In this work,we propose a multi-attempt successive cancellation list(MA-SCL)decoder for polar codes that achieves identical error-correction performance to standard SCL decoding while reducing average complexity.Unlik...In this work,we propose a multi-attempt successive cancellation list(MA-SCL)decoder for polar codes that achieves identical error-correction performance to standard SCL decoding while reducing average complexity.Unlike CRC-aided SCL,the proposed MA-SCL progressively restarts decoding with increasing list sizes and reuses information from previous attempts.This design eliminates the need for outer CRC codes.The decoder features dynamic searchspace pruning and an early stopping criterion based on path metrics.Simulations show MA-SCL matches SCL performance with lower average complexity,particularly for short polar-like codes with reed-muller(RM)rate profiles and dynamic frozen constraints.Compared to existing adaptive decoders,MA-SCL offers implementation advantages by eliminating the need for stack-/heap management while providing relatively stable latency bounds(1×to|Λ|×SCL latency).展开更多
Plants constitute nearly 80%of the planet’s total biomass(Bar-On et al.,2018);however,this vital group is experiencing severe threats,and recent evaluations indicate that approximately 45%of the world's described...Plants constitute nearly 80%of the planet’s total biomass(Bar-On et al.,2018);however,this vital group is experiencing severe threats,and recent evaluations indicate that approximately 45%of the world's described plant species are at risk of extinction(Bachman et al.,2024).The number of plant extinctions has increased by 60%in the last 100 years(Di Marco et al.,2017).Over the past 250 years,571 plant species have gone extinct—more than twice the combined total of extinct birds,mammals,and amphibians(217 species)(Briggs,2019).展开更多
Not long ago,China released its latest top 10 list of technological innovations in the energy sector.This heavyweight“national list”represents a brandnew coordinate system for examining regional development and cont...Not long ago,China released its latest top 10 list of technological innovations in the energy sector.This heavyweight“national list”represents a brandnew coordinate system for examining regional development and contributions of cities.展开更多
The seed industry is a core strategic sector for national food security.Due to high R&D investment,long operating cycles,and dual impacts from natural and market factors,listed seed companies exhibit distinct fina...The seed industry is a core strategic sector for national food security.Due to high R&D investment,long operating cycles,and dual impacts from natural and market factors,listed seed companies exhibit distinct financial risk characteristics with temporal dynamics.This study takes 6 leading A-share listed seed companies as research samples,using time-series financial data from authoritative databases such as CSMAR and Wind covering Q12016 to Q32024.Integrating enterprise risk management(ERM)theory and anomaly detection theory,a financial risk evaluation index system is constructed,encompassing 6 dimensions:solvency,profitability,operational capacity,growth potential,cash flow capacity,and seed industry-specific indicators.After dimension reduction via factor analysis,three predictive models,logistic regression(LR),XGBoost,and LSTM time-series model,are established for empirical research on financial risk prediction,with their performance compared.The results show that the LSTM model achieves the optimal fit for time-series financial data of listed seed companies,with a test set AUC value of 0.889,significantly outperforming the traditional LR model(0.758)and XGBoost model(0.821).Incorporating industry-specific indicators such as R&D investment ratio and seed production cost rate improves the model’s prediction accuracy by 11.8%,verifying the importance of industry-specific indicators for risk prediction.Based on empirical findings,optimization strategies for financial risk control of listed seed companies are proposed from enterprise,industry,and regulatory perspectives,providing empirical reference and practical pathways for constructing intelligent financial risk early warning systems in the seed industry.展开更多
针对复杂背景下红外小目标检测面临的检测精度不足、算法计算复杂度高以及漏检和虚警等问题,提出一种基于改进RT-DETR的面向红外小目标场景的轻量级检测算法(Lightweight Infrared Small Target-Detection Transformer,LIST-DETR)。首先...针对复杂背景下红外小目标检测面临的检测精度不足、算法计算复杂度高以及漏检和虚警等问题,提出一种基于改进RT-DETR的面向红外小目标场景的轻量级检测算法(Lightweight Infrared Small Target-Detection Transformer,LIST-DETR)。首先,采用轻量化双卷积核优化主干特征提取网络,在保证网络轻量化的同时显著提升模型检测精度;其次,提出基于动态位置偏差与注意力机制的高效尺度内特征交互模块(Dynamic Position Bias-Attention-based Intrascale Feature Interaction,DPB-AIFI),有效增强了弱小目标的定位精度与背景抑制能力;此外,设计的轻量级高效特征融合模块RetBlockC3在保证实时性的同时,优化了模型的特征融合效果;最后,采用超轻量动态上采样替代最近邻上采样,提升了模型对小目标特征信息的捕捉能力。实验结果表明,LIST-DETR模型在三个具有典型复杂背景的红外数据集上均取得了优异性能:m AP@0.5指标分别达到97.2%、98.4%和85.8%,相较于基线模型分别提升2.3%、1.2%和3.2%。此外,与现有先进算法相比,LIST-DETR在模型体积、参数量及计算量等性能指标上均获得显著改善,为复杂背.景下红外小目标的高质量检测提供了新的解决方案。展开更多
Constituted by BCH component codes and its ordered statistics decoding(OSD),the successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding of U-UV structural codes can provide competent error-correction performance in the short-to-med...Constituted by BCH component codes and its ordered statistics decoding(OSD),the successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding of U-UV structural codes can provide competent error-correction performance in the short-to-medium length regime.However,this list decoding complexity becomes formidable as the decoding output list size increases.This is primarily incurred by the OSD.Addressing this challenge,this paper proposes the low complexity SCL decoding through reducing the complexity of component code decoding,and pruning the redundant SCL decoding paths.For the former,an efficient skipping rule is introduced for the OSD so that the higher order decoding can be skipped when they are not possible to provide a more likely codeword candidate.It is further extended to the OSD variant,the box-andmatch algorithm(BMA),in facilitating the component code decoding.Moreover,through estimating the correlation distance lower bounds(CDLBs)of the component code decoding outputs,a path pruning(PP)-SCL decoding is proposed to further facilitate the decoding of U-UV codes.In particular,its integration with the improved OSD and BMA is discussed.Simulation results show that significant complexity reduction can be achieved.Consequently,the U-UV codes can outperform the cyclic redundancy check(CRC)-polar codes with a similar decoding complexity.展开更多
Shortening is a standard rate-matching method for polar codes in wireless communications.Since polarization-adjusted convolu⁃tional(PAC)codes also have a block length limited to the integer powers of two,they also req...Shortening is a standard rate-matching method for polar codes in wireless communications.Since polarization-adjusted convolu⁃tional(PAC)codes also have a block length limited to the integer powers of two,they also require rate-matching.To this end,we first analyze the limitations of existing shortening patterns for PAC codes and explore their feasibility.Subsequently,we propose a novel shortening scheme for PAC codes based on list decoding,where the receiver is allowed to treat the values of the deleted bits as undetermined.This ap⁃proach uses a specialized PAC codeword and activates multiple decoding paths during the initialization of list decoding,enabling it to achieve the desired reliability.展开更多
The learning of English academic vocabulary has been the focus of numerous studies from the time Coxhead(2000)developed the academic word list to the present day.Various researchers have emphasized the importance of p...The learning of English academic vocabulary has been the focus of numerous studies from the time Coxhead(2000)developed the academic word list to the present day.Various researchers have emphasized the importance of possessing academic vocabulary knowledge for academic success.Recognizing this importance,it is crucial for researchers,teachers,and learners to understand the progress made in academic word lists.This systematic review first identifies,describes,appraises,and synthesizes the development of academic word lists from 2000 to 2020.It then examines the methods used by researchers in developing academic word lists among 56 studies that meet the pre-established criteria.The word lists were classified based on some criteria such as word counting units,corpora types/sizes,and exclusion criteria.Limitations,suggestions for further study,and implications are also discussed.Additionally,recommendations for future word list establishment are provided to help advance the field of word list development.展开更多
The list extremal number f(G) is defined for a graph G as the smallest integer k such that the join of G with a stable set of size k is not |V(G)|-choosable. In this paper, we find the exact value of f(G), whe...The list extremal number f(G) is defined for a graph G as the smallest integer k such that the join of G with a stable set of size k is not |V(G)|-choosable. In this paper, we find the exact value of f(G), where G is the union of edge-disjoint cycles of length three, four, five and six. Our results confirm two conjectures posed by S. Gravier, F. Maffray and B. Mohar.展开更多
The Reference Listed drug(RLD)plays a critical role in the development and research of generic medicinal products,serving as the comparator product used in the marketing authorization application of new generic medici...The Reference Listed drug(RLD)plays a critical role in the development and research of generic medicinal products,serving as the comparator product used in the marketing authorization application of new generic medicinal product and re-evaluation of generic medicinal product.In China,RLDs are sourced from various origins,but their quality and market availability can be constrained by multiple factors,including emergent issues such as nitrosamine impurities.Five classes of medicinal products have been reported to be at risk for containing nitrosamine impurities:sartan-based medicines,metformin-containing products,ranitidine medicines,rifampicin medicines,and Champix.This paper explores the control strategies implemented by drug regulatory agencies in the United States and the European Union to manage nitrosamine impurities and assesses their impact on the market availability and quality of RLDs in China.The aim is to offer valuable insights for generic drug manufacturers and regulatory bodies both domestically and internationally.展开更多
With the relaxation of the market access negative list,private enterprises in China are embracing more development opportunities.THE Negative List for Market Access(2025 Edition)was officially released on April 24,the...With the relaxation of the market access negative list,private enterprises in China are embracing more development opportunities.THE Negative List for Market Access(2025 Edition)was officially released on April 24,the fourth revision since the first edition was introduced in 2018.The new edition reduced the number of items from 117 in 2022 to 106,according to the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC),China’s top economic planner.展开更多
In the increasingly competitive construction market,the engineering quantity list pricing model,as an important way of project cost management,is of crucial significance for construction enterprises to control costs a...In the increasingly competitive construction market,the engineering quantity list pricing model,as an important way of project cost management,is of crucial significance for construction enterprises to control costs and enhance benefits.This study deeply analyzes the characteristics of engineering quantity list pricing,and elaborates on the dilemmas faced by construction enterprises in project cost control,such as lagging concepts,imperfect mechanisms,weak risk management and control,and lack of construction-stage management.Based on this,from the dimensions of strengthening management and control concepts,improving supervision mechanisms,enhancing risk management and control capabilities,and attaching importance to construction-stage cost management,this study proposes project cost management and control strategies that are in line with the actual situation of construction enterprises,aiming to promote construction enterprises to achieve scientific management and optimization of project costs under the engineering quantity list pricing model.展开更多
Rare earths,as a strategic mineral resource,play a vital role in high-tech industries such as aerospace,national defense and military,electronic information,and new energy.With the accelerated evolution of the new rou...Rare earths,as a strategic mineral resource,play a vital role in high-tech industries such as aerospace,national defense and military,electronic information,and new energy.With the accelerated evolution of the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation,global supply chain security risks have become more prominent.The focus of major countries'resource security assurance has also shifted from bulk minerals to critical minerals.展开更多
Several therapeutic procedures have been proposed as bridging treatments for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)awaiting liver transplantation(LT).The most used treatments include transarterial chemoembolizati...Several therapeutic procedures have been proposed as bridging treatments for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)awaiting liver transplantation(LT).The most used treatments include transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation.Surgical resection has also been successfully used as a bridging procedure,and LT should be considered a rescue treatment in patients with previous HCC resection who experience tumor recurrence or post-treatment severe decompensation of liver function.The aims of bridging treatments include decreasing the waiting list dropout rate before transplantation,reducing HCC recurrence after transplantation,and improving post-transplant overall survival.To date,no data from prospective randomized studies are available;however,for HCC patients listed for LT within the Milan criteria,prolonging the waiting time over 6-12 mo is a risk factor for tumor spread.Bridging treatments are useful in containing tumor progression and decreasing dropout.Furthermore,the response to pre-LT treatments may represent a surrogate marker of tumor biological aggressiveness and could therefore be evaluated to prioritize HCC candidates for LT.Lastly,although a definitive conclusion can not be reached,the experiences reported to date suggest a positive impact of these treatments on both tumor recurrence and post-transplant patient survival.Advanced HCC may be downstaged to achieve and maintain the current conventional criteria for inclusion in the waiting list for LT.Recent studies have demonstrated that successfully downstaged patients can achieve a 5-year survival rate comparable to that of patients meeting the conventional criteria without requiring downstaging.展开更多
After three rounds of rigorous evaluation of core journals in gastroenterology andhepatology conducted by the Reference Citation Analysis (RCA) editorial team ofBaishideng Publishing Group (Baishideng), the RCA databa...After three rounds of rigorous evaluation of core journals in gastroenterology andhepatology conducted by the Reference Citation Analysis (RCA) editorial team ofBaishideng Publishing Group (Baishideng), the RCA database of Baishidengofficially released the 2022 Journal Article Influence Index (2022 JAII) of 101 corejournals in gastroenterology and hepatology, for the first time. The list of 101 corejournals can be found at: http://gffzzb1f9d057b5954674s990u65bk660p6bxn.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/Search-Journal. Among them, the highest 2022 JAII is 48.014 and the lowest is 3.900. Thisarticle highlights the top 20 journals, describes the calculation method for the 2022JAII, the evaluation process, and the inclusion principles for journals in the RCA.These steps are the underpinning of the RCA’s empirical journal academicevaluation service by which the digital platform addresses the needs of authors toselect reliable journals for submission, readers to select high-quality literature forreading, and editors to track their own journal citation performance. As such, theRCA core journal list will serve as a useful Find-a-Journal tool. Any interestedparty is welcome to use this journal list and recommend it to their peers.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate the satisfaction of village doctors to essential medicines list (EML) and accessibility of essential medicines (EMs) distribution to improve the implementation of EML in village clinics.A ...This study aimed to evaluate the satisfaction of village doctors to essential medicines list (EML) and accessibility of essential medicines (EMs) distribution to improve the implementation of EML in village clinics.A total of 422 village doctors from five counties in three provinces of China were surveyed by questionnaires.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the main factors associated with village doctors' evaluation of EML.The results showed that village doctors had a negative evaluation in satisfaction level of EML to village-based care and accessibility of EM distribution.The government should adjust EML regularly based on the actual health status of local villagers in China and focus on adding appropriate drugs that meet the needs of villagers with chronic disease.The local government should also attach importance to the distribution of EMs and maintain their supply in village clinics.展开更多
After three rounds of rigorous evaluation of core journals in orthopedics conducted by the Reference Citation Analysis(RCA)editorial team of Baishideng Publishing Group(Baishideng),the RCA database of Baishideng offic...After three rounds of rigorous evaluation of core journals in orthopedics conducted by the Reference Citation Analysis(RCA)editorial team of Baishideng Publishing Group(Baishideng),the RCA database of Baishideng officially released the 2022 Journal Article Influence Index(2022 JAII)of 104 core journals and a list of high-quality academic journals in orthopedics,for the first time on August 9,2022.The list of 104 core journals can be found at:http://gffzzb1f9d057b5954674s990u65bk660p6bxn.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/SearchJournal.Among them,the highest 2022 JAII is 55.015 and the lowest is 3.076.This article introduces the 21 high-quality academic journals and describes the calculation method for the 2022 JAII,the evaluation process,and the inclusion principles for journals in the RCA.These steps are the underpinning of the RCA’s empirical journal academic evaluation service by which the digital platform addresses the needs of authors to select reliable journals for submission,readers to select high-quality literature for reading,and editors to track their own journal citation performance.As such,the RCA core journal list will serve as a useful Find-a-Journal tool.Any interested party is welcome to use this journal list and recommend it to their peers.展开更多
基金supported by the 2025 Start-up Research Fund(Grant No.JIH2333002Y)from Fudan Universitysupported in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities+3 种基金the Yangtze River Delta Science and Technology Innovation Community Joint Research(Basic Research)Project under Grant BK20244006111 project BP0719010STCSM 22DZ2229005supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant No.62595745
摘要In this work,we propose a multi-attempt successive cancellation list(MA-SCL)decoder for polar codes that achieves identical error-correction performance to standard SCL decoding while reducing average complexity.Unlike CRC-aided SCL,the proposed MA-SCL progressively restarts decoding with increasing list sizes and reuses information from previous attempts.This design eliminates the need for outer CRC codes.The decoder features dynamic searchspace pruning and an early stopping criterion based on path metrics.Simulations show MA-SCL matches SCL performance with lower average complexity,particularly for short polar-like codes with reed-muller(RM)rate profiles and dynamic frozen constraints.Compared to existing adaptive decoders,MA-SCL offers implementation advantages by eliminating the need for stack-/heap management while providing relatively stable latency bounds(1×to|Λ|×SCL latency).
基金support of the ORG.one project of Oxford Nanopore Technologies(ONT),the Rufford Grants(45249-1)the Idea Wild Grants(Project ID-KJOSINDI0125-00)the Mohamed Bin Zyed Species Conservation(MBZ)(GEF Grant no-240535253)Funds in our efforts to conserve threatened trees in the Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot Forest regions.
摘要Plants constitute nearly 80%of the planet’s total biomass(Bar-On et al.,2018);however,this vital group is experiencing severe threats,and recent evaluations indicate that approximately 45%of the world's described plant species are at risk of extinction(Bachman et al.,2024).The number of plant extinctions has increased by 60%in the last 100 years(Di Marco et al.,2017).Over the past 250 years,571 plant species have gone extinct—more than twice the combined total of extinct birds,mammals,and amphibians(217 species)(Briggs,2019).
摘要Not long ago,China released its latest top 10 list of technological innovations in the energy sector.This heavyweight“national list”represents a brandnew coordinate system for examining regional development and contributions of cities.
摘要The seed industry is a core strategic sector for national food security.Due to high R&D investment,long operating cycles,and dual impacts from natural and market factors,listed seed companies exhibit distinct financial risk characteristics with temporal dynamics.This study takes 6 leading A-share listed seed companies as research samples,using time-series financial data from authoritative databases such as CSMAR and Wind covering Q12016 to Q32024.Integrating enterprise risk management(ERM)theory and anomaly detection theory,a financial risk evaluation index system is constructed,encompassing 6 dimensions:solvency,profitability,operational capacity,growth potential,cash flow capacity,and seed industry-specific indicators.After dimension reduction via factor analysis,three predictive models,logistic regression(LR),XGBoost,and LSTM time-series model,are established for empirical research on financial risk prediction,with their performance compared.The results show that the LSTM model achieves the optimal fit for time-series financial data of listed seed companies,with a test set AUC value of 0.889,significantly outperforming the traditional LR model(0.758)and XGBoost model(0.821).Incorporating industry-specific indicators such as R&D investment ratio and seed production cost rate improves the model’s prediction accuracy by 11.8%,verifying the importance of industry-specific indicators for risk prediction.Based on empirical findings,optimization strategies for financial risk control of listed seed companies are proposed from enterprise,industry,and regulatory perspectives,providing empirical reference and practical pathways for constructing intelligent financial risk early warning systems in the seed industry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)with project ID 62071498the Guangdong National Science Foundation(GDNSF)with project ID 2024A1515010213.
摘要Constituted by BCH component codes and its ordered statistics decoding(OSD),the successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding of U-UV structural codes can provide competent error-correction performance in the short-to-medium length regime.However,this list decoding complexity becomes formidable as the decoding output list size increases.This is primarily incurred by the OSD.Addressing this challenge,this paper proposes the low complexity SCL decoding through reducing the complexity of component code decoding,and pruning the redundant SCL decoding paths.For the former,an efficient skipping rule is introduced for the OSD so that the higher order decoding can be skipped when they are not possible to provide a more likely codeword candidate.It is further extended to the OSD variant,the box-andmatch algorithm(BMA),in facilitating the component code decoding.Moreover,through estimating the correlation distance lower bounds(CDLBs)of the component code decoding outputs,a path pruning(PP)-SCL decoding is proposed to further facilitate the decoding of U-UV codes.In particular,its integration with the improved OSD and BMA is discussed.Simulation results show that significant complexity reduction can be achieved.Consequently,the U-UV codes can outperform the cyclic redundancy check(CRC)-polar codes with a similar decoding complexity.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Sciences Foun⁃dation of China(NSFC)under Grant Nos.62301185 and 62027802in part by ZTE Industry⁃University-Institute Cooperation Fundsin part by The Major Key Project of PCL under Grant No.PCL2024A01.
摘要Shortening is a standard rate-matching method for polar codes in wireless communications.Since polarization-adjusted convolu⁃tional(PAC)codes also have a block length limited to the integer powers of two,they also require rate-matching.To this end,we first analyze the limitations of existing shortening patterns for PAC codes and explore their feasibility.Subsequently,we propose a novel shortening scheme for PAC codes based on list decoding,where the receiver is allowed to treat the values of the deleted bits as undetermined.This ap⁃proach uses a specialized PAC codeword and activates multiple decoding paths during the initialization of list decoding,enabling it to achieve the desired reliability.
摘要The learning of English academic vocabulary has been the focus of numerous studies from the time Coxhead(2000)developed the academic word list to the present day.Various researchers have emphasized the importance of possessing academic vocabulary knowledge for academic success.Recognizing this importance,it is crucial for researchers,teachers,and learners to understand the progress made in academic word lists.This systematic review first identifies,describes,appraises,and synthesizes the development of academic word lists from 2000 to 2020.It then examines the methods used by researchers in developing academic word lists among 56 studies that meet the pre-established criteria.The word lists were classified based on some criteria such as word counting units,corpora types/sizes,and exclusion criteria.Limitations,suggestions for further study,and implications are also discussed.Additionally,recommendations for future word list establishment are provided to help advance the field of word list development.
摘要The list extremal number f(G) is defined for a graph G as the smallest integer k such that the join of G with a stable set of size k is not |V(G)|-choosable. In this paper, we find the exact value of f(G), where G is the union of edge-disjoint cycles of length three, four, five and six. Our results confirm two conjectures posed by S. Gravier, F. Maffray and B. Mohar.
基金Subject construction funding project of Institute for Chemical Drug Control(Grant No.2024HYZX42)in National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,Beijing,China。
摘要The Reference Listed drug(RLD)plays a critical role in the development and research of generic medicinal products,serving as the comparator product used in the marketing authorization application of new generic medicinal product and re-evaluation of generic medicinal product.In China,RLDs are sourced from various origins,but their quality and market availability can be constrained by multiple factors,including emergent issues such as nitrosamine impurities.Five classes of medicinal products have been reported to be at risk for containing nitrosamine impurities:sartan-based medicines,metformin-containing products,ranitidine medicines,rifampicin medicines,and Champix.This paper explores the control strategies implemented by drug regulatory agencies in the United States and the European Union to manage nitrosamine impurities and assesses their impact on the market availability and quality of RLDs in China.The aim is to offer valuable insights for generic drug manufacturers and regulatory bodies both domestically and internationally.
摘要With the relaxation of the market access negative list,private enterprises in China are embracing more development opportunities.THE Negative List for Market Access(2025 Edition)was officially released on April 24,the fourth revision since the first edition was introduced in 2018.The new edition reduced the number of items from 117 in 2022 to 106,according to the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC),China’s top economic planner.
摘要In the increasingly competitive construction market,the engineering quantity list pricing model,as an important way of project cost management,is of crucial significance for construction enterprises to control costs and enhance benefits.This study deeply analyzes the characteristics of engineering quantity list pricing,and elaborates on the dilemmas faced by construction enterprises in project cost control,such as lagging concepts,imperfect mechanisms,weak risk management and control,and lack of construction-stage management.Based on this,from the dimensions of strengthening management and control concepts,improving supervision mechanisms,enhancing risk management and control capabilities,and attaching importance to construction-stage cost management,this study proposes project cost management and control strategies that are in line with the actual situation of construction enterprises,aiming to promote construction enterprises to achieve scientific management and optimization of project costs under the engineering quantity list pricing model.
摘要Rare earths,as a strategic mineral resource,play a vital role in high-tech industries such as aerospace,national defense and military,electronic information,and new energy.With the accelerated evolution of the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation,global supply chain security risks have become more prominent.The focus of major countries'resource security assurance has also shifted from bulk minerals to critical minerals.
摘要Several therapeutic procedures have been proposed as bridging treatments for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)awaiting liver transplantation(LT).The most used treatments include transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation.Surgical resection has also been successfully used as a bridging procedure,and LT should be considered a rescue treatment in patients with previous HCC resection who experience tumor recurrence or post-treatment severe decompensation of liver function.The aims of bridging treatments include decreasing the waiting list dropout rate before transplantation,reducing HCC recurrence after transplantation,and improving post-transplant overall survival.To date,no data from prospective randomized studies are available;however,for HCC patients listed for LT within the Milan criteria,prolonging the waiting time over 6-12 mo is a risk factor for tumor spread.Bridging treatments are useful in containing tumor progression and decreasing dropout.Furthermore,the response to pre-LT treatments may represent a surrogate marker of tumor biological aggressiveness and could therefore be evaluated to prioritize HCC candidates for LT.Lastly,although a definitive conclusion can not be reached,the experiences reported to date suggest a positive impact of these treatments on both tumor recurrence and post-transplant patient survival.Advanced HCC may be downstaged to achieve and maintain the current conventional criteria for inclusion in the waiting list for LT.Recent studies have demonstrated that successfully downstaged patients can achieve a 5-year survival rate comparable to that of patients meeting the conventional criteria without requiring downstaging.
摘要After three rounds of rigorous evaluation of core journals in gastroenterology andhepatology conducted by the Reference Citation Analysis (RCA) editorial team ofBaishideng Publishing Group (Baishideng), the RCA database of Baishidengofficially released the 2022 Journal Article Influence Index (2022 JAII) of 101 corejournals in gastroenterology and hepatology, for the first time. The list of 101 corejournals can be found at: http://gffzzb1f9d057b5954674s990u65bk660p6bxn.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/Search-Journal. Among them, the highest 2022 JAII is 48.014 and the lowest is 3.900. Thisarticle highlights the top 20 journals, describes the calculation method for the 2022JAII, the evaluation process, and the inclusion principles for journals in the RCA.These steps are the underpinning of the RCA’s empirical journal academicevaluation service by which the digital platform addresses the needs of authors toselect reliable journals for submission, readers to select high-quality literature forreading, and editors to track their own journal citation performance. As such, theRCA core journal list will serve as a useful Find-a-Journal tool. Any interestedparty is welcome to use this journal list and recommend it to their peers.
摘要This study aimed to evaluate the satisfaction of village doctors to essential medicines list (EML) and accessibility of essential medicines (EMs) distribution to improve the implementation of EML in village clinics.A total of 422 village doctors from five counties in three provinces of China were surveyed by questionnaires.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the main factors associated with village doctors' evaluation of EML.The results showed that village doctors had a negative evaluation in satisfaction level of EML to village-based care and accessibility of EM distribution.The government should adjust EML regularly based on the actual health status of local villagers in China and focus on adding appropriate drugs that meet the needs of villagers with chronic disease.The local government should also attach importance to the distribution of EMs and maintain their supply in village clinics.
摘要After three rounds of rigorous evaluation of core journals in orthopedics conducted by the Reference Citation Analysis(RCA)editorial team of Baishideng Publishing Group(Baishideng),the RCA database of Baishideng officially released the 2022 Journal Article Influence Index(2022 JAII)of 104 core journals and a list of high-quality academic journals in orthopedics,for the first time on August 9,2022.The list of 104 core journals can be found at:http://gffzzb1f9d057b5954674s990u65bk660p6bxn.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/SearchJournal.Among them,the highest 2022 JAII is 55.015 and the lowest is 3.076.This article introduces the 21 high-quality academic journals and describes the calculation method for the 2022 JAII,the evaluation process,and the inclusion principles for journals in the RCA.These steps are the underpinning of the RCA’s empirical journal academic evaluation service by which the digital platform addresses the needs of authors to select reliable journals for submission,readers to select high-quality literature for reading,and editors to track their own journal citation performance.As such,the RCA core journal list will serve as a useful Find-a-Journal tool.Any interested party is welcome to use this journal list and recommend it to their peers.