Two types of plasma sprayed coatings (NiCrAlY and NiCrAlY-A12O3) were remelted by a 5 kW cw CO2 laser. With increasing laser power and decreasing traverse speed in the ranges of 200-700 W and 5-30 mm/s respectively, t...Two types of plasma sprayed coatings (NiCrAlY and NiCrAlY-A12O3) were remelted by a 5 kW cw CO2 laser. With increasing laser power and decreasing traverse speed in the ranges of 200-700 W and 5-30 mm/s respectively, the melted track grew in width and depth. In the optimum range of laser parameters, a homogeneous remelted layer without voids, cavities, unmelted particles and microcracks was formed. On the surface of remelted layers, Al203 and YAIO3 were detected. As a result of isothermal oxidation tests, weight gains of laser remelted coatings were obviously lower than that only plasma sprayed, especially laser remelted NiCrAlY-Al2O3 coatings. The effects of laser remelting and incorporation of A12O3 second phase in N1CrAlY matrix on high temperature oxidation resistance were discussed.展开更多
An organic-inorganic hybrid sealing agent was fabricated and used in the plasma sprayed Al2O3-13 wt%TiO2coating,and conventional silicone agent was also used for comparison.Protection performance of the coati...An organic-inorganic hybrid sealing agent was fabricated and used in the plasma sprayed Al2O3-13 wt%TiO2coating,and conventional silicone agent was also used for comparison.Protection performance of the coatings was comprehensively evaluated based on both anti-corrosion and anti-biofouling properties.The results reveal that the sealing treatment is remarkably useful to decrease the porosity of the coating,and the porosity of the coating sealed with the hybrid agent is only 0.035%.Immersion corrosion test and Tafel polarization test reveal that the sealed coating with the hybrid agent exhibits a better corrosion resistance by compared with the coating sealed with silicone agent.The corrosion current density icorr of the hybrid agent sealed coating is only 0.7×10-6A·cm-2.Moreover,anti-biofouling tests both in the outdoor analogue hydraulic environment and in the natural marine environment prove that the mentioned novel coating presents a better combination of corrosion resistance and anti-biofouling property by compared with the other coatings,and it could be used as a protection of metal components in the marine environment.展开更多
A novel aluminum bronze over the Cu-Al binary alloy eutectoid Cu-14Al-4.5Fe was prepared by a jointly-charging one-melting technique and conventional sand casting. The bronze coatings were atmospherically plasma spray...A novel aluminum bronze over the Cu-Al binary alloy eutectoid Cu-14Al-4.5Fe was prepared by a jointly-charging one-melting technique and conventional sand casting. The bronze coatings were atmospherically plasma sprayed on the 45# medium carbon steel substrate. The effect of rare earth Ce on the microstructures and Vickers hardness of the cast alloy and coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electronic probe microanalysis, transmission electron microscopy and microhardness measurements. The results indicate that the hardness of both as-cast alloy and coating are enhanced by the addition of 0.6% Ce due to the refinement of κ phases which are well distributed in the matrix. The rapid solidification in the plasma spray processing retains Fe-supersaturated in the Al-bronze alloy coatings, which avoids the formation of eutectoid (α+γ2) phase and stacking faults are found in the coatings with Ce added, accordingly improves the mechanical properties.展开更多
Fe-based and Fe/Mo composite amorphous coatings were deposited on the surface of plain carbon steel substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). With increasing the Mo alloy content, the microstructure of the co...Fe-based and Fe/Mo composite amorphous coatings were deposited on the surface of plain carbon steel substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). With increasing the Mo alloy content, the microstructure of the coatings revealed more dense structure. The porosities of composite coating were all less than those of Fe-based coat- ing due to Mo alloy self-bonding performance. The ML10 friction and wear tester was employed to investigate the wear behaviors of the coatings under dry sliding conditions. It was found that the mass loss of the resultant coatings decreased with increasing Mo-based powders into the feedstock. This was attributed to the reduction of the delamina- tions resulting from improved intersplat bond with Mo addition.展开更多
Fe-based amorphous and nanocrystalline coatings were fabricated by air plasma spraying. The coatings were further treated by laser remelting process to improve their microstructure and properties. The corrosion resist...Fe-based amorphous and nanocrystalline coatings were fabricated by air plasma spraying. The coatings were further treated by laser remelting process to improve their microstructure and properties. The corrosion resistance of the as-sprayed and laser-remelted coatings in 3.5wt% NaC1 and 1 mol/L HCI solutions was evaluated by electrochemical polarization analysis. It was found that laser-remelted coating appeared much denser than the as-sprayed coating. However, laser-remelted coating contains much more nanocrystalline grains than the as-sprayed coatings, resulting from the lower cooling rate in laser remelting process compared with plasma spraying process. Electrochemical polarization results indicated that the laser-remelted coating has great corrosion resistance than the as-sprayed coating because of its dense structure.展开更多
With the TiB2−SiC powders after spray granulation and vacuum calcination as raw materials,the TiB2−SiC coating was prepared by supersonic atmospheric plasma spraying(SAPS).The effects of spraying power and spraying di...With the TiB2−SiC powders after spray granulation and vacuum calcination as raw materials,the TiB2−SiC coating was prepared by supersonic atmospheric plasma spraying(SAPS).The effects of spraying power and spraying distance on the properties of the TiB2−SiC coating were investigated and the fabrication processing of SAPS was optimized.The results show that the sprayed powders after calcination have a uniform particle size distribution,good sphericity and enhanced fluidity.The coating prepared by the calcined powders has a dense structure and high deposition efficiency.When the calcined TiB2−SiC powders are used and the spraying power is 95 kW and the spraying distance is 150 mm during supersonic plasma spraying,the obtained TiB2−SiC coating behaves the best comprehensive performance with the porosity,microhardness,bonding strength and resistivity equal to 5.6%,3.57 GPa,18.3 MPa and 10.8 mΩ·cm,respectively.展开更多
Corrosion attack of aluminium and magnesium based alloys is a major issue worldwide.The corrosion degradation of an uncoated and atmospheric plasma sprayed alumina(APS)coatings on AZ31B magnesium alloy was investigate...Corrosion attack of aluminium and magnesium based alloys is a major issue worldwide.The corrosion degradation of an uncoated and atmospheric plasma sprayed alumina(APS)coatings on AZ31B magnesium alloy was investigated using immersion corrosion test in NaCl solutions of different chloride ion concentrations viz.,0.01 M,0.2 M,0.6 M and 1 M.The corroded surface was characterized by an optical microscope and X-ray diffraction.The results showed that the corrosion deterioration of uncoated and coated samples were significantly influenced by chloride ion concentration.The uncoated magnesium and alumina coatings were found to offer a superior corrosion resistance in lower chloride ion concentration NaCl solutions(0.01 M and 0.2 M NaCl).On the other hand the coatings and Mg alloy substrate were found to be highly susceptible to localized damage,and could not provide an effective corrosion protection in solutions containing higher chloride concentrations(0.6 M and 1 M).It was found that the corrosion resistance of the ceramic coatings and base metal gets deteriorated with the increase in the chloride concentrations.展开更多
Like other manufacturing techniques,plasma spraying has also a non-linear behavior because of the contribution of many coating variables.This characteristic results in finding optimal factor combination difficult.Subs...Like other manufacturing techniques,plasma spraying has also a non-linear behavior because of the contribution of many coating variables.This characteristic results in finding optimal factor combination difficult.Subsequently,the issue can be solved through effective and strategic statistical procedures integrated with systematic experimental data.Plasma spray parameters such as power,stand-off distance and powder feed rate have significant influence on coating characteristics like Young’s modulus.This paper presents the use of statistical techniques in specifically response surface methodology(RSM),analysis of variance,and regression analysis to develop empirical relationship to predict Young’s modulus of plasma-sprayed alumina coatings.The developed empirical relationships can be effectively used to predict Young’s modulus of plasma-sprayed alumina coatings at 95%confidence level.Response graphs and contour plots were constructed to identify the optimum plasma spray parameters to attain maximum Young’s modulus in alumina coatings.A linear regression relationship was established between porosity and Young’s modulus of the alumina coatings.展开更多
TiN coating was prepared by reactive plasma spraying in the Ar and N2 containing plasma jet. The resuits of XRD show that the TiN coating consists of TiN and Ti3 O, neither Ti2 N nor TiO2 phases. The toughening mechan...TiN coating was prepared by reactive plasma spraying in the Ar and N2 containing plasma jet. The resuits of XRD show that the TiN coating consists of TiN and Ti3 O, neither Ti2 N nor TiO2 phases. The toughening mechanism was characterized by analyzing the SEM morphologies of the TiN coating's indentation of microhardness and fracture surfaces. The results indicate that the coating possesses a high toughness. The adhesion strength among the TiN layers is 25.88 MPa, which is slightly lower than that of the Ni/AI bonding coating. The oxidation process of the RPS TiN coating is TiN→Ti3 O→TiO2.展开更多
Different compositions of yttrium silicates coatings were deposited on SiC-C/C by plasma spraying and an outer borosilicate glass was applied on the yttrium silicates coatings surfaces. The structure of the multi-laye...Different compositions of yttrium silicates coatings were deposited on SiC-C/C by plasma spraying and an outer borosilicate glass was applied on the yttrium silicates coatings surfaces. The structure of the multi-layer coatings was characterized by XRD and SEM analyses. High temperature oxidation behavior of the multi-layer coatings coated C/C composites was investigated. Results show that SiC/2SiO2 Y2O3/1.5SiO2 Y203/ SiO2 Y2O3/glass multi-layer coating has better high temperature oxidation resistance, protecting carbon/ carbon composites from oxidation at 1 773 K in air for 164 h with the weight loss of 1.65%. The oxidation weight loss of the coated C/C with time accorded with parabolic rule in the temperature range 1 573 K-1 873 K; and the corresponding oxidation activation energy of the coated carbon/carbon composites is 132.2 kJ/mol.展开更多
Surface treatment of engineering materials has recently become important for serviceable engineering components.Many techniques such as thermal and thermo chemical surface treatments have been used to develop surface ...Surface treatment of engineering materials has recently become important for serviceable engineering components.Many techniques such as thermal and thermo chemical surface treatments have been used to develop surface characteristics of materials.Hardness is the most important property,which influences considerably service life characteristics of coatings.In this investigation,alumina coatings were deposited by atmospheric plasma spray technique under different levels of power,stand-off distances and powder feed rates.Empirical relationship was developed to predict the micro hardness of alumina coatings by incorporating the plasma spray process parameters.The input power and the stand-off distance appeared to be the most significant two parameters affecting the hardness of the coating among the three investigated process parameters.Further,correlating the spray parameters with coating properties enables the identification of characteristics regime to achieve desired quality of coatings.展开更多
The Fe-based amorphous coatings were produced by air plasma spraying. The as-sprayed coatings were heat-treated at the temperature of 573, 873, and 1 023 K, respectively. The crystallization and wear behavior of the h...The Fe-based amorphous coatings were produced by air plasma spraying. The as-sprayed coatings were heat-treated at the temperature of 573, 873, and 1 023 K, respectively. The crystallization and wear behavior of the heat-treated amorphous coatings were investigated. It was found that the amorphous- nanocrystalline transformation appeared when the as-sprayed coatings were treated at 853 K. The crystallization process had completed and a coating with microcrystallines was formed when the treatment temperature reached 1 023 K. The resultant amorphous and nanocrystalline composite coatings exhibited superior wear resistance compared to crystalline coating. It is attributed to fine grain strengthening of formed nanocrystallines.展开更多
A novel TiO2-ZnFe2O4 coating is prepared by plasma spraying. The effects of spra ying parameters and the composition of powders on the microstructure, surface mo rphology and photo-absorption of plasma sprayed coating...A novel TiO2-ZnFe2O4 coating is prepared by plasma spraying. The effects of spra ying parameters and the composition of powders on the microstructure, surface mo rphology and photo-absorption of plasma sprayed coatings are studied. The photoc atalytic efficiency of the as-sprayed coatings is evaluated through the photo mi neralization of methylene blue. It was found that TiO2 coatings can decompose me thylene blue under the illumination of ultraviolet rays, and the degrading effic iency is improved with an increase in the content of FeTiO3 in the coatings. How ever, the presence of large amount of ZnFe2O4 compound will substantially lower the photocatalytic efficiency of the TiO2-ZnFe2O4 coatings for the unfavorable p hoto-excited electron-hole transfer process.展开更多
The non-isothermal crystallization dynamic behavior and mechanism of plasma sprayed Fe48Cr15Mo14C15B6Y2coating were thoroughly studied.The phase transition and crystallization kinetics of the coating...The non-isothermal crystallization dynamic behavior and mechanism of plasma sprayed Fe48Cr15Mo14C15B6Y2coating were thoroughly studied.The phase transition and crystallization kinetics of the coating were elaborately investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The findings reveal that the characteristic temperatures of the coating shift to an elevated temperature at a higher heating rate and the crystallization processes are thermally activated.The 3-rd step of crystallization processes is more susceptible to the continuously increased heating rate while the onset crystallization reaction is less sensitive to the continuously enhanced heating rate.Fe23(C,B)_6 phase is inclined to precipitate than other crystal phases due to the substantial pre-generation ofα-Fe.The onset nucleation and growth ofα-Fe crystals is tough due to a higher onset apparent activation energy.Meanwhile,the transformation from Fe23(C,B)6to FeB is harder in comparison with the precipitation of other crystals.The most parts of the three crystallization processes are dominated by three-dimensional diffusion model due to the fact that most values of local Avrami exponent are higher than 2.5.展开更多
A post-treatment of hydrothermal process was conducted to evaluate its effects on the material characteristics and mechanical properties of plasma-sprayed pure HA and HA/20%YSZ coatings.Surface morphology and microstr...A post-treatment of hydrothermal process was conducted to evaluate its effects on the material characteristics and mechanical properties of plasma-sprayed pure HA and HA/20%YSZ coatings.Surface morphology and microstructural changes,relative element contents as well as phase transformations were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy,and X-ray diffractometry.Both microhardness and Young’s modulus were measured.CaCO3 was found existing before and after the whole process of post-treatment.Peaks of impurity phases such as CaO,TCP,and TTCP of as-sprayed coatings were observed to disappear while HA peaks show a tendency of getting higher and wider over time.Surface morphology of SEM analysis presents a clear deposition behavior of ultrafine HA crystallized particles and cross-sectional analysis exhibits a dense and fine structure.Mechanical properties of HA/20%YSZ coatings are found to be significantly higher than those of pure HA coatings and both of which displayed an overall increase with the heating time,indicating enhanced performances.展开更多
An alumina coating was developed on mild carbon steel by plasma spraying and then modified by laser remelting.Some characteristics of plasma sprayed ceramic coating before and after laser remelting,such as microstruct...An alumina coating was developed on mild carbon steel by plasma spraying and then modified by laser remelting.Some characteristics of plasma sprayed ceramic coating before and after laser remelting,such as microstructure,wear resistance, heat shock resistance,hot corrosion property and bond strength,have been investigated in this paper.展开更多
On-line temperature monitoring of plasma sprayed coating is presented, which is based on IR pyrometery combined to robot trajectories. Temperature fields of the substrate before spraying and the deposited coating when...On-line temperature monitoring of plasma sprayed coating is presented, which is based on IR pyrometery combined to robot trajectories. Temperature fields of the substrate before spraying and the deposited coating when the damage happens are taken to investigate the temperature fluctuation information. Experimental results demonstrate that coating damage always occurs in the temperature transition area of the substrate from the higher to the lower, as well as the higher temperature area. The temperature difference between the peak and the mean of the relevant regions is beyond 30 - 50℃ or even higher. This case provides the omen of coating damage and the focusing scopes for the process control of coating temperature in plasma spraying展开更多
A solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)with a liquid antimony anode(LAA)is a potential energy conversion technology for the use of impurity-containing fuels.Atmospheric plasma spraying(APS)technology has become a promising LAAS...A solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)with a liquid antimony anode(LAA)is a potential energy conversion technology for the use of impurity-containing fuels.Atmospheric plasma spraying(APS)technology has become a promising LAASOFC preparation method because of its economy and convenience.In this paper,button SOFCs with different cathode materials and ratios of pore former were prepared by the APS method and were operated at 750C.The effect of the cathode structure on the electrochemical performance of the LAA-SOFCs was analyzed,and an optimized spraying method for LAA-SOFCs was developed.A tubular LAA-SOFC was prepared using the APS method based on the optimized spraying method,and a peak power of 2.5 W was reached.The tubular cell was also measured at a constant current of 2 A for 20 h and was fed with a sulfur-containing fuel to demonstrate its impurity resistance and electrode stability.展开更多
Al2O3-Y2O3composite powder with TiO2additive was plasma sprayed to prepare Al2O3-Y2O3composite coatings.The micro structure and properties evolution of the Al2O3-Y2O3coatings dur...Al2O3-Y2O3composite powder with TiO2additive was plasma sprayed to prepare Al2O3-Y2O3composite coatings.The micro structure and properties evolution of the Al2O3-Y2O3coatings during high temperature and thermal shock resistance were investigated.The results show that the micro structure of the Al2O3-Y2O3-TiO2coating is more uniform than that of the Al2O3-Y2O3coating.Meanwhile,amorphous phase is formed in the two coatings.The Al2O3-Y2O3(-TiO2)coatings were heat treated for 2 h at temperatures of 800,1000 and 1200℃,respectively.It is found that the microstructure and properties of the two coatings have no obvious change at 800℃.Some of the amorphous phase is crystallized at1000℃,and meanwhile Y2O3and Al2O3react to form YAG phase and YAM phase.At 1200℃,all of the amorphous phases are crystallized.After heat treatment,the micro hardness of the two coatings is increased.The thermal shock resistance of the Al2O3-Y2O3system coatings can be improved by using TC4 titanium alloy as substrate and with NiCrAlY bonding layer.Moreover,the Al2O3-Y2O3-TiO2coating exhibits better thermal shock resistance due to the addition of TiO2.展开更多
The conventional Al2O3-13 wt. % TiO2 composite ceramic coatings are fabricated by plasma spraying on the surface of extrusion wheel. The microstrueture, morphology and phase compositions of the substrate and coat- ing...The conventional Al2O3-13 wt. % TiO2 composite ceramic coatings are fabricated by plasma spraying on the surface of extrusion wheel. The microstrueture, morphology and phase compositions of the substrate and coat- ing are investigated by using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) , scanning electron microsopy (SEM) and energy dis- persive spectroscopy (EDS). Moreover, the microhardness of the substrate and the coating are investigated using Vickers mierohardness tester, the friction and wear behaviors of the substrate and the coating are investigated by using a block-on-ring tribometer under dry sliding conditions with the load of 245 N. The results show that both γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 phases are observed in the as-sprayed coatings, the mian phase is γ-Al2O3. There are white particulates Al2O3 on its surface. The Al2O3-13 wt. % TiO2 coating possesses higher mierohardness which is about 1018HV and 1.6 times that of the substrate. The wear performance of coating is better than that of the substrate. In a practical application, the life of the extrusion wheel which is plasma sprayed Al2O3-13 wt. % TiO2 coating on the surface is 1.2 times that of the conventional extrusion wheel, and the life is about 330 h.展开更多
摘要Two types of plasma sprayed coatings (NiCrAlY and NiCrAlY-A12O3) were remelted by a 5 kW cw CO2 laser. With increasing laser power and decreasing traverse speed in the ranges of 200-700 W and 5-30 mm/s respectively, the melted track grew in width and depth. In the optimum range of laser parameters, a homogeneous remelted layer without voids, cavities, unmelted particles and microcracks was formed. On the surface of remelted layers, Al203 and YAIO3 were detected. As a result of isothermal oxidation tests, weight gains of laser remelted coatings were obviously lower than that only plasma sprayed, especially laser remelted NiCrAlY-Al2O3 coatings. The effects of laser remelting and incorporation of A12O3 second phase in N1CrAlY matrix on high temperature oxidation resistance were discussed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51379070)the Graduate Research and Innovation Projects of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX21_0463)。
摘要An organic-inorganic hybrid sealing agent was fabricated and used in the plasma sprayed Al2O3-13 wt%TiO2coating,and conventional silicone agent was also used for comparison.Protection performance of the coatings was comprehensively evaluated based on both anti-corrosion and anti-biofouling properties.The results reveal that the sealing treatment is remarkably useful to decrease the porosity of the coating,and the porosity of the coating sealed with the hybrid agent is only 0.035%.Immersion corrosion test and Tafel polarization test reveal that the sealed coating with the hybrid agent exhibits a better corrosion resistance by compared with the coating sealed with silicone agent.The corrosion current density icorr of the hybrid agent sealed coating is only 0.7×10-6A·cm-2.Moreover,anti-biofouling tests both in the outdoor analogue hydraulic environment and in the natural marine environment prove that the mentioned novel coating presents a better combination of corrosion resistance and anti-biofouling property by compared with the other coatings,and it could be used as a protection of metal components in the marine environment.
基金Projects (50804019, 51165021) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (0901ZTB009) supported by the Super Tutor Foundation from the Education Department of Gansu Province, China
摘要A novel aluminum bronze over the Cu-Al binary alloy eutectoid Cu-14Al-4.5Fe was prepared by a jointly-charging one-melting technique and conventional sand casting. The bronze coatings were atmospherically plasma sprayed on the 45# medium carbon steel substrate. The effect of rare earth Ce on the microstructures and Vickers hardness of the cast alloy and coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electronic probe microanalysis, transmission electron microscopy and microhardness measurements. The results indicate that the hardness of both as-cast alloy and coating are enhanced by the addition of 0.6% Ce due to the refinement of κ phases which are well distributed in the matrix. The rapid solidification in the plasma spray processing retains Fe-supersaturated in the Al-bronze alloy coatings, which avoids the formation of eutectoid (α+γ2) phase and stacking faults are found in the coatings with Ce added, accordingly improves the mechanical properties.
基金the Special Found for Basic Scientific Research of Central Colleges,Chang'an University (00092014G1311093)the Special Fund for Basic Research Support Plan of Chang'an Universitythe Open Fund of Engineering Research Center of Transportation Materials,Ministry of Education of China
摘要Fe-based and Fe/Mo composite amorphous coatings were deposited on the surface of plain carbon steel substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). With increasing the Mo alloy content, the microstructure of the coatings revealed more dense structure. The porosities of composite coating were all less than those of Fe-based coat- ing due to Mo alloy self-bonding performance. The ML10 friction and wear tester was employed to investigate the wear behaviors of the coatings under dry sliding conditions. It was found that the mass loss of the resultant coatings decreased with increasing Mo-based powders into the feedstock. This was attributed to the reduction of the delamina- tions resulting from improved intersplat bond with Mo addition.
基金Funded by the Special Found for Basic Scientific Research of Central Colleges,Chang'an University(2014G1311093)the AQSIQ Technology Program Project(2013QK111)
摘要Fe-based amorphous and nanocrystalline coatings were fabricated by air plasma spraying. The coatings were further treated by laser remelting process to improve their microstructure and properties. The corrosion resistance of the as-sprayed and laser-remelted coatings in 3.5wt% NaC1 and 1 mol/L HCI solutions was evaluated by electrochemical polarization analysis. It was found that laser-remelted coating appeared much denser than the as-sprayed coating. However, laser-remelted coating contains much more nanocrystalline grains than the as-sprayed coatings, resulting from the lower cooling rate in laser remelting process compared with plasma spraying process. Electrochemical polarization results indicated that the laser-remelted coating has great corrosion resistance than the as-sprayed coating because of its dense structure.
基金The authors are grateful for the financial supports from Guangdong Academy of Sciences Project(2018GDASCX-0402)of China,Yunnan Science and Technology Plan Project of China(2018IC080)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China(2018JJ2524).
摘要With the TiB2−SiC powders after spray granulation and vacuum calcination as raw materials,the TiB2−SiC coating was prepared by supersonic atmospheric plasma spraying(SAPS).The effects of spraying power and spraying distance on the properties of the TiB2−SiC coating were investigated and the fabrication processing of SAPS was optimized.The results show that the sprayed powders after calcination have a uniform particle size distribution,good sphericity and enhanced fluidity.The coating prepared by the calcined powders has a dense structure and high deposition efficiency.When the calcined TiB2−SiC powders are used and the spraying power is 95 kW and the spraying distance is 150 mm during supersonic plasma spraying,the obtained TiB2−SiC coating behaves the best comprehensive performance with the porosity,microhardness,bonding strength and resistivity equal to 5.6%,3.57 GPa,18.3 MPa and 10.8 mΩ·cm,respectively.
摘要Corrosion attack of aluminium and magnesium based alloys is a major issue worldwide.The corrosion degradation of an uncoated and atmospheric plasma sprayed alumina(APS)coatings on AZ31B magnesium alloy was investigated using immersion corrosion test in NaCl solutions of different chloride ion concentrations viz.,0.01 M,0.2 M,0.6 M and 1 M.The corroded surface was characterized by an optical microscope and X-ray diffraction.The results showed that the corrosion deterioration of uncoated and coated samples were significantly influenced by chloride ion concentration.The uncoated magnesium and alumina coatings were found to offer a superior corrosion resistance in lower chloride ion concentration NaCl solutions(0.01 M and 0.2 M NaCl).On the other hand the coatings and Mg alloy substrate were found to be highly susceptible to localized damage,and could not provide an effective corrosion protection in solutions containing higher chloride concentrations(0.6 M and 1 M).It was found that the corrosion resistance of the ceramic coatings and base metal gets deteriorated with the increase in the chloride concentrations.
摘要Like other manufacturing techniques,plasma spraying has also a non-linear behavior because of the contribution of many coating variables.This characteristic results in finding optimal factor combination difficult.Subsequently,the issue can be solved through effective and strategic statistical procedures integrated with systematic experimental data.Plasma spray parameters such as power,stand-off distance and powder feed rate have significant influence on coating characteristics like Young’s modulus.This paper presents the use of statistical techniques in specifically response surface methodology(RSM),analysis of variance,and regression analysis to develop empirical relationship to predict Young’s modulus of plasma-sprayed alumina coatings.The developed empirical relationships can be effectively used to predict Young’s modulus of plasma-sprayed alumina coatings at 95%confidence level.Response graphs and contour plots were constructed to identify the optimum plasma spray parameters to attain maximum Young’s modulus in alumina coatings.A linear regression relationship was established between porosity and Young’s modulus of the alumina coatings.
基金Item Sponsored by Natural Science Foundation of China (50472033)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China (503037)
摘要TiN coating was prepared by reactive plasma spraying in the Ar and N2 containing plasma jet. The resuits of XRD show that the TiN coating consists of TiN and Ti3 O, neither Ti2 N nor TiO2 phases. The toughening mechanism was characterized by analyzing the SEM morphologies of the TiN coating's indentation of microhardness and fracture surfaces. The results indicate that the coating possesses a high toughness. The adhesion strength among the TiN layers is 25.88 MPa, which is slightly lower than that of the Ni/AI bonding coating. The oxidation process of the RPS TiN coating is TiN→Ti3 O→TiO2.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50772063)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No.NCET-06-0893)
摘要Different compositions of yttrium silicates coatings were deposited on SiC-C/C by plasma spraying and an outer borosilicate glass was applied on the yttrium silicates coatings surfaces. The structure of the multi-layer coatings was characterized by XRD and SEM analyses. High temperature oxidation behavior of the multi-layer coatings coated C/C composites was investigated. Results show that SiC/2SiO2 Y2O3/1.5SiO2 Y203/ SiO2 Y2O3/glass multi-layer coating has better high temperature oxidation resistance, protecting carbon/ carbon composites from oxidation at 1 773 K in air for 164 h with the weight loss of 1.65%. The oxidation weight loss of the coated C/C with time accorded with parabolic rule in the temperature range 1 573 K-1 873 K; and the corresponding oxidation activation energy of the coated carbon/carbon composites is 132.2 kJ/mol.
摘要Surface treatment of engineering materials has recently become important for serviceable engineering components.Many techniques such as thermal and thermo chemical surface treatments have been used to develop surface characteristics of materials.Hardness is the most important property,which influences considerably service life characteristics of coatings.In this investigation,alumina coatings were deposited by atmospheric plasma spray technique under different levels of power,stand-off distances and powder feed rates.Empirical relationship was developed to predict the micro hardness of alumina coatings by incorporating the plasma spray process parameters.The input power and the stand-off distance appeared to be the most significant two parameters affecting the hardness of the coating among the three investigated process parameters.Further,correlating the spray parameters with coating properties enables the identification of characteristics regime to achieve desired quality of coatings.
基金Funded by the Basic Scientific Research of Central Colleges,Chang’an University (No. CHD2011JC126)
摘要The Fe-based amorphous coatings were produced by air plasma spraying. The as-sprayed coatings were heat-treated at the temperature of 573, 873, and 1 023 K, respectively. The crystallization and wear behavior of the heat-treated amorphous coatings were investigated. It was found that the amorphous- nanocrystalline transformation appeared when the as-sprayed coatings were treated at 853 K. The crystallization process had completed and a coating with microcrystallines was formed when the treatment temperature reached 1 023 K. The resultant amorphous and nanocrystalline composite coatings exhibited superior wear resistance compared to crystalline coating. It is attributed to fine grain strengthening of formed nanocrystallines.
摘要A novel TiO2-ZnFe2O4 coating is prepared by plasma spraying. The effects of spra ying parameters and the composition of powders on the microstructure, surface mo rphology and photo-absorption of plasma sprayed coatings are studied. The photoc atalytic efficiency of the as-sprayed coatings is evaluated through the photo mi neralization of methylene blue. It was found that TiO2 coatings can decompose me thylene blue under the illumination of ultraviolet rays, and the degrading effic iency is improved with an increase in the content of FeTiO3 in the coatings. How ever, the presence of large amount of ZnFe2O4 compound will substantially lower the photocatalytic efficiency of the TiO2-ZnFe2O4 coatings for the unfavorable p hoto-excited electron-hole transfer process.
基金Funded by the China Scholarship Council(No.201906710142)。
摘要The non-isothermal crystallization dynamic behavior and mechanism of plasma sprayed Fe48Cr15Mo14C15B6Y2coating were thoroughly studied.The phase transition and crystallization kinetics of the coating were elaborately investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The findings reveal that the characteristic temperatures of the coating shift to an elevated temperature at a higher heating rate and the crystallization processes are thermally activated.The 3-rd step of crystallization processes is more susceptible to the continuously increased heating rate while the onset crystallization reaction is less sensitive to the continuously enhanced heating rate.Fe23(C,B)_6 phase is inclined to precipitate than other crystal phases due to the substantial pre-generation ofα-Fe.The onset nucleation and growth ofα-Fe crystals is tough due to a higher onset apparent activation energy.Meanwhile,the transformation from Fe23(C,B)6to FeB is harder in comparison with the precipitation of other crystals.The most parts of the three crystallization processes are dominated by three-dimensional diffusion model due to the fact that most values of local Avrami exponent are higher than 2.5.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51475346)。
摘要A post-treatment of hydrothermal process was conducted to evaluate its effects on the material characteristics and mechanical properties of plasma-sprayed pure HA and HA/20%YSZ coatings.Surface morphology and microstructural changes,relative element contents as well as phase transformations were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy,and X-ray diffractometry.Both microhardness and Young’s modulus were measured.CaCO3 was found existing before and after the whole process of post-treatment.Peaks of impurity phases such as CaO,TCP,and TTCP of as-sprayed coatings were observed to disappear while HA peaks show a tendency of getting higher and wider over time.Surface morphology of SEM analysis presents a clear deposition behavior of ultrafine HA crystallized particles and cross-sectional analysis exhibits a dense and fine structure.Mechanical properties of HA/20%YSZ coatings are found to be significantly higher than those of pure HA coatings and both of which displayed an overall increase with the heating time,indicating enhanced performances.
摘要An alumina coating was developed on mild carbon steel by plasma spraying and then modified by laser remelting.Some characteristics of plasma sprayed ceramic coating before and after laser remelting,such as microstructure,wear resistance, heat shock resistance,hot corrosion property and bond strength,have been investigated in this paper.
基金The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51005085).
摘要On-line temperature monitoring of plasma sprayed coating is presented, which is based on IR pyrometery combined to robot trajectories. Temperature fields of the substrate before spraying and the deposited coating when the damage happens are taken to investigate the temperature fluctuation information. Experimental results demonstrate that coating damage always occurs in the temperature transition area of the substrate from the higher to the lower, as well as the higher temperature area. The temperature difference between the peak and the mean of the relevant regions is beyond 30 - 50℃ or even higher. This case provides the omen of coating damage and the focusing scopes for the process control of coating temperature in plasma spraying
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFB0905602)the Huaneng Group Science and Technology Research Project(HNKJ20-H50)+1 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation Outstanding Youth Science Foundation Project(JQ18009)the National High Level Talents Special Support Plan,and the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program.
摘要A solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)with a liquid antimony anode(LAA)is a potential energy conversion technology for the use of impurity-containing fuels.Atmospheric plasma spraying(APS)technology has become a promising LAASOFC preparation method because of its economy and convenience.In this paper,button SOFCs with different cathode materials and ratios of pore former were prepared by the APS method and were operated at 750C.The effect of the cathode structure on the electrochemical performance of the LAA-SOFCs was analyzed,and an optimized spraying method for LAA-SOFCs was developed.A tubular LAA-SOFC was prepared using the APS method based on the optimized spraying method,and a peak power of 2.5 W was reached.The tubular cell was also measured at a constant current of 2 A for 20 h and was fed with a sulfur-containing fuel to demonstrate its impurity resistance and electrode stability.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51672067,51541208,51102074)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(E2018202034,E2015202070)+1 种基金the Foundation for Talent Training Project in Hebei Province(A2016002026)the Foundation for the Top Talents in Universities of Hebei Province(SLRC2017027)。
摘要Al2O3-Y2O3composite powder with TiO2additive was plasma sprayed to prepare Al2O3-Y2O3composite coatings.The micro structure and properties evolution of the Al2O3-Y2O3coatings during high temperature and thermal shock resistance were investigated.The results show that the micro structure of the Al2O3-Y2O3-TiO2coating is more uniform than that of the Al2O3-Y2O3coating.Meanwhile,amorphous phase is formed in the two coatings.The Al2O3-Y2O3(-TiO2)coatings were heat treated for 2 h at temperatures of 800,1000 and 1200℃,respectively.It is found that the microstructure and properties of the two coatings have no obvious change at 800℃.Some of the amorphous phase is crystallized at1000℃,and meanwhile Y2O3and Al2O3react to form YAG phase and YAM phase.At 1200℃,all of the amorphous phases are crystallized.After heat treatment,the micro hardness of the two coatings is increased.The thermal shock resistance of the Al2O3-Y2O3system coatings can be improved by using TC4 titanium alloy as substrate and with NiCrAlY bonding layer.Moreover,the Al2O3-Y2O3-TiO2coating exhibits better thermal shock resistance due to the addition of TiO2.
摘要The conventional Al2O3-13 wt. % TiO2 composite ceramic coatings are fabricated by plasma spraying on the surface of extrusion wheel. The microstrueture, morphology and phase compositions of the substrate and coat- ing are investigated by using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) , scanning electron microsopy (SEM) and energy dis- persive spectroscopy (EDS). Moreover, the microhardness of the substrate and the coating are investigated using Vickers mierohardness tester, the friction and wear behaviors of the substrate and the coating are investigated by using a block-on-ring tribometer under dry sliding conditions with the load of 245 N. The results show that both γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 phases are observed in the as-sprayed coatings, the mian phase is γ-Al2O3. There are white particulates Al2O3 on its surface. The Al2O3-13 wt. % TiO2 coating possesses higher mierohardness which is about 1018HV and 1.6 times that of the substrate. The wear performance of coating is better than that of the substrate. In a practical application, the life of the extrusion wheel which is plasma sprayed Al2O3-13 wt. % TiO2 coating on the surface is 1.2 times that of the conventional extrusion wheel, and the life is about 330 h.