Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-Cas9 screening technology is redefining the landscape of drug discovery and therapeutic target identification by providing a precise and scalable platf...Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-Cas9 screening technology is redefining the landscape of drug discovery and therapeutic target identification by providing a precise and scalable platform for functional genomics.The development of extensive single-guide RNA(sgRNA)libraries enables high-throughput screening(HTS)that systematically investigates gene-drug interactions across the genome.This powerful approach has found broad applications in identifying drug targets for various diseases,including cancer,infectious diseases,metabolic disorders,and neurodegenerative conditions,playing a crucial role in elucidating drug mechanisms and facilitating drug screening.Despite challenges like off-target effects,data complexity,and ethical or regulatory concerns,ongoing advancements in CRISPR technology and bioinformatics are steadily overcoming these limitations.Additionally,by integrating with organoid models,artificial intelligence(AI),and big data technologies,CRISPR screening expands the scale,intelligence,and automation of drug discovery.This integration boosts data analysis efficiency and offers robust support for uncovering new therapeutic targets and mechanisms.This review outlines the fundamental principles and applications of CRISPR screening technology,delves into specific case studies and technical challenges,and highlights its expanding role in drug discovery and target identification.It also examines the potential for clinical translation and addresses the associated ethical and regulatory considerations.展开更多
Underground engineering projects such as deep tunnel excavation often encounter rockburst disasters accompanied by numerous microseismic events.Rapid interpretation of microseismic signals is crucial for the timely id...Underground engineering projects such as deep tunnel excavation often encounter rockburst disasters accompanied by numerous microseismic events.Rapid interpretation of microseismic signals is crucial for the timely identification of rockbursts.However,conventional processing encompasses multi-step workflows,including classification,denoising,picking,locating,and computational analysis,coupled with manual intervention,which collectively compromise the reliability of early warnings.To address these challenges,this study innovatively proposes the“microseismic stethoscope"-a multi-task machine learning and deep learning model designed for the automated processing of massive microseismic signals.This model efficiently extracts three key parameters that are necessary for recognizing rockburst disasters:rupture location,microseismic energy,and moment magnitude.Specifically,the model extracts raw waveform features from three dedicated sub-networks:a classifier for source zone classification,and two regressors for microseismic energy and moment magnitude estimation.This model demonstrates superior efficiency compared to traditional processing and semi-automated processing,reducing per-event processing time from 0.71 s to 0.49 s to merely 0.036 s.It concurrently achieves 98%accuracy in source zone classification,with microseismic energy and moment magnitude estimation errors of 0.13 and 0.05,respectively.This model has been well applied and validated in the Daxiagu Tunnel case in Sichuan,China.The application results indicate that the model is as accurate as traditional methods in determining source parameters,and thus can be used to identify potential geomechanical processes of rockburst disasters.By enhancing the signal processing reliability of microseismic events,the proposed model in this study presents a significant advancement in the identification of rockburst disasters.展开更多
Spectral distortions in photon-counting detectors(PCDs)fundamentally limit the quantitative accuracy of material identification.While machine learning is used for compensation,current data-driven methods often lack ph...Spectral distortions in photon-counting detectors(PCDs)fundamentally limit the quantitative accuracy of material identification.While machine learning is used for compensation,current data-driven methods often lack physical constraints,limiting their interpretability and reliability across varying conditions.To address this issue,we propose a physics-informed neural network(PINN)framework that explicitly embeds the Beer-Lambert law into the learning architecture.By integrating an explicit differential layer to extract high-order curvature features from distorted spectra,the model enables direct inference of the effective atomic number and areal density.This approach effectively leverages the Z-dependent non-linear profile of the photoelectric effect,even when explicit absorption edges are outside the primary detection window.Simulation results establish a high-precision benchmark for Zeffestimation in the target low-Z range(613),with an RMSE of 0.2111.Experimental validation on a CdZnTe-PCD further demonstrates that this accuracy improvement is preserved under realistic pulse pile-up and noise conditions,achieving an RMSE of 0.2457 and an R2of 0.9670.Compared with conventional physical correction methods(typically±0.5 error margin),the proposed framework provides improved precision,with 92.86%of Zeffestimation errors falling within±0.4,corresponding to an approximately 20%tighter error bound.These results confirm that the proposed framework effectively mitigates spectral distortion,providing a robust,calibration-free solution for precise material identification of low-Z materials in industrial non-destructive testing.展开更多
Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is one of the most important staple crops globally.Doubled haploid technology enables rapid development of pure lines and has been extended from maize to several other crop species.A key ste...Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is one of the most important staple crops globally.Doubled haploid technology enables rapid development of pure lines and has been extended from maize to several other crop species.A key step in DH breeding is the identification of haploids from diploids,which requires accurate and convenient phenotypic markers.In this study,we generated two wheat haploid inducers carrying different markers by a one-step strategy.One harbored a dual fluorescent marker system consisting of eGFP and TagRFP,the other carried a RUBY reporter.Both markers enabled near 100% accuracy of haploid identification at the immature embryo,mature embryo,and germinating seedling stages.Moreover,both lines consistently exhibited a high and stable haploid induction rate(~20%).This study not only provides efficient wheat haploid inducers but also establishes a convenient pipeline for developing haploid induction systems in other crop species.展开更多
The growing use of lithium-ion batteries in electric transportation and grid-scale storage systems has intensified the need for accurate and highly generalizable state-of-health(SOH)estimation.Conventional approaches ...The growing use of lithium-ion batteries in electric transportation and grid-scale storage systems has intensified the need for accurate and highly generalizable state-of-health(SOH)estimation.Conventional approaches often suffer from reduced accuracy under dynamically uncertain state-of-charge(SOC)operating ranges and heterogeneous aging stresses.This study presents a unified SOH estimation framework that integrates physics-informed modeling,subspace identification,and Transformer-based learning.A reduced-order model is derived from simplified electrochemical dynamics,providing an interpretable and computationally efficient representation of battery behavior.Subspace identification across a wide SOC and SOH range yields degradation-sensitive features,which the Transformer uses to capture long-range aging dynamics via multi-head self-attention.Experiments on LiFePO4 cells under joint-cell training show consistently accurate SOH estimation,with a maximum error of 1.39%,demonstrating the framework’s effectiveness in decoupling SOC and SOH effects.In cross-cell validation,where training and validation are performed on different cells,the model maintains a maximum error of 2.06%,confirming strong generalization to unseen aging trajectories.Comparative experiments on LiFePO4and public LiCoO2datasets confirm the framework’s cross-chemistry applicability.By extracting low-dimensional,physically interpretable features via subspace identification,the framework significantly reduces training cost while maintaining high SOH estimation accuracy,outperforming conventional data-driven models lacking physical guidance.展开更多
Accurate in-situ identification of coal and gangue is critical for intelligent mining,particularly in longwall top coal caving(LTCC)mining,where it enables precise control of the gangue mixed ratio and enhances resour...Accurate in-situ identification of coal and gangue is critical for intelligent mining,particularly in longwall top coal caving(LTCC)mining,where it enables precise control of the gangue mixed ratio and enhances resource recovery.This study introduces a Secondary Intervention strategy to augment the conventional“liquid intervention+infrared detection”approach.Results demonstrate that Secondary Intervention can consistently enhance the thermal contrast between coal and gangue,and the average accuracy of infrared image recognition for coal and gangue increased from 79.14%after the First Intervention to 93.75%after the Secondary Intervention,representing an improvement of 14.61%.Furthermore,the average contact angle difference between coal and gangue expanded from 16.64°after the First Intervention to 33.80°after the Secondary Intervention,an increase of 17.16°.Meanwhile,the area difference between coal and gangue increased by 4.94 times.Moreover,based on comprehensive analysis of the temperature difference,accuracy of morphological identification,as well as the contact angle and area of droplets,the eco-friendly compound surfactant(EFCS)of Soapnut Saponin(SS)+CTAB with a concentration of0.06 wt%demonstrated optimal performance.These findings advance liquid intervention techniques for infrared-based recognition and support the development of greener,more intelligent coal production systems.展开更多
Accurate taxonomic identification based on mammalian craniodental features remains critical for evolutionary,ecological,and paleontological research,yet conventional approaches are time-intensive and demand expert inp...Accurate taxonomic identification based on mammalian craniodental features remains critical for evolutionary,ecological,and paleontological research,yet conventional approaches are time-intensive and demand expert input.To overcome these limitations,a deep learning framework,HISNET-FF,was developed with a dual-stream architecture that integrates global cranial morphology with local diagnostic signals from teeth and auditory bullae.The model operates within a hierarchical classification pipeline,processing from genus-level discrimination to species-level resolution.Evaluation on an extensive image dataset encompassing 51 species across 18 genera of Talpidae achieved exceptional accuracy at both the genus(99.6%±0.4%)and species(96.5%±1.3%)levels.This species-level performance substantially exceeded that of single-stream models employing either flat(91.2%±2.3%)or hierarchical(93.9%±2.1%)strategies.To support endto-end automation,a YOLO-based annotation module was implemented to localize key morphological traits with 97.8%recall,97.9%precision,and 81.5%mean average precision(mAP@[.50:.95]).Incorporating this module incurred only a marginal reduction of 1.9%in identification accuracy.Thus,HISNET-FF offers a robust and accurate framework that accelerates morphology-based species identification and enables automated taxonomic classification,with strong potential for broader implementation across diverse biological research domains.展开更多
Dear Editor,Tadpoles play vital roles in many aquatic ecosystems and show considerable morphological diversity(Altig and Mc Diarmid,1999).Understanding the morphology and ecology of these larval stages is therefore es...Dear Editor,Tadpoles play vital roles in many aquatic ecosystems and show considerable morphological diversity(Altig and Mc Diarmid,1999).Understanding the morphology and ecology of these larval stages is therefore essential for comprehending the ecological requirements of specific anuran species(Inger,1985;Dubois,2010).The Xizang Autonomous Region is home to highly diverse amphibian communities,with more than 58 species identified to date(Che et al.,2020).展开更多
Electrochemical models,characterized by high fidelity and physical interpretability,have been applied in var-ious fields such as fast charging,battery state estimation,and battery material design.Currently,widely util...Electrochemical models,characterized by high fidelity and physical interpretability,have been applied in var-ious fields such as fast charging,battery state estimation,and battery material design.Currently,widely utilized single particle-based model exhibits high computational efficiency but suffers from low simulation accuracy under high-rate charge/discharge conditions.In this work,an electrochemical model for lithium-ion batteries based on multi-particle hypothesis is developed.Two particles are employed to represent the electrode char-acteristics of the positive and negative electrodes,respectively.Through theoretical derivation,mathematical equations are established to describe various processes within the battery,including solid-phase diffusion,li-quidphase diffusion,reaction polarization,and ohmic polarization.In addition,a method for obtaining model parameters is proposed.Finally,the model is experimentally validated by using lithium iron phosphate and nickel-cobalt-manganese lithium-ion batteries under constant current conditions.The identified battery elec-trochemical model parameters are within reasonable accuracy as evidenced by the experimental validation results.展开更多
Timely identification of accelerating precursors and performing reliable time-to-failure analysis are the key components in the management of slope failure risks.This study focuses on rock slope failures and proposes ...Timely identification of accelerating precursors and performing reliable time-to-failure analysis are the key components in the management of slope failure risks.This study focuses on rock slope failures and proposes a framework for online identification of accelerating precursors and dynamic probabilistic prediction of failure time grounded in Bayesian inference.By integrating the Bayesian online changepoint detection(BOCD)method with a typical dimensionless trend(TDT)model,the BOCD-TDT algorithm is first developed for online identification of acceleration events and their corresponding onset of acceleration(OA).Subsequently,a Bayesian approach is employed to estimate the parameters of the inverse velocity(INV)method,enabling the dynamic probabilistic prediction of slope failure time while quantifying observational and model uncertainties across different accelerating deformation stages.Building on this,the influence of starting point(SP)selection,trend update(TU),and multi-data fusion on prediction reliability is evaluated,and a novel decision criterion for impending slope failure is proposed.The feasibility of the proposed methods is then validated using 73 rock slope failure cases.Results show that using INV data,the BOCD-TDT algorithm can reliably identify acceleration events and the corresponding OA.In time-to-failure analysis,the reliability of dynamic failure predictions can be enhanced by incorporating both observational and model uncertainties corresponding to the deformation stages into the Bayesian prediction model,along with TU detection and multi-data fusion.The proposed failure probability criterion provides valuable guidance for the identification of impending failure and the establishment of ultimate alert thresholds.展开更多
Simultaneous identification and quantitative detection of phenylenediamine(PDA)isomers,including o-phenylenediamine(OPD),m-phenylenediamine(MPD),and p-phenylenediamine(PPD),are essential for environmental risk assessm...Simultaneous identification and quantitative detection of phenylenediamine(PDA)isomers,including o-phenylenediamine(OPD),m-phenylenediamine(MPD),and p-phenylenediamine(PPD),are essential for environmental risk assessment and human health protection.However,current visual detection methods can only distinguish individual PDA isomers and failed to identify binary or ternary mixtures.Herein,a highly active and ultrastable peroxidase(POD)-like CoPt graphitic nanozyme was used for naked-eye identification and colorimetric/fluorescent(FL)dual-mode quantitative detection of PDA isomers.The CoPt@G nanozyme effectively catalyzed the oxidation of OPD,MPD,PPD,OPD+PPD,OPD+MPD,MPD+PPD and OPD+MPD+PPD into yellow,colorless,lilac,yellow,yellow,wine red and reddish-brown products,respectively,in the presence of H2O2.Thus,the MPD,PPD,MPD+PPD and OPD+MPD+PPD were easily identified based on the distinct color of their oxidation products,and the OPD,OPD+PPD,OPD+MPD could be further identified by the additional addition of MPD or PPD.Subsequently,CoPt@G/H2O2-,a 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)/CoPt@G/H2O2-,and MPD/CoPt@G/H2O2-enabled colorimetric/FL dual-mode platforms for the quantitative detection of OPD,MPD and PPD were proposed.The experimental results illustrated that the constructed sensing platforms exhibit satisfactory sensitivity,comparable to that reported in previous studies.Finally,the evaluation of PDAs in water samples was realized,yielding satisfactory recoveries.This work expanded the application prospects of nanozymes in assessing environmental risks and protection of human security.展开更多
This paper introduces a geometry-based method to model wind turbine states and predict faults using a deep convolutional neural network(DCNN).Initially,3D-point cloud models are constructed in spaces defined by wind s...This paper introduces a geometry-based method to model wind turbine states and predict faults using a deep convolutional neural network(DCNN).Initially,3D-point cloud models are constructed in spaces defined by wind speed,power,and various auxiliary variables.Subsequently,the geometry feature of the point cloud in the 3D space is extracted,forming a 3D surface represented in the R,G,or B channels.For identification purposes,this 3D surface is transformed into a 2D image,with grayscale used to depict height.Additionally,the grayscale representing external environmental information sets the background of the 2D image.Consequently,the resulting stacked RGB image model encapsulates the necessary dynamic behavior and operating states of the wind turbine system.Finally,the DCNN,trained using the stacked image model through Xception-based transfer learning,identifies operating states and predicts faults.This paper’s method,which relies on the geometric distribution characteristics of sampling points rather than horizon characteristics,offers a novel perspective on wind turbine state identification and fault prediction.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves exceptionally high accuracy in identifying the wind turbine’s operating state and predicts faults with up to 93.875%accuracy.展开更多
As important sources of new drugs,natural products(NPs)are conceptually biosynthesized from simple structural pioneers(i.e.building blocks).The traditional non-targeted purification strategy extensively suffers from t...As important sources of new drugs,natural products(NPs)are conceptually biosynthesized from simple structural pioneers(i.e.building blocks).The traditional non-targeted purification strategy extensively suffers from the time-consuming and laborious bottlenecks.Fortunately,liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS)-guided separations widely succeed in recent decades.However,it is still challenging for LC–MS/MS to precisely capture new NPs.Efficiently extracting information from the chaotic chemical composition and confident structural annotation are two primary technical barriers for pursuing the interesting structures,particularly those exhibiting trace distributions and high-level structural complexity.Here,to provide accurate guidance for the follow-up phytochemical purification,molecular defect filtering(MDF)and feature-based molecular networking(FBMN)[1]were incorporated to explore NPs and thereafter,bottom-up structural analysis was undertaken through identifying building blocks with full exciting energy ramp(FEER)-MS 3 matching.Sesquiterpene-chromone hybrids(SCHs)structurally configured by two building blocks such as units A(chromone)and B(sesquiterpene)[2]in agarwood were characterized as a proof-of-concept.Twenty-five SCHs were captured and identified.Thereof,seven new SCHs were purified with a LC–MS/MS-guided manner and annotated using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy to justify the proposed structures.Moreover,their cell-protective and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated.Together,the incorporation of post-acquisition data processing strategies and FEER-MS 3 spectrum matchingassisted building blocks identification facilitated novel NPs exploration and purification.展开更多
The instability of composite coal-rock structures can easily trigger severe dynamic disasters,such as rockbursts.The application of electric potential(EP)method shows promise for disaster prediction and accurate ident...The instability of composite coal-rock structures can easily trigger severe dynamic disasters,such as rockbursts.The application of electric potential(EP)method shows promise for disaster prediction and accurate identification of coal-rock interfaces.In this study,uniaxial compression experiments were conducted to monitor the EP spatiotemporal response of fine sandstone-coal and coarse sandstone-coal combined samples.EP distribution contour maps and three-dimensional(3D)EP models were utilized to explore the failure mechanisms and identify the interface state.Then the relationship between EP response and force field was examined through numerical simulations.An EP-based multifractal method was utilized to predict rock failure.Results show that the intensity and polarity of EPs differ between coal and rock but are correlated with stress state.The progressive failure features of two types of combined samples differ,triggering distinct EP responses.In the EP contour maps,the EP level increases with increasing height,and a low-intensity signal band appears around the interface before failure.When failure occurs,the EP field changes,and the low-intensity signal band becomes distorted.The 3D EP models effectively visualize the progressive failure of combined samples and clearly identify the interface location,similar to acoustic emission(AE)location.The evolution of force chain field is closely related to EP generation,and sparse strong force chain fields leads to a significant increase in EP level.Furthermore,the EPs display multifractal features,with precursory information being reflected in Δα and Δf.This study provides new ideas for early-warning of composite coal-rock and coal-rock interface identification.展开更多
Research on the modeling of bolted connection structures primarily centers on the characterization of the connection interface.Accurate equivalent modeling of the connection interface is crucial for the effective mode...Research on the modeling of bolted connection structures primarily centers on the characterization of the connection interface.Accurate equivalent modeling of the connection interface is crucial for the effective modeling of bolted connection structures.This article considers the misalignment between the bolt plane and the beam plane,and establishes a modified joint element representing the bolted connection by using the seriesstiffness method.The contact stiffness in this modified joint element are identified using a genetic algorithm with an “emperor selection” strategy.The bolted connection beam model is achieved by refining the Euler-Bernoulli beam model through the incorporation of a modified joint element.The maximum error between the model calculation results and experimental results for each order of natural frequency is 2.39%.This demonstrates the feasibility of accurately characterizing the bolted connection beam through the utilization of the modified joint element for equivalent modeling.This research proposes a modeling method for bolted connection beams that accounts for the misalignment between the bolt plane and the beam plane,significantly enhancing modeling accuracy.展开更多
The technology of locating magnetic anomaly targets via geomagnetic eld measurements has been increasingly widely applied,with multiple magnetic anomaly target localization emerging as a critical research direction.Ho...The technology of locating magnetic anomaly targets via geomagnetic eld measurements has been increasingly widely applied,with multiple magnetic anomaly target localization emerging as a critical research direction.However,when two magnetic anomaly targets are horizontally close but vertically separated,traditional clustering-based localization methods tend to omit the deeper target.To address this issue,we propose an improved clustering-based localization method for multiple magnetic anomaly targets,which integrates two core innovations:the introduction of a reference target to establish a benchmark for normal magnetic moment distribution,and the utilization of spatial distribution characteristics of magnetic moment estimates to judge the presence of omitted targets.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method not only achieves accurate localization of conventional targets but also eectively identies the omission of deeper targets,providing a reliable basis for determining whether supplementary localization steps are required.展开更多
Agile lithology identification can assist mining by providing important information in the exploration and production of mineral resources.This study proposes a new lithology recognition procedure using video-logging ...Agile lithology identification can assist mining by providing important information in the exploration and production of mineral resources.This study proposes a new lithology recognition procedure using video-logging of boreholes with an endoscope,applied to six production blocks in a limestone quarry.Images are automatically extracted from the videos and the lithology is classified into three classes based on clay content,i.e.massive limestone,brecciated limestone,and high amount of clay.The image quality is evaluated with a gray pixel intensity threshold and three no-reference image quality metrics,i.e.perception-based image quality evaluator,natural image quality evaluator,and blindeferenceless image spatial quality evaluator.After removing low-quality images,7583 images are retained and used for developing lithology classification models using six optimized classification techniques.The contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization(CLAHE)technique is used to improve image quality.Ten color characteristics involving three percentiles of red,green and blue pixel intensities,together with color counting and five texture characteristics-correlation,entropy,homogeneity,contrast and energy-are used as inputs.Bayesian optimized light gradient boosting machine model performs best,with an overall accuracy of 88.04%,and a precision on the classes of massive limestone,brecciated limestone and high amount of clay of 90.72%,83.52%and 85.29%,respectively,for the testing set.The feature importance scores show that the color counting is the most significant parameter for the development of the classification model.Compared with previous image-based methodologies,this study provides a more flexible and cheaper procedure to identify lithology.展开更多
Discrete memristive neuron systems have attracted considerable attention due to their nonlinear dynamical properties,low computational overhead,and ease of hardware implementation.For the practical engineering applica...Discrete memristive neuron systems have attracted considerable attention due to their nonlinear dynamical properties,low computational overhead,and ease of hardware implementation.For the practical engineering applications of discrete memristive neuron systems,effective control remains a key issue.Parameter identification using intelligent optimization algorithms is an important approach for controlling complex nonlinear systems.However,classical algorithms are prone to falling into local optima and often exhibit high computational complexity,resulting in slow convergence.Therefore,a new algorithm named adaptive chaos game optimization(ACGO)is proposed to address these issues.By introducing a differential evolution mutation strategy and a Cauchy adaptive parameter mechanism,the ACGO algorithm can effectively balance global exploration and local exploitation capabilities.To verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm,it is applied to parameter identification in five discrete memristive neuron maps(DMNMs)and compared with seven intelligent optimization algorithms.Simulation results demonstrate that the ACGO algorithm achieves higher accuracy and faster convergence.In addition,an in-depth investigation is conducted into the effects of sample size and objective function on identification performance.The results indicate that setting the sample size to 4 and selecting the mean squared error(MSE)as the objective function can achieve better identification performance and a high level of robustness.展开更多
The rapid identification of γ-emitting radionuclides with low activity levels in public areas is crucial for nuclear safety.However,classical methods rely on full-energy peaks in the integral spectrum,requiring suffi...The rapid identification of γ-emitting radionuclides with low activity levels in public areas is crucial for nuclear safety.However,classical methods rely on full-energy peaks in the integral spectrum,requiring sufficient count accumulation for evaluation,thereby limiting response time.The sequential Bayesian approach,which utilizes prior information and considers both photon energies and interarrival times,can significantly enhance the performance of radionuclides identification.This study proposes a theoretical optimization method for the traditional sequential Bayesian approach.Each photon is processed sequentially,and the corresponding posterior probability is updated in real time using a noninformative prior from the Bayesian theory.By comparing the posterior probabilities of the background and radionuclides based on the energy variance and time interval,the type of γ-rays can be identified(background characteristic γ-rays,Compton plateaus γ-rays,or radionuclide-specific characteristic γ-rays).By integrating the information from these multiple characteristic γ-rays,the presence and type of radionuclides were determined based on the final decision function and a set threshold.Based on theoretical research,verification experiments were conducted using a LaBr3(Ce)detector in both low-and natural background radiation environments with typical radionuclides(137Cs,60Co,and 133Ba).The results show that this approach can identify 137Cs in 7.9 s and 8.5 s(source dose rate contribution:approximately 6.5×10−3μGy/h),60Co in 8.1 s and 9.8 s(approximately 4.8×10−2μGy/h),and 133Ba in 4.05 s and 5.99 s(approximately 3.4×10−2μGy/h)under low and natural background radiation,respectively,with a miss rate below 0.01%.This demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach for fast radionuclides identification,even at low activity levels and highlights its potential for enhancing public safety in diverse radiation environments.展开更多
Persistent Infrequent Flows(PIFs)refer to the packet flows that last for a long time but always at low frequencies in network traffic.Accurate identification of the PIFs plays a vital role in intrusion detection,attac...Persistent Infrequent Flows(PIFs)refer to the packet flows that last for a long time but always at low frequencies in network traffic.Accurate identification of the PIFs plays a vital role in intrusion detection,attack prevention,traffic engineering,and other network fields.However,existing methods often require to save all flows for finding out the PIFs due to their infrequency feature,which brings about the problem of low identification accuracy and high memory overhead.To solve this problem,this paper proposes an accurate PIF identification method with low overhead called PIF-Identifier,composed of a new-flow discriminator and a PIF tracker.Specifically,we first design a compact new-flow discriminator by applying probabilistic data structures,to quickly determine whether a packet flow arrives for the first time within current time window.Then we design a PIF tracker to accurately identify and report persistent infrequent flows.In the PIF tracker,we configure a small-size frequency counter for each tracked flow in accordance with the frequency threshold of the PIF,without sacrificing the accuracy of PIF identification.Furthermore,we design a probabilistic replacement strategy based on the number of time windows of flow persistence,to accommodate newly arrived potential PIFs when there is no vacancy in their mapped buckets of the PIF tracker.Finally,we evaluate the performance of our proposed PIF-Identifier by theoretical analysis and experimental verification with real network traffic traces.Experimental results indicate that the PIF-Identifier achieves the precision of 100%,much higher recall rate and F1 score,as well as lower average relative error than the state-of-the-art methods,significantly promoting the identification performance of persistent infrequent flows.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:82071349)Sichuan Science and Technology Program,China(Grant No.:2025ZNSFSC0703)+3 种基金Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:82204513)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,China(Grant No.:2023NSFSC1673)Innovation Guidance Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province,China(Grant No.:SCU2023D005)Scientific Research Staring Foundation of Sichuan University,China(Grant No.:YJ202165).
摘要Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-Cas9 screening technology is redefining the landscape of drug discovery and therapeutic target identification by providing a precise and scalable platform for functional genomics.The development of extensive single-guide RNA(sgRNA)libraries enables high-throughput screening(HTS)that systematically investigates gene-drug interactions across the genome.This powerful approach has found broad applications in identifying drug targets for various diseases,including cancer,infectious diseases,metabolic disorders,and neurodegenerative conditions,playing a crucial role in elucidating drug mechanisms and facilitating drug screening.Despite challenges like off-target effects,data complexity,and ethical or regulatory concerns,ongoing advancements in CRISPR technology and bioinformatics are steadily overcoming these limitations.Additionally,by integrating with organoid models,artificial intelligence(AI),and big data technologies,CRISPR screening expands the scale,intelligence,and automation of drug discovery.This integration boosts data analysis efficiency and offers robust support for uncovering new therapeutic targets and mechanisms.This review outlines the fundamental principles and applications of CRISPR screening technology,delves into specific case studies and technical challenges,and highlights its expanding role in drug discovery and target identification.It also examines the potential for clinical translation and addresses the associated ethical and regulatory considerations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42130719 and 42177173)the Doctoral Direct Train Project of Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.CSTB2023NSCQ-BSX0029).
摘要Underground engineering projects such as deep tunnel excavation often encounter rockburst disasters accompanied by numerous microseismic events.Rapid interpretation of microseismic signals is crucial for the timely identification of rockbursts.However,conventional processing encompasses multi-step workflows,including classification,denoising,picking,locating,and computational analysis,coupled with manual intervention,which collectively compromise the reliability of early warnings.To address these challenges,this study innovatively proposes the“microseismic stethoscope"-a multi-task machine learning and deep learning model designed for the automated processing of massive microseismic signals.This model efficiently extracts three key parameters that are necessary for recognizing rockburst disasters:rupture location,microseismic energy,and moment magnitude.Specifically,the model extracts raw waveform features from three dedicated sub-networks:a classifier for source zone classification,and two regressors for microseismic energy and moment magnitude estimation.This model demonstrates superior efficiency compared to traditional processing and semi-automated processing,reducing per-event processing time from 0.71 s to 0.49 s to merely 0.036 s.It concurrently achieves 98%accuracy in source zone classification,with microseismic energy and moment magnitude estimation errors of 0.13 and 0.05,respectively.This model has been well applied and validated in the Daxiagu Tunnel case in Sichuan,China.The application results indicate that the model is as accurate as traditional methods in determining source parameters,and thus can be used to identify potential geomechanical processes of rockburst disasters.By enhancing the signal processing reliability of microseismic events,the proposed model in this study presents a significant advancement in the identification of rockburst disasters.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program—General Program(Grant No.2025JC-YBMS712)。
摘要Spectral distortions in photon-counting detectors(PCDs)fundamentally limit the quantitative accuracy of material identification.While machine learning is used for compensation,current data-driven methods often lack physical constraints,limiting their interpretability and reliability across varying conditions.To address this issue,we propose a physics-informed neural network(PINN)framework that explicitly embeds the Beer-Lambert law into the learning architecture.By integrating an explicit differential layer to extract high-order curvature features from distorted spectra,the model enables direct inference of the effective atomic number and areal density.This approach effectively leverages the Z-dependent non-linear profile of the photoelectric effect,even when explicit absorption edges are outside the primary detection window.Simulation results establish a high-precision benchmark for Zeffestimation in the target low-Z range(613),with an RMSE of 0.2111.Experimental validation on a CdZnTe-PCD further demonstrates that this accuracy improvement is preserved under realistic pulse pile-up and noise conditions,achieving an RMSE of 0.2457 and an R2of 0.9670.Compared with conventional physical correction methods(typically±0.5 error margin),the proposed framework provides improved precision,with 92.86%of Zeffestimation errors falling within±0.4,corresponding to an approximately 20%tighter error bound.These results confirm that the proposed framework effectively mitigates spectral distortion,providing a robust,calibration-free solution for precise material identification of low-Z materials in industrial non-destructive testing.
基金financially supported by the Jiangsu Provincial Key R&D Program(Modern Agriculture)(BE2023313)Chinese Universities Scientific Fund(2025TC144,2025TC149)+3 种基金Beijing Nova Program(2023067)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32401899)Pinduoduo-China Agricultural University Research Fund(PC2023A01003)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-02)。
摘要Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is one of the most important staple crops globally.Doubled haploid technology enables rapid development of pure lines and has been extended from maize to several other crop species.A key step in DH breeding is the identification of haploids from diploids,which requires accurate and convenient phenotypic markers.In this study,we generated two wheat haploid inducers carrying different markers by a one-step strategy.One harbored a dual fluorescent marker system consisting of eGFP and TagRFP,the other carried a RUBY reporter.Both markers enabled near 100% accuracy of haploid identification at the immature embryo,mature embryo,and germinating seedling stages.Moreover,both lines consistently exhibited a high and stable haploid induction rate(~20%).This study not only provides efficient wheat haploid inducers but also establishes a convenient pipeline for developing haploid induction systems in other crop species.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52207228)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(No.3224070)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52077208).
摘要The growing use of lithium-ion batteries in electric transportation and grid-scale storage systems has intensified the need for accurate and highly generalizable state-of-health(SOH)estimation.Conventional approaches often suffer from reduced accuracy under dynamically uncertain state-of-charge(SOC)operating ranges and heterogeneous aging stresses.This study presents a unified SOH estimation framework that integrates physics-informed modeling,subspace identification,and Transformer-based learning.A reduced-order model is derived from simplified electrochemical dynamics,providing an interpretable and computationally efficient representation of battery behavior.Subspace identification across a wide SOC and SOH range yields degradation-sensitive features,which the Transformer uses to capture long-range aging dynamics via multi-head self-attention.Experiments on LiFePO4 cells under joint-cell training show consistently accurate SOH estimation,with a maximum error of 1.39%,demonstrating the framework’s effectiveness in decoupling SOC and SOH effects.In cross-cell validation,where training and validation are performed on different cells,the model maintains a maximum error of 2.06%,confirming strong generalization to unseen aging trajectories.Comparative experiments on LiFePO4and public LiCoO2datasets confirm the framework’s cross-chemistry applicability.By extracting low-dimensional,physically interpretable features via subspace identification,the framework significantly reduces training cost while maintaining high SOH estimation accuracy,outperforming conventional data-driven models lacking physical guidance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52374148,52204163,and 52121003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2025JCCXNY02 and 2023YQTD02)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining(No.GJNY-23-37-06).
摘要Accurate in-situ identification of coal and gangue is critical for intelligent mining,particularly in longwall top coal caving(LTCC)mining,where it enables precise control of the gangue mixed ratio and enhances resource recovery.This study introduces a Secondary Intervention strategy to augment the conventional“liquid intervention+infrared detection”approach.Results demonstrate that Secondary Intervention can consistently enhance the thermal contrast between coal and gangue,and the average accuracy of infrared image recognition for coal and gangue increased from 79.14%after the First Intervention to 93.75%after the Secondary Intervention,representing an improvement of 14.61%.Furthermore,the average contact angle difference between coal and gangue expanded from 16.64°after the First Intervention to 33.80°after the Secondary Intervention,an increase of 17.16°.Meanwhile,the area difference between coal and gangue increased by 4.94 times.Moreover,based on comprehensive analysis of the temperature difference,accuracy of morphological identification,as well as the contact angle and area of droplets,the eco-friendly compound surfactant(EFCS)of Soapnut Saponin(SS)+CTAB with a concentration of0.06 wt%demonstrated optimal performance.These findings advance liquid intervention techniques for infrared-based recognition and support the development of greener,more intelligent coal production systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170452)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022B1515020033)+4 种基金Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund(U23A20161)Open Project of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands,Hainan Normal University(HNSF-OP-2024-3)Guangzhou Higher Education Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Engineering Special Talent Training Plan Project(2022ZXRCPR007)Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung(BMBF Project KI-Morph 05D2022)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2601200)。
摘要Accurate taxonomic identification based on mammalian craniodental features remains critical for evolutionary,ecological,and paleontological research,yet conventional approaches are time-intensive and demand expert input.To overcome these limitations,a deep learning framework,HISNET-FF,was developed with a dual-stream architecture that integrates global cranial morphology with local diagnostic signals from teeth and auditory bullae.The model operates within a hierarchical classification pipeline,processing from genus-level discrimination to species-level resolution.Evaluation on an extensive image dataset encompassing 51 species across 18 genera of Talpidae achieved exceptional accuracy at both the genus(99.6%±0.4%)and species(96.5%±1.3%)levels.This species-level performance substantially exceeded that of single-stream models employing either flat(91.2%±2.3%)or hierarchical(93.9%±2.1%)strategies.To support endto-end automation,a YOLO-based annotation module was implemented to localize key morphological traits with 97.8%recall,97.9%precision,and 81.5%mean average precision(mAP@[.50:.95]).Incorporating this module incurred only a marginal reduction of 1.9%in identification accuracy.Thus,HISNET-FF offers a robust and accurate framework that accelerates morphology-based species identification and enables automated taxonomic classification,with strong potential for broader implementation across diverse biological research domains.
摘要Dear Editor,Tadpoles play vital roles in many aquatic ecosystems and show considerable morphological diversity(Altig and Mc Diarmid,1999).Understanding the morphology and ecology of these larval stages is therefore essential for comprehending the ecological requirements of specific anuran species(Inger,1985;Dubois,2010).The Xizang Autonomous Region is home to highly diverse amphibian communities,with more than 58 species identified to date(Che et al.,2020).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52407238,52177210)the Youth Foundation of Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.ZR2023QE036).
摘要Electrochemical models,characterized by high fidelity and physical interpretability,have been applied in var-ious fields such as fast charging,battery state estimation,and battery material design.Currently,widely utilized single particle-based model exhibits high computational efficiency but suffers from low simulation accuracy under high-rate charge/discharge conditions.In this work,an electrochemical model for lithium-ion batteries based on multi-particle hypothesis is developed.Two particles are employed to represent the electrode char-acteristics of the positive and negative electrodes,respectively.Through theoretical derivation,mathematical equations are established to describe various processes within the battery,including solid-phase diffusion,li-quidphase diffusion,reaction polarization,and ohmic polarization.In addition,a method for obtaining model parameters is proposed.Finally,the model is experimentally validated by using lithium iron phosphate and nickel-cobalt-manganese lithium-ion batteries under constant current conditions.The identified battery elec-trochemical model parameters are within reasonable accuracy as evidenced by the experimental validation results.
基金financial support from the Major Project of Guangxi Science and Technology(Grant No.AA23023016)Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Special Project(Grant No.AD23026111)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2024GXNSFBA010226)。
摘要Timely identification of accelerating precursors and performing reliable time-to-failure analysis are the key components in the management of slope failure risks.This study focuses on rock slope failures and proposes a framework for online identification of accelerating precursors and dynamic probabilistic prediction of failure time grounded in Bayesian inference.By integrating the Bayesian online changepoint detection(BOCD)method with a typical dimensionless trend(TDT)model,the BOCD-TDT algorithm is first developed for online identification of acceleration events and their corresponding onset of acceleration(OA).Subsequently,a Bayesian approach is employed to estimate the parameters of the inverse velocity(INV)method,enabling the dynamic probabilistic prediction of slope failure time while quantifying observational and model uncertainties across different accelerating deformation stages.Building on this,the influence of starting point(SP)selection,trend update(TU),and multi-data fusion on prediction reliability is evaluated,and a novel decision criterion for impending slope failure is proposed.The feasibility of the proposed methods is then validated using 73 rock slope failure cases.Results show that using INV data,the BOCD-TDT algorithm can reliably identify acceleration events and the corresponding OA.In time-to-failure analysis,the reliability of dynamic failure predictions can be enhanced by incorporating both observational and model uncertainties corresponding to the deformation stages into the Bayesian prediction model,along with TU detection and multi-data fusion.The proposed failure probability criterion provides valuable guidance for the identification of impending failure and the establishment of ultimate alert thresholds.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2403500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22225401)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2020RC4017)the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects(No.ZK[2023]293).
摘要Simultaneous identification and quantitative detection of phenylenediamine(PDA)isomers,including o-phenylenediamine(OPD),m-phenylenediamine(MPD),and p-phenylenediamine(PPD),are essential for environmental risk assessment and human health protection.However,current visual detection methods can only distinguish individual PDA isomers and failed to identify binary or ternary mixtures.Herein,a highly active and ultrastable peroxidase(POD)-like CoPt graphitic nanozyme was used for naked-eye identification and colorimetric/fluorescent(FL)dual-mode quantitative detection of PDA isomers.The CoPt@G nanozyme effectively catalyzed the oxidation of OPD,MPD,PPD,OPD+PPD,OPD+MPD,MPD+PPD and OPD+MPD+PPD into yellow,colorless,lilac,yellow,yellow,wine red and reddish-brown products,respectively,in the presence of H2O2.Thus,the MPD,PPD,MPD+PPD and OPD+MPD+PPD were easily identified based on the distinct color of their oxidation products,and the OPD,OPD+PPD,OPD+MPD could be further identified by the additional addition of MPD or PPD.Subsequently,CoPt@G/H2O2-,a 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)/CoPt@G/H2O2-,and MPD/CoPt@G/H2O2-enabled colorimetric/FL dual-mode platforms for the quantitative detection of OPD,MPD and PPD were proposed.The experimental results illustrated that the constructed sensing platforms exhibit satisfactory sensitivity,comparable to that reported in previous studies.Finally,the evaluation of PDAs in water samples was realized,yielding satisfactory recoveries.This work expanded the application prospects of nanozymes in assessing environmental risks and protection of human security.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61773006)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2022JH/6100100022)Medical–Industrial Intersection Joint Foundation of Liaoning Province(2022-YGJC-14).
摘要This paper introduces a geometry-based method to model wind turbine states and predict faults using a deep convolutional neural network(DCNN).Initially,3D-point cloud models are constructed in spaces defined by wind speed,power,and various auxiliary variables.Subsequently,the geometry feature of the point cloud in the 3D space is extracted,forming a 3D surface represented in the R,G,or B channels.For identification purposes,this 3D surface is transformed into a 2D image,with grayscale used to depict height.Additionally,the grayscale representing external environmental information sets the background of the 2D image.Consequently,the resulting stacked RGB image model encapsulates the necessary dynamic behavior and operating states of the wind turbine system.Finally,the DCNN,trained using the stacked image model through Xception-based transfer learning,identifies operating states and predicts faults.This paper’s method,which relies on the geometric distribution characteristics of sampling points rather than horizon characteristics,offers a novel perspective on wind turbine state identification and fault prediction.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves exceptionally high accuracy in identifying the wind turbine’s operating state and predicts faults with up to 93.875%accuracy.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Program No.:2018YFC1706402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:82003912)the 2022 Young Qihuang Scholars Cultivation Program(Program No.:256[2022])from the Human Resources and Education Department of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
摘要As important sources of new drugs,natural products(NPs)are conceptually biosynthesized from simple structural pioneers(i.e.building blocks).The traditional non-targeted purification strategy extensively suffers from the time-consuming and laborious bottlenecks.Fortunately,liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS)-guided separations widely succeed in recent decades.However,it is still challenging for LC–MS/MS to precisely capture new NPs.Efficiently extracting information from the chaotic chemical composition and confident structural annotation are two primary technical barriers for pursuing the interesting structures,particularly those exhibiting trace distributions and high-level structural complexity.Here,to provide accurate guidance for the follow-up phytochemical purification,molecular defect filtering(MDF)and feature-based molecular networking(FBMN)[1]were incorporated to explore NPs and thereafter,bottom-up structural analysis was undertaken through identifying building blocks with full exciting energy ramp(FEER)-MS 3 matching.Sesquiterpene-chromone hybrids(SCHs)structurally configured by two building blocks such as units A(chromone)and B(sesquiterpene)[2]in agarwood were characterized as a proof-of-concept.Twenty-five SCHs were captured and identified.Thereof,seven new SCHs were purified with a LC–MS/MS-guided manner and annotated using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy to justify the proposed structures.Moreover,their cell-protective and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated.Together,the incorporation of post-acquisition data processing strategies and FEER-MS 3 spectrum matchingassisted building blocks identification facilitated novel NPs exploration and purification.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52574290)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC3004705)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.KYCX24_2913).
摘要The instability of composite coal-rock structures can easily trigger severe dynamic disasters,such as rockbursts.The application of electric potential(EP)method shows promise for disaster prediction and accurate identification of coal-rock interfaces.In this study,uniaxial compression experiments were conducted to monitor the EP spatiotemporal response of fine sandstone-coal and coarse sandstone-coal combined samples.EP distribution contour maps and three-dimensional(3D)EP models were utilized to explore the failure mechanisms and identify the interface state.Then the relationship between EP response and force field was examined through numerical simulations.An EP-based multifractal method was utilized to predict rock failure.Results show that the intensity and polarity of EPs differ between coal and rock but are correlated with stress state.The progressive failure features of two types of combined samples differ,triggering distinct EP responses.In the EP contour maps,the EP level increases with increasing height,and a low-intensity signal band appears around the interface before failure.When failure occurs,the EP field changes,and the low-intensity signal band becomes distorted.The 3D EP models effectively visualize the progressive failure of combined samples and clearly identify the interface location,similar to acoustic emission(AE)location.The evolution of force chain field is closely related to EP generation,and sparse strong force chain fields leads to a significant increase in EP level.Furthermore,the EPs display multifractal features,with precursory information being reflected in Δα and Δf.This study provides new ideas for early-warning of composite coal-rock and coal-rock interface identification.
基金Supported by Science Challenge Project of China (Grant No.TZ2018007)。
摘要Research on the modeling of bolted connection structures primarily centers on the characterization of the connection interface.Accurate equivalent modeling of the connection interface is crucial for the effective modeling of bolted connection structures.This article considers the misalignment between the bolt plane and the beam plane,and establishes a modified joint element representing the bolted connection by using the seriesstiffness method.The contact stiffness in this modified joint element are identified using a genetic algorithm with an “emperor selection” strategy.The bolted connection beam model is achieved by refining the Euler-Bernoulli beam model through the incorporation of a modified joint element.The maximum error between the model calculation results and experimental results for each order of natural frequency is 2.39%.This demonstrates the feasibility of accurately characterizing the bolted connection beam through the utilization of the modified joint element for equivalent modeling.This research proposes a modeling method for bolted connection beams that accounts for the misalignment between the bolt plane and the beam plane,significantly enhancing modeling accuracy.
基金funded by the Youth Project of Basic Research Plan for Natural Sciences in Shaanxi Province,grant number 2024JC-YBQN-0253.
摘要The technology of locating magnetic anomaly targets via geomagnetic eld measurements has been increasingly widely applied,with multiple magnetic anomaly target localization emerging as a critical research direction.However,when two magnetic anomaly targets are horizontally close but vertically separated,traditional clustering-based localization methods tend to omit the deeper target.To address this issue,we propose an improved clustering-based localization method for multiple magnetic anomaly targets,which integrates two core innovations:the introduction of a reference target to establish a benchmark for normal magnetic moment distribution,and the utilization of spatial distribution characteristics of magnetic moment estimates to judge the presence of omitted targets.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method not only achieves accurate localization of conventional targets but also eectively identies the omission of deeper targets,providing a reliable basis for determining whether supplementary localization steps are required.
基金the DigiEcoQuarry project,funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No.101003750supported by the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.202006370006).
摘要Agile lithology identification can assist mining by providing important information in the exploration and production of mineral resources.This study proposes a new lithology recognition procedure using video-logging of boreholes with an endoscope,applied to six production blocks in a limestone quarry.Images are automatically extracted from the videos and the lithology is classified into three classes based on clay content,i.e.massive limestone,brecciated limestone,and high amount of clay.The image quality is evaluated with a gray pixel intensity threshold and three no-reference image quality metrics,i.e.perception-based image quality evaluator,natural image quality evaluator,and blindeferenceless image spatial quality evaluator.After removing low-quality images,7583 images are retained and used for developing lithology classification models using six optimized classification techniques.The contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization(CLAHE)technique is used to improve image quality.Ten color characteristics involving three percentiles of red,green and blue pixel intensities,together with color counting and five texture characteristics-correlation,entropy,homogeneity,contrast and energy-are used as inputs.Bayesian optimized light gradient boosting machine model performs best,with an overall accuracy of 88.04%,and a precision on the classes of massive limestone,brecciated limestone and high amount of clay of 90.72%,83.52%and 85.29%,respectively,for the testing set.The feature importance scores show that the color counting is the most significant parameter for the development of the classification model.Compared with previous image-based methodologies,this study provides a more flexible and cheaper procedure to identify lithology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62501516 and 62572419)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant Nos.2025JJ50391 and 2025JJ50392)the Research Foundation of the Education Department of Hunan Province(Grant Nos.23B0131 and 24A0124)。
摘要Discrete memristive neuron systems have attracted considerable attention due to their nonlinear dynamical properties,low computational overhead,and ease of hardware implementation.For the practical engineering applications of discrete memristive neuron systems,effective control remains a key issue.Parameter identification using intelligent optimization algorithms is an important approach for controlling complex nonlinear systems.However,classical algorithms are prone to falling into local optima and often exhibit high computational complexity,resulting in slow convergence.Therefore,a new algorithm named adaptive chaos game optimization(ACGO)is proposed to address these issues.By introducing a differential evolution mutation strategy and a Cauchy adaptive parameter mechanism,the ACGO algorithm can effectively balance global exploration and local exploitation capabilities.To verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm,it is applied to parameter identification in five discrete memristive neuron maps(DMNMs)and compared with seven intelligent optimization algorithms.Simulation results demonstrate that the ACGO algorithm achieves higher accuracy and faster convergence.In addition,an in-depth investigation is conducted into the effects of sample size and objective function on identification performance.The results indicate that setting the sample size to 4 and selecting the mean squared error(MSE)as the objective function can achieve better identification performance and a high level of robustness.
基金supported by the Program for NIM-Basic Research Business Expenses Key Field Program,China(No.AKYCX2315).
摘要The rapid identification of γ-emitting radionuclides with low activity levels in public areas is crucial for nuclear safety.However,classical methods rely on full-energy peaks in the integral spectrum,requiring sufficient count accumulation for evaluation,thereby limiting response time.The sequential Bayesian approach,which utilizes prior information and considers both photon energies and interarrival times,can significantly enhance the performance of radionuclides identification.This study proposes a theoretical optimization method for the traditional sequential Bayesian approach.Each photon is processed sequentially,and the corresponding posterior probability is updated in real time using a noninformative prior from the Bayesian theory.By comparing the posterior probabilities of the background and radionuclides based on the energy variance and time interval,the type of γ-rays can be identified(background characteristic γ-rays,Compton plateaus γ-rays,or radionuclide-specific characteristic γ-rays).By integrating the information from these multiple characteristic γ-rays,the presence and type of radionuclides were determined based on the final decision function and a set threshold.Based on theoretical research,verification experiments were conducted using a LaBr3(Ce)detector in both low-and natural background radiation environments with typical radionuclides(137Cs,60Co,and 133Ba).The results show that this approach can identify 137Cs in 7.9 s and 8.5 s(source dose rate contribution:approximately 6.5×10−3μGy/h),60Co in 8.1 s and 9.8 s(approximately 4.8×10−2μGy/h),and 133Ba in 4.05 s and 5.99 s(approximately 3.4×10−2μGy/h)under low and natural background radiation,respectively,with a miss rate below 0.01%.This demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach for fast radionuclides identification,even at low activity levels and highlights its potential for enhancing public safety in diverse radiation environments.
基金supported in part by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2023JJ30053,2026JJ81174)Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(22A0232,23A0735).
摘要Persistent Infrequent Flows(PIFs)refer to the packet flows that last for a long time but always at low frequencies in network traffic.Accurate identification of the PIFs plays a vital role in intrusion detection,attack prevention,traffic engineering,and other network fields.However,existing methods often require to save all flows for finding out the PIFs due to their infrequency feature,which brings about the problem of low identification accuracy and high memory overhead.To solve this problem,this paper proposes an accurate PIF identification method with low overhead called PIF-Identifier,composed of a new-flow discriminator and a PIF tracker.Specifically,we first design a compact new-flow discriminator by applying probabilistic data structures,to quickly determine whether a packet flow arrives for the first time within current time window.Then we design a PIF tracker to accurately identify and report persistent infrequent flows.In the PIF tracker,we configure a small-size frequency counter for each tracked flow in accordance with the frequency threshold of the PIF,without sacrificing the accuracy of PIF identification.Furthermore,we design a probabilistic replacement strategy based on the number of time windows of flow persistence,to accommodate newly arrived potential PIFs when there is no vacancy in their mapped buckets of the PIF tracker.Finally,we evaluate the performance of our proposed PIF-Identifier by theoretical analysis and experimental verification with real network traffic traces.Experimental results indicate that the PIF-Identifier achieves the precision of 100%,much higher recall rate and F1 score,as well as lower average relative error than the state-of-the-art methods,significantly promoting the identification performance of persistent infrequent flows.