We consider a quantum endoreversible Otto engine cycle and its inverse operation-Otto refrigeration cycle,employing two-level systems as the working substance and operating in dual-squeezed reservoirs.We demonstrate t...We consider a quantum endoreversible Otto engine cycle and its inverse operation-Otto refrigeration cycle,employing two-level systems as the working substance and operating in dual-squeezed reservoirs.We demonstrate that the efficiency of heat engines at maximum work output and the coefficient of performance for refrigerators at the maximum c criterion will degenerate toη-=ηC/(2-ηC)andε-=(√9+8εC-3)/2 when symmetric squeezing is satisfied,respectively.We also investigated the influences of squeezing degree on the performance optimization of quantum Otto heat engines at the maximum work output and refrigerators at the maximum X criterion.These analytical results show that the efficiency of heat engines at maximum work output and the coefficient of performance for refrigerators at the maximum X criterion can be improved,reduced or even inhibited in asymmetric squeezing.Furthermore,we also find that the efficiency of quantum Otto heat engines at maximum work output is lower than that obtained from the Otto heat engines based on a single harmonic oscillator system.However,the coefficient of performance of the corresponding refrigerator is higher.展开更多
The prediction process often runs with small samples and under-sufficient information.To target this problem,we propose a performance comparison study that combines prediction and optimization algorithms based on expe...The prediction process often runs with small samples and under-sufficient information.To target this problem,we propose a performance comparison study that combines prediction and optimization algorithms based on experimental data analysis.Through a large number of prediction and optimization experiments,the accuracy and stability of the prediction method and the correction ability of the optimization method are studied.First,five traditional single-item prediction methods are used to process small samples with under-sufficient information,and the standard deviation method is used to assign weights on the five methods for combined forecasting.The accuracy of the prediction results is ranked.The mean and variance of the rankings reflect the accuracy and stability of the prediction method.Second,the error elimination prediction optimization method is proposed.To make,the prediction results are corrected by error elimination optimization method(EEOM),Markov optimization and two-layer optimization separately to obtain more accurate prediction results.The degree improvement and decline are used to reflect the correction ability of the optimization method.The results show that the accuracy and stability of combined prediction are the best in the prediction methods,and the correction ability of error elimination optimization is the best in the optimization methods.The combination of the two methods can well solve the problem of prediction with small samples and under-sufficient information.Finally,the accuracy of the combination of the combined prediction and the error elimination optimization is verified by predicting the number of unsafe events in civil aviation in a certain year.展开更多
Memristors have emerged as a transformative technology in the realm of electronic devices,offering unique advantages such as fast switching speeds,low power consumption,and the ability to sensor-memory-compute.The app...Memristors have emerged as a transformative technology in the realm of electronic devices,offering unique advantages such as fast switching speeds,low power consumption,and the ability to sensor-memory-compute.The applications span across non-volatile memory,neuromorphic computing,hardware security,and beyond,prompting memristors to become a versatile solution for next-generation computing and data storage systems.Despite enormous potential of memristors,the transition from laboratory prototypes to large-scale applications is challenging in terms of material stability,device reproducibility,and array scalability.This review systematically explores recent advancements in high-performance memristor technologies,focusing on performance enhancement strategies through material engineering,structural design,pulse protocol optimization,and algorithm control.We provide an in-depth analysis of key performance metrics tailored to specific applications,including non-volatile memory,neuromorphic computing,and hardware security.Furthermore,we propose a co-design framework that integrates device-level optimizations with operational-level improvements,aiming to bridge the gap between theoretical models and practical implementations.展开更多
Deep coal mining rock support structures using rock bolts face complex geological conditions such as high ground temperatures and groundwater.Rock mass deformation and failure caused by bolt failure frequently occur,m...Deep coal mining rock support structures using rock bolts face complex geological conditions such as high ground temperatures and groundwater.Rock mass deformation and failure caused by bolt failure frequently occur,making it crucial to enhance the anchoring performance of rock bolts.First,the stress state of the anchor rod under axial loading across five stages of any anchored segment is analyzed.The shear stress patterns at the anchoring interface during different stages are elucidated.A refined mechanical model of the anchoring interface incorporating surface rib parameters is established.A failure criterion for the anchoring interface under the influence of ground temperature or groundwater is derived and validated.Second,the influence of anchor rib parameters on anchoring force is abalyzed,and in-situ shear tests are conducted.Results indicate that increasing the rib angle and optimizing rib spacing can enhance anchoring force.To minimize the shear component of axial force at the anchor interface,the rib angle of the anchor bolt should not be less than 70°.When the anchor grout possesses high inherent strength,the spacing between ribs on the anchor bolt surface may be increased(to 24 mm or greater).Finally,methods for enhancing the anchoring performance of bolts in deep complex strata are proposed,providing technical references for the safe and efficient support of tunnel rock masses in similar geological conditions.展开更多
This study develops an optimized integrated system for full-capacity hot water supply in hotels by combining solar thermal energy and air-source heat pumps.Using a hotel in Wuhan as a case study,a four-season×fou...This study develops an optimized integrated system for full-capacity hot water supply in hotels by combining solar thermal energy and air-source heat pumps.Using a hotel in Wuhan as a case study,a four-season×four-occupancy multidimensional working-condition matrix was established.Dynamic simulation and multi-objective optimization were performed on TRNSYS-TRNOPT,with the cost-benefit ratio(CBR)as the core evaluation metric.Key parameters—including collector area,tilt and azimuth angles,heat pump capacity,and storage tank volume—were jointly optimized.Model calibration against measured data yielded a deviation of less than 8%.The results demonstrate that the optimized system can achieve 60.8%energy savings and reduce annual carbon emissions by 132.8 t.The best-performing case(Case 1-1)achieved a payback period of 4.1 years,presenting a feasible pathway for decarbonizing buildings with high hot water demand.This research confirms the technical and economic viability of solar–heat pump systems for hotel applications,providing strong support for the achievement of China’s“Dual Carbon”targets in public buildings.展开更多
With the continuous development of nuclear energy development,medical treatment and aerospace,radiation protection materials are developing towards light weight,high efficiency and high stability.In the past,tradition...With the continuous development of nuclear energy development,medical treatment and aerospace,radiation protection materials are developing towards light weight,high efficiency and high stability.In the past,traditional protective materials have been difficult to adapt to the needs of complex working conditions.Based on the application of nano-technology radiation protection materials,this paper discusses the preparation technology and engineering regulation of nano-radiation protection materials,and explores the optimization path of the performance of radiation protection materials based on nano-technology,which provides a reference for R&D and application of high-performance nano-radiation protection materials.展开更多
The development of high-performance structural and functional materials is vital in many industrial fields.High-and medium-entropy alloys(H/MEAs)with superior comprehensive properties owing to their specific microstru...The development of high-performance structural and functional materials is vital in many industrial fields.High-and medium-entropy alloys(H/MEAs)with superior comprehensive properties owing to their specific microstructures are promising candidates for structural materials.More importantly,multitudinous efforts have been made to regulate the microstructures and the properties of H/MEAs to further expand their industrial applications.The various heterostructures have enormous potential for the development of H/MEAs with outstanding performance.Herein,multiple heterogeneous structures with single and hierarchical heterogeneities were discussed in detail.Moreover,preparation methods for compositional inhomogeneity,bimodal structures,dualphase structures,lamella/layered structures,harmonic structures(core-shell),multiscale precipitates and heterostructures coupled with specific microstructures in H/MEAs were also systematically reviewed.The deformation mechanisms induced by the different heterostructures were thoroughly discussed to explore the relationship between the heterostructures and the optimized properties of H/MEAs.The contributions of the heterostructures and advanced microstructures to the H/MEAs were comprehensively elucidated to further improve the properties of the alloys.Finally,this review discussed the future challenges of high-performance H/MEAs for industrial applications and provides feasible methods for optimizing heterostructures to enhance the comprehensive properties of H/MEAs.展开更多
In this work,an oscillating-body wave energy converter(OBWEC)with a hydraulic power take-off(PTO)system named“Dolphin 1”is designed,in which the hydraulic PTO system is equivalent to a transfer station and plays a c...In this work,an oscillating-body wave energy converter(OBWEC)with a hydraulic power take-off(PTO)system named“Dolphin 1”is designed,in which the hydraulic PTO system is equivalent to a transfer station and plays a crucial role in ensuring the stability of the electrical energy output and the efficiency of the overall system.A corresponding mathematical model for the hydraulic PTO system has been established,the factors that influence its performance have been studied,and an algorithm for solving the optimal working pressure has been derived in this paper.Moreover,a PID control method to enable the hydraulic PTO system to automatically achieve optimal performance under different wave conditions has been designed.The results indicate that,compared with single-chamber hydraulic cylinders,double-chamber hydraulic cylinders have a wider application range and greater performance;the accumulator can stabilize the output power of the hydraulic PTO system and slightly increase it;excessively large or small hydraulic motor displacement hinders system performance;and each wave condition corresponds to a unique optimal working pressure for the hydraulic PTO system.In addition,the relationship between the optimal working pressure Pmand the pressure Phof the wave force acting on the piston satisfies Pm2=∫t_(1)t2Ph2dt/(t2-t1).Furthermore,adjusting the hydraulic motor displacement automatically via a PID controller ensures that the actual working pressure of the hydraulic PTO system consistently reaches or approaches its theoretically optimal value under various wave conditions,which is a very effective control method for enhancing the performance of the hydraulic PTO system.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter is concerned with the problem of stable high-quality signal transmission of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-assisted multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)communication system.The particle swarm opt...Dear Editor,This letter is concerned with the problem of stable high-quality signal transmission of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-assisted multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)communication system.The particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm is used to achieve optimal beamforming and power allocation for this system.Additionally,sensitive particle(SP)and parameter adaptive adjustment are introduced into the traditional PSO algorithm,aiming to improve the performance of the PSO algorithm in dynamic environments with real-time changes in the UAV position.A reinforcement learning(RL)-based approach is proposed to obtain optimal UAV trajectory and adaptive adjustment strategy for PSO parameters,which combine with a specific obstacle avoidance scheme to achieve accurate UAV navigation while satisfying high-quality signal transmission.Simulation experiments show that our scheme provides higher and more stable spectral efficiency as well as more efficient UAV navigation than the currently commonly used scheme with a single RL approach.展开更多
Despite its abundance and technological maturity,coal imposes severe environmental and geological impacts during traditional extraction and use,including land subsidence,waste generation,and large CO2emissions that...Despite its abundance and technological maturity,coal imposes severe environmental and geological impacts during traditional extraction and use,including land subsidence,waste generation,and large CO2emissions that challenge sustainable development.Carbon-fixing backfill technology,integrating mineral carbonation with cemented gangue backfill,offers a promising pathway to emission reduction,carbon fixation,ecological restoration,and hazard mitigation.However,the mechanical performance and geological compatibility of carbon-fixing backfill,along with the carbon fixation capacity of the cementitious system have been overlooked,limiting practical implementation and development.Given its resource endowment,China relies on coal as its primary energy source and has set dual-carbon targets to ensure both energy security and emission reduction.As one of the world's largest CO2emitters,the country faces substantial pressure to curb carbon emissions.We propose an in-situ conversion mining and carbon-fixing backfill approach,enabled by an intelligent unmanned mining machine,to achieve simultaneous CO2sequestration and large-scale disposal of coal-derived solid waste.Tailored formulations for varying gangue contents deliver tunable compressive strength(1.2-24.1 MPa),adequate fluidity,and net-negative carbon emissions of up to 145 kg CO2.Life-cycle assessment and national scenario modeling show a sequestration potential of 133-315 Mt CO2/yr and utilization of 191 Mt waste/yr.By targeting the core mining regions,this framework delivers a viable solution for low-carbon resource conversion,directly addressing the dual challenges of carbon mitigation and waste disposal.展开更多
The multi-stability of non-rigid origami-based structures,such as Kresling origami structures,has shown great potential for creating deployable and adaptable engineering systems.This study explores the design and opti...The multi-stability of non-rigid origami-based structures,such as Kresling origami structures,has shown great potential for creating deployable and adaptable engineering systems.This study explores the design and optimization of a deployable,bistable origami structure using a modified Kresling crease pattern.By introducing truncations between layers,the traditional Kresling design is adapted into a multi-layer deployable structure with integral bistability.A parametric model of the modified structure was developed,enabling visualization and optimization of design parameters.Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II(NSGA-II)was applied to optimize the folding ratio and energy barrier,identifying configurations that were compact when folded and easier to deploy.Numerical simulations validated the bistable behavior,confirming structural stability after folding and deploying.Scaled models were tested for deployability through inflation and load-bearing capacity under puncture conditions to verify practical functionality.The results demonstrate the structure’s robust bistability and its ability to withstand internal pressure variations.These findings suggest that the modified Kresling origami structure is promising for applications in inflatable-deployable space capsules and habitats.展开更多
Polymer materials have emerged as essential components in flexible electronic devices due to their unique combination of electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and chemical stability.The integration of polymer...Polymer materials have emerged as essential components in flexible electronic devices due to their unique combination of electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and chemical stability.The integration of polymer-based materials in flexible electronics has enabled advancements in displays,wearable sensors,organic transistors,and energy storage devices.However,challenges such as low charge carrier mobility,environmental degradation,and mechanical durability remain significant obstacles to widespread adoption.This paper explores the diverse applications of polymer materials in flexible electronics,highlighting their roles in flexible displays,wearable electronics,sensors,transistors,and energy storage systems.Furthermore,it discusses various performance optimization strategies,including molecular design,doping,interface engineering,and mechanical enhancement.Additionally,advanced fabrication techniques such as solution processing,nanostructuring,and roll-to-roll manufacturing are examined for their potential in enabling large-scale production.By addressing these critical aspects,this study provides insights into the future directions of polymer-based flexible electronics,emphasizing material innovations and processing advancements that will drive the next generation of highly adaptable,durable,and efficient electronic devices.展开更多
The goal of the present work is to demonstrate the potential of Artificial Neural Network(ANN)-driven Genetic Algorithm(GA)methods for energy efficiency and economic performance optimization of energy efficiency measu...The goal of the present work is to demonstrate the potential of Artificial Neural Network(ANN)-driven Genetic Algorithm(GA)methods for energy efficiency and economic performance optimization of energy efficiency measures in a multi-family house building in Greece.The energy efficiency measures include different heating/cooling systems(such as low-temperature and high-temperature heat pumps,natural gas boilers,split units),building envelope components for floor,walls,roof and windows of variable heat transfer coefficients,the installation of solar thermal collectors and PVs.The calculations of the building loads and investment and operating and maintenance costs of the measures are based on the methodology defined in Directive 2010/31/EU,while economic assumptions are based on EN 15459-1 standard.Typically,multi-objective optimization of energy efficiency measures often requires the simulation of very large numbers of cases involving numerous possible combinations,resulting in intense computational load.The results of the study indicate that ANN-driven GA methods can be used as an alternative,valuable tool for reliably predicting the optimal measures which minimize primary energy consumption and life cycle cost of the building with greatly reduced computational requirements.Through GA methods,the computational time needed for obtaining the optimal solutions is reduced by 96.4%-96.8%.展开更多
Selective laser melting (SLM), as a rapid prototyping technology, has been widely used to manufacture high-performance metal components with complex structures, which vitally provides a broad platform for the developm...Selective laser melting (SLM), as a rapid prototyping technology, has been widely used to manufacture high-performance metal components with complex structures, which vitally provides a broad platform for the development and application of magnesium alloys. However, the poor laser formability of magnesium alloys has deleterious consequences in the application of SLM processing. This paper discusses the defect formation mechanisms during the SLM process and summarizes characteristics in terms of mechanical properties, oxidation and corrosion resistance. Current optimization schemes are reviewed from both macro and micro perspectives. Firstly, the relationship between process parameters and formability and material properties is clarified, and advanced optimization methods of the design of experiments, physical models, and machine learning are evaluated. Secondly, the effects of alloying elements, composite reinforcement, and post-treatment on the microstructure and properties of the SLMed magnesium alloy are reviewed. Finally, the future application development prospects are envisaged based on the comprehensive review. This work is significantly helpful to a better scientific understanding of SLMed magnesium alloy and puts forward some meaningful guiding opinions for the future work of magnesium alloy manufacturing.展开更多
It is well-known that optimizing the wheel system of lunar rovers is essential.However,this is a difficult task due to the complex terrain of the moon and limited resources onboard lunar rovers.In this study,an experi...It is well-known that optimizing the wheel system of lunar rovers is essential.However,this is a difficult task due to the complex terrain of the moon and limited resources onboard lunar rovers.In this study,an experimental prototype was set up to analyze the existing mechanical design of a lunar rover and improve its performance.First,a new vane-telescopic walking wheel was proposed for the lunar rover with a positive and negative quadrangle suspension,considering the complex terrain of the moon.Next,the performance was optimized under the limitations of preserving the slope passage and minimizing power consumption.This was achieved via analysis of the wheel force during movement.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated by several simulation experiments.The newly designed wheel can protrude on demand and reduce energy consumption;it can be used as a reference for lunar rover development engineering in China.展开更多
In the design of the motor used for electric vehicles(EVS),vibration and noise problems are often ignored,which reduce the reliability and service life of the motor.In this paper,an interior permanent magnet synchrono...In the design of the motor used for electric vehicles(EVS),vibration and noise problems are often ignored,which reduce the reliability and service life of the motor.In this paper,an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor(IPMSM)with high power density is taken as an example,and its electromagnetic vibration and noise problem is investigated and optimized.Firstly,the factors that generate the electromagnetic force harmonic of IPMSM are analyzed by theoretical derivation.Furthermore,the mode and electromagnetic harmonic distribution of the motor are calculated and analyzed by establishing the electromagnetic-structure-sound coupling simulation model.Then,by combining finite element method(FEM)with modern optimization algorithm,an electromagnetic vibration and noise performance optimization method is proposed in the electromagnetic design stage of the motor.Finally,an IPMSM is optimized by this method for electromagnetic vibration and noise performance.The results of comparison between before and after optimization prove the feasibility of the method.展开更多
This paper presents a method for solving the attitude control problem of high altitude airship (HAA) with aerodynamic fin and vectored thruster control. The algorithm is based on the synthetic optimization of dynamic ...This paper presents a method for solving the attitude control problem of high altitude airship (HAA) with aerodynamic fin and vectored thruster control. The algorithm is based on the synthetic optimization of dynamic performance and energy consumption of airship. Firstly, according to the system overall configuration, the dynamic model of HAA was established and the HAA linearized model of longitudinal plane motion was obtained. Secondly, using the classic PID control theory, the HAA attitude control system was designed. Thirdly, through analyzing the dynamic performance of airship with fin or vectored thruster control, the synthetic performance index function with different weighting functions was determined. By means of optimizing the obtained performance index function, the attitude control of high altitude airship with good dynamic performance and low energy consumption was achieved. Finally, attitude control allocation strategy was designed for the airship station keeping at an altitude of 22 km. The simulation experiment proved the validity of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
With the increasing complexity of the current electromagnetic environment,excessive microwave radi-ation not only does harm to human health but also forms various electromagnetic interference to so-phisticated electro...With the increasing complexity of the current electromagnetic environment,excessive microwave radi-ation not only does harm to human health but also forms various electromagnetic interference to so-phisticated electronic instruments.Therefore,the design and preparation of electromagnetic absorbing composites represent an efficient approach to mitigate the current hazards of electromagnetic radiation.However,traditional electromagnetic absorbers are difficult to satisfy the demands of actual utilization in the face of new challenges,and emerging absorbents have garnered increasing attention due to their structure and performance-based advantages.In this review,several emerging composites of Mxene-based,biochar-based,chiral,and heat-resisting are discussed in detail,including their synthetic strategy,structural superiority and regulation method,and final optimization of electromagnetic absorption ca-pacity.These insights provide a comprehensive reference for the future development of new-generation electromagnetic-wave absorption composites.Moreover,the potential development directions of these emerging absorbers have been proposed as well.展开更多
This paper studies the problems of H-infinity performance optimization and controller design for continuous-time NCSs with both sensor-to-controller and controller-to-actuator communication constraints (limited commu...This paper studies the problems of H-infinity performance optimization and controller design for continuous-time NCSs with both sensor-to-controller and controller-to-actuator communication constraints (limited communication channels). By taking the derivative character of network-induced delay into full consideration and defining new Lyapunov functions, linear matrix inequalities (LMIs)-based H-infinity performance optimization and controller design are presented for NCSs with limited communication channels. If there do not exist any constraints on the communication channels, the proposed design methods are also applicable. The merit of the proposed methods lies in their Jess conservativeness, which is achieved by avoiding the utilization of bounding inequalities for cross products of vectors. The simulation results illustrate the merit and effectiveness of the proposed H-infinity controller design for NCSs with limited communication channels.展开更多
The Global-Regional Integrated forecast System(GRIST)is the next-generation weather and climate integrated model dynamic framework developed by Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences.In this paper,we present sever...The Global-Regional Integrated forecast System(GRIST)is the next-generation weather and climate integrated model dynamic framework developed by Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences.In this paper,we present several changes made to the global nonhydrostatic dynamical(GND)core,which is part of the ongoing prototype of GRIST.The changes leveraging MPI and PnetCDF techniques were targeted at the parallelization and performance optimization to the original serial GND core.Meanwhile,some sophisticated data structures and interfaces were designed to adjust flexibly the size of boundary and halo domains according to the variable accuracy in parallel context.In addition,the I/O performance of PnetCDF decreases as the number of MPI processes increases in our experimental environment.Especially when the number exceeds 6000,it caused system-wide outages(SWO).Thus,a grouping solution was proposed to overcome that issue.Several experiments were carried out on the supercomputing platform based on Intel x86 CPUs in the National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi.The results demonstrated that the parallel GND core based on grouping solution achieves good strong scalability and improves the performance significantly,as well as avoiding the SWOs.展开更多
摘要We consider a quantum endoreversible Otto engine cycle and its inverse operation-Otto refrigeration cycle,employing two-level systems as the working substance and operating in dual-squeezed reservoirs.We demonstrate that the efficiency of heat engines at maximum work output and the coefficient of performance for refrigerators at the maximum c criterion will degenerate toη-=ηC/(2-ηC)andε-=(√9+8εC-3)/2 when symmetric squeezing is satisfied,respectively.We also investigated the influences of squeezing degree on the performance optimization of quantum Otto heat engines at the maximum work output and refrigerators at the maximum X criterion.These analytical results show that the efficiency of heat engines at maximum work output and the coefficient of performance for refrigerators at the maximum X criterion can be improved,reduced or even inhibited in asymmetric squeezing.Furthermore,we also find that the efficiency of quantum Otto heat engines at maximum work output is lower than that obtained from the Otto heat engines based on a single harmonic oscillator system.However,the coefficient of performance of the corresponding refrigerator is higher.
基金This work was supported by the Scientific Research Projects of Tianjin Educational Committee(No.2020KJ029)。
摘要The prediction process often runs with small samples and under-sufficient information.To target this problem,we propose a performance comparison study that combines prediction and optimization algorithms based on experimental data analysis.Through a large number of prediction and optimization experiments,the accuracy and stability of the prediction method and the correction ability of the optimization method are studied.First,five traditional single-item prediction methods are used to process small samples with under-sufficient information,and the standard deviation method is used to assign weights on the five methods for combined forecasting.The accuracy of the prediction results is ranked.The mean and variance of the rankings reflect the accuracy and stability of the prediction method.Second,the error elimination prediction optimization method is proposed.To make,the prediction results are corrected by error elimination optimization method(EEOM),Markov optimization and two-layer optimization separately to obtain more accurate prediction results.The degree improvement and decline are used to reflect the correction ability of the optimization method.The results show that the accuracy and stability of combined prediction are the best in the prediction methods,and the correction ability of error elimination optimization is the best in the optimization methods.The combination of the two methods can well solve the problem of prediction with small samples and under-sufficient information.Finally,the accuracy of the combination of the combined prediction and the error elimination optimization is verified by predicting the number of unsafe events in civil aviation in a certain year.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Project from the Minister of Science and Technology(2024YFA1211500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62304130,62405158 and 62574123)+1 种基金the Shanghai youth science and technology star project(24QA2702800)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chips and Systems for Intelligent Connected Vehicle。
摘要Memristors have emerged as a transformative technology in the realm of electronic devices,offering unique advantages such as fast switching speeds,low power consumption,and the ability to sensor-memory-compute.The applications span across non-volatile memory,neuromorphic computing,hardware security,and beyond,prompting memristors to become a versatile solution for next-generation computing and data storage systems.Despite enormous potential of memristors,the transition from laboratory prototypes to large-scale applications is challenging in terms of material stability,device reproducibility,and array scalability.This review systematically explores recent advancements in high-performance memristor technologies,focusing on performance enhancement strategies through material engineering,structural design,pulse protocol optimization,and algorithm control.We provide an in-depth analysis of key performance metrics tailored to specific applications,including non-volatile memory,neuromorphic computing,and hardware security.Furthermore,we propose a co-design framework that integrates device-level optimizations with operational-level improvements,aiming to bridge the gap between theoretical models and practical implementations.
基金The Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Educational Committee(No.2022AH050814)Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment(East China Universityof Technology)(No.2022NRE07)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51964002,52174104)Open Fund of Engineering Research Center of Underground Mine Construction of Ministry of Education(No.JYBGCZX2022105).
摘要Deep coal mining rock support structures using rock bolts face complex geological conditions such as high ground temperatures and groundwater.Rock mass deformation and failure caused by bolt failure frequently occur,making it crucial to enhance the anchoring performance of rock bolts.First,the stress state of the anchor rod under axial loading across five stages of any anchored segment is analyzed.The shear stress patterns at the anchoring interface during different stages are elucidated.A refined mechanical model of the anchoring interface incorporating surface rib parameters is established.A failure criterion for the anchoring interface under the influence of ground temperature or groundwater is derived and validated.Second,the influence of anchor rib parameters on anchoring force is abalyzed,and in-situ shear tests are conducted.Results indicate that increasing the rib angle and optimizing rib spacing can enhance anchoring force.To minimize the shear component of axial force at the anchor interface,the rib angle of the anchor bolt should not be less than 70°.When the anchor grout possesses high inherent strength,the spacing between ribs on the anchor bolt surface may be increased(to 24 mm or greater).Finally,methods for enhancing the anchoring performance of bolts in deep complex strata are proposed,providing technical references for the safe and efficient support of tunnel rock masses in similar geological conditions.
摘要This study develops an optimized integrated system for full-capacity hot water supply in hotels by combining solar thermal energy and air-source heat pumps.Using a hotel in Wuhan as a case study,a four-season×four-occupancy multidimensional working-condition matrix was established.Dynamic simulation and multi-objective optimization were performed on TRNSYS-TRNOPT,with the cost-benefit ratio(CBR)as the core evaluation metric.Key parameters—including collector area,tilt and azimuth angles,heat pump capacity,and storage tank volume—were jointly optimized.Model calibration against measured data yielded a deviation of less than 8%.The results demonstrate that the optimized system can achieve 60.8%energy savings and reduce annual carbon emissions by 132.8 t.The best-performing case(Case 1-1)achieved a payback period of 4.1 years,presenting a feasible pathway for decarbonizing buildings with high hot water demand.This research confirms the technical and economic viability of solar–heat pump systems for hotel applications,providing strong support for the achievement of China’s“Dual Carbon”targets in public buildings.
摘要With the continuous development of nuclear energy development,medical treatment and aerospace,radiation protection materials are developing towards light weight,high efficiency and high stability.In the past,traditional protective materials have been difficult to adapt to the needs of complex working conditions.Based on the application of nano-technology radiation protection materials,this paper discusses the preparation technology and engineering regulation of nano-radiation protection materials,and explores the optimization path of the performance of radiation protection materials based on nano-technology,which provides a reference for R&D and application of high-performance nano-radiation protection materials.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52261032,51861021,51661016)Science and Technology Plan of Gansu Province(21YF5GA074)+2 种基金Public Welfare Project of Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation(LGG22E010008)Wenzhou Basic Public Welfare Scientific Research Project(G2023020)Incubation Program of Excellent Doctoral Dissertation-Lanzhou University of Technology。
摘要The development of high-performance structural and functional materials is vital in many industrial fields.High-and medium-entropy alloys(H/MEAs)with superior comprehensive properties owing to their specific microstructures are promising candidates for structural materials.More importantly,multitudinous efforts have been made to regulate the microstructures and the properties of H/MEAs to further expand their industrial applications.The various heterostructures have enormous potential for the development of H/MEAs with outstanding performance.Herein,multiple heterogeneous structures with single and hierarchical heterogeneities were discussed in detail.Moreover,preparation methods for compositional inhomogeneity,bimodal structures,dualphase structures,lamella/layered structures,harmonic structures(core-shell),multiscale precipitates and heterostructures coupled with specific microstructures in H/MEAs were also systematically reviewed.The deformation mechanisms induced by the different heterostructures were thoroughly discussed to explore the relationship between the heterostructures and the optimized properties of H/MEAs.The contributions of the heterostructures and advanced microstructures to the H/MEAs were comprehensively elucidated to further improve the properties of the alloys.Finally,this review discussed the future challenges of high-performance H/MEAs for industrial applications and provides feasible methods for optimizing heterostructures to enhance the comprehensive properties of H/MEAs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52071094 and 51979065).
摘要In this work,an oscillating-body wave energy converter(OBWEC)with a hydraulic power take-off(PTO)system named“Dolphin 1”is designed,in which the hydraulic PTO system is equivalent to a transfer station and plays a crucial role in ensuring the stability of the electrical energy output and the efficiency of the overall system.A corresponding mathematical model for the hydraulic PTO system has been established,the factors that influence its performance have been studied,and an algorithm for solving the optimal working pressure has been derived in this paper.Moreover,a PID control method to enable the hydraulic PTO system to automatically achieve optimal performance under different wave conditions has been designed.The results indicate that,compared with single-chamber hydraulic cylinders,double-chamber hydraulic cylinders have a wider application range and greater performance;the accumulator can stabilize the output power of the hydraulic PTO system and slightly increase it;excessively large or small hydraulic motor displacement hinders system performance;and each wave condition corresponds to a unique optimal working pressure for the hydraulic PTO system.In addition,the relationship between the optimal working pressure Pmand the pressure Phof the wave force acting on the piston satisfies Pm2=∫t_(1)t2Ph2dt/(t2-t1).Furthermore,adjusting the hydraulic motor displacement automatically via a PID controller ensures that the actual working pressure of the hydraulic PTO system consistently reaches or approaches its theoretically optimal value under various wave conditions,which is a very effective control method for enhancing the performance of the hydraulic PTO system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62173251,62203113the“Zhishan”Scholars Programs of Southeast University,and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242023K30034).
摘要Dear Editor,This letter is concerned with the problem of stable high-quality signal transmission of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-assisted multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)communication system.The particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm is used to achieve optimal beamforming and power allocation for this system.Additionally,sensitive particle(SP)and parameter adaptive adjustment are introduced into the traditional PSO algorithm,aiming to improve the performance of the PSO algorithm in dynamic environments with real-time changes in the UAV position.A reinforcement learning(RL)-based approach is proposed to obtain optimal UAV trajectory and adaptive adjustment strategy for PSO parameters,which combine with a specific obstacle avoidance scheme to achieve accurate UAV navigation while satisfying high-quality signal transmission.Simulation experiments show that our scheme provides higher and more stable spectral efficiency as well as more efficient UAV navigation than the currently commonly used scheme with a single RL approach.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52121003)National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2024ZD1003902)。
摘要Despite its abundance and technological maturity,coal imposes severe environmental and geological impacts during traditional extraction and use,including land subsidence,waste generation,and large CO2emissions that challenge sustainable development.Carbon-fixing backfill technology,integrating mineral carbonation with cemented gangue backfill,offers a promising pathway to emission reduction,carbon fixation,ecological restoration,and hazard mitigation.However,the mechanical performance and geological compatibility of carbon-fixing backfill,along with the carbon fixation capacity of the cementitious system have been overlooked,limiting practical implementation and development.Given its resource endowment,China relies on coal as its primary energy source and has set dual-carbon targets to ensure both energy security and emission reduction.As one of the world's largest CO2emitters,the country faces substantial pressure to curb carbon emissions.We propose an in-situ conversion mining and carbon-fixing backfill approach,enabled by an intelligent unmanned mining machine,to achieve simultaneous CO2sequestration and large-scale disposal of coal-derived solid waste.Tailored formulations for varying gangue contents deliver tunable compressive strength(1.2-24.1 MPa),adequate fluidity,and net-negative carbon emissions of up to 145 kg CO2.Life-cycle assessment and national scenario modeling show a sequestration potential of 133-315 Mt CO2/yr and utilization of 191 Mt waste/yr.By targeting the core mining regions,this framework delivers a viable solution for low-carbon resource conversion,directly addressing the dual challenges of carbon mitigation and waste disposal.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2023-2-YB-22)。
摘要The multi-stability of non-rigid origami-based structures,such as Kresling origami structures,has shown great potential for creating deployable and adaptable engineering systems.This study explores the design and optimization of a deployable,bistable origami structure using a modified Kresling crease pattern.By introducing truncations between layers,the traditional Kresling design is adapted into a multi-layer deployable structure with integral bistability.A parametric model of the modified structure was developed,enabling visualization and optimization of design parameters.Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II(NSGA-II)was applied to optimize the folding ratio and energy barrier,identifying configurations that were compact when folded and easier to deploy.Numerical simulations validated the bistable behavior,confirming structural stability after folding and deploying.Scaled models were tested for deployability through inflation and load-bearing capacity under puncture conditions to verify practical functionality.The results demonstrate the structure’s robust bistability and its ability to withstand internal pressure variations.These findings suggest that the modified Kresling origami structure is promising for applications in inflatable-deployable space capsules and habitats.
摘要Polymer materials have emerged as essential components in flexible electronic devices due to their unique combination of electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and chemical stability.The integration of polymer-based materials in flexible electronics has enabled advancements in displays,wearable sensors,organic transistors,and energy storage devices.However,challenges such as low charge carrier mobility,environmental degradation,and mechanical durability remain significant obstacles to widespread adoption.This paper explores the diverse applications of polymer materials in flexible electronics,highlighting their roles in flexible displays,wearable electronics,sensors,transistors,and energy storage systems.Furthermore,it discusses various performance optimization strategies,including molecular design,doping,interface engineering,and mechanical enhancement.Additionally,advanced fabrication techniques such as solution processing,nanostructuring,and roll-to-roll manufacturing are examined for their potential in enabling large-scale production.By addressing these critical aspects,this study provides insights into the future directions of polymer-based flexible electronics,emphasizing material innovations and processing advancements that will drive the next generation of highly adaptable,durable,and efficient electronic devices.
摘要The goal of the present work is to demonstrate the potential of Artificial Neural Network(ANN)-driven Genetic Algorithm(GA)methods for energy efficiency and economic performance optimization of energy efficiency measures in a multi-family house building in Greece.The energy efficiency measures include different heating/cooling systems(such as low-temperature and high-temperature heat pumps,natural gas boilers,split units),building envelope components for floor,walls,roof and windows of variable heat transfer coefficients,the installation of solar thermal collectors and PVs.The calculations of the building loads and investment and operating and maintenance costs of the measures are based on the methodology defined in Directive 2010/31/EU,while economic assumptions are based on EN 15459-1 standard.Typically,multi-objective optimization of energy efficiency measures often requires the simulation of very large numbers of cases involving numerous possible combinations,resulting in intense computational load.The results of the study indicate that ANN-driven GA methods can be used as an alternative,valuable tool for reliably predicting the optimal measures which minimize primary energy consumption and life cycle cost of the building with greatly reduced computational requirements.Through GA methods,the computational time needed for obtaining the optimal solutions is reduced by 96.4%-96.8%.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52201105 and 52101124)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China(No.2021CDJQY-024)+1 种基金the Research Project from Chongqing Key Laboratory of Metal Ad-ditive Manufacturing(3D Printing)in Chongqing University(No.02090011044158)the Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission(No.SKLMT-ZZKT-2022R03 andSKLMT-ZZKT-2022M12).
摘要Selective laser melting (SLM), as a rapid prototyping technology, has been widely used to manufacture high-performance metal components with complex structures, which vitally provides a broad platform for the development and application of magnesium alloys. However, the poor laser formability of magnesium alloys has deleterious consequences in the application of SLM processing. This paper discusses the defect formation mechanisms during the SLM process and summarizes characteristics in terms of mechanical properties, oxidation and corrosion resistance. Current optimization schemes are reviewed from both macro and micro perspectives. Firstly, the relationship between process parameters and formability and material properties is clarified, and advanced optimization methods of the design of experiments, physical models, and machine learning are evaluated. Secondly, the effects of alloying elements, composite reinforcement, and post-treatment on the microstructure and properties of the SLMed magnesium alloy are reviewed. Finally, the future application development prospects are envisaged based on the comprehensive review. This work is significantly helpful to a better scientific understanding of SLMed magnesium alloy and puts forward some meaningful guiding opinions for the future work of magnesium alloy manufacturing.
摘要It is well-known that optimizing the wheel system of lunar rovers is essential.However,this is a difficult task due to the complex terrain of the moon and limited resources onboard lunar rovers.In this study,an experimental prototype was set up to analyze the existing mechanical design of a lunar rover and improve its performance.First,a new vane-telescopic walking wheel was proposed for the lunar rover with a positive and negative quadrangle suspension,considering the complex terrain of the moon.Next,the performance was optimized under the limitations of preserving the slope passage and minimizing power consumption.This was achieved via analysis of the wheel force during movement.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated by several simulation experiments.The newly designed wheel can protrude on demand and reduce energy consumption;it can be used as a reference for lunar rover development engineering in China.
基金This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2019YJS181).
摘要In the design of the motor used for electric vehicles(EVS),vibration and noise problems are often ignored,which reduce the reliability and service life of the motor.In this paper,an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor(IPMSM)with high power density is taken as an example,and its electromagnetic vibration and noise problem is investigated and optimized.Firstly,the factors that generate the electromagnetic force harmonic of IPMSM are analyzed by theoretical derivation.Furthermore,the mode and electromagnetic harmonic distribution of the motor are calculated and analyzed by establishing the electromagnetic-structure-sound coupling simulation model.Then,by combining finite element method(FEM)with modern optimization algorithm,an electromagnetic vibration and noise performance optimization method is proposed in the electromagnetic design stage of the motor.Finally,an IPMSM is optimized by this method for electromagnetic vibration and noise performance.The results of comparison between before and after optimization prove the feasibility of the method.
摘要This paper presents a method for solving the attitude control problem of high altitude airship (HAA) with aerodynamic fin and vectored thruster control. The algorithm is based on the synthetic optimization of dynamic performance and energy consumption of airship. Firstly, according to the system overall configuration, the dynamic model of HAA was established and the HAA linearized model of longitudinal plane motion was obtained. Secondly, using the classic PID control theory, the HAA attitude control system was designed. Thirdly, through analyzing the dynamic performance of airship with fin or vectored thruster control, the synthetic performance index function with different weighting functions was determined. By means of optimizing the obtained performance index function, the attitude control of high altitude airship with good dynamic performance and low energy consumption was achieved. Finally, attitude control allocation strategy was designed for the airship station keeping at an altitude of 22 km. The simulation experiment proved the validity of the proposed algorithm.
基金supported by the Surface Project of Local De-velopment in Science and Technology Guided by Central Govern-ment(No.2021ZYD0041)the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(Nos.52377026 and 52301192)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2019YQ24)the Taishan Scholars and Young Experts Program of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202103057)the Special Financial of Shandong Province(Struc-tural Design of High-efficiency Electromagnetic Wave-absorbing Composite Materials and Construction of Shandong Provincial Tal-ent Teams)the“Sanqin Scholars”Innovation Teams Project of Shaanxi Province(Clean Energy Materials and High-Performance Devices Innovation Team of Shaanxi Dongling Smelting Co.,Ltd.).
摘要With the increasing complexity of the current electromagnetic environment,excessive microwave radi-ation not only does harm to human health but also forms various electromagnetic interference to so-phisticated electronic instruments.Therefore,the design and preparation of electromagnetic absorbing composites represent an efficient approach to mitigate the current hazards of electromagnetic radiation.However,traditional electromagnetic absorbers are difficult to satisfy the demands of actual utilization in the face of new challenges,and emerging absorbents have garnered increasing attention due to their structure and performance-based advantages.In this review,several emerging composites of Mxene-based,biochar-based,chiral,and heat-resisting are discussed in detail,including their synthetic strategy,structural superiority and regulation method,and final optimization of electromagnetic absorption ca-pacity.These insights provide a comprehensive reference for the future development of new-generation electromagnetic-wave absorption composites.Moreover,the potential development directions of these emerging absorbers have been proposed as well.
基金supported by the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China(No.60821063)the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(No.60534010)+3 种基金the National 973 Program of China(No.2009CB320604)the Funds of National Science of China(No.60674021,60804024)the 111 Project(No.B08015)the Funds of PhD program of MOE,China(No.20060145019)
摘要This paper studies the problems of H-infinity performance optimization and controller design for continuous-time NCSs with both sensor-to-controller and controller-to-actuator communication constraints (limited communication channels). By taking the derivative character of network-induced delay into full consideration and defining new Lyapunov functions, linear matrix inequalities (LMIs)-based H-infinity performance optimization and controller design are presented for NCSs with limited communication channels. If there do not exist any constraints on the communication channels, the proposed design methods are also applicable. The merit of the proposed methods lies in their Jess conservativeness, which is achieved by avoiding the utilization of bounding inequalities for cross products of vectors. The simulation results illustrate the merit and effectiveness of the proposed H-infinity controller design for NCSs with limited communication channels.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2017YFC1502203.
摘要The Global-Regional Integrated forecast System(GRIST)is the next-generation weather and climate integrated model dynamic framework developed by Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences.In this paper,we present several changes made to the global nonhydrostatic dynamical(GND)core,which is part of the ongoing prototype of GRIST.The changes leveraging MPI and PnetCDF techniques were targeted at the parallelization and performance optimization to the original serial GND core.Meanwhile,some sophisticated data structures and interfaces were designed to adjust flexibly the size of boundary and halo domains according to the variable accuracy in parallel context.In addition,the I/O performance of PnetCDF decreases as the number of MPI processes increases in our experimental environment.Especially when the number exceeds 6000,it caused system-wide outages(SWO).Thus,a grouping solution was proposed to overcome that issue.Several experiments were carried out on the supercomputing platform based on Intel x86 CPUs in the National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi.The results demonstrated that the parallel GND core based on grouping solution achieves good strong scalability and improves the performance significantly,as well as avoiding the SWOs.