Current research on robot calibration can be roughly classified into two categories,and both of them have certain inherent limitations.Model-based methods are difficult to model and compensate the pose errors arising ...Current research on robot calibration can be roughly classified into two categories,and both of them have certain inherent limitations.Model-based methods are difficult to model and compensate the pose errors arising from configuration-dependent geometric and non-geometric source errors,whereas the accuracy of data-driven methods depends on a large amount of measurement data.Using a 5-DOF(degrees of freedom)hybrid machining robot as an exemplar,this study presents a model data-driven approach for the calibration of robotic manipulators.An f-DOF realistic robot containing various source errors is visualized as a 6-DOF fictitious robot having error-free parameters,but erroneous actuated/virtual joint motions.The calibration process essentially involves four steps:(1)formulating the linear map relating the pose error twist to the joint motion errors,(2)parameterizing the joint motion errors using second-order polynomials in terms of nominal actuated joint variables,(3)identifying the polynomial coefficients using the weighted least squares plus principal component analysis,and(4)compensating the compensable pose errors by updating the nominal actuated joint variables.The merit of this approach is that it enables compensation of the pose errors caused by configuration-dependent geometric and non-geometric source errors using finite measurement configurations.Experimental studies on a prototype machine illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
High-throughput transcriptomics has evolved from bulk RNA-seq to single-cell and spatial profiling,yet its clinical translation still depends on effective integration across diverse omics and data modalities.Emerging ...High-throughput transcriptomics has evolved from bulk RNA-seq to single-cell and spatial profiling,yet its clinical translation still depends on effective integration across diverse omics and data modalities.Emerging foundation models and multimodal learning frameworks are enabling scalable and transferable representations of cellular states,while advances in interpretability and real-world data integration are bridging the gap between discovery and clinical application.This paper outlines a concise roadmap for AI-driven,transcriptome-centered multi-omics integration in precision medicine(Figure 1).展开更多
The publisher regrets the CRediT authorship contribution statement was inserted incorrectly and the correct statement should be updated as below:Zengji Liu:Writing-review&editing,Writing-original draft,Visualizati...The publisher regrets the CRediT authorship contribution statement was inserted incorrectly and the correct statement should be updated as below:Zengji Liu:Writing-review&editing,Writing-original draft,Visualization,Validation,Supervision,Software,Resources,Project administration,Methodology,Investigation,Funding acquisition,Formal analysis,Data curation,Conceptualization.Mengge Liu:Writing-review&editing,Writing-original draft,Investigation.Qi Wang:Writing-review&editing,Writing-original draft.Yi Tang:Writing-review&editing,Writing-original draft.展开更多
Solid-state lithium batteries are being pursued as next-generation energy-storage systems since they promise improved safety and higher energy density by pairing nonflammable inorganic solid electrolytes with lithium-...Solid-state lithium batteries are being pursued as next-generation energy-storage systems since they promise improved safety and higher energy density by pairing nonflammable inorganic solid electrolytes with lithium-metal anodes[1-3].Among various solid electrolytes,inorganic ceramics are particularly attractive because they combine high Li+conductivity,a wide electrochemical stability window,and sufficient mechanical rigidity.This rigidity would be expected to resist lithium penetration during electrodeposition[4].However,lithium filaments can still penetrate dense ceramic electrolytes,causing internal short circuits.This apparent contradiction raises a fundamental question:how can soft lithium propagate through a hard ceramic electrolyte?展开更多
Soft measurement based on data-driven models is an important method to predict key variables in process industry due to low latency demand and economics costs.However,data-driven models cannot provide accurate predict...Soft measurement based on data-driven models is an important method to predict key variables in process industry due to low latency demand and economics costs.However,data-driven models cannot provide accurate prediction on a noisy data set with a small number of samples.In response to the challenge of noisy data and lack of samples,several data-mechanism hybrid driven methods are proposed to improve key variables prediction performances on the basis of three data-driven models including random forest,extreme gradient boosting,and artificial neural network.Simultaneously,the effectiveness of hybrid driven methods proposed is validated via two cases including benzene-toluene-xylene distillation and steam methane reforming process,where data sets feature different sample sizes and noise intensity.The comparison results show that the hybrid driven methods can improve the prediction accuracy to a certain extent.The degree of improvement depends on the noise intensity,sample size,and data-driven model selected.Under conditions of noise intensity at 10%–20%and sample size ranging from 100 to 400 in this work,after adopting the hybrid driven methods,the coefficient of determination for random forest,extreme gradient boosting,and artificial neural network can be improved by 0.3%–5.2%,0.6%–17.7%,and 0.1%–36.2%compared to corresponding data driven models.展开更多
Forced convection between the reactants and the catalyst in solar-driven hydrogen production systems increases heat loss,thereby constraining the hydrogen evolution rate.To address these challenges,we proposed a multi...Forced convection between the reactants and the catalyst in solar-driven hydrogen production systems increases heat loss,thereby constraining the hydrogen evolution rate.To address these challenges,we proposed a multi-interface-induced radiant heat activation strategy that utilizes photothermally generated radiant heat to pre-activate reactants.This process enables the rapid interfacial vaporization of reactants and significantly enhances mass transfer.The resulting multi-interface heating system(MIH)developed achieves gradient heat utilization,combining broadband solar absorption with low thermal emittance,while ensuring precise spatiotemporal coordination between reactant supply and catalytic activity.As a result,a high hydrogen evolution rate of 242 mmol g-1h-1is achieved under 1 sun illumination at room temperature,using formic acid(HCOOH) as a liquid hydrogen carrier.This work demonstrates an efficient,low-energy pathway for hydrogen generation and offers a promising platform for practical solar-to-hydrogen conversion under ambient conditions.展开更多
Complex distillation processes can often be effectively optimized using meta‑heuristic algorithms.However,during optimization procedure,a large number of infeasible solutions are generated,hindering efficient explorat...Complex distillation processes can often be effectively optimized using meta‑heuristic algorithms.However,during optimization procedure,a large number of infeasible solutions are generated,hindering efficient exploration of feasible,high‑performance regions of the search space.In this study,we propose a data‑driven identification and adaptive directed correction strategy for handling infeasible solutions,and on this basis,develop an efficient multi‑objective optimization framework(MO‑DIDC)for complex distillation processes.By identifying infeasible solutions that closely resemble high‑performance ones,the framework leverages them to accelerate convergence to optimal designs.A surrogate model is trained to distinguish high‑and low‑performance solutions and is then used to identify potentially high‑performance candidates within the infeasible set.Through similarity analysis,the most influential variable is selected for correction to generate new promising solutions.This strategy reduces unnecessary exploration of infeasible regions and concentrates computational effort on feasible,high‑quality solutions.Demonstrated on a side‑stream double‑column extractive distillation system and a four‑column extractive distillation system,the proposed optimization framework outperforms a widely used genetic algorithm while substantially improving computational efficiency,achieving optimization time reductions of 35.3%and 20.8%,respectively.Overall,the proposed MO‑DIDC framework provides an effective and computationally efficient tool for the optimization of complex distillation processes.展开更多
In our recently published paper,[1]a typesetting error occurred during the production process.Figure 1 in the published version was incomplete.The processing of molecular dynamics(MD)simulation data into graph-structu...In our recently published paper,[1]a typesetting error occurred during the production process.Figure 1 in the published version was incomplete.The processing of molecular dynamics(MD)simulation data into graph-structured representations in the left bottom panel of thefigure was inadvertently omitted.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter presents a contrastive reinforcement learning(Contrastive RL)-based framework,addressing challenging goal-conditioned problems in robotic control.While Contrastive RL offers promise in learning...Dear Editor,This letter presents a contrastive reinforcement learning(Contrastive RL)-based framework,addressing challenging goal-conditioned problems in robotic control.While Contrastive RL offers promise in learning state-action-goal relationships,it suffers from a critical limitation:Insufficient discriminability between positive and negative samples attributed to inefficient value exploration and model overfitting.展开更多
Pressure provides a clean route to uncover hidden electronic and magnetic instabilities in layered tellurides by continuously tuning bandwidths and Fermi-surface topology without introducing chemical disorder.Here we ...Pressure provides a clean route to uncover hidden electronic and magnetic instabilities in layered tellurides by continuously tuning bandwidths and Fermi-surface topology without introducing chemical disorder.Here we report high-pressure electrical transport,magne-toresistance,Hall effect,and synchrotron x-ray diffraction measurements on single-crystalline monoclinic FeNbTe2.At ambient pressure,FeNbTe2 displays a low-temperature resistive upturn together with negative magnetoresistance and an anomalous Hall effect.Upon compression across Pc~5.5 GPa,the resistive upturn is fully suppressed,the anomalous Hall response collapses,and the Hall coeffi-cient reverses sign.Room-temperature high-pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction reveals that the monoclinic structure remains stable throughout the investigated pressure range,with no evidence for a symmetry-changing structural transition.These combined results suggest a pressure-driven electronic reconstruction near Pc within the preserved monoclinic framework,accompanied by a marked modi-fication of the magnetic transport response.Our work establishes monoclinic FeNbTe2 as a useful platform for exploring pressure-con-trolled electronic reconstruction and anomalous transverse transport in layered magnetic tellurides.展开更多
We propose a data-driven framework for rapid prediction of thermal conductivity in solids based on shorttime molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.By converting atomic configurations into graph representations,a graph con...We propose a data-driven framework for rapid prediction of thermal conductivity in solids based on shorttime molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.By converting atomic configurations into graph representations,a graph convolutional network(GCN)is used to extract spatial features,which are then processed by a long short-term memory(LSTM)network to capture the temporal evolution of physical properties.The framework is validated using equilibrium MD simulations of germanium at 1000 K across various system sizes.With sizespecific normalization and optimized hyperparameters,the model accurately predicts the converged thermal conductivity,achieving results consistent with experimental data.Notably,the proposed method significantly reduces computational time by up to 800-fold at large system sizes,which demonstrates its potential to accelerate thermal transport simulations in solid-state systems.展开更多
Lactylation is a post‑translational modification(PTM)of proteins involved in epigenetic regulation.The large amounts of lactate produced in tumors via the Warburg effect drive lysine lactylation.Lysine lactylation is ...Lactylation is a post‑translational modification(PTM)of proteins involved in epigenetic regulation.The large amounts of lactate produced in tumors via the Warburg effect drive lysine lactylation.Lysine lactylation is a key link between the Warburg effect and the malignant phenotype of cancer that enables tumors to adapt to their microenvironment and resist therapeutic interventions through regulating gene expression and metabolism[1].In a seminal study,Chen et al.[2]demonstrated that a large amount of the lactate produced becomes an“accomplice”of tumor cells during tumor cell metabolism,helping them to evade the killing effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the journal Nature.And they found that lactate is primarily involved in DNA repair mediated by homologous recombination(HR).展开更多
We demonstrate a thermally tunable mode-locked fiber laser integrating a polarization-sensitive SMF-PMFSMF modulator and a Bi2TeSe2 saturable absorber(SMF:single-mode fiber;PMF:polarization-maintaining fiber).By...We demonstrate a thermally tunable mode-locked fiber laser integrating a polarization-sensitive SMF-PMFSMF modulator and a Bi2TeSe2 saturable absorber(SMF:single-mode fiber;PMF:polarization-maintaining fiber).By controlling the PMF temperature,reversible switching among conventional,dissipative,and boundstate solitons is achieved.The wavelength tuning ranges are about 5 nm and 2.8 nm for conventional and dissipative solitons,respectively,with a tuning efficiency of 0.35 nm/℃.Numerical simulations based on temperatureinduced birefringence variation reproduce the observed dynamics.Furthermore,a wavelength-encoding scheme utilizing thermally driven soliton shifts is proposed,providing a feasible approach for soliton-state-controlled optical communication.展开更多
Altermagnets have attracted tremendous interest for revealing intriguing physics and promising spintronics applications.In contrast to conventional antiferromagnets,altermagnets break both PT and Tτsymmetries,and sim...Altermagnets have attracted tremendous interest for revealing intriguing physics and promising spintronics applications.In contrast to conventional antiferromagnets,altermagnets break both PT and Tτsymmetries,and simultaneously exhibit spin-split band structures with a vanishing net magnetization.To quantify altermagnetic insulators without conduction electrons,we propose to use the magneto–optical Kerr effect(MOKE).In particular,we demonstrate not only the giant MOKE responses,but also their connection with the orientations of Néel vectors at room temperature in the altermagnetic insulator hematite(α-Fe2O3).Specifically,under the Néel vector along the[1100]axis,we find a giant polar Kerr rotation angle of 103.7 mdeg in the(1120)plane,which is allowed by the magnetic space group C2′/c′.Under the Néeel vector along the[1120]axis,we find a longitudinal Kerr angle of 9.6 mdeg in the(0001)plane,which is allowed by the magnetic space group C2/c.Further,we show that such pronounced MOKE effects directly enable optical imaging of altermagnetic domains,together with their reversible domain wall(DW)motion.Our studies not only suggest that MOKE can be used to identify altermagnetic candidates,but also signify the feasibility of exploring altermagnetic optical and DW spintronics,which could largely expand the current research paradigm of altermagnetism.展开更多
The Alzheimer's disease(AD)therapeutic landscape is evolving rapidly.While anti-amyloid antibodies have achieved regulatory approval,their incremental clinical benefits have intensified interest in neuroinflammati...The Alzheimer's disease(AD)therapeutic landscape is evolving rapidly.While anti-amyloid antibodies have achieved regulatory approval,their incremental clinical benefits have intensified interest in neuroinflammation as a complementary therapeutic axis.Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)represents a particularly attractive microglial target,given that loss-offunction variants confer a three-fold elevation in AD risk.展开更多
The goal of the present work is to demonstrate the potential of Artificial Neural Network(ANN)-driven Genetic Algorithm(GA)methods for energy efficiency and economic performance optimization of energy efficiency measu...The goal of the present work is to demonstrate the potential of Artificial Neural Network(ANN)-driven Genetic Algorithm(GA)methods for energy efficiency and economic performance optimization of energy efficiency measures in a multi-family house building in Greece.The energy efficiency measures include different heating/cooling systems(such as low-temperature and high-temperature heat pumps,natural gas boilers,split units),building envelope components for floor,walls,roof and windows of variable heat transfer coefficients,the installation of solar thermal collectors and PVs.The calculations of the building loads and investment and operating and maintenance costs of the measures are based on the methodology defined in Directive 2010/31/EU,while economic assumptions are based on EN 15459-1 standard.Typically,multi-objective optimization of energy efficiency measures often requires the simulation of very large numbers of cases involving numerous possible combinations,resulting in intense computational load.The results of the study indicate that ANN-driven GA methods can be used as an alternative,valuable tool for reliably predicting the optimal measures which minimize primary energy consumption and life cycle cost of the building with greatly reduced computational requirements.Through GA methods,the computational time needed for obtaining the optimal solutions is reduced by 96.4%-96.8%.展开更多
0 INTRODUCTION Earth science is a natural science concerned with the composition,dynamics,spatiotemporal evolution,and formation mechanisms of Earth materials(Chen and Yang,2023).Traditional Earth science research has...0 INTRODUCTION Earth science is a natural science concerned with the composition,dynamics,spatiotemporal evolution,and formation mechanisms of Earth materials(Chen and Yang,2023).Traditional Earth science research has largely been discipline-based,relying on field investigations,data collection,experimental analyses,and data interpretation to study individual components of the Earth system.展开更多
At the intersection of a new wave of technological revolution and industrial transformation,the boundaries between manufacturing and services are blurring at an unprecedented pace.This is not a simple process of addin...At the intersection of a new wave of technological revolution and industrial transformation,the boundaries between manufacturing and services are blurring at an unprecedented pace.This is not a simple process of adding one sector to another,but a deeper structural shift.As manufacturing and services become increasingly integrated,a broader transformation is underway—from labor-intensive production to more intelligence-driven development.展开更多
The Tan Kah Kee Young Scientist Award in Chemistry goes to Prof.LIU Zhibo from Peking University,recognizing his pioneering contributions to radioactivity-driven chemistry.Operating at the intersection of life science...The Tan Kah Kee Young Scientist Award in Chemistry goes to Prof.LIU Zhibo from Peking University,recognizing his pioneering contributions to radioactivity-driven chemistry.Operating at the intersection of life sciences and urgent clinical needs,his innovative covalent radiopharmaceutical technology shatters the historical bottleneck of traditional radiopharmaceuticals:the persistent trade-off between therapeutic efficacy and safety.Furthermore,LIU has leveraged the unique properties of radioactivity to uncover the anti-tumor immune activity of pyroptosis.展开更多
Despite significant progress in the Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)domain using pattern learning systems from data,machine learning(ML)still faces challenges related to limited generalization and weak interpret...Despite significant progress in the Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)domain using pattern learning systems from data,machine learning(ML)still faces challenges related to limited generalization and weak interpretability.A promising approach to overcoming these challenges is to embed domain knowledge into the ML pipeline,enhancing the model with additional pattern information.In this paper,we review the latest developments in PHM,encapsulated under the concept of Knowledge Driven Machine Learning(KDML).We propose a hierarchical framework to define KDML in PHM,which includes scientific paradigms,knowledge sources,knowledge representations,and knowledge embedding methods.Using this framework,we examine current research to demonstrate how various forms of knowledge can be integrated into the ML pipeline and provide roadmap to specific usage.Furthermore,we present several case studies that illustrate specific implementations of KDML in the PHM domain,including inductive experience,physical model,and signal processing.We analyze the improvements in generalization capability and interpretability that KDML can achieve.Finally,we discuss the challenges,potential applications,and usage recommendations of KDML in PHM,with a particular focus on the critical need for interpretability to ensure trustworthy deployment of artificial intelligence in PHM.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52325501,U24B2047).
摘要Current research on robot calibration can be roughly classified into two categories,and both of them have certain inherent limitations.Model-based methods are difficult to model and compensate the pose errors arising from configuration-dependent geometric and non-geometric source errors,whereas the accuracy of data-driven methods depends on a large amount of measurement data.Using a 5-DOF(degrees of freedom)hybrid machining robot as an exemplar,this study presents a model data-driven approach for the calibration of robotic manipulators.An f-DOF realistic robot containing various source errors is visualized as a 6-DOF fictitious robot having error-free parameters,but erroneous actuated/virtual joint motions.The calibration process essentially involves four steps:(1)formulating the linear map relating the pose error twist to the joint motion errors,(2)parameterizing the joint motion errors using second-order polynomials in terms of nominal actuated joint variables,(3)identifying the polynomial coefficients using the weighted least squares plus principal component analysis,and(4)compensating the compensable pose errors by updating the nominal actuated joint variables.The merit of this approach is that it enables compensation of the pose errors caused by configuration-dependent geometric and non-geometric source errors using finite measurement configurations.Experimental studies on a prototype machine illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
摘要High-throughput transcriptomics has evolved from bulk RNA-seq to single-cell and spatial profiling,yet its clinical translation still depends on effective integration across diverse omics and data modalities.Emerging foundation models and multimodal learning frameworks are enabling scalable and transferable representations of cellular states,while advances in interpretability and real-world data integration are bridging the gap between discovery and clinical application.This paper outlines a concise roadmap for AI-driven,transcriptome-centered multi-omics integration in precision medicine(Figure 1).
摘要The publisher regrets the CRediT authorship contribution statement was inserted incorrectly and the correct statement should be updated as below:Zengji Liu:Writing-review&editing,Writing-original draft,Visualization,Validation,Supervision,Software,Resources,Project administration,Methodology,Investigation,Funding acquisition,Formal analysis,Data curation,Conceptualization.Mengge Liu:Writing-review&editing,Writing-original draft,Investigation.Qi Wang:Writing-review&editing,Writing-original draft.Yi Tang:Writing-review&editing,Writing-original draft.
摘要Solid-state lithium batteries are being pursued as next-generation energy-storage systems since they promise improved safety and higher energy density by pairing nonflammable inorganic solid electrolytes with lithium-metal anodes[1-3].Among various solid electrolytes,inorganic ceramics are particularly attractive because they combine high Li+conductivity,a wide electrochemical stability window,and sufficient mechanical rigidity.This rigidity would be expected to resist lithium penetration during electrodeposition[4].However,lithium filaments can still penetrate dense ceramic electrolytes,causing internal short circuits.This apparent contradiction raises a fundamental question:how can soft lithium propagate through a hard ceramic electrolyte?
基金support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22408040,62394344)China Postdoctoral Support Program(Grant No.GZC20230354)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2023M740489,2025T180320)Liaoning Province Key Research and Development‘Unveiling and Commanding’Project(Grant No.2023JH1/10400087)Dalian Key Research and Development‘Unveiling and Commanding’Project(Grant No.2023JB11GX005).
摘要Soft measurement based on data-driven models is an important method to predict key variables in process industry due to low latency demand and economics costs.However,data-driven models cannot provide accurate prediction on a noisy data set with a small number of samples.In response to the challenge of noisy data and lack of samples,several data-mechanism hybrid driven methods are proposed to improve key variables prediction performances on the basis of three data-driven models including random forest,extreme gradient boosting,and artificial neural network.Simultaneously,the effectiveness of hybrid driven methods proposed is validated via two cases including benzene-toluene-xylene distillation and steam methane reforming process,where data sets feature different sample sizes and noise intensity.The comparison results show that the hybrid driven methods can improve the prediction accuracy to a certain extent.The degree of improvement depends on the noise intensity,sample size,and data-driven model selected.Under conditions of noise intensity at 10%–20%and sample size ranging from 100 to 400 in this work,after adopting the hybrid driven methods,the coefficient of determination for random forest,extreme gradient boosting,and artificial neural network can be improved by 0.3%–5.2%,0.6%–17.7%,and 0.1%–36.2%compared to corresponding data driven models.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(22208259)Special Fund for Science and Technology Innovation Teams of Shanxi Province(202304051001011)+1 种基金Project of Shaanxi Innovative Talent Promotion Plan-Technology Innovation Team(2024RS‑CXTD‑35)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(2023QCY‑LL‑44).
摘要Forced convection between the reactants and the catalyst in solar-driven hydrogen production systems increases heat loss,thereby constraining the hydrogen evolution rate.To address these challenges,we proposed a multi-interface-induced radiant heat activation strategy that utilizes photothermally generated radiant heat to pre-activate reactants.This process enables the rapid interfacial vaporization of reactants and significantly enhances mass transfer.The resulting multi-interface heating system(MIH)developed achieves gradient heat utilization,combining broadband solar absorption with low thermal emittance,while ensuring precise spatiotemporal coordination between reactant supply and catalytic activity.As a result,a high hydrogen evolution rate of 242 mmol g-1h-1is achieved under 1 sun illumination at room temperature,using formic acid(HCOOH) as a liquid hydrogen carrier.This work demonstrates an efficient,low-energy pathway for hydrogen generation and offers a promising platform for practical solar-to-hydrogen conversion under ambient conditions.
基金support provided by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22278044)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2024IAIS‑QN004)+4 种基金the Chongqing Key Special Project of“Artificial Intelligence+Science and Technology”(Grant No.CSTB2025QYYJX0003)The Chongqing Innovation Support Key Program for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars(Grant No.CX2023002)the Key Project of Technical Innovation and Application Development(Grant No.CSTB2024TIAD‑KPX0058)the Science and Technology Innovation Key R&D Program of Chongqing(Grant No.CSTB2024TIAD‑STX0032)the Xinjiang Autonomous Region Regional Collaborative Innovation Special Science and Technology Assistance Plan Project(Grant No.2024E02036).
摘要Complex distillation processes can often be effectively optimized using meta‑heuristic algorithms.However,during optimization procedure,a large number of infeasible solutions are generated,hindering efficient exploration of feasible,high‑performance regions of the search space.In this study,we propose a data‑driven identification and adaptive directed correction strategy for handling infeasible solutions,and on this basis,develop an efficient multi‑objective optimization framework(MO‑DIDC)for complex distillation processes.By identifying infeasible solutions that closely resemble high‑performance ones,the framework leverages them to accelerate convergence to optimal designs.A surrogate model is trained to distinguish high‑and low‑performance solutions and is then used to identify potentially high‑performance candidates within the infeasible set.Through similarity analysis,the most influential variable is selected for correction to generate new promising solutions.This strategy reduces unnecessary exploration of infeasible regions and concentrates computational effort on feasible,high‑quality solutions.Demonstrated on a side‑stream double‑column extractive distillation system and a four‑column extractive distillation system,the proposed optimization framework outperforms a widely used genetic algorithm while substantially improving computational efficiency,achieving optimization time reductions of 35.3%and 20.8%,respectively.Overall,the proposed MO‑DIDC framework provides an effective and computationally efficient tool for the optimization of complex distillation processes.
摘要In our recently published paper,[1]a typesetting error occurred during the production process.Figure 1 in the published version was incomplete.The processing of molecular dynamics(MD)simulation data into graph-structured representations in the left bottom panel of thefigure was inadvertently omitted.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(T2325018)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2241228)+1 种基金Interdisciplinary Disciplines Breakthrough Plan of the Ministry of Education of China(JYB2025XDXM605)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(25LN3200500)。
摘要Dear Editor,This letter presents a contrastive reinforcement learning(Contrastive RL)-based framework,addressing challenging goal-conditioned problems in robotic control.While Contrastive RL offers promise in learning state-action-goal relationships,it suffers from a critical limitation:Insufficient discriminability between positive and negative samples attributed to inefficient value exploration and model overfitting.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2024YFA1408102 and 2023YFA1406400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.12504051 and 12304175)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQN26A040013).
摘要Pressure provides a clean route to uncover hidden electronic and magnetic instabilities in layered tellurides by continuously tuning bandwidths and Fermi-surface topology without introducing chemical disorder.Here we report high-pressure electrical transport,magne-toresistance,Hall effect,and synchrotron x-ray diffraction measurements on single-crystalline monoclinic FeNbTe2.At ambient pressure,FeNbTe2 displays a low-temperature resistive upturn together with negative magnetoresistance and an anomalous Hall effect.Upon compression across Pc~5.5 GPa,the resistive upturn is fully suppressed,the anomalous Hall response collapses,and the Hall coeffi-cient reverses sign.Room-temperature high-pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction reveals that the monoclinic structure remains stable throughout the investigated pressure range,with no evidence for a symmetry-changing structural transition.These combined results suggest a pressure-driven electronic reconstruction near Pc within the preserved monoclinic framework,accompanied by a marked modi-fication of the magnetic transport response.Our work establishes monoclinic FeNbTe2 as a useful platform for exploring pressure-con-trolled electronic reconstruction and anomalous transverse transport in layered magnetic tellurides.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52376063)the High Performance Computing Center,Yangtze Delta Region Academy in Jiaxing,Beijing Institute of Technology。
摘要We propose a data-driven framework for rapid prediction of thermal conductivity in solids based on shorttime molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.By converting atomic configurations into graph representations,a graph convolutional network(GCN)is used to extract spatial features,which are then processed by a long short-term memory(LSTM)network to capture the temporal evolution of physical properties.The framework is validated using equilibrium MD simulations of germanium at 1000 K across various system sizes.With sizespecific normalization and optimized hyperparameters,the model accurately predicts the converged thermal conductivity,achieving results consistent with experimental data.Notably,the proposed method significantly reduces computational time by up to 800-fold at large system sizes,which demonstrates its potential to accelerate thermal transport simulations in solid-state systems.
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82404631)the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Nos.2024JJ5346 and 2025JJ80356)the Hengyang Municipal Social Science Foundation(No.2024C026).
摘要Lactylation is a post‑translational modification(PTM)of proteins involved in epigenetic regulation.The large amounts of lactate produced in tumors via the Warburg effect drive lysine lactylation.Lysine lactylation is a key link between the Warburg effect and the malignant phenotype of cancer that enables tumors to adapt to their microenvironment and resist therapeutic interventions through regulating gene expression and metabolism[1].In a seminal study,Chen et al.[2]demonstrated that a large amount of the lactate produced becomes an“accomplice”of tumor cells during tumor cell metabolism,helping them to evade the killing effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the journal Nature.And they found that lactate is primarily involved in DNA repair mediated by homologous recombination(HR).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12275240,12261131495,and 12475008)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.LY24A050002)。
摘要We demonstrate a thermally tunable mode-locked fiber laser integrating a polarization-sensitive SMF-PMFSMF modulator and a Bi2TeSe2 saturable absorber(SMF:single-mode fiber;PMF:polarization-maintaining fiber).By controlling the PMF temperature,reversible switching among conventional,dissipative,and boundstate solitons is achieved.The wavelength tuning ranges are about 5 nm and 2.8 nm for conventional and dissipative solitons,respectively,with a tuning efficiency of 0.35 nm/℃.Numerical simulations based on temperatureinduced birefringence variation reproduce the observed dynamics.Furthermore,a wavelength-encoding scheme utilizing thermally driven soliton shifts is proposed,providing a feasible approach for soliton-state-controlled optical communication.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.Z240006)the distinguished Young Scholar program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12225409)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China Basic Science Center Project(Grant No.52388201)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1405100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52271181,12361141826,12421004,12404138,and Nos.12321004,W2511003 for Y.Y.)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2023ZD0300500)。
摘要Altermagnets have attracted tremendous interest for revealing intriguing physics and promising spintronics applications.In contrast to conventional antiferromagnets,altermagnets break both PT and Tτsymmetries,and simultaneously exhibit spin-split band structures with a vanishing net magnetization.To quantify altermagnetic insulators without conduction electrons,we propose to use the magneto–optical Kerr effect(MOKE).In particular,we demonstrate not only the giant MOKE responses,but also their connection with the orientations of Néel vectors at room temperature in the altermagnetic insulator hematite(α-Fe2O3).Specifically,under the Néel vector along the[1100]axis,we find a giant polar Kerr rotation angle of 103.7 mdeg in the(1120)plane,which is allowed by the magnetic space group C2′/c′.Under the Néeel vector along the[1120]axis,we find a longitudinal Kerr angle of 9.6 mdeg in the(0001)plane,which is allowed by the magnetic space group C2/c.Further,we show that such pronounced MOKE effects directly enable optical imaging of altermagnetic domains,together with their reversible domain wall(DW)motion.Our studies not only suggest that MOKE can be used to identify altermagnetic candidates,but also signify the feasibility of exploring altermagnetic optical and DW spintronics,which could largely expand the current research paradigm of altermagnetism.
基金supported by the National Institutes on Aging under grant number R01AG083512(to MG)。
摘要The Alzheimer's disease(AD)therapeutic landscape is evolving rapidly.While anti-amyloid antibodies have achieved regulatory approval,their incremental clinical benefits have intensified interest in neuroinflammation as a complementary therapeutic axis.Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)represents a particularly attractive microglial target,given that loss-offunction variants confer a three-fold elevation in AD risk.
摘要The goal of the present work is to demonstrate the potential of Artificial Neural Network(ANN)-driven Genetic Algorithm(GA)methods for energy efficiency and economic performance optimization of energy efficiency measures in a multi-family house building in Greece.The energy efficiency measures include different heating/cooling systems(such as low-temperature and high-temperature heat pumps,natural gas boilers,split units),building envelope components for floor,walls,roof and windows of variable heat transfer coefficients,the installation of solar thermal collectors and PVs.The calculations of the building loads and investment and operating and maintenance costs of the measures are based on the methodology defined in Directive 2010/31/EU,while economic assumptions are based on EN 15459-1 standard.Typically,multi-objective optimization of energy efficiency measures often requires the simulation of very large numbers of cases involving numerous possible combinations,resulting in intense computational load.The results of the study indicate that ANN-driven GA methods can be used as an alternative,valuable tool for reliably predicting the optimal measures which minimize primary energy consumption and life cycle cost of the building with greatly reduced computational requirements.Through GA methods,the computational time needed for obtaining the optimal solutions is reduced by 96.4%-96.8%.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFF0501301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42172231)。
摘要0 INTRODUCTION Earth science is a natural science concerned with the composition,dynamics,spatiotemporal evolution,and formation mechanisms of Earth materials(Chen and Yang,2023).Traditional Earth science research has largely been discipline-based,relying on field investigations,data collection,experimental analyses,and data interpretation to study individual components of the Earth system.
摘要At the intersection of a new wave of technological revolution and industrial transformation,the boundaries between manufacturing and services are blurring at an unprecedented pace.This is not a simple process of adding one sector to another,but a deeper structural shift.As manufacturing and services become increasingly integrated,a broader transformation is underway—from labor-intensive production to more intelligence-driven development.
摘要The Tan Kah Kee Young Scientist Award in Chemistry goes to Prof.LIU Zhibo from Peking University,recognizing his pioneering contributions to radioactivity-driven chemistry.Operating at the intersection of life sciences and urgent clinical needs,his innovative covalent radiopharmaceutical technology shatters the historical bottleneck of traditional radiopharmaceuticals:the persistent trade-off between therapeutic efficacy and safety.Furthermore,LIU has leveraged the unique properties of radioactivity to uncover the anti-tumor immune activity of pyroptosis.
基金Supported in part by Science Center for Gas Turbine Project(Project No.P2022-DC-I-003-001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52275130).
摘要Despite significant progress in the Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)domain using pattern learning systems from data,machine learning(ML)still faces challenges related to limited generalization and weak interpretability.A promising approach to overcoming these challenges is to embed domain knowledge into the ML pipeline,enhancing the model with additional pattern information.In this paper,we review the latest developments in PHM,encapsulated under the concept of Knowledge Driven Machine Learning(KDML).We propose a hierarchical framework to define KDML in PHM,which includes scientific paradigms,knowledge sources,knowledge representations,and knowledge embedding methods.Using this framework,we examine current research to demonstrate how various forms of knowledge can be integrated into the ML pipeline and provide roadmap to specific usage.Furthermore,we present several case studies that illustrate specific implementations of KDML in the PHM domain,including inductive experience,physical model,and signal processing.We analyze the improvements in generalization capability and interpretability that KDML can achieve.Finally,we discuss the challenges,potential applications,and usage recommendations of KDML in PHM,with a particular focus on the critical need for interpretability to ensure trustworthy deployment of artificial intelligence in PHM.