This paper proposes a quantitative reconfigurability evaluation method for control systems with actuator saturation and additive faults from the perspective of system stability.Placing the saturated feedback law in th...This paper proposes a quantitative reconfigurability evaluation method for control systems with actuator saturation and additive faults from the perspective of system stability.Placing the saturated feedback law in the convex hull of a group of auxiliary linear controls,the sufficient reconfigurability conditions for the system under additive faults are derived using invariant sets.These conditions are then expressed as linear matrix inequalities(LMIs)and applied to quantify the degree of reconfigurability for the fault system.The largest fault magnitude for which the system can be stabilized,the largest initial state domain from which all the trajectories are convergent,and the minimum final state domain to which the trajectories will converge are investigated.The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated through an application example.展开更多
The shape of a spacecraft is transitioning from monolithic,manual,and static to modular,autonomous,and dynamic.Modular Reconfigurable Spacecrafts(MRSs)offer better solutions than traditional monolithic spacecrafts in ...The shape of a spacecraft is transitioning from monolithic,manual,and static to modular,autonomous,and dynamic.Modular Reconfigurable Spacecrafts(MRSs)offer better solutions than traditional monolithic spacecrafts in several aspects,and may become the next generation of spacecraft systems with efficient design,fast deployment,flexible application,and convenient management.This paper reviews the development and technology of MRS from three aspects:Modularity,reconfigurability,and autonomy.Despite the progress of research on MRS,there is still a lack of unified standards and little understanding of related concepts.Based on the understanding of basic concepts,the studies conducted on MRS are reviewed to identify technical requirements and solutions.Aiming at the future development trend of MRS,a novel modular selfreconfigurable spacecraft,referred to as MagicSat,is proposed.Furthermore,the MagicSat system composition,advantages,and application prospects are studied.The enabling technologies and major challenges of MRS are further analyzed in terms of modularization,integrated management,and self-reconfiguration technologies.Finally,the future development trend of MRS technology is predicted,and corresponding suggestions are provided.展开更多
The photonic frequency-interleaving(PFI)technique has shown great potential for broadband signal acquisition,effectively overcoming the challenges of clock jitter and channel mismatch in the conventional time-interlea...The photonic frequency-interleaving(PFI)technique has shown great potential for broadband signal acquisition,effectively overcoming the challenges of clock jitter and channel mismatch in the conventional time-interleaving paradigm.However,current comb-based PFI schemes have complex system architectures and face challenges in achieving large bandwidth,dense channelization,and flexible reconfigurability simultaneously,which impedes practical applications.In this work,we propose and demonstrate a broadband PFI scheme with high reconfigurability and scalability by exploiting multiple free-running lasers for dense spectral slicing with high crosstalk suppression.A dedicated system model is developed through a comprehensive analysis of the system non-idealities,and a cross-channel signal reconstruction algorithm is developed for distortion-free signal reconstruction,based on precise calibrations of intra-and inter-channel impairments.The system performance is validated through the reception of multi-format broadband signals,both digital and analog,with a detailed evaluation of signal reconstruction quality,achieving inter-channel phase differences of less than 2°.The reconfigurability and scalability of the scheme are demonstrated through a dual-band radar imaging experiment and a three-channel interleaving implementation with a maximum acquisition bandwidth of 4 GHz.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first demonstration of a practical radio-frequency(RF)application enabled by PFI.Our work provides an innovative solution for next-generation software-defined broadband RF receivers.展开更多
Robust and high-resolution radars are desirable for emerging applications ranging from the Internet of Everything to autonomous driving.Photonic radars with frequency multiplication have attracted considerable interes...Robust and high-resolution radars are desirable for emerging applications ranging from the Internet of Everything to autonomous driving.Photonic radars with frequency multiplication have attracted considerable interest for providing high frequency,large bandwidth,and immunity to electromagnetic interference.Nevertheless,their wideband reconfigurability has been restricted by limited and fixed multiplication factors,which hinders robust sensing.In this work,we overcome the constraint by implementing a repetition-ratemodulated frequency comb that enables arbitrary frequency multiplication.Key components,including a phase modulator with 0.74 V half-wave voltage and an intensity modulator with 110-GHz bandwidth fabricated on the thin-film lithium niobate(TFLN),enhance radar performance.The transmitter achieves a record-breaking cross-band operation bandwidth(5.95 to 95.2 GHz),corresponding to a tunable multiplication factor range of 1 to 16.The receiver supports optical dechirping across 0 to 110 GHz.System-level ranging demonstrations,using two distinct radar waveforms,achieve centimeter-level(2.6∕3.5 cm)and real-time resolution.We offer a viable solution for next-generation photonic integrated radar using the TFLN platform.展开更多
Increasingly complex electromagnetic environments and congested spectral resources demand the crucial frequency-selective filtering to suppress out-of-band interference during wave manipulation.Here,we present a stack...Increasingly complex electromagnetic environments and congested spectral resources demand the crucial frequency-selective filtering to suppress out-of-band interference during wave manipulation.Here,we present a stacked reconfigurable metasurface that achieves sharp frequency filtering together with multidimensional tunability across polarization and spectral domains.This stacking strategy decouples polarization channels and tailors near-field coupling to realize controllable frequency shifts.A transmission-line theory is analytically established to characterize and control the scattering poles and zeros under varying polarizations and bias voltages,thereby enabling the prediction of the metasurface’s tunable filtering behavior.Experiments validate dynamic polarization selection and continuous shifting of the filtering band.The measured bandpass response exhibits steep transition edges and strong out-ofband rejection,effectively isolating adjacent spectral channels.This design demonstrates the integration of tunability and selectivity across multiple wave dimensions,addressing critical demands for reconfigurability,multiplexing,and interference immunity in modern electromagnetic systems,with broad potential for smart sensing,secure communications,and radar technologies.展开更多
Neuromorphic computing,a highly promising computational architecture,has provided an efficient solution to overcome the limitations of storage–compute separation and scaling constraints.The key to implementing this a...Neuromorphic computing,a highly promising computational architecture,has provided an efficient solution to overcome the limitations of storage–compute separation and scaling constraints.The key to implementing this architecture lies in the development of artificial neurons and synapses as core neuromorphic components capable of biomimicry.Diverse libraries of two-dimensional(2D)materials with atomic-scale thickness and rich tunable physicochemical properties have risen to prominence in recent years.These unique properties meet the critical requirements of neuromorphic devices for ultralow power consumption,dynamic plasticity,and multifunctional integration,thereby facilitating breakthroughs in next-generation high-performance and versatile neuromorphic hardware systems.In this paper,recent advances in dedicated artificial neuron and synapse devices based on 2D materials are reviewed,with a focus on biomimetic models,physical mechanisms,and performance metrics.The discussion further extends to sophisticated switching strategies in reconfigurable components.Then,the systemic integration of neuromorphic devices is summarized,with particular focus on their functional roles in neural perception,neural networks,and logical operation tasks.Finally,a systematic analysis of the limitations at the device and system levels for artificial neurons and synapses is presented,charting a roadmap toward more efficient and multifunctional brain-like chips.展开更多
The wireless cloud robotic system(WCRS),which fully integrates sensing,communication,computing,and control capabilities as an intelligent agent,is a promising way to achieve intelligent manufacturing due to easy deplo...The wireless cloud robotic system(WCRS),which fully integrates sensing,communication,computing,and control capabilities as an intelligent agent,is a promising way to achieve intelligent manufacturing due to easy deployment and flexible expansion.However,the high-precision control of WCRS requires deterministic wireless communication,which is always challenging in the complex and dynamic radio space.This paper employs the reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)to establish a novel RIS-assisted WCRS architecture,where the radio channel is controlled to achieve ultra-reliable,low-delay,and low-jitter communication for high-precision closed-loop motion control.However,control and communication are strongly coupled and should be co-optimized.Fully considering the constraints of control input threshold,control delay deadline,beam phase,antenna power,and information distortion,we establish a stability maximization problem to jointly optimize control input compensation,RIS phase shift,and beamforming.Herein,a new jitter-oriented system stability objective with respect to control error and communication jitter is defined and the closed-form expression of control delay deadline is derived based on the Jensen Inequality and Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional.Due to the time-varying and partial observability of the channel and robot states,we model the problem as a partially observable Markov decision process(POMDP).To solve this complex problem,we propose a multi-agent transfer reinforcement learning algorithm named LSTM-PPO-MATRL,where the LSTM-enhanced proximal policy optimization(PPO)is designed to approximate an optimal solution and the option-guided policy transfer learning is proposed to facilitate the learning process.By centralized training and decentralized execution,LSTM-PPO-MATRL is validated by extensive experiments on MuJoCo tasks for both low-mobility and high-mobility robotic control scenarios.The results demonstrate that LSTM-PPO-MATRL not only realizes high learning efficiency,but also supports low-delay,low-jitter communication for low error control,where 71.9%control accuracy improvement and 68.7%delay jitter reduction are achieved compared to the PPO-MADRL baseline.展开更多
The advancement of differential imaging and adaptive machine vision demands hardware capable of dynamic signal modulation,yet traditional photodetectors are limited by static doping profiles and fixed junction polarit...The advancement of differential imaging and adaptive machine vision demands hardware capable of dynamic signal modulation,yet traditional photodetectors are limited by static doping profiles and fixed junction polarities.To overcome this bottleneck,we present a reconfigurable black phosphorus(BP)p-n homojunction photodetector engineered via in situ ferroelectric domain programming.By leveraging the non-volatile ferroelectric field of a bismuth ferrite substrate,we achieve precise,nondestructive modulation of the BP band structure,allowing for reversible switching between p-n and n-p configurations within a single device channel.This ferroelectric doping strategy effectively eliminates interface damage associated with ion implantation while enabling programmable rectification behaviors.The device demonstrates self-powered operation with a responsivity of 44 mA W−1 at 808 nm under zero-bias conditions.Crucially,we demonstrate a single-pixel imaging prototype where the reconfigurable junction polarity enables tunable edge sharpness and high-fidelity image reconstruction.This work establishes a paradigm for ferroelectrically programmable 2D devices,providing a versatile platform for differential imaging and contrast-enhancement optoelectronic applications.展开更多
Terahertz communication technology is envisioned as a promising candidate for the pivotal spectrum technology in future wireless communication networks.However,the limited penetration ability of terahertz waves makes ...Terahertz communication technology is envisioned as a promising candidate for the pivotal spectrum technology in future wireless communication networks.However,the limited penetration ability of terahertz waves makes line-of-sight(LoS)transmission indispensable,hindering the extensive application of terahertz communications.In this work,a novel liquid-crystal programmable metasurface(LCPM)is proposed for the first time,which can effectively achieve dual-broadband beam manipulation to improve link stability and extend coverage for terahertz communications in non-line-of-sight(NLoS)scenarios.The LCPM is operated in both the W band that covers 94 GHz and the D band that covers 140 GHz,corresponding to x-polarized and y-polarized wave incidence,respectively.Based on the proposed LCPM,realistic NLoS terahertz communication links are established and showcased.Communication measurements substantiate that the LCPM is capable of realizing extensive dynamic channel regulations and long-distance communications across both bands in various modulation schemes,supporting real-time high-speed video transmission.The experimental results validate the feasibility of employing the LCPM for terahertz wireless communications,paving the way for developing and implementing ubiquitous terahertz communication networks even with LoS blockage.展开更多
This research proposes an improved Puma optimization algorithm(IPuma)as a novel dynamic recon-figuration tool for a photovoltaic(PV)array linked in total-cross-tied(TCT).The proposed algorithm utilizes the Newton-Raph...This research proposes an improved Puma optimization algorithm(IPuma)as a novel dynamic recon-figuration tool for a photovoltaic(PV)array linked in total-cross-tied(TCT).The proposed algorithm utilizes the Newton-Raphson search rule(NRSR)to boost the exploration process,especially in search spaces with more local regions,and boost the exploitation with adaptive parameters alternating with random parameters in the original Puma.The effectiveness of the introduced IPuma is confirmed through comprehensive evaluations on the CEC’20 benchmark problems.It shows superior performance compared to both established and modern metaheuristic algorithms in terms of effectively navigating the search space and achieving convergence towards near-optimal regions.The findings indicated that the IPuma algorithm demonstrates considerable statistical promise and surpasses the performance of competing algorithms.In addition,the proposed IPuma is utilized to reconfigure a 9×9 PV array that operates under different shade patterns,such as lower triangular(LT),long wide(LW),and short wide(SW).In addition to other programmed approaches,such as the Whale optimization algorithm(WOA),grey wolf optimizer(GWO),Harris Hawks optimization(HHO),particle swarm optimization(PSO),gravitational search algorithm(GSA),biogeography-based optimization(BBO),sine cosine algorithm(SCA),equilibrium optimizer(EO),and original Puma,the indicated method is contrasted to the traditional configurations of TCT and Sudoku.In addition,the metrics of mismatch power loss,maximum efficiency improvement,efficiency improvement ratio,and peak-to-mean ratio are calculated to assess the effectiveness of the indicated approach.The proposed IPuma improved the generated power by 36.72%,28.03%,and 40.97%for SW,LW,and LT,respectively,outperforming the TCT configuration.In addition,it achieved the best maximum efficiency improvement among the algorithms considered,with 26.86%,21.89%,and 29.07%for the examined patterns.The results highlight the superiority and competence of the proposed approach in both convergence rates and stability,as well as applicability to dynamically reconfigure the PV system and enhance its harvested energy.展开更多
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)is envisioned as a promising technology to improve the system capacity of 6G network,by controlling the electromagnetic wave propagation.Most existing works use the Central Limit...Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)is envisioned as a promising technology to improve the system capacity of 6G network,by controlling the electromagnetic wave propagation.Most existing works use the Central Limit Theorem(CLT)to analyze the performance of RIS-assisted systems for large number of reflective elements.However,the assumption of extremely large number of elements may not be practical in the actual situation.In addition,the CLT-based approximation yields an inaccurate scaling law of the outage probability when the transmit Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR)tends to infinity.Motivated by these limitations,in this paper,we investigate the performance of RIS-assisted cellular networks with multiple Device-to-Device(D2D)users under the general fading channels,i.e.,Nakagami-m fading channels.We propose a tractable solution to evaluate the outage probability and the ergodic achievable rate,which is accurate for any number of reflective elements,any network topology,as well as any SNR.In addition,the accurate approximations for the high SNR case and the large number of reflective elements case are further derived in simpler closed form.Numerical results verify the accuracy of our analytical results and analyze the performance between CLT and the proposed method.展开更多
Manufacturing large-scale mechanical metamaterials(MMs) is extremely challenging owing to the limitations of machining technology and equipment.This study proposes a family of discretely assembled MMs to address this ...Manufacturing large-scale mechanical metamaterials(MMs) is extremely challenging owing to the limitations of machining technology and equipment.This study proposes a family of discretely assembled MMs to address this issue.In this work,six types of MM unit cells are divided into several face blocks,which can be mass-produced by traditional low-cost manufacturing processes.The discrete face blocks are then assembled using connectors and fasteners to form a unit cell.These assembled unit cells can be further discretely assembled for modular constructions and reconfigurable MM structure systems.The results show that the discretely assembled MMs exhibit excellent mechanical properties such as high stiffness,compression resistance,and auxetic and chiral behaviors.In addition,two typical application scenarios and an example show that the discrete assembly strategy provides accessibility for the heterogeneous and multi-material assemblies of MMs.The discrete assembly strategy,benefiting from the incremental assembly feature,is proven to be a low-cost and highly repeatable forming process.It provides scalability and functionality that are not achievable with traditional manufacturing techniques.Combined with advanced design methods and automated assembly processes,discretely assembled MMs will be significant in future intelligent structures,soft robotics,and aerospace.展开更多
The edge deployment of artificial intelligence has driven the exploitation of compact,energy-efficient information processing systems that integrate sensing,memory,and multi-task processing functions.However,conventio...The edge deployment of artificial intelligence has driven the exploitation of compact,energy-efficient information processing systems that integrate sensing,memory,and multi-task processing functions.However,conventional vision systems suffer from significant energyime overhead,extra hardware costs,and an unaffordable algorithm.Herein,we demonstrate an in-sensor computing system employing reconfigurable optoelectronic transistors(ROETs)for multi-task learning.These transistors exhibit reconfigurable volatile and nonvolatile characteristics under both optical and electrical stimuli.Capitalizing on this reconfigurability,we establish an in-sensor reservoir computing(RC)system operating in multi-signal modes:volatile dynamics function as the reservoir,whereas nonvolatile properties configure the readout layer.The abundant optoelectronic reservoir states display exceptional feature separability and prolonged stability in the ambient atmosphere.Such a reliable RC system successfully achieves multi-task processing of images.Notably,under the optoelectronic coordination mode,it effectively alleviates feature degradation while sustaining consistently high recognition accuracy.Furthermore,the system exhibits remarkable dynamic information processing capabilities,achieving recognition accuracies of 89.02%for dynamic gestures and 96.04%for moving vehicles recognition,respectively.Supplemental functionalities,including light adaptation and image sharpening,are also implemented.This work presents a configurable multimodal platform featuring a flexible in-sensor reservoir computing architecture,providing a potential solution for efficient multi-task processing.展开更多
Single-photon avalanche diode(SPAD)image sensors are widely used in direct time-of-flight(D-TOF)imaging,but their ranging performance is often constrained by limited laser power.This article presents a SPAD-based D-TO...Single-photon avalanche diode(SPAD)image sensors are widely used in direct time-of-flight(D-TOF)imaging,but their ranging performance is often constrained by limited laser power.This article presents a SPAD-based D-TOF imaging system that combines a reconfigurable macro-pixel sensor architecture with a lightweight depth completion algorithm to achieve long-range depth imaging with enhanced spatial resolution under low optical power.The proposed sensor adopts a back-side illuminated(BSI)3D-stacked architecture with programmable macro-pixels that enhance detection sensitivity and enable flexible sensitivity–resolution trade-offs.An injection-locked ring-oscillator-based time-to-digital converter(RO-TDC)array achieves a time resolution of 152.5 ps,enabling accurate TOF measurement at an optical power of 10 mW.To compensate for macropixel-induced resolution loss,a probabilistic normalized convolutional neural network(pNCNN)is employed for depth completion using sparse depth inputs only.Experimental results demonstrate that up to 30×effective resolution enhancement of the system can be achieved via the depth completion algorithm without changing the physical resolution of the sensor.Additionally,the proposed system achieves a maximum ranging distance of 90 m and a range-to-power figure-of-merit(FOM)of9 m/mW,which validates the effectiveness of the system.展开更多
The temperature response,mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of 1060-H24 pure aluminum sheet under different current densities and loading directions were systematically studied by using electric pulse...The temperature response,mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of 1060-H24 pure aluminum sheet under different current densities and loading directions were systematically studied by using electric pulse-assisted tensile test and characterization techniques including electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and the athermal effect mechanism of strength−plasticity improvement was revealed.The findings demonstrate that following the application of electric pulse treatment at a current density of 5 A/mm²,the yield strengths and fracture strains in the 0°,45°and 90°directions are increased by 0.33%−3.34% and 2.62%−14.84%,respectively.Under the condition that the Joule temperature rise(≤2.4℃)caused by this current density is negligible,pulse current changes the intensities of Copper,Brass and S textures and causes the decrease of the geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)density and fraction of low-angle grain boundaries,which confirms the athermal effect.The slight strength increase stems from the competition between reduced dislocation strengthening due to GNDs decrease and enhanced strength through transformation of high-energy dislocation tangles into low-energy dislocation networks that optimize the hard-oriented{111}//RD texture.The improved fracture strain is attributed to current-induced uniform dislocation distribution and dislocation disentanglement-reorganization into nets.展开更多
Programmable metasurfaces have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional ability to manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves in real time,propelling the emergence of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RISs)a...Programmable metasurfaces have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional ability to manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves in real time,propelling the emergence of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RISs)as a transformative advancement in wireless communication for controlling signal propagation and coverage.However,conventional RISs often suffer from a limited operational range and spectral interference,hindering their practical deployment in wireless relay and communication systems.To overcome this limitation,we propose an amplifying and filtering RIS(AF-RIS)to enhance the inband signal energy and filter the out-of-band signal of the incident EM waves,thereby achieving RIS array miniaturization and improved anti-interference capability.Furthermore,each AF-RIS element features 2-bit phase control,significantly improving the array's beamforming performance.A meticulously designed4×8 AF-RIS array is presented by integrating the power dividing and combining networks,which substantially reduces the number of amplifiers and filters,drastically decreasing the hardware costs and power consumption.The experimental results demonstrate the powerful capabilities of the AF-RIS in beam-steering,frequency selectivity,and signal amplification.Thus,the proposed AF-RIS offers significant potential for critical wireless relay applications by improving frequency selectivity,expanding signal coverage,and minimizing hardware size.展开更多
The emerging sixth-generation networks demand ultra-high-speed wideband transmissions.In this context,this study proposes a novel Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)-aided Incremental Relaying(IR)scheme that combi...The emerging sixth-generation networks demand ultra-high-speed wideband transmissions.In this context,this study proposes a novel Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)-aided Incremental Relaying(IR)scheme that combines the complementary benefits of RISs and relay systems to enhance the achievable rate.In the proposed system,a relay is exploited to retransmit the source signal when the destination fails to decode the RIS-aided signal correctly.To assess the system performance,we analytically derive closed-form expressions for the outage probability and throughput of the RIS-aided IR scheme,using the central limit theorem.Simulation results validate the analytical findings and reveal that the proposed RIS-aided IR scheme significantly outperforms the conventional pure RIS and hybrid RIS-relay schemes in terms of both outage probability and throughput,highlighting its potential for improving communication-system performance.展开更多
Unlocking the full potential of integrated photonics requires versatile,multi-functional devices that can adapt to diverse application demands.However,confronting this challenge with conventional singlefunction resona...Unlocking the full potential of integrated photonics requires versatile,multi-functional devices that can adapt to diverse application demands.However,confronting this challenge with conventional singlefunction resonators often results in cumbersome system designs.We present an elegant solution:a versatile and reconfigurable dual-polarization Si3N4microresonator that represents a new perspective in on-chip photonic designs.Our device can be dynamically reconfigured into three distinct topologies:a Möbius-like microcavity,a Fabry-Pérot resonator,and a microring resonator.This unprecedented functionality is enabled by a tunable balanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer that facilitates controllable mutual mode coupling of counterpropagating light using a single control knob.We experimentally demonstrate that the device not only supports polarization-diverse operation on a compact footprint but also gives rise to a wide variety of physical phenomena,including a standing wave cavity,a traveling wave cavity,free spectral range multiplication,and the photonic pinning effect.These behaviors are accurately modeled using the transfer matrix method and intuitively explained by the temporal coupled-mode theory.Our results underscore the potential for a chip-scale platform to realize reconfigurable reconstructive spectrometers and on-chip synthetic dimensions for topological physics.展开更多
Reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)have been cast as a promising alternative to alleviate blockage vulnerability and enhance coverage capability for terahertz(THz)communications.Owing to large-scale array elements...Reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)have been cast as a promising alternative to alleviate blockage vulnerability and enhance coverage capability for terahertz(THz)communications.Owing to large-scale array elements at transceivers and RIS,the codebook based beamforming can be utilized in a computationally efficient manner.However,the codeword selection for analog beamforming is an intractable combinatorial optimization(CO)problem.To this end,by taking the CO problem as a classification problem,a multi-task learning based analog beam selection(MTL-ABS)framework is developed to implement cooperative beam selection concurrently at transceivers and RIS.In addition,residual network and self-attention mechanism are used to combat the network degradation and mine intrinsic THz channel features.Finally,the network convergence is analyzed from a blockwise perspective,and numerical results demonstrate that the MTL-ABS framework greatly decreases the beam selection overhead and achieves near optimal sum-rate compared with heuristic search based counterparts.展开更多
The integration of wind-based DG introduces significant variability and uncertainty into the operation of distribution networks,which complicates the planning and decision-making process.This paper presents a dualobje...The integration of wind-based DG introduces significant variability and uncertainty into the operation of distribution networks,which complicates the planning and decision-making process.This paper presents a dualobjective stochastic optimization framework for the optimal allocation of wind DG,considering dynamic network reconfiguration across multiple loading conditions.Probabilistic modeling of wind speed is integrated using the Weibull distribution and the associated wind power uncertainty is discretized through a scenario-based point estimation method.Variability in load is accounted for by considering multiple loading levels,and the integrated uncertainty space is constructed as the Cartesian product of wind scenarios and load profiles.The optimization seeks to minimize the total energy losses together with the enhancement of reliability,quantified through the expected energy not supplied.For the solution of the complex,nonlinear,multi-objective problem,the Improved Multi-Objective Grey Wolf Optimizer(I-MGWO)is developed,including quasi-oppositional population seeding,adaptive stochastic coeficient strategy,and dynamic convex combination position update.Simulation results on the IEEE 33-bus system demonstrate that the proposed integrated strategy of simultaneous wind DG allocation and network reconfiguration gives synergistic improvements,yielding up to 55.7%reduction in energy losses,and a reduction of up to 61.4%in EENS over the base case.In both convergence speed and solution quality,I-MGWO consistently outperforms conventional algorithms and gives a robust and computationally efficient tool for distribution system planning under uncertainty.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(61525301)the National Natural Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars of China(62022013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61690215).
摘要This paper proposes a quantitative reconfigurability evaluation method for control systems with actuator saturation and additive faults from the perspective of system stability.Placing the saturated feedback law in the convex hull of a group of auxiliary linear controls,the sufficient reconfigurability conditions for the system under additive faults are derived using invariant sets.These conditions are then expressed as linear matrix inequalities(LMIs)and applied to quantify the degree of reconfigurability for the fault system.The largest fault magnitude for which the system can be stabilized,the largest initial state domain from which all the trajectories are convergent,and the minimum final state domain to which the trajectories will converge are investigated.The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated through an application example.
基金supported by the National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Zone of China(No.00205501).
摘要The shape of a spacecraft is transitioning from monolithic,manual,and static to modular,autonomous,and dynamic.Modular Reconfigurable Spacecrafts(MRSs)offer better solutions than traditional monolithic spacecrafts in several aspects,and may become the next generation of spacecraft systems with efficient design,fast deployment,flexible application,and convenient management.This paper reviews the development and technology of MRS from three aspects:Modularity,reconfigurability,and autonomy.Despite the progress of research on MRS,there is still a lack of unified standards and little understanding of related concepts.Based on the understanding of basic concepts,the studies conducted on MRS are reviewed to identify technical requirements and solutions.Aiming at the future development trend of MRS,a novel modular selfreconfigurable spacecraft,referred to as MagicSat,is proposed.Furthermore,the MagicSat system composition,advantages,and application prospects are studied.The enabling technologies and major challenges of MRS are further analyzed in terms of modularization,integrated management,and self-reconfiguration technologies.Finally,the future development trend of MRS technology is predicted,and corresponding suggestions are provided.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2800800)National Key Laboratory Program(E13D01012F)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62104232,62327806,61988102)Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(ZDBS-LYJSC016)Guangdong Province Key Field RD Program Project(2020B0101110002)Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2019B090909011)Program of GBA Branch of AIRCAS(E0Z2D10600)。
摘要The photonic frequency-interleaving(PFI)technique has shown great potential for broadband signal acquisition,effectively overcoming the challenges of clock jitter and channel mismatch in the conventional time-interleaving paradigm.However,current comb-based PFI schemes have complex system architectures and face challenges in achieving large bandwidth,dense channelization,and flexible reconfigurability simultaneously,which impedes practical applications.In this work,we propose and demonstrate a broadband PFI scheme with high reconfigurability and scalability by exploiting multiple free-running lasers for dense spectral slicing with high crosstalk suppression.A dedicated system model is developed through a comprehensive analysis of the system non-idealities,and a cross-channel signal reconstruction algorithm is developed for distortion-free signal reconstruction,based on precise calibrations of intra-and inter-channel impairments.The system performance is validated through the reception of multi-format broadband signals,both digital and analog,with a detailed evaluation of signal reconstruction quality,achieving inter-channel phase differences of less than 2°.The reconfigurability and scalability of the scheme are demonstrated through a dual-band radar imaging experiment and a three-channel interleaving implementation with a maximum acquisition bandwidth of 4 GHz.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first demonstration of a practical radio-frequency(RF)application enabled by PFI.Our work provides an innovative solution for next-generation software-defined broadband RF receivers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62302504,12374476,and 62405105)。
摘要Robust and high-resolution radars are desirable for emerging applications ranging from the Internet of Everything to autonomous driving.Photonic radars with frequency multiplication have attracted considerable interest for providing high frequency,large bandwidth,and immunity to electromagnetic interference.Nevertheless,their wideband reconfigurability has been restricted by limited and fixed multiplication factors,which hinders robust sensing.In this work,we overcome the constraint by implementing a repetition-ratemodulated frequency comb that enables arbitrary frequency multiplication.Key components,including a phase modulator with 0.74 V half-wave voltage and an intensity modulator with 110-GHz bandwidth fabricated on the thin-film lithium niobate(TFLN),enhance radar performance.The transmitter achieves a record-breaking cross-band operation bandwidth(5.95 to 95.2 GHz),corresponding to a tunable multiplication factor range of 1 to 16.The receiver supports optical dechirping across 0 to 110 GHz.System-level ranging demonstrations,using two distinct radar waveforms,achieve centimeter-level(2.6∕3.5 cm)and real-time resolution.We offer a viable solution for next-generation photonic integrated radar using the TFLN platform.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(62071291,62271317)the State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration(Independent Scientific Research Program No.2025021)+4 种基金G.Hu acknowledges the Nanyang Assistant Professorship Start-up Grant,Ministry of Education(Singapore)under AcRF TIER1(RG61/23)A*STAR under its MTC YIRG Grant(Project No.M23M7c0119)NSTIC White Space Fund(M25W2NS001)Infocomm Media Development Authority under its Future Communications Research&Development Programme(Grant Number:FCP-NTU-RG-2024-025)C.Yuen acknowledges the Ministry of Education Singapore MOE Tier 2(Award number T2EP50124-0032).
摘要Increasingly complex electromagnetic environments and congested spectral resources demand the crucial frequency-selective filtering to suppress out-of-band interference during wave manipulation.Here,we present a stacked reconfigurable metasurface that achieves sharp frequency filtering together with multidimensional tunability across polarization and spectral domains.This stacking strategy decouples polarization channels and tailors near-field coupling to realize controllable frequency shifts.A transmission-line theory is analytically established to characterize and control the scattering poles and zeros under varying polarizations and bias voltages,thereby enabling the prediction of the metasurface’s tunable filtering behavior.Experiments validate dynamic polarization selection and continuous shifting of the filtering band.The measured bandpass response exhibits steep transition edges and strong out-ofband rejection,effectively isolating adjacent spectral channels.This design demonstrates the integration of tunability and selectivity across multiple wave dimensions,addressing critical demands for reconfigurability,multiplexing,and interference immunity in modern electromagnetic systems,with broad potential for smart sensing,secure communications,and radar technologies.
基金supported by the Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration-National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2024ZD1003100)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2024YFC2813700)+3 种基金State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation(Contract No.RAO2025ZT004)Beijing Jiaotong University,STI 2030—Major Projects under Grant 2022ZD0209200the National Natural Science Foundation(no.62374099)the Foundation of Shanxi Key Laboratory of Graphene Sensing Materials and Devices(No.SMX2025005)。
摘要Neuromorphic computing,a highly promising computational architecture,has provided an efficient solution to overcome the limitations of storage–compute separation and scaling constraints.The key to implementing this architecture lies in the development of artificial neurons and synapses as core neuromorphic components capable of biomimicry.Diverse libraries of two-dimensional(2D)materials with atomic-scale thickness and rich tunable physicochemical properties have risen to prominence in recent years.These unique properties meet the critical requirements of neuromorphic devices for ultralow power consumption,dynamic plasticity,and multifunctional integration,thereby facilitating breakthroughs in next-generation high-performance and versatile neuromorphic hardware systems.In this paper,recent advances in dedicated artificial neuron and synapse devices based on 2D materials are reviewed,with a focus on biomimetic models,physical mechanisms,and performance metrics.The discussion further extends to sophisticated switching strategies in reconfigurable components.Then,the systemic integration of neuromorphic devices is summarized,with particular focus on their functional roles in neural perception,neural networks,and logical operation tasks.Finally,a systematic analysis of the limitations at the device and system levels for artificial neurons and synapses is presented,charting a roadmap toward more efficient and multifunctional brain-like chips.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62522320,92267108,62173322)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC2403062)the Science and Technology Program of Liaoning Province(2023JH3/10200004,2022JH25/10100005)。
摘要The wireless cloud robotic system(WCRS),which fully integrates sensing,communication,computing,and control capabilities as an intelligent agent,is a promising way to achieve intelligent manufacturing due to easy deployment and flexible expansion.However,the high-precision control of WCRS requires deterministic wireless communication,which is always challenging in the complex and dynamic radio space.This paper employs the reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)to establish a novel RIS-assisted WCRS architecture,where the radio channel is controlled to achieve ultra-reliable,low-delay,and low-jitter communication for high-precision closed-loop motion control.However,control and communication are strongly coupled and should be co-optimized.Fully considering the constraints of control input threshold,control delay deadline,beam phase,antenna power,and information distortion,we establish a stability maximization problem to jointly optimize control input compensation,RIS phase shift,and beamforming.Herein,a new jitter-oriented system stability objective with respect to control error and communication jitter is defined and the closed-form expression of control delay deadline is derived based on the Jensen Inequality and Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional.Due to the time-varying and partial observability of the channel and robot states,we model the problem as a partially observable Markov decision process(POMDP).To solve this complex problem,we propose a multi-agent transfer reinforcement learning algorithm named LSTM-PPO-MATRL,where the LSTM-enhanced proximal policy optimization(PPO)is designed to approximate an optimal solution and the option-guided policy transfer learning is proposed to facilitate the learning process.By centralized training and decentralized execution,LSTM-PPO-MATRL is validated by extensive experiments on MuJoCo tasks for both low-mobility and high-mobility robotic control scenarios.The results demonstrate that LSTM-PPO-MATRL not only realizes high learning efficiency,but also supports low-delay,low-jitter communication for low error control,where 71.9%control accuracy improvement and 68.7%delay jitter reduction are achieved compared to the PPO-MADRL baseline.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2204101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(5257022607,52272163)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(lzujbky-2025-ytC02)the Key Research and Development Program of Gansu province(24YFGA005)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan for Distinguished Young Scholars in Shanxi Province of China(2024JC-JCQN-13)。
摘要The advancement of differential imaging and adaptive machine vision demands hardware capable of dynamic signal modulation,yet traditional photodetectors are limited by static doping profiles and fixed junction polarities.To overcome this bottleneck,we present a reconfigurable black phosphorus(BP)p-n homojunction photodetector engineered via in situ ferroelectric domain programming.By leveraging the non-volatile ferroelectric field of a bismuth ferrite substrate,we achieve precise,nondestructive modulation of the BP band structure,allowing for reversible switching between p-n and n-p configurations within a single device channel.This ferroelectric doping strategy effectively eliminates interface damage associated with ion implantation while enabling programmable rectification behaviors.The device demonstrates self-powered operation with a responsivity of 44 mA W−1 at 808 nm under zero-bias conditions.Crucially,we demonstrate a single-pixel imaging prototype where the reconfigurable junction polarity enables tunable edge sharpness and high-fidelity image reconstruction.This work establishes a paradigm for ferroelectrically programmable 2D devices,providing a versatile platform for differential imaging and contrast-enhancement optoelectronic applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20279 and 62288101)111 Project(111-2-05).
摘要Terahertz communication technology is envisioned as a promising candidate for the pivotal spectrum technology in future wireless communication networks.However,the limited penetration ability of terahertz waves makes line-of-sight(LoS)transmission indispensable,hindering the extensive application of terahertz communications.In this work,a novel liquid-crystal programmable metasurface(LCPM)is proposed for the first time,which can effectively achieve dual-broadband beam manipulation to improve link stability and extend coverage for terahertz communications in non-line-of-sight(NLoS)scenarios.The LCPM is operated in both the W band that covers 94 GHz and the D band that covers 140 GHz,corresponding to x-polarized and y-polarized wave incidence,respectively.Based on the proposed LCPM,realistic NLoS terahertz communication links are established and showcased.Communication measurements substantiate that the LCPM is capable of realizing extensive dynamic channel regulations and long-distance communications across both bands in various modulation schemes,supporting real-time high-speed video transmission.The experimental results validate the feasibility of employing the LCPM for terahertz wireless communications,paving the way for developing and implementing ubiquitous terahertz communication networks even with LoS blockage.
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research and Libraries,Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,through the Program of Research Project Funding After Publication,grant No.(RPFAP-82-1445)。
摘要This research proposes an improved Puma optimization algorithm(IPuma)as a novel dynamic recon-figuration tool for a photovoltaic(PV)array linked in total-cross-tied(TCT).The proposed algorithm utilizes the Newton-Raphson search rule(NRSR)to boost the exploration process,especially in search spaces with more local regions,and boost the exploitation with adaptive parameters alternating with random parameters in the original Puma.The effectiveness of the introduced IPuma is confirmed through comprehensive evaluations on the CEC’20 benchmark problems.It shows superior performance compared to both established and modern metaheuristic algorithms in terms of effectively navigating the search space and achieving convergence towards near-optimal regions.The findings indicated that the IPuma algorithm demonstrates considerable statistical promise and surpasses the performance of competing algorithms.In addition,the proposed IPuma is utilized to reconfigure a 9×9 PV array that operates under different shade patterns,such as lower triangular(LT),long wide(LW),and short wide(SW).In addition to other programmed approaches,such as the Whale optimization algorithm(WOA),grey wolf optimizer(GWO),Harris Hawks optimization(HHO),particle swarm optimization(PSO),gravitational search algorithm(GSA),biogeography-based optimization(BBO),sine cosine algorithm(SCA),equilibrium optimizer(EO),and original Puma,the indicated method is contrasted to the traditional configurations of TCT and Sudoku.In addition,the metrics of mismatch power loss,maximum efficiency improvement,efficiency improvement ratio,and peak-to-mean ratio are calculated to assess the effectiveness of the indicated approach.The proposed IPuma improved the generated power by 36.72%,28.03%,and 40.97%for SW,LW,and LT,respectively,outperforming the TCT configuration.In addition,it achieved the best maximum efficiency improvement among the algorithms considered,with 26.86%,21.89%,and 29.07%for the examined patterns.The results highlight the superiority and competence of the proposed approach in both convergence rates and stability,as well as applicability to dynamically reconfigure the PV system and enhance its harvested energy.
基金supported in part by Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.BE2023022-2)in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62471204,92367302)in part by Major Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(No.24KJA510003)。
摘要Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)is envisioned as a promising technology to improve the system capacity of 6G network,by controlling the electromagnetic wave propagation.Most existing works use the Central Limit Theorem(CLT)to analyze the performance of RIS-assisted systems for large number of reflective elements.However,the assumption of extremely large number of elements may not be practical in the actual situation.In addition,the CLT-based approximation yields an inaccurate scaling law of the outage probability when the transmit Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR)tends to infinity.Motivated by these limitations,in this paper,we investigate the performance of RIS-assisted cellular networks with multiple Device-to-Device(D2D)users under the general fading channels,i.e.,Nakagami-m fading channels.We propose a tractable solution to evaluate the outage probability and the ergodic achievable rate,which is accurate for any number of reflective elements,any network topology,as well as any SNR.In addition,the accurate approximations for the high SNR case and the large number of reflective elements case are further derived in simpler closed form.Numerical results verify the accuracy of our analytical results and analyze the performance between CLT and the proposed method.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.52075195,52475267)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology (Grant No.IMETKF2023016)。
摘要Manufacturing large-scale mechanical metamaterials(MMs) is extremely challenging owing to the limitations of machining technology and equipment.This study proposes a family of discretely assembled MMs to address this issue.In this work,six types of MM unit cells are divided into several face blocks,which can be mass-produced by traditional low-cost manufacturing processes.The discrete face blocks are then assembled using connectors and fasteners to form a unit cell.These assembled unit cells can be further discretely assembled for modular constructions and reconfigurable MM structure systems.The results show that the discretely assembled MMs exhibit excellent mechanical properties such as high stiffness,compression resistance,and auxetic and chiral behaviors.In addition,two typical application scenarios and an example show that the discrete assembly strategy provides accessibility for the heterogeneous and multi-material assemblies of MMs.The discrete assembly strategy,benefiting from the incremental assembly feature,is proven to be a low-cost and highly repeatable forming process.It provides scalability and functionality that are not achievable with traditional manufacturing techniques.Combined with advanced design methods and automated assembly processes,discretely assembled MMs will be significant in future intelligent structures,soft robotics,and aerospace.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52202156 and 52303306)the support from Anhui Project(Grant No.Z010118169)+3 种基金The University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province(Grant No.GXXT-2022-012)Key Natural Science Research Projects in Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province(Grant No.KJ2021A1088)Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province(Grant No.2022AH050113)Postdoctoral Daily Public Start-Up Funds of Anhui University(Grant No.S202418001/069)。
摘要The edge deployment of artificial intelligence has driven the exploitation of compact,energy-efficient information processing systems that integrate sensing,memory,and multi-task processing functions.However,conventional vision systems suffer from significant energyime overhead,extra hardware costs,and an unaffordable algorithm.Herein,we demonstrate an in-sensor computing system employing reconfigurable optoelectronic transistors(ROETs)for multi-task learning.These transistors exhibit reconfigurable volatile and nonvolatile characteristics under both optical and electrical stimuli.Capitalizing on this reconfigurability,we establish an in-sensor reservoir computing(RC)system operating in multi-signal modes:volatile dynamics function as the reservoir,whereas nonvolatile properties configure the readout layer.The abundant optoelectronic reservoir states display exceptional feature separability and prolonged stability in the ambient atmosphere.Such a reliable RC system successfully achieves multi-task processing of images.Notably,under the optoelectronic coordination mode,it effectively alleviates feature degradation while sustaining consistently high recognition accuracy.Furthermore,the system exhibits remarkable dynamic information processing capabilities,achieving recognition accuracies of 89.02%for dynamic gestures and 96.04%for moving vehicles recognition,respectively.Supplemental functionalities,including light adaptation and image sharpening,are also implemented.This work presents a configurable multimodal platform featuring a flexible in-sensor reservoir computing architecture,providing a potential solution for efficient multi-task processing.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2024YFE0201500in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62334008,Grant 62274154,Grant 62534004,Grant 92464103,Grant 62404218,Grant 62134004。
摘要Single-photon avalanche diode(SPAD)image sensors are widely used in direct time-of-flight(D-TOF)imaging,but their ranging performance is often constrained by limited laser power.This article presents a SPAD-based D-TOF imaging system that combines a reconfigurable macro-pixel sensor architecture with a lightweight depth completion algorithm to achieve long-range depth imaging with enhanced spatial resolution under low optical power.The proposed sensor adopts a back-side illuminated(BSI)3D-stacked architecture with programmable macro-pixels that enhance detection sensitivity and enable flexible sensitivity–resolution trade-offs.An injection-locked ring-oscillator-based time-to-digital converter(RO-TDC)array achieves a time resolution of 152.5 ps,enabling accurate TOF measurement at an optical power of 10 mW.To compensate for macropixel-induced resolution loss,a probabilistic normalized convolutional neural network(pNCNN)is employed for depth completion using sparse depth inputs only.Experimental results demonstrate that up to 30×effective resolution enhancement of the system can be achieved via the depth completion algorithm without changing the physical resolution of the sensor.Additionally,the proposed system achieves a maximum ranging distance of 90 m and a range-to-power figure-of-merit(FOM)of9 m/mW,which validates the effectiveness of the system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51905424,51522509)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.5000230133).
摘要The temperature response,mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of 1060-H24 pure aluminum sheet under different current densities and loading directions were systematically studied by using electric pulse-assisted tensile test and characterization techniques including electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and the athermal effect mechanism of strength−plasticity improvement was revealed.The findings demonstrate that following the application of electric pulse treatment at a current density of 5 A/mm²,the yield strengths and fracture strains in the 0°,45°and 90°directions are increased by 0.33%−3.34% and 2.62%−14.84%,respectively.Under the condition that the Joule temperature rise(≤2.4℃)caused by this current density is negligible,pulse current changes the intensities of Copper,Brass and S textures and causes the decrease of the geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)density and fraction of low-angle grain boundaries,which confirms the athermal effect.The slight strength increase stems from the competition between reduced dislocation strengthening due to GNDs decrease and enhanced strength through transformation of high-energy dislocation tangles into low-energy dislocation networks that optimize the hard-oriented{111}//RD texture.The improved fracture strain is attributed to current-induced uniform dislocation distribution and dislocation disentanglement-reorganization into nets.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3811502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62225108,62288101,and 62201139)+6 种基金the Jiangsu Province Frontier Leading Technology Basic Research Project(BK20212002)the Jiangsu Provincial Scientific Research Center of Applied Mathematics(BK20233002)the Program of Song Shan Laboratory(included in the management of the Major Science and Technology Program of Henan Province221100211300-02 and 221100211300-03)the 111 Project(111-2-05)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242022k60003,2242024RCB0005,and 2242024K30009)the Southeast University-China Mobile Research Institute Joint Innovation Center(R202111101112JZC02)。
摘要Programmable metasurfaces have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional ability to manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves in real time,propelling the emergence of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RISs)as a transformative advancement in wireless communication for controlling signal propagation and coverage.However,conventional RISs often suffer from a limited operational range and spectral interference,hindering their practical deployment in wireless relay and communication systems.To overcome this limitation,we propose an amplifying and filtering RIS(AF-RIS)to enhance the inband signal energy and filter the out-of-band signal of the incident EM waves,thereby achieving RIS array miniaturization and improved anti-interference capability.Furthermore,each AF-RIS element features 2-bit phase control,significantly improving the array's beamforming performance.A meticulously designed4×8 AF-RIS array is presented by integrating the power dividing and combining networks,which substantially reduces the number of amplifiers and filters,drastically decreasing the hardware costs and power consumption.The experimental results demonstrate the powerful capabilities of the AF-RIS in beam-steering,frequency selectivity,and signal amplification.Thus,the proposed AF-RIS offers significant potential for critical wireless relay applications by improving frequency selectivity,expanding signal coverage,and minimizing hardware size.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62371197in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province under Grant 2024A1515011172+1 种基金in part by the Indigenous Innovation’s Capability Development Program of Huizhou University under Grant HZU202516in part by the Professorial and Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Huizhou University under Grant 2022JB034。
摘要The emerging sixth-generation networks demand ultra-high-speed wideband transmissions.In this context,this study proposes a novel Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)-aided Incremental Relaying(IR)scheme that combines the complementary benefits of RISs and relay systems to enhance the achievable rate.In the proposed system,a relay is exploited to retransmit the source signal when the destination fails to decode the RIS-aided signal correctly.To assess the system performance,we analytically derive closed-form expressions for the outage probability and throughput of the RIS-aided IR scheme,using the central limit theorem.Simulation results validate the analytical findings and reveal that the proposed RIS-aided IR scheme significantly outperforms the conventional pure RIS and hybrid RIS-relay schemes in terms of both outage probability and throughput,highlighting its potential for improving communication-system performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62105061,12374301,and 62225404)the Jiangsu Provincial Frontier Technology Research and Development Program(Grant No.BF2024070)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2024YFA1210500)the Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education,Ministry of China,Soochow University。
摘要Unlocking the full potential of integrated photonics requires versatile,multi-functional devices that can adapt to diverse application demands.However,confronting this challenge with conventional singlefunction resonators often results in cumbersome system designs.We present an elegant solution:a versatile and reconfigurable dual-polarization Si3N4microresonator that represents a new perspective in on-chip photonic designs.Our device can be dynamically reconfigured into three distinct topologies:a Möbius-like microcavity,a Fabry-Pérot resonator,and a microring resonator.This unprecedented functionality is enabled by a tunable balanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer that facilitates controllable mutual mode coupling of counterpropagating light using a single control knob.We experimentally demonstrate that the device not only supports polarization-diverse operation on a compact footprint but also gives rise to a wide variety of physical phenomena,including a standing wave cavity,a traveling wave cavity,free spectral range multiplication,and the photonic pinning effect.These behaviors are accurately modeled using the transfer matrix method and intuitively explained by the temporal coupled-mode theory.Our results underscore the potential for a chip-scale platform to realize reconfigurable reconstructive spectrometers and on-chip synthetic dimensions for topological physics.
摘要Reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)have been cast as a promising alternative to alleviate blockage vulnerability and enhance coverage capability for terahertz(THz)communications.Owing to large-scale array elements at transceivers and RIS,the codebook based beamforming can be utilized in a computationally efficient manner.However,the codeword selection for analog beamforming is an intractable combinatorial optimization(CO)problem.To this end,by taking the CO problem as a classification problem,a multi-task learning based analog beam selection(MTL-ABS)framework is developed to implement cooperative beam selection concurrently at transceivers and RIS.In addition,residual network and self-attention mechanism are used to combat the network degradation and mine intrinsic THz channel features.Finally,the network convergence is analyzed from a blockwise perspective,and numerical results demonstrate that the MTL-ABS framework greatly decreases the beam selection overhead and achieves near optimal sum-rate compared with heuristic search based counterparts.
基金the appreciation to the Deanship of Postgraduate Studies and Scientic Research at Majmaah University for funding this research work through the project number(R-2026-141).
摘要The integration of wind-based DG introduces significant variability and uncertainty into the operation of distribution networks,which complicates the planning and decision-making process.This paper presents a dualobjective stochastic optimization framework for the optimal allocation of wind DG,considering dynamic network reconfiguration across multiple loading conditions.Probabilistic modeling of wind speed is integrated using the Weibull distribution and the associated wind power uncertainty is discretized through a scenario-based point estimation method.Variability in load is accounted for by considering multiple loading levels,and the integrated uncertainty space is constructed as the Cartesian product of wind scenarios and load profiles.The optimization seeks to minimize the total energy losses together with the enhancement of reliability,quantified through the expected energy not supplied.For the solution of the complex,nonlinear,multi-objective problem,the Improved Multi-Objective Grey Wolf Optimizer(I-MGWO)is developed,including quasi-oppositional population seeding,adaptive stochastic coeficient strategy,and dynamic convex combination position update.Simulation results on the IEEE 33-bus system demonstrate that the proposed integrated strategy of simultaneous wind DG allocation and network reconfiguration gives synergistic improvements,yielding up to 55.7%reduction in energy losses,and a reduction of up to 61.4%in EENS over the base case.In both convergence speed and solution quality,I-MGWO consistently outperforms conventional algorithms and gives a robust and computationally efficient tool for distribution system planning under uncertainty.