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Are we really seeing the big picture? Some reflections on the current debates in evolutionary biology 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 De-Xing ZHANG 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第1期217-220,共4页
After more than one hundred fifty years of the publication of On the Origin of Species by Darwin, scientists are still arguing on the relative importance of mutation and natural selection, on the driving force of orga... After more than one hundred fifty years of the publication of On the Origin of Species by Darwin, scientists are still arguing on the relative importance of mutation and natural selection, on the driving force of organismal evolution, on microevo- lution and macroevolution, etc. Such periodically repeated debates appeared to have introduced more chaos than musings. What happened and why？ Have we really considered our views, opinions and arguments under the big picture of evolution before pos- ing the questions？ Or are we talking past each other？ We do need some reflections. While we believe that the current evolutionary theory is doing fine, perhaps a refinement or re-encapsulation of its knowledge framework can help promote a better understanding of the evolutionary science as a whole and blow offthe mist over the big picture [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 217-220, 2015 ]. 展开更多
关键词 Mutation-driven evolution Development-driven evolution Macroevolution-driven evolution Evo-Devo Natural selection Toot-kit genes Hox genes
Surface segregation of InGaAs films by the evolution of reflection high-energy electron diffraction patterns 认领 引用 被引量：9
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作者 周勋 罗子江 +5 位作者 郭祥 张毕禅 尚林涛 周清 邓朝勇 丁召 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第4期428-431,共4页
Surface segregation is studied via the evolution of reflection high-energy electron diffraction （RHEED） patterns under different values of As4 BEP for InGaAs films. When the As4 BEP is set to be zero, the RHEED patt... Surface segregation is studied via the evolution of reflection high-energy electron diffraction （RHEED） patterns under different values of As4 BEP for InGaAs films. When the As4 BEP is set to be zero, the RHEED pattern keeps a 4x3/（nx3） structure with increasing temperature, and surface segregation takes place until 470 ℃ The RHEED pattern develops into a metal-rich （4x2） structure as temperature increases to 495℃. The reason for this is that surface segregation makes the In inside the InGaAs film climb to its surface. With the temperature increasing up to 515℃, the RHEED pattern turns into a GaAs（2x4） structure due to In desorption. While the As4 BEP comes up to a specific value （1.33 x 10-4 Pa-1.33 x 10-3 Pa）, the surface temperature can delay the segregation and desorption. We find that As4 BEP has a big influence on surface desorption, while surface segregation is more strongly dependent on temperature than surface desorption. 展开更多
关键词 reflection high-energy electron diffraction InGaAs films surface segregation surface desorption
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Seismic Reflection Characteristics and Evolution of Intrusions in the Qiongdongnan Basin: Implications for the Rifting of the South China Sea 认领 引用 被引量：11
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作者 Yanghui Zhao Dianjun Tong +2 位作者 Ying Song Linlong Yang Chao Huang 《Journal of Earth Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第4期642-653,共12页
The Qiongdongnan Basin（QDNB） is situated in the extensional zone at the vertex of the V-shaped northwest sub-basin, non-volcanic northern margin of the South China Sea（SCS）. From north to south, the thickness of t... The Qiongdongnan Basin（QDNB） is situated in the extensional zone at the vertex of the V-shaped northwest sub-basin, non-volcanic northern margin of the South China Sea（SCS）. From north to south, the thickness of the continental lithosphere decreases from 22 km on the northern continental shelf to 17 km at the deepest area of the central depression. A sharp change on the crustal structure is of importance to hydrocarbon exploration yet the dynamic causes remain unknown. A comprehensive study including （1） interpretation of seismic profiles,（2） P-wave velocity data modeling, and （3） magnetic anomalies analysis reveals that there are some high-density intrusions along the lithospheric thinning belt. Chaotic reflections can be found in the southwest of the QDNB, with a low velocity（〈3.4 km/s）, while in the center and the east, the intensively deformed strata passing towards the diapir flanks and their high velocities（〉6 km/s） suggest the existence of igneous diapirs. Diapirism differentiation are primarily achieved through analysis of the contact relationship and the thickness variations in the surrounding strata. The first phase of diapirism along the Songnan low uplift occurred in the Late Mesozoic, and the second phase of diapirism in a form of subsequent gas movement remained active until the Late Quaternary. The distribution and the evolution of the diapirs would have major implications for post-rift emplacement. 展开更多
关键词 Qiongdongnan Basin intrusion seismic reflection anomaly diapirism rifting of theSouth China Sea.
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Evolution of real contact area during stick-slip movement observed by total reflection method 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Zhijun Luo Baojiang Song +1 位作者 Jingyu Han Shaoze Yan 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第10期401-407,共7页
We build an experiment system based on total reflection(TR) method to observe the evolution of real contact area of polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) in the continual stick-slip movement. The bilateral friction is adopted... We build an experiment system based on total reflection(TR) method to observe the evolution of real contact area of polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) in the continual stick-slip movement. The bilateral friction is adopted to overcome the bending moment in the lateral friction movement. Besides some classical phenomena of stick-slip movement such as periodical slow increase of frictional force in sticking phase and a sudden drop when slipping, a special phenomenon that the contact area increases with the tangential force is observed, which was called junction growth by Tabor in 1959.Image processing methods are developed to observe the variation of the junction area. The results show that the center of the strongest contact region will keep sticking under the tangential force until the whole slipping, the strongest point undergoes three stages in one cycle, which are named as sticking stage, fretting stage, and cracking stage, respectively. The combined analysis reveals a physical process of stick-slip movement: the tangential force causes the increase of the real contact area, which reduces the pressure between the contact spots and finally leads to the slipping. Once slipping occurs,the real contact area drops to the original level resulting in the pressure increase to the original level, which makes the sticking happen again. 展开更多
关键词 total reflection stick-slip real contact area detachment junction growth
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Phylogenetic framework and evolution of Malvaceae s.l. 认领 引用
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作者 Wei-Long Yang Bing Chen +5 位作者 Pei-Feng Liu Shi-You Zuo Dong-Zhu Jiang Yu-Han Zhang Hua-Feng Wang Hong-Yang Li 《Tropical Plants》 CSCD 2026年第1期124-138,共15页
Understanding the evolutionary relationships and diversification of large,ecologically important plant families,such as Malvaceae s.l.,is crucial for understanding angiosperm evolution and biogeographic patterns.Malva... Understanding the evolutionary relationships and diversification of large,ecologically important plant families,such as Malvaceae s.l.,is crucial for understanding angiosperm evolution and biogeographic patterns.Malvaceae s.l.,known for its morphological diversity and complex evolutionary history,presents unique challenges in resolving phylogenetic relationships due to factors such as hybridization,introgression,polyploidy,and incomplete lineage sorting(ILS).This study addresses these complexities by reconstructing phylogenetic relationships,estimating divergence times,and inferring ancestral geographic distributions of Malvaceae s.l.using both plastid and nuclear genomic data.The analysis includes 134 species of Malvaceae s.l.and two outgroup species,strongly supports the division of Malvaceae s.l.into two primary clades,Byttneriina and Malvadendrina,while clarifying relationships among the subfamilies Dombeyoideae,Brownlowioideae,Sterculioideae,and Tilioideae.This study reconstructs the evolutionary history of Malvaceae s.l.based on plastid and nuclear genomic data,revealing deep phylogenetic discordance largely driven by incomplete lineage sorting,with additional signals of localized introgression within subfamilies.Divergence time estimates place the origin of Malvaceae s.l.at approximately 134.31 Ma(95%HPD=123.16–138.33 Ma),representing its initial split from the outgroup lineage.The crown diversification of the family,corresponding to the divergence between its two major clades,Byttneriina and Malvadendrina,occurred around 119.38 Ma(95%HPD=106.48–130.92 Ma).Ancestral range reconstructions support an African origin,followed by dispersal to tropical regions worldwide.Specifically,the ancestors of the Malvadendrina clade likely dispersed from Africa to South America,while Byttneriina shows strong ties to a North American origin. 展开更多
关键词 angiosperm evolution biogeographic patternsmalvaceae incomplete lineage sorting ils Malvaceae s l diversification angiosperm evolution resolving phylogenetic relationships understanding evolutionary relationships diversification evolutionary relationships
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Features of Reflection of Persons With Psychotic Disorder: Mechanisms of Psychosis Formation 认领 引用
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作者 Morozyuk Svetlana Nikolaevna Morozyuk Yuri Vitalevich Kuznetsova Elena Sergeevna 《US-China Education Review(A)》 2026年第4期265-273,共9页
This article presents the results of an empirical study of the reflection features of individuals with acute polymorphic psychotic personality disorder.The cognitive-emotive test(CET)by Yu.M.Orlova and S.N.Morozyuk(CA... This article presents the results of an empirical study of the reflection features of individuals with acute polymorphic psychotic personality disorder.The cognitive-emotive test(CET)by Yu.M.Orlova and S.N.Morozyuk(CAT)was used as a method.The study involved 29 respondents-men(17 people)and women(12 people)aged 18-45 years with acute polymorphic psychotic personality disorder.All patients were in remission. 展开更多
关键词 reflection protective reflection sanogenic reflection psychosis bipolar personality disorder compensatory functions psychological defense mechanisms
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Tailoring the d-band center of iridium-doped cobalt selenide for dual-boosted hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Lulu An Jiang Zhu +1 位作者 Junhao Yang Deli Wang 《Nano Materials Science》 EI CAS CSCD 2026年第3期703-709,共7页
Designing effective electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is essential for the advancement of water electrolysis.Herein,iridium-doped CoSe2(Ir–CoSe2)nanobelts wi... Designing effective electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is essential for the advancement of water electrolysis.Herein,iridium-doped CoSe2(Ir–CoSe2)nanobelts with tailored d-band center are designed to boost both HER and OER in alkaline electrolytes.On the one hand,the adsorption ability of H2O and hydrogen on Ir–CoSe2 is increased due to the upshifted d-band center induced by the electron transfer from CoSe2 to Ir,inducing good HER activity with an overpotential of 126 mV at 10 mA cm-2.On the other hand,the upshifted d-band center of Ir–CoSe2 facilitates the H2O adsorption and ensures the effective exposure of real active sites,resulting in good OER activity with an overpotential of 239 mV at 10 mA cm-2.Meanwhile,when using Ir–CoSe2 as catalysts for alkaline overall water splitting on both HER and OER,a lower voltage of 1.57 V at 10 mA cm-2 is achieved,indicating a good activity and great potential for practical water electrolysis.This work gives an effective method for the rational design of electrocatalysts with customized d-band structures for bifunctional catalysis. 展开更多
关键词 Water electrolysis Hydrogen evolution reaction Oxygen evolution reaction Iridium-doping Bifunctional catalysis
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Compact formulation of the augmented evolution equation for optimal control computation 认领 引用
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作者 Sheng Zhang Jiangtao Huang +2 位作者 Gang Liu Fei Liao Fangfang Hu 《Control Theory and Technology》 EI CSCD 2026年第1期96-110,共15页
The augmented evolution equation is established under the framework of the Variation Evolving Method(VEM)that seeks optimal solutions by solving the transformed Initial-Value Problems(IVPs).To improve the numerical pe... The augmented evolution equation is established under the framework of the Variation Evolving Method(VEM)that seeks optimal solutions by solving the transformed Initial-Value Problems(IVPs).To improve the numerical performance,its compact form is developed herein.Through replacing the states and costates variation evolution with that of the controls,the dimension-reduced Evolution Partial Differential Equation(EPDE)only solves the control variables along the variation time to get the optimal solution,and the initial conditions for the definite solution may be arbitrary.With this equation,the scale of the resulting IVPs,obtained via the semi-discrete method,is significantly reduced and they may be solved with common Ordinary Differential Equation(ODE)integration methods conveniently.Meanwhile,the state and the costate dynamics share consistent stability in the numerical computation and this avoids the intrinsic numerical difficulty as in the indirect methods.Numerical examples are solved and it is shown that the compact form evolution equation outperforms the primary form in the precision,and the efficiency may be higher for the dense discretization.Actually,it is uncovered that the compact form of the augmented evolution equation is a continuous realization of the Newton type iteration mechanism. 展开更多
关键词 Optimal control Lyapunov dynamics stability Variation evolution Evolution partial differential equation Initial-value problem
Theory Evolution Optimization:A Metaheuristic Algorithm BaSed on Evolution Process of Theory 认领 引用
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作者 Jiacong Liu Jiaze Tu +5 位作者 Chunguang Bi Huiling Chen Ali Asghar Heidari Hao Xie Lei Liu Yi Chen 《Journal of Bionic Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2026年第2期1015-1060,共46页
Metaheuristic algorithms have emerged as indispensable tools for solving NP-hard optimization problems that defy traditional methods.To advance the field’s focus on algorithmic performance,this study introduces the T... Metaheuristic algorithms have emerged as indispensable tools for solving NP-hard optimization problems that defy traditional methods.To advance the field’s focus on algorithmic performance,this study introduces the Theory Evolution Optimization(TEO)–an efficient metaheuristic inspired by the evolution of scientific theory.TEO simulates the competitive,accumulative,and replacement processes among scientific hypotheses,mirroring the evolution from a hypothesis to an established scientific theory.The performance of TEO is validated through extensive experimental simulations and benchmarked against 28 popular algorithms,including highly competitive champions such as EBOwithCMAR,LSHADE_cnEpSi,and LSHADE.Pairwise comparisons between TEO and the latest algorithms are conducted using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test,with multiple comparisons managed by the Friedman test.Initially,TEO is tested on the classical IEEE CEC2017 and the latest IEEE CEC2022 benchmark functions.TEO successfully addresses four prominent engineering design problems in constrained continuous space for practical applications.Additionally,a binary TEO(BTEO)variant is introduced and applied to feature selection tasks in discrete space.Experimental results consistently demonstrate that TEO proposes highly competitive outcomes in optimization problems.The source codes for this research are accessible to the public at http://gffzze767f4cc5ce545d8skfcp9of699f96x6f.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/TEO.html. 展开更多
关键词 Optimization,metaheuristic algorithms Evolution of scientific theory Theory evolution optimizers Engineering design optimization Feature selection
Unveiling cell-type-specific mode of evolution in comparative single-cell expression data 认领 引用
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作者 Tian Qin Hongju Zhang Zhengting Zou 《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第1期28-42,共15页
While methodology for determining the mode of evolution in coding sequences has been well established,evaluation of adaptation events in emerging types of phenotype data needs further development.Here,we propose an an... While methodology for determining the mode of evolution in coding sequences has been well established,evaluation of adaptation events in emerging types of phenotype data needs further development.Here,we propose an analysis framework(expression variance decomposition,EVaDe)for comparative single-cell expression data based on phenotypic evolution theory.After decomposing the gene expression variance into separate components,we use two strategies to identify genes exhibiting large between-taxon expression divergence and small within-cell-type expression noise in certain cell types,attributing this pattern to putative adaptive evolution.In a dataset of primate prefrontal cortex,we find that such humanspecific key genes enrich with neurodevelopment-related functions,while most other genes exhibit neutral evolution patterns.Specific neuron types are found to harbor more of these key genes than other cell types,thus likely to have experienced more extensive adaptation.Reassuringly,at the molecular sequence level,the key genes are significantly associated with the rapidly evolving conserved non-coding elements.An additional case analysis comparing the naked mole-rat(NMR)with the mouse suggests that innateimmunity-related genes and cell types have undergone putative expression adaptation in NMR.Overall,the EVaDe framework may effectively probe adaptive evolution mode in single-cell expression data. 展开更多
关键词 Single-cell transcriptomics Gene expression Adaptive evolution Cell type Phenotypic evolution Prefrontal cortex Naked mole-rat
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Molecular enhancement of platinum electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution 认领 引用
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作者 Li-Ming Cao Chun-Ting He 《Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期4-6,共3页
The hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)holds fundamental impor-tance for advancing renewable energy technologies.HER kinetics in alkaline media is significantly slower than in acidic environments,highlighting the importa... The hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)holds fundamental impor-tance for advancing renewable energy technologies.HER kinetics in alkaline media is significantly slower than in acidic environments,highlighting the importance of developing highly active alkaline elec-trocatalysts. 展开更多
关键词 hydrogen evolution reaction her holds hydrogen evolution reaction advancing renewable energy technologiesher platinum electrocatalysts molecular enhancement renewable energy technologies kinetics alkaline media
Natural and artificial evolution of acetolactate synthase for crop breeding 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Wenbo Pan Yaoyao Zhu +4 位作者 Pingdong Li Zhiqiang Li Chunjue Xu Man Jin Xiaoyan Tang 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第1期95-106,共12页
Acetolactate synthase(ALS)-targeting herbicides are among the most widely used weed-control chemicals globally.Mutations in the ALS gene can confer herbicide resistance in crops,thereby allowing selective elimination ... Acetolactate synthase(ALS)-targeting herbicides are among the most widely used weed-control chemicals globally.Mutations in the ALS gene can confer herbicide resistance in crops,thereby allowing selective elimination of weeds without harming crops.Herbicide-resistant ALS alleles were initially discovered in weeds and subsequently developed through artificial mutagenesis techniques.With the advancement of CRISPR/Cas technologies,various genome-editing tools are now available to introduce these resistant alleles,as well as novel variants,into diverse crop species.Moreover,emerging methodologies,such as directed evolution,enable the generation and screening of large populations of random ALS mutants.Consequently,ALS has become one of the most extensively targeted genes in plant gene evolution.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of both conventional and recently developed strategies for ALS evolution,with particular emphasis on CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing and directed evolution.Future perspectives on technological application are also discussed.By advancing our understanding of herbicide-resistant ALS allele development for crop improvement,these methodologies may also pave the way for their application to the evolution of other agronomically important genes. 展开更多
关键词 Herbicide resistance Acetolactate synthase Genome editing Directed evolution
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Evolution of a Community of Practice in the Bedouin Preschool PDS Group Program: Feedback, Reflection, Identity, and Learning Traits 认领 引用
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作者 Saleem Abu Jaber Zvi Liraz 《US-China Education Review(A)》 2024年第4期239-252,共14页
One of the challenges of training teachers in the Academia Class Program in general,and in Bedouin society in particular,is to bridge the gap of identity among students and mentors.A gap exists between an academic fie... One of the challenges of training teachers in the Academia Class Program in general,and in Bedouin society in particular,is to bridge the gap of identity among students and mentors.A gap exists between an academic field,which conveys knowledge,measures and evaluates,and a working arena,guiding and educating through social experience,knowledge development,and human growth.It is a gap between academic theory conveyed from above and personal grassroots knowhow which arises from field experience.This study explores attributes generating intrinsic learning,such as identity,inquisitiveness,and reflection.In the third year of training at the preschool academia program students are nearly full-fledged preschool teachers.This study followed the personal development and knowledge growth of students who studied reflectively actions bottom-up and top-down,gained feedback and modification,and repeated action,to achieve self-enhancement of professionalism as future preschool teachers. 展开更多
关键词 PDS(professional development schools) kindergarten active learning reflection psychological safety inquisitiveness
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Linking evolution of heterogeneous microstructure and rheology of granite to 1000℃ 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 Liyuan Liu Shengwen Luo +4 位作者 Derek Elsworth Kai Liu Yifan Luo Hongguang Ji Tao Wang 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第3期1842-1857,共16页
The study of the effects of thermal damage on the mineral components,microstructure,and macroscopic physico-mechanical properties of rocks can provide valuable references for rock engineering design and long-term safe... The study of the effects of thermal damage on the mineral components,microstructure,and macroscopic physico-mechanical properties of rocks can provide valuable references for rock engineering design and long-term safety evaluations.In this work,we systematically study the evolution of microstructure and variations in the mechanical properties of granite under high-temperature conditions.The microstructural changes and macro-mechanical properties of rocks are investigated across a temperature range of 25℃–1000℃ through the application of characterization techniques,macro-mechanical experiments,and numerical simulations.High temperatures induce the gradual evolution of micropores and mesopores into macropores,culminating in a significant increase in porosity,with the most rapid rate of increase occurring at 400℃.The X-ray diffraction(XRD)results indicate that the high-temperature environment(below 1000℃)specifically affects the intensity of the maximum diffraction peaks and the half-height width(FWHM)of each mineral component in the granite.The scanning electron microscope(SEM)observation confirms the development of fracture and the reduction in cementation between mineral particles under different temperatures.Additionally,uniaxial and triaxial compression tests were conducted using the GCTS mechanical loading system.Experimental results reveal that the threshold temperature for granite damage is 400℃,and the temperature range for the brittle-ductile transition of granite lies roughly between 600℃ and 800℃.Numerical simulations were performed by employing non-homogeneous rock damage theory and a thermal-mechanical-damage coupling model.Simulated results align well with experimental data.Specifically,the simulations demonstrate that high-temperature treatment causes the redistribution of microstructure in granite,resulting in increased heterogeneity and a change in the failure morphology. 展开更多
关键词 High temperature treatment Thermal damage Microstructure evolution Thermal-mechanical-damage coupling Rock heterogeneity
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Oxygen radical coupling on asymmetric Ni-Co dual-sites induced by rare earth hydroxides for enhanced alkaline oxygen evolution reaction 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Jiamin Zhu Shuhui Li +7 位作者 Yue Zhai Zejin Lin Jingzhi Yang Shanshan Wu Nan Zhang Li An Pinxian Xi Chun-Hua Yan 《Journal of Rare Earths》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第2期577-585,共9页
The reaction pathway plays a pivotal role in determining the catalytic activity of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).However,regulating the microscopic reaction pathway through interface construction remains a signif... The reaction pathway plays a pivotal role in determining the catalytic activity of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).However,regulating the microscopic reaction pathway through interface construction remains a significant challenge.In this study,an interface between amorphous rare earth hydroxides and crystalline spinel NiCo2O4was constructed via selective oxidation.The interface structural units accelerate reconstruction,leading to enhanced catalytic activity,which was observed by in situ Raman spectroscopy.The amorphous RE(OH)3(RE=Y and Eu)optimize asymmetric Ni-Co dual-sites,thereby altering the OER reaction pathway.Specifically,Y(OH)3/NiCo2O4operates through the lattice oxygen mechanism(LOM)at the expense of structural stability,whereas Eu(OH)3/NiCo2O4follows the oxygen pathway mechanism(OPM),preserving both catalytic activity and stability.This study offers a novel approach to controlling reaction pathways and proposes a new strategy for interface construction using rare earth hydroxides. 展开更多
关键词 Asymmetric dual-sites Mechanism regulation Spinel Rare earth hydroxides Oxygen evolution reaction
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Uncovering the urban-rural integration of China over the past 40 years:Measurement framework and spatial-temporal evolution 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Chuanglin Fang Kewen Wang +6 位作者 Zehui Chen Zhitao Liu Menghang Liu Biao Sun Xia Liao Lingyu Meng Zhiying Yang 《Geography and Sustainability》 CSCD 2026年第3期51-62,共12页
Alleviating the imbalance between urban and rural areas for regional coordinated development is an imperative response to the Sustainable Development Goal 10 of the United Nations.To track China’s urban-rural integra... Alleviating the imbalance between urban and rural areas for regional coordinated development is an imperative response to the Sustainable Development Goal 10 of the United Nations.To track China’s urban-rural integration progress and address the uneven issues in specific fields,this study constructed a novel seven-dimension index system of urban-rural integration,comprising free population mobility,efficient land transfer,interactive economic growth,highly-linked transportation,equal public services,joint environmental governance and unimpeded informatization between urban and rural areas.Based on a comprehensive measurement framework and multi-source panel data,we uncovered the spatial-temporal evolution of urban-rural integration in China’s 367 prefecture-level administrative units from 1980 to 2022.The results demonstrated that China’s urban-rural integration steadily increased from 27.51 to 57.35 with an average annual growth rate of 3.40%.Whereas,the overall urban-rural integration was relatively inferior in 2022,at the level of moderate integration whose proportion of China’s land area was 88.08%.The urban-rural integration level in eastern region and urban agglomerations was higher than that in mid-west and non-urban agglomerations.From the perspective of seven dimensions,interactive economic growth,joint environmental governance and unimpeded informatization made an obvious improvement and reached higher integration,while free population mobility,efficient land transfer,highly-linked transportation and equal public services maintained the stage of moderate integration in 2022.In the future,China should make targeted efforts for urban-rural integration in terms of population,land use,transportation and public services,and accelerate urban-rural common prosperity in the mid-west and economically underdeveloped areas. 展开更多
关键词 Urban-rural integration Measurement framework Spatial-temporal evolution Heterogeneity China
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Bearing capacity,shear band evolution,and deformation characteristics of slopes reinforced by root-inspired anchors using transparent soil model testing 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Ruijie Huang Wengang Zhang +6 位作者 Jiaying Xiang Ningning Zhang Matteo Oryem Ciantia Jian Yin Leilei Liu Jushan Wang Anzhai Fei 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第1期457-471,共15页
Root-inspired anchorage systems in the field of bio-inspired geotechnics are renowned for enhancing the pullout capacity of traditional geotechnical anchorage systems by simulating the morphology and architecture of p... Root-inspired anchorage systems in the field of bio-inspired geotechnics are renowned for enhancing the pullout capacity of traditional geotechnical anchorage systems by simulating the morphology and architecture of plant root systems.However,limited studies have explored their practical applications,particularly in improving slope stability.To fill this gap,this study investigates the reinforcement effect of root-inspired anchors on slope stabilization using transparent soil modeling and 3D-printed anchors,and examines the impact of anchor branching patterns(i.e.branching numbers,branching angle,and branching nodes)on slope bearing capacity,shear band evolution,and temporal and spatial variation of slope deformation.The results show that peak slope bearing capacity increases with branching numbers and branching angles,correlating with the envelope area of the curved shear band.Upper anchors result in step-like deflections in the shear band near the trailing edge,while lower anchors convert the upward concave shear band into an upward convex one,thus increasing the slope bearing capacity.Slope deformation is minimized with intermediate branching parameters,such as a branching number of 4 and a branching angle of 45°.The anchor reinforcement mechanisms,i.e.anchor rod shear resistance,interface friction,anchor pullout capacity,and plate tightening effects,are comprehensively discussed,and the installation effects resulting from compromise slope modeling are identified as the contributors.These findings shed light on the failure process of root-inspired anchors reinforced slopes and provide a preliminary reference for potential applications,especially for the tradeoff between anchor branching,slope deformation,and slope stability. 展开更多
关键词 Bio-inspired geotechnics Root-inspired anchors Transparent cemented soil Slope bearing capacity Shear band evolution
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Insights into crystal growth and morphology evolution mechanism of multi-component carbide:Experiments and first-principles calculations 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yong Fan Yuyao Chen +7 位作者 Jin Wang Lei Gu Kaixuan Zhou Yuanyuan Gong Wei Liu Yonghao Zhao Xiangfa Liu Jinfeng Nie 《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第1期27-34,共8页
Multi-component transition metal carbides(MTMCs)have garnered significant attention for their out-standing high-temperature stability and versatile properties,which make them ideal candidates for a wide range of indus... Multi-component transition metal carbides(MTMCs)have garnered significant attention for their out-standing high-temperature stability and versatile properties,which make them ideal candidates for a wide range of industrial applications.However,the underlying mechanisms governing the crystal growth and morphological evolution of MTMCs remain poorly understood,hindering the design of materials with tailored characteristics.In this paper,we employ an in-situ liquid-solid reaction method to synthesize(HfTaZrNbTi)C MTMC powders and explore their crystal growth and morphology evolution.The synthesized(TiZrHfNbTa)C powders exhibit two distinct morphologies:cubic,primarily composed of Ti,Hf,Ta,and Zr with a small amount of Nb,and octahedral,rich in Ti and Ta with minor amounts of Hf,Nb,and Zr.First-principles calculations show that the surface energy of the(100)plane is lower than the(111)plane,leading to the formation of the cubic morphology.The octahedral morphology forms due to decreased mixing entropy and higher theoretical density compared to cubic particles.Our findings provide valuable insights into the crystal growth and morphology evolution mechanisms of high-entropy ceramics,contributing to the rational design of MTMCs with engineered crystal structures for diverse structural and functional applications. 展开更多
关键词 Multi-component carbide First-principles calculations Crystal growth Morphology evolution mechanism
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Dynamic evolution of copper-based catalysts during CO2 electroreduction 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Zhizheng Wu Pengpeng Yang Minrui Gao 《Nano Materials Science》 EI CAS CSCD 2026年第3期687-702,共16页
The CO2 electroreduction reaction(CO2RR)is a promising approach of using renewable electricity to synthesize fuels and value-added chemicals.At present,Cu is generally considered to be the major monometallic cat... The CO2 electroreduction reaction(CO2RR)is a promising approach of using renewable electricity to synthesize fuels and value-added chemicals.At present,Cu is generally considered to be the major monometallic catalyst capable of producing multicarbon products(C2+)with high current densities from the CO2RR,but it still suffers from the low activity and high overpotential.The challenge of sluggish CO2RR kinetics can be overcome by developing efficient Cu-based catalysts,which undergo the dynamic evolution during the reaction process.The dynamic evolution of the Cu-based catalysts taking place under working conditions makes it difficult to study the structure-activity correlation and reaction mechanism present during CO2RR.Recently,a number of important works have observed and revealed the dynamic evolution process of Cu-based catalysts by operando characterization techniques.This aspect,however,remains less summarized and prospected in the CO2RR literature.In this Review,we summarize the dynamic evolution of Cu-based catalysts during the CO2RR from aspects of structure,composition and oxidation state.We highlight the correlations between evolution behaviors and catalytic properties.Then,we discuss the dynamic deactivation process of Cu-based catalysts during CO2RR,including metal impurities contamination and carbon accumulation.In particular,we introduce recent advancements in in situ characterization techniques those are employed to probe the dynamic evolution under operating conditions.We end the Review by outlining the challenges and offering personal perspectives on the future development opportunities in this field. 展开更多
关键词 Copper-based catalysts CO2electroreduction reaction Dynamic evolution
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Oxygen-Vacancy-Engineered Ni-Fe Layered Double Hydroxides Enables Ultralow-Overpotential Hydrogen Evolution Reaction and Durable Overall Water Splitting 认领 引用
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作者 Qi Liu Zhiling Du +6 位作者 Lei Wu Minna Guo Botao Zhu Wenting Cai Lai Feng Jun Lv Wangqiang Shen 《Rare Metals》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第5期667-677,共11页
Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)are attractive non-noble catalysts for overall water splitting(OWS),yet their hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)activity is often limited by suboptimal*H adsorption and a paucity of access... Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)are attractive non-noble catalysts for overall water splitting(OWS),yet their hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)activity is often limited by suboptimal*H adsorption and a paucity of accessible sites.Herein,we introduce an oxygen-vacancy(Ov)engineering strategy to construct ultrathin Ni-Fe LDH nanosheets through one-step hydrothermal synthesis followed by mild NaBH4 etching.The resulting Ov-rich Ni-Fe LDH exhibits expanded interlayer spacing and abundant coordinatively unsaturated metal sites,as confirmed by XRD,XPS/O 1s deconvolution,and a pronounced electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)signal at g≈2.003.Benefiting from the nanosheet architecture and defect modulation,the catalyst delivers an ultralow HER overpotential of 37 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and an oxygen evolution reaction(OER)overpotential of 315 mV at 50 mA cm-2.A two-electrode alkaline electrolyzer assembled from the same material achieves10 mA cm-2 at 1.54 V and sustains 500 mA cm-2 for>150 h with negligible decay,underscoring practical durability.In situ Raman reveals an earlier formation of the active NiFeOOH phase under anodic polarization,whereas DFT identifies Ni sites as the dominant centers and shows that Ov upshifts the d-band(HER)and downshifts it(OER)to optimize intermediate adsorption/desorption,lowering the rate-determining energy barriers.This study proposes a feasible approach for fabricating LDH-based electrocatalysts with enhanced catalytic performance in sustainable and clean energy conversion. 展开更多
关键词 electrocatalysis hydrogen evolution reaction layered double hydroxide oxygen evolution reaction oxygen vacancy
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