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Artificial intelligence-based mucosa touch rate:A novel real-time quality control indicator for colonoscopy 认领 引用
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作者 Wen Chen Meng Wu +8 位作者 Heng-Yu Wang Hong-Bo Wu Jie Li Yu-Hao Sun Fang Huang Min Gao Zhi-Hang Zhong Yan-Min Wu Lei Chen 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2026年第27期52-64,共13页
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of colonoscopy is highly operator dependent,but existing quality indicators are retrospective and cannot guide performance in real time.AIM To develop an artificial intelligence(AI)-based ... BACKGROUND The effectiveness of colonoscopy is highly operator dependent,but existing quality indicators are retrospective and cannot guide performance in real time.AIM To develop an artificial intelligence(AI)-based mucosa touch rate(MTR)as a novel real-time quality metric for mucosal contact-induced>2/3 visual field loss frame proportion.METHODS An EfficientNet-B2 model was trained on 11793 images to identify mucosa touch.The correlation between MTR and polyp detection rate(PDR)was analyzed using 162 procedural videos.A prospective,single-blind trial enrolled 2866 patients:1366 with AI-assisted real-time MTR feedback and 1500 controls.RESULTS The AI model showed high accuracy for mucosa touch(100%)and ileocecal recognition(99.03%),with an area under the curve of 0.97.MTR was strongly negatively correlated with PDR(r=-0.948,P<0.01).The AI-assisted group had a significantly higher PDR than controls(51.17%vs 40.07%,P<0.001).Low-seniority endoscopists benefited most,with a 19.90%PDR increase(36.27% to 56.17%,P<0.001).CONCLUSION The AI-based MTR is accurate and reliable,its real-time feedback improves colonoscopy quality for less experienced endoscopists and enables coaching and skill standardization. 展开更多
关键词 Colonoscopy Artificial intelligence Mucosa touch rate Polyp detection rate Adenoma detection rate
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Combined effects of prestress, loading rate, and plastic properties on deformation and energy absorption of HSHT steel rock bolts 认领 引用
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作者 Ding Wang Manchao He +4 位作者 Xuchun Wang Mingxuan Cao Zuzheng Qian Jiong Wang Xi Zhang 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第6期4681-4701,共21页
In deep underground engineering,rock bolt performance depends on complex interactions between installation and loading conditions–such as prestress from pre-tensioning and rock loading rate–and plastic properties of... In deep underground engineering,rock bolt performance depends on complex interactions between installation and loading conditions–such as prestress from pre-tensioning and rock loading rate–and plastic properties of high-strength and high-toughness(HSHT)steels,including yield strength and strain hardening rate(SHR).The present study addresses the insufficient understanding of these interactions by employing an advanced multi-scale crystal plasticity(CP)model that integrates field monitoring data from the Muzhailing highway tunnel in China.This model is used to elucidate the deformation and energy absorption behaviors of two HSHT steel variants–near-persistent reduced-hardening(NPR)steels and twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP)steels–under variable rock loading scenarios.The CP model captures microstructural mechanisms,such as dislocation slip and deformation twinning,revealing that the effective energy absorption rate(EAR)and deformation stability are primarily governed by the rock loading rate,whereas effective strain and energy absorption density(EAD)are significantly influenced by yield strength and average SHR.It is found that EAR is enhanced,yet EAD is reduced,by the pre-tensioning process,with effects being more pronounced in steels exhibiting lower yield strength.At rock loading rates exceeding 10−2MPa/s,elevated prestress triggers deformation relaxation and pronounced fluctuations.Compared to TWIP steels,NPR steels are demonstrated to achieve larger,more stable deformations and superior energy absorption due to their persistently low hardening rate.These insights bridge geotechnical engineering and materials science,offering a theoretical framework and technical guidance for designing advanced rock support systems in deep underground applications. 展开更多
关键词 Rock bolt High-strength and high-toughness(HSHT)steel Prestress Strain hardening rate(SHR) Rock loading rate Deformation performance Energy absorption
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Enhanced low dose rate sensitivity and pre-irradiation elevated-temperature stress effects in bipolar devices:role of hydrogen in the passivation layer 认领 引用
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作者 Shilong Gou Wuying Ma +3 位作者 Zhibin Yao Zujun Wang Jiangkun Sheng Yuanyuan Xue 《Journal of Semiconductors》 EI CAS CSCD 2026年第4期77-85,共9页
Enhanced low dose rate sensitivity(ELDRS)experiments were carried out on four commercial bipolar integrated circuits at dose rates ranging from 0.002 to 50 rad(Si)/s.Additionally,pre-irradiation elevated-temperature s... Enhanced low dose rate sensitivity(ELDRS)experiments were carried out on four commercial bipolar integrated circuits at dose rates ranging from 0.002 to 50 rad(Si)/s.Additionally,pre-irradiation elevated-temperature stress(PETS)experiments were conducted on the same devices at temperatures of 250 and 400℃.The results show that for some devices,the radiation degradation when irradiated at an ultra-low dose rate of 0.002 rad(Si)/s is more than three times greater than that at a common low dose rate of 0.01 rad(Si)/s.Moreover,the maximum enhancement factor of the PETS effects reaches 20.3.It was also discovered that for devices exhibiting PETS effects,the saturation dose rate of ELDRS is less than 0.01 rad(Si)/s.A comprehensive analysis of the composition of the passivation layers indicated that the type and concentration of hydrogen bonds in these layers are the main factors contributing to the experimental outcomes. 展开更多
关键词 bipolar integrated circuits passivation layers enhanced low dose rate sensitivity pre-irradiation elevated-temperature stress
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Dynamic accumulation of gas hydrates in the Shenhu area,northern South China Sea:A two-stage evolution model constrained by temporally varying fluid flow 认领 引用
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作者 Zheng Su Yi‑fan Wu Neng‑you Wu 《China Geology》 CAS CSCD 2026年第3期456-467,共12页
Gas hydrates occurring within the Pleistocene sediments of the Shenhu area,South China Sea,represent a dynamically evolving accumulation inherited from an“ancient”hydrate system.A hydrate-enriched layer with a maxim... Gas hydrates occurring within the Pleistocene sediments of the Shenhu area,South China Sea,represent a dynamically evolving accumulation inherited from an“ancient”hydrate system.A hydrate-enriched layer with a maximum saturation of 48%is present near the base of the current gas-hydrate stability zone(GHSZ),above which hydrate saturation rapidly declines to nearly zero.This sharp transition cannot be explained by the previously estimated slow and nearly constant aqueous flow rate for the Pleistocene sediments.Geological evidence indicates that a substantial reduction in fluid flow occurred during the Early Pleistocene.To explore this process,the authors develop a coupled fluid–heat flow numerical model to simulate the dynamic evolution of the Shenhu hydrate system under temporally varying water-flow conditions.The model incorporates both the burial of“ancient”hydrates through sedimentation and the formation of“new”hydrates in younger deposits.Simulations with time-dependent flow rates can successfully reproduce the observed hydrate distribution in the Shenhu area.Under present sedimentation and fluid-flow conditions,the burial and dissociation of“ancient”hydrates beneath the GHSZ greatly outpace the formation of“new”hydrates within it,resulting in a continuous decline in the total hydrate inventory over time.These findings offer new insights into the long-term evolution of natural hydrate systems and have important implications for in-situ hydrate resource assessment. 展开更多
关键词 Gas hydrate Combustible ice Clean energy Shenhu area Pleistocene sediments Water flow rate Sedimentation rate Tectonic activity Numerical modeling
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A bio-healing method for underground long rock fractures with high bridging rate 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Qi-Chen Dai Xiao-Hua Pan +1 位作者 Chao-Sheng Tang Bin Shi 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第2期1359-1367,共9页
One of the key challenges for underground rock reservoirs is ensuring prevention of the unwanted fluid leakage through rock fracture networks during their service life.Microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation... One of the key challenges for underground rock reservoirs is ensuring prevention of the unwanted fluid leakage through rock fracture networks during their service life.Microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation(MICP)technology has emerged as a promising bio-healing method for rock fractures with small apertures.In this study,a new“three-stage”injection strategy-based MICP(TS-MICP)bio-healing method was proposed,aiming to achieve a“three-high”performance that includes high bridging rate,high mechanical strength,and high homogeneity.A series of meter-scale rock fracture models were prepared to conduct TS-MICP grouting tests.Compared with the traditional injection strategy-based biohealing methods,the TS-MICP method significantly improved the bridging rate(32.1%e89.5%),mechanical properties(0.138e1.023 MPa),and homogeneity of CaCO3precipitation(334.4%).Additionally,it achieved a higher material utilization rate(1.72 times higher),reducing the consumption of cementation solution(CS)by 258.8%,thereby demonstrating greater potential for field applications.The underlying mechanism for achieving high bridging rate and high homogeneity in CaCO3precipitation can be attributed to the synergistic effects of the coupling injection strategy,which optimizes the advantages at each stage.In stage I,under the influence of gravity,the rapid flocculation and hydrogen bonding interactions of organic matter lead to formation of the dense and high-strength CaCO3precipitation at the bottom using a low-concentration bacterial suspension(BS).This process establishes bridging steps along the wall sides for subsequent uniform CaCO3precipitation.In stage II,concentrated BS is utilized to produce looser CaCO3flocculation,which precipitates uniformly on the pre-existing bridging steps.In stage III,a two-step injection strategy was employed to reinforce the loose CaCO3crystals formed in stages I and II,and finally forms a strong bridging effect with“three-high”performance. 展开更多
关键词 Microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation(MICP)healing Meter-scale fracture Three-stage injection strategy High bridging rate
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Impact of sedation on adenoma and polyp detection rates and cecal intubation in elderly patients undergoing screening colonoscopy 认领 引用
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作者 Vedran Tomasic Petra Caćić +6 位作者 Irma Siranovic Pongrac Stipe Pelajić Neven Barsic Andrea Arefijev Ivan Lerotic Ante Blazevic Alen Bišćanin 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics》 2026年第1期116-131,共16页
BACKGROUND Increasing age is a major risk factor for colorectal neoplasia,with older adults showing a higher incidence of adenomas compared to individuals under 60 years.Early detection of colonic adenomas and polyps ... BACKGROUND Increasing age is a major risk factor for colorectal neoplasia,with older adults showing a higher incidence of adenomas compared to individuals under 60 years.Early detection of colonic adenomas and polyps significantly reduces the risk of colorectal cancer.Key quality indicators for colonoscopy include the adenoma detection rate(ADR),polyp detection rate(PDR),and cecal intubation rate(CIR).However,studies comparing these metrics in elderly patients deeply sedated with propofol vs those undergoing colonoscopy without sedation show mixed results.AIM To evaluate deep propofol sedation vs no sedation impact on ADR,PDR,and CIR in elderly patients undergoing screening colonoscopy.METHODS This retrospective cohort study included adults over 60 years who underwent their first screening colonoscopy between January 2017 and September 2023.Exclusion criteria were emergency procedures,inflammatory bowel disease,procedures performed for therapeutic intent,and inadequate bowel preparation[Boston Bowel Preparation Scale(BBPS)score below 6].Normality was tested by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test;continuous variables were compared by the Mann-Whitney U test,categorical variables using theχ2 or Fisher’s exact test.Binary logistic regression identified significant outcome predictors.RESULTS A total of 2034 patients(46.4%female;mean age:70 years)were included,of whom 622(30.6%)underwent colonoscopy under deep sedation.The overall PDR was 51.65%,ADR was 33.3%,and CIR was 94.25%.After adjusting for confounders[age,sex,body mass index(BMI),BBPS,operation,and diverticulosis],no significant differences were observed in PDR(51.8%vs 51.5%),ADR(33.5%vs 32.5%),or CIR(93.2%vs 95.3%)between the nosedation and deep-sedation groups.Higher BMI(B=0.96,P<0.01)and male sex(B=0.64,P<0.01)were independent predictors of higher ADR.CONCLUSION In this elderly cohort,propofol-induced deep sedation did not significantly improve ADR,PDR,or CIR.Further research is warranted to clarify its effect on colonoscopy quality metrics in older populations. 展开更多
关键词 Screening colonoscopy Elderly Sedation Propofol sedation Adenoma detection rate Polyp detection rate Cecal intubation rate Colorectal carcinoma Obesity
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Mechanical response and deformation mechanism of Zr-Ti-Nb-Ta-Al refractory high-entropy alloy under the synergistic effects of temperature and strain rate 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Zhanxuan Wang Yongkang Zhou +7 位作者 Heling Zheng Mingyang Wang Xintian Li Xiancheng Li Zhengkun Li Zhonghua Du Lizhi Xu Zhengwang Zhu 《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第1期65-79,共15页
This study synthesized a high-strength Zr42Ti15Nb20Ta20Al3(at.%)refractory high-entropy alloy(RHEA)via vacuum induction melting.The mechanical behavior of the Zr42Ti15Nb_(2 n)Ta_(2 n)Al3RHEA wa... This study synthesized a high-strength Zr42Ti15Nb20Ta20Al3(at.%)refractory high-entropy alloy(RHEA)via vacuum induction melting.The mechanical behavior of the Zr42Ti15Nb_(2 n)Ta_(2 n)Al3RHEA was systematically investigated through a universal testing machine and split Hopkinson pressure bar system at strain rates up to 5100 s−1,and the temperature change is from 193 K to 673 K.By integrating theoretical derivation and microstructural characterization,we examined the mechanical behavior and deformation mechanisms of the Zr42Ti15Nb_(2 n)Ta_(2 n)Al3RHEA under the synergistic effects of temperature and strain rate.The results demonstrate that the Zr42Ti15Nb_(2 n)Ta_(2 n)Al3RHEA exhibits a significant positive strain rate effect.The dominant deformation mechanism changes with increasing strain rate:cross-slip→localized shear→adiabatic shear.When the strain rate reaches 5100 s−1,the yield strength increases from 1151 MPa to 2112 MPa,and an adiabatic shear band forms.Simultaneously,the microstructure undergoes severe localized deformation,dominated by shear bands,and dynamic recrystallization(DRX)is activated to counteract the deformation.At 193 K,the yield strength is 2241 MPa.Kink bands have appeared,enhancing the ductility of RHEA:the yield strength and the temperature sensitivity coefficient decrease with increasing temperature.However,as the temperature increases,atomic mobility is enhanced,which promotes grain boundary sliding and migration,activating DRX,and effectively mitigating shear localization.This study deepens our understanding of the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of the Zr42Ti15Nb20Ta20Al3RHEA.It reveals the microstructure evolution process of the alloy under different strain rates,the synergistic effect of strain rate and temperature,and the influence of strain rate and temperature on the deformation mechanisms of the material.This research lays a theoretical foundation for applying the Zr42Ti15Nb20Ta20Al3RHEA in extreme environments. 展开更多
关键词 Refractory high entropy alloy Temperature effect Strain rate Mechanical properties Deformation mechanism
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Multi-scale quantitative study on cemented tailings and waste-rock backfill under different loading rates 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 YIN Sheng-hua CHEN Jun-wei +4 位作者 YAN Ze-peng ZENG Jia-lu ZHOU Yun YANG Jian ZHANG Fu-shun 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第1期357-374,共18页
The development of metallic mineral resources generates a significant amount of solid waste,such as tailings and waste rock.Cemented tailings and waste-rock backfill(CTWB)is an effective method for managing and dispos... The development of metallic mineral resources generates a significant amount of solid waste,such as tailings and waste rock.Cemented tailings and waste-rock backfill(CTWB)is an effective method for managing and disposing of this mining waste.This study employs a macro-meso-micro testing method to investigate the effects of the waste rock grading index(WGI)and loading rate(LR)on the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS),pore structure,and micromorphology of CTWB materials.Pore structures were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP).The particles(pores)and cracks analysis system(PCAS)software was used to quantitatively characterize the multi-scale micropores in the SEM images.The key findings indicate that the macroscopic results(UCS)of CTWB materials correspond to the microscopic results(pore structure and micromorphology).Changes in porosity largely depend on the conditions of waste rock grading index and loading rate.The inclusion of waste rock initially increases and then decreases the UCS,while porosity first decreases and then increases,with a critical waste rock grading index of 0.6.As the loading rate increases,UCS initially rises and then falls,while porosity gradually increases.Based on MIP and SEM results,at waste rock grading index 0.6,the most probable pore diameters,total pore area(TPA),pore number(PN),maximum pore area(MPA),and area probability distribution index(APDI)are minimized,while average pore form factor(APF)and fractal dimension of pore porosity distribution(FDPD)are maximized,indicating the most compact pore structure.At a loading rate of 12.0 mm/min,the most probable pore diameters,TPA,PN,MPA,APF,and APDI reach their maximum values,while FDPD reaches its minimum value.Finally,the mechanism of CTWB materials during compression is analyzed,based on the quantitative results of UCS and porosity.The research findings play a crucial role in ensuring the successful application of CTWB materials in deep metal mines. 展开更多
关键词 cemented backfill waste rock loading rate multi-scale analysis mercury intrusion porosimetry pore structure micromorphology
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“Win-Win”Structural Engineering of Chinese Herb Residues-Derived Porous Graphitic Carbons:Decoupling the Porosity-Graphitization Antagonism for Ultrahigh-Rate Supercapacitors 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Chuixiong Kong Tingmin Di +3 位作者 Geming Wang Quanrong Deng Yuan Gao Shenggao Wang 《Energy & Environmental Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第2期392-404,共13页
The antagonism between porosity and graphitization critically limits carbon supercapacitor performance.Here,we demonstrate a structural engineering strategy that converts Sargentodoxa Cuneata residue(SCR)into hierarch... The antagonism between porosity and graphitization critically limits carbon supercapacitor performance.Here,we demonstrate a structural engineering strategy that converts Sargentodoxa Cuneata residue(SCR)into hierarchically porous graphitic carbons(SCR-HPCs).By precisely regulating biomass precursor porous architecture,this methodology decouples the antagonism between porosity development and graphitization progression in KOH-mediated activation,achieving simultaneous high specific surface area(2465.1 m2 g-1)and graphitization(ID/IG of 0.73).In 6 M KOH electrolyte,the specific capacitance of the optimized SCR-HPC-900 electrode reaches 415.6 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1,with a capacitance retention of 75.1%even at an ultra-high current density of 200 A g-1.The fabricated symmetric supercapacitor achieves an energy density of 8.5 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 37803 W kg-1,retaining over 100.8%of its capacitance after 100000 cycles.Remarkably,in 1 M TEABF4/PC organic electrolyte,the supercapacitor achieves maximum energy and power densities of 45.6 Wh kg-1 and 41750 W kg-1,respectively.This study presents an effective methodology for decoupling the antagonism between porosity and graphitization in conventional processes,offering a new idea for converting biomass waste into high-performance energy storage materials. 展开更多
关键词 biomass high rate performance KOH activation porous graphitic carbon supercapacitors
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An analytical equation for predicting corrosion rates of biodegradable Zn-0.45Mn-0.2Mg alloy via symbolic regression 认领 引用
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作者 Shanpeng Zhao Wei Gou +3 位作者 Zhangzhi Shi Lichen Li Haijun Zhang Luning Wang 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期2016-2028,I0026-I0034,共13页
Corrosion rates of biodegradable Zn alloys are directly related to their post-implantation safety and effectiveness.However,highly accurate and interpretable“white-box”machine learning models for predicting their co... Corrosion rates of biodegradable Zn alloys are directly related to their post-implantation safety and effectiveness.However,highly accurate and interpretable“white-box”machine learning models for predicting their corrosion rates remain largely unexplored.This study proposes a data-driven method coupled with accelerated corrosion testing for predicting the corrosion rates of biodegradable Zn-0.45Mn-0.2Mg(wt%)alloy.A symbolic regression(SR)machine-learning model was established based on an analytical expression of the corrosion rate and four corrosion parameters.Outperforming five other machine-learning models,the SR model achieved a determ-ination coefficient of 0.97 and prediction errors in the verification experiments of less than 10%.This study contributes to a paradigm shift from qualitative to quantitative analysis for corrosion research on biodegradable metals. 展开更多
关键词 symbolic regression corrosion rate accelerated corrosion zinc alloys
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Effects of external factors on red blood cell concentrate quality during helicopter transport: a pilot study 认领 引用
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作者 Daniel Staribacher Astrid Voill-Glaninger +6 位作者 Christof Jungbauer Robert Geretschläger Tanja Panic-Jankovic AndréViveiros Julia Zwiebler Guenther C Feigl Dzmitry Kuzmin 《World Journal of Emergency Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第4期339-343,共5页
BACKGROUND: Prehospital red blood cell concentrate(RBC) transfusion is clinically advantageous and has an impact on all-cause mortality, especially in cases of major traumatic hemorrhage. The most frequent mean of pre... BACKGROUND: Prehospital red blood cell concentrate(RBC) transfusion is clinically advantageous and has an impact on all-cause mortality, especially in cases of major traumatic hemorrhage. The most frequent mean of prehospital transportation for blood and blood products is the helicopter. However, data on how external conditions during the helicopter flight affect the RBC quality are currently insufficient. There are also no data on how long the latter can be transported by helicopter without qualitative changes. This study aims to investigate how helicopter flight conditions affect RBC quality and to determine the maximum safe transport duration.METHODS: Four pairs of RBCs from different donors were taken. Each RBC pair was first mixed and homogenised, and then divided into two parts. The first was transported by helicopter for 22 successive days and the second served as control and was stored at 2 ℃–6 ℃. On days 1, 8, 15, and 22, samples of each RBC were taken, and hemolysis rates were calculated. A final sample was taken on day 36, which also marked the expiry date of the RBCs.RESULTS: The study maintained stable storage temperatures within the ideal range throughout helicopter transport. Despite variable conditions including number of starts/landings, flight time, outside temperatures, wind speed, and the cabin temperature, the hemolysis rates of transported RBCs did not differ significantly from those of control RBCs(median 0.061% vs. 0.066%, P>0.4). Furthermore, after 14 days of post-transport storage(day 36), hemolysis rates in both groups remained well within acceptable limits(0.151% vs. 0.133%).CONCLUSION: External conditions during helicopter transport for 22 d do not affect the RBC quality in terms of hemoglobin, hematocrit, free hemoglobin and hemolysis rate, rendering RBC transport and administration safe. 展开更多
关键词 Red blood cell concentrate Red blood cell Transfusion Helicopter Hemolysis rate
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FNRE:A Novel Approach to Heterogeneous Label Noise Rates Estimation in Federated Learning 认领 引用
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作者 Qian Rong Lu Zhang +2 位作者 Ling Yuan Zhong Yang Guohui Li 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2026年第7期1161-1182,共22页
Federated learning(FL)enables collaborative model training across decentralized clients without sharing raw data,thereby preserving privacy.However,in real-world FL deployments—such as sensor-based activity recogniti... Federated learning(FL)enables collaborative model training across decentralized clients without sharing raw data,thereby preserving privacy.However,in real-world FL deployments—such as sensor-based activity recognition,wearable health monitoring,and industrial Internet of Things,where local training data often suffer from heterogeneous noisy labels due to diverse collection environments,sensor limitations,and labeling errors.These noisy labels,typically distributed unevenly across clients due to differences in client-side annotation,exacerbate Non-Independent and Identically Distributed(non-IID)data issues,leading to biased updates,unstable convergence,and degraded global model performance.Accurate estimation of client-specific noise rates is therefore crucial for adaptive algorithm selection,personalized parameter tuning,noise-aware aggregation,and resource allocation in FL.Existing noise rate estimation methods,primarily developed for centralized settings,require client-specific clean validation sets or prior knowledge of noise,making them impractical in privacy-sensitive federated settings.In this work,we propose a federated noise rate estimation(FNRE)method that eliminates the need for per-client clean datasets or prior knowledge of noise.Our approach requires only a minimal assumption—at least one client with a small clean validation set—and leverages the global model’s predictions to estimate local noise rates across all clients.Specifically,the method computes global prediction accuracy using data from the small,clean subset of clients,broadcasts this accuracy to all participants,and enables each client to infer its noise rate using its own annotated labels and the predicted label sequence.We further provide a theoretical analysis with provable error bounds.Extensive experiments on image classification(CIFAR-10,CIFAR-100)and sensor-based activity recognition(Widar,WISDM-W)under various synthetic and real-world noisy label settings demonstrate that our method achieves a noise rate estimation Mean Absolute Error(MAE)of only 0.82%-2.19%,outperforming state-of-the-art baselines by 29.8%-49.9%on average while maintaining practicality in privacy-sensitive federated environments. 展开更多
关键词 Noise rate estimation noisy labels federated learning sensor-based activity recognition
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Performance evaluation of AFDM for integrated sensing and communications in doubly dispersive channels 认领 引用
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作者 Khaled Ramadan Ayman A.Alharbi Emad SHassan 《Defence Technology（防务技术）》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第7期110-125,共16页
Integrated Sensing and Communications(ISAC)has emerged as a key enabling technology for beyond-5G and 6G systems,particularly in high-mobility scenarios dominated by doubly dispersive wireless channels.This paper inve... Integrated Sensing and Communications(ISAC)has emerged as a key enabling technology for beyond-5G and 6G systems,particularly in high-mobility scenarios dominated by doubly dispersive wireless channels.This paper investigates the performance of Affine Frequency Division Multiplexing(AFDM),a recently proposed chirp-based modulation waveform,in the context of ISAC.AFDM maps information symbols into the affine delay-chirp domain,exhibiting inherent robustness against delay and Doppler spreads.To enhance detection performance,a Linear Minimum Mean Square Error(LMMSE)equalizer is employed at the receiver to mitigate the channel-induced distortions.We provide a comprehensive evaluation of AFDM by analyzing its Bit-Error Rate(BER)and throughput performance under varying Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR)levels,number of multipath scattered components,and channel estimation errors.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed AFDM consistently outperforms conventional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM).For example,at 20 dB SNR with 15 scattered paths and a channel estimation error ofσh=0.1,the proposed AFDM achieves a BER of 4.97×10-3,compared to OFDM's 1.43×10-2.In terms of throughput,the proposed AFDM maintains above 63.6 Mbps under the same conditions,whereas OFDM drops to 63.08 Mbps.These findings underscore AFDM's suitability for ISAC applications,offering improved resilience,spectral efficiency,and compatibility with dynamic and high-frequency environments. 展开更多
关键词 Affine Frequency Division Multiplexing (AFDM) Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Bit-Error Rate (BER)
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Evaluation of Commercial Potting Substrates for Reproducible Growth of Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum under Laboratory Conditions 认领 引用
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作者 Ramtin Vamenani Ethan Brister Ling Li 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2026年第4期339-351,共13页
The potting substrate is an important determinant of post-germination growth in Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum under controlled laboratory conditions.We evaluated four commercially available soil substrate... The potting substrate is an important determinant of post-germination growth in Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum under controlled laboratory conditions.We evaluated four commercially available soil substrates—Sta-Green potting mix plus fertilizer(SPM),Sta-Green flower&vegetable garden soil plus fertilizer(SGS),Miracle-Gro potting mix(MPM),and Miracle-Gro raised bed soil(MBS)—to assess their effects on seed germination and post-germination growth.Germination rates did not differ significantly among substrates for either species.In contrast,post-germination growth was strongly influenced by the substrate,with MPM consistently supporting greater biomass accumulation,stem elongation,and leaf production.Through integrated analysis of the manufacturer-reported nutrient composition and the substrate physical characteristics,including texture and moisture retention,we propose a mechanistic explanation for these growth differences.The superior performance of MPM likely reflects the combined effects of nutrient availability and favorable physical properties,including fine texture,aeration,and water-holding capacity,rather than nutrient content alone.Together,these results identify potting substrate choice as an important experimental variable affecting growth outcomes and reproducibility in laboratory-based plant research. 展开更多
关键词 Arabidopsis thaliana Nicotiana tabacum potting substrates germination rate post-germination growth experimental reproducibility
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Dynamic compressive mechanical properties and fracture mechanism of conglomerate 认领 引用
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作者 WANG Mi CHEN Xiao-bin +2 位作者 TANG Lu-bo WANG Ye-shun LIANG Wei-qun 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第1期299-316,共18页
Conglomerate rock's complex and heterogeneous microstructure significantly affects its mechanical properties,especially under dynamic loading.However,research on their dynamic behavior and fracture mechanisms is l... Conglomerate rock's complex and heterogeneous microstructure significantly affects its mechanical properties,especially under dynamic loading.However,research on their dynamic behavior and fracture mechanisms is limited.Through uniaxial compression tests and split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)impact tests,the dynamic compressive mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of conglomerate rock were studied.Nanoindentation and high-resolution X-ray computed tomography were employed to analyze the micro-mechanical behavior and internal structure of the conglomerate rock.Results indicate significant differences in mechanical properties between different gravel particles and cementing materials,with initial fractures primarily distributed at the gravel-cement interfaces.The dynamic mechanical properties of conglomerate rocks exhibit a clear strain rate dependency.Based on the stress−strain curves and failure characteristics,the dynamic compressive mechanical behavior can be categorized into two types using a critical strain rate.The dynamic compressive strength,peak strain,and toughness of conglomerate rock increased with the strain rate,with the strength at 54 s−1 being 2.6 times that at 6 s−1.The dynamic compressive fracture mechanism of conglomerate rock is related to the strain rate and microstructure;at low strain rates,gravel distribution is the key factor,whereas at high strain rates,gravel content becomes critical. 展开更多
关键词 conglomerate compressive response realistic micro-heterogeneity fracture mechanism strain rate dependency
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Effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on heart rate variability 认领 引用
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作者 Hoda Atef Abdelsattar Ibrahim Kamal Gouda Kamal +3 位作者 Mohamed Khaled Ali Mohamed Ali Zid Albraa Ashraf Hamad Ayesha Kuraishi Marwa Taha 《World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics》 2026年第1期313-322,共10页
BACKGROUND Obesity and overweight are major public health challenges and are associated with autonomic imbalance and decreased heart rate variability(HRV),a noninvasive indicator of cardiovascular risk.Omega-3 polyuns... BACKGROUND Obesity and overweight are major public health challenges and are associated with autonomic imbalance and decreased heart rate variability(HRV),a noninvasive indicator of cardiovascular risk.Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have shown cardioprotective effects and may modulate autonomic function.Nevertheless,the effect of omega-3 supplementation on HRV in individuals who are overweight or obese remains unclear.AIM To study the effect of omega-3 supplementation on HRV in overweight and obese individuals and to explore the heterogeneity across different study designs.METHODS In accordance with PRISMA guidelines,a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted.PubMed,Science Citation Index,and Scopus were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)assessing the impact of oral omega-3 supplementation on HRV in overweight or obese participants.Primary outcomes were the impacts of omega-3 supplementation on time-domain HRV indices[root mean square of successive differences(RMSSD),standard deviation of normal-tonormal intervals(SDNN),and percentage of successive normal-to-normal intervals differing by more than 50 milliseconds(pNN50%)],and frequency-domain indices[high-frequency(HF)power,low-frequency(LF)power,and LF/HF ratio].RESULTS Four RCTs(n=134 participants)met the inclusion criteria.Two trials compared pre-vs post-omega-3 supplementation,and two compared omega-3 with placebo on HRV in overweight and obese children and adults.In the within-subject analyses,omega-3 supplementation was associated with a significant increase in RMSSD[mean difference(MD)=-11.69 milliseconds,95%CI:-18.50 to-4.87,P=0.0008],SDNN(MD=-26.13 milliseconds,95%CI:-35.84 to-16.42,P<0.00001),and pNN50%(MD=-9.45,95%CI:-14.27 to-4.64,P=0.0001).Between-group comparisons showed that omega-3 supplementation had no significant effect on HF power,LF power,or the LF/HF ratio.CONCLUSION Omega-3 supplementation represents a promising and low-cost strategy for enhancing autonomic balance and potentially reducing cardiovascular risk in overweight and obese populations,as it improves time-domain HRV measures. 展开更多
关键词 Autonomic nervous system Heart rate variability Meta-analysis Obesity Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Randomized controlled trials
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Detecting subtle myocardial injury after percutaneous coronary intervention:Insights from electrocardiography and heart rate variability analysis 认领 引用
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作者 Maryam Salimi Khashayar Hematpour 《World Journal of Cardiology》 2026年第6期1-6,共6页
Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)remains one of the most effective therapies for coronary artery disease,yet even technically successful procedures can place short-lived or mild stress on the myocardium.In routi... Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)remains one of the most effective therapies for coronary artery disease,yet even technically successful procedures can place short-lived or mild stress on the myocardium.In routine practice,this early myocardial stress often goes unnoticed because standard 12-lead electrocardiography(ECG)and peri-procedural biomarkers are not well suited to detect small,transient,or patchy injury.In a recent observational study by Chaikovsky et al,published in World Journal of Cardiology,explored whether a more detailed ECG-based analysis could uncover these subtle changes.By integrating more than 240 ECG and heart rate variability parameters into composite indices,they identified distinct physiological response patterns in a small cohort of patients undergoing PCI.One subgroup demonstrated post-procedural changes suggestive of mild myocardial injury,including altered ventricular repolarization,increased electrical instability,and reduced autonomic balance–findings that were not captured by conventional ECG interpretation systems.These observations are preliminary and hypothesis-generating,but they highlight the potential of advanced ECG-heart rate variability analytics as a sensitive,noninvasive approach to assessing early myocardial stress after PCI.Larger prospective studies,with correlation to biomarkers,imaging,and clinical outcomes,are needed before such tools can be considered for routine clinical use. 展开更多
关键词 Percutaneous coronary intervention Myocardial injury Troponin Electrocardiography Heart rate variability Composite electrocardiography-heart rate variability analysis Subclinical ischemia Post-percutaneous coronary intervention monitoring Signal processing Micro-infarction detection
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Integrating a genome-wide association and transcriptome analysis to provide molecular insights into growth rates in sheep 认领 引用
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作者 Liming Zhao Fadi Li +15 位作者 Xiaoxue Zhang Lüfeng Yuan Huibin Tian Dan Xu Deyin Zhang Yukun Zhang Yuan Zhao Kai Huang Xiaolong Li Jiangbo Cheng Zongwu Ma Quanzhong Xu Xiaobin Yang Kunchao Han Xiuxiu Weng Weimin Wang 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第8期3352-3367,共16页
Investigating the genetic markers and key genes associated with sheep growth rate using integrated multi-omics approaches could provide valuable insights for the sheep industry.Based on the average daily gain(ADG),fas... Investigating the genetic markers and key genes associated with sheep growth rate using integrated multi-omics approaches could provide valuable insights for the sheep industry.Based on the average daily gain(ADG),fast-growing(Ncase=70)and slow-growing(Ncontrol=70)Hu sheep were selected for a genome-wide association study(GWAS).A total of 10 Hu sheep(5fast-growing and 5 slow-growing)and 10 Dorper sheep(5 fast-growing and 5 slow-growing)were selected for a comparative transcriptome analysis.Hub genes and tissue-specific genes(TSGs)were identified using weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)and RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)data from ten tissues,respectively.Ten genes were found within 50 kb distances of the significant single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs).Based on a comparative transcriptomic analysis,totals of 501 and 441 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified in the HF vs.HS and DF vs.DS comparisons,respectively.Some important signaling pathways were found to be closely associated with fat metabolism and energy metabolism,such as"regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes","oxidative phosphorylation",and"thermogenesis".Several DEGs play crucial roles in fat deposition(such as ADRB3,PDE3B,FABP4,SERPINE1,PLIN1,and FOXO6)and muscle development(MYL3).Using the WGCNA analysis,15 genes were considered to be hub genes associated with ADG.The integration of GWAS and RNA-Seq data indicated that BRINP3 and PENK may further influence the growth rate by regulating feeding behavior in sheep.An association analysis of 1,071 Hu sheep populations revealed that mutations in the BRINP3(BRINP3 g.16903465 T>C)and PENK(PENK g.39289926 T>C)genes were significantly related to the growth traits(P<0.05).This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying growth traits in sheep,and the BRINP3 and PENK genes may be potential key candidate genes related to sheep growth rate. 展开更多
关键词 sheep growth rate GWAS transcriptomics BRINP3 PENK
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Effects of solidification rates on precipitation behavior of nano-particles and precipitation strengthening of ZA81M alloy 认领 引用
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作者 Jian-Guang Feng Tian-Jiao Luo +3 位作者 Qiu-Yan Huang Ying-Ju Li Xiao-Hui Feng Yuan-Sheng Yang 《Journal of Magnesium and Alloys》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第4期193-206,共14页
In this work,the solidification behavior and precipitation strengthening of Mg-8Zn-1Al-0.5Cu-0.5Mn(wt%,ZA81M)alloy solidified with different cooling rates of solidification were investigated.Selected area electron dif... In this work,the solidification behavior and precipitation strengthening of Mg-8Zn-1Al-0.5Cu-0.5Mn(wt%,ZA81M)alloy solidified with different cooling rates of solidification were investigated.Selected area electron diffraction(SAED)analysis revealed the presence of rod-like nano-particles with an Mg4Zn7 structure(βi′)and plate-like nano-particles with an MgZn2 structure(β2′).X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)indicate that the coarse second phases in the solidification structure are MgZn eutectic phase,MgZnCu separated eutectic phase,and AIMn phase.The effect of precipitation strengthening was caused by the precipitated phases in the solidified microstructure.The quantities of both β1′and β2′significantly decreased with an increase in cooling rate from 0.70℃·s-1 to 33.98℃·s-1,resulting in a reduction of Vickers hardness from 87.70 to 75.53 HV.The higher cooling rate of solidification effectively inhibited the formation of precipitates,thereby diminished the precipitation-strengthening effect.Two orientation relationships(ORs)were identified between the nano-particles β1′and β2′and the Mg substrate:basal and pyramidal precipitates,respectively.Specifically,the β1′phase exhibited the following ORs:(312)_(β1′)//(0002)Mg,(-912)_(β1′)//(10-11)Mg,(-1003)_(β1′)//(10-11)Mg,and(110)_(β1′)//(10-11)Mg.Moreover,the β2′phase exhibited ORs with basal and pyramidal planes,presented as(11-20)_(β2′)//(0002)Mg and(10-13)_(β2′)//(10-11)Mg.In addition,the variation of coarse second phase and nano-particle precipitated phase shows a competitive relationship,which is attributed to the microsegregation of Zn element.Precipitation strengthening mainly improves microhardness,and tensile mechanical properties are mainly affected by fine-grain strengthening. 展开更多
关键词 Magnesium alloys Precipitates Solidification rate Precipitation strengthening
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Dynamic mechanical response of polystyrene at high strain rates under uniaxial strain ramp loading 认领 引用
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作者 Xuping Zhang Fuli Tan +3 位作者 Binqiang Luo Guiji Wang Jianheng Zhao Chengwei Sun 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第4期530-537,共8页
Determination of the yield strength of polymers under dynamic loading has proven to be extremely difficult.Until now,few strength data have been obtained for polymers at strain rates above 105s-1.Based on the el... Determination of the yield strength of polymers under dynamic loading has proven to be extremely difficult.Until now,few strength data have been obtained for polymers at strain rates above 105s-1.Based on the electromagnetically driven quasi-isentropic loading technique,the yield strength of polystyrene under high pressure and high strain rate is measured experimentally using a pressure comparison method.In the experiment,a polystyrene window method is used to measure the in-situ particle velocity directly,which reduces the experimental error and obtains reliable high-pressure Lagrangian sound velocity and a quasi-isentropic compression line.The yield stress of polystyrene under quasi-isentropic compression is measured continuously at pressure up to 4 GPa and a strain rate of 106s-1.Combined with strength data under quasi-static and intermediate strain rate loading,the strain rate effect of the yield of polystyrene is analyzed.It is found that the yield strength of polystyrene shows strain rate effects,but the“up-turn”phenomenon is not observed.Additionally,the yield stress of polystyrene from 10-3s-1to 106s-1strain rate can be fitted using the Eyring model,which provides a reference for the study of the physical properties of polymer materials under high strain rate loading. 展开更多
关键词 yield strength quasi-isentropic compression Lagrangian sound speed high strain rate
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