Platinum, palladium and rhodium of the raw feeds extracted and separated with a new sulfoxide extractant (MSO) were studied in the paper. The pilot test results showed that the percentage extractions are more than 9...Platinum, palladium and rhodium of the raw feeds extracted and separated with a new sulfoxide extractant (MSO) were studied in the paper. The pilot test results showed that the percentage extractions are more than 99% for platinum and palladium in Pt-Pd feed, and the percentage strippings are 100% and 99.2% with HCl and ammonia, respectively. The ratio of palladium to platinum is 0.0016 in stripping platinum solution, and the ratio of platinum to palladium is 0.0020 in stripping palladium solution. The percentage extraction of platinum is 99% in Pt-Rh feed, and the percentage stripping is 100%. The ratio of rhodium to platinum is 0.0002 in stripping platinum solution. Therefore, platinum, palladium, and rhodium feeds are separated effectively with MSO.展开更多
Due to the characteristics of reservoir formation,the producing level of low permeability reservoir is relatively very low.It is hard to obtain high recovery through conventional development schemes.Considering the ti...Due to the characteristics of reservoir formation,the producing level of low permeability reservoir is relatively very low.It is hard to obtain high recovery through conventional development schemes.Considering the tight matrix,complex fracture system,low production level of producers,and low recovery factor ofMblock in Xinjiang oilfield,it is selected for on-site pilot test of nitrogen foam flooding.Detailed flooding scheme is made and the test results are evaluated respectively both for producers and injectors.The pressure index,filling degree,and fluid injection profile are found to be all improved in injectors after injection of nitrogen foam.The oil production,water cut and liquid production file are also improved in most of the producers,with the natural decline rate in the test area become slow.Results show that nitrogen foam flooding technology can be good technical storage for enhanced oil recovery in low permeability reservoir.展开更多
The first pilot test of polyacrylamide microsphere alternate surfactant flood(PMAS)with mixtures of anionic-cationic surfactants(Sa/c)was carried out for a high-temperature,high-salinity,and highhardness sandstone res...The first pilot test of polyacrylamide microsphere alternate surfactant flood(PMAS)with mixtures of anionic-cationic surfactants(Sa/c)was carried out for a high-temperature,high-salinity,and highhardness sandstone reservoir to demonstrate the potential of this novel technique to improve oil recovery.A critical micelle concentration(CMC)of 4.82 mg/L,an ultralow interfacial tension(IFT)of 8104 mN/m,and a high oil solubilization of 22 were obtained.Static and dynamic adsorptions of Sa/c on natural core containing 15 wt%clay were reduced to about 2.20 and 0.30 mg/g-core,respectively,with the addition of adsorption inhibitor(AI).Since June 2014,the pilot test of PMAS was carried out in a Sinopec reservoir with a temperature of 87C,a salinity of 260,393 mg/L,and a hardness of 6,401 mg/L.Twelve cycles of alternative injection of 0.0125 PV Sa/c with a concentration of 0.1%and 0.0125 PV polyacrylamide microsphere with a concentration of 0.2%were conducted at an injection rate of 0.1 PV/yr,for a total of 0.3 PV chemical injection.As a result,the net daily oil production increased from 0 t to 6.5 t,and the water cut decreased from 96.3%to 93.8%,leading to an ultimate improved oil recovery of 6.3%original oil-in-place.展开更多
China has pledged to peak carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.Carbon capture and storage(CCS)will play a key role in these efforts.Over the past several years,the China Geolog...China has pledged to peak carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.Carbon capture and storage(CCS)will play a key role in these efforts.Over the past several years,the China Geological Survey(CGS)has completed the Suitability Evaluation Map of CO2Geological Storage in Main Sedimentary Basins in China and Adjacent Sea Regions in 2017.This map reflects the suitability of the first-and secondary-order tectonic units within sedimentary basins for cO2geological storage for CCS planning.The Junggar Basin is recognized as an important region for future CCS projects.Results from a mesoscale evaluation using the volume method indicate that deep saline aquifers represent the most significant resources for CO2storage,with potential ranging from 48×109to 164×109t(with a P50 value of 96×109t).The highest storage potential is identified in the central and northern parts of the basin,reaching up to 9.5×106t/km2at the P50 probability level.In contrast,the hinterland,eastern,and western parts of the basin generally exhibit storage potential of below 1.0×106t/km2at the same probability level.The CGs has also characterized historical CO2plume migration in reservoirs at the storage site of the Shenhua CCS demonstration project and conducted numerical simulations of CO2plume migration for periods of 10 and 20 years following the shutdown of the injection well.The CGS implemented a kiloton-scale pilot test on CO2-enhanced water recovery(CO2-EWR)in eastern Junggar,revealing that CO2flooding can improve the pressure for fluid production,with the highest ratio of CO2to produced fluids estimated at approximately 1.2.Besides,an observation field for natural CO2leakage,covering about 930 m2,was built in Qinghai Province.In natural CO2fields or at artificial CO2injection research sites,cO2leakage points are primarily related to the distribution of faults(especially fault crossing),which can serve as pathways for CO2leakage.The observation field provides a natural analog to wellbore failure and offers an opportunity to further monitor CO2geological storage sites.However,it has been inferred that borehole ZK10 at the observation field has become a leakage pathway due to the drilling activities,inadequate well-plugging,and abandonment procedures without considering CO2corrosion.展开更多
To maintain power grid stability under the increasing integration of renewable energy,the operational flexibility of thermal power plants is assuming growing significance.Flame stability and responsiveness on the comb...To maintain power grid stability under the increasing integration of renewable energy,the operational flexibility of thermal power plants is assuming growing significance.Flame stability and responsiveness on the combustion side under the extreme conditions of ultra-low loads and rapid load-change processes are the key to increasing the flexibility of thermal power plants.In this paper,a burner based on pre-gasification combustion technology is developed.The flexibility of the pre-gasification burner on a 5-MW pilot platform is investigated through simulation and performance verification.The results indicate that a single pre-gasification burner can maintain flame stability under a 9%load when burning bituminous coal,and a fuel load variation rate of 10%min-1 can be supported.The pre-gasification combustion has a faster stabilization rate compared with traditional combustion under coal flow and air flow disturbances.The application of pre-gasification burners in different classes of boiler is simulated,and the results indicate that the pre-gasification burner has the potential to improve the flexibility of industrial to full-scale coal-fired boilers.展开更多
The first in China pilot tests of fixed-bed methanol-topropylene unit were successfully implemented at the Yangzi Petrochemical Company(YPC).It is told that this technology has opened up a new process for production o...The first in China pilot tests of fixed-bed methanol-topropylene unit were successfully implemented at the Yangzi Petrochemical Company(YPC).It is told that this technology has opened up a new process for production of propylene through coal gasification,and China has possessed both the fluidized-bed methanolto-propylene process(F-MTP)and the展开更多
[ Objective] The study aims to discuss the feasibility of using a fixed biological bed to treat low-concentration organic waste gas. [ Method] A fixed biological bed was used to treat low-concentration organic waste g...[ Objective] The study aims to discuss the feasibility of using a fixed biological bed to treat low-concentration organic waste gas. [ Method] A fixed biological bed was used to treat low-concentration organic waste gas from a phosphate workshop, and then the waste gas treated was assessed by human sense of smell to determine the most economical empty bed contact time, thereby verifying the feasibility of using a fixed biolog- ical bed to treat low-concentration organic waste gas. [Result] When empty bed contact time was 60 s, the smell of the treated waste gas was acceptable, and COD value of recycled water in the fixed biological bed was essentially unchanged. It proved that organic load of the waste gas was consumed by microorganisms within 60 s. [ Conclusion] It is feasible to use a fixed biological bed to treat Iow-concantration organic waste gas from a phosphate workshop.展开更多
摘要Platinum, palladium and rhodium of the raw feeds extracted and separated with a new sulfoxide extractant (MSO) were studied in the paper. The pilot test results showed that the percentage extractions are more than 99% for platinum and palladium in Pt-Pd feed, and the percentage strippings are 100% and 99.2% with HCl and ammonia, respectively. The ratio of palladium to platinum is 0.0016 in stripping platinum solution, and the ratio of platinum to palladium is 0.0020 in stripping palladium solution. The percentage extraction of platinum is 99% in Pt-Rh feed, and the percentage stripping is 100%. The ratio of rhodium to platinum is 0.0002 in stripping platinum solution. Therefore, platinum, palladium, and rhodium feeds are separated effectively with MSO.
基金supported by the Prospective and Fundamental Project of CNPC“Study on the EOR Technology by Foam Flooding(2021DJ1603)”by Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery,CNPC(2022-KFKT-29).
摘要Due to the characteristics of reservoir formation,the producing level of low permeability reservoir is relatively very low.It is hard to obtain high recovery through conventional development schemes.Considering the tight matrix,complex fracture system,low production level of producers,and low recovery factor ofMblock in Xinjiang oilfield,it is selected for on-site pilot test of nitrogen foam flooding.Detailed flooding scheme is made and the test results are evaluated respectively both for producers and injectors.The pressure index,filling degree,and fluid injection profile are found to be all improved in injectors after injection of nitrogen foam.The oil production,water cut and liquid production file are also improved in most of the producers,with the natural decline rate in the test area become slow.Results show that nitrogen foam flooding technology can be good technical storage for enhanced oil recovery in low permeability reservoir.
摘要The first pilot test of polyacrylamide microsphere alternate surfactant flood(PMAS)with mixtures of anionic-cationic surfactants(Sa/c)was carried out for a high-temperature,high-salinity,and highhardness sandstone reservoir to demonstrate the potential of this novel technique to improve oil recovery.A critical micelle concentration(CMC)of 4.82 mg/L,an ultralow interfacial tension(IFT)of 8104 mN/m,and a high oil solubilization of 22 were obtained.Static and dynamic adsorptions of Sa/c on natural core containing 15 wt%clay were reduced to about 2.20 and 0.30 mg/g-core,respectively,with the addition of adsorption inhibitor(AI).Since June 2014,the pilot test of PMAS was carried out in a Sinopec reservoir with a temperature of 87C,a salinity of 260,393 mg/L,and a hardness of 6,401 mg/L.Twelve cycles of alternative injection of 0.0125 PV Sa/c with a concentration of 0.1%and 0.0125 PV polyacrylamide microsphere with a concentration of 0.2%were conducted at an injection rate of 0.1 PV/yr,for a total of 0.3 PV chemical injection.As a result,the net daily oil production increased from 0 t to 6.5 t,and the water cut decreased from 96.3%to 93.8%,leading to an ultimate improved oil recovery of 6.3%original oil-in-place.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42141013)China Geological Survey(DD20221818,DD20242513).
摘要China has pledged to peak carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.Carbon capture and storage(CCS)will play a key role in these efforts.Over the past several years,the China Geological Survey(CGS)has completed the Suitability Evaluation Map of CO2Geological Storage in Main Sedimentary Basins in China and Adjacent Sea Regions in 2017.This map reflects the suitability of the first-and secondary-order tectonic units within sedimentary basins for cO2geological storage for CCS planning.The Junggar Basin is recognized as an important region for future CCS projects.Results from a mesoscale evaluation using the volume method indicate that deep saline aquifers represent the most significant resources for CO2storage,with potential ranging from 48×109to 164×109t(with a P50 value of 96×109t).The highest storage potential is identified in the central and northern parts of the basin,reaching up to 9.5×106t/km2at the P50 probability level.In contrast,the hinterland,eastern,and western parts of the basin generally exhibit storage potential of below 1.0×106t/km2at the same probability level.The CGs has also characterized historical CO2plume migration in reservoirs at the storage site of the Shenhua CCS demonstration project and conducted numerical simulations of CO2plume migration for periods of 10 and 20 years following the shutdown of the injection well.The CGS implemented a kiloton-scale pilot test on CO2-enhanced water recovery(CO2-EWR)in eastern Junggar,revealing that CO2flooding can improve the pressure for fluid production,with the highest ratio of CO2to produced fluids estimated at approximately 1.2.Besides,an observation field for natural CO2leakage,covering about 930 m2,was built in Qinghai Province.In natural CO2fields or at artificial CO2injection research sites,cO2leakage points are primarily related to the distribution of faults(especially fault crossing),which can serve as pathways for CO2leakage.The observation field provides a natural analog to wellbore failure and offers an opportunity to further monitor CO2geological storage sites.However,it has been inferred that borehole ZK10 at the observation field has become a leakage pathway due to the drilling activities,inadequate well-plugging,and abandonment procedures without considering CO2corrosion.
基金support of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4100500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52376125).
摘要To maintain power grid stability under the increasing integration of renewable energy,the operational flexibility of thermal power plants is assuming growing significance.Flame stability and responsiveness on the combustion side under the extreme conditions of ultra-low loads and rapid load-change processes are the key to increasing the flexibility of thermal power plants.In this paper,a burner based on pre-gasification combustion technology is developed.The flexibility of the pre-gasification burner on a 5-MW pilot platform is investigated through simulation and performance verification.The results indicate that a single pre-gasification burner can maintain flame stability under a 9%load when burning bituminous coal,and a fuel load variation rate of 10%min-1 can be supported.The pre-gasification combustion has a faster stabilization rate compared with traditional combustion under coal flow and air flow disturbances.The application of pre-gasification burners in different classes of boiler is simulated,and the results indicate that the pre-gasification burner has the potential to improve the flexibility of industrial to full-scale coal-fired boilers.
摘要The first in China pilot tests of fixed-bed methanol-topropylene unit were successfully implemented at the Yangzi Petrochemical Company(YPC).It is told that this technology has opened up a new process for production of propylene through coal gasification,and China has possessed both the fluidized-bed methanolto-propylene process(F-MTP)and the
摘要[ Objective] The study aims to discuss the feasibility of using a fixed biological bed to treat low-concentration organic waste gas. [ Method] A fixed biological bed was used to treat low-concentration organic waste gas from a phosphate workshop, and then the waste gas treated was assessed by human sense of smell to determine the most economical empty bed contact time, thereby verifying the feasibility of using a fixed biolog- ical bed to treat low-concentration organic waste gas. [Result] When empty bed contact time was 60 s, the smell of the treated waste gas was acceptable, and COD value of recycled water in the fixed biological bed was essentially unchanged. It proved that organic load of the waste gas was consumed by microorganisms within 60 s. [ Conclusion] It is feasible to use a fixed biological bed to treat Iow-concantration organic waste gas from a phosphate workshop.