Microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC)is caused by microbial biofilms.In this work,an oilfield produced water sample was analyzed using a newly developed disposable electrochemical biofilm/MIC test kit consisting...Microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC)is caused by microbial biofilms.In this work,an oilfield produced water sample was analyzed using a newly developed disposable electrochemical biofilm/MIC test kit consisting of two solid-state electrodes in a 10 mL standard serum vial for assessing biofilm growth,biocorrosivity and biocide treatment efficacy.The produced water sample was found to be low in microbial cell counts and nutrients.To simulate a possible worst-case scenario,the produced water sample was subcultured at 37°C using enriched artificial seawater(EASW)for 3 rounds before being used as the seed culture for further MIC and biocide tests.The electrochemical test results from the10 mL biofilm/MIC test kit including polarization resistance(Rp)from linear polarization resistance scans and corrosion current density(icorr)from Tafel scans indicated a corrosion rate sequence of no biocide treatment>20 ppm(w/w)tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate(THPS)>50 ppm THPS.Rp was able to predict biofilm maturity time using the incubation time when Rp leveled off(i.e.,time to reach maximum corrosivity).Two common electron transfer promotors were found to accelerate MIC in the test kit vial injection tests,pointing to extracellular electron transfer-MIC as the main mechanism.This observation was consistent with the 30%corrosive sulfate reducers among all microbes in the mixed culture sample found by metagenomics.In the coupon incubation tests in 125 mL anaerobic vials,the 7-d X60 carbon steel weight loss was 1.1±0.2 mg/cm2(2.9 mpy uniform corrosion rate)without biocide treatment.With 20 ppm THPS biocide in EASW,it dropped to 0.5±0.2 mg/cm2(1.3 mpy),and with 50 ppm THPS,it became negligible.The corresponding MIC pit depths were 10.5,8.9μm,and no well-defined pits,respectively for the three biocide treatment conditions.The weight loss data confirmed the corrosion rate sequence from the biofilm/MIC test kit.This work presents a new MIC monitoring and biocide treatment assessment system for oilfield applications using the new biofilm/MIC test kit.展开更多
KIT-5/Beta composite supports were synthesized using an in situ self-assembly hydrothermal method,and NiW/KIT-5/Beta catalysts were prepared by impregnation.A series of characterization techniques were utilized to eva...KIT-5/Beta composite supports were synthesized using an in situ self-assembly hydrothermal method,and NiW/KIT-5/Beta catalysts were prepared by impregnation.A series of characterization techniques were utilized to evaluate the influence of varying hydrothermal synthesis temperatures on the physicochemical properties of both the KIT-5/Beta supports and the resulting catalysts.The catalytic performances of catalysts were evaluated under reaction conditions of 320℃,4 MPa H2pressure,and a weight hourly space velocity(WHSV)of 4.8 h-1for hydrodenitrogenation(HDN)of quinoline.The results indicated that the specific surface area and pore structure of the materials could be effectively regulated by adjusting the hydrothermal synthesis temperature,which in turn influenced the number of active sites on the catalyst.The NiW/KB-125 catalyst,synthesized at 125℃,presented the highest quinoline HDN efficiency(96.8%),which can be attributed to its favorable pore channel structure,greater Brønsted acid number,higher degree of metal sulfidation(80.12%)and appropriate metal-support interaction(MSI).展开更多
胃肠动力障碍性疾病(disorders of gastrointestinal motility,DGIM)是指因胃肠动力失常引起的以消化道症状为主要临床表现的疾病。DGIM的发病率有逐年升高的趋势,降低人们生活质量的同时,还增加了社会的医疗支出。DGIM的发病机制尚未...胃肠动力障碍性疾病(disorders of gastrointestinal motility,DGIM)是指因胃肠动力失常引起的以消化道症状为主要临床表现的疾病。DGIM的发病率有逐年升高的趋势,降低人们生活质量的同时,还增加了社会的医疗支出。DGIM的发病机制尚未完全阐明,多项研究表明其发生发展与胃肠道动力异常关系密切。胃肠动力与胃肠道Cajal间质细胞(ICC)密切相关。ICC是胃肠道产生慢波运动的特殊细胞,ICC数量和形态的保持又与SCF/c-kit信号通路密切相关。近年来的研究表明,SCF/c-kit信号通路的异常改变可导致DGIM的发生。目前,DGIM的西医治疗主要为促动力及抑酸等对症治疗,在一定程度上能够缓解DGIM的症状,但常伴有不良反应,使药物的应用范围受限,而大量研究证实,中药、中药单体或成分、复方、中医外治法均可通过调节SCF/c-kit信号通路,有效改善胃肠动力的同时,不良反应较小。虽然中医药通过调控SCF/c-kit信号通路干预DGIM具有西医难以取代的独特优势,但目前中医药调控SCF/c-kit信号通路治疗DGIM系统综述仍较少。文章就SCF/c-kit信号通路与DGIM之间的相关性、中医药调控SCF/c-kit信号通路干预DGIM的作用机制进行系统性总结,旨在为临床治疗DGIM及新药研发提供新思考。展开更多
It is well known that the kit completeness of parts processed in the previous stage is crucial for the subsequent manufacturing stage.This paper studies the flexible job shop scheduling problem(FJSP)with the objective...It is well known that the kit completeness of parts processed in the previous stage is crucial for the subsequent manufacturing stage.This paper studies the flexible job shop scheduling problem(FJSP)with the objective of material kitting,where a material kit is a collection of components that ensures that a batch of components can be ready at the same time during the product assembly process.In this study,we consider completion time variance and maximumcompletion time as scheduling objectives,continue the weighted summation process formultiple objectives,and design adaptive weighted summation parameters to optimize productivity and reduce the difference in completion time between components in the same kit.The Soft Actor Critic(SAC)algorithm is designed to be combined with the Adaptive Multi-Buffer Experience Replay(AMBER)mechanism to propose the SAC-AMBER algorithm.The AMBER mechanism optimizes the experience sampling and policy updating process and enhances learning efficiency by categorically storing the experience into the standard buffer,the high equipment utilization buffer,and the high productivity buffer.Experimental results show that the SAC-AMBER algorithm can effectively reduce the maximum completion time on multiple datasets,reduce the difference in component completion time in the same kit,and thus optimize the readiness of the part kits,demonstrating relatively good stability and convergence.Compared with traditional heuristics,meta-heuristics,and other deep reinforcement learning methods,the SAC-AMBER algorithm performs better in terms of solution quality and computational efficiency,and through extensive testing on multiple datasets,the algorithm has been confirmed to have good generalization ability,providing an effective solution to the FJSP problem.展开更多
基金financially supported by Saudi Aramco.Some results in this work were presented in the AMPP Annual Conference+Expo in April 2025(Paper No.C2025-00286)。
摘要Microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC)is caused by microbial biofilms.In this work,an oilfield produced water sample was analyzed using a newly developed disposable electrochemical biofilm/MIC test kit consisting of two solid-state electrodes in a 10 mL standard serum vial for assessing biofilm growth,biocorrosivity and biocide treatment efficacy.The produced water sample was found to be low in microbial cell counts and nutrients.To simulate a possible worst-case scenario,the produced water sample was subcultured at 37°C using enriched artificial seawater(EASW)for 3 rounds before being used as the seed culture for further MIC and biocide tests.The electrochemical test results from the10 mL biofilm/MIC test kit including polarization resistance(Rp)from linear polarization resistance scans and corrosion current density(icorr)from Tafel scans indicated a corrosion rate sequence of no biocide treatment>20 ppm(w/w)tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate(THPS)>50 ppm THPS.Rp was able to predict biofilm maturity time using the incubation time when Rp leveled off(i.e.,time to reach maximum corrosivity).Two common electron transfer promotors were found to accelerate MIC in the test kit vial injection tests,pointing to extracellular electron transfer-MIC as the main mechanism.This observation was consistent with the 30%corrosive sulfate reducers among all microbes in the mixed culture sample found by metagenomics.In the coupon incubation tests in 125 mL anaerobic vials,the 7-d X60 carbon steel weight loss was 1.1±0.2 mg/cm2(2.9 mpy uniform corrosion rate)without biocide treatment.With 20 ppm THPS biocide in EASW,it dropped to 0.5±0.2 mg/cm2(1.3 mpy),and with 50 ppm THPS,it became negligible.The corresponding MIC pit depths were 10.5,8.9μm,and no well-defined pits,respectively for the three biocide treatment conditions.The weight loss data confirmed the corrosion rate sequence from the biofilm/MIC test kit.This work presents a new MIC monitoring and biocide treatment assessment system for oilfield applications using the new biofilm/MIC test kit.
基金Supported by the Autonomous Research Project of SKLCC(2024BWZ003)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA0390401)the Doctoral Research Start-up Funding of Shanxi Institute of Technology(026012).
摘要KIT-5/Beta composite supports were synthesized using an in situ self-assembly hydrothermal method,and NiW/KIT-5/Beta catalysts were prepared by impregnation.A series of characterization techniques were utilized to evaluate the influence of varying hydrothermal synthesis temperatures on the physicochemical properties of both the KIT-5/Beta supports and the resulting catalysts.The catalytic performances of catalysts were evaluated under reaction conditions of 320℃,4 MPa H2pressure,and a weight hourly space velocity(WHSV)of 4.8 h-1for hydrodenitrogenation(HDN)of quinoline.The results indicated that the specific surface area and pore structure of the materials could be effectively regulated by adjusting the hydrothermal synthesis temperature,which in turn influenced the number of active sites on the catalyst.The NiW/KB-125 catalyst,synthesized at 125℃,presented the highest quinoline HDN efficiency(96.8%),which can be attributed to its favorable pore channel structure,greater Brønsted acid number,higher degree of metal sulfidation(80.12%)and appropriate metal-support interaction(MSI).
摘要胃肠动力障碍性疾病(disorders of gastrointestinal motility,DGIM)是指因胃肠动力失常引起的以消化道症状为主要临床表现的疾病。DGIM的发病率有逐年升高的趋势,降低人们生活质量的同时,还增加了社会的医疗支出。DGIM的发病机制尚未完全阐明,多项研究表明其发生发展与胃肠道动力异常关系密切。胃肠动力与胃肠道Cajal间质细胞(ICC)密切相关。ICC是胃肠道产生慢波运动的特殊细胞,ICC数量和形态的保持又与SCF/c-kit信号通路密切相关。近年来的研究表明,SCF/c-kit信号通路的异常改变可导致DGIM的发生。目前,DGIM的西医治疗主要为促动力及抑酸等对症治疗,在一定程度上能够缓解DGIM的症状,但常伴有不良反应,使药物的应用范围受限,而大量研究证实,中药、中药单体或成分、复方、中医外治法均可通过调节SCF/c-kit信号通路,有效改善胃肠动力的同时,不良反应较小。虽然中医药通过调控SCF/c-kit信号通路干预DGIM具有西医难以取代的独特优势,但目前中医药调控SCF/c-kit信号通路治疗DGIM系统综述仍较少。文章就SCF/c-kit信号通路与DGIM之间的相关性、中医药调控SCF/c-kit信号通路干预DGIM的作用机制进行系统性总结,旨在为临床治疗DGIM及新药研发提供新思考。
摘要It is well known that the kit completeness of parts processed in the previous stage is crucial for the subsequent manufacturing stage.This paper studies the flexible job shop scheduling problem(FJSP)with the objective of material kitting,where a material kit is a collection of components that ensures that a batch of components can be ready at the same time during the product assembly process.In this study,we consider completion time variance and maximumcompletion time as scheduling objectives,continue the weighted summation process formultiple objectives,and design adaptive weighted summation parameters to optimize productivity and reduce the difference in completion time between components in the same kit.The Soft Actor Critic(SAC)algorithm is designed to be combined with the Adaptive Multi-Buffer Experience Replay(AMBER)mechanism to propose the SAC-AMBER algorithm.The AMBER mechanism optimizes the experience sampling and policy updating process and enhances learning efficiency by categorically storing the experience into the standard buffer,the high equipment utilization buffer,and the high productivity buffer.Experimental results show that the SAC-AMBER algorithm can effectively reduce the maximum completion time on multiple datasets,reduce the difference in component completion time in the same kit,and thus optimize the readiness of the part kits,demonstrating relatively good stability and convergence.Compared with traditional heuristics,meta-heuristics,and other deep reinforcement learning methods,the SAC-AMBER algorithm performs better in terms of solution quality and computational efficiency,and through extensive testing on multiple datasets,the algorithm has been confirmed to have good generalization ability,providing an effective solution to the FJSP problem.