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Overcoming optical/electrical losses in ultra-thin PEDOT:PSS-based interconnecting layers for efficient tandem solar cells 认领 引用
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作者 Bing Guo Ruihan Wu +8 位作者 Senyao Wang Jiaqi Li Bin Kan Zhaoyang Yao Xiangjian Wan Chenxi Li Lei Meng Yongfang Li Yongsheng Chen 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第4期151-158,I0005,共8页
The interconnecting layer(ICL) plays a critical role in series-connected tandem solar cells(TSCs).However,the PEDOT:PSS layer,commonly used hole transport layer in ICL,still exhibits non-negligible light absorption,wh... The interconnecting layer(ICL) plays a critical role in series-connected tandem solar cells(TSCs).However,the PEDOT:PSS layer,commonly used hole transport layer in ICL,still exhibits non-negligible light absorption,which remains an obstacle to further improve the photovoltaic performance of TSCs.Here,we demonstrate an efficient strategy to mitigate optical and electrical losses in PEDOT:PSS-based ICLs by reconstructing PEDOT:PSS film via alkali metal carbonate(AMC) doping.AMC doping can increase the proportion of PEDOT in PEDOT:PSS thin films,allowing them to be ultra-thin but robust enough to isolate adjacent active layers.Comprehensive characterizations demonstrate that AMC doping promote increased transmittance,decreased resistance and optimized surface morphology for PEDOT:PSS films.As a result,both the short-circuit current density(Jsc) and power conversion efficiency(PCE) are improved after AMC doping in PEDOT:PSS for TSCs with different active layer combinations,exhibiting excellent universality in TSCs application.Notably,the PCEs of organic homo-TSCs and perovskite/organic TSCs with AMC doping reached 20.04 % and 26.05 %,respectively.Our work underscores the great potential of AMC doping in optimizing PEDOT:PSS films in ICL,offering an innovative pathway for fabricating highly efficient TSCs. 展开更多
关键词 Tandem solar cells PEDOT:PSS Interconnecting layer Transmittance Doping
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When Communication Networks Meet Federated Learning for Intelligence Interconnecting:A Comprehensive Survey and Future Perspective 认领 引用
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作者 Sha Zongxuan Huo Ru +3 位作者 Sun Chuang Wang Shuo Huang Tao F.Richard Yu 《China Communications》 SCIE EI CSCD 2025年第7期74-94,共21页
With the rapid development of network technologies,a large number of deployed edge devices and information systems generate massive amounts of data which provide good support for the advancement of data-driven intelli... With the rapid development of network technologies,a large number of deployed edge devices and information systems generate massive amounts of data which provide good support for the advancement of data-driven intelligent models.However,these data often contain sensitive information of users.Federated learning(FL),as a privacy preservation machine learning setting,allows users to obtain a well-trained model without sending the privacy-sensitive local data to the central server.Despite the promising prospect of FL,several significant research challenges need to be addressed before widespread deployment,including network resource allocation,model security,model convergence,etc.In this paper,we first provide a brief survey on some of these works that have been done on FL and discuss the motivations of the Communication Networks(CNs)and FL to mutually enable each other.We analyze the support of network technologies for FL,which requires frequent communication and emphasizes security,as well as the studies on the intelligence of many network scenarios and the improvement of network performance and security by the methods based on FL.At last,some challenges and broader perspectives are explored. 展开更多
关键词 communication networks federated learning intelligence interconnecting machine learning privacy preservation
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Machine learning facilitates the development of interconnecting layers for perovskite/silicon heterojunction tandem solar cells with proof-of-concept efficiency>38% 认领 引用
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作者 Xuejiao Wang Guanlan Chen +12 位作者 Ying Liu Guangyi Wang Wei Han Jin Wang Pengfei Liu Jilei Wang Shaojuan Bao Bo Yu Ying Liu Xinliang Chen Shengzhi Xu Ying Zhao Xiaodan Zhang 《Journal of Semiconductors》 EI CAS CSCD 2025年第11期77-86,共10页
As the development of single-junction solar cells reaches a bottleneck,tandem solar cells have emerged as a critical pathway to further enhance power conversion efficiency.Among them,monolithic perovskite/silicon hete... As the development of single-junction solar cells reaches a bottleneck,tandem solar cells have emerged as a critical pathway to further enhance power conversion efficiency.Among them,monolithic perovskite/silicon heterojunction tandem solar cells are currently the fastest-growing technology,achieving the highest efficiencies at relatively low costs.The intercon-necting layer,which connects the two sub-cells,plays a crucial role in tandem cell performance.It collects electrons and holes from the respective sub-cells and facilitates recombination and tunneling at the interface.Therefore,the properties of the inter-connecting layer are pivotal to the overall device performance.In this work,we applied statistical analysis and machine learn-ing algorithms to systematically analyze the interconnecting layer.A comprehensive dataset on interconnecting layer parame-ters was established,and predictive modeling was performed using Lasso linear regression,random forest,and multilayer per-ceptron(a type of neural network).The analysis revealed key feature importance for experimental parameters,providing valu-able insights into the application of interconnecting layers in perovskite/silicon heterojunction tandem solar cells.The final opti-mized interconnecting layer can achieve a proof-of-concept efficiency of 38.17%,providing guidance and direction for the devel-opment of monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. 展开更多
关键词 perovskite/silicon heterojunction tandem solar cells interconnecting layer machine learning
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Understanding the role of interconnecting layer on determining monolithic perovskite/organic tandem device carrier recombination properties 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Yue-Min Xie Tianqi Niu +5 位作者 Qin Yao Qifan Xue Zixin Zeng Yuanhang Cheng Hin-Lap Yip Yong Cao 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第8期12-19,I0001,共8页
As one of the core parts of two-terminal(2 T) monolithic tandem photovoltaics, the interconnecting layers(ICLs) play a critical role in modulating the carrier transport and recombination between the sub-cells,and thus... As one of the core parts of two-terminal(2 T) monolithic tandem photovoltaics, the interconnecting layers(ICLs) play a critical role in modulating the carrier transport and recombination between the sub-cells,and thus influencing the tandem device performance. Here, for the first time, the relationship between ICLs architecture and 2 T monolithic perovskite/organic tandem device performance has been studied by investigating the change of ICLs composition layer thickness on the ICLs optical and electrical properties, sub-cells EQE properties, and tandem device J-V properties. It is revealed that the ability of ICLs on modulating the sub-cells carrier balance properties is strongly associated with its composited layers thickness, and the tandem device carrier balance properties can be reflected by the relative EQE intensity between the sub-cells. Finally, with a deep understanding of the mechanisms, rational design of ICLs can be made to benefit the tandem device development. Based on the optimized ICL a high PCE of 20.03% is achieved. 展开更多
关键词 Monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells Interconnecting layers(ICLs) Carrier modulating Carrier balance properties
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An interconnecting bus power optimization method combining interconnect wire spacing with wire ordering 认领 引用
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作者 朱樟明 郝报田 +2 位作者 恩云飞 杨银堂 李跃进 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2011年第6期509-516,共8页
On-chip interconnect buses consume tens of percents of dynamic power in a nanometer scale integrated circuit and they will consume more power with the rapid scaling down of technology size and continuously rising cloc... On-chip interconnect buses consume tens of percents of dynamic power in a nanometer scale integrated circuit and they will consume more power with the rapid scaling down of technology size and continuously rising clock frequency, therefore it is meaningful to lower the interconnecting bus power in design. In this paper, a simple yet accurate interconnect parasitic capacitance model is presented first and then, based on this model, a novel interconnecting bus optimization method is proposed. Wire spacing is a process for spacing wires for minimum dynamic power, while wire ordering is a process that searches for wire orders that maximally enhance it. The method, i.e., combining wire spacing with wire ordering, focuses on bus dynamic power optimization with a consideration of bus performance requirements. The optimization method is verified based on various nanometer technology parameters, showing that with 50% slack of routing space, 25.71% and 32.65% of power can be saved on average by the proposed optimization method for a global bus and an intermediate bus, respectively, under a 65-nm technology node, compared with 21.78% and 27.68% of power saved on average by uniform spacing technology. The proposed method is especially suitable for computer-aided design of nanometer scale on-chip buses. 展开更多
关键词 interconnect bus dynamic power wire ordering wire spacing nanometer scale process
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ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSMISSION PROPERTIES OF TAPERED MUTLICONDUCTOR INTERCONNECTING BUSES IN HIGH-SPEED INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 认领 引用
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作者 王秉中 《Journal of Electronics(China)》 1994年第1期22-27,共6页
Analysis approach and formulas for the transmission properties of uniform multicon-ductor interconnecting buses in high-speed integrated circuits are presented in this article. And further, by using a network approach... Analysis approach and formulas for the transmission properties of uniform multicon-ductor interconnecting buses in high-speed integrated circuits are presented in this article. And further, by using a network approach, a tapered bus system can be analyzed as a set of cascaded uniform buses with slightly different strip widths. Obtained results are in good agreement with the experimental data. 展开更多
关键词 High speed integrated circuit Interconnection Transmission lines Network Scattering parameter
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Cantilever beam-based piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer with post processing soft interconnecting strategy for in-air rangefinding 认领 引用
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作者 Yan Wang Peng Chen +2 位作者 Junning Zhang Zihan Li Hongbin Yu 《Microsystems & Nanoengineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2025年第3期181-194,共14页
Despite of good performance immunity to stress and high transmittingeceiving sensitivity advantages,the fabrication imperfection induced asynchronous vibration and the resultant prolonged ring-down tail severely limit... Despite of good performance immunity to stress and high transmittingeceiving sensitivity advantages,the fabrication imperfection induced asynchronous vibration and the resultant prolonged ring-down tail severely limit the potential of the cantilever beam-based piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer(PMUT)in pulse-echo applications as transceiver.To address this issue,a novel post processing soft interconnecting strategy is presented.In this case,specific reservoir structure is intentionally integrated into the cantilever-beam based PMUT design,under the assistance of which the liquid PDMS can be accurately applied and spontaneously driven to seal the air gaps between the already released cantilever beams via the capillary effect.After curing,the PDMS will be transformed from liquid to solid and serve as soft interconnecting spring between adjacent cantilever beams so as to force them to vibrate in synchronous mode.At the same time,this treatment does not change the existing fabrication process and has little effect on the original PMUT performance.From both of the mechanical and acoustic response measurement results,effective suppression for the asynchronous vibration and significant reduction of the ring-down tail have been successfully demonstrated for the treated PMUT device.In the subsequent pulse-echo rangefinding experiment,a distance detection range covering from 270.8 mm to 3.8 m with a divergence angle close to 170°has been achieved when it is driven at resonant frequency of 69.2 kHz with 40 Vpp,40-cycles sinusoidal signal.Given the simple yet effective treatment,the proposed strategy shows great prospective in developing high performance PMUT for in-air rangefinding applications. 展开更多
关键词 post processing ring down tail reservoir structure intentionally integr cantilever beam post processing soft interconnecting strategy soft interconnecting air rangefinding piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer
A high-definition spatially resolved metabolomics method to illuminate the metabolic specificity and interconnection across mouse brain 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Meng Yu Yanhe Zhou +9 位作者 Guanlin Xiao Xinyi Jiang Xiangyi Wang Tong Li Jianpeng Huang Jiamin Gao Junwen Shi Xiuli Gao Zeper Abliz Jiuming He 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第1期527-532,共6页
The brain's functions are governed by molecular metabolic networks.However,due to the sophisticated spatial organization and diverse activities of the brain,characterizing both the minute and large-scale metabolic... The brain's functions are governed by molecular metabolic networks.However,due to the sophisticated spatial organization and diverse activities of the brain,characterizing both the minute and large-scale metabolic activity across the entire brain and its numerous micro-regions remains incredibly challenging.Here,we offer a high-definition spatially resolved metabolomics technique to better understand the metabolic specialization and interconnection throughout the mouse brain using improved ambient mass spectrometry imaging.This method allows for the simultaneous mapping of thousands of metabolites at a 30 μm spatial resolution across the mouse brain,ranging from structural lipids to functional neurotransmitters.This approach effectively reveals the distribution patterns of delicate microregions and their distinctive metabolic characteristics.Using an integrated database,we annotated 259 metabolites,demonstrating that the metabolome and metabolic pathways are unique to each brain microregion.The distribution of metabolites,closely linked to functionally connected brain regions and their interactions,offers profound insights into the complexity of chemical processes and their roles in brain function.An initial dataset for future metabolomics research might be obtained from the high-definition mouse brain's spatial metabolome atlas. 展开更多
关键词 AFADESI-MSI Spatially resolved metabolomics Metabolic specificity and interconnection Mouse brain
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Silicon photonic microring-based eight-channel wavelength-division multiplexing transceiver for high-density optical interconnects 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Shenlei Bao Chao Cheng +6 位作者 Xianglin Bu Houyou Lai Xishan Yu Jianjun Zhou Jintao Xue Wenfu Zhang Binhao Wang 《Advanced Photonics Nexus》 CSCD 2026年第3期82-96,共15页
We demonstrate a fully integrated eight-channel dense wavelength-division multiplexing silicon photonic transceiver supporting 200-Gbps per-channel PAM4 operation,enabling a total chip-to-chip data rate of 1.6 Tbps.Th... We demonstrate a fully integrated eight-channel dense wavelength-division multiplexing silicon photonic transceiver supporting 200-Gbps per-channel PAM4 operation,enabling a total chip-to-chip data rate of 1.6 Tbps.The transmitter employs compact single-bus microring modulators,whereas the receiver adopts a polarization diversity architecture based on cascaded dual-ring filters and integrates a bidirectionally incident photodetector,maintaining stable performance under arbitrary input polarization.A unified multichannel thermo-optic feedback architecture is implemented at both the transmitter and receiver,enabling cooperative link-level wavelength alignment without pre-calibration.This multi-channel parallel control scheme reduces wavelength locking time by~30×while achieving fine wavelength-tracking accuracy of 2.74 pm with negligible thermal overhead.Comprehensive device-and system-level experiments validate the robustness and scalability of the proposed architecture.We uniquely address the critical bottlenecks of high polarization sensitivity and latency in wavelength alignment through a highly integrated silicon photonic architecture.By implementing polarization-splitting grating couplers and synchronized wavelengthlocking schemes,we provide a transformative solution for high-density co-packaged optics.Our approach significantly reduces system footprint,enhances operational reliability,and improves power efficiency,thereby bridging the gap between laboratory demonstrations and practical 1.6-Tbps scale chip-to-chip interconnects. 展开更多
关键词 silicon photonics optical interconnects co-packaged optics optical input/output micro-ring modulators silicongermanium photodiodes wavelength-division multiplexing wavelength stabilization thermal control
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Ectopic osteogenesis and angiogenesis regulated by porous architecture of hydroxyapatite scaffolds with similar interconnecting structure in vivo 认领 引用 被引量：16
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作者 Jinyu Li Wei Zhi +5 位作者 Taotao Xu Feng Shi Ke Duan JianxinWang Yandong Mu Jie Weng 《Regenerative Biomaterials》 SCIE EI 2016年第5期285-297,共13页
The macro-pore sizes of porous scaffold play a key role for regulating ectopic osteogenesis and angiogenesis but many researches ignored the influence of interconnection between macro-pores with different sizes.In ord... The macro-pore sizes of porous scaffold play a key role for regulating ectopic osteogenesis and angiogenesis but many researches ignored the influence of interconnection between macro-pores with different sizes.In order to accurately reveal the relationship between ectopic osteogenesis and macro-pore sizes in dorsal muscle and abdominal cavities of dogs,hydroxyapatite(HA)scaffolds with three different macro-pore sizes of 500–650,750–900 and 1100–1250 mm were prepared via sugar spheres-leaching process,which also had similar interconnecting structure determined by keeping the d/s ratio of interconnecting window diameter to macro-pore size constant.The permeability test showed that the seepage flow of fluid through the porous scaffolds increased with the increase of macro-pore sizes.The cell growth in three scaffolds was not affected by the macro-pore sizes.The in vivo ectopic implantation results indicated that the macro-pore sizes of HA scaffolds with the similar interconnecting structure have impact not only the speed of osteogenesis and angiogenesis but also the space distribution of newly formed bone.The scaffold with macro-pore sizes of 750–900 mm exhibited much faster angiogenesis and osteogenesis,and much more uniformly distribution of new bone than those with othermacro-pore sizes.This work illustrates the importance of a suitable macro-pore sizes in HA scaffolds with the similar interconnecting structure which provides the environment for ectopic osteogenesis and angiogenesis. 展开更多
关键词 hydroxyapatite scaffolds similar interconnecting structure osteogenesis angiogenesis
Recent progress of interconnecting layer for tandem organic solar cells 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Shunmian Lu Dan Ouyang Wallace C.H. Choy 《Science China Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第4期460-471,共12页
This paper has reviewed:(1) the two unique advantages of tandem organic solar cells(OSCs) compared to single OSCs;(2) the challengings as well as strategies to develop qualified interconnecting layer(ICL) for tandem O... This paper has reviewed:(1) the two unique advantages of tandem organic solar cells(OSCs) compared to single OSCs;(2) the challengings as well as strategies to develop qualified interconnecting layer(ICL) for tandem OSCs.More specifically,firstly,the two key advantages unique to tandem OSCs as compared to single OSCs,namely minimizing sub-bandgap transmission and thermalization loss as well as realizing optical thick and electrical thin structures,have been discussed.Secondly,the ICL,as one of the most challenging issue in tandem OSCs that needs to fulfill the optical,electrical and mechanical requirements simultaneously to realize a qualified ICL has been reviewed.As one of the most challenging requirement among the three,the electrical requirement and its corresponding three different solving strategies have been discussed in detail,revealing a bright future for developing a general strategy to realizing qualified ICL composed of different hole transporting layer(HTL) and electron transporting layer(ETL). 展开更多
关键词 tandem organic solar cell interconnecting layer
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Busan Atmosphere Cryosphere Ocean Conference BACO-25:Our Interconnected Earth 认领 引用
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作者 Keith ALVERSON Silvia BLANC +1 位作者 Richard ESSERY Myong-In LEE 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第5期1095-1101,共7页
The IUGG Associations for Atmosphere,Oceans and Cryosphere—IAMAS,IAPSO and IACS—held a Joint Scientific Assembly in Busan,South Korea,from 20 to 25 July 2025.This was the first joint assembly of all three associatio... The IUGG Associations for Atmosphere,Oceans and Cryosphere—IAMAS,IAPSO and IACS—held a Joint Scientific Assembly in Busan,South Korea,from 20 to 25 July 2025.This was the first joint assembly of all three associations since 2009,when they met in Montreal,Canada.It was the first time any of the associations had been hosted in Korea,and it had been two decades since any of them had met in Asia.The choice of Busan as the venue supported high levels of participation and smooth conference operations.The Local Organizing Committee,chaired by Prof.Kyung-Ja Ha of Pusan National University,oversaw the successful organization of the event.The assembly brought together 1725 participants in total,including 1282 researchers and 443 invited participants and individuals involved in side events,exhibitions,media coverage,and volunteer work.Participants came from 46 countries across Asia,Europe,North America,South America,Africa,and Oceania.IAMAS had 736 participants,IAPSO 321,and IACS 225.Survey data from 951 respondents revealed that Early Career Scientists,defined as those within 10 years of receiving their PhD,accounted for approximately 25%of participants.The demographic profile skewed young,with 66%of attendees in their 20s and 30s.The scientific program was organized by Prof.Seon-Ki Park(Chair),the Secretaries General from all three Associations,and the Local Organizing Committee.Reflecting the theme“Our Interconnected Earth,”the scientific program emphasized integrated approaches to climate systems,addressing climate change and environmental challenges through collaborative,transdisciplinary research. 展开更多
关键词 Interconnected Earth IAMAS Busan joint assembly Atmosphere Ocean Conference Cryosphere
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Ultralight N‐Doped Interconnected Porous Carbon From Lignin:Synergistic Structural and Doping Engineering for High‐Performance Electromagnetic Wave Absorption 认领 引用
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作者 Bin‐Peng Zhang Jin Li +5 位作者 Le Qiao Ping‐Xian Feng Zhi‐Yi Huang Qing‐Ao Peng Chen‐Xi Liu Huan Wang 《Rare Metals》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期487-497,共11页
The development of lightweight,high‐attenuation,and broadband carbon‐based electromagnetic wave absorbers is hindered by the intrinsic trade‐off between impedance matching and dielectric dissipation.Herein,we repor... The development of lightweight,high‐attenuation,and broadband carbon‐based electromagnetic wave absorbers is hindered by the intrinsic trade‐off between impedance matching and dielectric dissipation.Herein,we report a facile and scalable synthesis of N‐doped lignin‐derived interconnected porous carbon(Nx‐LIPC)via hydrogen‐bond self‐assembly and subsequent pyrolysis.The synergistic integration of the interconnected porous architecture with multi‐configurational N doping substantially boosts the absorption performance.At an exceptionally low filler loading of 3 wt%,the optimized N0.5‐LIPC achieves a minimum reflection loss of−48.07 dB with a thin matching thickness of 1.9 mm.This performance represents a 350%and 130%enhancement in attenuation intensity compared with the counterparts with only nitrogen doping(N0.5‐LC)or only structural regulation(N0‐LIPC),respectively.Furthermore,N0.5‐LIPC exhibits a broad effective absorption bandwidth of 6.17 GHz at a thickness of 1.7 mm.Mechanistic studies reveal that the three‐dimensional(3D)interconnected network not only facilitates multiple internal reflections and optimizes impedance matching but also strengthens conductive and interfacial polarization losses.Critically,density functional theory calculations corroborate that N incorporation,particularly pyrrolic and pyridinic N,generates strong localized dipoles,introducing additional dipolar polarization loss.This work offers an innovative and sustainable strategy for fabricating high‐performance carbon‐based absorbers from biomass resources. 展开更多
关键词 electromagnetic wave absorption interconnected porous carbon lignin N‐doped carbon synergistic engineering
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Research status and prospect of avionics system technology for spacecraft 认领 引用
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作者 Chaoji CHEN Yaobao YIN +1 位作者 Kewu HUANG Xiongwen HE 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期446-470,共25页
The existing studies on spacecraft focus on improving the networked,intelligent,and autonomous level of avionics systems.This paper reviews the research status of spacecraft avionics system architecture and typical sp... The existing studies on spacecraft focus on improving the networked,intelligent,and autonomous level of avionics systems.This paper reviews the research status of spacecraft avionics system architecture and typical spacecraft avionics system,as well as the technical features and potential trends of key technologies,such as network interconnection,high-speed bus,onboard computing,autonomous operation,and software-defined technology.A development roadmap,a novel kind of intelligent system architecture and application scenarios of avionics systems are then proposed.To tackle the challenges faced in the development of spacecraft avionics systems,suggestions are made from the aspects of system architecture,heterogeneous network interconnection,on-orbit intelligent information processing,Commercial Off-The-Shelf(COTS)products application,and intelligent autonomous management.This provides a guide for the related studies on the development of spacecraft avionics technology. 展开更多
关键词 Autonomous operation Development roadmap High-speed bus Network interconnection Onboard computing Software defined networking Spacecraft avionics System architecture
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GPS-referenced frequency combs for coherent short-reach optical interconnects based on global-FSON architecture 认领 引用
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作者 Lei Liu Feng Liu +3 位作者 Zhicheng Jin Dayu Shi Youzhen Gui William Shieh 《Advanced Photonics Nexus》 CSCD 2026年第3期118-127,共10页
The advent of artificial intelligence,cloud services,and big data applications has propelled the evolution of next-generation high-capacity datacenters.It is highly anticipated that coherent detection will penetrate f... The advent of artificial intelligence,cloud services,and big data applications has propelled the evolution of next-generation high-capacity datacenters.It is highly anticipated that coherent detection will penetrate further into datacenters in the next decade.However,the large number of tunable lasers in data centers makes the optical module structure complex and adds additional thermal power consumption.Meanwhile,optical frequency combs serve as high-precision frequency resolution and wide spectral coverage lasers,holding tremendous potential for the field of wavelength division multiplexing optical communication.Here,we present an innovative global frequency-synchronous optical network(globalFSON)architecture for coherent short-reach optical interconnects by synchronizing optical frequency combs to a global positioning system disciplined oscillator(GPSDO)and distributing them.The globalFSON architecture can share GPS-referenced optical frequency combs as master lasers among different servers,which eliminates the need for a massive number of tunable lasers in datacenter optical interconnects.On this basis,we achieve a reset-free carrier phase recovery analog coherent receiver in the optical domain and demonstrate dual-polarization coherent signals demultiplexing without coherent silicon applicationspecific integrated circuits.We introduce the global-FSON architecture that provides a laser source with absolute stability for all transponders in datacenter coherent optical interconnects.Its implementation would bolster the potential applicability of coherent optical communication in next-generation datacenter coherent optical interconnects. 展开更多
关键词 global positioning system optical frequency comb datacenter optical interconnect analog signal processing
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A Hybrid MZOA-PSO Optimized Cascaded PI(1+DD)-PI-PID Controller for Frequency Stability of Interconnected Power Systems with Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles 认领 引用
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作者 AL-Wesabi Ibrahim Hassan M.Hussein Farh +3 位作者 Jiazhu Xu Mohamad A.Alawad Ahmed Alqurashi Abdullrahman A.Al-Shamma’a 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2026年第7期650-697,共48页
Load frequency control(LFC)in interconnected power systems has always been a challenging task in the presence of uncertainty and variability in the power systems arising primarily due to the integration of renewable e... Load frequency control(LFC)in interconnected power systems has always been a challenging task in the presence of uncertainty and variability in the power systems arising primarily due to the integration of renewable energy sources and the impact of electric vehicles on the power system.Although various PI/PID and other advanced control strategies have been employed for LFC in power systems,the existing methods have shown some limitations in terms of dynamic flexibility and robustness in the presence of nonlinearities and couplings in the power systems.Moreover,the optimization methods employed for the tuning of the controllers have shown some limitations in terms of the balance between global and local search abilities of the optimization functions.To overcome the limitations of the existing methods and optimization functions,a hybrid Modified Zebra Optimization Algorithm-Particle Swarm Optimization(MZOA-PSO)is presented in this paper for the optimization of a cascaded PI(1+DD)-PI-PID controller for LFC in power systems.The MZOA enhances the original ZOA by chaotic initialization,adaptive parameter control,and Lévy-flight foraging to improve the global search ability,while PSO ensures efficient local search ability.The optimizer is first validated using four benchmark functions,achieving the global optimum for the Booth and Zakharov functions,a mean value of 2.13×10−28 with a 98%success rate for Rosenbrock,and 3.21×10−81 for Schwefel 2.22.Under a 1%step load perturbation,the proposed controller achieves a 13 s settling time,zero negative deviation in Area 2,a maximum positive excursion of 0.10 Hz,and tie-line undershoot limited to−0.10 p.u.Under random load variations,deviations remain within±0.03 Hz and±0.02 p.u.Under RES and EV integration,the peak frequency deviation is reduced to 0.46 Hz in Area 1.These results confirm that the proposed hybrid MZOA-PSO tuned cascaded controller provides improved damping,faster stabilization,and stronger robustness for modern interconnected LFC systems. 展开更多
关键词 Load frequency control cascaded PI(1+DD)-PI-PID controller hybrid MZOA-PSO algorithm interconnected power systems performance optimization
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Converging assemblies:A putative building block for brain function and for interfacing with the brain 认领 引用
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作者 Eran Stark Lidor Spivak 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期1124-1125,共2页
The organization of biological neuronal networks into functional modules has intrigued scientists and inspired engineers to develop artificial systems.These networks are characterized by two key properties.First,they ... The organization of biological neuronal networks into functional modules has intrigued scientists and inspired engineers to develop artificial systems.These networks are characterized by two key properties.First,they exhibit dense interconnectivity(Braitenburg and Schüz,1998;Campagnola et al.,2022).The strength and probability of connectivity depend on cell type,inter-neuronal distance,and species.Still,every cortical neuron receives input from thousands of other neurons while transmitting output to a similar number of neurons.Second,communication between neurons occurs primarily via chemical or electrical synapses. 展开更多
关键词 cortical neuron interconnectivity neuronal networks functional modules dense interconnectivity braitenburg artificial systemsthese converging assemblies biological neuronal networks
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Three-Dimensional Transient Simulation of Supercritical RP-3 Pyrolysis and Flow Maldistribution in Parallel Regenerative Cooling Channels 认领 引用
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作者 Jiangbo Wu Xi Song +1 位作者 Ke Yang Heyao Sun 《Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing》 EI 2026年第4期149-171,共23页
To investigate transient flow instabilities in parallel-channel regenerative cooling systems subjected to nonuniform heat flux,a three-dimensional transient numerical model was developed to couple variations in superc... To investigate transient flow instabilities in parallel-channel regenerative cooling systems subjected to nonuniform heat flux,a three-dimensional transient numerical model was developed to couple variations in supercritical fluid thermophysical properties with endothermic pyrolysis kinetics.The spatiotemporal evolution of RP-3 fuel within parallel channels was analyzed,and the role of a midstream interconnection structure in mitigating flow maldistribution was clarified.During the initial heating stage,the viscosity reduction of the supercritical fuel produced a drag-reduction effect that temporarily maintained a nearly uniform flow distribution.As the wall temperature increased and the pseudocritical region approached,the sharp decrease in density markedly increased the acceleration pressure drop,disrupting the pressure balance between channels.In combination with the progressive accumulation of pyrolysis products,this process led to a positive feedback loop characterized by flow rate reduction,insufficient heat absorption,and increasing flow resistance.The introduction of a midstream interconnection enabled pressure-driven lateral mass transfer between channels.The resulting crossflow was directed predominantly from the high-heat-flux channel toward the low-heat-flux channel,providing a release path for overheated,low-density,and strongly cracked fluid in the high-heat-flux channel and thereby weakening the downstream accumulation of thermal and compositional nonuniformities as well as the associated resistance amplification.Compared with the configuration without interconnection,the stage-averaged maximum flow-deviation coefficient decreased by 17.4%during the pseudocritical transition stage and by 48.3%during the deep-pyrolysis stage. 展开更多
关键词 Regenerative cooling flow distribution thermal cracking RP-3 fuel interconnection 1 Introduction
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Optimum Operation of Low-Voltage AC/DC Distribution Areas with Embedded DC Interconnections under Three-Phase Unbalanced Compensation Conditions 认领 引用
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作者 Zhukui Tan Dacheng Zhou +4 位作者 Song Deng Jikai Li Zhuang Wu Qihui Feng Xuan Zhang 《Energy Engineering》 EI 2026年第3期81-95,共15页
This paper presents an optimal operation method for embedded DC interconnections based on low-voltage AC/DC distribution areas(EDC-LVDA)under three-phase unbalanced compensation conditions.It can optimally determine t... This paper presents an optimal operation method for embedded DC interconnections based on low-voltage AC/DC distribution areas(EDC-LVDA)under three-phase unbalanced compensation conditions.It can optimally determine the transmission power of the DC and AC paths to simultaneously improve voltage quality and reduce losses.First,considering the embedded interconnected,unbalanced power structure of the distribution area,a power flow calculation method for EDC-LVDA that accounts for three-phase unbalanced compensation is introduced.This method accurately describes the power flow distribution characteristics under both AC and DC power allocation scenarios.Second,an optimization scheduling model for EDC-LVDA under three-phase unbalanced conditions is developed,incorporating network losses,voltage quality,DC link losses,and unbalance levels.The proposed model employs an improved particle swarm optimization(IPSO)two-layer algorithm to autonomously select different power allocation coefficients for the DC link and AC section under various operating conditions.This enables embedded economic optimization scheduling while maintaining compensation for unbalanced conditions.Finally,a case study based on the IEEE 13-node system for EDC-LVDA is conducted and tested.The results show that the proposed optimal operation method achieves a 100%voltage compliance rate and reduces network losses by 13.8%,while ensuring three-phase power balance compensation.This provides a practical solution for the modernization and upgrading of low-voltage power grids. 展开更多
关键词 Power loss optimization low-voltage AC/DC distribution areas embedded DC interconnections
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Integration of Flexible Interconnection Device in the Reconstruction of Medium and Low Voltage Distribution Networks Using DRL 认领 引用
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作者 Ruosong Hou Jiakun An +2 位作者 Zihao Zhao Wei Guo Hua Shao 《Energy Engineering》 EI 2026年第8期158-174,共17页
This article evaluates the connectivity with energy sharing in low-voltage distribution areas.Indicators like wind-solar complementing effectiveness,source-load energy sharing possibility,or transformer capacity inter... This article evaluates the connectivity with energy sharing in low-voltage distribution areas.Indicators like wind-solar complementing effectiveness,source-load energy sharing possibility,or transformer capacity interconnection measurements are part of the assessment index framework for interconnection capacity that is established after an analysis of the features of linked scenarios.Radial and inflexible,conventional distribution systems can’t handle bidirectional power flow,fluctuating demand,or grid disruptions.Using real-world examples,we can see that the suggested strategy improves power supply efficiency across zones and increases the usage of distributed energy resources,proving the method’s validity.With the help of Flexible Interconnection Devices(FIDs),MV/LV networks may be reconfigured,power quality is improved,DERs are supported,and reliability is increased.With so many distributed PVs connected to distribution substations,managing low-and medium-voltage distribution networks is a real challenge.One novel kind of power gadget that permits adaptable connections between distribution substation segments is the soft open point(SOP).This article presents learning algorithm for low and medium voltage networks for power optimization,which takes into consideration the dynamic connectivity of different areas of substation.The next stage is to construct a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning(DRL)suitable for low and medium voltage distribution networks using Deep Q Network(DQN)model in DRL.The low and medium voltage distribution network employs flexible interconnection device for power loss reduction.Finally,the case studies show that the proposed approach has a good operating strategy for distribution networks with medium and low voltages,and it may lessen voltage fluctuations caused by high PV integration. 展开更多
关键词 Distribution substation area flexible interconnection device cooperative operation optimization distributed photovoltaic(PV) DQN DRL
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