<0.05).The 30-day postoperative complication rate(15.00%)was lower than that in the control group(31.00%),while overall nursing satisfaction(96.00%)exceeded that of the control group(82.00%),with all differences being statistically significant(P<0.05).Patients in the intervention group exhibited lower Visual Analogue Scale pain scores and reduced C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels on postoperative days 3 and 5 compared to those in the control group,with a statistically significant interaction effect between the time and group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The early postoperative mobilization program is scientifically sound and effective.It significantly improves rehabilitation outcomes in hepatectomy patients,shortens the recovery time,reduces complication rates,alleviates pain,diminishes inflammatory and stress responses,enhances functional recovery and quality of life,and increases nursing satisfaction.This program demonstrates considerable value for clinical implementation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatic tuberculosis is rare,and is difficult to diagnose in the early stage of the disease.It is easily masked by the symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis or other types of tuberculosis,and is often misdiagn...BACKGROUND Hepatic tuberculosis is rare,and is difficult to diagnose in the early stage of the disease.It is easily masked by the symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis or other types of tuberculosis,and is often misdiagnosed as hepatitis,liver cancer or liver abscess.At present,there is a lack of relevant epidemiological statistics on the incidence of liver tuberculosis.However,the incidence of liver tuberculosis worldwide is approximately 3.5%of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old male patient underwent laparoscopic partial hepatectomy with release of intestinal adhesions due to hepatic tuberculosis.Prior to surgery,the patient had a past history of pulmonary tuberculosis,which was currently controlled by oral streptomycin and isoniazid.The patient had low fever and night sweats before surgery.Tuberculosis antibody was positive before surgery.Following surgery,the patient's computed tomography reexamination showed that the liver mass had disappeared,and the symptoms of low fever and night sweats were significantly reduced.Postoperative pathological results showed that the patient had manifestations of tuberculosis and was eventually diagnosed with hepatic tuberculosis.Hepatic tuberculosis is a rare extrapulmonary tuberculosis,which is characterized by abdominal pain,abdominal mass,low-grade fever,night sweats,etc.Following surgical resection,the liver mass disappeared,and the patient was discharged on the seventh postoperative day.He required regular oral anti-tuberculosis drugs after discharge.CONCLUSION The specificity and sensitivity of laboratory tests for hepatic tuberculosis are low.Hepatic tuberculosis is difficult to distinguish from fatty liver,viral hepatitis and liver cancer.展开更多
Tumor recurrence, the Gordian knot of liver transplantation for malignancies, may be attributed to many parameters. The technique of the “classical” recipient hepatectomy is believed to be one of the potential reaso...Tumor recurrence, the Gordian knot of liver transplantation for malignancies, may be attributed to many parameters. The technique of the “classical” recipient hepatectomy is believed to be one of the potential reasons to cause tumor evasion because of the possible increase of circulating tumor cells, thus leading to an increased recurrent rate. On this background, the no-touch oncological recipient hepatectomy technique has been developed. A comprehensive review of the development and the key surgical steps of the no-touch recipient hepatectomy is presented. This technique might improve clinical outcomes, especially for those recipients who are at a high risk for tumor recurrence. Multicenter prospective studies should be set up to further validate the prognostic role of this technique in patients with liver cancer treated with liver transplantation.展开更多
In the 2010s,laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH) rapidly gained popularity in Japan as a minimally invasive approach for liver resections.It offers significant advantages,such as reduced postoperative pain and faster recover...In the 2010s,laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH) rapidly gained popularity in Japan as a minimally invasive approach for liver resections.It offers significant advantages,such as reduced postoperative pain and faster recovery.The Glissonean pedicle approach,employed during LH,enables precise anatomical resection,particularly for hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver tumors.Innovations in training,including the use of animal models and the Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery certification program,have been instrumental in improving surgical expertise.However,complex hepatectomies involving vascular or biliary reconstruction pose substantial technical challenges.Robotassisted hepatectomy(RAH) has shown great potential for improved precision and visualization,though its high costs and uncertain long-term benefits limit its widespread adoption.Further technological advancements,enhanced training programs,and large-scale comparative trials are necessary to evaluate the longterm efficacy of both LH and RAH.展开更多
To the Editor:Liver transplantation is widely regarded as the definitive treat-ment for patients with end-stage liver disease.However,the per-sistent shortage of cadaveric liver grafts has driven the develop-ment of l...To the Editor:Liver transplantation is widely regarded as the definitive treat-ment for patients with end-stage liver disease.However,the per-sistent shortage of cadaveric liver grafts has driven the develop-ment of living-donor liver transplantation(LDLT).Despite its ben-efits,LDLT raises substantial concerns regarding donor morbid-ity,as the procedure involves operating on a healthy individual.Complications associated with donor hepatectomy include abdom-inal trauma,chronic wound pain,physical stress,and psycholog-ical burdens[1,2].In light of these challenges,minimally inva-sive approaches,including laparoscopic and robotic donor hepa-tectomy,have been introduced to mitigate risks and enhance re-covery[3].However,the impact of these techniques on male sex-ual function-a critical aspect of donor quality of life-remains underexplored.Several retrospective studies have highlighted sex-ual dysfunction and altered spousal relationships following open donor hepatectomy[4-6].For instance,9%of donors reported a de-crease in sexual activity,and a significant proportion experienced low body image perceptions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic hepatectomy has been widely accepted for the treatment of liver tumors.Compared with open surgery,it provides a reduced hospital stay,less intraoperative blood loss,less trauma,and fewer incisi...BACKGROUND Laparoscopic hepatectomy has been widely accepted for the treatment of liver tumors.Compared with open surgery,it provides a reduced hospital stay,less intraoperative blood loss,less trauma,and fewer incisional infections,without affecting tumor outcomes.However,lesions in the right lobe of the liver are deep and obstructed by the ribs,making exposure difficult and increasing the degree of surgical difficulty;thus,liver tumors in the deep right lobe pose technical challenges in standard laparoscopic surgery.AIM To investigate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic retroperitoneal partial hepatectomy for liver tumors.METHODS The clinical data of 72 patients who underwent laparoscopic retroperitoneal partial hepatectomy for liver tumors between January 2018 and December 2024 at the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province were analyzed.Of the 72 patients included,34 were male and 38 were female,with ages ranging from 34 years to 72 years(median age,45 years).The tumors were all located in the right lobe of the liver,with 30 cases in segment S6,27 cases in segment S7,and 15 cases in segment S8;the mean tumor diameter was 7.5±3.4 cm.The postoperative tumor indices,liver function,and postoperative complications were analyzed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic partial hepatectomy via the retroperitoneal approach.RESULTS The surgeries were successfully completed in all patients,and conversion to open surgery was required in 10 patients.The mean operative time,blood loss,drain retention time,and length of postoperative hospital stay were 140±30 minutes,150±46 mL,3.8±1.2 days,and 8.3±5.3 days,respectively.Liver function tests returned to normal in all patients within two weeks of surgery.Fifteen patients developed atelectasis and pleural effusion and were managed with incision and drainage and antibiotics.Two patients developed uncomplicated minimal ascites,and the remaining patients had no perioperative complications,such as abdominal hemorrhage,infection,liver failure,bile leakage,and other adverse events.All patients were successfully treated.CONCLUSION Laparoscopic retroperitoneal partial hepatectomy is a safe and effective approach for right hepatic space-occupying lesions,particularly in segments S6,S7,and S8,with fewer postoperative complications,less trauma,and faster recovery times.This procedure provides a new surgical access for resection of deep tumors in the right lobe of the liver and has clear clinical implications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Post-hepatectomy liver failure(PHLF),represents a serious complication after liver resection,significantly impacting the long-term outcomes for patients who undergo such surgeries.There exists a strong corr...BACKGROUND Post-hepatectomy liver failure(PHLF),represents a serious complication after liver resection,significantly impacting the long-term outcomes for patients who undergo such surgeries.There exists a strong correlation between intraoperative hemorrhage and transfusion requirements with the development of PHLF.Presently,a combination of hepatic portal occlusion techniques alongside con-trolled low central venous pressure(CLCVP)methodologies is extensively em-ployed to mitigate intraoperative bleeding.Nonetheless,limited studies have analyzed the risk factors for PHLF under CLCVP.AIM To develop and validate a nomogram that predicts the risk factors associated with the development of PHLF patients undergoing liver resection with CLCVP.METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 285 patients who underwent hepatectomy for the first time and had no history of prior non-index abdominal surgeries,with hepatic inflow occlusion combined with CLCVP from January to December 2019 in Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital.Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for PHLF.Eligible patients were randomly divided into training and validation groups in a 7:3 ratio,and a nomogram prediction model was constructed.RESULTS The incidence of PHLF in these patients was 22.46%.Multiple logistic analysis showed that preoperative serum albumin level,causes of liver resection(cancer or others),and cirrhosis were independent preoperative risk factors for PHLF(P<0.05)and that only post-blocking blood potassium concentration was an independent intraoperative risk factor for PHLF(P<0.05).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis revealed that preoperative serum albumin level,direct bilirubin level(DBIL),platelet count,causes of liver resection(cancer or others),and cirrhosis were significant predictors of PHLF.The nomogram risk prediction model based on preoperative serum albumin level,DBIL,platelet count,causes of liver resection(cancer or others),cirrhosis and post-blocking blood potassium concentration can better predict the occurrence of PHLF.CONCLUSION For patients undergoing liver resection with CLCVP,serum albumin level,DBIL,platelet count,causes of liver resection(cancer or others),and cirrhosis are independent preoperative risk factors for PHLF.展开更多
Laparoscopic liver resection in living donors is a relatively novel surgical approach that has the potential to enhance donor safety and facilitate faster recovery.Following an initial development period during which ...Laparoscopic liver resection in living donors is a relatively novel surgical approach that has the potential to enhance donor safety and facilitate faster recovery.Following an initial development period during which donor safety was not effectively validated,the minimally invasive approach now yields better outcomes,provided that these procedures are performed by experienced surgeons.The key factors include donor selection criteria,the clinical infrastructure,and the learning curve for surgeons.This review outlines the current status of the development of laparoscopic liver resection in living donors and discusses the obstacles to the advancement of this surgical technique.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.No.82302906 and No.822706342024 Research Plan Project of the Jiading District Natural Science Foundation,No.2024-KY-JB-30.
摘要BACKGROUND The health challenges of partial hepatectomy in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension(CSPH)have been a subject of study for decades.No metaanalysis has systematically evaluated the relationship between CSPH and posthepatectomy liver failure(PHLF),despite its potential role as a critical factor in surgical decision-making.This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the incidence of PHLF in patients with and without CSPH.AIM To include more recent studies and focus on short-term postoperative outcomes,particularly the association between CSPH and PHLF.Additionally,stratified analyses were also performed according to CSPH and PHLF assessment methods,study design,study period,surgical technique,and underlying liver diseases.METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in EMBASE,PubMed,MEDLINE,ScienceDirect,Elsevier,and Cochrane databases using combinations of the following terms:(“portal hypertension”OR“hypertension,portal”OR“portal hypertensions”)AND(“hepatectomy”OR“hepatectomies”OR“liver resection”)AND(“liver failure”OR“hepatic failure”OR“liver decompensation”).Studies published from January 1996 to April 2025,21 published studies were finally included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.The quality assessment was performed independently by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Odds ratios(OR)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)were calculated and compared using a random-effects model.Heterogeneity was assessed with theχ2 test,and the degree of inconsistency was measured using I2.A P value50%indicated substantial heterogeneity.Sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the robustness of the findings and to identify potential sources of bias.RESULTS A total of 6981 patients(1453 patients with CSPH and 5529 patients without CSPH)were finally included in this study.Compared with patients without CSPH,the incidences of PHLF increased in patients with CSPH(OR=3.14;95%CI:2.45-4.02;P<0.001).Subsequent subgroup analysis suggested that the diagnostic methods for CSPH is a potential interfering factor in PHLF,the OR was maximal in hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement groups(OR=15.61;95%CI:2.11-115.35;P=0.007).CONCLUSION The presence of CSPH should be considered as a significant risk factor,it still should be taken into account seriously prior to surgery and needs strict perioperative management.Meanwhile,different methods of diagnosing CSPH could influence PHLF.
摘要BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)commonly arises in cirrhotic livers.Laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH)has shown promising outcomes,but its safety in moderate liver dysfunction remains unclear.Despite comparable surgical indications for LH and open hepatectomy(OH),data on impaired liver function are scarce.The Japanese Liver Damage Grading System(LDGS),incorporating indocyanine green retention at 15 min,provides a precise functional assessment.AIM To compare short-term and long-term outcomes of LH and OH in patients with HCC LDGS grade B or C.METHODS The 97 patients with HCC and LDGS grade B or C who underwent hepatectomy(26 LH;71 OH)between 2010 and 2022 at Tokyo Women’s Medical University Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Propensity score matching(1:1)was applied.Baseline biochemical and tumor characteristics were compared.Shortterm and long-term outcomes were assessed.RESULTS Before matching patients who underwent LH had smaller tumors(2.7 cm vs 4.5 cm,P=0.004)and lower surgical difficulty scores(P<0.001).After matching LH was associated with lower intraoperative blood loss(242 mL vs 941 mL;P=0.049),reduced postoperative ascites(0%vs 21.2%;P=0.035),and shorter hospital stay with no conversion to OH.The 5-year overall survival rate was significantly higher in the LH group(91%vs 36%;P=0.021)while recurrence-free survival was comparable.CONCLUSION LDGS provides a comprehensive assessment of surgical candidates with moderate cirrhosis.In patients with HCC and grade B or C liver damage,LH appears to have better long-term outcomes than OH due to reduced morbidity and preservation of liver function.
基金supported by grants from the Scientific Research Fund of Education Department of Yunnan Province(2023J767)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82272963 and 82472718)+6 种基金Health Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission(W20242019)Hunan Provincial Health High-Level Talent Scientific Research Project(R2023096)Hunan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Health Industry Joint Fund(2024JJ9479)Guangdong Province Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation Project-Guangdong Province Natural Science Foundation(2024A1515220154)"Leading Goose"Project of the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province(2024C03049)Major Project of Health Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province(WKJ-ZJ-2407)the National Key Research and Development Program(2024YFB331170204).
摘要Background:Laparoscopic anatomic hepatectomy of segment 7(LAH-S7)is a challenging surgery.In this study we aimed to investigate surgical and oncological outcomes of various approaches of LAH-S7 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).A particular focus was placed on identifying the Glissonean pedicle of segment 7(G7)and the intersegmental plane.Given the scarcity of comprehensive reviews or comparative studies on clinical outcomes,we also sought to analyze the experiences and advantages associated with different approaches in relation to the anatomic variations of G7.Methods:The clinical data of 124 patients who underwent LAH-S7 for HCC across seven tertiary referral medical centers in China were retrospectively analyzed.Three surgical approaches were categorized based on the procedures used for G7 identification:the indocyanine green(ICG)fluorescence positive staining approach(IFPA),the Glissonean approach(GA),and the hepatic vein-guided approach(HVGA).Subsequently,the postoperative short-term results and oncological outcomes of the three different approaches were compared.Results:The distribution of surgical approaches among the patients was as follows:IFPA in 16(12.9%),GA in 62(50.0%),and HVGA in 46(37.1%)patients.Complications were observed in 27(21.8%)patients.The 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival(OS)rates were 99.1%,89.2%,and 84.7%,respectively.The 1-,3-,and 5-year recurrence-free survival(RFS)rates were 99.0%,84.7%,and 69.3%,respectively.The OS and RFS rates were comparable across the three approaches.Conclusions:Following a standardized surgical procedure,LAH-S7 is demonstrated to be safe and yields favorable oncological outcomes.Surgeons performing LAH-S7 should select the appropriate surgical approach based on the anatomical characteristics and variations of G7.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82573407Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.2023A1515220211the Furong Plan Health High Level Talent Project of Hunan Province,No.20250924-1015.
摘要BACKGROUND Real-world data remain limited on the effectiveness of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate(MgIG)for post hepatectomy liver injury.We hypothesize that perioperative MgIG is effective as a management strategy against hepatic injury in patients undergoing hepatectomy.AIM To evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic effectiveness of MgIG for hepatic injury in patients undergoing hepatectomy in a real-world setting.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of consecutive Chinese patients who underwent hepatectomy between March 2020 and March 2023 at two tertiary care hospitals in China.The cohorts were balanced using propensity score matching(PSM).The primary outcome was the prevalence of postoperative liver injury,defined as≥3×upper limit of normal of the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)or aspartate aminotransferase.RESULTS The rate of postoperative liver injury was 76.9%among 1711 eligible patients.After PSM,patients who received perioperative MgIG had a significantly greater reduction in the prevalence of liver injuries than those who only received postoperative MgIG on postoperative day(POD)3(53.3%vs 69.1%;P=0.006)and POD 7(14.2%vs 23.6%;P=0.027).The proportions of patients with≥50%reduction in ALT were significantly higher in patients treated with MgIG plus other liver protectants than those treated with other liver protectants on POD 3 and 7,and upon hospital discharge.Multivariable analysis indicated an independent protective role of prophylactic MgIG in postoperative liver injury.CONCLUSION This study indicates that the addition of preoperative prophylaxis to postoperative treatment with MgIG can mitigate of the rise of aminotransferases and enhance postoperative liver function recovery,conferring benefits on more surgical patients.
摘要Laparoscopic hepatectomy has been widely accepted for the treatment of liver tumors.A recent study by Fei et al published in World Journal of Hepatology investigated the safety and efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial hepatectomy for segments S6,S7,and S8 in 72 patients.The surgeries were completed in all patients,and conversion to open surgery was required in 10 patients.All patients were successfully treated.This procedure provides a new surgical access for resection of deep tumors in the right lobe of the liver and has clear clinical implications.This editorial discusses the indications,techniques,and limitations of retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial hepatectomy for hepatic tumors,along with the relevant surgical anatomy,and briefly presents perspectives on the application of robotic surgery and artificial intelligence.
摘要BACKGROUND Robotic assistance is increasingly used for donor and recipient hepatectomy in liver transplantation,yet existing evidence is fragmented and variably indirect.AIM To evaluate clinical outcomes,surgical performance,and economic effects of robotic-assisted donor and recipient hepatectomy in the transplant pathway.METHODS Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 and a priori registration,systematic reviews were included with or without meta-analysis.Four databases were searched through July 2025.Methodological quality was appraised with a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews(AMSTAR 2),and certainty was graded with grading of recommendations assessment,development and evaluation(GRADE).Evidence overlap was calculated via a citation-matrix-based corrected covered area(CCA).Effect sizes were prespecified as risk ratios(RR)for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences for continuous outcomes.RESULTS Five reviews met the inclusion criteria,four with meta-analyses and one consensus review used only for context.Donor(direct)findings were more favorable for robotics in terms of estimated blood loss(≈-117 mL)and length of stay(≈-0.6 days),although with longer operative time(≈+105 minutes).Absolute risks for donor complications were not estimable from ratio-only data.Recipient(indirect)meta-analysis indicated robotics to be favorable in terms of conversion(RR≈0.41)and severe morbidity(RR≈0.81),with a trend toward lower overall morbidity(RR≈0.92)and no difference in 30-day mortality.Differences in length of stay and operative time were small and heterogeneous.Economic evidence(indirect,network meta-analysis)suggested higher procedural costs for robotic vs laparoscopic intervention,but lower hospitalization costs vs open intervention,with laparoscopy the least expensive overall.AMSTAR 2 ratings were moderate-to-high across the reviews,GRADE certainty was low for key donor continuous outcomes,and low-to-moderate for recipient and economic outcomes.Overlap was slight(graded-corpus CCA=0.0%;including a contextual non-transplant review increased CCA to≈1.25%).CONCLUSION Robotic donor hepatectomy confers perioperative advantages at the cost of longer operative time.Recipient and economic findings are indirect and considered hypothesis-generating.Transplant-specific,prospective comparisons using a minimum standardized dataset and uniform outcome definitions are needed to resolve remaining uncertainties and to clarify the cost-utility correlation.
摘要According to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging,small hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in patients with liver cirrhosis may be treated either by liver resection,radiofrequency ablation(RFA),microwave ablation,or liver transplantation.However,not all small liver carcinomas are the same.Differences in the exact size of the tumor,the number of lesions,and the liver segment where the cancer is located,along with variations in the severity of liver dysfunction,impact the outcomes and survival of patients.In HCC tumors less than 3 cm in size,surgical resection appears to provide better 3-year overall survival and disease-free survival than RFA in specific patient groups.At the same time,RFA is likely associated with fewer postoperative complications and shorter hospital stays,factors that are particularly significant for older or vulnerable patients.Consequently,it is essential to assess which patients are more appropriate candidates for hepatectomy and which should be considered for RFA,taking into account several factors,beyond merely the size of the liver tumor.The study by Lei et al,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology,aimed to clarify further which treatment,surgical resection or RFA,is more effective for small HCC.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82170412)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission Clinical Innovation Research Special Project(23Y11905400).
摘要Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(pCCA)and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)are highly malignant neoplasms with a 5-year overall survival rate of approximately 30%[1,2].Surgical resection remains the only potentially curative treatment,yet only one-fifth of patients are eligible for resection at initial diagnosis[3].Threedimensional(3D)reconstruction technology provides precise preoperative visualization of complex hilar anatomy,significantly enhancing surgical planning and outcomes[4].Recent advances in 3D reconstruction technology have enhanced preoperative planning by providing precise anatomical mapping of tumor-vessel relationships and biliary variations[4,5].Therefore,this report describes a case of left iCCA successfully resected with biliary reconstruction guided by 3D visualization.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Anhui Provincial Department of Education,No.2024AH030058Joint Fund Project of USTC,No.YD9110002083and Joint Fund for Medical Artificial Intelligence,No.MAI2023Q034.
摘要BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide,with the liver being the most common site of distant metastasis.Hepatectomy is the gold standard for colorectal liver metastases(CRLM).However,up to 70%of patients experience recurrence within 5 years,for whom salvage curative-intent treatment(SCT)provides a second chance for cure.Textbook outcome(TO)is a composite metric that captures the ideal perioperative course and is associated with improved long-term survival.However,whether achieving TO influences eligibility for SCT upon recurrence remains unexplored.AIM To investigate whether achieving TO following initial hepatectomy for CRLM is an independent predictor of a patient’s eligibility for SCT upon intrahepatic recurrence.METHODS This multicenter,retrospective cohort study was conducted at two tertiary referral centers in China.We enrolled patients with CRLM who underwent hepatectomy from February 2017 to March 2025 and subsequently developed intrahepatic recurrence.The primary exposure was TO,defined as a composite metric comprising R0 resection,absence of major complications,no prolonged postoperative length of stay,no readmission within 90 days,and no mortality within 90 days.Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses evaluated the impact of TO on receiving SCT.Furthermore,to rigorously account for immortal time bias,subsequent survival outcomes were assessed utilizing a 12-month landmark analysis and time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models.A directed acyclic graph was constructed to identify potential confounders and guide variable selection for multivariable models.RESULTS TO was achieved in 69.1%(141/204)of patients.The TO group had a higher rate of SCT upon recurrence than the non-TO group(47.5% vs 14.3%,P<0.001).TO was identified as an independent predictor of receiving SCT(odds ratio:3.54,95%confidence interval:1.52-8.25,P=0.003).Median overall survival(OS)was significantly longer in the TO group(not reached at a median follow-up of 39.3 months)compared with the non-TO group(35.2 months;P<0.001).To adjust for immortal time bias,a 12-month landmark analysis confirmed the survival advantage of SCT(median residual OS:Not reached vs 32.8 months;P<0.001).Furthermore,multivariable time-dependent Cox analysis verified SCT as an independent prognostic factor for improved OS(hazard ratio:0.50,95%confidence interval:0.26-0.94,P=0.031).
摘要BACKGROUND Minimally invasive hepatectomy(MIH)reduces surgical trauma;however,postoperative infectious complications(PICs)still occur in 10%-20%of patients and remain a clinical issue.Zinc(Zn),an essential trace element for innate and adaptive immunity,may influence postoperative infection risk.AIM To evaluate the association between preoperative serum Zn concentration and PIC after MIH.METHODS This single-center retrospective cohort study included 182 consecutive patients who underwent MIH between April 2020 and April 2025.The primary endpoint was PIC within 30 days,defined as Clavien-Dindo grade≥II requiring systemic antibiotic therapy.The preoperative Zn concentration was analyzed categorically(<60,60-69,70-79,≥80μg/dL)and as a continuous variable.Multivariable logistic regression was performed with adjustment for age,sex,body mass index,liver function indices,comorbidities,surgical approach,operative time,and blood loss.RESULTS Median preoperative Zn concentration was 72.0μg/dL.PIC occurred in 39/182 patients(21.4%),with about 90%being intra-abdominal events.Zn concentration was lower with vs without infection(65.2μg/dL vs 72.0μg/dL,respectively;P=0.015).Each 1-μg/dL increase in Zn was associated with a lower infection risk[odds ratio(OR)=0.964;95%CI:0.938-0.991;P=0.009].Zn≥80μg/dL was independently protective(OR=0.318;95%CI:0.112-0.904;P=0.032),whereas blood loss and hypoalbuminemia were not independent predictors.Severe infection occurred in 9 patients(4.9%);lower Zn and longer operative time were independent risk factors.Infection rates decreased with increasing Zn strata:34.4%(<60μg/dL),23.9%(60-69μg/dL),22.2%(70-79μg/dL),and 10.0%(≥80μg/dL).CONCLUSION Low preoperative serum Zn was associated with postoperative infection after MIH.Zn measurement may aid risk stratification;prospective studies should validate cutoffs and test whether optimization improves outcomes.
摘要BACKGROUND Although hepatic adenomas(HA)account for less than 0.04%of all liver neoplasms,their occurrence in young women is rare but strongly associated with oral contraceptive use,particularly in the 20-40 years age group,with an annual incidence estimated at approximately 3 to 4 cases per 100000 population.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a previously healthy 30-year-old female patient,a regular user of combined oral contraceptives,who presented with acute hemorrhagic abdomen due to spontaneous rupture of a HA.The clinical presentation occurred after physical exertion and was with evidence of intra-abdominal bleeding.Initial management included selective hepatic arterial embolization as a conservative approach.Due to ongoing hemorrhage,an urgent left partial hepatectomy was indicated.CONCLUSION The operation was completed without adverse events,and postoperative recovery was favorable.This report emphasizes the significance of prompt diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention when hemodynamic compromise occurs due to HA rupture.
基金Supported by Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project,No.Qian-KH-[2024]-Youth-009.
摘要BACKGROUND Postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is an important factor affecting long-term patient survival,and there is a lack of effective methods to reduce the chance of recurrence and metastasis after hepatectomy.AIM To study the efficacy and safety of targeted and/or immunotherapy for HCC with high recurrence risks after hepatectomy,and to explore the target population that would benefit from receiving adjuvant therapy after hepatectomy.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 1708 patients for hepatic resection for HCC from January 2019 to August 2022.According to whether or not they received postoperative immunotherapy and/or molecular-targeted therapy,they were divided into the adjuvant therapy group and the surgery-only group.The primary study endpoint was relapse-free survival,and secondary outcomes were overall survival(OS)and treatment-related adverse events.Cox analyzes were applied to find risk factors affecting recurrence-free survival.Subgroup analyzes were performed to further compare the targeted therapy,immunotherapy and targeted therapy combined with immunotherapy groups in the adjuvant therapy group in order to explore the safety and efficacy of adjuvant therapy.RESULTS Postoperative tumor recurrence was observed in 230 cases(61.8%),of which 122 cases(32.7%)had tumor recurrence within one year after surgery.The OS rate was 95.9%(357/372).Analysis of prognosis yielded a statistically significant difference in recurrence free survival(RFS)between the two groups(median RFS,26.0 months vs 14.0 months,P=0.028),while OS was not statistically significant(P=0.620).Multifactorial Cox regression analysis in the entire cohort identified independent prognostic factors for RFS including receipt of adjuvant therapy(P=0.005,hazard ratio=0.657)and maximum tumor diameter(P=0.039,hazard ratio=1.006).In the subgroup analysis,the targeted therapy group had the highest 1-year RFS rate(88.6%)among all subgroups.In terms of safety,the most common adverse reactions were elevated alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase(28.41%),hypertension(26.13%),rash or dermatitis(25.00%),and diarrhea(22.73%),and there were 4 cases of grade 3-4 adverse reactions(4.55%),and most of the adverse reactions were reversible.CONCLUSION Targeted and/or immunotherapy has shown better efficacy and safety in HCC patients at high risk of recurrence after hepatectomy.
摘要Postoperative recovery in hepatectomy patients is often prolonged;early mobilization may improve outcomes,but relevant protocols need development.AIM To develop an early postoperative activity program for patients undergoing hepatectomy and to investigate its effect on rehabilitation quality.METHODS Two hundred patients undergoing hepatectomy,between January 2022 and January 2023,were enrolled.They were divided into intervention and control groups(100 patients each)using randomized number tables.The control group received routine perioperative care for hepatectomy;the intervention group received the early postoperative activity program developed in this study,in addition to routine care.Differences in postoperative recovery indicators,complications,pain levels,inflammation and stress response indicators,functional recovery and quality of life levels,and nursing satisfaction were compared.RESULTS Patients in the intervention group achieved their first postoperative ambulation,passed flatus,completed hospitalization,and had drainage tubes removed earlier than those in the control group.Their International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health-20-item Functioning Scale fatigue scores on postoperative day 5 were lower than those of the control group,and their 6-minute walk test distances at discharge were longer.They demonstrated higher 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores at discharge and 1 month postoperatively(P<0.05).The 30-day postoperative complication rate(15.00%)was lower than that in the control group(31.00%),while overall nursing satisfaction(96.00%)exceeded that of the control group(82.00%),with all differences being statistically significant(P<0.05).Patients in the intervention group exhibited lower Visual Analogue Scale pain scores and reduced C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels on postoperative days 3 and 5 compared to those in the control group,with a statistically significant interaction effect between the time and group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The early postoperative mobilization program is scientifically sound and effective.It significantly improves rehabilitation outcomes in hepatectomy patients,shortens the recovery time,reduces complication rates,alleviates pain,diminishes inflammatory and stress responses,enhances functional recovery and quality of life,and increases nursing satisfaction.This program demonstrates considerable value for clinical implementation.
摘要BACKGROUND Hepatic tuberculosis is rare,and is difficult to diagnose in the early stage of the disease.It is easily masked by the symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis or other types of tuberculosis,and is often misdiagnosed as hepatitis,liver cancer or liver abscess.At present,there is a lack of relevant epidemiological statistics on the incidence of liver tuberculosis.However,the incidence of liver tuberculosis worldwide is approximately 3.5%of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old male patient underwent laparoscopic partial hepatectomy with release of intestinal adhesions due to hepatic tuberculosis.Prior to surgery,the patient had a past history of pulmonary tuberculosis,which was currently controlled by oral streptomycin and isoniazid.The patient had low fever and night sweats before surgery.Tuberculosis antibody was positive before surgery.Following surgery,the patient's computed tomography reexamination showed that the liver mass had disappeared,and the symptoms of low fever and night sweats were significantly reduced.Postoperative pathological results showed that the patient had manifestations of tuberculosis and was eventually diagnosed with hepatic tuberculosis.Hepatic tuberculosis is a rare extrapulmonary tuberculosis,which is characterized by abdominal pain,abdominal mass,low-grade fever,night sweats,etc.Following surgical resection,the liver mass disappeared,and the patient was discharged on the seventh postoperative day.He required regular oral anti-tuberculosis drugs after discharge.CONCLUSION The specificity and sensitivity of laboratory tests for hepatic tuberculosis are low.Hepatic tuberculosis is difficult to distinguish from fatty liver,viral hepatitis and liver cancer.
基金supported in part by grants from National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China (82200726 and U23A20451)Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81930016)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA1100500)。
摘要Tumor recurrence, the Gordian knot of liver transplantation for malignancies, may be attributed to many parameters. The technique of the “classical” recipient hepatectomy is believed to be one of the potential reasons to cause tumor evasion because of the possible increase of circulating tumor cells, thus leading to an increased recurrent rate. On this background, the no-touch oncological recipient hepatectomy technique has been developed. A comprehensive review of the development and the key surgical steps of the no-touch recipient hepatectomy is presented. This technique might improve clinical outcomes, especially for those recipients who are at a high risk for tumor recurrence. Multicenter prospective studies should be set up to further validate the prognostic role of this technique in patients with liver cancer treated with liver transplantation.
摘要In the 2010s,laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH) rapidly gained popularity in Japan as a minimally invasive approach for liver resections.It offers significant advantages,such as reduced postoperative pain and faster recovery.The Glissonean pedicle approach,employed during LH,enables precise anatomical resection,particularly for hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver tumors.Innovations in training,including the use of animal models and the Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery certification program,have been instrumental in improving surgical expertise.However,complex hepatectomies involving vascular or biliary reconstruction pose substantial technical challenges.Robotassisted hepatectomy(RAH) has shown great potential for improved precision and visualization,though its high costs and uncertain long-term benefits limit its widespread adoption.Further technological advancements,enhanced training programs,and large-scale comparative trials are necessary to evaluate the longterm efficacy of both LH and RAH.
摘要To the Editor:Liver transplantation is widely regarded as the definitive treat-ment for patients with end-stage liver disease.However,the per-sistent shortage of cadaveric liver grafts has driven the develop-ment of living-donor liver transplantation(LDLT).Despite its ben-efits,LDLT raises substantial concerns regarding donor morbid-ity,as the procedure involves operating on a healthy individual.Complications associated with donor hepatectomy include abdom-inal trauma,chronic wound pain,physical stress,and psycholog-ical burdens[1,2].In light of these challenges,minimally inva-sive approaches,including laparoscopic and robotic donor hepa-tectomy,have been introduced to mitigate risks and enhance re-covery[3].However,the impact of these techniques on male sex-ual function-a critical aspect of donor quality of life-remains underexplored.Several retrospective studies have highlighted sex-ual dysfunction and altered spousal relationships following open donor hepatectomy[4-6].For instance,9%of donors reported a de-crease in sexual activity,and a significant proportion experienced low body image perceptions.
基金Supported by Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medicine Center for Digestive System Diseases,No.2024YNLCYXZX0132.
摘要BACKGROUND Laparoscopic hepatectomy has been widely accepted for the treatment of liver tumors.Compared with open surgery,it provides a reduced hospital stay,less intraoperative blood loss,less trauma,and fewer incisional infections,without affecting tumor outcomes.However,lesions in the right lobe of the liver are deep and obstructed by the ribs,making exposure difficult and increasing the degree of surgical difficulty;thus,liver tumors in the deep right lobe pose technical challenges in standard laparoscopic surgery.AIM To investigate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic retroperitoneal partial hepatectomy for liver tumors.METHODS The clinical data of 72 patients who underwent laparoscopic retroperitoneal partial hepatectomy for liver tumors between January 2018 and December 2024 at the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province were analyzed.Of the 72 patients included,34 were male and 38 were female,with ages ranging from 34 years to 72 years(median age,45 years).The tumors were all located in the right lobe of the liver,with 30 cases in segment S6,27 cases in segment S7,and 15 cases in segment S8;the mean tumor diameter was 7.5±3.4 cm.The postoperative tumor indices,liver function,and postoperative complications were analyzed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic partial hepatectomy via the retroperitoneal approach.RESULTS The surgeries were successfully completed in all patients,and conversion to open surgery was required in 10 patients.The mean operative time,blood loss,drain retention time,and length of postoperative hospital stay were 140±30 minutes,150±46 mL,3.8±1.2 days,and 8.3±5.3 days,respectively.Liver function tests returned to normal in all patients within two weeks of surgery.Fifteen patients developed atelectasis and pleural effusion and were managed with incision and drainage and antibiotics.Two patients developed uncomplicated minimal ascites,and the remaining patients had no perioperative complications,such as abdominal hemorrhage,infection,liver failure,bile leakage,and other adverse events.All patients were successfully treated.CONCLUSION Laparoscopic retroperitoneal partial hepatectomy is a safe and effective approach for right hepatic space-occupying lesions,particularly in segments S6,S7,and S8,with fewer postoperative complications,less trauma,and faster recovery times.This procedure provides a new surgical access for resection of deep tumors in the right lobe of the liver and has clear clinical implications.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,No.2018JJ3291the Scientific Research Project of the Hunan Provincial Health Commission,No.202104111288.
摘要BACKGROUND Post-hepatectomy liver failure(PHLF),represents a serious complication after liver resection,significantly impacting the long-term outcomes for patients who undergo such surgeries.There exists a strong correlation between intraoperative hemorrhage and transfusion requirements with the development of PHLF.Presently,a combination of hepatic portal occlusion techniques alongside con-trolled low central venous pressure(CLCVP)methodologies is extensively em-ployed to mitigate intraoperative bleeding.Nonetheless,limited studies have analyzed the risk factors for PHLF under CLCVP.AIM To develop and validate a nomogram that predicts the risk factors associated with the development of PHLF patients undergoing liver resection with CLCVP.METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 285 patients who underwent hepatectomy for the first time and had no history of prior non-index abdominal surgeries,with hepatic inflow occlusion combined with CLCVP from January to December 2019 in Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital.Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for PHLF.Eligible patients were randomly divided into training and validation groups in a 7:3 ratio,and a nomogram prediction model was constructed.RESULTS The incidence of PHLF in these patients was 22.46%.Multiple logistic analysis showed that preoperative serum albumin level,causes of liver resection(cancer or others),and cirrhosis were independent preoperative risk factors for PHLF(P<0.05)and that only post-blocking blood potassium concentration was an independent intraoperative risk factor for PHLF(P<0.05).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis revealed that preoperative serum albumin level,direct bilirubin level(DBIL),platelet count,causes of liver resection(cancer or others),and cirrhosis were significant predictors of PHLF.The nomogram risk prediction model based on preoperative serum albumin level,DBIL,platelet count,causes of liver resection(cancer or others),cirrhosis and post-blocking blood potassium concentration can better predict the occurrence of PHLF.CONCLUSION For patients undergoing liver resection with CLCVP,serum albumin level,DBIL,platelet count,causes of liver resection(cancer or others),and cirrhosis are independent preoperative risk factors for PHLF.
摘要Laparoscopic liver resection in living donors is a relatively novel surgical approach that has the potential to enhance donor safety and facilitate faster recovery.Following an initial development period during which donor safety was not effectively validated,the minimally invasive approach now yields better outcomes,provided that these procedures are performed by experienced surgeons.The key factors include donor selection criteria,the clinical infrastructure,and the learning curve for surgeons.This review outlines the current status of the development of laparoscopic liver resection in living donors and discusses the obstacles to the advancement of this surgical technique.