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Analysis of QTLs for Flag Leaf Shape and Its Response to Elevated CO_2 in Rice(Oryza sativa) 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 FAN Gui-zhi DONG Yan-jun +5 位作者 WANG Chun-ming WAN Jian-min XIE Hui XU Chang-liang ZHU Jian-guo CAI Qing-sheng 《Rice science》 2007年第1期7-12,共6页
To understand the responses of flag leaf shape in rice to elevated CO2 environment and their genetic characteristics, quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for flag leaf shape in rice were mapped onto the molecular marker ... To understand the responses of flag leaf shape in rice to elevated CO2 environment and their genetic characteristics, quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for flag leaf shape in rice were mapped onto the molecular marker linkage map of chromosome segment substitution lines （CSSLs） derived from a cross between a japonica variety Asominori and an indica variety IR24 under free air carbon dioxide enrichment （FACE, 200 μmol/mol above current levels） and current CO2 concentration （Ambient, about 370 μmol/mol）. Three flag-leaf traits, flag-leaf length （LL）, width （LW） and the ratio of LL to LW （RLW）, were estimated for each CSSL and their parental varieties. The differences in LL, LW and RLW between parents and in LL and LW within IR24 between FACE and Ambient were significant at 1% level. The continuous distributions and transgressive segregations of LL, LW and RLW were also observed in CSSL population, showing that the three traits were quantitatively inherited under both FACE and Ambient. A total of 16 QTLs for the three traits were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 11 with LOD （Log10-1ikelihood ratio） scores ranging from 3.0 to 6.7. Among them, four QTLs （qLL-6＊, qLL-8＊ qLW-4＊ and qRLW-6＊） were commonly detected under both FACE and Ambient. Therefore, based on the different responses to elevated CO2 in comparison with current CO2 level, it can be suggested that the expressions of several QTLs associated with flag-leaf shape in rice could be induced by the high CO2 level. 展开更多
关键词 rice （Oryza sativa） flag leaf leaf shape character quantitative trait locus chromosome segment substitution lines carbon dioxide enrichment
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RL3(t),Responsible for Leaf Shape Formation,Delimited to a 46-kb DNA Fragment in Rice 认领 引用
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作者 GUO Min LI Rong-de +6 位作者 YAO Jian ZHU Juan FAN Xiang-yun WANG Wei TANG Shu-zhu GU Ming-hong YAN Chang-jie 《Rice science》 SCIE CSCD 2015年第1期44-48,共5页
Two mutants with rolled leaves, temporally designated as rl3（t）-I and rl3（t）-2, were served for exploring the mechanism underlying the rolled leaf characteristic. Except for having typical rolled leaves, the plant... Two mutants with rolled leaves, temporally designated as rl3（t）-I and rl3（t）-2, were served for exploring the mechanism underlying the rolled leaf characteristic. Except for having typical rolled leaves, the plant heights and panicle lengths of rl3（t）-1 and rl3（t）-2 significantly decreased, and the seed-setting rate also decreased when compared with wild type 93-11. Cytological analysis suggested that the rolled leaf phenotype might be caused by the changes of number and size of bulliform cells. Genetic analysis indicated rl3（t）-1 is allelic to rl3（t）-2, and controlled by a recessive gene. Gene mapping result indicated that RL3（t） gene resided in a 46-kb long region governed by the sequence tag site markers S3-39 and S3-36 on rice chromosome 3. The result provides an important clue for further cloning the RL3（t） and understanding the mechanism of rice leaf development. 展开更多
关键词 gene mapping leaf shape formation mutant rice rolled leaf gene
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A single nucleotide substitution in BnaC02.LBD6 promoter causes blade shape variation in Brassica napus 认领 引用
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作者 Jinxiang Gao Bing Li +9 位作者 Pei Qin Sihao Zhang Xiaoting Li Yebitao Yang Wenhao Shen Shan Tang Jijun Li Liang Guo Jun Zou Jinxing Tu 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期879-892,共14页
Leaf morphology constitutes a key component of the ideotype,and optimal leaf rolling contributes to compact plant architecture.Rapeseed(Brassica napus)is an important oilseed crop;however,the genetic mechanisms underl... Leaf morphology constitutes a key component of the ideotype,and optimal leaf rolling contributes to compact plant architecture.Rapeseed(Brassica napus)is an important oilseed crop;however,the genetic mechanisms underlying leaf shape development remain poorly understood,and corresponding germplasm resources for genetic improvement are limited.In this study,we identified a dominant mutant,INSIDE-ROLLING LEAF1(IRL1),which exhibits inward leaf rolling due to defective mesophyll cell development.The mutant also displays drooping siliques and a semi-dwarf phenotype,accompanied by a reduction of one to two effective branches.Through map-based cloning and functional complementation assays,we confirmed BnaC02G0201100ZS as the causal gene IRL1.This gene encodes LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN6(BnaC02.LBD6).The phenotypic alterations in the IRL1 mutant result from elevated expression of BnaC02.LBD6,driven by a single nucleotide substitution within a DNA binding site in its promoter region.Overexpression of Bna C02.LBD6 recapitulated the IRL1 mutant phenotype,confirming its functional role.Haplotype analysis revealed a rare allelic variant in the BnaC02.LBD6 promoter associated with the unique leaf morphology of IRL1.Transcriptomic profiling indicated significant differential expression of genes involved in adaxial–abaxial leaf polarity establishment,secondary metabolic pathways,and hormone signaling networks.Our findings provide novel insights into the genetic regulation of leaf morphogenesis in rapeseed and offer valuable genetic resources for optimizing plant architecture in breeding programs. 展开更多
关键词 Brassica napus LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN(LBD) BnaC02.LBD6 leaf shape map-based cloning plant architecture
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A crosstalk between auxin and brassinosteroid regulates leaf shape by modulating growth anisotropy 认领 引用 被引量：8
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作者 Yuanyuan Xiong Binbin Wu +8 位作者 Fei Du Xiaolu Guo Caihuan Tian Jinrong Hu Shouqin Lii Mian Long Lei Zhang Ying Wang Yuling Jiao 《Molecular Plant》 SCIE CSCD 2021年第6期949-962,共14页
Leaf shape is highly variable within and among plant species,ranging from slender to oval shaped.This is largely determined by the proximodistal axis of growth.However,little is known about how proximal–distal growth... Leaf shape is highly variable within and among plant species,ranging from slender to oval shaped.This is largely determined by the proximodistal axis of growth.However,little is known about how proximal–distal growth is controlled to determine leaf shape.Here,we show that Arabidopsis leaf and sepal proximodistal growth is tuned by two phytohormones.Two class A AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs(ARFs),ARF6 and ARF8,activate the transcription of DWARF4,which encodes a key brassinosteroid(BR)biosynthetic enzyme.At the cellular level,the phytohormones promote more directional cell expansion along the proximodistal axis,as well as final cell sizes.BRs promote the demethyl-esterification of cell wall pectins,leading to isotropic in-plane cell wall loosening.Notably,numerical simulation showed that isotropic cell wall loosening could lead to directional cell and organ growth along the proximodistal axis.Taken together,we show that auxin acts through biosynthesis of BRs to determine cell wall mechanics and directional cell growth to generate leaves of variable roundness. 展开更多
关键词 leaf shape proximodistal axis growth anisotropy mechanical signals AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR brassinosteroids
Overexpressed BRH1, a RING finger gene, alters rosette leaf shape in Arabidopsis thaliana 认领 引用 被引量：12
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作者 Xiaoqian Wang Eryong Chen +6 位作者 Xiaoyang Ge Qian Gong HamamaIslam Butt Chaojun Zhang Zuoren Yang Fuguang Li Xueyan Zhang 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第1期79-87,共9页
Leaves are the most important plant parts for photosynthesis and respiration. Many genes are involved in determining leaf shape;however, little is known about the effects of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling-pathway gene... Leaves are the most important plant parts for photosynthesis and respiration. Many genes are involved in determining leaf shape;however, little is known about the effects of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling-pathway genes on the development of leaf shape. Here, the brassinosteroid-responsive RING-H2 (BRH1) gene, which is suppressed by 24-epi-brassinolide treatment, was isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana. The amino acid sequence contained a highly conserved RING finger domain. In a phylogenetic analysis,BRH1 clustered closely with GLYMA11G02470.1. The leaves of brh1 mutant plants were not much different to those of the wild-type, while transgenic plants with high BRH1 expression levels had rounder rosette leaves. Mutants of the BR synthesis pathway also had a similar round leaf phenotype, and greater BRH1 expression levels. Moreover, the related marker genes KNAT1,AtHB13 and ROT4, which are known to control leaf shape, altered transcriptional levels in both transgenic BRH1 and BR-synthesis mutant lines. Thus, BRH1 may be involved in the BR signaling pathway and regulate the growth and development of rosette leaves. Research on BRH1 may prove valuable for understanding the regulatory mechanism of leaf shape and improving the leaf shapes of ornamental plants. 展开更多
关键词 BRH1 RING finger leaf shape brassinosteroids
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Leaf shape simulation of castor bean and its application in nondestructive leaf area estimation 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Hailin Wei Xumeng Li +1 位作者 Ming Li Huang Huang 《International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering》 SCIE 2019年第4期135-140,共6页
The leaf shape and leaf area measurement are crucial in plant growth modeling.The castor bean leaf is large,palm-shaped with multiple clefts.The leaf shape simulation and leaf area estimation were less studied.The cir... The leaf shape and leaf area measurement are crucial in plant growth modeling.The castor bean leaf is large,palm-shaped with multiple clefts.The leaf shape simulation and leaf area estimation were less studied.The circular model and nonrectangular hyperbolic model were developed to describe the standard leaf shape of castor bean in this study,providing a model for simulating the leaf shape and a nondestructive way for estimating the leaf area respectively.In addition,a formula was established to estimate the leaf area by the parameter of the standard leaf shape of castor bean.Based on validation results,the circular model fits the landmarks and nonrectangular hyperbolic model fits the lobe margins very well.The leaf area was accurately estimated by using the established formula.This study could provide a theoretical reference for leaf visualization,a nondestructive and easy way to estimate the leaf area for other complex leaves with multiple lobes. 展开更多
关键词 leaf shape leaf area geometrical characteristics mathematical model image processing plant growth modeling
BoALG10,an α-1,2 glycosyltransferase,plays an essential role in maintaining leaf margin shape in ornamental kale 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Xin Feng Xinru Yang +2 位作者 Meiqin Zhong Xin Li Pengfang Zhu 《Horticulture Research》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第1期2922-2931,共10页
The morphological diversity of leaf margin shapes is an identifying characteristic of many plant species.In our previous work,BoALG10(α-1,2 glycosyltransferase)was predicted to be a key regulator of leaf margin shape... The morphological diversity of leaf margin shapes is an identifying characteristic of many plant species.In our previous work,BoALG10(α-1,2 glycosyltransferase)was predicted to be a key regulator of leaf margin shape in ornamental kale(Brassica oleracea var.acephala).An alanine and a leucine residue in the conserved domain of the smooth-margined S0835 were replaced by an aspartate and a phenylalanine,respectively,in the corresponding positions of the feathered-margined F0819.However,the expression pattern and function of this gene remain unclear.Here,we examined the expression patterns of BoALG10 using quantitative real-time PCR,and found that statistically significant differences in expression existed between F0819 and S0835 in nine developmental stages.The BoALG10 protein localized to the endoplasmic reticulum.The function of BoALG10 was then examined using complementary mutant assays.The overexpression strains phenocopied the smooth leafmargin after introduction of BoALG10S0835 into the featheredmargined inbred line F0819.Simultaneously,irregular dissections appeared in the leaf margins of knockout mutants KO-1 and KO-2,which were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology from the smooth-margined inbred line S0835.Microscopic observation showed that the leafmargin cells of the smooth-margined plants S0835 and OE-3were arranged regularly,while the cells of the feathered-margined plants F0819 and KO-1 were of inconsistent size and distributed in an irregular manner,particularly around the indentations of the leaf.This elucidation of BoALG10 function provides a novel insight into the morphological regulation of leaf margin shape. 展开更多
关键词 morphological diversity boalg ornamental kale glycosyltransferase ornamental kale brassica leaf margin shape gene expression
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Scanning Electron Microscope Observation of Three Species on Pollen Grain Morphology and Leaf Epiderm Shape in Gramineae Triticeae 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 张珊珊 周印富 +4 位作者 林小虎 秦素平 张燕 张志雯 王秋涛 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2009年第2期86-89,共4页
The pollen grain morphology and leaf epiderm shape and microstructural of Rye（ Secale cereal ）, common wheat and Octoploid Trititrigia were observed with the scanning electron microscope（SEM）. The results revealed... The pollen grain morphology and leaf epiderm shape and microstructural of Rye（ Secale cereal ）, common wheat and Octoploid Trititrigia were observed with the scanning electron microscope（SEM）. The results revealed that there were great differences between pollen and leaf epiderm microcosmic morphology in three species. Such characteristics of Octoploid tnticalwere between those of common wheat and Rye. The morphology of pollen grain and leaf epiderm shape counld be used as an index for taxonomy for genera and species, and had somewhat scientif- ic references to identify new multiploid species created by chromosome engineering. 展开更多
关键词 Gramineae Pollen grain Leaf epiderm shape SEM
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Correlation between Leaf Size and Fruit Quality of Kiwi 认领 引用 被引量：16
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作者 金方伦 张发维 +2 位作者 岳宣 黎明 敖学熙 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2016年第11期2469-2472,2488,共4页
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of leaf size on fruit quality of kiwi and relevant mechanism. [Method] The correlation between leaf shape and fruit quality of kiwi was studied during 2013-2015. ... [Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of leaf size on fruit quality of kiwi and relevant mechanism. [Method] The correlation between leaf shape and fruit quality of kiwi was studied during 2013-2015. [Result] The results of statistical analysis showed that the sing weight, longitudinal diameter, width, thickness, shape index and juice sugar content of fruit were 75.86±1.68 g, 73.284± 0.70 mm, 41.18±0.51 mm, 35.30±0.25 mm, 1.92±0.01 and （15.66±0.26）%, respec- tively; the length, width, shape index and area of leaf were 14.77±0.20 cm, 14.25± 0.16 cm, 0.94±0.09 and 152.39±3.26 cm^2, respectively; and the length and diameter of petiole were 11.03±0.25 cm and （31.50±0.79 mm）/10, respectively. The results of correlation analysis showed that the single fruit weight of kiwi was strongly positively related to fruit longitudinal diameter, fruit width, fruit thickness and leaf shape index, was significantly positively related to leaf length, was weakly positively related to petiole length, was positively related to leaf area, was weakly negatively related to leaf width and petiole diameter, and was negatively related to juice sugar content. The results of regression analysis showed that there was significant difference be- tween single fruit weight and juice sugar content （F=0.851 8, P〈0.01）, instead of fruit longitudinal diameter （F=0.000 6, P〉0.05）, fruit width （F=0.001 4, P〉0.05） and fruit thickness （F=0.005 4, P〉0.05）; there was significant correlation between single fruit weight and leaf area （F=0.671 5, P〈0.01）, instead of leaf length （F=0.139 3, P〉0.05）, leaf width （F=0.358 5, P〉0.05） and leaf shape index （F=0.294 0, P〉0.05）; there were significant correlations between juice sugar content and leaf length （F= 0.816 1, P〈0.01）, leaf width （F=0.970 1, P〈0.01）, leaf area （F=0.560 6, P〈0.01） and leaf shape index （F=0.885 1, P〈0.05）. [Conclusion] Fruit single weight and oth- er quality properties could be predicted from leaf size, and leaf size can be used as the main basis for judging the quality of fruit. 展开更多
关键词 Kiwi Fruit Fruit quality Leaf shape Correlation
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Effect of the L-D1alleles on leaf morphology,canopy structure and photosynthetic productivity in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 JIANG Hui GAO Ming-wei +7 位作者 CHEN Ying ZHANG Chao WANG Jia-bao CHAI Qi-chao WANG Yong-cui ZHENG Jin-xiu WANG Xiu-li ZHAO Jun-sheng 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第1期108-119,共12页
One of the most important objectives for breeders is to develop high-yield cultivars.The increase in crop yield has met with bottlenecks after the first green revolution,and more recent efforts have been focusing on a... One of the most important objectives for breeders is to develop high-yield cultivars.The increase in crop yield has met with bottlenecks after the first green revolution,and more recent efforts have been focusing on achieving high photosynthetic efficiency traits in order to enhance the yield.Leaf shape is a significant agronomic trait of upland cotton that affects plant and canopy architecture,yield,and other production attributes.The major leaf shape types,including normal,sub-okra,okra,and super-okra,with varying levels of lobe severity,are controlled by a multiple allelic series of the D-genome locus L-D1.To analyze the effects of L-D1alleles on leaf morphology,photosynthetic related traits and yield of cotton,two sets of near isogenic lines(NILs)with different alleles were constructed in Lumianyan 22(LMY22)and Lumianyan 28(LMY28)backgrounds.The analysis of morphological parameters and the results of virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)showed that the regulation of leaf shape by L-D1alleles was similar to a gene-dosage effect.Compared with the normal leaf,deeper lobes of the sub-okra leaf improved plant canopy structure by decreasing the leaf area index(LAI)and increasing the light transmittance rate(LTR),and the mid-range LAI of sub-okra leaf also guaranteed the accumulation of cotton biomass.Although the chlorophyll content(SPAD)of sub-okra leaf was lower than those of the other two leaf shapes,the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)of sub-okra leaf was higher than those of okra leaf and normal leaf at most stages.Thus,the improvements in canopy structure,as well as photosynthetic and physiological characteristics,contributed to optimizing the light environment,thereby increasing the total biomass and yield in the lines with a sub-okra leaf shape.Our results suggest that the sub-okra leaf may have practical application in cultivating varieties,and could enhance sustainable and profitable cotton production. 展开更多
关键词 photosynthesis canopy structure yield biomass sub-okra leaf shape
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气候-土地综合影响的全国中小叶与大叶种茶树种植适宜性区划 认领 引用
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作者 周威 李艳 +7 位作者 陈燕丽 张玉芳 范晓青 胡雪琼 杨凯 任义方 陶瑶 朱秀红 《农业工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第10期300-310,共11页
为揭示叶型-环境的协同调控机制,基于全国1961—2020年气候、土壤数据及茶园样点资料,利用MaxEnt模型筛选茶树种植的主导环境因子,采用自然间断点法划分不适宜区、次适宜区、适宜区和最适宜区4个等级,厘定不同叶型不同等级的主导因子阈... 为揭示叶型-环境的协同调控机制,基于全国1961—2020年气候、土壤数据及茶园样点资料,利用MaxEnt模型筛选茶树种植的主导环境因子,采用自然间断点法划分不适宜区、次适宜区、适宜区和最适宜区4个等级,厘定不同叶型不同等级的主导因子阈值,结合各省茶园实际种植面积占比、实际边界样点对比以及卫星遥感进行验证。结果表明:1)春霜冻频率、年降水量、6—8月相对湿润度指数、最冷月平均气温、3—9月平均相对湿度、≥10℃活动积温、土壤pH值和海拔是两种叶型茶树的共同主导因子,其中春霜冻频率贡献率最高,约占52%~69%。2)模型预测精度较高,大叶种和中小叶种的AUC(area under curve)分别为0.952、0.893,区划结果与各省茶园面积占比、区划等级及边界样点总体吻合。3)大叶种对热量与湿润度需求更高,种植北界基本稳定在长江中下游;中小叶种具备较强低温耐受性,北界北扩约20~40 km。4)气候变暖推动潜在适宜区北移,但土地因子限制扩展幅度,形成“气候可行-土地受限”的格局。研究结果可为茶树品种选育、种植规划及农业政策制定提供理论支持。 展开更多
关键词 茶树 叶型 种植适宜性 最大熵模型
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不同叶形五指毛桃补骨脂素和佛手柑内酯含量及转录特征比较 认领 引用
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作者 唐美琼 梁春英 +5 位作者 胡营 林杨 韦范 梁莹 李林轩 李刚 《植物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第2期223-237,共15页
五指毛桃(Ficus hirta)是一种重要的药食两用植物,但叶片形态变异较大。为揭示其叶形差异与主要活性物质含量的关系,采用LC-MS/MS测定全缘型(EL)、浅裂型(LL)和五指深裂型(PDL)3种叶形五指毛桃根中补骨脂素和佛手柑内酯的含量,进一步利... 五指毛桃(Ficus hirta)是一种重要的药食两用植物,但叶片形态变异较大。为揭示其叶形差异与主要活性物质含量的关系,采用LC-MS/MS测定全缘型(EL)、浅裂型(LL)和五指深裂型(PDL)3种叶形五指毛桃根中补骨脂素和佛手柑内酯的含量,进一步利用转录组测序技术探讨其含量差异的分子机制。结果表明,PDL五指毛桃的补骨脂素含量显著高于EL和LL;EL五指毛桃的佛手柑内酯含量显著高于LL,但与PDL无显著差异。转录组测序共获得60.9 Gb clean reads,组装获得46194个unigenes,同源序列比对显示五指毛桃与川桑(Morus notabilis)的同源性最高。从PDL_vs_EL、PDL_vs_LL和LL_vs_EL比较组分别筛选出2355、2067和2001个差异表达基因(DEGs),DEGs主要富集在苯丙烷生物合成、淀粉和蔗糖代谢以及植物-病原体相互作用等通路上,其中苯丙烷生物合成和植物-病原体相互作用可能是五指毛桃主要活性物质生物合成与积累的重要通路。研究初步探讨了五指毛桃不同叶形与主要活性物质积累之间的关系,丰富了五指毛桃转录组数据库,为进一步利用不同叶形五指毛桃种质资源及育种提供参考依据。 展开更多
关键词 五指毛桃 叶形 活性成分 LC-MS/MS 转录组
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叶形屋面风致积雪重分布及干扰特性研究 认领 引用
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作者 艾辉林 齐鹏飞 《结构工程师》 2026年第2期51-57,共7页
叶形屋面造型新颖多变,近年在大跨空间建筑中得到应用推广,但复杂的屋面造型给其雪荷载的不均匀分布取值带来一定挑战。本文基于Euler-Euler方法和风雪单相耦合,借助数值风洞模拟了不同风向下多叶形建筑屋面风致雪漂移的积雪不均匀分布... 叶形屋面造型新颖多变,近年在大跨空间建筑中得到应用推广,但复杂的屋面造型给其雪荷载的不均匀分布取值带来一定挑战。本文基于Euler-Euler方法和风雪单相耦合,借助数值风洞模拟了不同风向下多叶形建筑屋面风致雪漂移的积雪不均匀分布。研究结果表明,叶形屋面风致积雪分布不仅要考虑屋面的倾斜,且应合理评估凹凸对积雪分布的影响。叶形屋面积雪通常表现为侵蚀为主,且凸起部分和叶片两端的侵蚀更为明显,同时下凹部分可能形成局部积雪的严重堆积,因此建议工程设计中屋面凹陷率不宜超过10%。叶形屋面之间的相互干扰对积雪有影响,低屋盖干扰影响主要集中于受遮挡作用屋面的迎风边缘区域,高屋盖干扰主要影响整体积雪分布系数,通常干扰变化可达到20%左右。 展开更多
关键词 叶形屋面 风致雪漂移 积雪重分布 数值模拟
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圆柏组织培养体系的建立 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 王佳丽 刘慧欣 +3 位作者 岳康杰 亢红伟 乔珂 田旭平 《园艺学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2026年第3期867-880,共14页
以圆柏(Sabina chinensis)鳞叶、针叶茎段为外植体,探讨不同消毒处理、培养基、抗褐变剂、植物生长调节剂配比对茎段增殖、生根的影响。结果表明:适宜鳞叶、针叶的0.1%HgCl2消毒时间分别为18、16 min,污染率为8.52%、2.51%。培养基... 以圆柏(Sabina chinensis)鳞叶、针叶茎段为外植体,探讨不同消毒处理、培养基、抗褐变剂、植物生长调节剂配比对茎段增殖、生根的影响。结果表明:适宜鳞叶、针叶的0.1%HgCl2消毒时间分别为18、16 min,污染率为8.52%、2.51%。培养基内分别添加1.0、2.0 mg·L-1PVP抗鳞叶、针叶褐变。鳞叶最佳初代培养基是DCR+2.0 mg·L-16-BA+0.5 mg·L-1NAA+1.0 mg·L-1PVP,芽诱导率为83.27%;针叶是DCR+2.0 mg·L-16-BA+0.1 mg·L-1NAA+2.0 mg·L-1PVP,芽诱导率为89.35%。鳞叶最佳增殖培养基是DCR+3.0 mg·L-16-BA+0.5 mg·L-1Trans-ZT+0.5 mg·L-1NAA+1.0 mg·L-1PVP,增殖率为88.93%;针叶是DCR+3.0 mg·L-16-BA+0.1 mg·L-1Trans-ZT+0.1 mg·L-1NAA+2.0 mg·L-1PVP,增殖率为93.42%。鳞叶最佳生根培养基是1/2MS+1.0 mg·L-1NAA+1.0 mg·L-1IBA+1.0 mg·L-1PVP,生根率为73.29%;针叶是DCR+2.0 mg·L-1IBA+2.0 mg·L-1PVP,生根率达71.64%。鳞叶、针叶植株在草炭︰蛭石(体积比)为1︰1的基质中成活率分别为76%、60%。 展开更多
关键词 圆柏 叶形 褐变 生根
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Towards resolving the evolutionary history of Caucasian pears (Pyrus, Rosaceae) Phylogenetic relationships, divergence times and leaf trait evolution 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Nadja Korotkova Gerald Parolly +5 位作者 Anahit Khachatryan Lusine Ghulikyan Harutyun Sargsyan Janna Akopian Thomas Borsch Michael Gruenstaeudl 《Journal of Systematics and Evolution》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第1期35-47,共13页
With approximately 25 endemic species, the genus Pyrus （pears） is highly diverse in the Caucasus ecoregion. The majority of Caucasian pears inhabit xerophytic open woodlands or similar habitats, to which they displa... With approximately 25 endemic species, the genus Pyrus （pears） is highly diverse in the Caucasus ecoregion. The majority of Caucasian pears inhabit xerophytic open woodlands or similar habitats, to which they display morphological adaptations, such as narrow leaves. The other species, both Caucasian and non-Caucasian taxa, mainly inhabit mesophytic forests and display broad leaves. Using a representative taxon sampling of Pyrus from the Caucasus, Europe and Asia, we reconstruct phylogenetic relationships in the genus based on multiple plastid regions. We also estimate the divergence times of major clades in Pyrus, reconstruct the evolution of leaf shapes, and discuss the emergence of xeromorphic leaf traits. Our results confirm the monophyly of Pyrus and the existence of two major clades：（a） an E Asian clade with a crown group age of 15.7 （24.02-8.37 95% HPD） My, and （b） a W Eurasian clade that comprises species from Europe, SW Asia and the Caucasus and that displays a slightly younger crown group of 12.38 （19.02-6.41 95% HPD） My. The existing infrageneric classification of Pyrus was found partially incongruent with the inferred phylogenetic trees. Several currently accepted species were not recovered as monophyletic, indicating that current species limits require re-evaluation. Ancestral character state reconstructions revealed several independent transitions from broad- to narrow-shaped leaves in Pyrus, probably via intermediate- shaped leaves. 展开更多
关键词 Caucasus Europe leaf shape morphological characters paleogeography phylogeny taxonomy.
SMA驱动多状态变后缘弯度机翼的设计、分析与实验 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 王子昂 卢志荣 +2 位作者 李鸿濠 周文雅 王晓明 《北京航空航天大学学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第3期917-925,共9页
变弯度作为变形机翼最典型的一种变形形式,在未来智能飞行器设计领域具有广阔应用前景。针对多状态、连续变弯度机翼的设计需求,提出一种结合模块化刚柔耦合结构、交叉簧片式铰链、多级形状记忆合金(SMA)驱动器的新型变弯度机翼设计方... 变弯度作为变形机翼最典型的一种变形形式,在未来智能飞行器设计领域具有广阔应用前景。针对多状态、连续变弯度机翼的设计需求,提出一种结合模块化刚柔耦合结构、交叉簧片式铰链、多级形状记忆合金(SMA)驱动器的新型变弯度机翼设计方案。针对该方案,结合交叉簧片式铰链等效刚度计算方法,推导单级、多级模块单元的等效刚度结构力学模型,并通过有限元分析完成对比验证;搭建准静态流固耦合分析模型,通过SMA完全相变驱动方式验证所提变弯度机翼方案的多状态调节能力、多工况适应性,并给出各变形状态对气动系数的影响规律;研制原理样机并搭建测试平台,完成基于前馈开环控制策略的多状态变形控制效果,验证了所提多状态变弯度机翼设计的工程可行性。 展开更多
关键词 变弯度机翼 交叉簧片 多状态 形状记忆合金 实验验证
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基于野生大豆回交群体挖掘大豆叶形性状遗传位点 认领 引用
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作者 柳富龙 王艳丽 +5 位作者 李晓明 史晓蕾 闫龙 孟子阔 杨庆 张锴 《大豆科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第4期46-57,共12页
为挖掘和丰富调控大豆叶形性状遗传位点,本研究以栽培品种冀豆12为轮回亲本,野生大豆ZYD2738为供体亲本,构建了3个共计包含168个家系的野生大豆回交群体,进行大豆亲本间叶形表型差异分析、群体间叶形表型变异和遗传分析及大豆叶形QTL定... 为挖掘和丰富调控大豆叶形性状遗传位点,本研究以栽培品种冀豆12为轮回亲本,野生大豆ZYD2738为供体亲本,构建了3个共计包含168个家系的野生大豆回交群体,进行大豆亲本间叶形表型差异分析、群体间叶形表型变异和遗传分析及大豆叶形QTL定位,挖掘调控大豆叶形的遗传位点,探究大豆叶形的遗传机制。表型变异和遗传分析结果显示:与ZYD2738相比,冀豆12的左叶长、中叶长、右叶长、左叶宽、中叶宽和右叶宽分别显著增加399.59%、374.94%、431.53%、576.39%、531.90%和567.42%(P<0.001);而冀豆12左叶夹角的角度显著低于ZYD2738,为其86.77%(P<0.01);除叶夹角外,其他叶形性状的遗传力在0.55以上。双因素方差分析结果显示,环境、基因型和环境×基因型对大豆株型性状影响的F值范围分别为0.13~5556.15、5.97~19.11和4.90~21.33,表明两种环境下,环境、基因型、环境×基因型均显著影响大豆的叶形性状(P<0.001)。基于重测序技术绘制了3个野生大豆回交群体物理指纹图谱,14006、14008和14022群体分别含有997,996和990个标记。QTL定位结果显示,共定位到47个叶形相关QTLs,LOD值为2.50~5.45,可解释表型变异11.53%~32.20%。新鉴定到3个调控大豆叶形的共定位遗传位点,加性效应显示Locus4_2和Locus17的功能基因来源于冀豆12,Locus9_1来源于ZYD2738。研究结果为充分挖掘和利用野生大豆资源和进一步探究大豆叶形遗传调控机制提供了遗传信息和材料。 展开更多
关键词 野生大豆 叶形 QTL共定位 遗传调控机制
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横置静叶转角对汽轮机通流气动性能的影响 认领 引用
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作者 张春秀 赵发林 +4 位作者 刘阳 徐林峰 赵洪羽 张亦宁 宫传伟 《汽轮机技术》 北大核心 2026年第2期119-122,134,共4页
采用三维数值模拟技术对某汽轮机组高压模块通流部分进行仿真,研究不同转角横置静叶对通流气动性能的影响,探究流场的三维流线分布、叶片的翼型流线分布和表面压力分布等变化规律,同时计算通流流量、通流效率、叶型损失系数等叶片典型... 采用三维数值模拟技术对某汽轮机组高压模块通流部分进行仿真,研究不同转角横置静叶对通流气动性能的影响,探究流场的三维流线分布、叶片的翼型流线分布和表面压力分布等变化规律,同时计算通流流量、通流效率、叶型损失系数等叶片典型气动性能参数,辩证分析该机组通流气动性能变化。结果表明,不同的横置静叶转角对汽轮机通流气动性能有一定程度的影响。横置静叶转角从转小6°至转大12°的变化过程中,三维流场的流速逐渐减小,子午面横置级的动静叶从出现正攻角到逐渐转好再到出现较小程度的负攻角,顺气流的无量纲相对方向上横置级的表面压力分布逐渐规律化,通流部分的流量逐渐增多,效率逐渐增大,横置静叶叶型损失系数逐渐减小,总体气动性能增强。一般存在合适的横置静叶最优转角使得叶片翼型流线最好、机组的运行状态最佳。 展开更多
关键词 横置静叶 转角 流线 翼型 表面压力 流量 效率 叶型损失系数
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植物株型与叶形发育的特性及其在室内环境中的表达特征研究 认领 引用
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作者 丁欣 《分子植物育种》 CAS 北大核心 2026年第5期1695-1700,共6页
植物株型与叶形是反映植物生长发育特性和功能性状的重要形态指标,其形成过程受遗传因素与环境条件的共同调控。本研究以植物株型与叶形发育特性为研究对象,在梳理相关形态类型与发育特征的基础上,分析其在室内环境中的表现特征及应用... 植物株型与叶形是反映植物生长发育特性和功能性状的重要形态指标,其形成过程受遗传因素与环境条件的共同调控。本研究以植物株型与叶形发育特性为研究对象,在梳理相关形态类型与发育特征的基础上,分析其在室内环境中的表现特征及应用适应性。研究表明,不同株型与叶形特征的植物在室内环境中表现出差异化的空间适应性和功能效果,其形态特性可在一定程度上影响环境结构层次与使用体验。通过对典型植物类型的综合分析,本研究探讨了株型与叶形发育特性在室内环境应用中的表现规律,旨在为植物形态性状的合理利用及相关应用研究提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 植物株型 叶形发育 形态特性 室内环境 表现特征
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Comparision of the Leaf Morphology of Two Phoebe bournei Varieties 认领 引用
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作者 GUAN Hong-jiao SUN Bing +2 位作者 YANG Yu-jie HU Die FEI Yong-jun 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2021年第2期38-44,共7页
To study the leaf variation and morphological diversity of Phoebe bournei,the leaves of two leaf types and one wild type in the same growth environment,which were marked as Type A,B,and C with wild type being marked a... To study the leaf variation and morphological diversity of Phoebe bournei,the leaves of two leaf types and one wild type in the same growth environment,which were marked as Type A,B,and C with wild type being marked as B,were used as testing materials.40 healthy mature leaves collected from healthy plants were taken as research samples and phenotypic characteristics,such as leaf shape,leaf length,leaf width,leaf area,and leaf vein were observed and analyzed.The leaves of Type A were oblanceolate,the base of the leaves was gradually narrow,and the tip of the leaves was gradually sharp.There were white pubescences on the back of the leaves,which were arranged in order.The pubescences were evenly distributed on the mesophyll and vein,in the same direction.The length,width,perimeter,and area of the leaves were smaller than those of the other two types.The leaves of Type B were narrow,oblanceolate,wedge-shaped at the base,long acuminate at the tip,with yellow brown villi on the back of the leaves,mainly distributed along the vein and the grid vein between the veins;the villi on the main veins were longer,and the villi between the mesophylls were less numerous and shorter.The length,perimeter,and aspect ratio of the blade were the largest of the three types and the whole blade was slender.Type C leaves were elliptical with a nearly truncated base and a sharp tip.There were white pubescences on the back of the leaves and less mesophyll pubescence along the veins.The length-width ratio of the blade was small,the width was large,and the whole blade was round.There were significant differences among the three leaf types of P.bournei and preliminary judgement was that Type A and Type C were spontaneous mutants. 展开更多
关键词 Phoebe bournei Leaf shape Spontaneous mutants
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