Molecular tailoring of self-assembled hole-transporting monolayers(SAMs)has been proven as an efficient approach for improving the device performance of inverted perovskite solar cells.Herein,a novel SAM with extended...Molecular tailoring of self-assembled hole-transporting monolayers(SAMs)has been proven as an efficient approach for improving the device performance of inverted perovskite solar cells.Herein,a novel SAM with extended conjugation is designed and synthesized,named NaPh-4PACz.Compared to Ph-4PACz,NaPh-4PACz exhibits a larger adsorption energy with the ITO substrate,enabling the formation of a more uniform and dense film,thereby preventing direct contact between the perovskite and ITO.Additionally,NaPh-4PACz also has a stronger interaction with the perovskite,which can reduce buried interface defects and suppress non-radiative recombination.Consequently,NaPh-4PACz-based devices achieved a power conversion efficiency of 25.48%due to their interfacial“adhesive”ability.Importantly,the stability of the NaPh-4PACz-based devices was significantly improved.展开更多
Lysine-targeting reversible covalent inhibitors,particularly salicylaldehyde-based compounds such as the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug Voxelotor,exhibit significant therapeutic potential but are limi...Lysine-targeting reversible covalent inhibitors,particularly salicylaldehyde-based compounds such as the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug Voxelotor,exhibit significant therapeutic potential but are limited by challenges including instability and off-target effects.To overcome these limitations in kinase inhibitor A5,we devised a pH-responsive prodrug strategy by masking its reactive aldehyde group with an acid-labile hydrazone linkage and enhancing intracellular delivery through conjugation with FK506.The optimized prodrug demonstrated robust antitumor efficacy in K562 tumor-bearing mice.Furthermore,the incorporation of the photosensitizer chlorin e6(Ce6)led to the formation of self-assembled nanoparticles(AKNP),which not only improved physiological stability and prolonged tumor retention but also enabled light-triggered release of A5 in conjunction with photodynamic therapy(PDT).Our study thus presents a promising prodrug self-assembly strategy that combines the on-demand release of a novel lysine-targeting,reversible covalent kinase inhibitor with PDT in clinical cancer therapy.展开更多
Monolithic perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells(PSTs)represent a promising avenue for surpassing the efficiency limits of single-junction photovoltaics,but their performance is still hampered by significant open-circ...Monolithic perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells(PSTs)represent a promising avenue for surpassing the efficiency limits of single-junction photovoltaics,but their performance is still hampered by significant open-circuit voltage(VOC)losses arising from interfacial inefficient charge extraction and non-radiative recombination.To mitigate these losses,we introduce a push–pull bridging molecule,4′-amino-[1,1′-bi phenyl]-4-carboxylic acid(ABBA),which forms a 2 PACz/ABBA assembly through phosphor-amidate.The 2 PACz/ABBA assembly suppresses 2 PACz aggregation caused byπ-πstacking while simultaneously enhancing the interfacial dipole moment,thereby facilitating the built-in electric field to promote more efficient hole extraction.Meanwhile,–COOH groups within ABBA passivate deep-level defects(e.g.,uncoordinated Pb2+)at buried perovskite interface and contribute to the growth of perovskite films with large grains,reduced residual stress,and optimized energy level alignment.Consequently,the champion tandem device fabricated via the two-step sequential vapor-solution process achieves a PCE of 30.37% and an open-circuit voltage(VOC)of 1.891 V.Furthermore,unencapsulated devices maintain 88%of their initial performance after 1000 h under maximum power point tracking(MPPT),highlighting its superior stability.展开更多
Graphitic carbon nitride(g-CN)stands out as the most promising candidate for solar energy conversion owing to its easy preparation,metal-free nature,flexible molecular structure,moderate bandgap,and excellent thermal/...Graphitic carbon nitride(g-CN)stands out as the most promising candidate for solar energy conversion owing to its easy preparation,metal-free nature,flexible molecular structure,moderate bandgap,and excellent thermal/chemical stability.To enhance the performance of intrinsic g-CN,a supramolecular self-assembly strategy has been proposed to regulate the molecular structure of supramolecular precursors through non-covalent interactions across molecular building blocks,thereby optimizing the electronic structure of g-CN.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in supramolecular self-assembly-derived graphitic carbon nitride(SM-CN)from both experimental and theoretical computational research in synthesis strategies,including synthesis methods and influencing factors,providing a theoretical foundation for the design of supramolecular assembly.It also discusses modification strategies,such as internal modification of the conjugated plane,interlayer optimization,and construction of heterointerfaces to improve the electronic structure of SM-CN owing to its unique layered structure.This review further summarizes the applications of SM-CN in environment and energy,including wastewater treatment,sterilization and disinfection/air purification,water splitting,H2O2production,organic synthesis/biomass conversion,CO2reduction,photocatalytic coupling technology.Finally,perspectives and outlooks for the future development of SM-CN aim to inspire further innovation in the design and construction of high-performance SM-CN for broader applications.展开更多
Localized high-concentration electrolytes(LHCEs)are considered as promising electrolyte candidates to resolve technical issues of metal batteries owing to their unique interfacial properties and solvation structures.H...Localized high-concentration electrolytes(LHCEs)are considered as promising electrolyte candidates to resolve technical issues of metal batteries owing to their unique interfacial properties and solvation structures.Herein,we propose a self-assembly chemical strategy into the LCHEs induced by ordered nanostructure of zwitterionic co-solutes for highly efficient and ultrastable zinc(Zn)metal batteries.Through the systematic screening of six zwitterionic compounds,3-(decyldimethylammonio)propanesulfonate salt(C10)with the decyl chain and zwitterions was determined as an optimum to construct quasi-spherical aggregates with a periodic length of 3.77 nm,as confirmed by comprehensive synchronous small-angle X-ray scattering,Guinier,pair distance distribution function,Porod,and other spectroscopic characterizations and molecular dynamic simulation.In particularly,this self-assembled structure in electrolyte environments was attributed to increasing the proportion of both contact and aggregated ion pairs for the formation of LHCEs as well as to providing fast and selective Zn2+conducting channels and uniform solid electrolyte interfaces for facilitated charge transfer kinetics.Moreover,the preferential adsorption of the self-assembled C10on the Zn(002)surface modulated the electrical double layer to suppress hydrogen evolution and corrosion reactions.Consequently,the Zn‖Zn symmetric cells in Zn(OTf)2/C10electrolytes showed long-term plating/stripping behaviors over 2800 h at 1 mA cm-2and 1 mAh cm-2as well as over 1200 h even at 5 mA cm-2and 5 mAh cm-2with a very high depth of discharge of 42.7%.Furthermore,the ZnllVO2/CNT full cells in Zn(OTf)2/C10electrolytes delivered a record-high capacity of 8.10 mAh cm-2at an ultrahigh cathode mass loading of 50 mg cm-2after 150 cycles.展开更多
Recently,self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)have been confirmedas a promising hole-selective contact and interfacial modifier for inverted perovskitesolar cells(IPSCs),contributing to an inspiring record power conversion ...Recently,self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)have been confirmedas a promising hole-selective contact and interfacial modifier for inverted perovskitesolar cells(IPSCs),contributing to an inspiring record power conversion efficiencyclose to 27%,along with excellent stability.This review demonstrates the criticalrole of SAMs in enhancing the performance of IPSCs.First,the structure-propertyand structure-stability relationship of SAMs is systematically expounded by examiningtheir electronic structure,spatial configuration,and the resulting intermolecularforces.Second,it concludes the underlying mechanisms how their unique propertiespromote the performance of IPSCs,including energy-level alignment,defectpassivation,improved interface carrier extractionransport,and the suppression ofion migration.Third,the applications of SAMs in IPSCs are systematically summarized,covering their roles as hole-selective contacts,interface modifiers,and ascomponents in Co-SAMs strategies.Large-scalable fabrication methods are alsosummarized to promote industrial processing of IPSCs.Finally,the prevailing challengesand future research directions are outlined,proposing a roadmap for designingSAM-based IPSCs with superior longevity.By critically evaluating the pivotal role of SAMs,this review provides a strategic frameworkto guide future research and accelerate the development of self-assembled molecules in high-performance and stable photovoltaic devices.展开更多
Constructing nanofibers with specific therapeutic effects against cancer is a challenge.Here,we present the synthesis approach and application prospects of supramolecular nanofibers,which are based on cucurbit[8]uril(...Constructing nanofibers with specific therapeutic effects against cancer is a challenge.Here,we present the synthesis approach and application prospects of supramolecular nanofibers,which are based on cucurbit[8]uril(CB[8])as the host and terpyridine lanthanum ions metal complex as the guest,constructed by layer-by-layer self-assembly through supramolecular interaction.Moreover,nanofibers with lanthanide luminescence properties exhibit surprising pH-responsive deformation properties and antibacterial behavior.In the tumor micro-environment,the dramatic reduction in the size of the nanofibers enables specific and hierarchical release of anticancer drugs in tumor cells to exert an advanced therapeutic effect.In addition,the synergistic therapeutic efficacy was achieved by reducing the excess of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria surrounding tumor cells.The novel supramolecular nanofibers with sequential drug release and combined therapeutic mode provide new guidance for the synthesis of drug carrier materials and direction for the promotion of nanomaterial-mediated cancer therapy.展开更多
Photoresponsive supramolecular polymers hold great promise for applications in sensing,actuation,and biomedicine.However,the role of photothermal effects in regulating supramolecular assemblies and their dynamic struc...Photoresponsive supramolecular polymers hold great promise for applications in sensing,actuation,and biomedicine.However,the role of photothermal effects in regulating supramolecular assemblies and their dynamic structural evolution at the microscopic level remains poorly understood,as most studies have primarily focused on molecular photochemical mechanisms.Herein,we report a photothermal-responsive supramolecular system based on 1,8-naphthalimide building blocks.By reducing hydrogen-bonding sites through modification of the amide N-substituent of BAze from 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzyl to benzyl,an OH-free derivative,Ph Aze,was obtained.This subtle structural change endows Ph Aze assemblies with photoresponsive behavior that markedly differs from that of BAze assemblies.Upon 488 nm laser irradiation,Ph Aze assemblies undergo nanofiber rupture accompanied by~40%fluorescence enhancement,whereas BAze assemblies show only a slight fluorescence decrease without morphological change.Real-time in situ observation based on confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM)reveals the dynamic photoresponse of Ph Aze nanofibers.Localized fluorescence enhancement first appears along the fibers,followed by the formation of molten-like microspheres that ultimately lead to fiber rupture.Two distinct modes of microsphere formation,synchronous and asynchronous,are identified during this process.Moreover,thermal imaging further confirms that the response originates from a photothermal effect,where localized temperature rise weakens noncovalent interactions and induces partial melting of the supramolecular fibers.This study provides direct in situ insights into photothermal-driven structural evolution in supramolecular assemblies and offers a new strategy for designing photothermal-responsive supramolecular materials.展开更多
Self-assembled nanoaggregates(SANs)derived from herbal decoctions have emerged as promising natural nanomedicines.However,their formation patterns in multi-herb formulations and therapeutic roles in central nervous sy...Self-assembled nanoaggregates(SANs)derived from herbal decoctions have emerged as promising natural nanomedicines.However,their formation patterns in multi-herb formulations and therapeutic roles in central nervous system disorders remain unclear.Wuzhuyu decoction(WZYD)is a classical formula for migraine treatment.Here,we reveal that SANs in WZYD(N-WZYDs)are formed through synergistic interactions among multiple herbal ingredients with Euodiae Fructus as the focus.N-WZYDs consisted mainly of proteoglycan scaffolds and small-molecule active components.In chronic migraine(CM)rat models,N-WZYDs significantly alleviated symptoms with efficacy comparable to that of WZYD,potentially via inhibition of the IL-33/ST2/TRPA1 signaling pathway.In Caco-2 cells,transport studies indicated that ginsenoside Rg1,dehydroevodiamine,and rutaevin were poorly absorbed,whereas evodiamine and 6-gingerol were moderately absorbed but significantly active in efflux,indicating the intestine as a key site of action.As an oral medication,intact N-WZYDs accumulated primarily in the intestines and could be internalized by Caco-2 and enterochromaffin cells.Crucially,N-WZYDs promoted serotonin release from enterochromaffin cells more effectively than free active molecules alone and increased peripheral serotonin levels,thereby alleviating CM.By investigating the formation patterns,anti-CM mechanisms,and absorption behaviors of N-WZYDs,this study elucidated their material basis and brain−intestine interactions in treating CM,supporting their further development as therapeutic agents or drug delivery systems.展开更多
Materials with blue-shifted and enhanced emission exhibit extensive applications in information encryption,solar ultraviolet sensing and ink-free printing,however,preparing blue-shifted and enhanced emission from phot...Materials with blue-shifted and enhanced emission exhibit extensive applications in information encryption,solar ultraviolet sensing and ink-free printing,however,preparing blue-shifted and enhanced emission from photo-responsive material remains a significant challenge.Herein,we designed and synthesized successfully the photo-responsive ionic-bonded organic crystals(IOC)using tetraphenylethylene(TPE)-based multidentate imidazolium salt and sulfonic acid.Impressively,the discernible response of IOC to UV light is evidenced by a blue shift and an enhancement in dilute solution.Specifically,this has resulted in a significant increase in the absolute quantum yield,from 7.0%to 41.3%.This remarkable efficiency can be attributed to the cooperative effect that reduces non-radiative processes,the restriction of intermolecular motions(RIM)and the modulation of charge transfer(CT)behavior.This work first reports blue-shifted and enhanced emission from ionic crystal,providing a new strategy to achieve photochromic materials.展开更多
In this study,two chiral cationic cage-shaped hosts were successfully self-assembled via imine condensation,achieving near-quantitative yields.Compared with the counterparts bearing a single imine bond,the intrinsic m...In this study,two chiral cationic cage-shaped hosts were successfully self-assembled via imine condensation,achieving near-quantitative yields.Compared with the counterparts bearing a single imine bond,the intrinsic multivalency of the cage frameworks confers significant robustness to the cages,even when exposed to aqueous environments.Each cage features three relatively acidic CH protons oriented towards the interior cavity or clefts,enabling the efficient recognition of anionic guests through cooperative hydrogen bonding.The cage containing pyridinium functions adopts a pseudo face-in conformation,thus it accommodates anionic guests in its peripheral windows in a 1:2 stoichiometry.As a comparison,the cage containing imidazolium functions adopts an edge-in conformation,and thus recognizes the anions within the cavity in a 1:1 binding stoichiometry.展开更多
The self-assembly and multiple tes-sellation structures of organic molecules on the metal surfaces are of great significance for the design of functional materials.Some examples of the manipulation of supramolecu-lar ...The self-assembly and multiple tes-sellation structures of organic molecules on the metal surfaces are of great significance for the design of functional materials.Some examples of the manipulation of supramolecu-lar tessellations and the exploration of the impact arising from deliberate modifications of the underlying sub-strate have been demonstrated on various noble metal substrates.How-ever,due to the effects of varied substrates and molecule coverages,the patterns of molecular tessellations have not been precisely predictable.Here,we utilize scanning tunneling mi-croscopy(STM)and density functional theory(DFT)to study various molecular tessella-tions on M(111)(M=Ag,Au,Cu)surface through the deliberate modulation of substrate ac-tivity,surface coverage,substrate temperature,and substrate lattice to change the vertex symmetry.Using 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene(BPE)molecules,we obtained seven molecular tessellations,where the intermolecular interaction conversion from the weak hydrogen bond(C-H…N)to the possible metal−organic coordination bond has been analyzed.We identified that the hydrogen bonding through C-H…N plays the predominant role in the BPE pat-terns on Au(111)and Ag(111),while the participation of Cu adatoms plays an important role for the intermolecular interactions through Cu−N interaction in the BPE patterns on Cu(111).展开更多
Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)are widely used as hole transport materials in inverted perovskite solar cells,offering low parasitic absorption and suitability for semitransparent and tandem solar cells.While SAMs hav...Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)are widely used as hole transport materials in inverted perovskite solar cells,offering low parasitic absorption and suitability for semitransparent and tandem solar cells.While SAMs have shown to be promising in small-area devices(≤1 cm2),their application in larger areas has been limited by a lack of knowledge regarding alternative deposition methods beyond the common spin-coating approach.Here,we compare spin-coating and upscalable methods such as thermal evaporation and spray-coating for[2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid(2PACz),one of the most common carbazole-based SAMs.The impact of these deposition methods on the device performance is investigated,revealing that the spray-coating technique yields higher device performance.Furthermore,our work provides guidelines for the deposition of SAM materials for the fabrication of perovskite solar modules.In addition,we provide an extensive characterization of 2PACz films focusing on thermal evaporation and spray-coating methods,which allow for thicker 2PACz deposition.It is found that the optimal 2PACz deposition conditions corresponding to the highest device performances do not always correlate with the monolayer characteristics.展开更多
Inverted p-i-n perovskite solar cells(PSCs)based on self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)as hole-selective layers(HSLs)have produced potential record efficiencies of more than 26%by tuning work function,dipole,and passivati...Inverted p-i-n perovskite solar cells(PSCs)based on self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)as hole-selective layers(HSLs)have produced potential record efficiencies of more than 26%by tuning work function,dipole,and passivation defects.However,the stability of the SAM molecules,the stability of the molecular anchoring conformation,and the impact on the stability of subsequent PSCs have not been clearly elucidated.In this review,we systematically discussed the intrinsic connection between the molecular conformation(including anchoring groups,spacer groups,and terminal groups)and the stability of SAMs.Sequentially,the research progress of SAMs as HSLs in improving the stability of PSCs is summarized,including photostability,thermal stability,ion migration,and residual stress.Finally,we look forward to the shortcomings and possible challenges of using SAMs as HSLs for inverted PSCs.展开更多
The NiOx,due to its excellent semiconductor properties,ease of large-area deposition,and tunable optoelectronic characteristics,shows great potential in industrial large-area perovskite technologies.However,NiOx-ba...The NiOx,due to its excellent semiconductor properties,ease of large-area deposition,and tunable optoelectronic characteristics,shows great potential in industrial large-area perovskite technologies.However,NiOx-based perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are limited by interfacial photocatalytic chemical reactions and energy level mismatch.Thus,phosphate-based self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)have been widely developed for delicate interfacial modification;however,they suffer from severe issues such as self-aggregation and high cost.Herein,a low-cost carboxylate-based SAM(pyrenebutyric acid,PyBA)was used to modify NiOx,achieving an improved surface chemical environment and interfacial properties,such as an increased Ni3+/Ni2+ratio,a reduced proportion of high-valence Ni≥3+,and better-aligned hole transport interface energy level.The introduction of PyBA also results in larger grain size,higher uniformity,and enhanced photoluminescence(PL)from the bottom of the perovskite,yielding a significant increase in efficiency from an initial 22.48%to 25.14%,while increasing the open-circuit voltage(VOC)from 1.077 to 1.192 V.Additionally,a perovskite module with an aperture area of 21 cm2achieved an efficiency of 22.28%,demonstrating the excellent scalability of the PyBA treatment.Moreover,the well-modified buried interface combined with the chemical inertness and structural rigidity of pyrene ensures excellent ultraviolet(UV)stability(the target module maintained 92%of the initial efficiency after 200 h and the control device only retained 40%).展开更多
Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)have been commonly employed as hole-selective layers(HSLs)in inverted(p-i-n)perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and typically only a single-component SAM is applied,which plays limited role in ...Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)have been commonly employed as hole-selective layers(HSLs)in inverted(p-i-n)perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and typically only a single-component SAM is applied,which plays limited role in selective hole transport.Herein,we synthesize a novel SAM,(4-(3,11-dibro mo-7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazol-7-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid(Br-4PADBC),and apply it as a complementary component to the commonly used[2-(3,6-dimeth oxy-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid(MeO-2PACz)SAM,accomplishing boosted hole transport in inverted PSCs.A series of characterizations and theoretical calculations are employed to unravel the roles of each components within the binary SAM(bi-SAM).The involvements of the non-planar dibenzo[c,g]carbazole unit and electron-withdrawing Br atoms induce larger dipole moment of Br-4PADBC than MeO-2PACz,resulting in much deeper work function of ITO and consequently improved alignment with the valence band energy level of perovskite.Besides,the introduced Br atoms improve the quality of perovskite crystals and help passivate defects of perovskite.On the other hand,the existence of the conventional MeO-2PACz SAM ensures the considerable conductivity of the bi-SAM and thus efficient hole extraction from the perovskite layer.As a result,inverted PSC devices based on bi-SAM HSL deliver a decent power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 24.52%as well as dramatically improved thermal and operational stabilities.展开更多
Directly correlating the morphology and composition of interfacial water is vital not only for studying water icing under critical conditions but also for understanding the role of protein–water interac-tions in bio-...Directly correlating the morphology and composition of interfacial water is vital not only for studying water icing under critical conditions but also for understanding the role of protein–water interac-tions in bio-relevant systems.In this study,we present a model system to study two-dimensional(2D)water layers under ambient conditions by using self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)supporting the physisorp-tion of the Cytochrome C(Cyt C)protein layer.We observed that the 2D island-like water layers were uniformly distributed on the SAMs as characterized by atomic force microscopy,and their composition was confirmed by nano-atomic force microscopy-infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy.In addition,these 2D flakes could grow under high-humidity conditions or melt upon the introduction of a heat source.The formation of these flakes is attributed to the activation energy for water desorption from the Cyt C being nearly twofold high than that from the SAMs.Our results provide a new and effective method for further understanding the water–protein interactions.展开更多
Recently,stimuli-responsive nanocarriers capable of precision drug release have garnered significant attention in the field of drug delivery.Here,an in-situ dynamic covalent self-assembled(DCS)strategy was utilized to...Recently,stimuli-responsive nanocarriers capable of precision drug release have garnered significant attention in the field of drug delivery.Here,an in-situ dynamic covalent self-assembled(DCS)strategy was utilized to develop a co-delivery system.This assembly was based on a thiol-disulfide-exchange reaction,producing disulfide macrocycles in an oxidizing aerial environment.These macrocycles encapsulated the anti-cancer drug(paclitaxel,PTX)on the surface of gold nanoparticles,which served as photothermal therapy agents during the self-assembly.In the DCS process,the kinetic control over the concentration of each building unit within the reaction system led to the formation of a stable co-delivery nanosystem with optimal drug-loading efficiency.Notably,the high glutathione(GSH)concentrations in tumor cells caused the disulfide macrocycles in nanostructures to break,resulting in drug release.The stimuli-responsive performances of the prepared nanosystems were determined by observing the molecular structures and drug release.The results revealed that the self-assembled nanosystem exhibited GSH-triggered drug release and good photothermal conversion capability under near-infrared light.Moreover,the in vitro and in vivo results revealed that conjugating the targeting molecule of cRGD with co-delivery nanosystem enhanced its biocompatibility,chemo-photothermal anti-cancer effect.Overall,our findings indicated that in-situ DCS strategy enhanced the control over drug loading during the construction of the co-delivery system,paving a way for the development of more functional carriers in nanomedicine.展开更多
The self-assembled nanoparticles(SAN)formed during the decoction process of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)exhibit non-uniform particle sizes and a tendency for aggregation.Our group found that the p H-driven method...The self-assembled nanoparticles(SAN)formed during the decoction process of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)exhibit non-uniform particle sizes and a tendency for aggregation.Our group found that the p H-driven method can improve the self-assembly phenomenon of Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall.,and the SAN exhibited uniform particle size and demonstrated good stability.In this paper,we analyzed the interactions between the main active compound,herpetrione(Her),and its main carrier,Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall.polysaccharide(HCWP),along with their self-assembly mechanisms under different p H values.The binding constants of Her and HCWP increase with rising p H,leading to the formation of Her-HCWP SAN with a smaller particle size,higher zeta potential,and improved thermal stability.While the contributions of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction to the formation of Her-HCWP SAN increase with rising p H,the hydrophobic force consistently plays a dominant role.This study enhances our scientific understanding of the self-assembly phenomenon of TCM improved by p H driven method.展开更多
Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs),owing to their amphiphilic nature,tend to aggregate,which impedes the formation of a dense and uniform SAM on the substrate.Additionally,the weak adsorption ability of SAMs on the indiu...Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs),owing to their amphiphilic nature,tend to aggregate,which impedes the formation of a dense and uniform SAM on the substrate.Additionally,the weak adsorption ability of SAMs on the indium tin oxide(ITO)surface and the desorption of hydroxyl(OH)from the ITO surface induced by polar solvents can lead to the formation of vacancies.Herein,a dimethylacridine-based SAM is incorporated into the perovskite precursor solution.This SAM can be extruded from the precursor solution and enriched on the bottom surface of the perovskite,filling the vacancies and in situ forming a mixed SAM with MeO-2PACz as a hole-selective layer(HSL).The in situ formed mixed SAM optimizes the energy level alignment between the HSL and the perovskite,facilitating hole extraction and alleviating the residual strain of the perovskite film.Consequently,the perovskite solar cells(PSCs),based on the mixed SAM,achieve a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 25.69%and exhibit excellent operational stability.When this approach is applied to 1.78 eV bandgap PSC devices,it yields a PCE of 20.08%.This work presents a unique strategy for fabricating both high-quality perovskite films and superior buried interfaces,which is also applicable to wide-bandgap PSCs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61904053,22279033)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB4204502)+2 种基金the 111 Project(B16016)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2025MS043)the Special Foundation for Carbon Peak Carbon Neutralization Technology Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2022026).
摘要Molecular tailoring of self-assembled hole-transporting monolayers(SAMs)has been proven as an efficient approach for improving the device performance of inverted perovskite solar cells.Herein,a novel SAM with extended conjugation is designed and synthesized,named NaPh-4PACz.Compared to Ph-4PACz,NaPh-4PACz exhibits a larger adsorption energy with the ITO substrate,enabling the formation of a more uniform and dense film,thereby preventing direct contact between the perovskite and ITO.Additionally,NaPh-4PACz also has a stronger interaction with the perovskite,which can reduce buried interface defects and suppress non-radiative recombination.Consequently,NaPh-4PACz-based devices achieved a power conversion efficiency of 25.48%due to their interfacial“adhesive”ability.Importantly,the stability of the NaPh-4PACz-based devices was significantly improved.
基金supported by the grants from National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA1104800)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20210324124214038)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52072418,82300016)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2023A1515140072)Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neural Cell Reprogramming and Drug Research,Social Development Science and Technology Key Project of Dongguan(No.20231800940512)the National Medical Research Council(NMRC,No.23-0740-A0001)the Ministry of Education(MOE,No.T2EP10222-0002)of Singapore.
摘要Lysine-targeting reversible covalent inhibitors,particularly salicylaldehyde-based compounds such as the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug Voxelotor,exhibit significant therapeutic potential but are limited by challenges including instability and off-target effects.To overcome these limitations in kinase inhibitor A5,we devised a pH-responsive prodrug strategy by masking its reactive aldehyde group with an acid-labile hydrazone linkage and enhancing intracellular delivery through conjugation with FK506.The optimized prodrug demonstrated robust antitumor efficacy in K562 tumor-bearing mice.Furthermore,the incorporation of the photosensitizer chlorin e6(Ce6)led to the formation of self-assembled nanoparticles(AKNP),which not only improved physiological stability and prolonged tumor retention but also enabled light-triggered release of A5 in conjunction with photodynamic therapy(PDT).Our study thus presents a promising prodrug self-assembly strategy that combines the on-demand release of a novel lysine-targeting,reversible covalent kinase inhibitor with PDT in clinical cancer therapy.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB4202501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62274026)+1 种基金the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2024NSFSC0216)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(ZYGX2025XT010 and ZYGX2025TS005)。
摘要Monolithic perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells(PSTs)represent a promising avenue for surpassing the efficiency limits of single-junction photovoltaics,but their performance is still hampered by significant open-circuit voltage(VOC)losses arising from interfacial inefficient charge extraction and non-radiative recombination.To mitigate these losses,we introduce a push–pull bridging molecule,4′-amino-[1,1′-bi phenyl]-4-carboxylic acid(ABBA),which forms a 2 PACz/ABBA assembly through phosphor-amidate.The 2 PACz/ABBA assembly suppresses 2 PACz aggregation caused byπ-πstacking while simultaneously enhancing the interfacial dipole moment,thereby facilitating the built-in electric field to promote more efficient hole extraction.Meanwhile,–COOH groups within ABBA passivate deep-level defects(e.g.,uncoordinated Pb2+)at buried perovskite interface and contribute to the growth of perovskite films with large grains,reduced residual stress,and optimized energy level alignment.Consequently,the champion tandem device fabricated via the two-step sequential vapor-solution process achieves a PCE of 30.37% and an open-circuit voltage(VOC)of 1.891 V.Furthermore,unencapsulated devices maintain 88%of their initial performance after 1000 h under maximum power point tracking(MPPT),highlighting its superior stability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC No.52271228)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-JC-ZD-21)the Doctoral Dissertation Innovation Fund of Xi'an University of Technology(No.101-252072301)。
摘要Graphitic carbon nitride(g-CN)stands out as the most promising candidate for solar energy conversion owing to its easy preparation,metal-free nature,flexible molecular structure,moderate bandgap,and excellent thermal/chemical stability.To enhance the performance of intrinsic g-CN,a supramolecular self-assembly strategy has been proposed to regulate the molecular structure of supramolecular precursors through non-covalent interactions across molecular building blocks,thereby optimizing the electronic structure of g-CN.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in supramolecular self-assembly-derived graphitic carbon nitride(SM-CN)from both experimental and theoretical computational research in synthesis strategies,including synthesis methods and influencing factors,providing a theoretical foundation for the design of supramolecular assembly.It also discusses modification strategies,such as internal modification of the conjugated plane,interlayer optimization,and construction of heterointerfaces to improve the electronic structure of SM-CN owing to its unique layered structure.This review further summarizes the applications of SM-CN in environment and energy,including wastewater treatment,sterilization and disinfection/air purification,water splitting,H2O2production,organic synthesis/biomass conversion,CO2reduction,photocatalytic coupling technology.Finally,perspectives and outlooks for the future development of SM-CN aim to inspire further innovation in the design and construction of high-performance SM-CN for broader applications.
基金financially supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(No.NRF-2020R1A3B2079803 and No.RS-2024-00453815),Republic of Korea。
摘要Localized high-concentration electrolytes(LHCEs)are considered as promising electrolyte candidates to resolve technical issues of metal batteries owing to their unique interfacial properties and solvation structures.Herein,we propose a self-assembly chemical strategy into the LCHEs induced by ordered nanostructure of zwitterionic co-solutes for highly efficient and ultrastable zinc(Zn)metal batteries.Through the systematic screening of six zwitterionic compounds,3-(decyldimethylammonio)propanesulfonate salt(C10)with the decyl chain and zwitterions was determined as an optimum to construct quasi-spherical aggregates with a periodic length of 3.77 nm,as confirmed by comprehensive synchronous small-angle X-ray scattering,Guinier,pair distance distribution function,Porod,and other spectroscopic characterizations and molecular dynamic simulation.In particularly,this self-assembled structure in electrolyte environments was attributed to increasing the proportion of both contact and aggregated ion pairs for the formation of LHCEs as well as to providing fast and selective Zn2+conducting channels and uniform solid electrolyte interfaces for facilitated charge transfer kinetics.Moreover,the preferential adsorption of the self-assembled C10on the Zn(002)surface modulated the electrical double layer to suppress hydrogen evolution and corrosion reactions.Consequently,the Zn‖Zn symmetric cells in Zn(OTf)2/C10electrolytes showed long-term plating/stripping behaviors over 2800 h at 1 mA cm-2and 1 mAh cm-2as well as over 1200 h even at 5 mA cm-2and 5 mAh cm-2with a very high depth of discharge of 42.7%.Furthermore,the ZnllVO2/CNT full cells in Zn(OTf)2/C10electrolytes delivered a record-high capacity of 8.10 mAh cm-2at an ultrahigh cathode mass loading of 50 mg cm-2after 150 cycles.
基金the Hubei Provincial Department of Education Scientific Research Plan Project(Q20234402).
摘要Recently,self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)have been confirmedas a promising hole-selective contact and interfacial modifier for inverted perovskitesolar cells(IPSCs),contributing to an inspiring record power conversion efficiencyclose to 27%,along with excellent stability.This review demonstrates the criticalrole of SAMs in enhancing the performance of IPSCs.First,the structure-propertyand structure-stability relationship of SAMs is systematically expounded by examiningtheir electronic structure,spatial configuration,and the resulting intermolecularforces.Second,it concludes the underlying mechanisms how their unique propertiespromote the performance of IPSCs,including energy-level alignment,defectpassivation,improved interface carrier extractionransport,and the suppression ofion migration.Third,the applications of SAMs in IPSCs are systematically summarized,covering their roles as hole-selective contacts,interface modifiers,and ascomponents in Co-SAMs strategies.Large-scalable fabrication methods are alsosummarized to promote industrial processing of IPSCs.Finally,the prevailing challengesand future research directions are outlined,proposing a roadmap for designingSAM-based IPSCs with superior longevity.By critically evaluating the pivotal role of SAMs,this review provides a strategic frameworkto guide future research and accelerate the development of self-assembled molecules in high-performance and stable photovoltaic devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82273919)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.LH2024H013)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022MD723781).
摘要Constructing nanofibers with specific therapeutic effects against cancer is a challenge.Here,we present the synthesis approach and application prospects of supramolecular nanofibers,which are based on cucurbit[8]uril(CB[8])as the host and terpyridine lanthanum ions metal complex as the guest,constructed by layer-by-layer self-assembly through supramolecular interaction.Moreover,nanofibers with lanthanide luminescence properties exhibit surprising pH-responsive deformation properties and antibacterial behavior.In the tumor micro-environment,the dramatic reduction in the size of the nanofibers enables specific and hierarchical release of anticancer drugs in tumor cells to exert an advanced therapeutic effect.In addition,the synergistic therapeutic efficacy was achieved by reducing the excess of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria surrounding tumor cells.The novel supramolecular nanofibers with sequential drug release and combined therapeutic mode provide new guidance for the synthesis of drug carrier materials and direction for the promotion of nanomaterial-mediated cancer therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22225806,22522816,22578443,22378385,22278394,22507121,22508383,22541705,U25A20620)The Chinese Academy of Sciences Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(No.YSBR-104)+4 种基金The Energy Revolution S&T Program of Yulin Innovation Institute of Clean Energy(No.E412050705)Liaoning Binhai Laboratory(No.LBLD-2024-07)Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(Nos.DICP I202436,DICP I202522,DICP I202512,DICP&SIA UN202502,DMU-1&DICP UN202301,DMU-1&DICP UN202302,DMU-2&DICP UN202502)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning(Nos.2025-MS-061,2025-BS-0147)Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund Program(No.2022JJ11CG007)。
摘要Photoresponsive supramolecular polymers hold great promise for applications in sensing,actuation,and biomedicine.However,the role of photothermal effects in regulating supramolecular assemblies and their dynamic structural evolution at the microscopic level remains poorly understood,as most studies have primarily focused on molecular photochemical mechanisms.Herein,we report a photothermal-responsive supramolecular system based on 1,8-naphthalimide building blocks.By reducing hydrogen-bonding sites through modification of the amide N-substituent of BAze from 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzyl to benzyl,an OH-free derivative,Ph Aze,was obtained.This subtle structural change endows Ph Aze assemblies with photoresponsive behavior that markedly differs from that of BAze assemblies.Upon 488 nm laser irradiation,Ph Aze assemblies undergo nanofiber rupture accompanied by~40%fluorescence enhancement,whereas BAze assemblies show only a slight fluorescence decrease without morphological change.Real-time in situ observation based on confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM)reveals the dynamic photoresponse of Ph Aze nanofibers.Localized fluorescence enhancement first appears along the fibers,followed by the formation of molten-like microspheres that ultimately lead to fiber rupture.Two distinct modes of microsphere formation,synchronous and asynchronous,are identified during this process.Moreover,thermal imaging further confirms that the response originates from a photothermal effect,where localized temperature rise weakens noncovalent interactions and induces partial melting of the supramolecular fibers.This study provides direct in situ insights into photothermal-driven structural evolution in supramolecular assemblies and offers a new strategy for designing photothermal-responsive supramolecular materials.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC3504000)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation-Capital Clinical Medicine Innovation Joint Fund(No.L2510038)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81473360)the Beijing Pharmaceutical and Health Collaborative Initiative for High-Quality R&D of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.zyygzl-2025-027).
摘要Self-assembled nanoaggregates(SANs)derived from herbal decoctions have emerged as promising natural nanomedicines.However,their formation patterns in multi-herb formulations and therapeutic roles in central nervous system disorders remain unclear.Wuzhuyu decoction(WZYD)is a classical formula for migraine treatment.Here,we reveal that SANs in WZYD(N-WZYDs)are formed through synergistic interactions among multiple herbal ingredients with Euodiae Fructus as the focus.N-WZYDs consisted mainly of proteoglycan scaffolds and small-molecule active components.In chronic migraine(CM)rat models,N-WZYDs significantly alleviated symptoms with efficacy comparable to that of WZYD,potentially via inhibition of the IL-33/ST2/TRPA1 signaling pathway.In Caco-2 cells,transport studies indicated that ginsenoside Rg1,dehydroevodiamine,and rutaevin were poorly absorbed,whereas evodiamine and 6-gingerol were moderately absorbed but significantly active in efflux,indicating the intestine as a key site of action.As an oral medication,intact N-WZYDs accumulated primarily in the intestines and could be internalized by Caco-2 and enterochromaffin cells.Crucially,N-WZYDs promoted serotonin release from enterochromaffin cells more effectively than free active molecules alone and increased peripheral serotonin levels,thereby alleviating CM.By investigating the formation patterns,anti-CM mechanisms,and absorption behaviors of N-WZYDs,this study elucidated their material basis and brain−intestine interactions in treating CM,supporting their further development as therapeutic agents or drug delivery systems.
基金the Gansu Natural Science Foundation(No.21JR7RA076)LICP Cooperation Foundation for Young Scholars(No.HZJJ23-6)for financial support。
摘要Materials with blue-shifted and enhanced emission exhibit extensive applications in information encryption,solar ultraviolet sensing and ink-free printing,however,preparing blue-shifted and enhanced emission from photo-responsive material remains a significant challenge.Herein,we designed and synthesized successfully the photo-responsive ionic-bonded organic crystals(IOC)using tetraphenylethylene(TPE)-based multidentate imidazolium salt and sulfonic acid.Impressively,the discernible response of IOC to UV light is evidenced by a blue shift and an enhancement in dilute solution.Specifically,this has resulted in a significant increase in the absolute quantum yield,from 7.0%to 41.3%.This remarkable efficiency can be attributed to the cooperative effect that reduces non-radiative processes,the restriction of intermolecular motions(RIM)and the modulation of charge transfer(CT)behavior.This work first reports blue-shifted and enhanced emission from ionic crystal,providing a new strategy to achieve photochromic materials.
基金Zhejiang University was supported by the Starry Night Science Fund of Zhejiang University Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study(No.SN-ZJU-SIAS-006)the support from the Leading Innovation Team Grant from Department of Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province(No.2022R01005)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LZ24B020002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22471240)。
摘要In this study,two chiral cationic cage-shaped hosts were successfully self-assembled via imine condensation,achieving near-quantitative yields.Compared with the counterparts bearing a single imine bond,the intrinsic multivalency of the cage frameworks confers significant robustness to the cages,even when exposed to aqueous environments.Each cage features three relatively acidic CH protons oriented towards the interior cavity or clefts,enabling the efficient recognition of anionic guests through cooperative hydrogen bonding.The cage containing pyridinium functions adopts a pseudo face-in conformation,thus it accommodates anionic guests in its peripheral windows in a 1:2 stoichiometry.As a comparison,the cage containing imidazolium functions adopts an edge-in conformation,and thus recognizes the anions within the cavity in a 1:1 binding stoichiometry.
基金supported by the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(No.2021ZD0303302)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-054)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22425206,21972129)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation。
摘要The self-assembly and multiple tes-sellation structures of organic molecules on the metal surfaces are of great significance for the design of functional materials.Some examples of the manipulation of supramolecu-lar tessellations and the exploration of the impact arising from deliberate modifications of the underlying sub-strate have been demonstrated on various noble metal substrates.How-ever,due to the effects of varied substrates and molecule coverages,the patterns of molecular tessellations have not been precisely predictable.Here,we utilize scanning tunneling mi-croscopy(STM)and density functional theory(DFT)to study various molecular tessella-tions on M(111)(M=Ag,Au,Cu)surface through the deliberate modulation of substrate ac-tivity,surface coverage,substrate temperature,and substrate lattice to change the vertex symmetry.Using 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene(BPE)molecules,we obtained seven molecular tessellations,where the intermolecular interaction conversion from the weak hydrogen bond(C-H…N)to the possible metal−organic coordination bond has been analyzed.We identified that the hydrogen bonding through C-H…N plays the predominant role in the BPE pat-terns on Au(111)and Ag(111),while the participation of Cu adatoms plays an important role for the intermolecular interactions through Cu−N interaction in the BPE patterns on Cu(111).
基金supported by funding from the Energy Materials and Surface Sciences Unit of the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University,the OIST R&D Cluster Research Program,the OIST Proof of Concept(POC)Program,the JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP21F21754 and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation。
摘要Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)are widely used as hole transport materials in inverted perovskite solar cells,offering low parasitic absorption and suitability for semitransparent and tandem solar cells.While SAMs have shown to be promising in small-area devices(≤1 cm2),their application in larger areas has been limited by a lack of knowledge regarding alternative deposition methods beyond the common spin-coating approach.Here,we compare spin-coating and upscalable methods such as thermal evaporation and spray-coating for[2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid(2PACz),one of the most common carbazole-based SAMs.The impact of these deposition methods on the device performance is investigated,revealing that the spray-coating technique yields higher device performance.Furthermore,our work provides guidelines for the deposition of SAM materials for the fabrication of perovskite solar modules.In addition,we provide an extensive characterization of 2PACz films focusing on thermal evaporation and spray-coating methods,which allow for thicker 2PACz deposition.It is found that the optimal 2PACz deposition conditions corresponding to the highest device performances do not always correlate with the monolayer characteristics.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(22425903,U24A20568,61705102,62288102,22409091,22409090 and 62205142)the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFB4204500)the Jiangsu Provincial Departments of Science and Technology(BE2022023,BK20220010,BZ2023060,BK20240561,and BK20240562)。
摘要Inverted p-i-n perovskite solar cells(PSCs)based on self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)as hole-selective layers(HSLs)have produced potential record efficiencies of more than 26%by tuning work function,dipole,and passivation defects.However,the stability of the SAM molecules,the stability of the molecular anchoring conformation,and the impact on the stability of subsequent PSCs have not been clearly elucidated.In this review,we systematically discussed the intrinsic connection between the molecular conformation(including anchoring groups,spacer groups,and terminal groups)and the stability of SAMs.Sequentially,the research progress of SAMs as HSLs in improving the stability of PSCs is summarized,including photostability,thermal stability,ion migration,and residual stress.Finally,we look forward to the shortcomings and possible challenges of using SAMs as HSLs for inverted PSCs.
基金Y.Zhan acknowledges funding support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0137400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62274040)+5 种基金A.Yu acknowledges funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62304046)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB2802802)the Key Laboratory of Rare Earths,Ganjiang Innovation Academy,Chinese Academy of SciencesX.Zhang acknowledges funding from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZC20230463)X.Li acknowledges funding from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZC20230461)We also acknowledge support from the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan 2023 Special Project for Supporting Carbon Peak Carbon Neutrality Project(23DZ1200400).
摘要The NiOx,due to its excellent semiconductor properties,ease of large-area deposition,and tunable optoelectronic characteristics,shows great potential in industrial large-area perovskite technologies.However,NiOx-based perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are limited by interfacial photocatalytic chemical reactions and energy level mismatch.Thus,phosphate-based self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)have been widely developed for delicate interfacial modification;however,they suffer from severe issues such as self-aggregation and high cost.Herein,a low-cost carboxylate-based SAM(pyrenebutyric acid,PyBA)was used to modify NiOx,achieving an improved surface chemical environment and interfacial properties,such as an increased Ni3+/Ni2+ratio,a reduced proportion of high-valence Ni≥3+,and better-aligned hole transport interface energy level.The introduction of PyBA also results in larger grain size,higher uniformity,and enhanced photoluminescence(PL)from the bottom of the perovskite,yielding a significant increase in efficiency from an initial 22.48%to 25.14%,while increasing the open-circuit voltage(VOC)from 1.077 to 1.192 V.Additionally,a perovskite module with an aperture area of 21 cm2achieved an efficiency of 22.28%,demonstrating the excellent scalability of the PyBA treatment.Moreover,the well-modified buried interface combined with the chemical inertness and structural rigidity of pyrene ensures excellent ultraviolet(UV)stability(the target module maintained 92%of the initial efficiency after 200 h and the control device only retained 40%).
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51925206,U1932214,52302052)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52322318)+6 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0450301)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2060000051,20720220009)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB3809700)the Innovation and Technology Fund(GHP/100/20SZ,GHP/102/20GD,MRP/040/21X,ITS/147/22FP)the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong Grant(N_City U102/23,C4005-22Y,C1055-23G,11306521)the Green Tech Fund(GTF202020164)the Science Technology and Innovation Committee of Shenzhen Municipality(SGDX20210823104002015,JCYJ20220818101018038)。
摘要Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)have been commonly employed as hole-selective layers(HSLs)in inverted(p-i-n)perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and typically only a single-component SAM is applied,which plays limited role in selective hole transport.Herein,we synthesize a novel SAM,(4-(3,11-dibro mo-7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazol-7-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid(Br-4PADBC),and apply it as a complementary component to the commonly used[2-(3,6-dimeth oxy-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid(MeO-2PACz)SAM,accomplishing boosted hole transport in inverted PSCs.A series of characterizations and theoretical calculations are employed to unravel the roles of each components within the binary SAM(bi-SAM).The involvements of the non-planar dibenzo[c,g]carbazole unit and electron-withdrawing Br atoms induce larger dipole moment of Br-4PADBC than MeO-2PACz,resulting in much deeper work function of ITO and consequently improved alignment with the valence band energy level of perovskite.Besides,the introduced Br atoms improve the quality of perovskite crystals and help passivate defects of perovskite.On the other hand,the existence of the conventional MeO-2PACz SAM ensures the considerable conductivity of the bi-SAM and thus efficient hole extraction from the perovskite layer.As a result,inverted PSC devices based on bi-SAM HSL deliver a decent power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 24.52%as well as dramatically improved thermal and operational stabilities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22273045,52488101 and 22472043)Ningbo Youth Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent(2023QL041)Tsinghua University Independent Scientific Research Plan for Young Investigator,Tsinghua University Dushi Program,and Initiative Scientific Research Program。
摘要Directly correlating the morphology and composition of interfacial water is vital not only for studying water icing under critical conditions but also for understanding the role of protein–water interac-tions in bio-relevant systems.In this study,we present a model system to study two-dimensional(2D)water layers under ambient conditions by using self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)supporting the physisorp-tion of the Cytochrome C(Cyt C)protein layer.We observed that the 2D island-like water layers were uniformly distributed on the SAMs as characterized by atomic force microscopy,and their composition was confirmed by nano-atomic force microscopy-infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy.In addition,these 2D flakes could grow under high-humidity conditions or melt upon the introduction of a heat source.The formation of these flakes is attributed to the activation energy for water desorption from the Cyt C being nearly twofold high than that from the SAMs.Our results provide a new and effective method for further understanding the water–protein interactions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82202274,82072032,22161016,32025021,12374390,52002380 and 31971292),the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2023ZD0500902)the Fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M743559)+2 种基金the Member of Youth Innovation Promotion Association Foundation of CAS,China(No.2023310)the Key Scientific and Technological Special Project of Ningbo City(No.2023Z209)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ23H180003)。
摘要Recently,stimuli-responsive nanocarriers capable of precision drug release have garnered significant attention in the field of drug delivery.Here,an in-situ dynamic covalent self-assembled(DCS)strategy was utilized to develop a co-delivery system.This assembly was based on a thiol-disulfide-exchange reaction,producing disulfide macrocycles in an oxidizing aerial environment.These macrocycles encapsulated the anti-cancer drug(paclitaxel,PTX)on the surface of gold nanoparticles,which served as photothermal therapy agents during the self-assembly.In the DCS process,the kinetic control over the concentration of each building unit within the reaction system led to the formation of a stable co-delivery nanosystem with optimal drug-loading efficiency.Notably,the high glutathione(GSH)concentrations in tumor cells caused the disulfide macrocycles in nanostructures to break,resulting in drug release.The stimuli-responsive performances of the prepared nanosystems were determined by observing the molecular structures and drug release.The results revealed that the self-assembled nanosystem exhibited GSH-triggered drug release and good photothermal conversion capability under near-infrared light.Moreover,the in vitro and in vivo results revealed that conjugating the targeting molecule of cRGD with co-delivery nanosystem enhanced its biocompatibility,chemo-photothermal anti-cancer effect.Overall,our findings indicated that in-situ DCS strategy enhanced the control over drug loading during the construction of the co-delivery system,paving a way for the development of more functional carriers in nanomedicine.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81873092,82174074)。
摘要The self-assembled nanoparticles(SAN)formed during the decoction process of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)exhibit non-uniform particle sizes and a tendency for aggregation.Our group found that the p H-driven method can improve the self-assembly phenomenon of Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall.,and the SAN exhibited uniform particle size and demonstrated good stability.In this paper,we analyzed the interactions between the main active compound,herpetrione(Her),and its main carrier,Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall.polysaccharide(HCWP),along with their self-assembly mechanisms under different p H values.The binding constants of Her and HCWP increase with rising p H,leading to the formation of Her-HCWP SAN with a smaller particle size,higher zeta potential,and improved thermal stability.While the contributions of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction to the formation of Her-HCWP SAN increase with rising p H,the hydrophobic force consistently plays a dominant role.This study enhances our scientific understanding of the self-assembly phenomenon of TCM improved by p H driven method.
基金supported by the Young Cross Team Project of CAS(No.JCTD-2021-14)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51925206)Gusu Innovation and Entrepreneur Leading Talents(ZXL2022466)。
摘要Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs),owing to their amphiphilic nature,tend to aggregate,which impedes the formation of a dense and uniform SAM on the substrate.Additionally,the weak adsorption ability of SAMs on the indium tin oxide(ITO)surface and the desorption of hydroxyl(OH)from the ITO surface induced by polar solvents can lead to the formation of vacancies.Herein,a dimethylacridine-based SAM is incorporated into the perovskite precursor solution.This SAM can be extruded from the precursor solution and enriched on the bottom surface of the perovskite,filling the vacancies and in situ forming a mixed SAM with MeO-2PACz as a hole-selective layer(HSL).The in situ formed mixed SAM optimizes the energy level alignment between the HSL and the perovskite,facilitating hole extraction and alleviating the residual strain of the perovskite film.Consequently,the perovskite solar cells(PSCs),based on the mixed SAM,achieve a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 25.69%and exhibit excellent operational stability.When this approach is applied to 1.78 eV bandgap PSC devices,it yields a PCE of 20.08%.This work presents a unique strategy for fabricating both high-quality perovskite films and superior buried interfaces,which is also applicable to wide-bandgap PSCs.