随着新一代人工智能技术的快速发展,过程系统工程(PSE)与人工智能(AI)的融合迎来了新的发展机遇。本文通过梳理全球发展脉络与关注典型研究案例相结合的方式系统回顾了PSE与AI融合发展的历史演进过程,即从20世纪80—90年代早期的PSE+AI...随着新一代人工智能技术的快速发展,过程系统工程(PSE)与人工智能(AI)的融合迎来了新的发展机遇。本文通过梳理全球发展脉络与关注典型研究案例相结合的方式系统回顾了PSE与AI融合发展的历史演进过程,即从20世纪80—90年代早期的PSE+AI探索应用阶段,到深度学习浪潮推动的AI+PSE模式转变,并在此基础上提出了智能过程系统工程(iPSE)这一前瞻性学科范式。文章深入分析了各发展阶段的技术特征、演进模式和历史意义,系统阐述了iPSE作为创新学科范式的理论内涵与核心特征。本文提出的iPSE通过AI×AI嵌入式融合、螺旋上升自主寻优工作流、严格PSE逻辑框架约束和开放包容学科范式四大核心特征,实现了PSE系统论思想与AI智能技术的深度有机融合,标志着一种从传统“机理模型驱动”向“数据智能与机理认知深度融合驱动”的范式演进。与AI for Science相比,iPSE更强调安全保障导向和工程实践导向,为解决现代过程工业面临的超大规模、多目标、强约束等复杂工程化难题提供了创新性的系统解决方案。本文进一步提出iPSE学科建设应构建复合型人才培养体系,营造开放包容的学科文化,建立产学研协同创新机制。iPSE范式的建立将为石油化工行业高质量发展和双碳目标实现提供重要理论支撑,引领全球过程工业迈向智能、安全、绿色、可持续发展的新时代。展开更多
互联网技术的发展革新带来了生活方式的转变,文化娱乐消费占比提高,文化创意产业的发展势头蓬勃向上,《原神》作为近年来比较热门的游戏IP在市场中发展壮大,本文借助用户SIPS模型,从共鸣、确认、参与、共享四个层面分析《原神》IP的运...互联网技术的发展革新带来了生活方式的转变,文化娱乐消费占比提高,文化创意产业的发展势头蓬勃向上,《原神》作为近年来比较热门的游戏IP在市场中发展壮大,本文借助用户SIPS模型,从共鸣、确认、参与、共享四个层面分析《原神》IP的运营策略,对社交媒体时代用户心理和行为的发展变化进行分析,试图为IP的打造与运营提供借鉴。The development and innovation of Internet technology has brought about a change in lifestyle, the proportion of cultural and entertainment consumption has increased, and the development momentum of cultural and creative industries is booming. As a popular game IP in recent years, “Genshin Impact” has grown in the market. This article uses the user SIPS model to analyze the operation strategy of the “Genshin Impact” IP from the four aspects of “Sympathize, Identify, Participate, and Share & Spread”, and attempts to provide references for the creation and operation of IP by analyzing the development and changes in user psychology and behavior in the era of social media.展开更多
Generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from somatic cells has been achieved successfully by simultaneous viral transduction of defined reprogramming transcription factors (TFs). However, the process re...Generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from somatic cells has been achieved successfully by simultaneous viral transduction of defined reprogramming transcription factors (TFs). However, the process requires multiple viral vectors for gene delivery. As a result, generated iPS cells harbor numerous viral integration sites in their genomes. This can increase the probability of gene mutagenesis and genomic instability, and present significant barriers to both research and clinical application studies of iPS cells. In this paper, we present a simple lentivirus reprogramming system in which defined factors are fused in-frame into a single open reading frame (ORF) via self-cleaving 2A sequences. A GFP marker is placed downstream of the transgene to enable tracking of transgene expression. We demonstrate that this polycistronic expression system efficiently generates iPS cells. The generated iPS cells have normal karyotypes and are similar to mouse embryonic stem cells in morphology and gene expression. Moreover, they can differentiate into cell types of the three embryonic germ layers in both in vitro and in vivo assays. Remarkably, most of these iPS cells only harbor a single copy of viral vector. This system provides a valuable tool for generation of iPS cells, and our data suggest that the balance of expression of transduced reprogramming TFs in each cell is essential for the reprogramming process. More importantly, when delivered by non-integrating gene-delivery systems, this re-engineered single ORF will facilitate efficient generation of human iPS cells free of genetic modifications.展开更多
How to trigger strong anti-tumor immune responses has become a focus for tumor therapy.Here,we report the human-induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSs)to deliver MnO2@Ce6 nanoprobes into tumors for simultaneous photodyna...How to trigger strong anti-tumor immune responses has become a focus for tumor therapy.Here,we report the human-induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSs)to deliver MnO2@Ce6 nanoprobes into tumors for simultaneous photodynamic therapy(PDT)and enhanced immunotherapy.Ce6 photosensitizer was attached on manganese dioxide(MnO2)nanoparticles,and resultant MnO2@Ce6 nanoprobes were delivered into mitomycin-treated iPSs to form iPS-MnO2@Ce6 nanoprobes.The iPS-MnO2@Ce6 actively targeted in vivo tumors,the acidic microenvironment triggered interaction between MnO2 and H2O2,released large quantities of oxygen,alleviated hypoxia in tumor.Upon PDT,singlet oxygen formed,broken iPSs released tumor-shared antigens,which evoked an intensive innate and adaptive immune response against the tumor,improving dendritic cells matured,effector T cells,and natural killer cells were activated.Meanwhile,regulatory T cells were reduced,and then the immune response induced by iPS-MnO2@Ce6 was markedly stronger than the immune reaction induced by MnO2@Ce6(P<0.05).The iPS-MnO2@Ce6 markedly inhibited tumor growth and metastasis and reduced mortality in mice models with tumor.Human iPS s loaded with MnO2-based nanoprobes are a promising strategy for simultaneous PDT and enhanced immunotherapy against tumor and own clinical translational prospect.展开更多
摘要随着新一代人工智能技术的快速发展,过程系统工程(PSE)与人工智能(AI)的融合迎来了新的发展机遇。本文通过梳理全球发展脉络与关注典型研究案例相结合的方式系统回顾了PSE与AI融合发展的历史演进过程,即从20世纪80—90年代早期的PSE+AI探索应用阶段,到深度学习浪潮推动的AI+PSE模式转变,并在此基础上提出了智能过程系统工程(iPSE)这一前瞻性学科范式。文章深入分析了各发展阶段的技术特征、演进模式和历史意义,系统阐述了iPSE作为创新学科范式的理论内涵与核心特征。本文提出的iPSE通过AI×AI嵌入式融合、螺旋上升自主寻优工作流、严格PSE逻辑框架约束和开放包容学科范式四大核心特征,实现了PSE系统论思想与AI智能技术的深度有机融合,标志着一种从传统“机理模型驱动”向“数据智能与机理认知深度融合驱动”的范式演进。与AI for Science相比,iPSE更强调安全保障导向和工程实践导向,为解决现代过程工业面临的超大规模、多目标、强约束等复杂工程化难题提供了创新性的系统解决方案。本文进一步提出iPSE学科建设应构建复合型人才培养体系,营造开放包容的学科文化,建立产学研协同创新机制。iPSE范式的建立将为石油化工行业高质量发展和双碳目标实现提供重要理论支撑,引领全球过程工业迈向智能、安全、绿色、可持续发展的新时代。
摘要互联网技术的发展革新带来了生活方式的转变,文化娱乐消费占比提高,文化创意产业的发展势头蓬勃向上,《原神》作为近年来比较热门的游戏IP在市场中发展壮大,本文借助用户SIPS模型,从共鸣、确认、参与、共享四个层面分析《原神》IP的运营策略,对社交媒体时代用户心理和行为的发展变化进行分析,试图为IP的打造与运营提供借鉴。The development and innovation of Internet technology has brought about a change in lifestyle, the proportion of cultural and entertainment consumption has increased, and the development momentum of cultural and creative industries is booming. As a popular game IP in recent years, “Genshin Impact” has grown in the market. This article uses the user SIPS model to analyze the operation strategy of the “Genshin Impact” IP from the four aspects of “Sympathize, Identify, Participate, and Share & Spread”, and attempts to provide references for the creation and operation of IP by analyzing the development and changes in user psychology and behavior in the era of social media.
摘要Generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from somatic cells has been achieved successfully by simultaneous viral transduction of defined reprogramming transcription factors (TFs). However, the process requires multiple viral vectors for gene delivery. As a result, generated iPS cells harbor numerous viral integration sites in their genomes. This can increase the probability of gene mutagenesis and genomic instability, and present significant barriers to both research and clinical application studies of iPS cells. In this paper, we present a simple lentivirus reprogramming system in which defined factors are fused in-frame into a single open reading frame (ORF) via self-cleaving 2A sequences. A GFP marker is placed downstream of the transgene to enable tracking of transgene expression. We demonstrate that this polycistronic expression system efficiently generates iPS cells. The generated iPS cells have normal karyotypes and are similar to mouse embryonic stem cells in morphology and gene expression. Moreover, they can differentiate into cell types of the three embryonic germ layers in both in vitro and in vivo assays. Remarkably, most of these iPS cells only harbor a single copy of viral vector. This system provides a valuable tool for generation of iPS cells, and our data suggest that the balance of expression of transduced reprogramming TFs in each cell is essential for the reprogramming process. More importantly, when delivered by non-integrating gene-delivery systems, this re-engineered single ORF will facilitate efficient generation of human iPS cells free of genetic modifications.
基金financially supported by National Nature Scientific foundation(81803094,81802979 and 81921002)the National Foundational Basic Research Project of China(2017YFA0205301 and 2015CB931802)+3 种基金Shanghai Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology Fund(No.XC-ZXSJ-02-2016-05)the medical engineering cross project of Shanghai Jiao Tong university(YG2017ZD05,YG2016ZD10 and YG2017Z D05)the Project of Thousand Youth Talents from Chinathe National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1200904 and 2017YFE0124400)。
摘要How to trigger strong anti-tumor immune responses has become a focus for tumor therapy.Here,we report the human-induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSs)to deliver MnO2@Ce6 nanoprobes into tumors for simultaneous photodynamic therapy(PDT)and enhanced immunotherapy.Ce6 photosensitizer was attached on manganese dioxide(MnO2)nanoparticles,and resultant MnO2@Ce6 nanoprobes were delivered into mitomycin-treated iPSs to form iPS-MnO2@Ce6 nanoprobes.The iPS-MnO2@Ce6 actively targeted in vivo tumors,the acidic microenvironment triggered interaction between MnO2 and H2O2,released large quantities of oxygen,alleviated hypoxia in tumor.Upon PDT,singlet oxygen formed,broken iPSs released tumor-shared antigens,which evoked an intensive innate and adaptive immune response against the tumor,improving dendritic cells matured,effector T cells,and natural killer cells were activated.Meanwhile,regulatory T cells were reduced,and then the immune response induced by iPS-MnO2@Ce6 was markedly stronger than the immune reaction induced by MnO2@Ce6(P<0.05).The iPS-MnO2@Ce6 markedly inhibited tumor growth and metastasis and reduced mortality in mice models with tumor.Human iPS s loaded with MnO2-based nanoprobes are a promising strategy for simultaneous PDT and enhanced immunotherapy against tumor and own clinical translational prospect.