It is well known that the representations over an arbitrary configuration space related to a physical system of the Heisenberg algebra allow to distinguish the simply and non simply-connected manifolds [arXiv:quant-ph...It is well known that the representations over an arbitrary configuration space related to a physical system of the Heisenberg algebra allow to distinguish the simply and non simply-connected manifolds [arXiv:quant-ph/9908.014, arXiv:hep-th/0608.023]. In the light of this classification, the dynamics of a quantum particle on the line is studied in the framework of the conventional quantization scheme as well as that of the enhanced quantization recently introduced by J. R. Klauder [arXiv:quant-ph/1204.2870]. The quantum action functional restricted to the phase space coherent states is obtained from the enhanced quantization procedure, showing the coexistence of classical and quantum theories, a fundamental advantage offered by this new approach. The example of the one dimensional harmonic oscillator is given. Next, the spectrum of a free particle on the two-sphere is recognized from the covariant diffeomorphic representations of the momentum operator in the configuration space. Our results based on simple models also point out the already-known link between interaction and topology at quantum level.展开更多
The paper is devoted to noncommutative formal geometry of a contractive quantum plane,whose spectrum is the union of two copies of the complex plane.It turns out that a formal completion of the Arens-Michael envelope ...The paper is devoted to noncommutative formal geometry of a contractive quantum plane,whose spectrum is the union of two copies of the complex plane.It turns out that a formal completion of the Arens-Michael envelope of a contractive quantum plane results in a noncommutative analytic space,whose base topological space is the same spectrum,whereas the structure sheaf is obtained as a certain quantization of the related commutative analytic space.As the basic tool we use the fibered products of the Fréchet sheaves.The related topological homology problems are considered to find out a key link between the transversality relation of the noncommutative sections versus to a left Fréchet module,and noncommutative Taylor spectrum of the module.展开更多
This paper investigates the platoon control of heterogeneous vehicular cyber-physical systems(VCPSs) subject to external disturbances by using neural network and uniformly quantized communication data.To reduce the ad...This paper investigates the platoon control of heterogeneous vehicular cyber-physical systems(VCPSs) subject to external disturbances by using neural network and uniformly quantized communication data.To reduce the adverse effects of quantization errors on system performance,a coupling sliding mode surface is established for each following vehicle.The radial basis function(RBF) neural networks are employed to approximate the unknown external disturbances.Then,a novel platoon control law is proposed for cooperative tracking in which each following vehicle only uses the uniformly quantized data of the neighboring vehicles.And the designed controllers in this paper are fully distributed due to the fact that the selection of each vehicle's controller parameters is independent of the entire communication topology.The string stability of VCPSs in the entire control process is ensured rather than only ensuring the string stability after the sliding mode surface converges to zero.Compared with the existing controller design methods and quantization mechanisms,the neural adaptive sliding-mode platoon controller proposed in this paper is superior in performances including tracking errors,driving comfort and fuel economy.Numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the designed control strategy.展开更多
Building on the existing symmetric quantization model of the dynamic Cournot duopoly game(CDG)with asymmetric information,we extend it to an asymmetric quantization model and study the stability of the quantum Bayesia...Building on the existing symmetric quantization model of the dynamic Cournot duopoly game(CDG)with asymmetric information,we extend it to an asymmetric quantization model and study the stability of the quantum Bayesian Nash equilibrium(QBNE)under heterogeneous expectations.We analyze the influence of various parameters on the stability of QBNE,with a particular focus on the impact of the parameter α on system stability.The results show that when α1,the quantum strategy of the symmetric quantization model is more conducive to stabilizing the market.展开更多
We present the geodesic nature and quantization of geometric shift vector in quantum systems,with the parameter space defined by the Bloch momentum,using the Wilson loop approach.Our analysis extends to include bosoni...We present the geodesic nature and quantization of geometric shift vector in quantum systems,with the parameter space defined by the Bloch momentum,using the Wilson loop approach.Our analysis extends to include bosonic phonon drag shift vectors with non-vertical transitions.We demonstrate that the gauge invariant shift vector can be quantized as integer values,analogous to the Euler characteristic based on the Gauss-Bonnet theorem for a manifold with a smooth boundary.We reveal intricate relationships among geometric quantities such as the shift vector,Berry curvature,and quantum metric.Our findings demonstrate that the loop integral of the shift vector in the quantized interband formula contributes to the non-quantized component of the trace of conductivity in the circular photogalvanic effect.The Wilson loop method facilitates first-principles calculations,providing insights in the geometric underpinnings of these interband gauge invariant quantities and shedding light on their nonlinear optical manifestations in real materials.展开更多
Quantization has emerged as an important technique for enabling efficient deployment of large language models(LLMs)by reducing their memory and computational requirements.This research conducts an evaluation of INT8 q...Quantization has emerged as an important technique for enabling efficient deployment of large language models(LLMs)by reducing their memory and computational requirements.This research conducts an evaluation of INT8 quantization on several state-of-the-art LLMs,GPT-2,LLaMA-2-7B-Chat and Qwen1.5-1.8B-Chat,across two hardware configurations:NVIDIA RTX4070 Laptop GPU and RTX4080 Laptop GPU and two tasks:text and code generation.By comparing quantized INT8 models with their FP16 counterparts and a human-written reference,we quantify the trade-offs between performance and efficiency using standard natural language generation metrics(BLEU,ROUGE-1,ROUGE-L)and semantic analysis via GPT-4o and Gemini 2.5 Flash(Google).The results reveal that INT8 post-training quantization(PTQ),hereafter referred to as INT8,substantially reduces inference time and memory footprint,with minimal impact on topical relevance but a notable decline in lexical precision,fluency and structural coherence.The extent of quality degradation varies by model size and architecture,with smaller models demonstrating greater resilience to quantization.Furthermore,we identify several limitations in quantized outputs,including reduced expressiveness,while highlighting their suitability for resource-constrained or real-time applications,such as robots monitoring safety standards in manufacturing environments.On average,INT8 quantization results in a 3.4 times speedup over FP16 inference across all tested models and GPUs(excluding configurations affected by CPU offloading),with the largest gains observed in large models like LLaMA-2-7B-Chat.The results also indicate that structured code generation exhibits slightly greater sensitivity to INT8 quantization compared to explanatory text generation.展开更多
We perform the manifestly covariant quantization of f(R)gravity in the de Donder gauge condition(or harmonic gauge condition)for general coordinate invariance.We explicitly calculate various equal-time commutation rel...We perform the manifestly covariant quantization of f(R)gravity in the de Donder gauge condition(or harmonic gauge condition)for general coordinate invariance.We explicitly calculate various equal-time commutation relations(ETCRs),in particular the ETCR between the metric and its time derivative,and show that it has a nonvanishing and nontrivial expression,whose situation should be contrasted to the previous result in higher-derivative or quadratic gravity where the ETCR was found to be identically vanishing.We also clarify global symmetries,the physical content of f(R)gravity,and clearly show that this theory is manifestly unitary and has a massive scalar and massless graviton as physical modes.展开更多
This paper introduces MobiIris,a lightweight deep network for mobile iris recognition that enhances attention and specifically addresses the balance between accuracy and efficiency on devices with limited resources.Th...This paper introduces MobiIris,a lightweight deep network for mobile iris recognition that enhances attention and specifically addresses the balance between accuracy and efficiency on devices with limited resources.The proposed model is based on the large version of MobileNetV3 and adds more spatial attention blocks and an embedding-based head that was trained using margin-based triplet learning,enabling fine-grained modeling of iris textures in a compact representation.To further improve discriminability,we design a training pipeline that combines dynamic-margin triplet loss,a staged hard/semi-hard negative mining strategy,and feature-level knowledge distillation from a ResNet-50 teacher.Finally,we investigate the use of post-training float16 quantization to reduce memory footprint and latency for deployment on mobile hardware.Experiments on the challenging CASIA-IrisV4-Thousand dataset show that the full-precision MobiIris model requires only 12 MB of storage and 27 ms inference latency,while achieving an EER of 1.409%,VR@FAR=1%of 98.184%,and CMC@1 of 94.785%,closely matching a ResNet-50 baseline that is more than 7×larger and slower.Under post-training quantization,the model shrinks to 5.94 MB with 13 ms latency and maintains a competitive balance between accuracy and efficiency compared to other optimized variants.These results demonstrate that a coherent combination of lightweight architecture design,attention mechanisms,metric-learning objectives,hard negative mining,and knowledge distillation yields a practical iris recognition solution suitable for secure,real-time authentication on mobile and embedded platforms.展开更多
The proliferation of Internet of Things(IoT)devices has introduced unprecedented security challenges,necessitating efficient intrusion detection systems(IDS)capable of operating under severe resource constraints.This ...The proliferation of Internet of Things(IoT)devices has introduced unprecedented security challenges,necessitating efficient intrusion detection systems(IDS)capable of operating under severe resource constraints.This research presents a hardware-informed empirical study of quantized neural-network-based intrusion detection for resource-constrained IoT platforms,using an ARM Cortex-M4 deployment target as a reference.We evaluate FP32,FP16,and INT8 TensorFlow Lite model variants derived from a lightweight 1D-CNN and assess their trade-offs in clean-data accuracy,model size,estimated inference latency,estimated energy consumption,and adversarial robustness.INT8-quantized model achieves 99.10%accuracy on clean data while maintaining 97.50%adversarial accuracy under Projected Gradient Descent(PGD)attacks with perturbation budget=0.3.The quantized model achieves 12.0×latency reduction(0.083 vs.0.995 ms)and 92.7%energy reduction(0.0083 vs.0.1135 mJ)when compared to FP32.The memory footprint of the model is reduced by 55.7%from 58.02 to 25.72 KB.Our comprehensive analysis includes confusion matrices,ROC curves(AUC=0.9964 for INT8),adversarial robustness heatmaps,and statistical significance testing via McNemar’s test.The results establish INT8 quantization as a viable solution for deploying robust IDS on resource-constrained IoT devices,achieving practical deployment feasibility without reducing detection performance.展开更多
We introduce the DARE-Q(Distribution-Aware Residual Entropy Quantization)method—a post-training quantization method for neural network weights designed to reduce bit-width with minimal degradation of model quality.Un...We introduce the DARE-Q(Distribution-Aware Residual Entropy Quantization)method—a post-training quantization method for neural network weights designed to reduce bit-width with minimal degradation of model quality.Unlike traditional approaches that solely optimize the mean squared error of weight approximation,DARE-Q additionally considers the entropy of the quantization residual,allowing for control over the statistical properties of the resulting error.The method is based on channel-wise symmetric uniform quantization with scaling based on a combined loss function that includes L2 distortion and entropy regularization.The DARE-Q method is implemented as a compact DAREQuantLinear module which can be easily integrated into standard transformer pipelines without changing the inference logic or using specific kernels.The experimental analysis was conducted on the language models facebook/opt-125m and facebook/opt-350m,which contain approximately 125 and 350 million parameters.The quality of the models was assessed using the standard perplexity metric(PPL)computed on the wikitext-2-raw-v1 dataset.DARE-Q is completely data-free and does not require model retraining or calibration data,which makes it the only viable option in privacy-sensitive or confidential environments where access to the original training data is restricted—precisely the setting where methods such as GPTQ and AWQ cannot be applied.The observed increase in PPL relative to data-dependent baselines reflects this fundamental trade-off rather than a shortcoming of the approach.By leveraging per-channel scale selection and a combined loss function,DARE-Q provides a flexible trade-off between approximation accuracy and quantization error structure,creating an attractive algorithmic basis for further improvement of model compression methods.展开更多
We aim to clarify the confusion and inconsistency in our recent works(Luo et al 2023 Commun.Theor.Phys.75095702;Liang et al 2024 Phys.Rev.B 110075125),and to address the incompleteness therein.In order to avoid the il...We aim to clarify the confusion and inconsistency in our recent works(Luo et al 2023 Commun.Theor.Phys.75095702;Liang et al 2024 Phys.Rev.B 110075125),and to address the incompleteness therein.In order to avoid the ill-defined nature of the free propagator of the gauge field in the ordered states of the t-J model,we adopted a gauge fixing that was not of the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin(BRST)exact form in our previous work(Liang et al 2024 Phys.Rev.B 110075125).This led to the situation where Dirac's second-class constraints,namely,the slave particle number constraint and the Ioffe-Larkin current constraint,were not rigorously obeyed.Here we show that a consistent gauge fixing condition that enforces the exact constraints is BRST-exact in our theory.An example is the Lorenz gauge.On the other hand,we prove that although the free propagator of the gauge field in the Lorenz gauge is ill-defined,the full propagator is still well-defined.This implies that the strongly correlated t-J model can be exactly mapped to a perturbatively controllable theory within the slave particle representation.展开更多
In this paper, the extended affine Lie algebra sl2(Cq) is quantized from three different points of view, which produces three non-commutative and non-cocommutative Hopf algebra structures, and yields other three qua...In this paper, the extended affine Lie algebra sl2(Cq) is quantized from three different points of view, which produces three non-commutative and non-cocommutative Hopf algebra structures, and yields other three quantizations by an isomorphism of sl2 (Cq) correspondingly. Moreover, two of these quantizations can be restricted to the extended affine Lie algebra sl2(Cq).展开更多
Background:Long multi-channel ECG recordings that capture both time and space fluctuations are necessary for the accurate identification of atrial fibrillation(AF)in wearable or edge devices.These devices must use low...Background:Long multi-channel ECG recordings that capture both time and space fluctuations are necessary for the accurate identification of atrial fibrillation(AF)in wearable or edge devices.These devices must use low-power computing and effective,real-time compression to manage massive volumes of data.An energy-efficient AdderNet-based method for AF detection utilizing compressed multi-channel ECG signals was presented in this paper.Methods:A Lossless Multi-channel Adaptive Compression Engine(L-MACE)with training,spatial,and temporal compression units is proposed in order to control bandwidth and storage constraints.Instead of employing sophisticated predictors,it uses a basic Sum-Predictor(SP)and a minimum spanning tree to decrease inter-channel redundancy.Compression is made even easier with a Booth-Encoded Logarithmic Quantized(B-LQ)multiplier.In order to save resources,a Quantized AdderNet(Q-ANet)uses sum-of-absolute-differences(SAD)rather than multiply-accumulate to detect AF after compression.Memory use is decreased by an activation-guided quantization technique,while hardware and energy efficiency is increased with SP adders.Results:The proposed method offers an accuracy of 99.07%,a precision of 99.45%,a sensitivity of 99.33%,a specificity of 98.22%,and an F1 score of 99.39%.The proposed B-LQ multiplier achieves 316 LUT and 1.758 ns of latency,while the proposed SP adder achieves 40 LUT,74 IO,and 1.610 ns of delay.Conclusion:Overall,by combining hardware-optimized computation and compression-aware signal processing,the proposed architecture shows an incredibly efficient solution for real-time AF identification in edge and wearable devices.展开更多
We quantize the W-algebra W(2,2),whose Verma modules,Harish-Chandra modules,irreducible weight modules and Lie bialgebra structures have been investigated and determined in a series of papers recently.
In a previous paper,the author and his collaborator studied the problem of lifting Hamil-tonian group actions on symplectic varieties and Lagrangian subvarieties to their graded deformation quantizations and apply the...In a previous paper,the author and his collaborator studied the problem of lifting Hamil-tonian group actions on symplectic varieties and Lagrangian subvarieties to their graded deformation quantizations and apply the general results to coadjoint orbit method for semisimple Lie groups.Only even quantizations were considered there.In this paper,these results are generalized to the case of general quantizations with arbitrary periods.The key step is to introduce an enhanced version of the(truncated)period map defined by Bezrukavnikov and Kaledin for quantizations of any smooth sym-plectic variety X,with values in the space of Picard Lie algebroid over X.As an application,we study quantizations of nilpotent orbits of real semisimple groups satisfying certain codimension condition.展开更多
Vision Transformers(ViTs)have achieved remarkable success across various artificial intelligence-based computer vision applications.However,their demanding computational and memory requirements pose significant challe...Vision Transformers(ViTs)have achieved remarkable success across various artificial intelligence-based computer vision applications.However,their demanding computational and memory requirements pose significant challenges for de-ployment on resource-constrained edge devices.Although post-training quantization(PTQ)provides a promising solution by reducing model precision with minimal calibration data,aggressive low-bit quantization typically leads to substantial perfor-mance degradation.To address this challenge,we present the truncated uniform-log2 quantizer and progressive bit-decline reconstruction method for vision Transformer quantization(TP-ViT).It is an innovative PTQ framework specifically designed for ViTs,featuring two key technical contributions:(1)truncated uniform-log2 quantizer,a novel quantization approach which effectively handles outlier values in post-Softmax activations,significantly reducing quantization errors;(2)bit-decline optimiza-tion strategy,which employs transition weights to gradually reduce bit precision while maintaining model performance under extreme quantization conditions.Comprehensive experiments on image classification,object detection,and instance segmenta-tion tasks demonstrate TP-ViT’s superior performance compared to state-of-the-art PTQ methods,particularly in challenging 3-bit quantization scenarios.Our framework achieves a notable 6.18 percentage points improvement in top-1 accuracy for ViT-small under 3-bit quantization.These results validate TP-ViT’s robustness and general applicability,paving the way for more efficient deployment of ViT models in computer vision applications on edge hardware.展开更多
In this paper,a distributed Event-Triggered(ET)collision avoidance coordinated control for Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(QUAVs)is proposed based on Virtual Tubes(VTs)with flexible boundaries in the presence of un...In this paper,a distributed Event-Triggered(ET)collision avoidance coordinated control for Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(QUAVs)is proposed based on Virtual Tubes(VTs)with flexible boundaries in the presence of unknown external disturbances.Firstly,VTs are constructed for each QUAV,and the QUAV is restricted into the corresponding VT by the artificial potential field,which is distributed around the boundary of the VT.Thus,the collisions between QUAVs are avoided.Besides,the boundaries of the VTs are flexible by the modification signals,which are generated by the self-regulating auxiliary systems,to make the repulsive force smaller and give more buffer space for QUAVs without collision.Then,a novel ET mechanism is designed by introducing the concept of prediction to the traditional fixed threshold ET mechanism.Furthermore,a disturbance observer is proposed to deal with the adverse effects of the unknown external disturbance.On this basis,a distributed ET collision avoidance coordinated controller is proposed.Then,the proposed controller is quantized by the hysteresis uniform quantizer and then sent to the actuator only at the ET instants.The boundedness of the closed-loop signals is verified by the Lyapunov method.Finally,simulation and experimental results are performed to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed control method.展开更多
We consider a relativistic two-fluid model of superfluidity,in which the superfluid is described by an order parameter that is a complex scalar field satisfying the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation(NLKG).The coupling t...We consider a relativistic two-fluid model of superfluidity,in which the superfluid is described by an order parameter that is a complex scalar field satisfying the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation(NLKG).The coupling to the normal fluid is introduced via a covariant current-current interaction,which results in the addition of an effective potential,whose imaginary part describes particle transfer between superfluid and normal fluid.Quantized vorticity arises in a class of singular solutions and the related vortex dynamics is incorporated in the modified NLKG,facilitating numerical analysis which is usually very complicated in the phenomenology of vortex filaments.The dual transformation to a string theory description(Kalb-Ramond)of quantum vorticity,the Magnus force,and the mutual friction between quantized vortices and normal fluid are also studied.展开更多
The Internet of Things(IoT)technology provides data acquisition,transmission,and analysis to control rehabilitation robots,encompassing sensor data from the robots as well as lidar signals for trajectory planning(desi...The Internet of Things(IoT)technology provides data acquisition,transmission,and analysis to control rehabilitation robots,encompassing sensor data from the robots as well as lidar signals for trajectory planning(desired trajectory).In IoT rehabilitation robot systems,managing nonvanishing uncertainties and input quantization is crucial for precise and reliable control performance.These challenges can cause instability and reduced effectiveness,particularly in adaptive networked control.This paper investigates networked control with guaranteed performance for IoT rehabilitation robots under nonvanishing uncertainties and input quantization.First,input quantization is managed via a quantization-aware control design,ensur stability and minimizing tracking errors,even with discrete control inputs,to avoid chattering.Second,the method handles nonvanishing uncertainties by adjusting control parameters via real-time neural network adaptation,maintaining consistent performance despite persistent disturbances.Third,the control scheme guarantees the desired tracking performance within a specified time,with all signals in the closed-loop system remaining uniformly bounded,offering a robust,reliable solution for IoT rehabilitation robot control.The simulation verifies the benefits and efficacy of the proposed control strategy.展开更多
Quantization noise caused by analog-to-digital converter(ADC)gives rise to the reliability performance degradation of communication systems.In this paper,a quantized non-Hermitian symmetry(NHS)orthogonal frequency-div...Quantization noise caused by analog-to-digital converter(ADC)gives rise to the reliability performance degradation of communication systems.In this paper,a quantized non-Hermitian symmetry(NHS)orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing-based visible light communication(OFDM-VLC)system is presented.In order to analyze the effect of the resolution of ADC on NHS OFDM-VLC,a quantized mathematical model of NHS OFDM-VLC is established.Based on the proposed quantized model,a closed-form bit error rate(BER)expression is derived.The theoretical analysis and simulation results both confirm the effectiveness of the obtained BER formula in high-resolution ADC.In addition,channel coding is helpful in compensating for the BER performance loss due to the utilization of lower resolution ADC.展开更多
摘要It is well known that the representations over an arbitrary configuration space related to a physical system of the Heisenberg algebra allow to distinguish the simply and non simply-connected manifolds [arXiv:quant-ph/9908.014, arXiv:hep-th/0608.023]. In the light of this classification, the dynamics of a quantum particle on the line is studied in the framework of the conventional quantization scheme as well as that of the enhanced quantization recently introduced by J. R. Klauder [arXiv:quant-ph/1204.2870]. The quantum action functional restricted to the phase space coherent states is obtained from the enhanced quantization procedure, showing the coexistence of classical and quantum theories, a fundamental advantage offered by this new approach. The example of the one dimensional harmonic oscillator is given. Next, the spectrum of a free particle on the two-sphere is recognized from the covariant diffeomorphic representations of the momentum operator in the configuration space. Our results based on simple models also point out the already-known link between interaction and topology at quantum level.
摘要The paper is devoted to noncommutative formal geometry of a contractive quantum plane,whose spectrum is the union of two copies of the complex plane.It turns out that a formal completion of the Arens-Michael envelope of a contractive quantum plane results in a noncommutative analytic space,whose base topological space is the same spectrum,whereas the structure sheaf is obtained as a certain quantization of the related commutative analytic space.As the basic tool we use the fibered products of the Fréchet sheaves.The related topological homology problems are considered to find out a key link between the transversality relation of the noncommutative sections versus to a left Fréchet module,and noncommutative Taylor spectrum of the module.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62173079,62473203)Liaoning Provincial Science and Technology Plan Joint Program(2024-MSLH-019)+1 种基金the Education Department of Liaoning Province(LJKMZ20221840)Interdisciplinary project of Dalian University(DLUXK-2024-YB-004)。
摘要This paper investigates the platoon control of heterogeneous vehicular cyber-physical systems(VCPSs) subject to external disturbances by using neural network and uniformly quantized communication data.To reduce the adverse effects of quantization errors on system performance,a coupling sliding mode surface is established for each following vehicle.The radial basis function(RBF) neural networks are employed to approximate the unknown external disturbances.Then,a novel platoon control law is proposed for cooperative tracking in which each following vehicle only uses the uniformly quantized data of the neighboring vehicles.And the designed controllers in this paper are fully distributed due to the fact that the selection of each vehicle's controller parameters is independent of the entire communication topology.The string stability of VCPSs in the entire control process is ensured rather than only ensuring the string stability after the sliding mode surface converges to zero.Compared with the existing controller design methods and quantization mechanisms,the neural adaptive sliding-mode platoon controller proposed in this paper is superior in performances including tracking errors,driving comfort and fuel economy.Numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the designed control strategy.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12461054)the Science and Technology Key Foundation of Guizhou Province,China(Grant No.2025089)。
摘要Building on the existing symmetric quantization model of the dynamic Cournot duopoly game(CDG)with asymmetric information,we extend it to an asymmetric quantization model and study the stability of the quantum Bayesian Nash equilibrium(QBNE)under heterogeneous expectations.We analyze the influence of various parameters on the stability of QBNE,with a particular focus on the impact of the parameter α on system stability.The results show that when α1,the quantum strategy of the symmetric quantization model is more conducive to stabilizing the market.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12522411,12304049,and 12474240 for H.W.,92265203 and 12488101 for K.C.)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.XDB28000000 and XDB0460000 for K.C.)+1 种基金the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2024ZD0300104 for K.C.)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(for H.W.)。
摘要We present the geodesic nature and quantization of geometric shift vector in quantum systems,with the parameter space defined by the Bloch momentum,using the Wilson loop approach.Our analysis extends to include bosonic phonon drag shift vectors with non-vertical transitions.We demonstrate that the gauge invariant shift vector can be quantized as integer values,analogous to the Euler characteristic based on the Gauss-Bonnet theorem for a manifold with a smooth boundary.We reveal intricate relationships among geometric quantities such as the shift vector,Berry curvature,and quantum metric.Our findings demonstrate that the loop integral of the shift vector in the quantized interband formula contributes to the non-quantized component of the trace of conductivity in the circular photogalvanic effect.The Wilson loop method facilitates first-principles calculations,providing insights in the geometric underpinnings of these interband gauge invariant quantities and shedding light on their nonlinear optical manifestations in real materials.
基金supported by a grant of the Ministry of Research,Innovation and Digitization,CNCS/CCCDI-UEFISCDI,project number COFUND-DUT-OPEN4CEC-1,within PNCDI Ⅳfunded by UEFISCDI under the Driving Urban Transitions Partnership,which has been co-funded by the European Commission.
摘要Quantization has emerged as an important technique for enabling efficient deployment of large language models(LLMs)by reducing their memory and computational requirements.This research conducts an evaluation of INT8 quantization on several state-of-the-art LLMs,GPT-2,LLaMA-2-7B-Chat and Qwen1.5-1.8B-Chat,across two hardware configurations:NVIDIA RTX4070 Laptop GPU and RTX4080 Laptop GPU and two tasks:text and code generation.By comparing quantized INT8 models with their FP16 counterparts and a human-written reference,we quantify the trade-offs between performance and efficiency using standard natural language generation metrics(BLEU,ROUGE-1,ROUGE-L)and semantic analysis via GPT-4o and Gemini 2.5 Flash(Google).The results reveal that INT8 post-training quantization(PTQ),hereafter referred to as INT8,substantially reduces inference time and memory footprint,with minimal impact on topical relevance but a notable decline in lexical precision,fluency and structural coherence.The extent of quality degradation varies by model size and architecture,with smaller models demonstrating greater resilience to quantization.Furthermore,we identify several limitations in quantized outputs,including reduced expressiveness,while highlighting their suitability for resource-constrained or real-time applications,such as robots monitoring safety standards in manufacturing environments.On average,INT8 quantization results in a 3.4 times speedup over FP16 inference across all tested models and GPUs(excluding configurations affected by CPU offloading),with the largest gains observed in large models like LLaMA-2-7B-Chat.The results also indicate that structured code generation exhibits slightly greater sensitivity to INT8 quantization compared to explanatory text generation.
摘要We perform the manifestly covariant quantization of f(R)gravity in the de Donder gauge condition(or harmonic gauge condition)for general coordinate invariance.We explicitly calculate various equal-time commutation relations(ETCRs),in particular the ETCR between the metric and its time derivative,and show that it has a nonvanishing and nontrivial expression,whose situation should be contrasted to the previous result in higher-derivative or quadratic gravity where the ETCR was found to be identically vanishing.We also clarify global symmetries,the physical content of f(R)gravity,and clearly show that this theory is manifestly unitary and has a massive scalar and massless graviton as physical modes.
摘要This paper introduces MobiIris,a lightweight deep network for mobile iris recognition that enhances attention and specifically addresses the balance between accuracy and efficiency on devices with limited resources.The proposed model is based on the large version of MobileNetV3 and adds more spatial attention blocks and an embedding-based head that was trained using margin-based triplet learning,enabling fine-grained modeling of iris textures in a compact representation.To further improve discriminability,we design a training pipeline that combines dynamic-margin triplet loss,a staged hard/semi-hard negative mining strategy,and feature-level knowledge distillation from a ResNet-50 teacher.Finally,we investigate the use of post-training float16 quantization to reduce memory footprint and latency for deployment on mobile hardware.Experiments on the challenging CASIA-IrisV4-Thousand dataset show that the full-precision MobiIris model requires only 12 MB of storage and 27 ms inference latency,while achieving an EER of 1.409%,VR@FAR=1%of 98.184%,and CMC@1 of 94.785%,closely matching a ResNet-50 baseline that is more than 7×larger and slower.Under post-training quantization,the model shrinks to 5.94 MB with 13 ms latency and maintains a competitive balance between accuracy and efficiency compared to other optimized variants.These results demonstrate that a coherent combination of lightweight architecture design,attention mechanisms,metric-learning objectives,hard negative mining,and knowledge distillation yields a practical iris recognition solution suitable for secure,real-time authentication on mobile and embedded platforms.
摘要The proliferation of Internet of Things(IoT)devices has introduced unprecedented security challenges,necessitating efficient intrusion detection systems(IDS)capable of operating under severe resource constraints.This research presents a hardware-informed empirical study of quantized neural-network-based intrusion detection for resource-constrained IoT platforms,using an ARM Cortex-M4 deployment target as a reference.We evaluate FP32,FP16,and INT8 TensorFlow Lite model variants derived from a lightweight 1D-CNN and assess their trade-offs in clean-data accuracy,model size,estimated inference latency,estimated energy consumption,and adversarial robustness.INT8-quantized model achieves 99.10%accuracy on clean data while maintaining 97.50%adversarial accuracy under Projected Gradient Descent(PGD)attacks with perturbation budget=0.3.The quantized model achieves 12.0×latency reduction(0.083 vs.0.995 ms)and 92.7%energy reduction(0.0083 vs.0.1135 mJ)when compared to FP32.The memory footprint of the model is reduced by 55.7%from 58.02 to 25.72 KB.Our comprehensive analysis includes confusion matrices,ROC curves(AUC=0.9964 for INT8),adversarial robustness heatmaps,and statistical significance testing via McNemar’s test.The results establish INT8 quantization as a viable solution for deploying robust IDS on resource-constrained IoT devices,achieving practical deployment feasibility without reducing detection performance.
基金supported by grant No.25-71-10012 from the Russian Science Foundation,http://gffzz5363282ec1d94f2ds99wnqk0p9p9p6bkc.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/project/25-71-10012/.
摘要We introduce the DARE-Q(Distribution-Aware Residual Entropy Quantization)method—a post-training quantization method for neural network weights designed to reduce bit-width with minimal degradation of model quality.Unlike traditional approaches that solely optimize the mean squared error of weight approximation,DARE-Q additionally considers the entropy of the quantization residual,allowing for control over the statistical properties of the resulting error.The method is based on channel-wise symmetric uniform quantization with scaling based on a combined loss function that includes L2 distortion and entropy regularization.The DARE-Q method is implemented as a compact DAREQuantLinear module which can be easily integrated into standard transformer pipelines without changing the inference logic or using specific kernels.The experimental analysis was conducted on the language models facebook/opt-125m and facebook/opt-350m,which contain approximately 125 and 350 million parameters.The quality of the models was assessed using the standard perplexity metric(PPL)computed on the wikitext-2-raw-v1 dataset.DARE-Q is completely data-free and does not require model retraining or calibration data,which makes it the only viable option in privacy-sensitive or confidential environments where access to the original training data is restricted—precisely the setting where methods such as GPTQ and AWQ cannot be applied.The observed increase in PPL relative to data-dependent baselines reflects this fundamental trade-off rather than a shortcoming of the approach.By leveraging per-channel scale selection and a combined loss function,DARE-Q provides a flexible trade-off between approximation accuracy and quantization error structure,creating an attractive algorithmic basis for further improvement of model compression methods.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China with Grants No.12174067(X.L.and Y.Y.),No.12204329(L.L.),No.12135018(T.S.),and No.12047503(T.S.)supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China with Grant No.2021YFA0718304by CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research with Grant No.YSBR-057。
摘要We aim to clarify the confusion and inconsistency in our recent works(Luo et al 2023 Commun.Theor.Phys.75095702;Liang et al 2024 Phys.Rev.B 110075125),and to address the incompleteness therein.In order to avoid the ill-defined nature of the free propagator of the gauge field in the ordered states of the t-J model,we adopted a gauge fixing that was not of the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin(BRST)exact form in our previous work(Liang et al 2024 Phys.Rev.B 110075125).This led to the situation where Dirac's second-class constraints,namely,the slave particle number constraint and the Ioffe-Larkin current constraint,were not rigorously obeyed.Here we show that a consistent gauge fixing condition that enforces the exact constraints is BRST-exact in our theory.An example is the Lorenz gauge.On the other hand,we prove that although the free propagator of the gauge field in the Lorenz gauge is ill-defined,the full propagator is still well-defined.This implies that the strongly correlated t-J model can be exactly mapped to a perturbatively controllable theory within the slave particle representation.
摘要In this paper, the extended affine Lie algebra sl2(Cq) is quantized from three different points of view, which produces three non-commutative and non-cocommutative Hopf algebra structures, and yields other three quantizations by an isomorphism of sl2 (Cq) correspondingly. Moreover, two of these quantizations can be restricted to the extended affine Lie algebra sl2(Cq).
摘要Background:Long multi-channel ECG recordings that capture both time and space fluctuations are necessary for the accurate identification of atrial fibrillation(AF)in wearable or edge devices.These devices must use low-power computing and effective,real-time compression to manage massive volumes of data.An energy-efficient AdderNet-based method for AF detection utilizing compressed multi-channel ECG signals was presented in this paper.Methods:A Lossless Multi-channel Adaptive Compression Engine(L-MACE)with training,spatial,and temporal compression units is proposed in order to control bandwidth and storage constraints.Instead of employing sophisticated predictors,it uses a basic Sum-Predictor(SP)and a minimum spanning tree to decrease inter-channel redundancy.Compression is made even easier with a Booth-Encoded Logarithmic Quantized(B-LQ)multiplier.In order to save resources,a Quantized AdderNet(Q-ANet)uses sum-of-absolute-differences(SAD)rather than multiply-accumulate to detect AF after compression.Memory use is decreased by an activation-guided quantization technique,while hardware and energy efficiency is increased with SP adders.Results:The proposed method offers an accuracy of 99.07%,a precision of 99.45%,a sensitivity of 99.33%,a specificity of 98.22%,and an F1 score of 99.39%.The proposed B-LQ multiplier achieves 316 LUT and 1.758 ns of latency,while the proposed SP adder achieves 40 LUT,74 IO,and 1.610 ns of delay.Conclusion:Overall,by combining hardware-optimized computation and compression-aware signal processing,the proposed architecture shows an incredibly efficient solution for real-time AF identification in edge and wearable devices.
基金Supported by NSF'of China(Grant Nos.10825101,10926166)Special Grade of the Financial Support from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.201003326)the Natural Science Research Project for Higher Institutions of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.09KJB110001)
摘要We quantize the W-algebra W(2,2),whose Verma modules,Harish-Chandra modules,irreducible weight modules and Lie bialgebra structures have been investigated and determined in a series of papers recently.
基金Supported by China NSFC grants(Grant Nos.12001453 and 12131018)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.20720200067 and 20720200071)。
摘要In a previous paper,the author and his collaborator studied the problem of lifting Hamil-tonian group actions on symplectic varieties and Lagrangian subvarieties to their graded deformation quantizations and apply the general results to coadjoint orbit method for semisimple Lie groups.Only even quantizations were considered there.In this paper,these results are generalized to the case of general quantizations with arbitrary periods.The key step is to introduce an enhanced version of the(truncated)period map defined by Bezrukavnikov and Kaledin for quantizations of any smooth sym-plectic variety X,with values in the space of Picard Lie algebroid over X.As an application,we study quantizations of nilpotent orbits of real semisimple groups satisfying certain codimension condition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62301092 and 62301093).
摘要Vision Transformers(ViTs)have achieved remarkable success across various artificial intelligence-based computer vision applications.However,their demanding computational and memory requirements pose significant challenges for de-ployment on resource-constrained edge devices.Although post-training quantization(PTQ)provides a promising solution by reducing model precision with minimal calibration data,aggressive low-bit quantization typically leads to substantial perfor-mance degradation.To address this challenge,we present the truncated uniform-log2 quantizer and progressive bit-decline reconstruction method for vision Transformer quantization(TP-ViT).It is an innovative PTQ framework specifically designed for ViTs,featuring two key technical contributions:(1)truncated uniform-log2 quantizer,a novel quantization approach which effectively handles outlier values in post-Softmax activations,significantly reducing quantization errors;(2)bit-decline optimiza-tion strategy,which employs transition weights to gradually reduce bit precision while maintaining model performance under extreme quantization conditions.Comprehensive experiments on image classification,object detection,and instance segmenta-tion tasks demonstrate TP-ViT’s superior performance compared to state-of-the-art PTQ methods,particularly in challenging 3-bit quantization scenarios.Our framework achieves a notable 6.18 percentage points improvement in top-1 accuracy for ViT-small under 3-bit quantization.These results validate TP-ViT’s robustness and general applicability,paving the way for more efficient deployment of ViT models in computer vision applications on edge hardware.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB4704400)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23B2036,U2013201).
摘要In this paper,a distributed Event-Triggered(ET)collision avoidance coordinated control for Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(QUAVs)is proposed based on Virtual Tubes(VTs)with flexible boundaries in the presence of unknown external disturbances.Firstly,VTs are constructed for each QUAV,and the QUAV is restricted into the corresponding VT by the artificial potential field,which is distributed around the boundary of the VT.Thus,the collisions between QUAVs are avoided.Besides,the boundaries of the VTs are flexible by the modification signals,which are generated by the self-regulating auxiliary systems,to make the repulsive force smaller and give more buffer space for QUAVs without collision.Then,a novel ET mechanism is designed by introducing the concept of prediction to the traditional fixed threshold ET mechanism.Furthermore,a disturbance observer is proposed to deal with the adverse effects of the unknown external disturbance.On this basis,a distributed ET collision avoidance coordinated controller is proposed.Then,the proposed controller is quantized by the hysteresis uniform quantizer and then sent to the actuator only at the ET instants.The boundedness of the closed-loop signals is verified by the Lyapunov method.Finally,simulation and experimental results are performed to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed control method.
摘要We consider a relativistic two-fluid model of superfluidity,in which the superfluid is described by an order parameter that is a complex scalar field satisfying the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation(NLKG).The coupling to the normal fluid is introduced via a covariant current-current interaction,which results in the addition of an effective potential,whose imaginary part describes particle transfer between superfluid and normal fluid.Quantized vorticity arises in a class of singular solutions and the related vortex dynamics is incorporated in the modified NLKG,facilitating numerical analysis which is usually very complicated in the phenomenology of vortex filaments.The dual transformation to a string theory description(Kalb-Ramond)of quantum vorticity,the Magnus force,and the mutual friction between quantized vortices and normal fluid are also studied.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62302475in part by the Research Funds of Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM under Grant 2023IHM01081 and 2023IHM01085+1 种基金in part by the Hefei Municipal Natural Science Foundation under Grant 202328partly by the Anhui Science and Technology Innovation Tackling Plan Project under Grant 202423k09020044。
摘要The Internet of Things(IoT)technology provides data acquisition,transmission,and analysis to control rehabilitation robots,encompassing sensor data from the robots as well as lidar signals for trajectory planning(desired trajectory).In IoT rehabilitation robot systems,managing nonvanishing uncertainties and input quantization is crucial for precise and reliable control performance.These challenges can cause instability and reduced effectiveness,particularly in adaptive networked control.This paper investigates networked control with guaranteed performance for IoT rehabilitation robots under nonvanishing uncertainties and input quantization.First,input quantization is managed via a quantization-aware control design,ensur stability and minimizing tracking errors,even with discrete control inputs,to avoid chattering.Second,the method handles nonvanishing uncertainties by adjusting control parameters via real-time neural network adaptation,maintaining consistent performance despite persistent disturbances.Third,the control scheme guarantees the desired tracking performance within a specified time,with all signals in the closed-loop system remaining uniformly bounded,offering a robust,reliable solution for IoT rehabilitation robot control.The simulation verifies the benefits and efficacy of the proposed control strategy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62201508)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.LZ21F010001 and LQ23F010004)the State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves of Southeast University,China(No.K202212).
摘要Quantization noise caused by analog-to-digital converter(ADC)gives rise to the reliability performance degradation of communication systems.In this paper,a quantized non-Hermitian symmetry(NHS)orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing-based visible light communication(OFDM-VLC)system is presented.In order to analyze the effect of the resolution of ADC on NHS OFDM-VLC,a quantized mathematical model of NHS OFDM-VLC is established.Based on the proposed quantized model,a closed-form bit error rate(BER)expression is derived.The theoretical analysis and simulation results both confirm the effectiveness of the obtained BER formula in high-resolution ADC.In addition,channel coding is helpful in compensating for the BER performance loss due to the utilization of lower resolution ADC.