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Inclusions and phases in Fe-RE-Si steelmaking alloys and their effect on evolution of inclusions in non-oriented silicon steels 认领 引用
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作者 Xiangyu Li Chao Chen +6 位作者 Tao Wang Zhijie Guo Hongyu Wang Haozheng Wang Liqiang Xue Jun Tian Yanhui Sun 《Journal of Rare Earths》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第1期377-387,共11页
The magnetic properties of non-oriented silicon steel are affected by the composition and morphology of inclusions in the steel.It is necessary to minimize the number of inclusions and modify the inclusions during the... The magnetic properties of non-oriented silicon steel are affected by the composition and morphology of inclusions in the steel.It is necessary to minimize the number of inclusions and modify the inclusions during the manufacturing process.Rare earth modification of the non-oriented silicon steel is a common practice in steelmaking industry.At present,there is still insufficient research on the properties of rare earth alloys themselves,such as phase composition,inclusions in alloys,and the influence of alloy impurities on inclusions in non-oriented silicon steel.In this paper,the phase composition of Fe-RE-Si alloy was analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and electron probe microanalysis(EPMA).The inclusions in Fe-RE-Si alloy were analyzed by electrolytic extraction and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy(SEM-EDS)methods.Subsequently,non-oriented silicon steel was melted in a high-temperature tubular resistance furnace and the Fe-RE-Si alloy was added for rare earth treatment.The evolution of inclusions in silicon steel after Fe-RE-Si alloy treatment was studied by thermodynamic calculation and SEM-EDS analysis.The results demonstrate that the Fe-RE-Si alloy is made up of two phases,i.e.,the Fe-Si phase and the Ce-Si phase.The inclusions in the alloy are predominately Al-Fe intermetallic compounds and oxide inclusions.The effect of the Fe-RE-Si alloy on the size,morphology and composition of inclusions in non-oriented silicon steel was investigated through high-temperature melting experiments and thermodynamic calculations.The results of experiments show that after treatment with Fe-RE-Si alloy,the rare earth inclusions in non-oriented silicon steel are mainly AlN-RE2O2S composite inclusions,a small amount of AlN-RES and AlN-REAlO3 composite inclusions.The modification sequence of rare earth inclusions in heat A(with a rare earth content of 0.0017 wt%)is as follows:RES/RE2O2S→RE2O2S/REAlO3.Besides,the modification sequence in heat B(with a rare earth content of 0.0119 wt%)is as follows:RE2O3/RE2O2S→RES/RE2O2S.When the rare earth content increases from 0.0017 wt%to 0.0119 wt%,the type of rare earth inclusions changes from RE2O2S/REAlO3 to RES/RE2O2S.The average size of inclusions in two heats increases slightly in 30 min after the addition of Fe-RE-Si alloy.The average size of inclusions in heat A and heat B increases from 1.89 to 2.59μm,and from 1.93 to 2.6μm,respectively.The average size of inclusions in the furnace cooling samples of heat A is larger than that of heat B.In both heats,after the addition of Fe-RE-Si alloy,the proportion of inclusions with the size of 0-2μm decreases and the proportion of inclusions with the size of 2-5μm increases.The effect of rare earth elements coarsening inclusions is significant.By calculating Gibbs free energy of the rare earth inclusions and the phase stability diagram,it is found that the thermodynamic stable inclusions in both heats are RE2O2S. 展开更多
关键词 Rare earths Non-oriented silicon steel Fe-RE-Si alloy Thermodynamic calculation Inclusions Deoxidation
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Effect of Si content on microstructure and properties of ultra-thin non-oriented silicon steel ribbons prepared with planar flow casting 认领 引用
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作者 Yuan-Yao Cheng Si-Qian Bao +7 位作者 De-Ming Xu Shou-Hu Zu Jia-Rui Hu Yu-Xin Liu Chen Liu Jia-Qi Chang Xi-An Fan Geng-Wei Yang 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CSCD 2026年第2期148-160,共13页
With the development of electronic components towards high frequency,high efficiency,and miniaturization,the demand for non-oriented silicon steel ultra-thin ribbons is increasing,which were usually prepared by multi-... With the development of electronic components towards high frequency,high efficiency,and miniaturization,the demand for non-oriented silicon steel ultra-thin ribbons is increasing,which were usually prepared by multi-pass rolling with complex processes and high cost.The ultra-thin non-oriented silicon steel ribbons with silicon content of 2–4.5 wt.%Si were prepared with the planar flow casting technology,and the microstructure and properties of ribbons were investigated.The results showed that as the silicon content increased,the grain size of the as-cast ribbons gradually decreased,and the dislocation density and internal stress were higher.The proportion of{100}oriented grains gradually increased from 29.3 to 37.3%,and the ratio of{110}and{111}oriented grains decreased.Meanwhile,the magnetic induction B50 showed a decline trend from 1.62 to 1.45 T with the increase in silicon content,while the iron loss P1.0/400 increased from 20.61 to 66.65 W/kg.This may be related to the silicon content affecting the wettability of melt and the wheel,thereby affecting the cooling capacity.The grains grew significantly after annealing,the internal stress was released and dislocations were eliminated.All this greatly improved the magnetic properties and decreased the hardness.B50 of ribbons with 2 wt.%Si reached 1.66 T and P1.0/400 of ribbons with 4.5 wt.%Si was reduced to 13.40 W/kg.The percentage of{110}fiber grains increased obviously while{100}fiber grains decreased slightly after heat treatment. 展开更多
关键词 Planar flow casting Silicon Non-oriented silicon steel Ultra-thin ribbon Magnetic property
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Numerical simulation of airflow boundary layer effects on behavior of melt puddle and surface quality of Fe–3.0 wt.%Si non-oriented silicon steel ribbons in planar flow casting 认领 引用
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作者 Jia-Qi Chang Si-Qian Bao +4 位作者 Xiao-Wei Gong Qing-Ming Chang Chen Liu Yuan-Yao Cheng Jia-Rui Hu 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CSCD 2026年第2期116-130,共15页
Silicon steel is characterized by a high melting point,poor fluidity,and limited wettability,and the process window for the preparation of non-oriented silicon steel ribbons by planar flow casting(PFC)is limited.Durin... Silicon steel is characterized by a high melting point,poor fluidity,and limited wettability,and the process window for the preparation of non-oriented silicon steel ribbons by planar flow casting(PFC)is limited.During the production process,the melt puddle(MP)behavior is a key factor in determining the final quality of ribbons,and the influence mechanism of the airflow boundary layer on the MP behavior and the surface quality of ribbons is still unclear.The effects of wheel speed on the quality of PFC Fe–3.0%Si non-oriented silicon steel ultra-thin ribbons were systematically investigated.Combined with experiments and numerical simulations,the mechanism of different wheel speeds on the behavior of MP and the surface quality of ribbons was analyzed in depth.It is found that when the MP reaches a steady state,the upstream meniscus shows a C-shape,while the downstream meniscus exhibits a sloped shape.During the formation of the MP,the vortex phenomena occur both around and within the MP.With the increase in wheel speed,the thickness of the ribbons gradually decreases from 67 to 31μm.Furthermore,the air vortex on the upstream and downstream meniscus becomes more and more intense,which significantly increases the possibility of air entrapment in the MP and leads to a significant increase in the percentage of air pockets.When the wheel speed is 10–15 m/s,the surface of the ribbon is smooth,the thickness uniformity is better,and there are fewer defects.However,when the wheel speed is more than 15 m/s,the MP’s stability deteriorates,and the ribbons have obvious veining,wrinkles,and uneven thickness. 展开更多
关键词 Non-oriented silicon steel ribbon Planar flow casting Vortex Melt puddle Upstream meniscus Downstream meniscus
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Effect of sulfur segregation/precipitation on microstructure and magnetic properties of Fe-3%Si non-oriented silicon steel ultra-thin ribbons prepared with planar flow casting 认领 引用
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作者 Zhi-Xiang Liu De-Ming Xu +2 位作者 Si-Qian Bao Geng-Wei Yang Qing-Ming Chang 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CSCD 2026年第4期451-466,共16页
Sulfur segregation at grain boundaries induces hot brittleness in steel,necessitating strict control of sulfur content in conventional non-oriented silicon steel.The ultra-rapid solidification characteristics of the p... Sulfur segregation at grain boundaries induces hot brittleness in steel,necessitating strict control of sulfur content in conventional non-oriented silicon steel.The ultra-rapid solidification characteristics of the planar flow casting process can effectively inhibit sulfur segregation,therefore avoiding hot brittleness of silicon steel ribbons caused by sulfur.The effect of sulfur segregation/precipitation on surface quality,microstructure and magnetic properties of Fe-3%Si ultra-thin ribbons prepared with planar flow casting process is systematically investigated.Results indicate that extensive precipitation of FeS at grain boundaries and internal stresses induced by non-uniform solidification shrinkage leads to crack formation in 0.1%S ribbons.At 0.03%S,nanoscale precipitates(primarily FeS and MnS)distribute uniformly,when sulfur content exceeds 0.06%,and diffuse sulfur aggregation zones emerge.{001}texture strength and magnetic induction of 0.03%S ribbons increase due to the optimized texture.Compared to 0%S ribbons,the magnetic induction of 0.03%S ribbons increases from 1.598 to 1.608 T.Higher sulfur raises iron loss due to increased grain boundaries and impeded magnetic domain motion.After annealing,0.03%S ribbons achieve a magnetic induction of 1.625 T,attributed to sulfur inhibiting undesirable{110}and{111}grain growth.However,excessive sulfur restricts grain growth and texture evolution.Fe-3%Si-0.03%S ribbons possess the best magnetic properties after annealing at 1075℃,with a magnetic induction of 1.625 T,higher than 1.603 T of Fe-3%Si ribbons as well as a greater iron loss(17.51 W/kg vs.12.33 W/kg). 展开更多
关键词 Planar flow casting Ultra-thin non-oriented Fe-3%Si ribbon Sulfur segregation Sulfur precipitation Microstructure Magnetic property
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Coherent Cu-rich nanoprecipitates:Achieving both high strength and superior magnetic properties in non-oriented silicon steels 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Zhaoyang Cheng Qiuyue Wen +3 位作者 Bolin Zhong Yongfeng Liang Xiaobin Zhang Jing Liu 《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第30期319-333,共15页
Non-oriented silicon steels with both excellent magnetic properties and high strength are essential for the drive motors of new energy vehicles.However,achieving a balance between strength and magnetic properties is a... Non-oriented silicon steels with both excellent magnetic properties and high strength are essential for the drive motors of new energy vehicles.However,achieving a balance between strength and magnetic properties is a challenging task.This study successfully developed non-oriented silicon steel that met these demanding requirements by utilizing the coherent nano-Cu-rich phases precipitated during aging.In the current investigation,the evolution of precipitation during the aging process of Cu-alloyed non-oriented silicon steel is revealed as:BCC Cu-rich cluster(Fe:Cu>1)→B2 FeCu cluster(Fe:Cu approaches 1)→BCC Cu cluster(Fe:Cu<1)→Twinned 9R Cu→Detwinned 9R Cu.Notably,the 9R Cu precipitated in the later stage of aging was coarse and incoherent with the matrix,offering minimal strengthening benefits while considerably deteriorated the magnetic properties.Conversely,the other three phases that formed in the early stage of aging were fine,dispersed,and coherent with the matrix,effectively enhancing the yield strength of the steel with minimal negative impact on its magnetic properties.The total increment of yield strength attributed to BCC Cu-rich clusters,B2 FeCu clusters,and BCC Cu clusters were 207,304,and 374 MPa,respectively.The strengthening mechanism operated primarily through the cutting mechanism,which was dominated by the modulus difference strengthening and coherent strain strengthening.Moreover,a unique ordered strengthening of approximately 207 MPa arose from the ordered B2 FeCu clusters.Thus,the steel aged for 3–30 min with the precipitation of B2 FeCu clusters and BCC Cu clusters exhibited the most favorable overall performance with a yield strength of 750–800 MPa,P1.0/400 of 16.3–18.3 W kg−1,and B5000 of 1.641–1.656 T. 展开更多
关键词 High-strength non-oriented silicon steel Coherent Cu-rich nanoprecipitates Precipitation strengthening Magnetic properties
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Effect of rare-earth yttrium and cold rolling reduction rate on texture evolution and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Jun-zhe Hu Rui-yang Liang +5 位作者 Feng Guo Hao Wu Jia-wei Feng Wen-tao Zhang Chen-cheng Xu Peng-lei Gao 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第11期3908-3922,共15页
The impact of rare-earth yttrium and cold-rolling reduction rate on the texture evolution and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel is investigated.The experimental results clearly demonstrate that the ... The impact of rare-earth yttrium and cold-rolling reduction rate on the texture evolution and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel is investigated.The experimental results clearly demonstrate that the influencing mechanism of rare-earth yttrium on texture evolution varies at different stages.During the stage of normalization and annealing,the second-phase particles with yttrium precipitate at the grain boundaries of brass-oriented grains,pinning the grain boundaries and inhibiting the development of brass components.During the cold rolling stage,the purification of rare earth yttrium significantly reduces the shear band density of cold-rolled steel.Consequently,the experimental steel with yttrium exhibits larger and more uniform grain size after recrystallization annealing.During the recrystallization stage,the nucleation energy of experimental steel with yttrium is reduced,which facilitates the nucleation of low-energy{100}and{110}grains,and greatly limits the growth of γ-recrystallized grains,forming strong cube and Goss textures after recrystallization annealing.The combination of these effects contributes to the superior magnetic properties of the non-oriented electrical steel with yttrium.The influence of cold rolling reduction rate on the magnetic properties of non-oriented silicon steel needs to be comprehensively considered in terms of the recrystallized grain size,texture,and sample thickness.The samples with higher cold-rolling reduction rate have better magnetic properties due to the reduction in eddy current losses caused by thickness reduction,which offsets the adverse effects of smaller grain size and more γ texture components on magnetic properties. 展开更多
关键词 Non-oriented electrical steel Magnetic property Rare earth Y Cold rolling reduction Recrystallization
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Comparisons of{100}texture improvement and formability in hot-rolled non-oriented electrical steel by austenite-ferrite phase transformation and shear deformation 认领 引用
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作者 Chi-hao Yu Hong-jiang Pan +2 位作者 Yan-ping Zhao De-ting Tang Hai-jun Wang 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第1期171-185,共15页
Over the years,the high magnetic induction of industrial Mn-added electrical steel is assumed to be the enhancement of{100}texture derived from its austenite-ferrite phase transformation during hot rolling(phase trans... Over the years,the high magnetic induction of industrial Mn-added electrical steel is assumed to be the enhancement of{100}texture derived from its austenite-ferrite phase transformation during hot rolling(phase transformation(PT)method).However,it is still undetermined without straightforward experimental evidence.The reason for{100}texture improvement of Mn-added electrical steel is experimentally confirmed due to the recrystallization induced by the austenite-ferrite phase transformation during hot rolling.Moreover,a more promising methodology to further improve{100}texture and formability of hot-rolled electrical steel is promoted by the control of hot rolling deformation condition(shear deformation(SD)method).The results show that the nucleation mechanisms of{100}oriented recrystallized grains are different in the samples by SD and PT methods,which are in-depth shear deformation and austenite-ferrite phase transformation,respectively.In this case,coarse{100}oriented recrystallized grains and low residual stress are obtained in the sample by SD method,which is responsible for its superior{100}texture and formability.In contrast,the sample by PT method forms fine recrystallized grains with random orientations and accumulates severe residual stress. 展开更多
关键词 Non-oriented electrical steel {100}texture Formability Austenite-ferrite phase transformation Shear deformation
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Recrystallization texture development in rare-earth(RE)-doped non-oriented silicon steel 认领 引用 被引量：13
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作者 Zheng-hua He Yu-hui Sha +3 位作者 Yong-kuang Gao Song-tao Chang Fang Zha Liang Zuo 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第11期1339-1346,共8页
High-grade non-oriented silicon steel with higher permeability and lower core loss has become the pursed target with the rapid developnient of electrical machines.The effects of rare-earth(RE)element on recrystallizat... High-grade non-oriented silicon steel with higher permeability and lower core loss has become the pursed target with the rapid developnient of electrical machines.The effects of rare-earth(RE)element on recrystallization texture in RE-doped Fe-3.1 wt.%Si-1.2 wt.%Al non-oriented silicon steel were investigated by macro-and micro-texture analyses.Nonlinear variation of recrystallization texture with RE element content was observed.In the competition among main recrystallization texture components,favorable{113}and X fiber(//ND)are strengthened and unfavorable y fiber is evidently decreased by the addition of RE element,whereas the effect of RE element is reversed by excess RE element.The recrystallization texture development is determined by RE-affected nucleation and grain growth in terms of grain boundary migration related to segregation and inclusion.The properly inhibited grain boundary mobility can promote favorable recrystallization texture by the improved nucleation and efficient grain growth. 展开更多
关键词 Non-oriented silicon steel Texture Rare-earth element Grain boundary Segregation
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Effect of normalization on texture evolution of 0.2-mm-thick thingauge non-oriented electrical steels with strong η-fiber textures 认领 引用 被引量：11
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作者 Jing Qin De-fu Liu +2 位作者 Ye Yue Hong-jin Zhao Chao-bin Lai 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第11期1219-1227,共9页
Thin-gauge non-oriented electrical steel sheets of 0.2 mm in thickness with high magnetic induction and low core loss were produced by a two-stage cold-rolling method with and without normalization annealing.The throu... Thin-gauge non-oriented electrical steel sheets of 0.2 mm in thickness with high magnetic induction and low core loss were produced by a two-stage cold-rolling method with and without normalization annealing.The through-process texture evolutions of the two processes were compared and studied by means of X-ray diffractometer and electron backscattered diffraction.Results showed that excellent magnetic properties were attributed to strong η-fiber recrystallization texture in the final sheet.Coarse γ-fiber-oriented grains after intermediate annealing and medium cold-rolling reduction were considered key factors to obtain a strong γ-fiber texture given that a large number of shear bands within the γ-fiber deformed matrix provided dominant nucleation sites for η-fiber-oriented grains.The normalization annealing after hot rolling was favorable for the retention of cube texture,thereby decreasing the magnetic anisotropy of thin-gauge non-oriented electrical steels. 展开更多
关键词 Thin-gauge non-oriented electrical steel Two-stage cold-rolling method Microstructure Texture evolution Magnetic property
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Calculation of AlN and MnS Precipitation in Non-Oriented Electrical Steel Produced by CSP Process 认领 引用 被引量：14
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作者 XIANG Li YUE Er-bin +2 位作者 FAN Ding-dong QIU Sheng-tao ZHAO Pei 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE CAS 2008年第5期88-94,共7页
Combining with the study of analogue experiments and test analysis,the kinetics of precipitation and growth of AlN and MnS in non-oriented electrical steel produced by the CSP process is calculated.The results show th... Combining with the study of analogue experiments and test analysis,the kinetics of precipitation and growth of AlN and MnS in non-oriented electrical steel produced by the CSP process is calculated.The results show that the precipitate phase particles of AlN and MnS in typical non-oriented electrical steel grades produced by the CSP process have grown to some extent in the soaking stage,but the precipitation contents are less than 20%of the total contents of nitride and sulfide.The precipitate phase particles of AlN and MnS have precipitated almost after the hot rolling process.The precipitation contents are more than 80%of the total contents of nitride and sulfide,but it is very late for the precipitate phase particles to grow at the end of the hot rolling process. 展开更多
关键词 CSP non-oriented electrical steel calculation AlN precipitation MnS precipitation
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Effect of lanthanum content on microstructure and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steels 认领 引用 被引量：25
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作者 万勇 陈伟庆 吴绍杰 《Journal of Rare Earths》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2013年第7期727-733,共7页
The effect of lanthanum content in the range of 04）.01 1 wt.%, on the inclusion size distribution, microstructure, texture and magnetic properties of three non-oriented electrical steels was studied. After final anne... The effect of lanthanum content in the range of 04）.01 1 wt.%, on the inclusion size distribution, microstructure, texture and magnetic properties of three non-oriented electrical steels was studied. After final annealing, lanthanum effectively inhibited the precipitation of MnS precipitates in steel, the formations of La2O2S and LaS inclusions not only acted as nuclei of AlN precipitates, but also combined with A1203 and formed composite inclusions with larger size. Grain size firstly increased and then decreased with lanthanum content increasing. Steel containing 0.0066 wt.% lanthanum obtained the largest grain size, the strongest { 110} 〈 110〉 texture and the weakest { 112}〈110〉 texture among all the tested steels. Magnetic flux density firstly increased and then decreased, core loss firstly dramatically decreased and then slightly decreased with lanthanum content increasing. Among the three tested steels, steel with 0.0066 wt.% lanthanum demonstrated the best comprehensive magnetic properties mainly through the development of favorable texture and appropriate final grain size. 展开更多
关键词 lanthanum non-oriented electrical steel grain size texture magnetic property rare earths
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Effect of lanthanum on recrystallization behavior of non-oriented silicon steel 认领 引用 被引量：12
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作者 师彩娟 金自力 +1 位作者 任慧平 尤静林 《Journal of Rare Earths》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第3期309-314,共6页
Non-oriented silicon steels containing different mass fractions of lanthanum were prepared using a high-frequency suspended furnace.Microstructures were observed by a metallographic microscope and micro-orientations w... Non-oriented silicon steels containing different mass fractions of lanthanum were prepared using a high-frequency suspended furnace.Microstructures were observed by a metallographic microscope and micro-orientations were analyzed by a scanning electron microscope（SEM）.The results showed that at the annealing temperature of 870℃,recrystallization started at 90 s and completed at 120 s during annealing.Without lanthanum,no matter Cube or {111 }110 grains,recrystallized grains nucleated mainly in deformed {111}110 and {113}031 grains.With lanthanum,however,they nucleated in the deformed {110} and {112}132grains.This indicated that addition of lanthanum changed the micro-orientation relationship between new grains and the matrix. 展开更多
关键词 non-oriented silicon steel lanthanum recrystallization rare earths
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Significant effect of as-cast microstructure on texture evolution and magnetic properties of strip cast non-oriented silicon steel 认领 引用 被引量：9
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作者 Haitao Jiao Yunbo Xu +5 位作者 Wenzheng Qiu Haijie xu R.D.K.Misra Yifeng Du Jianping Li Guodong Wang 《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2018年第12期2472-2479,共8页
In this study, two types of as-cast microstructure produced by strip casting were cold rolled and annealed to investigate the effect of initial microstructure on the textural evolution and magnetic properties of non-o... In this study, two types of as-cast microstructure produced by strip casting were cold rolled and annealed to investigate the effect of initial microstructure on the textural evolution and magnetic properties of non-oriented silicon steel. The results indicated that the cold-rolled sheets of coarse-grained strip with pronounced {100} components exhibited stronger 入 fiber(//ND) and weaker γ fiber(//ND)texture as composed to the fine-grained strip with strong Goss({110}(001)) texture. After annealing, the former was dominated by η fiber(//RD) texture with a peak at {110}<001)orientation, while the latter consisted of strong {111}(112) and relatively weak {110}(001) texture. In addition, a number of precipitates of size ～30-150 nm restricted the grain growth during annealing, resulting in recrystallization of grain size of ～46 μm in the coarse-grained specimen and ～41μm in the fine-grained specimen.Ultimately, higher magnetic induction(～1.72 T) and lower core loss(～4.04 W/kg) were obtained in the final annealed sheets of coarse-grained strip with strong {100} texture. 展开更多
关键词 As-cast microstructure Non-oriented silicon steel Strip casting Texture Magnetic properties
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Effect of Heating Rate on Microstructure Evolution and Magnetic Properties of Cold Rolled Non-Oriented Electrical Steel 认领 引用 被引量：10
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作者 WANG Jian LI Jun +3 位作者 WANG Xin-feng TIAN Jian-jun ZHANG Cai-hong ZHANG Shen-gen 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE CAS 2010年第11期54-61,共8页
The effects of heating rate （ranging from 50 to 300 ℃/s） during the final annealing process on microstructure evolution and magnetic properties of cold rolled non-oriented electrical steel were investigated. It was... The effects of heating rate （ranging from 50 to 300 ℃/s） during the final annealing process on microstructure evolution and magnetic properties of cold rolled non-oriented electrical steel were investigated. It was found that increasing heating rate increased the nucleation temperature and complete recrystallization temperature. At the same time, heating rate increasing could cause the substantially refined structures for the recrystallization grains and this grain refinement would decline when the heating rate was beyond 50 ℃/s. The recrystallization texture exhibited pronounced improvement with heating rate, such as the intensity decrease of 〈111〉//ND （normal direction） fiber and the intensity increase of { 110}%〈001〉 Goss texture component. The texture improvement and grain size refinement caused by heating rate increasing resulted in complicated variation of the magnetic properties. The magnetic induction （B50） keeps increasing while heating rate increases from 15 to 300 ℃/s which is due to the recrystallized texture optimization caused by rapid heating. The core losses （P1.5/50） decrease while heating rate increases from 15 to 100 ℃/s; however, the core losses would increase when heating rate is higher than 100 ℃/s, which is caused by the mean grain size refinement after rapid heating annealing. The results indicate that recrystallization texture and the magnetic properties of the non-oriented electrical steel can be improved definitely by rapid heating during the final annealing treatment. 展开更多
关键词 non-oriented electrical steel heating rate texture core loss magnetic induction
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Effect of lanthanum on inclusions in non-oriented electrical steel slabs 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Qiang Ren Zhi-yuan Hu +3 位作者 Yun-xia Liu Wei-cheng Zhang Zi-qi Gao Li-feng Zhang 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期1680-1691,共12页
The effect of lanthanum on the characteristics of inclusions in the slab of non-oriented electrical steels was investigated through industrial trials and thermodynamic analysis.The number,size,and chemical composition... The effect of lanthanum on the characteristics of inclusions in the slab of non-oriented electrical steels was investigated through industrial trials and thermodynamic analysis.The number,size,and chemical composition of inclusions in the surface,one-quarter of thickness and the center of slabs with and without lanthanum addition were statistically analyzed using an automatic inclusion analysis system.In the lanthanum-free slab,inclusions were predominately MgO.Al2O3,MgO,and AlN as well as a small number of Al2O3-MgO-CaO and MgS.The number densities of oxide inclusions and AlN decreased from the surface to the center of the slab,which was ascribed to the difference in cooling intensity during the continuous casting.In the steel with lanthanum addition,inclusions were modified into LaAlO3 and La2O2S and gradually transformed into dual-phase MgO-La2S3 with an increasing distance from the slab surface due to the reaction between the lanthanum-containing inclusion and the steel matrix.The uneven distribution of oxide inclusions along the thickness of the slab was eliminated in the lanthanum-bearing slab because the dissolved oxygen was remarkably decreased by lanthanum.Lanthanum-bearing inclusions were more likely to agglomerate AlN by inducing the heterogeneous nucleation of AlN on their surface,while small-size MgO.Al2O3 inclusions hardly showed a coarsening effect on the size of AlN. 展开更多
关键词 Lanthanum-Inclusion Non-oriented electrical steel Aluminum nitride Heterogenous nucleation
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High temperature plastic deformation behavior of non-oriented electrical steel 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 肖于德 李敏 +3 位作者 王伟 周娟 吴光亮 彭跃明 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2009年第1期25-31,共7页
High temperature plastic deformation behavior of non-orientated electrical steel was investigated by Gleeble 1500 thermo-mechanical simulator at strain rate of 0.01-10 s^-1 and high temperature of 500-1 200 ℃. The st... High temperature plastic deformation behavior of non-orientated electrical steel was investigated by Gleeble 1500 thermo-mechanical simulator at strain rate of 0.01-10 s^-1 and high temperature of 500-1 200 ℃. The stress level factor （a）, stress exponent （n）, structural factor （A） and activation energy （Q） of high temperature plastic deformation process of non-orientated electrical steel in different temperature ranges were calculated by the Arrhenius model. The results show that, with dynamic elevation of deformation temperature, phase transformation from α-Fe to γ-Fe takes place simultaneously during plastic deformation, dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization process, leading to an irregular change of the steady flow stress. For high temperature plastic deformation between 500 and 800 ℃, the calculated values of a, n, A, and Q are 0.039 0 MPa 1, 7.93, 1.9× 10^18 s^-1, and 334.8 kJ/mol, respectively, and for high temperature plastic deformation between 1 050 and 1 200 ℃, the calculated values of a, n, A, and Q are 0.125 8 MPa1, 5.29, 1.0 × 10^28 s^-1, and 769.9 kJ/mol, respectively. 展开更多
关键词 non-oriented electrical steel plastic deformation flow stress
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Fatigue Cracking Characterization of High Grade Non-oriented Electrical Steels 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 杜丽影 周桂峰 +4 位作者 LIU Jing SHI Wenmin BI Yunjie CHENG Zhaoyang XUE Huan 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS 2017年第6期1329-1335,共7页
The fatigue behavior of 30 WGP1600 non-oriented electrical steel, which is generally used in the motors for electrical vehicles, was investigated. The detailed microstructure and dislocation configurations of the fati... The fatigue behavior of 30 WGP1600 non-oriented electrical steel, which is generally used in the motors for electrical vehicles, was investigated. The detailed microstructure and dislocation configurations of the fatigue specimens were examined by OM, SEM, and TEM. The test results showed that fatigue cracks were commonly initiated from the surface grain boundaries, crystals plane, and inclusions. The rapid fatigue crack propagation was characterized by transgranular cleavage fracture, while most transient fracture exhibited ductile tearing characteristics. After cyclic deformation of the non-oriented electrical steels, various dislocation structures, such as short and thick lines, veins, persistent slip bands, cells, and labyrinth, were observed. 展开更多
关键词 non-oriented electrical steel fatigue behavior crack initiation crack propagation dislocation structure
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Effect of Boron Content on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Non-oriented Electrical Steels 认领 引用 被引量：6
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作者 万勇 CHEN Weiqing 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS 2015年第3期574-579,共6页
The effects of boron content in the range of 0-0.0082 wt%, on the inclusion type, microstructurc, texture and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steels have been studied. After final annealing, the additio... The effects of boron content in the range of 0-0.0082 wt%, on the inclusion type, microstructurc, texture and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steels have been studied. After final annealing, the addition of excess boron（w（B0〉0.004 1 wt%） led to the formation of Fe2B particles. As boron content increased, grain size increased and reached a maximum in steel with 0.004 1 wt% boron. Furthermore, steel containing 0.004 1 wt% boron had the strongest { 100} fiber texture, Goss texture and the weakest { 111 } fiber texture among the five tested steels. Flux density firstly rapidly increased and then suddenly decreased with increasing boron content and reached a maximum in steel with 0.004 1 wt% boron. Conversely, core loss first sharply decreased and then abruptly increased with the increase of boron content and reached a minimum in steel containing 0.004 1 wt% boron. Steel containing 0.004 1 wt% boron obtained the best magnetic properties, predominantly through the development of optimum grain size and favorable texture. 展开更多
关键词 boron non-oriented electrical steel grain size texture magnetic property
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Balancing Magnetic and Mechanical Properties of Non-oriented Electrical Steel:Correlation Between Microstructure and Properties 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Zhaoyang Cheng Jing Liu +4 位作者 Chunlei Yu Bolin Zhong Shenglin Chen Bing Fu Soran Birosca 《Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第12期2136-2149,共14页
High performance e-motors require a continuous enhancement of physical and mechanical properties for non-oriented electrical steel(NOES).However,the optimization of mechanical and magnetic properties simultaneously du... High performance e-motors require a continuous enhancement of physical and mechanical properties for non-oriented electrical steel(NOES).However,the optimization of mechanical and magnetic properties simultaneously during NOES processing is extremely challenging where both properties directly influenced by alloy grain size,crystallographic texture,and dislocation density.In the current investigation,recrystallization annealing cycles were employed to modify the microstructure with the aim of balance magnetic and mechanical properties of NOES concurrently.The results showed that with increasing annealing temperatures,the degree of recrystallization and grain size increased,while the dislocation density reduced considerably at the early stage of recrystallization.Meanwhile,the values of texture parameter A*overall(which is a function of overall individual grain orientations and their alignments with easy magnetization directions)were increased.It was evident that the magnetic properties were significantly improved,however the alloy strength was reduced with increasing annealing temperatures.Here,the correlation between magnetic properties as well as alloy strength on grain size,texture,and dislocation density were determined.From crystallographic texture intensity and measured properties quantitative analyses it was concluded that grain size was the predominant factor in balancing the mechanical and magnetic properties of the studied steel.Furthermore,the optimal comprehensive properties(both magnetic and mechanical)were achieved by annealing at 800℃,which yielded a magnetic induction B5000 of 1.616 T,a high-frequency iron loss P1.0/400of 22.43 W/kg,and a yield strength of 527 MPa. 展开更多
关键词 High strength non-oriented silicon steel Microstructure Texture Magnetic properties Mechanical properties
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Effect of pre-annealing prior to cold rolling on the precipitation,microstructure and magnetic properties of strip-cast non-oriented electrical steels 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Yunbo Xu Haitao Jiao +6 位作者 Yuanxiang Zhang Feng Fang Xiang Lu Yang Wang Guangming Cao Chenggang Li R.D.K.Misra 《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第12期1465-1474,共10页
A novel processing route involving strip casting, pre-annealing treatment, cold rolling and recrystallization annealing was applied to a Fe-2.6%Si steel to improve the magnetic properties. The impact of as-cast strip ... A novel processing route involving strip casting, pre-annealing treatment, cold rolling and recrystallization annealing was applied to a Fe-2.6%Si steel to improve the magnetic properties. The impact of as-cast strip pre-annealing on the microstructure, texture, precipitation and magnetic properties were investigated by electron probe micro-analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis,etc. It was found that the precipitation of second-phase particles during strip casting was restrained by rapid solidification. The absence of pre-annealing led to the occurrence of a large amount of 20-50 nm Mn S precipitates in the final annealed sheets, which is responsible for fine grains and high core loss（4.01 W/kg） due to grain boundary pinning effect. Although the microstructure and texture of 900-1000？C pre-annealed samples were similar to those of as-cast strip, significant grain coarsening together with the strengthening of-fiber texture was observed in the 1100？C pre-annealed strips. In comparison with the case of as-cast strip, a higher amount of large-sized precipitates consisting of manganese sulfide and/or aluminum nitride occurred in matrix after pre-annealing. Correspondingly, in the final annealed sheets, the number density of precipitates with sizes smaller than 100 nm was substantially reduced, and100-200 nm and 200-500 nm sized particles became more dominant in samples subjected to 30-min and 120-min pre-annealing treatments respectively. In addition, the average grain size of final annealed sheets increased with the pre-annealing temperature and time because of the weakened pining effect of coarsen precipitates. Ultimately, the magnetic induction of samples subjected to pre-annealing was slightly increased and ranged from 1.73 T to 1.75 T owing to the enhancement of {100} recrystallization texture, and simultaneously the core loss significantly decreased until a minimum of 3.26 W/kg was reached. Nevertheless, large number of 200-500 nm particles presented during pre-annealing for 120 min could weaken the improvement in core loss which is likely associated with the pinning effect on magnetic domain wall. 展开更多
关键词 Strip casting Non-oriented electrical steel As-cast strip annealing Precipitates Magnetic properties
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